Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Communications par fibre optique'
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N'Gadi, Lucien Yao. "Optimisation d'un réseau de communication par fibre optique." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2008. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/4797.
Full textLefebvre, Kim. "Technique de réutilisation de longueur d'onde optique dans des applications RoF basée sur les RSOA pour des communications bidirectionnelles OOK et OFDM." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/37718.
Full textNanni, Jacopo. "High performance, low cost and low consumption Radio over fiber Systems for diversified communications applications." Thesis, Paris Est, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PESC1162/document.
Full textThis dissertation aims to analyze the possibility of improving in terms of cost and consumption the future Radio-over-Fiber (RoF) systems in different telecommunication scenarios, such as current and next generation of cellular networks and in other applications such as Radio Astronomy. The RoF system studied is hence composed of a Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser (VCSEL) operating at 850 nm, standard single mode fiber (SSMF) and SiGe Heterojunction Phototransistor (HPT), adopting the technique called Intensity Modulation{Direct Detection which is nowadays the cheapest and simplest architecture for RoF. This dissertation describes in detail the multimode propagation within the SSMF (designed to operate only at 1310 nm and 1550 nm) which is present at 850 nm. Through a developed mathematical model, the two-modes propagation is described and the main phenomena involved are analyzed. In particular, the model focus on intermodal dispersion and modal noise which are considered the two main contributions of performance detrimental. The model developed is able to identify the main parameters which contribute to enhance the detrimental effects produced by intermodal dispersion and modal noise both in frequency and time domain. Starting from the model, possible techniques to improve the performances are then proposed. In particular, a pre-filtering technique is realized in order to avoid the excitation of the second order mode, allowing a quasi-single-modepropagation within the SSMF. The technique is theoretically and experimentally validated either for single radio frequency sinusoidal transmission either for bandpass signal transmission centered in radio frequency band. In particular it is demonstrated experimentally the possibility of increasing the modulationbandwidth of the RoF system, reducing at the same time the fluctuations of power and gain. Furthermore, the technique is validated in a real LTE transmission system, making the RoF technology proposed able to transmit 256-QAM LTE signal of 20 MHz bandwidth, confirming the possibility of using this technology to decrease the overall cost and consumption of the network. Further work hasbeen done on the mathematical model. In particular the two modes propagation is exploited reversely in order to characterize the chirp parameter of the VCSEL employed. Finally, the problem of coupling between fiber and opto-electronic devices is also discussed and investigated, in order to enhance theperformances while keeping low the cost. The possibility of utilizing a collective and passive ploymerbased structure for coupling the optical fiber with small area photodetectors and VCSEL is presented, showing important improvements on coupling efficiency and tolerance to misalignment
Seck, Aida. "Contribution à l’optimisation des systèmes de transmission optiques cohérents (Nx100 Gbit/s) utilisant le multiplexage en polarisation par des formats de modulation en phase et une conception de ligne limitant l’impact des effets non-linéaires." Thesis, Evry, Institut national des télécommunications, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TELE0008/document.
Full textThe ever-increasing demand of capacity in very high bit rate coherent optical transmission systems has paved the way towards the investigation of several techniques such as the use of ultra-low loss fibers, Erbium doped fiber amplifiers, polarization and wavelength division multiplexing (WDM), coherent detection, multi-level modulation formats, spatial division multiplexing, etc. However, there are questions concerning polarization division multiplexing and a development towards some advanced modulation formats including phase modulation and polarization division multiplexing. In this thesis, in order to increase the capacity-by-distance product of future optical coherent systems using wavelength and polarization division multiplexing, we first study spectral shaping of the transmitted signals to increase the information spectral density. For this purpose, we have numerically investigated the multi-channel transmission performance of Polarization Switched Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (PSQPSK) and we have compared it to the performance of Polarization-Division-Multiplexed QPSK (PDM-QPSK), using Root Raised Cosine (RRC) spectral shaping, in the context of a flexible channel grid. In addition we have presented the advantage of PS-QPSK against PDM-QPSK as a function of the system parameters, while we have also discussed the benefit of a RRC spectral shaping against a tight filtering at the transmitter side with a 2nd order super-Gaussian-shaped filter. Furthermore, we have focused on nonlinear effects that limit the transmission distance by degrading the transmitted symbols during propagation. Analyzing and reducing the impact of nonlinear effects is essential when using technologies that increase the information spectral density such as polarization division multiplexing which causes new nonlinear effects due to additional interactions between symbols during the propagation through the fiber. Therefore a reduction of the impact of nonlinear effects is necessary for the development of future systems with higher bit rates of 400 Gbit/s and 1 Tbit/s per channel. We have established in this thesis, design rules to reduce the impact of nonlinear effects in the optical WDM transmission systems at 100 Gbit/s per channel that use polarization multiplexing
Yi, Lilin. "Ralentissement de la lumière par effets non-linéaires dans les fibres optiques pour les systèmes de communications à haut débit." Paris, ENST, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007ENST0037.
Full textSlow light, referring to slowing down the propagation velocity of the light through engineering the material dispersion or waveguide dispersion of the medium, is a promising technology for optical buffering and packet synchronization in future all-optical communication networks. Recently, slow light in fibers are rapidly developing for their compatibility with fiber-optic communication systems, where the fiber nonlinearities such as stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS), stimulated Raman scattering (SBS) and parametric process are used to shape the material dispersion of the fiber so as to realize the slow light based on the well-known Kramers-Kronig relationship. What’s more, for being compatible with the present 10-Gb/s optical communication systems, the system performances of 10-Gb/s signals delayed in the fiber nonlinearities based slow light should be thoroughly evaluated. In this thesis, we utilize the narrow band parametric process and broadband SBS in fiber to realize the tunable delay of 10-Gb/s signals. We evaluate the performances of the slow-light delay lines by measuring the maximal delay time, the fractional delay and the signal quality such as eye opening and bit-error-rate (BER) of the delay signal, and optimize the signal quality by minimizing the slow-light induced distortions
Audo, Frédéric. "Opto-alimentation et transmission de données par fibre optique pour les observatoires de fond de mer." Phd thesis, Université de Bretagne occidentale - Brest, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00782502.
Full textSaibi, Fadi. "Traitement du signal pour les communications optiques à haute efficacité spectrale." Phd thesis, Télécom ParisTech, 2005. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00001045.
Full textSlim, Joseph. "Optical signal processing for space division multiplexed systems." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021REN1S004.
Full textWhile the main advantage of optical communications is to enable transmission of ultra-high capacities by multiplexing dozens of wavelength channels operating at high bit rates, the processing of the data, for instance in view of its regeneration or routing, needs to be performed in the electrical domain, thus requiring optical-to-electrical-to-optical conversions. However, some processing functionalities could be performed more efficiently directly in the optical domain, which is known as all-optical signal processing. As new techniques exploiting the spatial dimension in multimode fibers have been proposed in order to further increase the transmitted capacity, a better understanding of nonlinear effects associated with multimode interactions is desirable. This thesis aimed to explore paths for all-optical signal processing in modedivision multiplexing. In particular, the target was to demonstrate how nonlinear effects in multimode fibers could be used to manipulate the properties of optical signals, either in a mode independent way, or mode dependent way. Two types of fibers were designed. The first one allows to perform some all-optical signal processing functionalities for all the modes of the fiber individually and simultaneously, by using the intramodal fourwave mixing nonlinear effect. The second fiber was designed in a way to perform all-optical signal processing between different modes of the fiber, using intermodal four-wave mixing
Amari, Abdelkerim. "Compensation des effets nonlinéaires pour les transmissions WDM longue distance à 400Gbps et au-delà." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, ENST, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ENST0031.
Full textOptical communication systems have evolved since their deployment to meet the growing demand for high-speed communications. Over the past decades, the global demand for communication capacity has increased exponentially and the most of the growth has occurred in the last few years when data started dominating network traffic. In order to meet the increase of traffic demands fueled by the growth of internet services, an increase of access network capacity and consequently metro and long-haul network capacities is required. Next generation of long-haul WDM transmission systems is expected to operate at 400Gbps or 1Tbps bit rate. Superchannel approaches, such as Nyquist WDM and multi-band OFDM, allow both high spectral efficiency and small guardband which makes them promising candidates to generate these high bit rates in combination with multi-level modulations formats. Such transmission systems are strongly disturbed by fiber nonlinear effects which increase with the data rate and the small guard band. Therefore, fiber nonlinearities compensation is required to get the desired performance in terms of transmission reach. DSP based approaches such as digital back propagation and third-order Volterra based nonlinear equalizer have been already proposed to deal with intra-channel or intra-band nonlinear effects. In the context of superchannel systems, we have proposed two new compensation techniques to deal with fiber nonlinear effects. The first one, called fifth-order inverse Volterra based nonlinear equalizer, compensate for intra-band nonlinear effects. The second approach, which is the interband/ subcarrier nonlinear interference canceler, is proposed to combat the nonlinear interference insuperchannel systems
Amari, Abdelkerim. "Compensation des effets nonlinéaires pour les transmissions WDM longue distance à 400Gbps et au-delà." Thesis, Paris, ENST, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ENST0031/document.
Full textOptical communication systems have evolved since their deployment to meet the growing demand for high-speed communications. Over the past decades, the global demand for communication capacity has increased exponentially and the most of the growth has occurred in the last few years when data started dominating network traffic. In order to meet the increase of traffic demands fueled by the growth of internet services, an increase of access network capacity and consequently metro and long-haul network capacities is required. Next generation of long-haul WDM transmission systems is expected to operate at 400Gbps or 1Tbps bit rate. Superchannel approaches, such as Nyquist WDM and multi-band OFDM, allow both high spectral efficiency and small guardband which makes them promising candidates to generate these high bit rates in combination with multi-level modulations formats. Such transmission systems are strongly disturbed by fiber nonlinear effects which increase with the data rate and the small guard band. Therefore, fiber nonlinearities compensation is required to get the desired performance in terms of transmission reach. DSP based approaches such as digital back propagation and third-order Volterra based nonlinear equalizer have been already proposed to deal with intra-channel or intra-band nonlinear effects. In the context of superchannel systems, we have proposed two new compensation techniques to deal with fiber nonlinear effects. The first one, called fifth-order inverse Volterra based nonlinear equalizer, compensate for intra-band nonlinear effects. The second approach, which is the interband/ subcarrier nonlinear interference canceler, is proposed to combat the nonlinear interference insuperchannel systems
Sylvestre, Thibaut. "AMPLIFICATION ET CONVERSION PARAMETRIQUES, DECALAGE ET SUPPRESSION DE FREQUENCES PAR PROCESSUS KERR ET RAMAN DANS LES FIBRES OPTIQUES." Phd thesis, Université de Franche-Comté, 1999. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00006109.
Full textAraujo, Viana Carlos. "Développement technologique et intégration système de VCSEL et HPT SiGe pour des applications radio-sur-fibre 60 GHz bas coût." Thesis, Paris Est, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PEST1003/document.
Full textWireless communication technologies have become one of the most popular and indispensable part of people's lives in the recent years, offering mobility and services never before available from mobile communication until local network communication. This work is based on the frame of the French ORIGIN project and intended to explore the Home Area Network using the most recent Wi-Fi standard at 60 GHz with the goal to present a solution for the upcoming days where MultiGbit/s wireless communication will be required. The ORIGIN solution is characterized by the complementary action of two technologies: 60 GHz Wireless communication and Radio-over-Fiber (RoF) infrastructure. The project pretends to propose a real prototype based on RoF transducers and a Multipoint-to-Multipoint architecture to cover the entire house. This thesis covers from the single optoelectronic chip devices until the system implementation and the final demonstrator. The light source and the photodetector choice were very important since it dictated the RoF transducer architecture. Our choice was on 850 nm multimode devices (GaAs VCSEL and SiGe HPT) which allow relaxed constraints on the optical packaging and, therefore, low cost solutions. In terms of performances those devices are limited in a few tens of Gigahertz of bandwidth which was the reason for the intermediate frequency (IF) architecture. This thesis work addressed the electrical and optical interconnection of the optoelectronic chip devices. It explored the integration of hybrid amplification stages and passive networks within optoelectronic receivers and emitters. The optical packaging issues were addressed through a conventional coupling technique using a ball lens first. The die device performances were evaluated and compared with a packaged module in terms of frequency response, noise and nonlinearities. Since performances are usually measured as link performances we proposed a definition of the Opto-microwave figures of merit, such as Opto-microwave gain, noise, nonlinearities and EVM. They are presented and integrated into behavioral models, allowing both the individual performances extraction and system design. The integration of the RoF module in the system is the final part of this thesis. The performances were measured and simulated at each integration step. The final demonstrator based on the multipoint-to-multipoint architecture was implemented using an optoelectronic central node for the signal repartition and the Green Box for signal controlling. Real-time bidirectional transmission between two commercial WirelessHD devices at ~3 Gbit/s was validated. In a final section directions to improve VCSEL and SiGe HPT are explored. 25 GHz analogue VCSELs are explored with a focus on their dimensions, improved access and the potential of a suited matching approach. A novel collective and passive optical coupling technology is also proposed for both VCSEL and top illuminated detectors that couple smaller and faster devices
Holtz, Jürgen. "Codage pour les communications par fibres optiques /." Paris : Ecole nationale supérieure des télécommunications, 1994. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb357781974.
Full textNguyen, Trung-Hiên. "Theoretical and experimental study of optical solutions for analog-to-digital conversion of high bit-rate signals." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015REN1S110/document.
Full textBi-dimensional modulation formats based on amplitude and phase signal modulation, are now commonly used in optical communications thanks to breakthroughs in the field of electronic and digital signal processing (DSP) required in coherent optical receivers. Photonic solutions could compensate for nowadays limitations of electrical circuits bandwidth by facilitating the signal processing parallelization. Photonic is particularly interesting for signal sampling thanks to available stable optical clocks. The heart of the present work concerns analog-to-digital conversion (ADC) as a key element in coherent detection. A prototype of linear optical sampling using an original solution for the optical sampling source, is built and validated with the successful equivalent time reconstruction of NRZ, QPSK and 16-QAM signals. Some optical and electrical limitations of the system are experimentally and numerically analyzed, notably the extinction ratio of the optical source or the ADC parameters (bandwidth, integration time, effective number of bits ENOB). Moreover, some new DSPs tools are developed for optical transmission using bi-dimensional modulation formats (amplitude and phase). Two solutions are proposed for IQ quadrature imbalance compensation in single carrier optical coherent transmission: an original method of maximum signal-to-noise ratio estimation (MSEM) and a new structure for joint compensation and equalization; these methods are experimentally and numerically validated with 16-QAM signals. Moreover, an improved solution for carrier recovery (frequency offset and phase estimation) based on a circular harmonic expansion of a maximum loglikelihood function is studied for the first time in the context of optical telecommunications. This solution which can operate with any kind of bi-dimensional modulation format signal is numerically validated up to 128-QAM. All the DSP tools developed in this work are finally used in a demonstration of a 10 Gbaud QPSK 100 km transmission experiment, featuring a strong non-linear phase noise limitation and regenerated using a phase preserving and power limiting function based on a photonic crystal nanocavity
Pophillat, Lucien. "Transmission video par fibre optique." Limoges, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987LIMOA001.
Full textPophillat, Lucien. "Transmission vidéo par fibre optique." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37608975p.
Full textNeveux, Antoine Laurent. "Optoalimentation de capteurs par fibre optique." Nice, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990NICE4421.
Full textBoldyreva, Ekaterina. "Mesures réparties par réflectométrie fréquentielle sur fibre optique." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2016. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/18709/1/Boldyreva_Ekaterina.pdf.
Full textBouslimani, Yassine. "Filtrage en longueur d'onde par fibre optique monomode." Rouen, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ROUES024.
Full textDoyennette, Laetitia. "Dispositifs unipolaires nitrures pour les télécommunications par fibre optique." Paris 11, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA112013.
Full textNguyen, Anh Tuan. "Utilisation de l'optique fibrée pour la manipulation et la génération d'états quantiques: pile ou face quantique et paires de photons." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210446.
Full textapporte une nouvelle description du monde qui nous entoure et en
particulier de ce qu'on appelle le monde de l'infiniment
petit. Cette nouvelle théorie permet une description adéquate
notamment de l'effet photoélectrique, des niveaux énergétiques des
atomes, des réactions nucléaires, Elle apporte également une
réponse à de nombreuses problématiques telles que la catastrophe
ultraviolette. Néanmoins aussi séduisante que soit cette théorie,
les prédictions pour le moins contre-intuitives qu'elle apporte,
amène rapidement la controverse. Par exemple, en 1935, A.
Einstein, B. Podolski et N. Rosen en arrivent à mettre en doute la
physique quantique à cause d'une particularité que l'on y
rencontre, à savoir l'enchevêtrement. Il s'en
suit le célèbre débat avec N. Bohr et l'école de Copenhagen. Parmi
les autres aspects propres au monde quantique on peut encore citer
la superposition des états, le postulat de la mesure, le principe
d'incertitude d'Heisenberg, la dualité onde-corpuscule, le
théorème de non clonage, Toutes ces spécificités font de la
physique quantique un monde passionnant dans lequel, à l'instar du
pays des merveilles d'Alice, l'intuition est souvent dépassée.
Cette thèse est le fruit de quatre années de travail au cours
desquelles nous avons tenté d'observer et d'étudier certains des
effets intrigants que nous propose la physique quantique. Plus
précisément nous avons utilisé des états particuliers de la
lumière afin d'explorer une partie de ce qu'on appelle
l'optique quantique.
Dans un premier temps nous nous sommes intéressés aux possibilités
offertes par l'utilisation d'états cohérents de la lumière. En
utilisant ces états particuliers nous nous sommes penchés sur
l'étude ainsi que sur la réalisation expérimentale d'une tâche qui
se révèle impossible classiquement sans hypothèse computationelle.
Cette tâche consiste à réaliser un pile ou face entre deux joueurs
éloignés l'un de l'autre, par exemple deux joueurs communiquant
par téléphone. En effet, classiquement, un des deux joueurs pourra
toujours tricher de manière à avoir 100% de chance de gagner le
pile ou face.
Au contraire, si on utilise les ressources offertes par la
communication quantique, il est possible de construire des
protocoles ne permettant plus à aucun des deux joueurs de tricher
parfaitement et ce, sans aucune hypothèse supplémentaire. Même si
aucun protocole quantique ne peut empêcher totalement toute
tricherie, leur démonstration constitue une preuve de principe
quant aux possibilités offertes par la physique quantique dans la
réalisation de tâches classiquement impossibles.
Lors de notre étude du problème, nous avons développé un protocole
de pile ou face quantique et étudié ses performances. Nous avons
montré que les tentatives de tricherie des deux joueurs avaient
une probabilité de succès limitée à 99,7%<100% (biais inférieur
à 0,497). L'originalité de cette étude se situe dans le fait que
les imperfections expérimentales (efficacité des détecteurs,
pertes de transmission, visibilité réduite, ) furent prises en
compte, ce qui à notre connaissance n'avait jamais été réalisé. En
outre nous avons réalisé une implémentation en optique fibrée de
notre protocole et démontré la réalisation d'un pile ou face
unique au cours duquel aucun des deux joueurs ne pouvait
influencer parfaitement le résultat, ce qui à notre connaissance
n'avait également jamais été démontré. L'emploi d'états cohérents
de la lumière fortement atténués nous a donc permis de concevoir
un protocole de pile ou face quantique et de réaliser une
démonstration expérimentale en optique fibrée, d'une tâche
impossible à réaliser classiquement.
Après avoir travaillé avec des états cohérents fortement atténués,
nous nous sommes intéressés à un autre état quantique de la
lumière, à savoir les paires de photons. Ces états constituent non
seulement une ressource essentielle pour sonder les effets
quantiques de la lumière mais également une ressource
incontournable pour l'information et la communication quantique.
Nous nous sommes donc attelés à la réalisation d'une source
produisant ces paires de photons.
Les premières sources de paires
de photons furent basées sur l'utilisation de cristaux dans
lesquels il existe une interaction non linéaire entre la lumière
et le matériau du cristal. Malheureusement le désavantage majeur
de ces sources est la difficulté à collecter les paires de photons
générées. Nous avons donc étudié la possibilité de générer des
paires de photons directement dans une fibre optique, la
collection des paires y étant réalisée de facto.
La première solution que nous avons envisagée consiste à utiliser
la non-linéarité du troisième ordre de la silice composant les
fibres optiques. Plus précisément le phénomène utilisé est appelé
l'instabilité de modulation. Ce phénomène permet de détruire deux
photons de pompe afin de générer une paire de photons vérifiant
les conservations de l'énergie et de l'impulsion. En outre nous
avons choisi d'utiliser une fibre optique microstructurée. Ces
fibres permettent en effet un plus grand confinement de la lumière
que les fibres standards. Il en résulte une interaction non
linéaire plus importante, permettant ainsi de générer des paires
de photons de manière plus efficace. La fibre utilisée est en
outre biréfringente, ce qui permet d'avoir accès à deux types
particuliers d'instabilité de modulation: l'instabilité scalaire
et l'instabilité vectorielle.
Dans un premier temps, nous avons observé le processus
d'instabilité de modulation dans un régime classique. Les
paramètres particuliers de notre fibre microstructurée - forte
dispersion anormale et biréfringence modérée
- nous ont permis d'observer un régime
d'instabilité dans lequel l'instabilité de modulation vectorielle
se produit à des fréquences proches de la fréquence de pompe
($Omegasim 1$THz). Il en résulte que les bandes de gain liées à
l'instabilité de modulation vectorielle sont très proches des
bandes de gain liées à l'instabilité de modulation scalaire. Nous
avons observé que dans ce régime particulier, les densités
d'énergie générées par instabilité de modulation vectorielle sont
supérieures à celles générées par instabilité de modulation
scalaire. A notre connaissance, il s'agit de la première
observation expérimentale permettant de mettre en évidence un gain
vectoriel supérieur au gain scalaire.
La génération de paires de photons grâce à ce processus nécessite
de diminuer la puissance de pompe envoyée dans la fibre.
Malheureusement nous avons mesuré que dans ce régime de faible
puissance (régime quantique), la qualité des paires de photons
générées était fortement dégradée par la présence de photons
parasites générés par diffusion Raman spontanée. Nous avons estimé
que lorsque la puissance de pompe est abaissée suffisamment pour
générer en moyenne 0,1~photons dans la bande de gain d'instabilité
de modulation vectorielle ($sim$1543 nm), environ 75% des
photons détectés auront été générés par diffusion Raman spontanée.
Afin de mettre en oeuvre des expériences d'optique quantique
utilisant des paires de photons, des solutions doivent donc être
appliquées à notre source afin de réduire le nombre de photons
générés par diffusion Raman spontanée. Parmi ces solutions nous
pouvons citer la discrimination en polarisation des photons
générés ainsi que le refroidissement de la fibre grâce à de
l'azote liquide. Ces solutions permettraient de réduire le nombre
de photons Raman anti-Stokes d'un facteur 18 et le nombre de
photons Raman Stokes d'un facteur 4. Malheureusement la tenue de
la fibre microstructurée à de très basses températures reste
incertaine et l'implémentation de ces solutions rendrait la source
difficilement utilisable.
Notre première tentative pour générer des paires de photons dans
une fibre optique nous a montré que les paires de photons générées
grâce à un processus d'interaction non linéaire du troisième ordre
étaient polluées par des photons générés par diffusion Raman
spontanée. Une source de paires de photons efficace ne pouvait
donc pas être obtenue sans l'aide de solutions technologiques
assez lourdes à mettre en oeuvre.
Nous avons donc investigué une deuxième solution afin de réaliser
une source produisant des paires de photons dans une fibre
optique. Puisque les non-linéarités du troisième ordre semblent
être peu adaptées pour la génération de paires de photons, nous
sommes revenus à une non-linéarité du second ordre. Dans ces
processus c'est un photon de pompe qui est détruit afin de générer
une paire de photons, tout en respectant les conservations de
l'énergie et de l'impulsion. Malheureusement les fibres optiques
ne permettent pas l'apparition de non-linéarités du second ordre
et ce, à cause de la centrosymétrie macroscopique du verre de
silice qui compose ces fibres.
Afin d'induire une non-linéarité du second ordre dans une fibre
optique nous avons travaillé en collaboration avec l'équipe du
Prof. P. G. Kazansky de l'université de Southampton. En utilisant
les techniques de poling thermique et d'effacement par
illumination UV, ils réalisèrent une fibre optique twin-hole
périodiquement polée dans laquelle les non-linéarités du second
ordre furent possibles.
Grâce à cette fibre nous avons réalisé une source de paires de
photons combinant les avantages des effets non linéaires du second
ordre, i.e. la puissance de pompe nécessaire est moindre
que dans le cas d'une non-linéarité du troisième ordre, la
diffusion Raman spontanée n'influence aucunement les paires de
photons générées, et les avantages de la fibre optique,
i.e. la collection des paires de photons y est réalisée
de facto, le mode spatial transverse des paires de photons
est bien défini. La mesure du pic de coïncidences de notre source
fournit un rapport entre le sommet du pic et le niveau des
coïncidences accidentelles de 7,5. Une efficacité conversion
$P_s/P_p=1,2,10^{-11}$ fut obtenue en utilisant 43~mW de
puissance de pompe. En outre les paires de photons générées
possèdent une longueur d'onde de 1556~nm se trouvant ainsi dans la
bande C des télécommunications optiques (1530-1565~nm). Elles sont
donc bien adaptées à une éventuelle application en communication
quantique, dans les réseaux de fibres optiques actuellement
utilisés pour les télécommunications optiques. Enfin nous avons
utilisé ces paires de photons afin de réaliser l'expérience de
Hong-Ou-Mandel permettant de mettre en évidence un effet propre à
la physique quantique, à savoir le photon bunching. Une visibilité
nette de 40% fut obtenue pour le Mandel dip dans une
configuration où la visibilité maximale vaut 50%. En outre cette
expérience nous a permis de développer une expertise dans la
réalisation d'interféromètres fibrés, stabilisés et contrôlés en
température.
La source de paires de photons que nous avons réalisée constitue
une démonstration de principe quant à la faisabilité d'une telle
source. A l'époque de ce travail, la fibre dont nous disposions
était l'une des premières fibres twin-hole périodiquement polées.
Aujourd'hui de nombreux paramètres de la fibre ont été améliorés
et permettent la réalisation d'une source de paires de photons
tout à fait compétitive avec les autres sources existantes. Ainsi
l'équipe du Prof. Kazansky est capable de réaliser des fibres
périodiquement polées de 20 cm de long possédant une efficacité de
conversion normalisée de seconde harmonique de
$eta_{SH}=8;10^{-2}$\\%/W. Si l'on suppose toujours une puissance
de pompe de 43 mW, cela mène à une efficacité de conversion de
$1,0;10^{-9}$ pour le processus de fluorescence paramétrique,
soit une amélioration de deux ordres de grandeurs par rapport à
notre démonstration. La réalisation d'une source de paires de
photons dans une fibre optique périodiquement polée qui serait non
seulement utilisable dans des expériences de physique fondamentale
mais également dans des applications en communication quantique,
est donc tout à fait envisageable dans un futur proche.
Pour résumer, nous avons, au cours de cette thèse, réalisé, dans
un premier temps, la tâche classiquement impossible qui consiste à
jouer à pile ou face à distance. Ensuite dans l'optique de générer
des paires de photons, nous avons étudié le processus
d'instabilité de modulation dans une fibre microstructurée. Nous
avons ainsi observé un régime particulier dans lequel
l'instabilité de modulation vectorielle possède un gain supérieur
à celui de l'instabilité de modulation scalaire. Enfin toujours en
quête d'une source de paires de photons, nous avons réalisé une
source produisant des paires de photons par fluorescence
paramétrique dégénérée au sein d'une fibre optique twin-hole
périodiquement polée. Les trois principaux sujets abordés au cours
de cette thèse ont donc en commun l'utilisation de l'optique
fibrée pour la manipulation ou la génération d'états quantiques de
la lumière. Il en a résulté l'obtention de trois résultats
originaux qui nous ont ainsi permis d'explorer une partie du monde
intrigant et fascinant de l'optique quantique.
/
Quantum physics was introduced early in the 20th century. It
brings a whole new description of our world, mostly at the
microscopic level. Since then, this new theory has allowed one to
explain and describe lots of physical features like the
photoelectric effect, the energy levels of atoms, nuclear
reactions, It also brought an answer to lots of remaining
unanswered questions like the so-called ultraviolet catastrophe.
Though, as attractive as this new theory was at that time, some of
its counter-intuitive predictions quickly gave rise to
controversy. For instance, in 1935, due to one quantum physics
feature called entanglement, A. Einstein, B. Podolski and N. Rosen
asked the question: "Can quantum-mechanical description of
physical reality be considered complete?". This led to
the famous debate with N. Bohr and his Copenhagen interpretation.
Amongst other particular features of quantum physics one can cite:
the superposition principle, the wave function collapse, the
Heisenberg uncertainty principle, the wave-particle duality, the
no-cloning theorem, As in Alice in wonderland, all those
features actually make quantum physics a fascinating world where
intuition is most of the time useless.
In this thesis we tried to observe and study some of the
intriguing features of quantum physics. More precisely we tried to
use specific light states to explore part of what is called
quantum optics.
First we studied the use of coherent states of light to perform
tasks you can not perform using classical physics. For instance in
1984, Ch. Bennett and G. Brassard proposed the first quantum
cryptography protocol which has an absolute security
while classical protocol security still relies on some
computational assumptions (the assumption is that today
computers computational power is not sufficient to threaten the
security of classical protocols. Though this means that classical
protocols are not intrinsically secure). Since then quantum
physics has been proven useful to perform lots of classically
impossible tasks like bit commitment, quantum computation, random
number generation, In this work we were interested in the
problem of coin tossing by telephone introduced by M. Blum
in 1981. In this problem two untrustful and distant
players try to perform a coin flip. Classically one can show that,
if no computational assumptions are made, one of the players can
always force the outcome of the coin flip.
On the opposite if one uses quantum communication resources, a
protocol in which none of the players can cheat perfectly can be
built, i.e. none of the players have 100\\% chance of
winning the protocol even by using the best possible cheating
strategy. Moreover this is possible without any other assumption
than the validity of the laws of physics. Though a quantum
protocol for coin tossing can not completely prevent from cheating, the demonstration of such a protocol would
be a proof of principle of the potential of quantum communication
to implement classically impossible tasks.
In our work, we have developed a quantum coin tossing protocol and
studied its performances. We have shown that the success cheating
probability of the players is bounded by 99,7%<100%, which is
better than what is achieved in any classical protocol. One of the
originalities of our work is that, for the first time to our
knowledge, experimental imperfections (detectors efficiency,
losses, limited interference visibility, ) have been taken into
account in the theoretical analysis. Moreover, using coherent
states of light, we have demonstrated a fiber optic experimental
implementation of our protocol and performed a single coin flip
where none of the two players could perfectly influence the
outcome. This is to our knowledge the first experimental
demonstration of single quantum coin tossing.
After coherent states of light, we wanted to work with a more
complex quantum state: photon pairs. Not only those states are
useful for fundamental physics tests but they also are an
important resource for quantum communication. For those reasons
our first objective was to build a source that would generate
those photon pairs.
First photon pairs sources were based on bulk nonlinear crystals.
Unfortunately the main drawback of those sources is the low
collection efficiency of the generated photon pairs. That's why we
investigated the possibility of generating the photon pairs
directly in a waveguiding structure where they would be readily
collected.
The first solution that we envisaged was to use the natural third
order nonlinearity of silica fibers. More precisely the phenomenon
we wanted to used is called modulation instability. In this
process, two pump photons are destroyed and a photon pair is
created with energy and momentum conservations. Moreover we
decided to use this process in a photonic crystal fiber. The high
confinement of light in this kind of fiber allows a higher
nonlinearity and thus a more efficient generation of photon pairs.
Finally the fiber we used was birefringent which enables both
vectorial and scalar modulation instability to occur.
As a first experiment, we decided to observe modulation
instability in a classical regime where a lot of photons are
created. The specific parameters of our photonic crystal fiber -
high anomalous dispersion and moderate birefringence - allowed us
to observe a regime where the vectorial instability gain band has
a similar detuning from the pump as the scalar instability gain
band. In this regime we also observed an enhancement of the
vectorial gain above the scalar gain which has been confirmed
theoretically. To our knowledge this was the first experimental
observation of this particular regime of instability.
To generate photon pairs with this instability process we need to
lower down the pump power. Unfortunately we measured that, when
pump power was sufficiently lowered to generate ~0,1 photon
pairs per pump pulse sent in the fiber, about 75% of generated
photons were created by spontaneous Raman scattering and not
modulation instability. In order to build an efficient photon pair
s secteurs financiers et, en particulier, au rôle de la religion musulmane. Nous montrons que, en moyenne, la finance islamique favorise le développement du secteur bancaire dans les pays musulmans. Plusieurs pays ont en effet réussi à développer un nouveau secteur bancaire compatible avec la Shariah, sans porter ombrage au secteur bancaire non islamique avec lequel il co-existe. Notre analyse empirique est fondée sur une base de données nouvelle et originale. Celle-ci a pour intérêt de fournir des indicateurs de taille et de performance des banques islamiques de dépôt dans le monde, pour la période 2000-2005.
Dans le deuxième essai, nous explorons les rendements inconditionnels obtenus sur les marchés boursiers, en particulier les marchés émergents d'actions. Notre analyse d'un large panel de 53 marchés émergents "Majeurs" et "Frontières" confirme les résultats traditionnellement observés dans la littérature. Ainsi, pour l'essentiel, les deux types de marchés sont volatils et émaillés d'événements extrêmes. De plus, les rendements des marchés émergents sont faiblements corrélés avec ceux du reste du monde, même si ces corrélations ont augmenté au cours des derniers décennies. Malgré d'importantes différences en terme de taille et de liquidité, les rendements sur marchés "Frontières" sont qualitativement similaires à ceux des marchés "Majeurs", à l'exception des corrélations. Ces dernières sont en effet actuellement plus faibles dans les marchés "Frontières", qui continuent dès lors à offrir d'importants bénéfices de diversification aux investisseurs internationaux.
Dans le dernier essai, nous examinons la relation entre les transferts d'argent des migrants et la croissance économique. Nous confirmons l'idée que les transferts de fonds des migrants sont importants pour les pays en voie de développement. Mais surtout, nous démontrons, de manière théorique et empirique, qu'il est crucial de faciliter dans ces pays l'accès aux comptes de dépôt bancaires, afin de transformer une plus grande part des transferts des migrants en investissements productifs. Ceci est d'autant plus vrai quand l'accès aux autres sources de capitaux internationaux est coûteux.
on pairs well defined). A coincidence
measurement was performed resulting in a coincidence peak with a
7,5 ratio between the peak and the accidental coincidences level.
A conversion efficiency $P_s/P_p=1,2,10^{-11}$ was obtained using
43 mW of pump power. Moreover photon pairs were generated around
1556~nm in the optical communications C-band, which makes them
suitable for quantum communication applications using installed
fiber optic networks. Finally using the generated photon pairs we
performed the Hong-Ou-Mandel experiment highlighting the bosonic
nature of photons. We obtained a Mandel dip with a net visibility
of 40% in a configuration where the maximum visibility is 50%.
The photon pair source that we realized is a proof of principle of
the high potential of poled fibers in quantum applications. Indeed
today, Prof. P. G. Kazansky's team is able to make a 20 cm poled
fiber with a nonlinearity $eta_{SH}=8;10^{-2}$\\%/W. If we still
suppose 43~mW of pump power, this leads to a $1,0;10^{-9}$
conversion efficiency for parametric fluorescence, improving our
result by two orders of magnitude. The realization of an efficient
photon pair source based on parametric fluorescence in
periodically poled twin-hole fiber suitable for quantum
applications is thus absolutely possible in a very near future.
Doctorat en Sciences de l'ingénieur
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Castan, Stéphanie. "Codage de canal pour les communications optiques." Limoges, 2009. https://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/ca31ecf8-c9ba-423d-93f5-ebe0d7929315/blobholder:0/2009LIMO4021.pdf.
Full textThe work done in this study focuses on forward error correction used to compensate for performance degradations in fiber optical links, mainly corrupted by the quadratic photo detection process. When we consider a single user transmission, this process has an impact on the photo detected signal statistic, which can be represented as a chi-square function. Taking into account this statistic, the iterative decoding used for LDPC codes is modified in order to optimise the performance. In the case including Optical Code Division Multiple Access, mainly disrupted by Multiple Access Interference, photo detection induces beatings called beat noise. Studying the photo detected signal statistic leads us to establish a theoretical model based on a mixture of chi-square distribution. The error correction performance has been optimised by taking into account this model in the decoding process, which permits considering an application to multimedia transmissions
Ren, Zhanbing. "Capteur de courant par effet magnétooptique dans une fibre optique monomode /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1990. http://library.epfl.ch/theses/?nr=828.
Full textBuchoud, Edouard. "Détection, localisation et quantification de déplacements par capteurs à fibre optique." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENU021/document.
Full textFor structural health monitoring, optical fiber sensors are mostly used thanks their capacity to provide distributed measurements. Based on the principle of Brillouin scattering, optical fiber sensors measure Brillouin frequency profile, sensitive to strain and temperature into the optical fiber, with a meter spatial resolution over several kilometers. The first problem is to obtain a centimeter spatial resolution with the same sensing length. To solve it, source separation, deconvolution and resolution of inverse problem methodologies are used. Then, the athermal strain into the structure is searched. Several algorithms based on adaptative filter are tested to correct the thermal effect on strain measurements. Finally, several methods are developed to quantify structure displacements from the athermal strain measurements. They have been tested on simulated and controlled-conditions data
Hocine, Malik Kugel Godefroy. "Croissance d'un micro-composant en bout de fibre optique par photopolymérisation." Metz : Université Metz, 2008. ftp://ftp.scd.univ-metz.fr/pub/Theses/2004/Hocine.Malik.SMZ0411.pdf.
Full textBlanchard, Pierre. "Mesure des réflexions sur fibre optique par réflectométrie optique temporelle : Application aux réseaux de capteurs analogiques." Limoges, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LIMO0120.
Full textAl, Manoufi Abdul-Kader. "Liaison par fibre optique : étude générale, réalisation, mesure de l'effet de la température." Saint-Etienne, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989STET4001.
Full textVerneuil, Jean-Louis. "Simulation de systèmes de télécommunication par fibre optique à 40 Gbits/s." Limoges, 2003. http://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/7938d668-7bf7-4595-81d3-1244cd4f71ba/blobholder:0/2003LIMO0021.pdf.
Full textCharacterisations and iterative measurements are one of the solutions for the optimisation of a system. However, this method is time consuming and expensive. So simulations tools can be a precious assistant to obtain quickly some solutions at the level of system structure, of its reliability and the components integration in this system. In this study, the system simulation is been used for (i) optimising a 40 Gbits/s fiber-optic link and (ii) evaluating the impact of components parameters drifts on optical systems performances. This procedure has been applied in a French RNRT project, called ERMIONE,͏̈ and in a CNRS study, destined to the future communications networks 40 Gbits/s links. It is based to following steps : 1 - Definition and simulation of a link developed on the basis of the models issued from the selected simulator library. 2 - Improvements of several models, taking into account characterisations realised by the ERMIONE partners. 3 - Implementation of this improved models in the simulated link. 4 - Iterative simulations with different models integration. 5 - Simulation of the realistic simulated link and comparison with the experiment. The quality factor (Q), bit error rate (BER) and eye pattern of the overall link are the simulated system parameters taken into account to evaluate the link performances, the influence of each component on these performances and the impact of components degradations associated with ageing. At the end of these studies, we can say the system simulator is a tool which help the system conception and the knowledge and expectation of their reliability
Lecomte, Pierre. "Mesure haute température en environnement irradié par fibre optique utilisant l’effet Raman." Thesis, Perpignan, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PERP0067/document.
Full textEDF is working on Raman distributed temperature sensing using optical fiber sensors in order to map temperature of nuclear power plants big components. The sensor has to sustain harsh environmental conditions (temperatures up to 350 °C and gamma ionizing radiations). Ionizing radiations can create structural defects inside the fiber’s core, which attenuate the light transmission. This phenomenon can lead to temperature measurements errors until no measurement is possible. As for high temperature, it can affect the fiber coating, which mitigate the fiber mechanical resistance.Gamma rays in situ irradiations have been carried out over commercial off-the-shelf multimode gold coated fibers protected with a stainless steel metal tubing, with two different radiation sources, in order to observe radiation-induced attenuation over dose rate or cumulated dose. Effects of gamma rays over gold coated optical fiber sensors have been observed at both room anhigh temperature.This experimental work enlightens that high temperature can be controlled with gold coated fibers, and that the radiation-induced attenuation downsides can efficiently be balanced with high temperature. Implementation of a Raman distributed temperature optical fiber sensor in such harsh environments becomes possible, as well as the associated estimation of measurement uncertainty
Parat, Vincent. "Nouvelle connectique optique par système photo-polymérisable." Thesis, Besançon, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BESA2041.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to develop a new technology providing a low cost and “easy to use “solution for interconnections of optical fibers. This fiber-optic technology can be extended to connections between fiber and integrated optical component. This new technique is based on photo-polymerization of a chemical solution used to rebuild a guiding index structure between two elements of optical waveguides. With the aim to study this new type of connection, and optimize it’s performances, we have implemented a method for analysing the distribution of the refractive index within the polymer connexions. For this we use an interferometric tomography method, that we adapted to measure the fiber and small items at fiber end. This new analysis technique, developed in partnership with the Department of Mechatronics of Warsaw University, allows to reconstruct a three-dimensional mapping of the refractive index distribution. We are able to analyse polymers connections made with different photochemical solutions and observe defects in the index homogeneity. This is done in order to replicate as possible the index structure of optical fibers, and thereby minimize optical losses at connection. Using these analysis, we set to the final application of this technique, at the optical Telecommunications market: we have developed prototypes of splicing between two optical fibers, as well as designed all necessary tools for their implementation in the field, and we have demonstrated that their performance is equivalent to products now available on the market
Bigo, Sébastien. "Traitement de signal tout-optique pour la transmission a tres haut debit de solitons par fibre optique." Besançon, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BESA2059.
Full textNorcia-Molin, Stéphanie. "Augmentation de la profondeur de modulation de signaux hyperfréquence sur porteuse optique par effets non linéaires dans les fibres." Paris 11, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA112118.
Full textOptical fibres tend to replace coaxial cables in many systems of transport and processing of microwave signals. In particular, future generations of radar systems will be equipped with opto-electronic links thus using with profit the advantages of optical fibres (weak weight, size, cost and large bandwidth). In these future radar systems, the linear transposition of microwave information on optical carrier with traditional integrated intensity modulators (such as mach-zehnder) is amplitude-limited. The resulting signal is thus composed of a weak modulated part containing the microwave information and of a strong continuous component which can saturate some of the opto-electronic link components. In this work we studied two non-linear processes in optical fibres allowing selective and dynamic attenuation of the optical carrier only, without any attenuation of the microwave signal. This means an increase of the signal contrast, that is to say an increase of its modulation depth. The first studied effect is stimulated brillouin scattering in optical fibres (including in photonic crystal fibres). The second studied effect is two wave mixing by gain saturation in an amplifying optical fibre. The feasibility of modulation depth increase of the microwave signal by these two techniques respectively has been proven. An increase of the modulation depth of the signal by a factor 10 000 has been demonstrated
YATAGHENE, AREZKI. "Surveillance de la temperature par reflectometrie optique a correlation sur fibre dopee holmium." Paris, CNAM, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994CNAM0173.
Full textHoarau, Christine. "Réalisation, par procédé sol-gel, d'une nouvelle gaine organosiliciée pour fibre optique plastique." Montpellier 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995MON20144.
Full textNarbonneau, François. "Dissémination ultra-stable d'étalons de fréquence par fibre optique du réseau télécom métropolitain." Rennes 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007REN1E004.
Full textGrangeat, Romain. "Durabilité des assemblages collés en environnement humide : instrumentation par capteurs à fibre optique." Thesis, Nantes, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NANT4066.
Full textA bonded assemblies are increasingly used in the industrial world, it is important to study their long term behavior. This manuscript consists of four chapters. The first one makes it possible to place this research work in an industrial and academic context in order to highlight the different scientific locks reached. In the second chapter, the process of manufacturing an epoxy structural adhesive is studied. This process is then controlled using a fiber optic sensor based on Fresnel reflection. The third chapter focuses on the study of water diffusion and the measurement of local water content in the adhesive. The different results obtained on the manufactured process and on the ageing allow to introduce the last chapter. This one is exclusively interested in bonded assemblies. First of all, the interphases are highlighted during their creations during the crosslinking reaction. Their diffusive properties in relation to water are then characterized. Finally, a hygroelastic model is determined, in order to simulate the water uptake and hygroscopic stresses within a bonded assembly
Salhi, Miyassa. "Étude d’un système de surveillance de structure par fibre optique reposant sur l’effet Brillouin." Thesis, Paris Est, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PESC2031.
Full textThe use of distributed sensors fiber optic delivering information in each point of the fiber is an important tool for large-scale structures surveillance strategies in civil engineering. The spontaneous Brillouin scattering phenomenon (or stimulated) in the field of sensors optical fiber is subject to strong scientific inquiry since the 1990s. The proposed industrial solutions are based on the spectral analysis of the Stokes wavelength backscattered along the length of the fiber. Thus, a B-OTDR device (Brillouin Optical Time-Domain Reflectometer) can perform a measurement of the shift of the Brillouin frequency (of the order of 11GHz around 1.55 µm) with a metric spatial resolution and sensitivity of the strain measurements and temperature respectively of about 10 µm/m and 0.5 °C, but at a high cost (about 100k€) which limits their use. This thesis is oriented towards the study of a monitoring system based on the use of a bi-frequency bi-polarization source, which would make it possible to remedy the drawbacks of conventional systems and have equivalent performances with state of the art solutions
Delannoy, Anne. "Etude et realisation d'un telemetre a pre-amplification par fibre optique dopee a l'erbium." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995STR13069.
Full textMENNERAT, SOPHIE. "Optimisation des systemes d'interconnexions par optique diffractive, applicables aux communications a haut debit." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999STR13097.
Full textLauffenburger, Stefan. "Caractérisation des circuits intégrés micro-onde à base d'Arséniure de Gallium par sondage électro-optique utilisant un faisceau laser continu." Phd thesis, Télécom ParisTech, 2003. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00000621.
Full textSaalaoui, Jad. "TRANSFERT DE FRÉQUENCE DE RÉFÉRENCE MÉTROLOGIQUE PAR FIBRE OPTIQUE : APPLICATION À L' ÉLABORATION D'UNEÉCHELLE DE TEMPS." Phd thesis, Université de Franche-Comté, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011172.
Full textDans ce cadre, nous avons développé et testé trois dispositifs d'asservissement qui permettent de corriger les fluctuations de phase des signaux qui transitent dans la fibre optique. Ces trois systèmes sont ensuite comparés en termes de performances, de stabilité et de leurs limitations respectives.
Une des applications concrètes de ce système, consiste à réaliser une horloge composite tirant profit des meilleures stabilités accessibles, utilisant un oscillateur à quartz synchronisé simultanément sur une horloge à césium et un maser à hydrogène. La méthode proposée est originale et est basée sur une boucle à verrouillage de fréquence (FLL).
Enfin, nous avons proposé une réalisation physique d'une échelle de temps en intégrant les données de BIPM dans notre algorithme.
Saalaoui, Jad. "Transfert de fréquence de référence métrologique par fibre optique : application à l'élaboration d'une échelle de temps." Besançon, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005BESA2072.
Full textGAGNEBIEN, GEORGES XAVIER. "Etude et realisation d'un systeme de transmission analogique par fibre optique, grande bande passante, grande dynamique." Paris 6, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA066154.
Full textHUSSAIN, YOUNIS ESLAM. "Metrologie par fibre optique : sensibilisation et desensibilisation de systemes interferometriques et polarimetriques a certaines perturbations physiques." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994STR13108.
Full textDany, Bruno. "Régénération optique et gestion de dispersion pour transmissions longue distance par fibre optique utilisant le multiplexage en longueur d'onde à 40 Gbit/s." Nice, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002NICE5706.
Full textSikali, Mamdem Yolande. "Capteurs à fibres optiques répartis par effet Brillouin : séparation de la dépendance à température et à la déformation." Thesis, Paris, ENST, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ENST0058/document.
Full textOptical fibers sensors for civil engineering are not a new idea. Their interest is based mainly on the intrinsic properties of optical fibers: electromagnetic neutrality, important capacity of multiplexing and access to long distances of measure. These sensors may cover numerous functions of the traditional sensors: detection, localization and surveillance. Thanks to interactions between the light and the optical fiber, such Brillouin scattering, the optical fiber can be on all its length, a continuously distributed sensor.The phenomenon of Brillouin scattering is well studied due to its big efficiency of scattering, its dependence towards temperature and strain and its pluri-kilometric reach. However, the double sensibility of the Brillouin frequency in temperature and strain is problematic for the simultaneous measurement of these two parameters. We shall present a possibility of discrimination of temperature and strain corresponding to the precisions wished for surveillance health monitoring
Thon-Adjalin, Carolle. "Étude d'un système de transmission sur fibre optique plastique à saut d'indice." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28166/28166.pdf.
Full textJouanno, Jean-Marc. "Amplification optique dans des guides d'ondes réalises par échange d'ions dans des verres phosphates dopes par des terres rares." Grenoble INPG, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995INPG0013.
Full textParriaux, Alexandre. "Génération de peignes de fréquences par modulation électro-optique et applications." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2020. https://nuxeo.u-bourgogne.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/d741c734-bc90-4d7b-a8ba-66657dfe685d.
Full textThe work presented in this thesis relates the development of a dual frequency comb spectrometer based on the electro-optic modulation of a continuous wave laser, and its utilisation for spectroscopic applications in the near- and mid-infrared.Since their discovery in the 1960s, frequency combs have revolutionised the physics, especially in metrology but also in spectroscopy, which lead to the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2005. In this domain of applications, dual frequency comb spectrometers are known to be complex to develop and use. A possibility to bypass these constraints is to build the spectrometer with electro-optic modulators. This particular architecture makes the experimental setup easy to use, thanks to the all-fibered feature and the lack of enslavement needed.In this manuscript, the work related describe first the architecture of a dual-comb spectrometer based on electro-optic modulators. We will see the advantages and disadvantages of the technique, especially for spectroscopic applications. We will also see the benefits of nonlinear phenomena in optical fibers to improve the experimental setup. Then, we show how the spectral range of the spectrometer can be extended around 2~µm, either by direct electro-optic modulation, or by frequency conversion in specific optical fibers.Finally, we will see the possibility to reach the mid-infrared by using nonlinear crystals. This last spectral extension will allow us to probe a spectral region highly suitable for spectroscopy, and hence to realise specific applications such as exhaled breath analysis
Tonnelé, Claire. "Modélisation des propriétés photophysiques de capteurs chimiques pour des applications de détection de cations par fibre optique." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00918201.
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