Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Communicative clues'

Os estudos nas áreas da neuropsicologia e da afasiologia sempre demonstraram uma preocupação em analisar o processamento da linguagem de afásicos. Porém, ainda existe a necessidade de se analisar a produção oral desses indivíduos, com o objetivo de melhor descrever os distúrbios apresentados pelos mesmos com vistas a contribuir com os possíveis tratamentos dedicados a essas pessoas. Por essa razão, esta dissertação investigou a dificuldade de acesso lexical, tanto na produção de fala espontânea, através de uma Entrevista de Memória Autobiográfica, como na fala semi espontânea, através da Tarefa do Roubo dos Biscoitos, em dois indivíduos afásicos, caracterizando dois fenômenos linguísticos decorrentes da afasia – anomia e parafasia – bem como elencando os tipos de estratégias comunicativas empregadas por esses indivíduos com vistas a superar dificuldades linguísticas no momento da comunicação. Os resultados encontrados mostram que ambos os indivíduos apresentaram casos de anomia, principalmente relacionados aos substantivos concretos, à subcategoria dos nomes próprios e aos numerais. Foi possível verificar também que, quando apresentavam casos de anomia, os dois participantes utilizaram-se com frequência de estratégias comunicativas. No que tange aos casos de parafasia, foi possível observar que na produção oral de ambos os participantes, os casos de parafasia morfêmica relacionados aos verbos e às palavras funcionais foram mais frequentes, se comparados com os outros tipos de parafasia. Nos casos de parafasia morfêmica dos verbos, observou-se uma dificuldade de referência de tempo ao passado, ao passo que, em relação às palavras funcionais, houve uma dificuldade de flexão de gênero.
A large number of studies in Neuropsychology and Aphasiology have analyzed language processing of individuals with aphasia. However, there is still the necessity of analyzing the oral production, with the purpose of improving the description of language disorders common to these aphasic patients and analyzing appropriate treatment for these individuals. Within this context, the present study aimed to investigate lexical access in two aphasic patients in spontaneous versus semi-spontaneous speech production through two distinct tasks: an Autobiographical Memory Interview as well as The Cookie Theft Picture Description Task with the focus on the linguistic phenomena that result of aphasia - anomia and paraphasia. In addition to that, we also looked at the types of communication strategies employed by these aphasic individuals in order to overcome language difficulties when communicating. The results show that both subjects presented cases of anomia, mainly related to concrete nouns, the subcategory of proper names and numerals. It was also verified that, when presenting anomia, the two participants used communication clues in order to overcome their language impairments. With regard to the cases of paraphasia, it was also observed that, in the oral production of both participants, cases of morphemic paraphasia related to verbs and function words were more frequent when compared with other types of paraphasia. When the cases of morphemic paraphasia were related to verbs, there was a difficulty associated with time reference to the past, whereas in relation to functional words there was a difficulty of bending genre.

Orientador: José Carlos Marques
Banca: Maximiliano Martin Vicente
Banca: Ary Jose Rocco Júnior
Resumo: Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar como o Sport Club Corinthians Paulista, tradicional clube esportivo fundado em seus Relatórios de Sustentabilidade, publicados desde 2009. O estudo presende verificar as intenções do Corinthians em publicar tais relatórios, tendo em vista que esta é uma prática de organizações com fins lucrativos, especialmente as empresas com ações em bolsa (como as Sociedades Anônimas - S/A), e algo incomum entre associações desportivas. A hipótese que se levanta é que a o Corinthians aproveita a credibilidade dos Relatórios de Sustentabilidade para vender a imagem de uma empresa moderna, organizada, transparente e socialmente responsável, enfatizando pontos positivos mesmo quando os fatos demonstram o contrário, além de utiliza-los como uma peça de divulgação para atrair novos patrocinadores e investidores. Para tanto, o corpus de análise são os Relatórios de Sustentabilidade de 2012 e 2013, anos que marcaram a história do clube devido a fatos que se contrapõem por seu caráter extraordinário. O ano de 2012 foi marcado por glórias inéditas, como as vitórias na Copa Libertadores da América e no Campeonato Mundial de Clubes FIFA em seu novo formato. Já o ano de 2013 foi evidenciado por tragédias inesperadas, como a morte de um torcedor boliviano durante partida do clube na Copa Libertadores da América e os acidentes que vitimaram operários na construção do novo estádio do Corinthians, que seria utilizado como um dos palcos da Copa do Mundo de 2014 no Brasil. Para verificar se houver equilíbrio entre as publicações, foram utilizadadas como metodologia a Análise de Conteúdo e os Princípios da GRI - Global Reporting Initiative, os quais definem parâmetros para assegurar o conteúdo e a qualidade do relatório, especificamente o Princípio do Equilíbrio
Abstract: This paper aims to analyze how the Sport Club Corinthians Paulista, tradicional sports club founded in 1910 in São Paulo (SP), has shown its accountability and transparency in its Sustainability Reports published since 2009. The study aims to verify Corinthians's intentions in publishing such reports, in views that this is a profit organizations' practice, especially companies with shares on Stock Exchange (such as Corporations - S/A), and something unusual among sports associations. The hypothesis is that Corinthians leverages the credibility of sustainability reports to sell the image of a modern enterprise, organized, transparent and socially reponsible, emphasizing good points even when the facts show the opposite, in addition to using them as part of disclosure to attract new sponsors and investors. Therefore, the analysis corpus are from 2012 and 2013. Sustainability Report, years that market the history of the club due to facts that are opposed by his extraordinary character. The 2012 year was market by unprecedented glory, as victories in the Libertadores Cup and FIFA Club World Championship in its new format. However the year 2013 was evidenced by unexpected tragedies, like the death of a Bolivian fans during the match in Libertadores Cup and accidents involving workers in the construction of the new stadium of Corinthians, which would be used as one of the 2014 World Cup stage in Brazil. To verify that there was balance among publications were used as methodology Content Analysis and the GRI principles - Global Reporting Initiative, which define parameters to ensure the content and quality of the report, specifically the Balance Principle
Mestre

In the last decades estrogens have been regarded as “male hormones” playing an important role controlling male reproductive function. However, the effect of estrogens regulating testicular function and the spermatogenic process it is not fully addressed. Estrogenic actions in target tissues, including testis, are mediated by hormone interaction with the classical estrogens receptors (ER and ER) and also via the membrane G-protein coupled receptor (GPR30/GPER). Ultimately, the estrogens alter the gene expression network in cells and tissues modulating its functioning. Male fertility relies on a successful spermatogenesis, which is dependent from the support of Sertoli cells (SCs), the somatic cells within seminiferous tubules (SeT). Apoptosis is a key event strictly maintaining the appropriate ratio between germ cells and SCs and, thus, it is crucial to maintain the spermatogenic output. It has been suggested that SCs play a crucial role controlling germ cells fate, by secretion of survival and death factors, which act on receptors in germ cells. These include the survival factor desert hedgehog (Dhh), the stem cell factor (SCF) and its receptor the c-kit, as well as the death factors Fas-Ligand (FasL) and Fas-receptor (FasR). It has been shown that estrogens regulate Dhh, SCF, c-kit, FasL and FasR expression in several other tissues. Therefore, we hypothesize that estrogens may influence germ cell survival or death in testicular cells by governing the expression of SCF, c-kit, FasL, FasR. In the present work rat SeT and SCs were cultured in presence or absence of 100nM of 17β-estradiol (E2), and the expression of the aforementioned factors was studied through real-time PCR and Western blot techniques. In addition, in order to start elucidating the molecular mechanisms by which the estrogenic effects are attained, SCs were cultured with E2 0,1nM and with 100nM of each ER specific agonist: G1, DPN and PPT, respectively, agonists for GPER, ERand ER. E2 down-regulated the c-kit expression while increasing expression of its ligand, SCF, both in SeT and SCs. The expression of Fas system, FasR and FasL was also increased in response to E2. No differences were found in Dhh expression between experimental groups. The expression of SCF and FasL in SCs was strongly increased by G1 stimulation indicating the involvement of GPRER. Our results demonstrated that the estrogenic stimulation may modulate germ cell apoptosis in a direct way or through altering germ cell:SCs communication, which could have a profound impact in male fertility, particularly in cases of hyperestrogenism.
Nas últimas décadas os estrogénios têm sido considerados hormonas masculinas, desempenhando um papel importante no controlo das funções reprodutivas masculinas. Contudo, o efeito dos estrogénios na regulação das funções testiculares ainda não está completamente abordado. As ações estrogénicas nos tecidos alvo, entre eles o testículo, são mediadas por interações hormonais com os recetores de estrogénios (ER e ER) clássicos e também através do recetor membranar associado à proteína-G (GPR30/GPER). Por fim, os estrogénios alteram a rede de expressão dos genes nas células e nos tecidos, modulando o seu funcionamento. A fertilidade masculina assenta numa espermatogénese bem sucedida, a qual é dependente do suporte das células de Sertoli (SCs), as células somáticas presentes nos túbulos seminíferos (SeT). A apoptose é o evento chave que mantem o ratio apropriado entre as células germinativas e as SCs e desta forma é crucial para manter a qualidade e quantidade do processo espermatogénico. Tem sido sugerido que as SCs desempenham um papel crucial no controlo do destino das células germinativas através da secreção de fatores de sobrevivência/morte, que atuam nos recetores nas células germinativas. Esses incluem o fator de sobrevivência Desert Hedgehog (Dhh), o Stem Cell Factor (SCF) e o seu receptor (c-kit), assim como os fatores de morte Fas Ligando (FasL) e o seu recetor (FasR). Tem sido demonstrado que os estrogénios regulam a expressão do Dhh, SCF, c-kit, FasL e FasR em diversos tecidos. Portanto colocou-se a hipótese de que os estrogénios podem influenciar a sobrevivência ou morte das células testiculares através do controlo da expressão dos referidos genes. Neste trabalho, SeT e SCs de rato foram colocados em cultura na presença ou ausência de 100nM de 17β-estradiol (E2), e a expressão dos fatores acima-citados foi estuda através das técnicas de Real-Time PCR e Western Blot. Além disso, para elucidar qual o mecanismo molecular pelo qual o efeito dos estrogénios é conseguido, SCs foram colocadas em cultura na presença de 100 nM E2 ou 100nM de agonistas específicos para cada um dos recetores: G1, DPN e PPT, respetivamente, agonistas para o GPER, ERα e ERβ. O E2 diminuiu a expressão do c-kit enquanto por sua vez expressão do seu ligando SCF aumentou. Não houve diferenças na expressão do Dhh entre os diferentes grupos experimentais. A expressão do SCF e do FasL nas SCs foi muito aumentada pela estimulação com G1 indicando o envolvimento do GPER. Os nossos resultados demonstram que a estimulação com estrogénios pode moldar a apoptose das células germinativas tanto de uma forma directa como através da alteração da comunicação entre as SCs e as células germinativas, podendo isto ter um profundo impacto na fertilidade masculina em especial nos casos de hiperesteroidismo.

In the twenty-fifth anniversary edition of Reading the Romance , Janice Radway offers a new introduction in which she states that women continue to be limited in their access to discursive spaces where they can participate and engage equally. This thesis argues that women have created their own discursive spaces, or safe spaces, to compensate for their restricted access to the public sphere through book clubs. By utilizing a critical ethnographic approach and feminist theory, this thesis analyzes the communal constructs and safe space of one book club in the Midwest U.S. This critical ethnography of this book club provides an important perspective because its members are both heterosexual and lesbian women, thus providing an intersectional perspective about this safe space. After six months of data collection, three themes emerged: current events, family and personal experiences. By analyzing these themes I was able to conclude that these women have constructed a safe space that protected and fostered them through difficult and challenging times and experiences while also giving them the place to safely be themselves by exploring nontraditional gender roles and sharing their identities.

Purpose: This study examines the classification accuracy and interrater reliability of a dynamic assessment (DA) of inferential word learning designed to accurately identify kindergarten through sixth-grade students with and without language disorder. Method: The participants included 127 school-age children from a mountain west school district who were administered a DA of inferential word learning that entailed a pretest, a teaching phase, an examiner rating of the child's ability to infer word meaning (modifiability), and posttests. Results: Hierarchical logistic regression and receiver operator characteristic (ROC) analyses revealed that combining all posttests, the modifiability total, and the final examiner judgement scores from this DA yielded the strongest sensitivity (.83) and specificity (.80). The static measures and the dichotomized final examiner judgement had excellent reliability; yet the individual modifiability measures (with the exception of disruption and frustration) had poor reliability. Conclusion: In concordance with a previous study, results indicate that a dynamic assessment of inferential word learning may be an efficacious method of identifying language disorders in school-age populations.

Background                      European football has during the past decades seen a fast development towards a more professionalized and commercialized climate. This had led to the fact that a lot of clubs are run like any other company, and the focus on marketing and market shares has increased. To be able to create a strong brand clubs have to put a lot of work into marketing, not only of their own brand, but of their sponsors and partners as well. Purpose                              The purpose of this study is to (in step 1) analyze how two smaller Swedish football clubs build their brand and work with their marketing communication. In step 2, the purpose is to create a model of how these clubs may work to develop their brand and marketing communication. Method                              With a qualitative approach, the authors of this paper have analyzed text and documents as well as performed two in-depth interviews. Findings                             Both clubs lack a well-developed strategy regarding their work with their brand and marketing communication. However, there are in both cases factors that, if developed correctly, could help build a stronger brand and better the marketing communication. One of these factors is the clubs’ work with social responsibility. Conclusion                         There is an importance of creating a strong internal identity in order to be able to position the club and define the offer towards different segments. Through this comes the possibility to create a strong strategy for marketing communication.

Dissertação apresentada à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Ciências da Comunicação, especialização em Relações Públicas.
Este trabalho faz parte de um estudo sobre as Relações Públicas (RP) na Internet num público específico: o do Futebol. Aborda o desafio que a Internet representa ou pode representar como meio de comunicação revolucionário e protagonista do novo mundo numa vasta rede e analisa o desafio que a mesma representa para as RP/Assessores de Imprensa, face aos órgãos de comunicação sociais tradicionais. Além de uma revisão bibliográfica às RP, à Internet e ao marketing desportivo, esta investigação tem como propósito identificar e constatar o impacto e as oportunidades originadas pela utilização da Internet na área das RP no futebol, neste caso, nos clubes que integram a primeira divisão da Liga Portuguesa de Futebol Profissional (LPFP) – a Sagres Liga 2008/2009. Queremos com isto dizer que se pretende averiguar até que ponto este novo meio de comunicação é trabalhado pelos clubes desportivos. O outro objectivo prende-se ao facto de querer analisar a situação dos profissionais no exercício das actividades de RP na condução de um meio de comunicação específico (Internet) para a consecução dos objectivos propostos, verificando, então, até que ponto a Internet é eficaz para o trabalho dos mesmos. Para realizar esta pesquisa científica, chegou-se à conclusão que era necessário desenvolver um estudo descritivo numa abordagem quantitativa, com entrevistas em forma de questionários às pessoas responsáveis pelo sector das RP das respectivas organizações, como método mais eficaz para nos apercebermos se nesta área a comunicação digital é uma ferramenta de relacionamento importante entre as organizações desportivas e os seus públicos. This investigation work is a part of a study on Public Relations (PR) in the Internet in a specific target field: Football. It approaches the challenge the Internet represents or may represent as a revolutionary media and its leading role in the vast network of the new world and analyses the challenge it represents to Public Relations/Press Assessors, as opposed to the traditional social media. In addition to reviewing selected bibliography on Public Relations, Internet and Sports marketing, this study aims to identify and demonstrate the impact and opportunities generated by the use of Internet in the Public Relations area, specifically in the clubs participating in the LPFP Portuguese major league – Liga Sagres 2008/2009. This means that we intent to analyse to what extent is this new media approached and handled by football clubs. The other purpose is to analyse the PR professionals’ proficiency in the performance of their PR activities while conducting a specific media (the Internet) for the accomplishment of their goals, thus verifying to what extent is Internet in fact efficient for their work. For this scientific research, we concluded that is necessary to develop a descriptive survey with a quantitative approach, whose method is the most effective for the understanding if and how digital communication constitutes an important relationship tool between sports organizations and their publics. We have used the questionnaire methodology in order to interview the RP managers of the several organizations. Ce travail fait partie d’une étude sur les Relations Publiques à l’Internet d’un public spécifique : celui du football. Ce travail aborde le défi que l’Internet représente ou peut représenter comme un moyen de communication révolutionnaire et protagoniste du nouveau monde dans un vaste réseau et analyse le défi qu’elle représente pour les RP/ Assesseurs de Presse par rapport aux media traditionnels. En plus d’une révision bibliographique aux RP, à l’Internet, au marketing sportif, cette recherche a comme but identifier et constater l’impact et les opportunités déclenchées par l’utilisation de l’Internet dans le domaine des RP du football dans ce cas, chez les clubs qui intègrent la première division de la Ligue Sagres 2008/2009. On veut dire avec ça qu’on prétend s’assurer jusqu’ à quel point ce nouveau moyen de communication est utilisé par les clubs sportifs. L’autre but c’est qu’on veut analyser la situation des professionnels dans l’exercice des activités de RP, en utilisant un moyen de communication (Internet) pour la consécution des objectifs proposés et vérifier jusqu’à quel point elle est efficace pour leur travail. Pour faire cette recherche scientifique on a conclu qu’il faudrait développer une étude descriptif avec une approche quantitative avec des interviewes sous la forme de questionnaires aux personnes responsables par le secteur des RP des organisations, comme la méthode la plus efficace pour savoir si, dans ce domaine, la communication digitale est un outil de rapports entre les organisations sportives et leurs publics.

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Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar como o Sport Club Corinthians Paulista, tradicional clube esportivo fundado em seus Relatórios de Sustentabilidade, publicados desde 2009. O estudo presende verificar as intenções do Corinthians em publicar tais relatórios, tendo em vista que esta é uma prática de organizações com fins lucrativos, especialmente as empresas com ações em bolsa (como as Sociedades Anônimas - S/A), e algo incomum entre associações desportivas. A hipótese que se levanta é que a o Corinthians aproveita a credibilidade dos Relatórios de Sustentabilidade para vender a imagem de uma empresa moderna, organizada, transparente e socialmente responsável, enfatizando pontos positivos mesmo quando os fatos demonstram o contrário, além de utiliza-los como uma peça de divulgação para atrair novos patrocinadores e investidores. Para tanto, o corpus de análise são os Relatórios de Sustentabilidade de 2012 e 2013, anos que marcaram a história do clube devido a fatos que se contrapõem por seu caráter extraordinário. O ano de 2012 foi marcado por glórias inéditas, como as vitórias na Copa Libertadores da América e no Campeonato Mundial de Clubes FIFA em seu novo formato. Já o ano de 2013 foi evidenciado por tragédias inesperadas, como a morte de um torcedor boliviano durante partida do clube na Copa Libertadores da América e os acidentes que vitimaram operários na construção do novo estádio do Corinthians, que seria utilizado como um dos palcos da Copa do Mundo de 2014 no Brasil. Para verificar se houver equilíbrio entre as publicações, foram utilizadadas como metodologia a Análise de Conteúdo e os Princípios da GRI - Global Reporting Initiative, os quais definem parâmetros para assegurar o conteúdo e a qualidade do relatório, especificamente o Princípio do Equilíbrio
This paper aims to analyze how the Sport Club Corinthians Paulista, tradicional sports club founded in 1910 in São Paulo (SP), has shown its accountability and transparency in its Sustainability Reports published since 2009. The study aims to verify Corinthians's intentions in publishing such reports, in views that this is a profit organizations' practice, especially companies with shares on Stock Exchange (such as Corporations - S/A), and something unusual among sports associations. The hypothesis is that Corinthians leverages the credibility of sustainability reports to sell the image of a modern enterprise, organized, transparent and socially reponsible, emphasizing good points even when the facts show the opposite, in addition to using them as part of disclosure to attract new sponsors and investors. Therefore, the analysis corpus are from 2012 and 2013. Sustainability Report, years that market the history of the club due to facts that are opposed by his extraordinary character. The 2012 year was market by unprecedented glory, as victories in the Libertadores Cup and FIFA Club World Championship in its new format. However the year 2013 was evidenced by unexpected tragedies, like the death of a Bolivian fans during the match in Libertadores Cup and accidents involving workers in the construction of the new stadium of Corinthians, which would be used as one of the 2014 World Cup stage in Brazil. To verify that there was balance among publications were used as methodology Content Analysis and the GRI principles - Global Reporting Initiative, which define parameters to ensure the content and quality of the report, specifically the Balance Principle

Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Mestre em em Ciências da Comunicação, com especialização em Marketing e Comunicação Estratégica.
Este estudo explora a utilização da Internet como um canal de comunicação e marketing pelos clubes que integraram a primeira divisão da Liga Portuguesa de Futebol Profissional (LPFP) – a Bwin Liga 2007/2008. Para isso, além de uma revisão bibliográfica à comunicação online e ao marketing desportivo, é proposta uma análise investigativa específica para o mercado dos websites dos clubes lusos. As avaliações são baseadas no método de observação heurístico através de uma grelha avaliadora do cibermarketing aos dezesseis portais que formam a amostra deste estudo. Essa grelha é resultado da adaptação de teorias de investigação de marketing na Internet – Beech et al. (2000), Nielsen e Tahir (2002) e Duyne et al. (2003) – para o universo corporativo online do século XXI e envolve trinta atributos considerados fundamentais para a estratégia de comunicação em linha. Esses atributos foram classificados em três categorias, nomeadamente: ‘Informação’, ‘Negócios (comércio e serviços)’ e ‘Relacionamento’. Além de verificar quais as ferramentas de comunicação presentes nos portais dos clubes portugueses de futebol, a metodologia aprofunda ainda a investigação às táticas de cibermarketing por meio de uma avaliação qualitativa a todos os itens atribuídos na grelha avaliadora. O objetivo desta pesquisa científica é identificar quais as ferramentas mais presentes na comunicação interativa dos ambientes web dos clubes portugueses da bola, com o intuito de tirar uma “fotografia” deste mercado no período da temporada 2007/2008. Além disso, pretendese estabelecer uma série de ações norteadoras para o sucesso na criação de uma presença online para um clube futebolístico português. No futuro, esperase, ainda, que este estudo e o seu método de investigação possam ser úteis para gestores de comunicação e marketing da área desportiva, e também investigadores do marketing online, em especial em websites desportivos. This study explores the use of the Internet as a way of communication and marketing by the clubs that take part in the first division of the Professional Portuguese Football League (LPFP) – Bwin League 2007/2008. For this, besides a bibliographic review on communication online and to marketing, a specific investigated analysis was done about the websites from the Portuguese clubs. The evaluations are based on the heuristic observation method by a cybermarketing evaluative check list of the sixteen websites which integrate this study. This check list is a result of an adaptation of online marketing investigation theories – Beech et al. (2000), Nielsen and Tahir (2002) and Duyne et al. (2003) – to the coorporative online universe on the 21st century and involves thirty atributes considerated essential to an online communication strategy. These atributes have been classified in three defined groups: ‘Information’, ‘Business (commerce and services)’ and ‘Relationship’. Besides verifying which communications tools are on the portugueses soccer clubs websites, the methodology goes deep on the investigation to the cybermarketing tactics through a qualitative observation of all items on the evaluate check list. The main objective of this scientific research is to identify which are the most used tools of interactive communication on the portugueses soccer clubs web enviroment, with the purpose of getting a wider picture of this market during the 2007/2008 season. Besides that, the author’s intention is to establish a series of actions to guide him on the creation of a portuguese soccer club online presence. In the future, the author hopes this study and its investigation method would contribute, in someway, to communication and marketing managers, specially on sports areas, also online marketing academic researchers and specially on sports websites investigation. Cette étude explore l'utilisation d'Internet comme un canal de communication et de commercialisation – marketing , par les clubs qui ont intégrée la première division de la Ligue Portugaise de Football Professionnel (LPFP) – Bwin la Ligue 2007/2008. Pour cela, en plus d'une revue de la littérature de la communication en ligne et de marketing sportif, est proposé une recherche pour le marché des websites des clubs lusitaniens. Les évaluations sont basées sur la méthode heuristique de l'observation, en utilisant une grille d'évaluation de cybermarketing des seize portails qui forment l'échantillon de cette étude. Cette grille est le résultat de l'adaptation des théories de recherche en marketing sur Internet Beech et al. (2000), Nielsen et Tahir (2002) et Duyne et al. (2003) à l'univers corporatif en ligne du siècle XXI et comporte trente attributs clé de la stratégie de communication en ligne. Ces attributs ont été classés en trois directrices, nommément: ‘Information’, ‘l'Entreprise (commerce et services)’ et ‘Relation’. En plus de vérifier ce que les outils de communication dans ce portails des clubs de football portugais, la méthodologie également approfondit l'étude de les tactiques du cybermarketing par une évaluation qualitative de tous les points attribués sur la grille d'évaluation. L'objectif de cette recherche scientifique est d'identifier ce que les derniers outils de communication interactif dans les environnements web des clubs de football portugais, dans le but de faire une "photo" de ce marché au cours de la saison 2007/2008. En outre, les recherches visant à établir un ensemble des actions guides de réussite dans la création d'une présence en ligne pour un club de football portugais. Dans l'avenir, il s’espère que cette étude et sa méthode d'enquête peuvent attacher valeur aux gestionnaires de communication et de marketing, en particulier dans les sports, et aussi les chercheurs du marketing en ligne, en particulier dans les websites sportifs.

This thesis examines how a new media technology becomes entrenched into the fabric of society – in particular how the mobile phone was incorporated into the existing communications landscape of a local voluntary community group: an Irish sports club. In the past, face-to-face interaction formed the basis of all social relations and strong local collectives were seen to provide a positive and supportive social environment, generating strong social capital. Today’s mediated communication enables the ‘networked individual’ who can choose when, where and with whom they share their lives. This has implications for the persistence and strength of local associations. Writers like Putnam (2000) have expressed concerns about the attenuation of local communities. However, others propose that communications technologies can provide new additional ways for individuals to link with each other in a ‘glocalised’ society (Hampton and Wellman, 2003) and this has the potential to overcome some of the limitations of the communicators not being in the same physical space. This thesis critically examines the applicability of these partly competing theses in the period in which mobile telephony became widely embedded in Irish society. Through 21 detailed interviews and a survey of 57 players, administrators and supporters, the study examines the choices made by club members in adopting and using the mobile phone. It further explores the changes they have made in their communication patterns and considers the implications of these for the cohesion and persistence of the community group as an entity and also the social capital it engenders. The study draws upon existing theories of human-technology interaction, in particular the Social Shaping of Technology perspective (Williams and Edge, 1996), to examine how club members weave their phone use into their everyday practices. Silverstone and Haddon’s (1996) Domestication approach, with its steps of appropriation, objectification and incorporation provide the detailed framework in mapping out this process. The study findings reveal that community members have all adopted the mobile phone and are heavy users of both text and voice calls. Membership of the sports club has eased the adoption process by providing examples of the artefact in use and a supporting environment when problems arise. Although use is now universal and intensive, there was a differential appropriation of the phone, with male club members being the first purchasers and females often being brought into the circle of users through a gifted or handed-down model. Users have devised strategies to manage their multiple overlapping sets of social relationship. They report that their use of technology has enabled a widening of their social circle while also bringing it closer, literally at the touch of a button. Contrary to the expectations of those analysts and policymakers who have foreseen technology causing local engagement to diminish, the clubs in my study have endured and are thriving; the social capital of their members is still strong and growing. This informs a critical reappraisal of such theories of community attenuation and the policies they have engendered.

Desde la raíz teórica de la comunicación corporativa estratégica, la presente investigación presenta un diagnóstico original sobre el estado de la comunicación corporativa y el marketing en clubes deportivos profesionales españoles. De forma consecutiva pretende señalar los principales retos que debe afrontar el sector para alcanzar la excelencia ¿ entendida como el reconocimiento positivo por parte de los distintos públicos y grupos de interés- así como la propuesta de un modelo de gestión para ambas disciplinas dentro de la naturaleza de una entidad deportiva. La metodología empleada es una combinación de técnicas cuantitativas y cualitativas ante un universo de estudio formado por las cincuentas seis entidades deportivas que integran la Liga y la ACB.
From the theoretical root of strategic corporate communication, this research presents an original diagnosis about the state of corporate communication and marketing in Spanish professional sports clubs. Consecutively, it aims to point out the main challenges that the sector must face in order to achieve excellence - understood as positive recognition by different publics and interest groups - as well as the proposal of a management model for both disciplines within nature of a sports entity. The methodology used is a combination of quantitative and qualitative techniques before a universe of study formed by the fifty-six sports entities that make up the Professional Football League and the Association of Basketball Clubs.

Purpose/Aim: To find power structures within the blog network. Material/Method: Using keywords to find all available blog posts about the National Defence Radio Establishment from the blog search engine Twingly, and thereafter using the same blog search engine to find inlinks from other blogs, to those posts. The data is set into the context of the small-world networks models of Duncan J. Watts and rich-club models of Sergi Valverde och Ricard V. Sole. Main results: 5183 unique blogs have written about the subject in 22779 blog posts to which 28128 inlinks from other blogposts are made. Just over one fifth of the blogs are linkted to each other in one big network, where the remaining blogs stand without any ingoing or outgoing links. The first bloggers are the one who continue to write for longer period of time and also the ones who attracts most inlinks. The blogosphere around this subject is highly connected, shows features as one would find in a small-world network, displays a power-law distribution for inlinks and is highly clustered around a few rich- club nodes.

Previous studies have shown that football is getting more commercial and together with increased digital possibilities football clubs can bypass traditional media and attract audience via their own media channels. With strategic communication and agenda setting as a theoretic background I wanted to investigate how Swedish top football clubs used their own media channels, what affected the media strategy of the big clubs in Sweden and how sports journalists perceived the football club’s communicative development. I choose AIK as a case and I observed them and sports journalists before, during and after the local derby against Djurgården. Furthermore, I analyzed AIK´s content in their own media channels and media’s coverage of AIK-Djurgården. Finally, I conducted qualitative interviews with representatives from AIK and three sport journalists at three Swedish newspapers. My study revealed that the AIK significantly planned and applied strategic content and messaging across their media channels, consistent with the techniques used by more mature and traditional media organizations. When it comes to access to the club and players there are tendencies and signs of less accessibility, but in general Swedish sport journalists see the Swedish Allsvenskan as open and not as commercial and controlled as the major European football leagues. In the end journalists believe that the material which is produced by AIK and the other big Stockholm clubs (Djurgården and Hammarby) can be seen as a compliment, but also a competitor to the material that media produce.

Corporate Social Responsibility has experienced an increase in attention within the academic literature in recent decades. CSR can be more specifically described as organizations' responsibility in regard to their societal impact. In 2017, Sweden introduced a new legal requirement in ÅRL based on EU directives that entailed stricter guidelines for sustainability reporting. The organizations' responsibility towards stakeholders has become an increasingly vital topic of discussion and the stakeholders' actions can consequently affect the successfulness of organizations. It is therefore necessary to tailor the communication of the CSR initiatives to the specific needs of stakeholder groups. An organization's transparency can pave the way for a favourable impact on the brand and improve the organizations' reputation and legitimacy. In order to gain a deeper insight into the motives behind organizations' CSR work, this study has examined three Scandinavian elite football clubs to clarify why they work with and communicate their CSR initiatives, as these organizations are not covered by the above-mentioned legal requirement. There is a need to apply the latest research at an international level to identify any restrictions or differences that may be beneficial for further research. The study has been carried out with the help of a theoretical framework, consisting of theories such as; Triple Bottom Line, The Pyramid of Corporate Social Responsibility, Legitimacy Theory and Stakeholder Theory. The study was conducted using a qualitative research format with an abductive research approach wherein empirical data was collected through semi-structured interviews and content analysis of digital platforms and reports. The study shows that CSR work within elite football clubs originally emerged as a trend. Genuine intentions to give back to society have developed, but CSR work has also been identified as an effective tool for creating legitimacy. The maintenance of the 'social contract' is in the spotlight and following societal expectations is especially important for elite football clubs. Satisfying stakeholders thus becomes vital and the study has clarified that there is a balance between genuine intentions and legitimacy.
Corporate Social Responsibility har under de senaste decennierna uppmärksammats allt mer inom den akademiska litteraturen. CSR kan mer specifikt beskrivas som organisationers ansvar för deras samhällspåverkan. I Sverige, år 2017, infördes ett nytt lagkrav i ÅRL baserat på EU-direktiv som medförde striktare riktlinjer för hållbarhetsrapportering. Organisationernas ansvar gentemot intressenter har blivit en allt viktigare diskussionsfråga och intressenternas handlingar kan i följd påverka organisationernas framgång. Att skräddarsy kommunikationen av sina CSR-initiativ till intressentgruppers specifika behov blir därav nödvändigt. En organisations transparens kan ge väg för en gynnsam påverkan på varumärket och förbättra organisationers rykte och legitimitet. Med syfte att få en djupare insikt kring motiven bakom organisationers CSR-arbete har denna studie undersökt tre skandinaviska elitfotfollsföreningar för att klargöra varför de arbetar med och kommunicerar ut sina CSR-initiativ, då dessa inte omfattas av ovannämnt lagkrav. Det finns ett behov att applicera den senaste forskningen på en internationell nivå för att fastställa eventuella inskränkningar eller skillnader som kan vara gynnsamma för vidare forskning. Undersökningen har genomförts med hjälp av ett teoretiskt ramverk, bestående av teorier som; Triple Bottom Line, The Pyramid of Corporate Social Responsibility, Legitimitetsteori och Intressentteori. Studien är kvalitativt inriktad med en abduktiv forskningsansats där empiri samlats in genom semistrukturerade intervjuer och innehållsanalys av digitala plattformar och rapporter. Studien visar på att CSR-arbete inom elitfotbollsföreningar grundläggande växt fram som en trend. Genuina intentioner om att ge tillbaka till samhället har utvecklats men CSR-arbetet har även identifierats som ett effektivt verktyg för legitimitetsskapande. Upprätthållandet av det ’sociala kontraktet’ ligger i fokus och att följa samhällsförväntningar blir särskilt viktigt för elitfotbollsföreningar. Att tillfredsställa intressenter blir därmed vitalt och studien har klargjort att det finns en balans mellan genuina intentioner och legitimitetsskapande.

The main objective of this thesis are proposals to improve the communication mix of college hockey club Cavaliers Brno based on analysis and evaluation of current communication mix of the organization. The theoretical part describes the theoretical background associated with that issues. The second part focuses on the characteristics of the company, SWOT analysis and especially current communication mix, which covers the last part of the work developed proposals to improving the current situation.

I denna uppsats redovisas en studie av hur svenska idrottsföreningar på landsbygden påverkas av de samhällsförändringar som intåget i det postmoderna samhället har medfört. Det studerade datamaterialet har samlats in genom kvalitativa intervjuer och därefter analyserats genom forskningsmetoden grundad teori. De informanter som deltagit i studien är alla själva verksamma inom idrottsklubbar på små orter, och denna uppsats ger en inblick i deras erfarenheter som förhoppningsvis kan bidra till en ökad kunskap om hur svenska idrottsföreningar på landsbygden kan komma att utvecklas inom de närmaste åren. Resultaten avslöjar att de studerade föreningarna upplever stora problem vid rekryteringen av såväl nya medlemmar som ideellt engagerade tränare och styrelseledamöter. Dessutom påvisar studien en pågående konflikt mellan stad och landsbygd som i synnerhet berör resursfördelning och politisk prioritering.
In this thesis, a study of how Swedish sports associations in rural areas are affected by the societal changes which the advent of the post-modern society has brought is declared. The studied data has been collected through qualitative interviews and thenceforth analyzed through the research method grounded theory. The informants who have participated in the study are all active in sports clubs in small villages themselves, and this thesis provides an insight in their experiences which hopefully can contribute to an increased knowledge about how Swedish sports associations in rural areas may develop in the next few years. The results reveal that the studied sports clubs experience severe problems in the recruitment of new members as well as voluntary trainers and members of the board. Moreover, the study proves an ongoing conflict between urban and rural areas which in particular concerns allocation of resources and political priority.

There are numerous projects developed by non-governmental organizations promoting peace and international understanding. There are numerous people involved who use their time off volunteering for a cause. However, centenary organizations like Rotary International still have a low degree of notoriety. This thesis is presented in form of case study, unveils outlines of what Rotary is and its main challenges: aging membership and the reduced level of public recognition. To take a representative picture of what is happening in various international clubs 47 surveys were conducted in geographically different clubs. Then, it was created a case study based on these data and also my knowledge of the movement, as a member, participant in various conferences, congresses, seminars, workshops and district councils, as well as conversations and interviews with Rotarians. The suggested approach in solving the case will make it possible to come into direct contact with representatives from Rotary, knowing their actions at the source and have a chance of “being one of them” suggesting strategies for the problems presented, by creating a plan of action to conquer new members and communicate the concept in their community properly.
São inúmeros os projetos desenvolvidos por organizações não governamentais em prol da paz e da compreensão mundial. São inúmeras as pessoas envolvidas e que tomam o seu tempo livre como voluntários por uma causa. Porém, organizações centenárias como o Rotary Club continuam a ter um reduzido grau de notabilidade. Esta tese em forma de Estudo de Caso, dá a conhecer linhas gerais do que é Rotary, e alguns dos seus principais desafios: envelhecimento do quadro social e pouco nível de reconhecimento público. De modo a ter um panorama representativo do que acontece em vários clubes internacionais, foi realizado inquéritos a 47 clubes. Em seguida, foi criado um caso de estudo baseado nestes dados e também no meu conhecimento do movimento, enquanto integrante, participante em várias conferências, congressos, seminários, workshops e conselhos distritais, bem como em conversas e entrevistas a rotários. A abordagem proposta na resolução do caso fará com que seja possível entrar em contacto direto com representantes de Rotary, conhecer na fonte as suas ações e “estar no seu lugar” sugerindo estratégias adequadas para os problemas apresentados, criando um plano de ação que visa conquistar novos membros e comunicar melhor o conceito na comunidade.

I performed a secondary analysis of existing data and determined that when interacting with physicians during primary care visits for chronic illness treatment, patients using opioids are less likely to continue presenting concerns designed to reinforce their social and emotional uniqueness during the second half of primary care visits when physicians provide empathic support of their concerns in the first half of visits.

I am fascinated by the men who visit the strip clubs of Hindley Street in Adelaide. In other words, I observe male spectators who look at naked women performing an alluring act for their pleasure. Such a scene represents sexual difference at an extreme level particularly as the night progresses and the men get drunker becoming themselves a part of the performance. Strippers manipulate mens desires and fantasies and parody, through their routine, the male in the act of sex. And as men watch men watching women perform, I suggest men are actually sharing their sexual experiences with each other, raising questions about assumptions of ???heterosexual??? desire associated with why men go to strip clubs, as gender boundaries blur and become ambiguous.
The focus of my research has involved positioning myself as a member of the audience in three strip clubs along Hindley Street a clothed woman in a male dominated space dedicated to the representation of nudity and sex. In conducting my research, I have relied upon a methodological approach loosely based both on ethnographic and the action research models with the aim of using the understandings gained through this to inform my visual art practice, which includes photographic images, staged settings and installation. I consider my artwork to be a form of experimentation through which I explore issues of sexuality, power, sexual transgression and gender difference within strip clubs creating provocative scenes which position viewers as voyeurs.
My thesis as the totality of the artefacts and exegesis which form the outcomes of this research draws on critical and cultural theory concerned to explore pornography, with particular reference to masculine fantasy and desire. I also make reference to a number of contemporary visual artists who question these same issues through their works.
My project questions why men go to strip clubs, and involves speculation as to whether this choice actually entails a rejection by such men of aspects of their own masculine identity, or reflects a need to detach themselves from the physical act of sex with women, or perhaps simply reveals their reliance upon fantasy, titillation and suspense as a form of sexual pleasure. Using a play of gender roles based on a reversal of performative aspects of the scenario of the strip club, I hope the artefacts created in the course of this research will provoke viewers into exploring unsettling questions and issues and reflect an image of men as being both complex and vulnerable, rather than dominant and in control. Through constructed installation spaces involving photographic images of empty strip clubs, men and women, along with smell, lighting and sound I attempt to set the stage for a performance upon and about sexual desire and difference.
Thesis (MVisualArts)--University of South Australia, n.d.

“SERÁ O MARKETING DE GUERRILHA, UMA ESTRATÉGIA INFLUENTE NO FUTURO DA COMUNICAÇÃO DESPORTIVA?” Com a realização desta Dissertação de Mestrado, pretendo decifrar a pergunta em cima mencionada. Irei investigar se o Marketing de Guerrilha, em conjunto com o Marketing Viral, serão ou não, ferramentas de comunicação que influenciarão positivamente o futuro da comunicação relacional de todos os Clubes de Futebol Nacionais. Numa época em que os orçamentos destinados às estratégias de marketing são cada vez mais reduzidos por parte dos clubes é importante e obrigatório rever e redefinir estratégias que apostem em cenários mais criativos, económicos e virais. Neste contexto menciono que este tipo de conceitos são muito mais económicos em termos financeiros, geram uma maior visibilidade e permitem que a mensagem chegue ao target de forma direta e ativa. Incentivam positivamente o sócio a integrar-se na própria comunicação e o mesmo poder dinamizar / partilhar a mensagem entre todos os seus amigos e utilizadores. Na minha teoria, estas ações fazem falta nas estratégias dos Clubes. É certo que já as fazem e bem na maioria das vezes, mas poderiam intensificar ainda mais este tipo de ações. Esta investigação, para além dos questionários, adotou também na sua metodologia, entrevistas (estudos de caso), onde foram observados quatro clubes nacionais: O Atlético Clube de Portugal, o Grupo Desportivo Estoril Praia, o Sport Lisboa e Benfica e o Sporting Clube de Portugal. Com as entrevistas e a resultante análise de dados tentarei provar que o Marketing de Guerrilha é uma tendência e se será ou não uma ferramenta que poderá influenciar positivamente a comunicação da maioria dos clubes, levando à posteriori, que os mesmos consigam alcançar todos os seus objetivos.
“Will be the guerrilla marketing an influent strategy in the future of the sports communication?” The intent of this master's degree is to find the answer for the above question. I will investigate if the guerrillas marketing together with the Viral Marketing are really useful tools of communication and can influence positively the future of the relational communication between the National Football clubs. At a time when budgets of the football clubs for marketing strategies are increasingly shorter, is important and mandatory reconsider and redefine the budgets, and search for creative, economic and viral scenarios. In this context, I affirm that this concepts are economic, creates much more visibility and the message reach directly and active the target. The members are positively incentivated to integrate the communication and dinamize / share the message among all your friends and users. In my master's degree, this actions are a lack in the clubs strategy. Sometimes they do it, and well done, but they can intensify much more this type of actions. In this investigation was about four national clubs, where i use the questionnaires, and adopted the methodology of the interview (case studies). The clubs are Atlético Clube de Portugal, Grupo Desportivo Estoril Praia, Sport Lisboa e Benfica and Sporting Clube de Portugal. The analysis result from the interviews, i will try to prove that the guerrilla marketing is a tendency or a tool to influence positively the way to communicate in the clubs, leading to later that they can achieve all their goals.

Através do presente estudo pretende-se compreender a importância das estratégias de comunicação, levadas a cabo por parte dos clubes portugueses da primeira liga de futebol, Sport Lisboa e Benfica e Sporting Clube de Portugal, na plataforma Instagram, quanto ao seu impacto no conhecimento das marcas que os patrocinam, nos seus adeptos. Este estudo, focar-se-á numa vertente do impacto das publicações e patrocínios exercidos por parte das duas entidades desportivas para com o seu público. Como forma a obter dados que possibilitem uma análise e posteriormente resultados em conformidade com o objetivo traçado para o estudo, a recolha de dados empíricos passará por uma recolha e análise mista, querendo desta forma significar que será feita uma recolha de dados quantitativos através de um questionário online destinado a respostas por parte de utilizadores de redes sociais online, assim como a obtenção de dados qualitativos através da realização de entrevistas a profissionais da área da comunicação desportiva portuguesa, nomeadamente na área do futebol. Através do método de recolha dos dados empíricos apresentados, completando com a componente teórica a desenvolver ao longo do estudo, pretende-se alcançar dessa forma conhecimento relativamente à realidade das estratégias de comunicação dos dois clubes mencionados, e o impacto nos adeptos e seguidores das páginas oficiais dos clubes nas redes sociais online, com destaque para o Instagram.
This study aims to understand the importance of communication strategies, carried out by the portuguese clubs of the first football league, Sport Lisboa e Benfica and Sporting Clube de Portugal, on the Instagram platform, as to their impact on the knowledge of the brands that sponsor them, by their supporters. This study will focus on an aspect of the impact of the posts and sponsorship exercised by the two sports entities towards their public. In order to obtain data that will enable an analysis and later results in accordance with the objective outlined for this study, the collection of empirical data will involve a mixed collection and analysis, meaning that quantitative data will be collected through an online questionnaire for answers by users of online social networks, as well as obtaining qualitative data through interviews with professionals in the field of portuguese sports communication, particularly in the area of football. Through the method of collecting the empirical data presented, completing with the theoretical component to be developed throughout the study, it is intended to achieve knowledge regarding the reality of the communication strategies of the two clubs mentioned and the impact on fans and followers of the official pages of the clubs on online social networks, especially Instagram.

Thesis title: Social Networks as an Essential Part of the Gambrinus league's Marketing Communication Objective Main objective of this thesis is creation of marketing manual on various social networks intended for marketing communication of the Gambrinus league. It is supposed to provide flexibly applicable tool representing communication manual for clubs of primary football league in the Czech Republic. As partial objectives of this work are stipulated analysis and assessment of individual clubs' official Facebook profiles and their development. Further objectives are identification and compilation of overview representing other platforms of social networks and its evaluation considering their potential benefits for marketing communication of the Gambrinus league. Methodology Qualitative and quantitative methods of marketing research were used for the purposes of presented thesis. Qualitative methods comprehend expert dialogue, case study and observation. As qualitative research methods were applied statistical data analysis and development study. Results The communication manual for the Gambrinus league on social networks was completed and in detail described in separate chapter of this dissertation. It is for the most part based on solutions which were presented in the analytical part of this...

The thesis deals with the importance of modern information communication technologies (ICT) in the lives of active seniors. The theoretical part of the thesis deals with biological, psychological and social topics of aging as the basic demarcation of the present conception of the old age issue. It follows up the information and computer literacy, the methods and forms of the education of seniors considering the acquisition of knowledge and skills within using modern means of communication. In the practical part of the thesis the quantitative research has been interpreted, the goal of which was to find out the importance of ICT for active seniors, the frequency and the rate of using means of technology. At the end of the thesis there are the results of the research discussed how they influence the quality of life of active seniors and as possible forms of communication for informing seniors about cultural events and their acquisition in social life.