Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Communisme – Roumanie'
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Cârneci, Magda. "Discours du pouvoir, discours de l'image : l'art roumain pendant le régime communisme." Paris, EHESS, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997EHES0018.
Full textRusu, Petru Claudiu. "La construction et l’instrumentalisation de l’idée nationale pendant le régime communiste de Roumanie, 1948-1971." Thesis, Paris 4, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA040237.
Full textThe perception of the human community built by the writer Ayn Rand integrated the principle that a culture cannot exist without a permanent stream of ideas, without the "independent minds" to support it, as a human being has an imperative need for a reference space, a comprehensive view of existence - no matter how rudimentary, providing the components of a social consciousness, arguing good and bad, justifying actions and a code of intrinsic values. This assumption generates the research hypotheses of our thesis, the general epistemic level aiming at identifying the functional scale inherent to the totalitarian/Marxist-Leninist regime in Romania, involved in structuring the intellectual environment and instilling a new national identity and tailored to the referential ideological principles. To that end, the basic interrogations propose a less studied topic in the area of historiography regarding the political and cultural post-war context: was there an identitary discourse comprised by the "new socialist culture" built by communist ideology? Did the differentiation of the official schematic discourse characterized by an intelligible simplicity for the proletarian masses, give the theoretical discourse on the idea of nation, nationalism, national community characteristics and cultural traditions, the extension/application of the defining ideological prerequisites? The standards of the intellectual milieu caused by the totalitarian and destructive effects of the "dictatorship of the proletariat", placed in contrast with the cultural and scientific values of the democratic regimes, implemented a behavioral model dependent on the political interests of the party-state. Thus, our thesis will reconstruct the institutional framework for the creation of the nationalist-identitary discourse, will analyze the formative stages and recurring themes, the patterns of conceptual transformation of the key phrases extracted from the national phenomenon plethora will render the relationship between the actors involved in the construction of national identity
Corpadean, Adrian-Gabriel. "Le rôle de la diaspora roumaine de France dans le soutien du message européen de la Roumanie après 1945." Thesis, Cergy-Pontoise, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012CERG0613.
Full textThe topic of the Romanian diaspora is of major importance in current historical research, given the fact that the level of preoccupation for this significant and constantly active segment of the Romanian population has recently witnessed a series of major events. Hence, from the perspective of historical research, it becomes chiefly necessary to retrace the roots of this veritable phenomenon, represented by the creation of an identity for the Romanian diaspora, in order to assess the evolution of this group, the relations within this community and with its adoptive countries, as well as the existence of a vision shared by the exile. Given the fact that the time of the Two Europes, when the break between the West and the communist bloc often proved to be impossible to overcome, marked the most notable activity of the Romanian diaspora and the one of East-Central Europe in general, it becomes necessary to undergo some thorough research in this regard. Such an endeavour has the ability to further the very complex analyses of communism, focusing on social and political aspects within Romania, or on the position of this state on the stage of international affairs between 1945 and 1989. Nevertheless, the dispersion of the Romanian exile during the totalitarian period was immense, which makes research on this phenomenon, taken as a whole, not only difficult, but also, to some extent, too general and superficial. On the other hand, for us, it was essential to find and justify the existence of a core of the Romanian diaspora, built on undeniable historical and cultural grounds and upheld by a long-lasting tradition. In fact, given the complex data identified, the remarkable biographies of prominent personalities who shaped modern Romanian thinking and its culture, as well as the powerful messages heard at a continental scale between 1945 and 1989, it is France that emerged as the true centre of an exile which became representative of a Romanian nation under communist oppression, but more self-aware than ever before, at the level of its elites. Having narrowed the research question to a clearly-defined, albeit extremely complex, space and segment, our endeavour was constantly focused on the analysis of information that would ensure a high degree of originality. In fact, the topic of the Romanian diaspora seeking refuge in France has not been the topic of any historical thesis so far, which has marked a visible lack in the analyses of the particularly broad phenomenon of the Romanian exile. Nevertheless, the availability of ever more prominent materials on the life, activity and message of those personalities that were part of this category, such as biographies, personal and public archives, as well as complex studies on relevant subjects, paves the way for quality and deeply innovative research. The use of the French language for this thesis becomes a fruitful opportunity which broadens the horizon of access to valuable information, from the very area where the target group of our research was active. This is significant all the more because the sources our thesis relies on can be found in major French libraries and those of other western countries, whilst the papers and documents discovered in Romania are meant to complete an overall picture of this triangle of relations between the Romanian diaspora in France - perceived as a united front -, its adoptive nation and its country of origin
Mateoniu, Maria. "La mémoire refuge : l'orthodoxie et le communisme au monastère de Saint-Nicolas, Roumanie." Thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/24025/24025.pdf.
Full textSeverin, Irina. "La danse roumaine au pas cadencé : étude socio-historique de l’espace chorégraphique roumain au vingtième siècle (1920-1989)." Thesis, Paris 10, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA100023.
Full textStarting from archives of dancers, choreographers, cultural and political institutions, this study shapes the history of the romanian field of dance since its creation in the early 1920s until the end of the communist regime in 1989. its main focus is an analysis of the complex connection between dance and politics that defines the romanian world of dance during the twentieth century
Adam, Robert. "National-populisme en Roumanie. Tradition et renouveau post-communiste." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/225813.
Full textThe theme we intend to investigate in this dissertation is populism as an ideology with its embodiments throughout the world, in Europe and most of all in Romania, where its vast developments have been in our view insufficiently explored until now. The hypothesis we submit and which we shall try to validate by our research is that Romanian populism is not recent or freshly imported, but it is deeply rooted in history and its evolutions are of undoubted academic interest. The deep, thorough examination of specialized bibliography revealed us a limited interest for the Romanian variants of populism. The international bibliography on Romanian populism is far from extensive (Ghiţă Ionescu, Aurel Braun, Vladimir Tismăneanu, all of Romanian origin, are now the quotable references). In Romania, the research is not abundant either, but over the ten last years some individual aspects of the topic have been investigated. Our approach is threefold. A first theoretical chapter aims to questioning and clarifying the notion of populism itself. We set off in search of populism making use of Margaret Canovan and Guy Hermet’s methodology. We have thus ventured to trace back the concept’s history (Russian narodniki, American populists, East-European agrarianisms in-between the world wars, Latin-American and Western European populisms after WWII. The taxonomic study was accompanied by a review of local contexts having generated the avatars of populism on four continents. We have subsequently drawn a state-of-play of the research on populism as a concept in order to come up with our own definition which integrates elements owed to Jaguaribe, Hermet, Albertazzi & Mc Donnel, Laclau.On the solid ground of the definition, we have reviewed the relationships between populism and the diverse variants of nationalism, focusing on the national-populism first theorized by Gino Germani. National-populism is to be widely encountered in Central and Eastern Europe and undoubtedly in Romania. We have insisted on the specificities and variables (time, existence of a charismatic leader) of populism in this region, by recounting in the manner of Hermet the political history of these countries (Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Slovakia) with special regard to movements rightly or wrongly considered as populist. The first chapter sets the framework of the second one, which brings about a panorama of the Romanian populist avatars from its origins to the start of WWIII. We have mostly made use of Romanian sources (monographs of ideological trends, biographies, historical studies, collections of magazines and newspapers, documents from the archives).Populism has been a constant presence in Romania, since the beginnings of the country’s political modernity in the 19th century. The peasant problem represents the matrix of Romanian populism and the review of the foreseen solutions to solve it represents the unifying thread of this chapter. We have proceeded to an inventory :modernizing state populism à la Peron (prince Cuza), Gherea’s socialism with the peasantry seen as the rearguard of the proletariat, left bourgeois radicalism (Stere and his poporanism), Romanticist & revivalist populism (Iorga and his sămănătorism), late boulangisme (General Averescu), agrarianism with the underlying cooperatist doctrine (National Peasant Party of Maniu and Mihalache), but also the Iron Guard’s deviant fascism, which targeted rural areas as well. All these political projects illustrated the failure of populism to address the problems of Romanian society on its way to modernity. The third chapter deals with the populist revival in Romania after the fall of communism in 1989. An analysis of Nicolae Ceauşescu’s national-communism enables us to identify many factors having shaped the Romanian society of 1989. National-populism enjoyed massive success in post-communist Romania. We took advantage of international (De Waele, Tismăneanu), but also local research and explored speeches, press items, polls, electronic archives.Particular attention was paid to Corneliu Vadim Tudor’s Greater Romania, the typical case which we studied. Other parties (PNUR, George Becali’s NGP, Dan Diaconescu’s People’s Party, the feeble heirs to the Legionary Movement) were reviewed, only to conclude to their doctrinal shallowness and weak electoral impact. We have come to the conclusion that Romania’s post-communist national-populism is based on the legacy of national-communism and only marginally on the heritage of Romania’s interwar populisms. Targeting the losers of transition, these parties failed to achieve major success. Two of their leaders ended up in prison, a third one is dead, so the populist path seems momentarily shut, though it has managed a recent breakthrough into the discourse of mainstream parties. Our dissertation closes on an end note which may well prove a new beginning.
Doctorat en Sciences politiques et sociales
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Tanase, Laurentiu. "Les Nouveaux mouvements religieux en Roumanie de la chute du communisme à aujourd'hui." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005STR20067.
Full textThe Fall of the communist regime in Europe, in 1989, along with the changes that followed, brought about a redefinition of the socio-political relationships, triggering important reactions at the religious level as well. Romania, a former communist country, with a Christian Orthodox tradition, provides ground for a sociological study of the religious evolution in Eastern Europe. In order to define the type of religious modernity that has been built in Romania following 1989, we have considered the level of Romania's religious pluralisme, by studying the presence of the new religious movements. This thesis is structured in three parts, accordingly : 1) the genesis of the religious field in Romania ; 2) the dynamics of the religious life following 1989 ; 3) the effects of the religious pluralism. As a result of our study, we have come to be the conclusion that a modernity based on the free market criteria is being constructed in Romania. However, at the same time, there is also a conflict between the market logic and the monopolistic logic, which generates a solw evolution and a relative and unusual secularization
Cercel, Cosmin Sebastian. "Le droit saisi par la politique : l'expérience communiste roumaine." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010265.
Full textYoon, Duk-Hee. "Deux cas de national-communisme la Roumanie et la Corée du Nord /." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376109095.
Full textYoon, Duk-Hee. "Deux cas de national-communisme : la Roumanie et la Corée du nord." Paris 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA010255.
Full textBocancea, Cristian. "Le système politique roumain en transition." Toulouse 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997TOU1A037.
Full textAt the end of the Second World War, Romania has arrived in the socialist camp, in expecting on Americans’ arrival. A new society and a political system of sovietic model were built in this way during four decades. In the context of the European communism breakdown, the Romanians have succeeded also them in banish from power the Ceausescu’s clan, in the end of 1989, as a result of a revolution much mediated, but so much more mysterious. His political project overtook all the anticommunist movements in course of unrolling in central and Eastern Europe. The changes of political regime, with its institutional structure, the change of the economic system and, in the end, the change of political, economic and cultural behaviour were the aims of Romanian revolution. After the breakdown of Ceausescu’s regime, the Romanians have been into a new economic, social and political situation: the post-communist transition. It can be defined as a process of societal learning, unrolled in the transitional period from the East-European socialism to the western capitalism. Without the benefit by a "certified" model of history, the post-communist transitions will necessary have two dimensions: "external" transition (which consists in the whole of the structural-functional adjustments in the mondial system) and "internal" transition (consisting in the functional assimilation of the economic and political forms imported from west). At the level of its institutions and of the political mechanisms, at present, Romania is in the "post-transition" stage because it reproduces the model of western democracies. The process of "internal" transition is also at its beginnings. For the moment, the western institutional forms cohabit with communist those, behaviour and mentalities. At the appointment of western political forms with the spirit of Romania’s recent past, we see coming into being a new political synthesis
Ofrim, Dorina Maria. "La Roumanie postcommuniste au prisme des théories de la transition démocratique." Thesis, Bordeaux 4, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR40059/document.
Full textThe central issue of this thesis concern post communist Romania and deals with the Romaniandemocratic transition regard to democratic transition theories. Part of the democratic transitionwave that experimented counties of Central and Eastern Europe, Romania is the only country toexperiment a violent regime change and a democratic transition known to be the longest and themost twisting. The thesis presents a general typology of democratic transition theories existingbefore and after 1989. The first theories attempt to identify the transition’s factors with centredapproaches either on structures or on actors. The latter emphasises the uncertainty inherent to anytransition, as well as on the actor’s rational choice. The confrontation of the Romanian case to thetransition theories is a test of the validity of different approaches and underlines the specific of theroute that Romania followed to escape communism. The thesis, which stresses both the genesisand the complex process of Romania’s transition, highlights the limitations of democratictransition theories, those before 1989 as well as those after 1989 in explaining the Romaniantransition process, thus demonstrating the complexity of the Romanian case
Plamadeala, Cristina. "Methods and motivations behind the collaboration and resistance of secret informers with the Securitate in Communist Romania (1945-89)." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019EHES0099.
Full textWorking primarily with Securitate files, currently stored at the National Council for the Study of Securitate Archives (CNSAS), located in Bucharest and Popesti-Leordeni, Romania, this thesis explains the various terror mechanisms the Securitate, Romania’s secret police during the country’s communist period, employed in order to gain recruits and employ them as part of its surveillance network. Although the thesis discusses the entire communist period in Romania, it places significant emphasis on the last two decades of communism (1965-89), when Nicolae Ceauşescu was in power. This thesis introduces and discusses the following two concepts— psuchegraphy and dossierveillance—described herein as two terror methods applied by the Securitate to obtain informers and compel them to collaborate. The former mentioned concept entailed collecting biographical data Securitate’s targets that would give one sufficient clues about a person’s core beliefs, personality, character, and identity, all with the scope of getting to know that which Securitate referred to in its files as a person’s vulnerable points. This thesis shows that this kind of analysis was a precursor to recruitment of the members of the Securitate’s surveillance network. The latter aforemetioed method of terror stresses the role of technology and documentation in surveillance practices and their use for recruitment of informers and management of the population by maintaining it in a sense of dread and fear. The ‘dossier in dossierveillance, loosely defined in this thesis as the technology that the Securitate employed to place its targets under surveillance, represented one of the Securitate’s most effective “disciplinary” tools (Foucault 1975) through which it managed to instill fear in people. This thesis also describes the outcome of enforcing such mechanisms on a nation, amassing to a phenomenon described here as the banalization of evil, a term that builds on the work of Hannah Arendt on the banality of evil. Lastly, this thesis revists the subject of lustration and transitional justice and explores how the new scholarship discussed in the thesis may further contribute to understanding and treating the subject of collaboration in a post-communist context in Romania
Marin, Gabriel. "Mémoire, histoire et identité en Roumanie postcommuniste : les manuels scolaires d'histoire des Roumains (1989-2004)." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/17846.
Full textToma, Ioana. "Câmp politic-Câmp literar." Artois, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ARTO0009.
Full textThe present work focuses on the functioning of the romanian literary field under communism and on the intricate relations existing between intellectual status, professional position and socio-economical situation and governing the intra- and extra- literary interactions. Instead of seeking to provide another invcentory of the acts of resistance or culpability, it circumscribes writers' choices by connecting them to the action possibilities within the field it self. By resorting to methods pertaining to literary sociology and social history, this research traces back the institutional landscape of literary in order to reveal the force as well as the limits of a mobilizing project and to estimate the cultural sibjects' range of freedom of action. By pursuing this investigation, this study challenges several approcaches which keep a tautological discourse about the past? The socio-comprehensive approach is thus destined to explain the paradox of subordinating the arts while allowing the certain independance and to identify the strategies of intellectual professionnalization which, whthout leading directly to politicization, are nevertheless influenced by state centralization
Gussi, Alexandru. "Usages du passé et démocratisation : le rapport des partis politiques roumains à la période communiste." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2007. https://spire.sciencespo.fr/notice/2441/5402.
Full textThe starting point of our research was the determining role played by the relationship with the communist past for the identity-building of each political party in transition to democracy. Our chief hypothesis was that the relationship to the totalitarian past gave the organizing principle of the party-system in Romania after 1989. Even more so, we discovered that for the period starting with 2001 our hypothesis was still valid. We followed the history of the split around the “past”-question guided by several interrogations : How is the “past”-question related to a vision of the future ? What is the historical depth behind this split ? Finally, could this split be overcome ? Thus, Romanian political struggle basically overlaps with two competing images of the past, a positive and a negative evaluation of the totalitarian regime. Political choices of the Romanian state throughout this period were the result of this competition. The objects of our research were the party gathered around Ion Iliescu, today called PSD, and the party of the anti-communists, called CDR. The absence of a common evaluation of the communist experience resulted from the lack of an initial founding agreement. Finally, the ambiguity of the official position to the “past”-question emphasizes the problematical integration of democratic values by the Romanian political elite and more largely by the Romanian society
Gherghisan, Dragomir Lucia. "Une institution littéraire entre exigences artistiques et commande politique : l'Union des Ecrivains de Roumanie à l'époque communiste." Paris, EHESS, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005EHES0019.
Full textFounded in 1949 following the soviet model, the romanian Writers Unions has, during the communism, a very irregular trajectory due as well to political as to literary factors. In order to guarantee its survival, the institution has to play the role of an intermediary between the artistic exigencies of its members and the political commands. This role is not easy, particulary because of the fact that the institution's evolution is influenced by the internal divisions due not only to political constraint but also to the specificity of the literary struggles. Created by the communist party and conceived as a "center for struggle" against everything that opposes its ideology, the Writers Union became, during the communist period, a "center of struggles" of its own members for the key positions in the literary field
Perianu, Maria-Catrina. "Politiques et pratiques alimentaires pendant la dernière décennie communiste de Roumanie." Thesis, Bordeaux 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BOR21697.
Full textThis thesis intends to analyse the peculiar hiatus between the Estate normative constraints exerted on and the everyday practices of the Romania’s inhabitants during the eighties. With this aim in view, we have formulated the principal hypothesis of this research, as follows: the food practices of the actors resemble a genuine resistance culture facing the nutritional policies of the Romanian last communist decade. Based on the theoretical approach of the political space of health (in this case, of food), proposed by Didier Fassin, this study will be built upon three axis, which form the abovementioned space: the bodies’ government by food (“Gouverner et nourrir”, “Rule and feed”), the medical power and its limitation confronted with the communist Estate’s authority ( “Médicalisation de la nourriture”, “Physicians and food” ), the social disparities toward the food (“ Stratégies de ravitaillement et pratiques alimentaires “, “ Supplies strategies and food practices”) respectively. This research has been conducted on the basis of an approach that brings together the macro-anthropologist analysis (dissection of legislative acts, of medical treaties of that period, concerning the nutrition, of official daily, periodical or specialty papers), and the microanthropologist analysis ( observation of everyday food practices, interviews, scientifically accredited collection of people stories) as well
Gillet, Olivier. "L'Eglise orthodoxe et l'Etat communiste roumain, 1948-1989: étude de l'idéologie de l'Eglise orthodoxe :entre traditions byzantines et national-communisme." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212518.
Full textDoctorat en Histoire, art et archéologie
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Popescu, Alina-Georgiana. "Les films étaient en couleur mais la réalité était grise… : la censure dans la cinématographie roumaine sous Nicolae Ceaușescu (1965-1989)." Thesis, Paris 10, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA100070.
Full textThis PhD project focuses on the study of censorship as a socio-political process, revealing the individual and institutional logics that conjugate in the process of filmmaking. The research analyzes the period 1965-1989, which is the "Nicolae Ceauşescu era", remarkable for the amount of censored films.In conducting my research, I dedicated the first part of the work to the analysis of the Romanian cinematography organization, considered in the political, social and economic context, from the 2nd World War until the fall of the Communist regime. Particular attention is paid here to the evolution of culture control institutions and to the discourses, especially those of the Communist Party leaders, which shape the standards of the film production. In order to understand various possible forms of censorship, I then approached an intermediate level of analysis, that of institutions. Thus, I identified and analyzed several structures such as production studios, the Filmmakers’ Association, Radio Free Europe and the political police, whose censorial functions varied from guidance to repression.In the last part of this work, I looked into filmmakers’ biographies and important films of the period. I chose to analyze the trajectories of the period’s most representative filmmakers through the lenses of their surveillance files made by the political police. The Securitate monitored them because they shared a "non-compliant" vision of the socialist reality; while doing so, the political police revealed what was acceptable or undesirable in that reality. Finally, in order to illustrate how censorship affects films, I propose the analysis of some notorious cases of banned film, but also of films that exemplify various taboos, detailed forms of intervention or reactions of the filmmakers to any kind of pressure. Choosing censorship as a main angle of analysis is useful for the comprehension of the filmmakers’ constraints, servitudes and liberties, but also the understanding of contradictions, of what is made visible or kept silently hidden by the regime
Dragomir, Lucia. "L'Union des écrivains : une institution transnationale à l'Est : l'exemple roumain /." Paris : Belin, 2007. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb41156145h.
Full textEn appendice, choix de documents. Notes bibliogr. Bibliogr. p. 340-365. Index. L'ISSN exact est : 1637-181X.
Ionescu, Alexandra Gabriela. "Du Parti-Etat à l'Etat des partis : nature et fonctions des partis politiques postcommunistes en Roumanie." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007IEPP0046.
Full textThe fall of Romanian communism opened the way to the emergence and institutionalizing of political pluralism. Aiming to understand and explain the significance and the role of this political process, the dissertation first explores the variety of party-state engendered by Romanian communism. The party-state is thereof considered as the outcome of several institutional, organizational and governmental challenges faced by Romanian communists striving to implement the Leninist project. Secondly, as the agents of the fall of Romanian communism claimed to have accomplished a revolution, the dissertation probes the public discourse on political change produced by these agents, the way they conceived the political transformation, as well as the political and legal means they used in order to asses their authority. Finally, Romanian postcommunism is analyzed as a process of democratization. Which means that not only new political actors, the parties, emerged, but also, that those actors had to build themselves up as organizations and, moreover, they had to define themselves, through constitution making and legal creation, as legitimate agencies of political representation and governance
Jinga, Luciana-Marioara. "LES FEMMES DANS LE PARTI COMMUNISTE ROUMAIN (1944-1989)." Phd thesis, Université d'Angers, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00811989.
Full textCretu, Vasile. "Education religieuse des jeunes en Roumanie avant et après la chute du communisme (1989) : regard sur l'Eglise orthodoxe : approche limitée à la ville de Bucarest." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008STR20009.
Full textThe complex changes entailed by the post communist transition in Romania had a special impact on the orthodox education of the young people. The purpose of the present thesis is to inquire the Romanian orthodoxy on this matter, more precisely to observe it within two parishes from Bucharest. The thesis is structured into three parts: the first part en titled The young and the religious revival in Romania tackles the post communist transition, insisting in particular on the social, economic and religious aspects of Romanian youth. In spite of the fact that they were confronted to numerous serious social, economic and cultural problems and to an increasing number of religious alternatives, the Romanian young people did not quit the orthodox faith. On the contrary, the religious effervescence is bigger than in other European countries. The second part, Romania, a communism marked space, tries to search into the communist period, the reasons for the present situation. For more than four decades, the Orthodox Church had been reduced to the cult. We are interested in identifying the consequences for the Orthodox Church in general, for the religious education in particular as well as for the young people. The third part describes the practical instruments used in the religious education with a special interest paid to the present situation in two parishes from Bucharest through some case studies, surveys and interviews with trainer priests and young parishioners
Heemeryck, Antoine. "La Roumanie entre stigmatisation et réhabilitation : démocratisme, État, société et production de soi." Paris, EHESS, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007EHES0025.
Full textDuring the last three decades, the image of Romania has shifted from the model of a highly respected mythical sovereignty to that of an underdeveloped country. This research approaches the internalization of the dynamics of these transformations in some particular social fields: firstly, inside a NGO of democratization; secondly, by the inhabitants of a neighbourhood in the city of Bucharest. The NGO, through means of constitutional reforms, stands as a pedagogue of democracy by obeying the logic of stigmatization. Of the communist past. Inside the residences, the actors produce themselves as representing the middle social stratum. The neighbourhood distinguishes itself by adopting the westerns norms and by opposing itself either to the traditional peasants or to the Gypsy. The production of the symbolic images of the foreigner is a corollary of the wish of escaping the stigmatized identity whilst shaping the modification of social relationships
Popa, Marius. "Présence du classicisme français dans la critique littéraire roumaine (de la Révolution de 1821 à la fin du communisme)." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUL020.
Full textThe present thesis proposes to catalogue and analyze references to French classicism and the role it has played in the Romanian literary criticism, from the Wallachian Uprising of 1821, led by Tudor Vladimirescu, to the fall of the communist regime (1989). After placing the reception of the model in the context of the history of Romania and its political and intellectual relations with France (including a study of the translation of French classics in Romanian) and after a genealogical and aesthetic analysis of the "French classicism" concept, we tried to reconstruct, in the context of each period of Romanian modernity, and, for each of these periods, through the more specific study of certain writers and critics considered the most representative in this matter, the persistence and renewal of the image of French classicism, itself frequently perceived and analyzed as the national expression of a "universal" classicism. This chronological process made it possible to identify the three manners in which the Romanian criticism used the reference to this notion: that of a model for a literary creation that sought itself, that of criterion for its evaluation and that of subject within the framework of debates aroused by the new currents that have animated the Romanian literary life since its emergence until the end of the twentieth century
Tudor, Pavelescu Alina. "Le Conducător, le Parti et le peuple : le discours nationaliste comme discours de légitimation dans la Roumanie de Ceau̧sescu (1965-1989)." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2009. https://spire.sciencespo.fr/notice/2441/53r60a8s3kup1vc9kd10pgob5.
Full textThe main purpose of the thesis is to describe the institutional structures of the making of the nationalist discourse during the Ceauşescu regime, to establish the social profile of the characters involved in the setting up of this discourse and to analyse its messages, in the goal to understand the social, politic, and cultural results of the nationalist communism on the Romanian society. The first section of the thesis analyses the origins and evolution of the Romanian Communist Party. It describes the relationship between the Party and the Romanian national State, divided between its search to a balance among the internationalist desiderata connected to its subordination to Moscow and the necessity to detect a Romanian identity. The second section deals with an analysis of the communist discourse about the nation, the national history and identity. It takes into consideration the typology of the actors that participated to the setting up of the nationalist discourse of Ceauşescu regime and also the mechanisms that articulated this discourse. The third section analyses the relationship with the nation, the symbolic manipulations of the national identity and feeling by the discourse of the Romanian anti-communists. In this section, it makes an attempt especially to understand the common cultural roots that the Romanian anti-communist discourse share with the nationalist communism of Ceauşescu regime and also its effects on the political culture of the Romanian society as a whole. The conclusions of the thesis come to the effects of this utilisation of a common national referential both for the communists and anti-communists over the Romanian political culture
Legaut, Jean-Philippe. "Protéger ou condamner : histoire des "orphelinats roumains" de Nicolas Ceausescu à l'Union Européenne (1965-2007)." Thesis, Paris 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA01H087.
Full textThis thesis examines the organization and the functioning of the Romanian orphanages from 1965 to 2007. These institution, as organized by the law of 1970, were meant to foster vulnerable children, the placement of which was made necessary by the disastrous demographic and socio-economic politics of Nicolae Ceausescu’s regime. More often than not, these institutions, supposed to protect underage children placed under their care, caused their loss. We rely on the archives of many children houses and on the testimonies of former placed children; this thesis recounts the daily life of the children of the State, which, being denied access to a parallel economic network, suffered without escape the harshness of the conditions of socialist life. Some of them, deemed handicapped and unable to recover, found their deaths in the foyers-hospitals. The revolution of 1989 plunged the country into a prolonged chaos, of which children of the orphanages (literally, presumed or declared) were the first victims, especially through the international market/exchange of adoptions. The improvement of the chiId protection system was one of the conditions imposed by European Union to Romania in order to juin the Union; the Romanian government undertook a reform in this sense, often limited to infrastuctures and legislative framework, without encouraging a real transformation of the mentalities of the educational staff. Carried out in a hurry, under the pressure of the European institutions, the deinstitutionalization substituted insufficient forms of altenative placement to the larger institutions, plunging children into another form of precarity
Șerban, Nicoleta. "Mémoire collective et identité urbaine : monuments publics dédiés aux hommes politiques et aux personnalités historiques à Bucarest." Paris, EHESS, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EHES0010.
Full textThe idea of collective memory is present throughout the work, which follows the concept of urban identity. This concept emphasizes that the monuments provide an overview of the urban landscape of the city. Collective memory is a process that occurs continuously, a process of restructuring and providing emotional and moral support for the political power. It is a model that reflects the aspirations of a society. Building on the study of collective memory by the perspective of public monument honoring the politicians, we try to describe the way the politics seek to implement the development of a vision of its own identity. The monuments dedicated to political figures reflect the realities and ambiguities that are at the base of the memory of a nation, as well as the complex relationship between politics and the imaginary. What we have proposed is a history of statuary in Bucharest, from the first statue erected in 1869 until today, we refer to public monuments dedicated to politicians and historical figures. We chose a chronological approach because we find it interesting how the statuary in Bucharest reflects the political upheavals. The story of the monumental art of Bucharest is actually a history of the political failures; by monumental art we examine in particular the changes that occur in politics, changes that are reflected in art
Miclea, Marius-Sorin. "La Roumanie et la région étendue de la Mer Noire dans le nouveau contexte de sécurité et de défense d’après la Guerre Froide." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO30047.
Full textA new security environment in Europe replaced the bipolarity era since the ‘90th. The fall of communism reveals a Europe divided between Western countries and the Eastern Europe, region located at the crossroads of civilizations, tributary to the challenge, risks and hazards accompanying the Soviet collapse. Early ’90th, a new security paradigm, the “paradigm of freeze security” replaces the old one of bipolarity during the Cold War. The lack of cooperation among the countries in the region is the main characteristic of the period, from the beginning and during unipolar moment. The picture of regional security show us two camps having apparently irremediable ideology: on the one hand, countries belonging to the former Soviet empire, each of them having their own concern about a possible sudden change of Russia, but with a strong Western orientation, and on the other hand, the existing Russian empire willing to reestablish a sphere of influence and to regain lost imperial glory, using increasingly a more and new coercion weapon – the energy weapon. In this equation of power, is interesting to observe the evolution and Romania role, a buffer security zone, by the language and culture belonging of Western civilization and by religion of Orthodox civilization. Ultimately, by its strategic position and desire to find again, its European identity, lost during Communism era, Romania will become one of the important pillars of NATO defense, in this part of the continent
Iosa, Ioana. "Nationalisme roumain et monumentalité. Le centre civique comme affirmation de réussite nationale." Thesis, Paris Est, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PEST3015.
Full textThis paper aims to place the monumental apology represented by the Civic Center of Bucharest in its urban and socio-political context. Therefore we have analysed the reasons and decisions that led to the way it was conceived and set up, and in addition we have tried to rebuild the narrative of the history of Bucharest through the city’s prominent built heritage. For this reason we have looked into the relations between the fact of erecting buildings and remarkable spaces and the (re)construction of a Romanian national identity, beginning with the Declaration of independence and ending with the European integration, the latter standing for the supreme legitimacy granted to the Romanian State. Therefore this research engages into the analysis of the mechanisms involved in using architectural and urban productions as instruments for defining and promoting national identity. In addition it fills a gap of almost non-existent scientific work dealing with the Civic Center, which is, due to the exceptional efforts engaged in its construction, in the same time Bucharest’s emblem and scar. Finally, it deals with the question of the reception of “ideologically charged” buildings, and more generally, with the fate of urban heritage inherited from totalitarian regimes
Anton, Elena Lorena. "La mémoire de l'avortement en Roumanie communiste : une ethnographie des formes de la mémoire du pronatalisme roumain." Thesis, Bordeaux 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BOR21716/document.
Full textTaking the pronatalism of Ceausescu’s regime as a case study, this thesis is an an ethnography of the memory-formes of a recent delicat past, such as the banning of abortion in a totalitarist regime. From 1966 to 1989, the communist regime imposed extreme policies of controlled demography in Romania, as it was imputed, for ‘the good of the socialist nation’. A construction of maternity as ‘Romanian tradition’ was developed in parallel to the banning of abortion on request and the making of contraception almost inaccessible. The social remembering of such a difficult past is still a taboo in contemporary Romanian society. This law-remembering, which is maybe playing an important role in the current situation of Romania’s reproductive health, is influenced by the intersubjectivities devellopped between the different forms of pronatalist memory, i.e. its official memory, its cultural memory and its social memory. The analysis of those memory-formes and their intersubjectivities is based on an anthropological fieldwork (2004-2009) on the memory of abortion in Communist Romania, and is theoretically informed by the interdisciplinary field of Memory Studies
Zaharia, Dragoş. "La Roumanie acteur européen. : l'adaptation de sa politique étrangère nationale à la PESC/PESDC et la promotion des intérêts régionaux." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAG008.
Full textThe profound changes occurred in the last decade of the twentieth century - the collapse of communism in Eastern Europe and its consequences, the institutional reconfiguration of the European continent - urged Romania and other former communist countries to review their positions on the international stage, while gaining the opportunity to choose their own path of development. One of the main levers Romania had to respond to this challenge was its foreign policy. But first of all its foreign policy should be reviewed and adapted to new international realities. Our research is an analysis of nearly 25 years of Romanian foreign policy aiming to observe its evolution and to understand the international behavior of Romania after the accession to the European Union. The concept of Europeanization was a useful tool for establishing the direction of the evolution of the Romanian foreign policy
Bardan, Alexandra. "Les industries culturelles en Roumanie 1970-1989, acteurs locaux, acteurs internationaux : l'émergence et l'enjeu d'un espace public alternatif de communication." Paris 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA030073.
Full textThis study aims to analyse the weakening of media and communication monopoly of the Party-Sate in Ceausescu’s Romania and in the context of the growing transnational flow of cultural products during the emerging globalization of the '70s and '80s decades. The three parts of the study are describing this problem: the first part examines the strategy of the cultural policy of the Party-State, seen here as a key phase which guides the conception of the cultural and information offer of products made available on the market. The gradual deterioration of the Romanian cultural policy questions its effects in the offers’ development. The second part of the thesis is trying to provide some answers: the official offer shows a decline in quantity and in quality, especially during the '80s, as overburdened by a growing segment of propaganda products. At the same time, it no longer corresponds to the expectations of the public addressed, which asserts itself as an active player in the market, participating among other actors, local or international, in creating an alternative market for cultural and information products. So what is the response of the Party-Sate in this new competitive environment? Does it have any particular strategy to maintain its monopoly on media and communication? The third part of the thesis explores the instrumental use of the Youth Research Institute in Bucharest as a tracking device in the service of the Party-State to prevent the emergence of an alternative sphere of communication
Valleteau, de Moulliac Clémence. "Comment ils sont devenus invisibles : les enfants des rues de Bucarest dans la transition post-communiste." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCC140.
Full textDespite major changes during transition years since 1989 in Bucharest, the street children phenomenon which became visible after the fall of Niculae Ceausescu’s communist regime has not disappeared. In spite of the abolition of the communist regime natalist policy, the demographic fertility collapse, economic growth, child welfare reforms and EU integration process, hundreds of minors keep sleeping roughless.The historical and longitudinal analysis of the phenomenon highlights lasting causal factors in the most vulnerable part of the population: the vicious circle of pauperization and marginalization undermines the most numerous families. The Bucharest street children phenomena is an inheritance of the communist regime, a sign of its enduring imprint on Romanian society. It is correlated to – and overshadowed by – social realities such as children abandonment and institutionalization, which have prevented it from gaining political ground. Our work brings out how they have become invisible: on the one hand, we analyze the construction of the political (non)-representation of street children in postcommunist years, and, on the other hand, the street experience and trajectories of some of them, from 1990 to 2015. Being unable to prevent minors from settling in the streets is neither a Romanian feature nor a characteristic specific to poor or transition countries. The case of Romanian migrants in Paris, as well as the living conditions of a number of isolated migrant minors in Europe, illustrate how, when faced with homeless and right deprived children, a wealthy region acquainted with child rights’ issues such as the EU experiences the same political challenge and dilemma as that of postcommunist Romania
Fenomenul copiilor străzii din București apare după Revoluția din decembrie 1989 și, în pofida numeroaselor bulversări din perioada de tranziție, nu pare să-și piardă nicidecum din amplitudine. În ciuda abolirii legislației pro-nataliste, a scăderii brutale a natalității, a creșterii economice și a reformelor din sistemul de protecție a copilului în contextul integrării europene, sute de minori continuă să considere strada drept acasă. Analiza istorică a fenomenului pune in evidență continuitatea cauzelor care stau la baza apariției fenomenului, în cazul categoriei celei mai vulnerabile a populației. Cercul vicios al pauperizării și al marginalizării continuă să fragilizeze familiile numeroase. Copiii străzii din București sunt o moștenire a regimului comunist, o amprentă durabilă asupra societății romanești. Acest fenomen, corelat cu realitățile abandonului și instituționalizării copiilor, care le-a eclipsat, nu a luat o dimensiune politică în România postcomunistă. Cercetarea noastră pune în evidență felul în care copiii străzii au devenit invizibili și urmărește în paralel construirea (ne)reprezentării politice a acestor copii, precum și parcursurile lor de viață în stradă, din 1990 până în 2015. Incapacitatea autorităților de a frâna instalarea copiilor în stradă nu este o specificitate românească, și nici o singularitate a statelor sărace sau aflate in situație de tranziție. Exemplul minorilor români aflați în situație de stradă la Paris, precum și soarta unui număr important de minori emigranți izolați în Europa, pun în evidență provocările politice pe care, într-o regiune bogată si cu experienta in domeniul drepturilor copilului, o ridică fenomenul copiilor nimănui
Ruta, Alina. "Les traductions de Kamouraska d’Anne Hébert en roumain." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/11795.
Full textAbstract : This M.A. thesis focuses on the two translations of Anne Hébert’s novel Kamouraska into Romanian. Published in Romania in 1986, the first translation was done from the English version that Norman Shapiro proposed in 1973. The second translation, this time done directly from the original French version, was published in 2008. We aim at introducing the political context in which the first translation of Kamouraska was made, more specifically under the Communist regime. We then proceed to present the editorial context of these two translations as well as some of the paratextual elements: covers, back covers, prefaces, etc. A survey of Anne Hébert’s main stylistic features in writing Kamouraska is followed by a comparative analysis of significant excerpts from the novel for the first and the second translation. Afterwards we introduce our French version of the two prefaces to the translations of Kamouraska: the first is signed by Irina Bădescu, and the second by Cătălin Sturza. The French translation of these two introductions enriches the critical understanding that is done of that novel everywhere in the world.
Matei, Silviu. "Romania at voting age : 18 years of electoral change in post-communism." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010IEPP0057.
Full textHow does the electoral scene looks in Romania after the first 18 years of democracy? How did the Romanians vote at the first six free elections? The purpose of this study is, first, to measure the degree of stabilisation of the party system using four classic indicators: the electoral fragmentation, volatility, the polarisation and the level of abstention. Then, using ecological regression models, we analyse the social and contextual determinants of turnout in Romania based on aggregated data at the commune level. What are the variables that have the greatest influence on abstention? The statistical model includes demographic variables (age, education, ethnic fragmentation, urbanisation level) and systemic and contextual variables (level of turnout at previous elections, local electoral polarisation and fractionalisation, vote share of the winner and looser parties at the previous elections). Ecological inference analyses are used to support the results. Finally, we determine the major axes of social divisions and their electoral alignments. To this end, we use a model of geometric data analysis (PCA), geostatistical methods and electoral geography
Grosescu, Raluca. "La conversion politique des élites communistes roumaines après 1989." Thesis, Paris 10, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA100073.
Full textThis thesis recounts the transformation of the former Romanian communist elites and their political trajectories between 1989 and 2000. It identifies the mechanisms of political conversion, the various ways in which the former nomenklatura adapts itself to the new political game, the building of the new political identities and the positioning of the former elites towards the themes that structured the Romanian political life after 1989: the attitude towards to the recent past and the economic reforms. This thesis is structured in four parts. The first one retraces the specificity of the Romanian communism and its elites. The second one examines the events of December 1989 in Romania, with a particular attention to their effects on the mobility of the political elites. We are questioning the nature of the extrication path from communism and the degree of the changing of social hierarchies determined by the demise of the communist regime. The third part of the thesis analyses the degree of the reproduction of the former nomenklatura in the national political institutions between 1990 and 2000: the parliaments, the governments and the presidential administrations. It redraws the political regrouping of the former elites in different political parties and determines the typologies of the political parties created by the former nomenklatura members, according to their position towards the economic reform and the attitude to the former communist regime. The fourth part analyses the Romanian post-communist transitional justice, with a particular accent on the role played by the former communist elites in the adoption or the rejection of different policies of dealing with the past
Tomescu-Hatto, Odette. "Le retour en Europe : le processus de démocratisation en Roumanie post-communiste (1989-2008)." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008IEPP0046.
Full textThe dissertation analyzes the simultaneous impact of the internal factors (communist legacies) and external (IGOs, NATO and the EU) on the process of democratization in Romania after the fall of Ceausescu regime. The aim of our work is to understand the interdependence and reciprocal influence between two types of factors and to provide an overview of the way in which these interactions have oriented the process of democratization in post-communist Romania from the fall of the communist regime to integration into the EU and NATO
Colceru-Mihul, Emilian. "Eléments du discours communiste : représentations de Lénine dans les textes publiés par les partis communistes français et roumain." Thesis, Paris 10, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA100220/document.
Full textThis thesis intends to identify the references and the interpretation that the authors form the French and Communist parties have given to the historical character Vladimir Ilych Ulyanov (Lenin) between 1920 (the year of creation of the FCP) and 1989 (the year of dissolution of the RCP). The goal of this research was to observe the general manner in which these references determine the essence or the evolution of the two parties and the political frame created by the interpretations. Two distinct dimensions of the research were considered: the theoretical analysis of written document, which determines the impact made by the personality and the thinking of Lenin to the political program of the two parties; the analysis of the evolution of the two parties, of their political structures and the social systems they determine to finally see how the discourse is put into practice.The thesis is divided into five great chapters. The first one, Theory and practice: Leninism of the two parties, which has also a role of introduction, analyses the evolution of the two parties and their attachment to Leninism as a guide in their action. The second chapter, Soviet model and its application shows the manner in which the two parties have copied the construction applied in the Soviet Union. The third and the fourth chapter deal with the Political representations in Romania and France. There are two types of discourse that mention Lenin: the institutional discourse (present in the Party Congress or the plenary sessions of the Central Committee) and the ideological discourse (propagated through the speeches of the party leaders, the propaganda publications, the party press or the theoretical articles). The fifth chapter discusses Specific interpretations, published rather as individuals, in a scientific manner
Talaban, Irena. ""Le Christ s'est arrêté à Pitesti" : psychologie et psychopathologie du traumatisme individuel et collectif dans une société totalitaire communiste : la Roumanie communiste, 1945-1989." Paris 8, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA081427.
Full textThe author, a clinical psychologist and a psychoanalytically trained psychotherapist, is also romanian, having survived an identity catastrophe. This work is based on the following elements: a) the survivors of pitesti experiment (a procedure of re-education using torture as a means of 'unmasking' and of transforming the victim into a torturer - the re-educated were supposed to become the future 'new human beings' of romanian communism) testimonies; b) the clinical observations of the author's clandestine psychoanalytical private experience in communist romania, which was outlaw (in an outlaw social system) - she was compelled to think about the categories of official psychopathology, but also of psychoanalysis; c) the clinical observations from her psychoanalytical experience in france, with western patients, no more belonging to a cultural group, and apparently educated to think universally: before being affiliated to a community, the individual is affiliated to humanity; d) her simultaneous encounter with psychiatric anthropology and with patients belonging to traditional nonwestern cultures; these patients were in a discontinuity of cultural frame, and their symptoms couldn't be explained or treated by only the theory and practice of psychoanalysis; e) her patients' outcome of therapy (success or failure), which posed the problem of the interpretations supposed to help these people to rebuild their broken links. This work has 3 parts: 1. The pitesti experiment: testimonies, commentaries, consequences. 2. Present clinic: clandestine psychoanalysis in communist romania, and liberal practice in france. 3. Communism as a anti-cultural system (psychoanalytical consequences of the double trauma, individual and collective, named "the trauma of losing the cultural frame" by tobie nathan)
Pasca, Carmen. "La construction de la démocratie locale en Roumanie post communiste après 1989." Bordeaux 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR21014.
Full textCioroianu, Adrian. "Le mythe, les représentations et le culte du dirigeant dans la Roumanie communiste." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28610.
Full textBanu, Aurel Cezar. "La construction rituelle de l'espace parlementaire dans la Roumanie communiste : la Grande Assemblée Nationale (1948-1989)." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25394/25394.pdf.
Full textBirsan, Alina. "Eléments de résilience dans le contexte du totalitarisme communiste en Roumanie : traumatisme et subjectivation." Paris 8, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA083284.
Full textIn the attempts to analyse the internal psychological processes involved in « adapting » within the totalitarian frame, that is to say the treatment of trauma, we tried to show that the « resistance » encompasses some much more varied patterns than what is usually appointed by the term of « political resistance » or « dissidence ». These multiform resistances already entered the attention of political philosophers like Foucault and sociologists like Maffesoli or Goffman, as practices of urban everyday life. In our knowledge, they were never yet studied in the view of internal processes, that is, as internal relation to trauma and coercion. The present research gets down to describe and to interpret the modalities by which the subjects of a totalitarian regime - in this particular case the communist totalitarian regime in Romania – make appeal to personal, social and cultural resources in order to give meaning to their life, in a process of subjectivation and symbolization of the traumatic everyday life. The study presents certain modalities and strategies, extracted from 21 narratives by means of a qualitative research methodology
Marcu, Laura. "Le rôle des mass media dans la communication électorale de la Roumanie post-communiste." Paris 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA020074.
Full textConstantin, Pompiliu-Nicolae. "Identité, altérité et sport dans la Roumanie communiste: la star minoritaire comme héros national." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209403.
Full textThis PhD thesis makes a radiography of a new problem for a society where the presence of minorities is a reality. Before the communism, Romania had an important number of minorities, and their athletes contributed to the development of sport, having a strong identity and local pride. In communism, the stars coming from the minorities (national or ethnical) had another statute. I propose an interdisciplinary study and I utilize concepts from history, sociology, human geography or anthropology. One of the important aspects in my PhD research is to propose a concept built by me, identity doping (fr. Dopage identitaire, rom. Dopaj identitar), represented by a series of actions designed to transform one or more athletes from an ethnic or national minority into a national hero, which means a complex process of identity change. The origin of this joint of words is very simple and means joining the notion of doping, particularly used first by totalitarian systems among athletes, to the term of identity. My methods cover analyses from mass-media, archives, polls and oral history, toidentify problems and images of national heroes who come from national minorities. For example, we assist to a politic of changing names, more than other countries from communist area. The ”name-nationalization” is an essential step for a new identity, more measurable and
prominent than interior feelings. The footballer Laszlo Boloni, with a Hungarian origin, is known like Ladislau Boloni, Katalin Szabo is named in communism Ecaterina Szabo or Hans Moser, a handballer with a German origin, is known like Ioan Moser. The internal realities of many countries with a nationalism-communist regime influenced the life of sport stars. In a state like Romania, where the groups of minorities had an important role in sport development, sport stars from this communisties are promoted like national heroes utilizing the mechanism of “identity doping”.
Doctorat en Sciences politiques et sociales
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Lièvre, Marion. "Nationalisme ethnoculturel et rapport à la culture des Roms en Roumanie post-communiste et multiculturaliste." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013MON30097.
Full textThis research analyses the collective identification process resulting from anethnocultural nationalism as well as the social and political uses of culture and tradition. Itdeals with the Roma in post-communist Romania in the context of the European integration.Favoring a study of the nationalism in two fields, political and every day life, it proceeds by amulti-sited fieldwork based on the ethnography of the ethnocultural mobilization of Roma inRomania and focuses on roma families in Romania and France.This thesis postulates the emergence of Roma nation on the Romanian national sceneas a recent construction, intrinsic to modernity and to the roma Romanian ethnoculturalnationalism. Three themes make up the three parts of the thesis. The first, political-historical,questions the crystallization of the relation to culture in mirror with the emergence of theethnocultural nationalism and the context of social change favorable to it’s advent(postcomunism, democratization and multiculturalism). Reflecting upon the social trajectoriesof activists and bringing in discursive analysis, historical and political, it retraces the genesesof the opposition between “traditionnal roma” and “romanized roma”. The second deals withpolitical uses of tradition and modernity through militant practices and the analysis of thespeech on “community of culture” : the roma nation. It shows the modern relation to culture.The last suggests an ethnographic description of how ethnicity works through two lines ofanalysis. The first apprehends the reception from the roma militant and non-militant of thiscollective identification process to the roma category. The second reports the logics of socialand ethnic belonging in everyday life. This three themes aim at questioning the link betweenthe construction of collective identification and ethnogenesis
Dragusanu, Adrian. "La commémoration des héros nationaux en Roumanie par le régime communiste de Nicolae Ceausescu (1965-1989)." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28597.
Full textBento, Ribeiro Ana Carolina. "Bâtir un nouveau cinéma : figures et participations des femmes dans le cinéma roumain contemporain." Thesis, Paris 10, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA100039/document.
Full textThis PhD dissertation centers on women's participation and representation in Romanian cinema, as a means of understanding the multiple social, economic and institutional stakes intervening in the renewal of the Romanian film industry in the early 21st century. Our research focuses on the post-communist era, when the Romanian film production falls into its most critical state, before achieving unprecedented international recognition. We articulate our analysis around three chronological moments, aiming to perceive how social and historical ruptures and continuities pervade the treatment of female characters on screen and the women's presence in the film industry. We aim our attention at the New Romanian cinema of the 2000's. By tracing the genealogy of this « new cinema », we concentrate on the shaping of female characters in both auteur and commercial Romanian cinema. We illustrate the primary grounds conducing to the rise and consolidation of this renewed film industry by observing the career paths of Romanian female filmmakers