Relevant bibliographies by topics / Communist Party of Sri Lanka

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Communist Party of Sri Lanka'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 4 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Communist Party of Sri Lanka"

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Pfaffenberger, Bryan. "The Political Construction of Defensive Nationalism: The 1968 Temple-Entry Crisis in Northern Sri Lanka." Journal of Asian Studies 49, no. 1 (February 1990): 78–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2058434.

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In the same year (1968) that students blockaded the streets of Paris, the formerly somnolent Jaffna Peninsula—the center of Tamil culture in Sri Lanka—was rocked by its own version of civil unrest. Led by an activist affiliated with the “Peking wing” of the Ceylon Communist party, several hundred “Minority Tamils” (mainly of the traditionally “untouchable” Paḷḷar and Naḻavar castes) sat in nonviolent protest (satyagrãha) before the gates of Jaffna's most orthodox Hindu temple, the temple of Lord Kandacami (Skanda) in the village called Maviddapuram. Hindus believe this large and beautiful structure represents the very ideal of the reformed Śaivite temple advocated by Arumuka Navalar (1822–79), Jaffna's champion Hindu reformer. Traditionally closed to untouchables, the Brahman-owned temple provided the setting for a two-week campaign to gain admittance that was timed to coincide with the temple's summer festival. After days of tense but peaceful confrontation, the demonstration turned violent as dozens of self-styled “Defenders of Saivism,” Hindus of high-caste rank (Veḷḷāḷars and their domestic servants, the Kōviyars), beat back the Minority Tamils with iron rods and sand-filled bottles. Feelings ran very high throughout the peninsula, and there were many incidents of violence, some lethal. To many Tamils and outside observers, it seemed as though Jaffna was poised on the brink of an all-out war between the castes (see, for example, Fontgalland 1968). Yet the conflict abated, and although there were temple-entry skirmishes in Jaffna as late as 1978, the Maviddapuram fracas was followed by a process of political unification as the Tamil community—Veḷḷāḷars and Minority Tamils alike—joined hands to contest the declining fortunes of Tamils in a country dominated by Sinhalese.
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de Silva, Chandra R. "Sri Lanka in 2015." Asian Survey 56, no. 1 (January 2016): 199–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/as.2016.56.1.199.

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The year 2015 in Sri Lanka was characterized by a democratic transfer of power from the United People’s Freedom Alliance, led by President Mahinda Rajapaksa, to a coalition led by the United National Party. Constitutional changes restricting presidential power, and the growth of a new approach to human rights and ethnic reconciliation, accompanied this shift. Sri Lanka’s emphasis in its economic policy shifted from major infrastructural projects to a further strengthening of human capacities.
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Wickramasinghe, Nira. "Sri Lanka in 2020." Asian Survey 61, no. 1 (January 2021): 211–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/as.2021.61.1.211.

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President Gotabaya Rajapaksa and his brother Prime Minister Mahinda Rajapaksa set in motion a process aimed at consolidating their family’s control of the executive, cabinet, and legislature. The global coronavirus pandemic gave them an opportunity to further militarize the administration of the country. The ruling party, the Sri Lanka People’s Front, won a two-thirds majority in the parliamentary elections, which allowed them to enact decisive constitutional change and overturn crucial legislation that curbed the power of the executive. The government’s ability to withstand the economic crisis and control the pandemic will be key to their complete blunting of any opposition forces.
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Warnapala, W. A. Wiswa. "The All Party Conference in Sri Lanka." India Quarterly: A Journal of International Affairs 47, no. 4 (July 1991): 39–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/097492849104700402.

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Abdul Halik. A. F, Rifka Nusrath. G. M, and S. Umashankar. "Ethnic conflicts in Sri Lanka: An analytical study based on Post-colonial Sri Lankan English literature." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 16, no. 3 (December 30, 2022): 655–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2022.16.3.1199.

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Sri Lanka is a multi-communal country that consists of four major ethnicities, namely: Sinhalese, Tamils and Muslims.The country has experienced several ethnical conflicts and riots since 1948. As a result, certain literary works in post-colonial Sri Lankan literature deals with war and ethnic conflicts in Sri Lanka. On this basis, this study was conducted to analyze the post-colonial Sri Lankan English literature in relation to ethnical conflicts in Sri Lanka. This study was an analytical research. In this study, the poem “Gajaga wannama” and the drama “Rasanayagam’s Last Riot” were analyzed to identify how the post-colonial Sri Lankan English literature describes nugatory ethnical violence against minorities in Sri Lanka. According to the review and analysis of the literary works such as the poem “Gajaga wannama” and the drama “Rasanayagam’s Last Riot”, several anti-minorities conflicts and riots have been recorded in the Sri Lankan history since 1948. Especially, the 1983 July riot was the massive anti-Tamil violence which was led by the fundamental thugs and mobs with the support of the United National Party government. Based on the analysis of the selected poem and drama, it is obvious that Tamil People lived Colombo, the Capital City of Sri Lanka were brutally killed and their assets and belongings were destroyed over a night following a bomb blast carried out by the Liberation of Tiger Tamil Ealam (LTTE) in the Northern part of Sri Lanka. This riot is primarily concerned with the nugatory anti-minority’s violence in Sri Lanka.
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Kumara, Jeewaka Saman. "Non-traditional Security Disputes of Sri Lanka." International Journal for Innovation Education and Research 3, no. 3 (March 31, 2015): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol3.iss3.323.

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From the 1970s onwards, social constructivists criticized the intense narrowing of the field of security studies imposed by the military and nuclear obsessions of the Cold War. Further, they argued that these traditional issues have not disappeared, but that other, non-military sources of threat now seemed more pressing. Hence, the nature and magnitude of security within the states should be considered from different angles such as economic security, food security, health security, environmental security, personal security, community security and political security. In the context of small states, the issue of security has multiple dimensions in the complexities of the state. Apart from the traditional aspect of security threats of small states, the non-traditional aspect is very important to identify the security threats of small states. One of the most important aspects of non-traditional security thus, is that people should be able to live in a society that honours their political security. In this broader context this study makes an effort to answer whether the political security of Sri Lanka is being challenged in the context of power political paradigm. Further the research problem has been answered by using standard research tool including descriptive and analytical methods and also the research involves both qualitative and quantitative methods. As a developing small state, Sri Lanka is an electoral democracy. The 1978 constitution vested strong executive powers in the president, who is directly elected for a six-year term and can dissolve Parliament. The prime minister heads the leading party in Parliament but otherwise has limited powers. The 225-member unicameral legislature is elected for a six-year term through a mixed proportional-representation system. Elections are open to multiple parties, and fair electoral laws and equal campaigning opportunities ensure a competitive political process. Despite the war’s completion and an improvement in security throughout Sri Lanka, the situation of political security remained grim. Some observers’ charge that centralizes approach of the ruling party of the Government of Sri Lanka has led to a lack of protection of political security. In this broader context, there is an argument that the situation of political security of Sri Lankan remains grim.
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Sonia, Dey. "Analysing the Sri Lankan civil war through the lens of conflict resolution theory." Stosunki Międzynarodowe – International Relations 2 (June 9, 2022): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/stomiedintrelat.17410.2.

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The Sri Lankan ethnic conflict can be identified as a landmark event in recent history, reflecting a visible social disunion between the majority and minority ethnic communities. Sri Lanka witnessed a major turnover of events, from circumscribed ethnic clashes to a full-scale civil war. The ripple effects of the Sri Lankan civil war crossed borders and drew global attention. The crisis involved successive governments in power in Colombo and Tamil separatist group, Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE), paving way for the deadliest social unrest in Sri Lankan history. To mediate the conflict and bring adversaries to negotiation, neutral third parties were involved. Norway played a significant role as a third-party mediator who applied various means for mitigating Sri Lanka’s conflict. However, the complicated ethno-centric politics of Sri Lanka and their inconsistent outlook towards the peace process restricted the scope for a successful conflict resolution. This paper highlights both conditions for success and failure of conflict resolution, and the use of third-party intervention as a crucial toolkit.This research also points out the equation between mediators and adversaries, and how their behavioural patterns affect conflict resolution processes. The unpredictable nature of adversary behaviour exposes a variety of challenges that the mediators are often unprepared for. The Sri Lankan peace process uncovered the powerlessness of non-coercive third-party mediation. This study holds potential to drive future researchers closer to exploring means to minimize the impacts of such limitations on forthcoming reconciliations.
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Wijetunga, W. M. K. "Mass media, elective politics and multi‐party democracy in Sri Lanka." Asian Journal of Communication 6, no. 2 (January 1996): 92–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01292989609364745.

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Wijekoon, Whmck, B. Pramono, and R. E. Hadisancoko. "South India political parties influence on India's Foreign Policy of Tamil Separatism in Sri Lanka." Technium Social Sciences Journal 40 (February 8, 2023): 334–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.47577/tssj.v40i1.8373.

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Close relationships between the Sri Lankan Tamil community and the Tami communities in South India have resulted in the involvement of South Indian political parties in the Tamil problem in Sri Lanka. This involvement has continued even after the defeat to Tamil terrorists by the Sri Lankan military and is primarily concerned with influencing Indian foreign policy on the separatism issue in Sri Lanka. The main objectives of this study were to identify the factors which are motivating South Indian political parties to influence Indian foreign policy on separatism in Sri Lanka and to identify the strategies used by South Indian political parties to influence Indian Central Government foreign policy on separatism in Sri Lanka. Research method to achieve these two objectives was a qualitative method. This research method consisted of collecting non-numeric data from individuals with significant knowledge of South Indian political parties and analysing the collected data using quantitative content analysis. Findings from the study revealed that there are several factors motivating South Indian political parties to influence foreign policy on separatism in Sri Lanka. These factors are namely genuine concern for the plight of Sri Lankan Tamils, political self-interest, financial factors, social and humanitarian factors. Findings from the study also revealed that the main strategies adopted by South Indian political parties to influence Indian foreign policy on separatism are to threaten to withhold support to the ruling party in the Lok Shaba and prevent/disrupt the implementation of national projects in South Indian states.
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Jayasuriya, Laksiri. "The Hybrid Regime in Post-Civil War Sri Lanka." International Studies 49, no. 3-4 (July 2012): 437–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020881714534028.

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Following the presidential and parliamentary elections in 2010, the Sri Lankan political system has seen the rise of a ‘one-party dominant state’ and a ‘hybrid regime’. This new political order consists of a mix of democratic and authoritarian elements largely seen in countries such as Malaysia and Singapore. This essay examines the social and political changes introduced by the highly militarized regime led by Mahinda Rajapaksa, which has slanted towards a Kautilyan ideology and authoritarian constitutionalism. It is argued that Sri Lanka needs a glasnost, marking a new political and social ethos based on the principles of accountability, openness, transparency, freedom and justice.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Communist Party of Sri Lanka"

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Prinz, Thomas. "Die Geschichte der United National Party in Sri-Lanka /." Stuttgart : F. Steiner, 1990. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb40123612f.

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Paramanathan, Mathivathana. "Peace Negotiations of Sri Lankan Conflict in 2000-2006 : The Ceasefire Agreement Facilitated by Norway is at Stake." Thesis, Jönköping University, JIBS, Political Science, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-758.

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The objective of the thesis is to study the Sri Lankan negotiation process during 2000-2006 sponsored by the Norwegian facilitation and further to analyse the major constraints hin-dering a final solution.

The stated purpose is analysed by studying both primary and secondary materials such as official documents, research and newspaper articles. One of the major findings of the thesis is that the Norwegian facilitation has not been very effective mainly due to both domestic and international political developments in recent years. In the case of domestic politics, the Sri Lankan political arena has a tradition of political crisis which is mainly a result of the two major Sinhalese parties fighting for power. These parties have been blocking any sus-tainable solution for Tamil demands while focusing on their political power.

Furthermore, international attitudes towards the warring parties are found to have had a huge impact on the Sri Lankan peace process during the studied period. Since one of the major constraints in the negotiation process appears to be that the Government of Sri Lanka seems to have adopted the international “realpolitik” on its domestic issue in the name of the war on terror. This political strategy may further inflate the already existing na-tionalism among the Sinhalese majority and the Tamil minority and thus may intensify the conflict.

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Fourman, Jeffrey F. "When Insurgents Go Terrorist: The Role of Foreign Support in the Adoption of Terrorism." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1399546682.

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Sarveswaran, K. "The Tamil united liberation front: Rise and decline of a moderate ethnic party in Sri Lanka (1976-2000)." Thesis, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2009/5624.

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Klimešová, Martina. "Pobídky jako cesta k míru? Vyjednávání a zapojení třetích stran." Doctoral thesis, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-299431.

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Title: Using Carrots to Bring Peace? Negotiation and Third Party Involvement Author: Martina Klimesova 284 p. (+references and appendices) March 2011 How to make peace? This dissertation answers what impact third party incentives have on peace negotiation, more specifically on negotiation strategies in internal armed conflicts based on self-determination grievances. This study further assesses when the ripest time for the employment of incentives is, and in what way external incentives have an impact on possible negotiation asymmetries. Incentives in the following negotiation processes were analyzed: GoSL-LTTE in Sri Lanka (Eelam, 2002-03; 2006), GoI-GAM in Indonesia (Aceh, 2000-03; 2005), and the GRP-MILF in the Philippines (Mindanao, 2001-08). The findings indicate that those third party incentives which are linked to the core conflict issues are most likely to have some impact on the negotiation, but that committed pro-process leadership by the conflicting parties is also a necessity. The research also indicated that third parties have only limited options in employing incentives that can have an impact on the core conflict issues; and that, in any case, they are rarely willing to pursue such options. Committed strong leadership, presence of ripeness (far more frequently stipulated by an MHS than MEO),...
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Books on the topic "Communist Party of Sri Lanka"

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Keuneman, Pieter. Selected speeches & articles, 1947-1987. [Colombo]: People's Pub. House, 1987.

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Amarasinghe, Y. Ranjith. Revolutionary idealism and parliamentary politics: A study of Trotskyism in Sri Lanka. Colombo: Social Scientists' Association, 2000.

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De Silva, Chandra Richard, 1940-, Sri Lanka Foundation Institute, and Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung, eds. Political party system of Sri Lanka. Colombo, Sri Lanka: Sri Lanka Foundation Institute, 1987.

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Sri Lanka Freedom Party: A political profile. Colombo: Godage International Publishers, 2005.

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Die Geschichte der United National Party in Sri Lanka. Stuttgart: Steiner Verlag Wiesbaden, 1990.

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Peiris, Pradeep. Catch-All Parties and Party-Voter Nexus in Sri Lanka. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-4153-4.

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Wijesinha, Rajiva. Civil strife in Sri Lanka: The United National Party government, 1989-94. Colombo: McCallum Books, 1995.

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The federal party of Sri Lanka: The strategy of an ethnic minority party in government and opposition 1949-2002. Colombo: Kumaran Book House, 2007.

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1989 general election Sri Lanka Freedom Party manifesto for a peaceful, prosperous, and just society. [Horagolla, Nittambuwa: Ranasinghe Arachchige Henry Ranasinghe, 1989.

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Foundation, General Ranjan Wijeratne, ed. A 'Periya Dorai' to the last: Ranjan Wijeratne, the United National Party and the politics of Sri Lanka. Talawatugoda: General Ranjan Wijeratne Foundation, 1998.

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Book chapters on the topic "Communist Party of Sri Lanka"

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Pozzi, Laura. "China, the Maritime Silk Road, and the Memory of Colonialism in the Asia Region." In Regions of Memory, 139–60. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-93705-8_6.

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AbstractThis chapter analyzes how the city museums of Shanghai, Hong Kong, and Galle Fort deal with the memory and legacy of colonialism in the framework of the expanding economic and political power of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) in Asia. In the PRC, the historical memory of the country’s colonial past has been shaped by the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). In contrast to the transnational nature of the communist ideology, the CCP’s interpretation of history is strongly nationalist. China’s political expansion in the ex-British colony of Hong Kong and its economic ties to other Asian countries such as Sri Lanka open space for a discussion about its power to influence these countries’ understanding of their own history. How is the expansion of China, defined by many as a neo-colonial power, changing the way other countries in Asia understand the colonial past? Is China able to exports its own vision of colonialism and post-colonial order outside its own borders? This chapter answers these questions through an analysis of the permanent exhibitions of three city museums: The Shanghai History Museum; the Hong Kong Museum of History, and the Galle Fort Museum in Sri Lanka, part of the “One Belt, One Road” project.
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Woldendorp, Jaap, Hans Keman, and Ian Budge. "Sri Lanka." In Party Government in 48 Democracies (1945–1998), 486–99. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2547-7_48.

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Peiris, Pradeep. "From Party Organization to Party Mobilization." In Catch-All Parties and Party-Voter Nexus in Sri Lanka, 81–124. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-4153-4_3.

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Peiris, Pradeep. "Examining Party Allegiance." In Catch-All Parties and Party-Voter Nexus in Sri Lanka, 177–219. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-4153-4_5.

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Peiris, Pradeep. "Desertion of the Party." In Catch-All Parties and Party-Voter Nexus in Sri Lanka, 221–41. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-4153-4_6.

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Peiris, Pradeep. "Dynamics of Party Organization at the Level of the Electorate." In Catch-All Parties and Party-Voter Nexus in Sri Lanka, 31–80. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-4153-4_2.

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Peiris, Pradeep. "Examining the Logic and Practice of Voting." In Catch-All Parties and Party-Voter Nexus in Sri Lanka, 125–76. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-4153-4_4.

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Peiris, Pradeep. "Conclusion." In Catch-All Parties and Party-Voter Nexus in Sri Lanka, 243–50. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-4153-4_7.

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Peiris, Pradeep. "Introduction." In Catch-All Parties and Party-Voter Nexus in Sri Lanka, 1–29. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-4153-4_1.

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Bara, Judith. "Sri Lanka 1947–1977: elite programmes and mass politics." In Ideology, Strategy and Party Change, 95–110. Cambridge University Press, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511558771.006.

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Conference papers on the topic "Communist Party of Sri Lanka"

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NANAYAKKARA, N. B., Y. G. SANDANAYAKE, and B. J. EKANAYAKE. "AN INVESTIGATION ON CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY OF CONSTRUCTION ORGANISATIONS IN DISASTER IN SRI LANKA." In 13th International Research Conference - FARU 2020. Faculty of Architecture Research Unit (FARU), University of Moratuwa, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31705/faru.2020.22.

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Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is a concept, which is broadly determined as ensuring the efficacy of the organisation in integrating social and environmental considerations into organisational operations. In Sri Lankan context, a great enthusiasm can be seen among organisations to engage in CSR initiatives. Having considered the importance and impact, the study aims to investigate the importance of CSR initiatives by construction organisations in disasters in Sri Lanka. Thus, a mixed method research approach was followed as the methodology of this study. Findings are based on semi-structured interviews held with construction industry professionals. Findings of this study revealed that the implementation of CSR initiatives is more important during a disaster situation in the aspects of both affected party and aiding party. Moreover, construction organisations implement CSR during disaster situations by considering it as a mandatory responsibility of an organisation. Further, most of the construction organisations engage in CSR implementation during natural disaster situations. In practice all the construction organisations tend to engage in reactive initiatives. More importantly, it is revealed that both the organisational work force and society are benefitted through CSR implementation in disaster situations.
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Prasadika, A. P. K. J., A. N. Wijayanayake, and D. H. H. Niwunhella. "Analyzing Factors that Impact on Performance of Pickers in Third-Party Logistics Warehouses in Sri Lanka." In 2022 International Research Conference on Smart Computing and Systems Engineering (SCSE). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/scse56529.2022.9905151.

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De Silva, G. H. L. S., C. A. Kavirathna, and A. N. Wijayanayake. "Identifying the Relationships of Green Drivers, Initiatives and Performance in the Third-Party Logistics Industry in Sri Lanka." In 2022 International Research Conference on Smart Computing and Systems Engineering (SCSE). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/scse56529.2022.9905183.

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Jayasinghe, Rasara, Rangamal Dahanayake, and Vajira Edirisinghe. "Challenging Arbitral Awards in the Construction Industry." In The SLIIT International Conference on Engineering and Technology 2022. Faculty of Engineering, SLIIT, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54389/tumx1007.

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One of the most common alternative dispute resolution methods used in the Sri Lankan construction industry is arbitration. However, challenging arbitration awards based on legal grounds at the courts has been a current trend by the disagreeing party. If this situation occurs continuously, the purpose of having arbitration as an alternative dispute resolution method can be abandoned. Therefore, the study aims to identify the causes where arbitration is challenged in multi-story building construction projects in Sri Lanka through a case study. The methodological choice was qualitative and used semistructured interviews from six arbitrators and 2 case studies that referred to courts to challenge arbitration awards as research strategies. The study found the poor attitude of parties, lack of technical knowledge, reliability, and capability of the arbitrator to act according to the arbitrary acts imposed by the government as the main causes. Further. The study recommends arbitrators consider the reasons to act well enough and reject the cases if the arbitration is likely to be challenged in courts, train arbitrators to be reliable and on technical knowledge, and improve parties' attitudes by educating on the arbitration procedure and its benefits. KEYWORDS: Arbitration, Challenge, Award, Dispute, Sri Lanka
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K.H.I, Gamage, Wickramasinghe R.S.R, and Gamage I.M.C. "Groundwater Quality Assessment in Anuradhapura for Domestic Purposes." In 2nd International Conference on Agriculture, Food Security and Safety. iConferences (Pvt) Ltd, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32789/agrofood.2021.1006.

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The North central province plays the main agricultural role in Sri Lanka as a developing agricultural-based economy country in the world. Excessive amount of nitrate and fluoride in groundwater consumption is becoming a crucial issue on human health in Sri Lanka, especially in the North Central part of the country. Dental fluorosis and skeleton fluorosis are the major health impacts based on an excessive amount of fluoride as well as presumption on causing chronic kidney disease (CKD). Nitrogenous compounds in groundwater for drinking have been considered possible risk factors for oesophageal cancer and haemoglobinemia or blue baby syndrome. Human activities and natural processes have polluted groundwater. Having a lack of understanding of the actual need for fertilizer, farmers usually tend to apply the surplus amount, thus increasing nitrogen pollution. Accordingly, this research was conducted to deepen the understanding of the distribution of fluoride and nitrate in groundwater in the Anuradhapura area in terms of geological and anthropogenic influences on groundwater quality. Well water samples were collected from intensive agricultural activity areas in Anuradhapura. Physical and chemical parameters were analyzed to identify whether the higher nitrate and fluoride or any compound of a mixture of heavy metals such as cadmium and/ or arsenic is the actual cause for kidney and other health-related issues among the community. Water samples' pHs were in the range of 6.7-7.7. All the wells can be categorized as low salinity water. Turbidity average of 3.51 NTU range of 1-8 NTU was found to be mainly contributed by nitrate at the average of 28.725 mg/L and ranged from (22-131) mg/L of nitrate. In addition, fluorite was found high in Anuradhapura with an average of 0.6 mg/L and ranged from (0.4 - 1.7) mg/L. Sulphate level was also high with an average of 178mg/L and ranged from (58-505 mg/L). There was no significant effect of heavy metals such as cadmium, arsenic, iron, and copper concentrations which were below the permissible level of 0.01mg/L. The research clearly indicates the abundance of nitrate and fluoride in groundwater, especially in the dry zone. The major sources are fluoride-bearing minerals in bedrock and soil zone. In addition to that, the influence of agriculture which causes excessive nitrate levels in groundwater, is apparent, irrespective of climatic zones.
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Jan, Šejbl. "Hříšná exotika A. V. Nováka Literární obraz cesty do Asie v letech 1926–1927." In Orientalia antiqua nova XXI. Západočeská univerzita v Plzni, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24132/zcu.2021.10392-120-144.

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Sinful Exotics of A. V. Novák Literary image of a journey to Asie in 1926–1927 Traveller and writer Archibald Václav Novák (1895–1979) rose to fame in the 1920s as the author of popular nov els and short stories inspired by a stay in Tahiti and the United States of America from 1919 to 1921. Sucesess of books and lectures allowed Novák to undertake another long journey. From October 1926 to April 1926 A. V. Novák visited Sri Lanka, India, Myanmar, Malaya, Singapore, Sumatra, Vietnam, Cambodia, China and Japan. After returning home, Novák organized public lectures and published new novels and short stores inspored by the places he visited and the people he met. He also wrote a four-volume travelogue based on his travel diary. On his journey, Novák took not only still photographs, but short movies as well. After the communists took power in Czechoslovakia in 1948, Novák was purged from public life. No longer heralded as either a traveller or a writer, he was virtually consigned to oblivion. It was not until after 2000 that a study of the phenomenon of Czecho slovak emigration to Tahiti kindled renewed interest in him. In 2010, some of Novák’s previously unknown pho tographs were discovered and donated to the Náprstek Museum’s photographic collection, which is a part of the National Museum in Prague. Movies, diaries and the most of negatives by A. V. Novák have not been preserved, but there is a large number of glass slides used as an accom paniment of lectures. Photographic collection and books by A. V. Novák offer a valuable source of information about the non-Europen countries in 1920s and the ways, how they were presented to public in Czechoslovakia.
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