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Child, Graham. "The role of community-based wild resource management in Zimbabwe." Biodiversity and Conservation 5, no. 3 (March 1996): 355–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00051779.
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Kreuter, Urs, Mike Peel, and Edward Warner. "Wildlife Conservation and Community-Based Natural Resource Management in Southern Africa's Private Nature Reserves." Society & Natural Resources 23, no. 6 (April 20, 2010): 507–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08941920903204299.
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Lewis, Dale M., and Andrew Phiri. "Wildlife snaring – an indicator of community response to a community-based conservation project." Oryx 32, no. 2 (April 1998): 111–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3008.1998.d01-21.x.
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The use of wire snares for catching wildlife to support household needs was treated as an indicator to evaluate community support and understanding for a community-based resource management project. Data were based on snare counts in areas surrounding the targeted community as well as from interviews with individuals purported to have had a history of snaring. The high use of snares conflicted with expected behaviour for a community benefiting from the project. Snaring levels were high enough to threaten the viability of the safari industry and the derived revenues that were meant to be shared with the community. These contradictions suggested flaws in the project: an overdependence on external donor-supported management and lack of real community involvement and leadership in management of the resource. This study underscores the critical importance for monitoring land-use behaviour as an indicator of the success of community-based management projects.
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CLARKE, PEPE, and STACY D. JUPITER. "Law, custom and community-based natural resource management in Kubulau District (Fiji)." Environmental Conservation 37, no. 1 (March 2010): 98–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892910000354.
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SUMMARYNational laws and institutions interact with local governance systems to encourage CBNRM in some cases while creating conflict in others. A case study of Kubulau District (Bua Province, Fiji) illustrates the challenges and successes of implementing traditional community-based natural resource management (CBNRM) within a pluralist legal and institutional context. In 2005, the communities of Kubulau established a network of protected areas, including 17 traditional closures (tabu), three no-take district marine reserves, a legally–declared forest reserve and a proposed forest reserve, managed under an integrated ‘ridge-to-reef’ plan. Marine and terrestrial areas in Kubulau illustrate synergies and discord between national laws and community management rules, and provide examples of management success and conflict. Key components influencing diverse management outcomes in Kubulau include (1) the legal status of customary resource tenure, (2) incorporation of local knowledge, traditions and priorities, (3) clearly articulated relationships between local decision-making processes and government regulation, and (4) perceived equity in distribution of management benefits. Legal and institutional reforms are proposed to improve management of natural resources in Fiji.
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Ambrosio-Albala, Dr Pepa, and Dr María Mar Delgado-Serrano. "Understanding Climate Change Perception in Community-Based Management Contexts: Perspectives of Two Indigenous Communities." Weather, Climate, and Society 10, no. 3 (June 4, 2018): 471–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/wcas-d-17-0049.1.
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Abstract Many natural resources around the world are managed by indigenous communities that are closely connected to nature and have nature-based livelihoods. These communities are particularly vulnerable to climate change and in need of adaptation strategies. Therefore, understanding how a community that is connected to nature perceives climate change is crucial. Some studies have shown that the capacity to respond to climate change vulnerability might be influenced by the social ties among community members. We used Q methodology to explore and compare climate change perceptions in two indigenous communities in Colombia and Mexico. Both of these communities are characterized by nature-based livelihoods, collective ownership of land, and community-based natural resource management. We analyzed their perception of climate change and nature, their preferred options for adaptation strategies, and the sources of information they trust. The perceptions that emerged were interpreted according to the four worldviews proposed by cultural theory. Overall, this research suggests that perceptions varied across and within local contexts, meaning that different ways of understanding and dealing with climate change coexist within the communities. The results showed that hierarchy and egalitarian worldviews (as described by cultural theory) are more common in both indigenous communities. The history and lived experiences of community-based management for both communities influence preferred adaptation options to cope with climate change.
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Susanto, Dwiyono Rudi, and Muhammad Syaifulloh. "PENGEMBANGAN OBYEK WISATA BERBASIS COMMUNITY BASED TOURISM (CBT) DI HUTAN PAYAU, CILACAP." Kepariwisataan: Jurnal Ilmiah 12, no. 02 (May 31, 2018): 45–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.47256/kepariwisataan.v12i02.87.
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Payau Forest is one of the potential areas of tourism in Cilacap Regency. This is because the natural beauty of the Payau Forest and supported by trend of tourism that leads to nature tourism with attention to the sustainability. The management of the Payau Forest is done by the local community who are members of the community, namely Pokdarwis Maspayau and LMDH (Lembaga Desa Desa Hutan). The purpose of this research is to know (1) the development of Community-Based Tourism object (CBT) in Payau Forest Cilacap and (2) how the local community role in the management and development of tourism Payau Forest of Cilacap. The research method used is qualitative method. Primary data collection is done by interview, observation and literature study. The results of the research shows that the management of Payau Forest tourism in Cilacap implemented through the management of tourism resources, management of tourism marketing, human resource management, and crisis management. By implementing Community Based Tourism (CBT) in the management of Payau Forest can be seen from the active participation of the community in every tourism activity and the nature and cultural preservation. In addition, it is concluded that the level of community participation in the environment of Payau Forest is at the level of citizen control, meaning that people become controllers in the planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation process in tourism management.
Keywords: Community Based Tourism, CBT, Payau Forest, nature tourism, citizen control
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Maynard, Lily, Susan K. Jacobson, and John Kamanga. "Stakeholder collaboration: evaluating community-based conservancies in Kenya." Oryx 54, no. 5 (February 28, 2019): 723–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605318000789.
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AbstractTo evaluate and improve the involvement of stakeholders in community-based natural resource management, we developed a stakeholder collaboration index. We compared the stakeholders of five Kenyan conservancies by conducting 10 focus group meetings with conservancy management committees and wildlife game scouts. We used the nominal group technique to identify and rank perceptions of the conservancies’ strengths, weaknesses and opportunities, and any threats. The resulting 455 responses were categorized into ecological, institutional or socio-economic themes of ecosystem management. Collaboration index scores ranged from low (0.33) to high (0.95) collaboration, on a scale of 0–1, with a mean of 0.61. Managers and game scouts had varying perceptions of the conservancies but they agreed about major strengths and threats to conservation. The index highlighted shared perspectives between managers and scouts, which could be used as opportunities for increased stakeholder involvement in collaborative management. The stakeholder collaboration index is a potentially useful tool for improving management of environmental conservation programmes.
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Pokynchereda, Vitalii, Nataliia Gudzenko, and Mariya Nastenko. "Human resource accounting in the system of value-based business management." Investment Management and Financial Innovations 14, no. 2 (August 21, 2017): 386–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/imfi.14(2-2).2017.10.
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Modern economic conditions are characterized by dynamism and complexity, in¬creased competitive confrontation at product markets, rapid changes of the market environment that leads to intensification of the search for advanced approaches to human resource management. Employees, their qualifications and experience are one of the most important factors, without which any prospects of economic growth are neutralized. The purpose of this paper is to substantiate the essence of human resources as a category of accounting, which is a prerequisite for formation of theoretical and methodological basis of their representation in the context of value-based business management implementation policy. The article substantiates the essence of human resources as the total number of employees at the company, who are carriers of human assets accumulated in themselves and inseparable from themselves, such as physical abilities, education, experience and professional knowledge that, in conjunction with using the elements of accounting method, creates the basis for presentation of human assets as the company’s right to use them as a part of intangible assets. Implementation of suggested approach to understand accounting nature of human resources, based on recognition of company’s right to use human assets carried by employees, creates a prerequisite for displaying information about them in the system of accounts and reports of the company that meets the needs of value-based management.
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Leahy, Jessica E., and Dorothy H. Anderson. "Trust factors in community–water resource management agency relationships." Landscape and Urban Planning 87, no. 2 (August 2008): 100–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2008.05.004.
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Maharjan, Keshav L. "Community participation in forest resource management in Nepal." Journal of Mountain Science 2, no. 1 (March 2005): 32–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11629-005-0032-2.
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Purwanto, Herry. "Water Resources Mangement Community Based In Meeting The Needs of Housedhold in The Village Sejahtera District Sukadana District Kayong Utara." JURNAL BORNEO AKCAYA 3, no. 2 (December 31, 2016): 17–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.51266/borneoakcaya.v3i2.63.
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Community based management appropriate in the management of water resources, due to the public as consumers once served as the manager would better understand the needs of the community itself. Community-based management in the District Sukadana Prosperous Village District of North Kayong will work properly if there is a willingness of the community to participate. Research on water has been more focused on biosifik water alone, in this study the researchers focused on human ie on community participation. This research uses descriptive method with data analysis using inductive logic absrtaktif which starts from the particular to the general, conceptualizing and categorizing. Description developed on the basis of events obtained when the field work took place. Therefore, the data collection and data analysis becomes an integral, both take place simultaneously or simultaneously. This study found the management of water resources in meeting the needs of households in the District Sukadana Prosperous Village District of North Kayong very good. However, there are several factors that influence community participation in water resource management, community-based nature of these factors can support a successful management, but there are also nature can affect the success. Age, sex, education, occupation and income, is usually mentioned as internal factors or from within the community, although no significant effect. From this study showed that the management of water resources in the District Prosperous Village Sukadana can be said to be good. The level of public participation is an indicator in assessing the level of community based management. There is a willingness from the people involved in mutual cooperation, willingness to pay dues, willing to participate in a meeting or a meeting to discuss the management of water resources. Other internal factors affecting partisipasi society is the type of work and sex. Those who work as civil servants or private sector and farmers have different times, so the time will determine the willingness of mutual cooperation and meetings. Of sex between men, women and children, have levels and different forms of participation. Finally, researchers can group the hypothesis of this study is "Management and utilization of natural resources (in this study is the water resources) are related and have a relevant correlation with the quality of Human Resources in the vicinity
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BRUNCKHORST, DAVID J. "Using context in novel community-based natural resource management: landscapes of property, policy and place." Environmental Conservation 37, no. 1 (March 2010): 16–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892910000342.
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SUMMARYCommunity based natural resource management (CBNRM) engages groups of citizens in collective action towards sustainable conservation and natural resource management (NRM) within and across various tenure regimes. Substantial differences exist between developing and developed countries in terms of conditions conducive to CBNRM. There are also contextual differences from national to local scales, across different ‘spaces’ and ‘places’ within each. This paper focuses on developed countries in deriving and synthesizing some concepts from systems theory and landscape ecology, with lessons from facilitating novel CBNRM arrangements. Understanding the landscape context of interacting levels and scales of social and ecological systems can inform institutional development of resilient CBNRM. Efforts to increase the scale and effectiveness of social-ecological sustainability can benefit from novel arrangements facilitating holistic integration of environmental conservation across levels of institutions of communities and government, including tenure regimes (type and ownership of resources as ‘property’). Property and policy, together with ‘place’ attachment of communities can be viewed within a landscape framework. Such a ‘landscape lens’ provides an interdisciplinary meld that is important to sustainable CBNRM, but sometimes forgotten (or avoided) in government planning, policy deliberation and action.
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BROOKS, JEREMY S., and DOLEY TSHERING. "A respected central government and other obstacles to community-based management of the matsutake mushroom in Bhutan." Environmental Conservation 37, no. 3 (September 2010): 336–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892910000573.
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SUMMARYDespite sound logic supporting decentralized resource management, the results of community-based natural resource management (CBNRM) efforts have been mixed. Many conditions are thought to contribute to the sustainable use of common pool resources, but as practitioners evaluate the likelihood of CBNRM success, it is necessary to understand which particular conditions have the greatest impact and how these differ across contexts. This paper describes the harvest of the matsutake mushroom and its decline in two rural communities in Bhutan that possess many of the conditions thought to facilitate resource management. Data from surveys, informal interviews and focus group meetings suggest the decline in the matsutake harvest can be attributed to the absence of a small number of enabling characteristics and an additional factor that is often overlooked in the CBNRM literature. Factors contributing to the decline include environmental dynamics, lack of leadership, and the difficulty of monitoring and enforcing harvesting guidelines. However, communities are reluctant to absorb the costs of developing institutions owing to the lack of perceived scarcity and salience of matsutake and, perhaps most importantly, to a historical dependence on a paternalistic government. This reliance on the government may preclude communities from assuming the responsibilities of matsutake management and enforcing rules to assure a sustainable harvest, a trend seen elsewhere in Bhutan. CBNRM may succeed if governments can simultaneously build capacity in communities while empowering them to take ownership over resource management. Though a relatively small number of factors have impeded CBNRM in this case, many of the obstacles can be overcome and these efforts should be considered a work in progress in Bhutan.
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Wang, Hong Bo. "Discuss on Forest Resources Management Based on GE Smallworld." Advanced Materials Research 518-523 (May 2012): 5688–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.518-523.5688.
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Based on the fundamental meaning of Geographic Information System (GIS), the important features of GE Smallworld and the fundamental features of Forest Resources, we discuss the current application in forest resources information management, forest insect pest and disease control, the integration between GPS (global positioning system) and RS (remote sensing), resource management in nature reserve. At the same time the further development of GE Smallworld in forest resources management has been analyzed.
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ROBERTSON, JOHN, and MICHAEL J. LAWES. "User perceptions of conservation and participatory management of iGxalingenwa forest, South Africa." Environmental Conservation 32, no. 1 (March 2005): 64–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892905001979.
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New forest policies in South Africa seek to reconcile conservation and development objectives by devolving some responsibility for forest management from the state to local communities. Community participation in forest management aims to protect forest-based subsistence livelihoods by incorporating the interests of resource users, while simultaneously diffusing threats to biodiversity by managing resource use. To date, participatory forest management (PFM) has had mixed success in South Africa because the transfer of rights to users has not accompanied changes in policy. A questionnaire survey of 60 households (43%) revealed the attitudes of users toward current management and conservation options for iGxalingenwa forest. Users chose participatory forest management (52%) over community (25%) or state-dominated forest management (2%) structures. User choice was motivated by the desire to secure rights of access to, and ensure equitable benefit from, a dwindling resource base, rather than the conservation of these resources to sustain future yields. Users were unwilling to reduce resource use and compromise usufruct rights to achieve conservation goals, even to improve the availability of the resource stock. Current user needs compromise biodiversity conservation goals, and users regard state conservation practices as protectionist and obstructing their rights of access to resources. While the National Forests Act of 1998 seeks to conserve resources by limiting access to them and is based on principles of sustainable use, it is nevertheless perceived to offer few incentives to users to participate in forest management and conservation. Ideally, an institutional and legal framework that allocates user rights and managerial responsibilities to households is required, but clearly suitable alternatives to forest products are also vital for successful management. Greater trust between the provincial parks authority and users is needed, but is complicated by weak traditional leadership and poor community representation. Ultimately, users preferred PFM because, while recognizing that harvest rates are unsustainable, user dependence upon forest resources and weak traditional leadership means they can protect usufruct rights only by participation. Changes to any of these factors may create demands for a new management system. PFM allows the greatest flexibility for responding to changes in demands as well as the environment.
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GOLOSH, Nataliіa. "Organizational and Legal Mechanism of Land Resource Management in the Context of Decentralization of Power in Ukraine." Public administration and local government 47, no. 4 (December 20, 2020): 70–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.33287/102070.
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During the decentralization of power, the influence of society on managerial decision-making, including in the field of land resource management, increased significantly. Under such conditions, the public management entity should look for ways to ensure the effective functioning of the land resource management system.
The purpose of this article is to highlight the approaches to the creation of an organizational and legal mechanism for land resource management in the context of decentralization.
To solve the problems of a specific territorial community, there is a need to create an organizational and legal mechanism for land resource management, taking into account all the principles and foundations of decentralization, national and regional characteristics. The organizational and legal mechanism of land resource management is a direct impact on public relations as to the ownership, disposal and use of land resources using management tools to ensure revenues to the budget of the territorial community. The organizational component of the land resource management mechanism includes activities that are aimed at ordering and consistency of interrelated elements of the system.
The modern understanding of the essence of the creation of the organizational and legal mechanism of land resource management should unambiguously take place through the definition of performance indicators that will determine the nature of the development of the territorial community. Only taking into account this approach we can expect socio-economic development of the territorial community through land resource management.
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DROZDOVA, Julia. "MIGRATION AS A SOCIAL RESOURCE OF TERRITORIAL COMMUNITY." PRIMO ASPECTU, no. 1(41) (March 27, 2020): 56–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.35211/2500-2635-2020-1-41-56-64.
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In the modern globalized world migration shows a stable progressing nature which explains the academic interest in this complex, controversial phenomenon. The complexity of migration processes gives rise to new discourses, and a new research area where migration is studied as a social resource, a channel to replenish human resources in the declining regions of the Russian Federation. Data obtained in a complex sociological study performed within the framework of RFFI grant #19-411-340002 “Territorial communities in social transformation: a sociological and managerial analysis” permitted considering migration as a social resource. The research team of the Volgograd Institute of management, a branch of RANEPA, used a combined strategy that includes both quantitative (mass survey of citizens and rural residents) and qualitative methods of empirical study. The former were mass surveys of urban and country residents, the latter - in-depth interviews of experts and representatives of territorial local governing bodies, the academic community, urban and country activists, architects, leaders of property owner associations, long term residents of territorial communities. The obtained data allowed revealing the potential of migration in terms of partial compensation for the declining population of the Volgograd region, replenishing human resources and labor force, preservation and development of regional territories, building solidary ties between the local population and migrants. Migration has both positive and negative implications; the objective, inevitable nature of migration brings to the fore a need for optimal, effective methods of management at all levels of the social system. Social and ethnic agreement between migrants and the receiving population in territorial communities can be only possible when life in a region is well regulated, its municipal structures and local communities function properly, and the traditions and culture of all people residing here are respected.
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Arbab Kash, Bita, Aaron Spaulding, Larry D. Gamm, and Christopher E. Johnson. "Healthcare strategic management and the resource based view." Journal of Strategy and Management 7, no. 3 (August 12, 2014): 251–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jsma-06-2013-0040.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine how two large health systems formulate and implement strategy with a specific focus on differences and similarities in the nature of strategic initiatives across systems. The aim is to gain a better understanding of the role of resource dependency theory (RDT) and resource based view (RBV) in healthcare strategic management. Design/methodology/approach – A comparative case study design is used to describe, categorize and compare strategic change initiatives within a children's health and a multi-hospital system located in two competitive metropolitan markets. A total of 61 in-person semi-structured interviews with healthcare administrators were conducted during 2009. Summary statistics and qualitative content analysis were employed to examine strategic initiatives. Findings – The two health systems have as their top initiatives very similar pursuits, thus indicating that both utilize an externally oriented RDT method of strategy formulation. The relevance of the RBV becomes apparent during resource deployment for strategy implementation. The process of healthcare strategic decision-making incorporates RDT and RBV as separate and compatible activities that are sequential. Research limitations/implications – Results from this comparative case study are based on only two health systems. Further, the RBV perspective only takes managerial resources and time into consideration. Practical implications – Given that external resources are likely to become more constrained, it is important that hospitals leverage relevant internal resources, in the identification of competitive advantages and effective execution of strategic initiatives. Originality/value – The author propose a refined healthcare strategic management framework that takes both RDT and RBV into consideration by systematically linking strategy formulation with deployment of resources.
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He, Siyuan, Lingfan Yang, and Qingwen Min. "Community Participation in Nature Conservation: The Chinese Experience and Its Implication to National Park Management." Sustainability 12, no. 11 (June 11, 2020): 4760. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12114760.
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Rural communities are taking active roles in conservation. However, the basic modes and content of community participatory approach are seldom summarised or reflected on in China, leaving the use of terms confused and their links to practice disconnected. By reviewing the literature, we traced back to the protected area-community relations from the perspective of features of rural communities, namely knowledge accumulation, social bond, collective actions, and risk-aversion, and reflected on changing roles of community conservation through recognition of these features. Combining case studies and our own research experience, we focused on the de facto practices behind the somewhat casual use of several terms and re-classified community participation in conservation to three modes of community participatory management, community co-management, and community dominant management, along a continuum in which, from low to high level, conservation is more a means rather than an end for the community to be empowered for their own resource management. We argued that the success of community participation must ensure stable and flexible land tenure so that the right to benefit can be guaranteed, and the collective action in managing resources can be achieved by empowerment. In practice, further institutional changes of improvement in the legislation and optimisation in benefit sharing and compensation are needed to promote community participation in a broader social participation context.
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Zahra, Shaker A. "The Resource-Based View, Resourcefulness, and Resource Management in Startup Firms: A Proposed Research Agenda." Journal of Management 47, no. 7 (June 2, 2021): 1841–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/01492063211018505.
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The resource-based view (RBV) provides a rich framework for analyzing the role of a firm’s tangible and intangible resources in creating and sustaining competitive advantage. As a result, it has been widely used to explain entrepreneurial firms’ strategic choices that generate such an advantage. While researchers have established the usefulness of the RBV, they have overlooked the fundamental question of how entrepreneurial firms manage their resources to gain competitive advantage. This paper examines this issue in the context of independently owned startups, which typically lack resources, are constrained in their access to key resource providers, and have limited experience in assembling and managing resources. Adopting a broader conceptualization of startups’ resource management process, the paper identifies several questionable assumptions in related RBV-based research. Further, recognizing the limits of RBV to determine ex ante the nature and magnitude of entrepreneurs’ resourcefulness when managing their resources, the paper suggests linkages between the RBV and several entrepreneurship frameworks and outlines promising research questions.
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Yadav, Bhagwan Dutta, Hugh R. Bigsby, and Ian MacDonald. "Elitism: normative ethics of local organisation in community-based natural resources management." International Journal of Organizational Analysis 24, no. 5 (November 7, 2016): 932–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijoa-06-2015-0873.
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Purpose Local organisations have been established on participatory approach whose central purpose is to establish development activities bringing about positive change as four pillars of developments: to establish decentralised robust local organisation for sustainable forest management to enhance livelihood of rural people, to meet the forest products basic needs of local people, targeted interventions for poverty alleviation and social mobilisation initiatives and biodiversity conservation climate change mitigation and adaptation. Design/methodology/approach Local organisational elites designed/conceptualised the concept, where it can be operated organisationally and in local organisational context that provides new ways and methods to develop conceptual framework (Table I), which sheds light on involvement of poor and underprivileged members in decision-making process and distribution of benefit on equity basis. Findings The findings will lead to a positive change through the organisational elite model through both reorganising organisations and restructuring of power with change in the society and reduce the impact of rational choices, vested interests of elites (leaders of local organisation) and political factors, which are otherwise playing a game or tragedy of commons. Research limitations/implications Because of the limited resources and time, the authors are unable to verify it on the other development line agencies such as drinking water scheme, livestock, health and cooperative. Practical implications It considerably appears that the impacts are very sound to conclude from the review of above models of elites that provide a very clear understanding and useful conceiving lens to formulate how participation occurs in the executive committee of the community forestry user groups (CFUG) and community-based organisations based on three key elements. First are the caste and the caste structure of the community. Second is the wealth status of the individual, and third is power created both from wealth and caste. This should be determined from the local organisational elite model (Table I) about the nature of interactions on the executive of the CFUGs and other vehicles of local community-based development organisations. Social implications Local organisations will provide an opportunity in reality to both elites and non-elites to considerably change, make aware and create a realistic situation to determine the dialectical opportunity to develop relationship, interaction and configuration between elite and non-elite members both outside and inside of the local organisations. Originality/value It has not been found in literatures yet such sort of concept developed in development field particularly in the development activities performed by participation of local users. Hence, it is certainly original conceptual framework.
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Ivanova, Svitlana, Lyudmila Gainutdinova, Sergiy Kvitka, Mykhailo Shvydenko, and Olena Kulishova. "Models of management of the territorial community nature resources’ rational use." E3S Web of Conferences 255 (2021): 01025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125501025.
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The aim of the article is to present the results of the applied research, carried out to develop a model of land and water resources management for a united territorial community. The material was prepared on the basis of the results, which had been obtained during the implementation of the project, aimed to developing a vision for the strategy of the territory development. Within the development of the vision, the strategy for the development of the territorial community has been collected in a certain way, and then, on the basis of this information, a so-called mental experiment has been carried out based on various methods of information analysis. In particular, it gave the opportunity to develop models for the use of community’s land and water resources. Local governments should rely on carefully prepared information about available resources for more effective management of territories. One of the ways to get such information is the mental experiment method used with the aim of modeling potential ways of municipal territories’ land and water resources rational use.
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Gebremedhin, Berhanu, John Pender, and Girmay Tesfay. "Community natural resource management: the case of woodlots in Northern Ethiopia." Environment and Development Economics 8, no. 1 (January 6, 2003): 129–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355770x0300007x.
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This paper examines the nature of community management of woodlots and investigates the determinants of collective action and its effectiveness in managing woodlots, based on a survey of 100 villages in Tigray, northern Ethiopia. Despite limited current benefits received by community members, the woodlots contribute substantially to community wealth, increasing members' willingness to provide collective effort to manage the woodlots. We find that benefits are greater and problems less on woodlots managed at the village level than those managed at a higher municipality level, and that the average intensity of management is greater on village-managed woodlots. The factors that do significantly affect collective action include population density (higher collective labor input and lower planting density at intermediate than at low or high density), market access (less labor input, planting density and tree survival where market access is better), and presence of external organizations promoting the woodlot (reduces local effort to protect the woodlot and tree survival). The finding of an inverse U-shaped relationship between population density and collective labor input is consistent with induced innovation theory, with the increased labor/land ratio promoting collective effort to invest in resources as population density grows to a moderate level, while incentive problems may undermine collective action at high levels of population density. These findings suggest collective action may be more beneficial and more effective when managed at a more local level, when the role of external organizations is more demand-driven, and when promoted in intermediate population density communities more remote from markets. In higher population density settings and areas closer to markets, private-oriented approaches are likely to be more effective.
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NKHATA, BIMO A., and CHARLES M. BREEN. "Performance of community-based natural resource governance for the Kafue Flats (Zambia)." Environmental Conservation 37, no. 3 (August 12, 2010): 296–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892910000585.
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SUMMARYThe performance obstacles surrounding community-based natural resource management (CBNRM) in southern Africa have much to do with understanding of environmental governance systems and how these are devolved. CBNRM appears to be failing because of flawed environmental governance systems compounded by their ineffective devolution. A case study in Zambia is used to illustrate why and how one CBNRM scheme for the most part faltered. It draws on practical experiences involving the devolution of decision-making and benefit-distribution processes on a floodplain wetland known as the Kafue Flats. While this CBNRM scheme was designed to facilitate the devolution of key components of an environmental governance system, the resultant efforts were largely unsuccessful because of the poor social relationships between government actors and local rural communities. It is argued that in Zambia, at least from an environmental governance system perspective, CBNRM has mostly failed. While generally bringing some marginal improvements to local communities, the construction and execution of an effective environmental governance system have been largely flawed.
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Tantoh, Henry Bikwibili, and Danny Simatele. "Complexity and uncertainty in water resource governance in Northwest Cameroon: Reconnoitring the challenges and potential of community-based water resource management." Land Use Policy 75 (June 2018): 237–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2018.03.044.
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Walker, H. Douglas, and Wilfred R. Cuff. "SCIENTISTS, MODELS, AND RESOURCE MANAGERS." Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada 120, S143 (1988): 11–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/entm120143011-1.
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AbstractConcerns are frequently expressed within the resource management community that many of the tools or models being developed to help people manage resources aren't being used. Less clear are the reasons, but a look at the contrasts between resource management and resource science provides some clues. The disciplinary organization of scientific knowledge, compared with the general nature of management problems, contributes to the gap between science and management. Many of the difficulties that resource scientists are experiencing are shared by management scientists attempting to provide problem-solving support to managers. In fact, management scientists who are developing tools for use by managers are sometimes said to be doing research on "toy" problems because of their tendency to oversimplify the "messes" or complex systems with which managers are trying to deal. To derive tools of use in solving real problems, some resource scientists will have to be willing to study and work with resource managers in the context where problems are faced.
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Ernest Amoako-Atta, Ernest, Frederick Frederick Dayour, and Samuel Ziem Bonye. "Community Participation in the Management of Wechiau Community Hippo Sanctuary, Ghana." Ghana Journal of Development Studies 17, no. 1 (May 7, 2020): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/gjds.v17i1.1.
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Effective community participation in the management of tourism projects is advocated as a useful tool for sustaining such projects but also, as a means of empowering community members. Though this subject has received much academic attention in the broader tourism literature pertaining to other regions, the specific forms of participation relative to community-based tourism projects, the activities engaged in by community members as well as the impediments to their participation in such projects are yet to be investigated and understood in Ghana. Thus, this study aims to unpack how residents get involve in the management of the Wechiau Community Hippo Sanctuary, the specific activities they undertake as well as challenges they face in that regard. The study employed a mixedmethods research design comprising 206 surveys, six in-depth interviews and four focus group discussions. The results show that community members participate in the project through the services they offer to guests and compliance with laid down rules regarding access and usage of the resource. Also, there was unanimity regarding the forms of participation in the project which were largely coercive and inducive in nature but also barriers which were mainly operational and structural in a nature. In dealing with operational barriers, the study recommends that the Sanctuary Management Committee should provide community members with adequate information to sidestep any possible mistrust in the management. And to address structural barriers, management should also provide training programmes to the community to enable them contribute meaningfully to issues concerning the project.
Keywords: Community Participation, Tourism, Management, Mixed-Methods, Ghana
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SHACKLETON, C. M., T. J. WILLIS, K. BROWN, and N. V. C. POLUNIN. "Reflecting on the next generation of models for community-based natural resources management." Environmental Conservation 37, no. 1 (March 2010): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892910000366.
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Community-based natural resource management (CBNRM) has been a pervasive paradigm in conservation circles for three decades. Despite many potentially attractive attributes it has been extensively critiqued from both ecological and sociological perspectives with respect to theory and practice (for example Leach et al. 1999; Berkes 2004; Fabricius et al. 2004; Blaikie 2006). Nonetheless, many successful examples exist, although an equal number have seemingly not met expectations. Is this because of poor implementation or rather a generally flawed model? If the criteria and conditions for success are so onerous that relatively few projects or situations are likely to qualify, what then is the value of the model? The questions thus become: how and what can we learn from the past theory and practice to develop a new generation of flexible, locally responsive and implementable CBNRM models, and what are likely to be the attributes of such models?
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HOWARD, JONATHON LEIGH. "Managing for justice in community-based water planning: a conceptual framework." Environmental Conservation 37, no. 3 (September 2010): 356–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892910000627.
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SUMMARYThis paper provides a systematic way to consider justice in community-based environmental planning and management. A conceptual framework connects the literature on management functions to the empirical and theoretical research on justice. Two contrasting case studies of the water reform process in Australia are used to illustrate how to apply this framework. These case studies show that certain perspectives of justice are particularly pertinent during different phases of a planning process, and that community-based environmental planning and management can be more difficult when the stakeholders involved have different values and views about a resource, and when perceived injustices occur early in a planning process.
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KC, Anup. "Ecotourism in Nepal." Gaze: Journal of Tourism and Hospitality 8 (July 19, 2017): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/gaze.v8i0.17827.
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Ecotourism gives priority to ecological resource integrity, environmental conservation, community development and economic development by maintaining low-impact and non-consumptive use of local resources. There are different forms of ecotourism developed worldwide as community based ecotourism, ecosystem ecotourism, cultural ecotourism, nature based ecosystem, protected area ecotourism and rural ecotourism. It focuses on meeting three concurrent goals of biodiversity conservation, poverty reduction and business viability using sustainable principles and practices. In sustainable ecotourism, local government officials, local communities, NGOs, private sector and management committee had a great role for tourism development and maintaining healthy cooperation and coordination. Ecotourism had more beneficial impacts compared to adverse impacts on the environment, society and culture. It emphasizes the protection of natural resources, biological diversity and sustainability of resource. It increases mobility of people, social stability and harmony; strengthen traditional culture, hospitality and folkway; and decreases political conflicts. Economic benefits from ecotourism include direct employment in hotels, lodges, tourist restaurants, and tourist chauff euring. It is an integral part of the master development strategy of a developing nation. In Nepal, ecotourism helps to enhance forest cover, flora, fauna, greenery, alternative energy sources, natural resource, biodiversity and other environmental benefits. It had helped in controlling antisocial activities, conserving religious and cultural heritage, maintaining peace and prosperity and increase in cooperation of people with religious beliefs and religious tolerance. It had a great role in poverty alleviation, rural development, agricultural transformation, community enrichment and social empowerment of women in Nepal. In the early stage of ecotourism development, it is difficult to have adequate private agencies and local people involved in delivering lodging, fooding, tour management and tourism activities during peak visitation season. There is need of training on nature guiding, cooking, sustainable use of tourism resources, proper handling of tourism demands, expertise in park management and finance management.THE GAZEJOURNAL OF TOURISM AND HOSPITALITYVol. 8 No.1 Year 2017, page: 1-19
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Ipara, Hellen I. "Indigenous Wildlife Resource Management Systems of the Isukha Community of Western Kenya." Human Dimensions of Wildlife 10, no. 2 (July 2005): 141–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10871200590931833.
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LO CASCIO, AMANDA, and RUTH BEILIN. "Of biodiversity and boundaries: a case study of community-based natural resource management practice in the Cardamom Mountains, Cambodia." Environmental Conservation 37, no. 3 (September 2010): 347–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892910000548.
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SUMMARYIn the Cardamom Ranges (Cambodia) community-based natural resource management (CBNRM) is proposed by the international non-governmental organizations (NGOs) community as a natural resource management strategy to achieve the targeted outcomes associated with the protected area (PA) management plan. Local people are expected to participate in CBNRM projects such as community forestry (CF) in order that the protected area management plan can be realized. The experiences of the local people are juxtaposed against the aims of these local biodiversity projects. Overall, it is accepted by the NGOs and government agencies that communities need to be involved in the design and management of the PA and that the protection of biodiversity resources can only occur with the provision of alternatives for local livelihood options to decrease land clearing for agriculture and harvesting of wild foods and animals. This case points to a basic misalignment between biodiversity conservation and CBNRM. Participants in this study contested the meaning and usefulness of the PA and the CF projects. Their concerns were cultural, social, economic and political, exposing uneven relations of power and uncertainty associated with the long term outcomes. Participation itself required scrutiny in this situation, as did the promotion of a global biodiversity ‘good’ over local understandings of place and landscape. Lessons from more than 20 years of participatory CBNRM may be used to reconfigure the CBNRM ideal, to assist planners and implementers towards an integrated approach with biodiversity values reflected in both conservation and local production systems, acknowledging that these systems are culturally constituted.
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Boelee, Eline, Jan Janse, Antoine Le Gal, Marcel Kok, Rob Alkemade, and Willem Ligtvoet. "Overcoming water challenges through nature-based solutions." Water Policy 19, no. 5 (May 12, 2017): 820–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2017.105.
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Freshwater is a key resource and medium for various economic sectors and domestic purposes but its use is often at the expense of natural ecosystems. Water management must change to deal with urgent issues and protect aquatic ecosystems and their services, while addressing the demand for water from the competing claims for cities, agriculture, industry, energy and transport. In this paper key water challenges (shortage, pollution, aquatic ecosystems threatened) have been identified via global modelling. By the IMAGE-GLOBIO model chain a Trend scenario up to 2050 was modelled, as well as the potential of three ‘pathways’ aimed at halving average global biodiversity loss while also meeting the sustainable development goals. Biodiversity is then used as a guiding principle to address these challenges because water services depend on healthy and biodiverse ecosystems. Subsequently the potential of nature-based solutions is reviewed for four sub-sectors: cities, food production, hydropower, and flood protection, grouped under the three alternative pathways to meet key water challenges. Mainstreaming biodiversity into water policy requires integrated planning. Integrated Water Resource Management (IWRM) could provide an opportune starting point as a well recognised integrating framework for planning, to guide the actual implementation of nature-based solutions in sub-sectors.
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BROWN, H. CAROLYN PEACH, and JAMES P. LASSOIE. "Institutional choice and local legitimacy in community-based forest management: lessons from Cameroon." Environmental Conservation 37, no. 3 (August 12, 2010): 261–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892910000603.
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SUMMARYDecentralization of forest management has become a common policy globally which has allowed communities to regain rights removed through colonization and central state management of forests. However, socioeconomic and environmental outcomes of such community-based forest management schemes have been mixed. Studies have shown the importance of institutions in influencing the success of these new governance arrangements. Based on an extensive literature review supplemented by qualitative research, using focus groups and semi-structured interviews, conducted in nine villages in the humid forest zone comprising three community forests, this research investigated the successes and challenges from decentralization of forest management in Cameroon. A key constraint on success was the inappropriate institutional structure at the local level with responsibility to manage community forests. Community forest management committees with no internally recognized legitimacy and dominated by local elites had replaced roles once played by traditional authorities. Qualitative research showed that in the humid forest zone of Cameroon, the system of accountability for forest resources, prior to the enactment of community forest legislation, included those with historical traditional cultural authority, in the form of clan or lineage heads, as well as the village chief, a legacy of colonial power. Village chiefs or other members of the village council are also selected on the basis of their good moral character. Community forest management committees that are a hybrid of customary authorities and other representatives of the population chosen following the criteria for local legitimacy may capture the best of historical social regulation and build on it so that the local committee may be seen as being accountable to the local population. Since such hybrid institutions are not without their risks, it is important that these institutions be accountable to a local democratic government to further increase their transparency and accountability. Models of community-based natural resource management that incorporate culturally appropriate requirements of legitimacy and accountability in crafting local institutions may have more success in accomplishing both socioeconomic and environmental goals.
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Kraaijenbrink, Jeroen, J. C. Spender, and Aard J. Groen. "The Resource-Based View: A Review and Assessment of Its Critiques." Journal of Management 36, no. 1 (December 28, 2009): 349–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0149206309350775.
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The resource-based view (RBV) of the firm has been around for over 20 years—during which time it has been both widely taken up and subjected to considerable criticism. The authors review and assess the principal critiques evident in the literature, arguing they fall into eight categories. They conclude the RBV’s core message can withstand criticism from five of these quite well provided the RBV’s variables, boundaries, and applicability are adequately specified. Three critiques that cannot be readily dismissed call for further theorizing and research. They arise from the indeterminate nature of two of the RBV’s basic concepts—resource and value—and the narrow conceptualization of a firm’s competitive advantage. As their suggestions for this work indicate, the authors feel the RBV community has clung to an inappropriately narrow neoclassical economic rationality, thereby diminishing its opportunities for progress. The authors’ suggestions may assist with developing the RBV into a more viable theory of competitive advantage, especially if it is moved into a genuinely dynamic framework.
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Albert, Simon, Alifereti Tawake, Ron Vave, Paul Fisher, and Alistair Grinham. "Indicators of herbivorous fish biomass in community-based marine management areas in Fiji." Pacific Conservation Biology 22, no. 1 (2016): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc15051.
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There has been a resurgence in community-based management of coral reef resources in the developing world over the last two decades. However, many of the threats to reef ecosystems are increasing at a rate beyond local knowledge acquisition. Consequently, there is a continuing need for management tools and monitoring to support community-based approaches. Using algal, fish and reef indicators we provide a rapid assessment method of herbivorous fishes in Locally Managed Marine Areas in Fiji. The algal indicator technique provided a time-integrated assessment of the process of herbivory within Locally Managed Marine Areas and could be used by untrained community members to quantify management responses. Generally, reefs with higher herbivore biomass had a diverse low biomass of algae typical of healthy reefs. Reefs with fewer herbivores had a higher biomass of turf or leathery algae typical of degraded reefs. These results show that simple ecological indicators can be a useful addition to the existing local knowledge that underpins community-based management.
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Langergraber, Guenter, Joana A. C. Castellar, Theis Raaschou Andersen, Maria-Beatrice Andreucci, Gösta F. M. Baganz, Gianluigi Buttiglieri, Alba Canet-Martí, et al. "Towards a Cross-Sectoral View of Nature-Based Solutions for Enabling Circular Cities." Water 13, no. 17 (August 27, 2021): 2352. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13172352.
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A framework developed by the COST Action Circular City (an EU-funded network of 500+ scientists from 40+ countries; COST = Cooperation in Science and Technology) for addressing Urban Circularity Challenges (UCCs) with nature-based solutions (NBSs) was analyzed by various urban sectors which refer to different fields of activities for circular management of resources in cities (i.e., reducing use of resources and production of waste). The urban sectors comprise the built environment, urban water management, resource recovery, and urban farming. We present main findings from sector analyses, discuss different sector perspectives, and show ways to overcome these differences. The results reveal the potential of NBSs to address multiple sectors, as well as multiple UCCs. While water has been identified as a key element when using NBSs in the urban environment, most NBSs are interconnected and also present secondary benefits for other resources. Using representative examples, we discuss how a holistic and systemic approach could facilitate the circular use of resources in cities. Currently, there is often a disciplinary focus on one resource when applying NBSs. The full potential of NBSs to address multifunctionality is, thus, usually not fully accounted for. On the basis of our results, we conclude that experts from various disciplines can engage in a cross-sectoral exchange and identify the full potential of NBSs to recover resources in circular cities and provide secondary benefits to improve the livelihood for locals. This is an important first step toward the full multifunctionality potential enabling of NBSs.
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Gruver, Joshua, Kirsten Nicholson, Klaus Neumann, Subodh Sharma, and Carolyn Dowling. "Water Quality in the Sagarmatha National Park, Nepal: A Modification of Viable Field-based Testing Methods." Environmental Management and Sustainable Development 6, no. 2 (September 10, 2017): 361. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/emsd.v6i2.10635.
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Poorly managed solid waste disposal in the Sagarmatha National Park, Nepal, (SNP) is causing considerable degradation of major rivers and drinking water in the region. This research began as a study to: (1) identify sources of water contamination; (2) better understand the breadth of this problem; and (3) begin to develop technical solutions for resolving these problems. The remoteness of the study site and rugged terrain challenged the equipment used to collect and store samples and caused us to modify our protocols. Further, the complex interactions among natural resource management issues, increasing tourism, a struggling economy, climate change, and the risk of natural disasters (e.g., earthquakes) in the SNP triggered a change in our initial approach to the problem. We decided to broaden our research goals to include community-based resource management efforts designed to inform how resources are protected and governed in the SNP. Understanding communities, residents, and other stakeholder’s attitudes and perceptions of the social, economic, and environmental risks is necessary to help community leaders develop and sustain a useful governing framework to support water quality risk mitigation. This manuscript is an effort to communicate the evolving nature of our methodology over time and make a case for flexible research design, particularly in areas where geography, culture, and resource management potentially pose substantial challenges to traditional research methods. The methodology we eventually adopted is generalizable to similar remote mountainous regions around the globe.
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Tesfaye, Asmelash, Ermiyas Mekonnen, Mekete Girma, Tekleyohannes Birhanu, and Wondwesen Shiferaw. "ASSESSMENT ON NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT IN NYANGATOM DISTRICT OF SOUTH OMO ZONE, SOUTH ETHIOPIA." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 3, no. 4 (April 30, 2015): 70–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v3.i4.2015.3024.
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The aim of the study was to identify the local common resources, conducting SWOT analysis of existing traditional institutions, identify how access to and control over of common resources administered by traditional institutions, identify community and government proposals to enhance existing institutional mechanism and other measures to address unnecessary competition over resources and identify alignment of local government role with that of community priorities. The study employed Focus Group Discussion (FGD) and Key Informant Interview (KII) to collect the primary data. 1 FGD and 2-3 FGDs were held in each kebele. Natural pasture, trees and shrubs, livestock and water bodies are the major natural resources in the area. The communities in nyangatom have their own traditional way of administrating the available natural resources. Everybody in the community has access to the available resources but the control of these resources mainly lies on men’s specifically community elders. participatory nature of the decision making system and way of acquiring information prior to enforcement of punishment are the strengths of these traditional institutions whereas poor participation of women, lack of long lasting binding rules and lack of regular frame of time for meeting are among the weaknesses. In addition, there are resource use committee’s in the community that administer specific resources. The involvement of government in development of pasture land found to be poor. Increase in population, recurrent drought, disease outbreak, incidences of conflict and introduction of invasive alien species are the threat to NRM. Rehabilitation of the depleted grazing lands and introduction of improved pasture management, Maintenance, rehabilitation and construction of water infrastructure, improving livestock health, Expanding small scale irrigation, Ensuring security and Countering prosopisjuliflora were the mitigation measures suggested by the community.
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Bogodistov, Yevgen, and Veit Wohlgemuth. "Enterprise risk management: a capability-based perspective." Journal of Risk Finance 18, no. 3 (May 15, 2017): 234–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jrf-10-2016-0131.
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Purpose The purpose of this study is to enhance the existing enterprise risk-management (ERM) theory by introducing both a resource-based view and a dynamic capability perspective. These strategic management concepts might resolve several theoretical shortcomings in the field of risk management. The concept of risk-management capabilities is proposed as an explanation of a firm’s risk resilience. Design/methodology/approach This paper is conceptual in nature. For illustrative purposes, the paper refers to practical examples. Findings First, the resource-based view provides a framework that helps to set priorities in risk management. Second, the dynamic capability perspective illustrates how firms can handle unforeseen events. Third, it is proposed that dynamic capabilities are needed to allow a constant reassessment of the impact of specific resources and, consequently, of ERM priorities. Fourth, a risk-management capability, as an integral part of a dynamic capability, allows firms to develop risk resilience in turbulent environments. Research limitations/implications This paper develops an enhanced framework for ERM within specific boundary conditions. It shows how priorities at the strategic level are to be set, and how these priorities influence the operational level of risk management. Practical implications The framework provides clear guidelines on setting priorities in ERM and implementing a risk-management process within firms. Originality/value This study contributes to the theoretical literature on ERM by enhancing it through a new framework. The resource-based view and dynamic capability perspective benefit through insights from risk-management literature.
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Murdiati, Caritas Woro. "The Role of Customary Knowledge in Contemporary Forestry: Experiences from the Kajang Customary Community in Indonesia." GATR Global Journal of Business and Social Science Review (GJBSSR) Vol.5(3) Jul-Sep 2017 5, no. 3 (July 8, 2017): 84–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.35609/gjbssr.2017.5.3(11).
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Objective - This article analyses the co-existence of customary forest knowledge and management with contemporary forest policies, management, and the prevailing legal/regulatory framework. In addition, this article explores the extent to which customary forest knowledge and management have endured over time. Methodology/Technique - This research uses a conceptual approach based on perspective and doctrines from laws studies. Findings - Kajang's customary community has and implements moral principles as customary knowledge in forest resource management, such as respect towards nature, cosmic solidarity and the concern of nature; a simple way of living and life in harmony with nature. The several principles are supposed to be valuable basic for finding out the new ethical attitudes oriented to forest sustainability. The principles and the customary knowledge can be the strong basic for forest law development in Indonesia because it grows within the community. Novelty - The research embodied in this article examines how customary forest knowledge can inform the development of contemporary forest policies, management, and laws/regulations. Type of Paper: Review Keywords: Customary Communities; Customary Knowledge and Contemporary Forestry. JEL Classification: I21, Q23.
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Abdulbaqi, Al Khabouri, Muyibi A. Suleyman, Ahmed M. Thamer, and Kabbashi A. Nassereldeen. "Integrated water resource management plan (IWRMP) in Oman: way forward." Water Policy 9, no. 5 (October 1, 2007): 457–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2007.021b.
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Water resources management is a continuous challenge in the Sultanate of Oman. Owing to its rapid development during the last 30 years, the growing economy has brought an increase in urbanization with a high demand for quality water supplies. Increasing demands to be met include agriculture, population increase and rapid industrial and commercial development. These factors have created a lot of stress in the water resources availability in the country. This has resulted in degradation of the quality of the water especially in the coastal areas owing to over-pumping and saline intrusion. To satisfy water users' requirements and safeguard the scarce water resources in the country, an integrated water resources management plan is proposed. This plan is based on the perception of water as an integral part of the ecosystem, a natural resource and a social and economic good, whose quantity and quality determines the nature of its utilization. The integrated approach will review the current water resources situation in the Sultanate of Oman (increasing water shortages, deteriorating water quality, stress in water supplies, etc) and incorporate policy options that recognize these elements, develop national water policy and base the demand for and allocation of water resources on equity and efficient use. The Integrated Water Resources Management Plan (IWRMP) will also consider the capacity building of the human resources working in the water sector, the development of new institutions that will serve and match this goal, the integration of water planning into the national economy and, more significantly, community participation.
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Adams, Frank G., Colin B. Gabler, and V. Myles Landers. "The hiearchical resource nature of green logistics competency." Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing 36, no. 8 (January 14, 2021): 1474–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jbim-12-2019-0543.
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Purpose This paper aims to examine the common roots of both logistics and sustainability phenomena in supply chains to derive a new potential construct, green logistics competency. Design/methodology/approach Theoretical synthesis and conceptualization of new construct. Findings Based on Madhavaram and Hunt’s (2008) resource hierarchy concept, the key to successfully competing with a sustainable supply chain may lie in whether the resources enabling both sustainability and effective supply chains are interdependent, as opposed to merely co-existent. Research limitations/implications Most current theory regarding sustainable supply chains regards environmentally-friendly factors as resources that are additively bundled with supply chain resources. To determine if competitive performance differentials exist between truly green supply chains, and supply chains that merely adopt green practices, measurement must account for both the interdependence of green and supply chain resources, and their common cultural antecedents. Practical implications The study indicates that it is not sufficient for firms to have expertise in both sustainability and in supply chain practices; managers in each of those areas must develop the cultural antecedents of both supply chain and sustainability excellence if firms are to achieve meaningful competitive capabilities through sustainable supply chains. Originality/value This conceptual study addresses a paucity of theory describing how and why organizations build a genuinely green supply chain, as opposed to simply adapting supply chains to green practices.
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Bergstrom, Ryan, and Lisa Harrington. "Embedded in Nature: Challenges to Sustainability in Communities of the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem." Sustainability 11, no. 5 (March 9, 2019): 1459. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11051459.
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Solutions to sustainability transitions tend to be applicable for specific regions but not the whole of society. Limitations on what may be sustained also exist, and preferences will vary among people in different places. Because of these differences, there is a need for better understanding of the perceptions and experiences of local community members and the challenges they face in the transition toward sustainability to promote realistic and effective decision-making. As a region with significant natural resource protections, the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem has been known to researchers for decades as an ideal location to study human-environment interactions. The objective of this study was to determine the challenges to sustainable community development and natural resource management identified by residents of communities surrounding Yellowstone and Grand Teton National Parks. Thirty-two key informant interviews were conducted with decision-makers, with a focus on the communities of Red Lodge and West Yellowstone, Montana, and Jackson, Wyoming. Findings suggest that primary challenges include the seasonality of the tourist industry, disparities between agricultural and tourism-dependent priorities, and the implementation of stated sustainability goals. Challenges differ based on communities’ socio-economic conditions, dependence on tourism and recreation-based industries, and the influence of local and extra-local institutions.
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Sinclair-Maragh, Gaunette Marie. "Resort-based or resource-based tourism? A case study of Jamaica." Emerald Emerging Markets Case Studies 4, no. 2 (February 27, 2014): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eemcs-06-2013-0097.
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Title – Resort-based or resource-based tourism? A case study of Jamaica. Subject area – This case study can be used in the following subject areas: tourism management; tourism policy; tourism planning and development; destination marketing and management; hospitality and tourism management; special event planning and management; and attraction management. Study level/applicability – This case study is useful to both undergraduate and graduate students specializing in hospitality and tourism management. Case overview – This case study explored the nature of two forms of tourism development; resort-based and resource-based, and aimed to determine which is the more viable and sustainable option for the future of tourism in Jamaica, an island destination in the Caribbean which depends highly on the tourism industry. The literature established that both forms of tourism are challenged by several and varying factors and so their synergistic integration appears to be the most functional option for sustainable tourism development in Jamaica along with the involvement of the relevant stakeholders. Expected learning outcomes – The students should be able to: Distinguish between resort-based tourism and resource-based tourism by identifying the elements and attributes that make them different. ▪Explain the usefulness and drawbacks of both types of tourism model. ▪Discuss the nature of culture and heritage tourism and eco-tourism. ▪Analyze Jamaica's tourism model from the nineteenth to the twenty-firstst century by assessing the changes and developments. ▪Discuss the role of government in facilitating the development of a “wholisitic tourism model” that will facilitate the synergy of resort-based tourism and resource-based tourism. ▪Assess the role of the private sector in encouraging and facilitating resource-based tourism. Supplementary materials – Teaching notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email support@emeraldinsight.com to request teaching notes. Social implications – This case study conceptually and empirically analyzed the tourism model in Jamaica to ascertain whether or not the future of Jamaica's tourism should remain dependent on resort-based tourism or should it opt for resource-based tourism as a more viable and sustainable option. The discussion however, indicates that resort-based tourism can synergize with resource-based tourism to achieve sustainable development along with the involvement of all the relevant stakeholders including the government, hotel operators and the residents. The case synopsis likewise presented a concise summary of the literature reviewed regarding the concepts of resort-based tourism and resource-based tourism; and the case of Jamaica's tourism.The learning outcomes are intended to guide the teaching- learning process and stimulate students' understanding of the concepts of resort-based tourism and resource-based tourism and their specific implications in terms of tourism development in Jamaica. This knowledge can also be generalized to other destinations with similar historical background and tourism resources. The applied questions will guide the discussions and provide additional resources for assessment purposes. They will also help the students to critically assess the dynamics of tourism development.The case synopsis is consistent with the learning outcomes, corresponding applied questions and course recommendations. A total of two to three-hours teaching session can be used to discuss the constructs, analyze the case in point and answer the applied questions.
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Gruber, JamesS. "Perspectives of effective and sustainable community-based natural resource management: An application of Q methodology to forest projects." Conservation and Society 9, no. 2 (2011): 159. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0972-4923.83725.
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Zhang, Xiao Ni. "Investigation and Consideration on Co-Management at Dawan Village in Taibai Mountain Nature Reserve, Shaanxi Province, China." Advanced Materials Research 610-613 (December 2012): 3536–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.610-613.3536.
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Community-based management(co-management) is a new nature resources management mode for nature resources protection since 90's of 20 centuries. Dawan village, which is adjacent to Taibai Mountain National Nature Reserve located in Mei county of Shaanxi Province, China, is one of the first experimental villages to implement co-management. Based on the investigation, the problems of co-management in Dawan village was analyzed. Accordingly, suggestions were proposed to improve co-management in law, investment, residents’ perception and participation, incentive, NGO’s role, and monitoring system aspects.
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Lett, Béla, János Gál, Magdolna Stark, and Norbert Frank. "Development and Possibilities for Close-to-Nature Forest Resource Management in Hungary." Acta Silvatica et Lignaria Hungarica 12, no. 1 (June 1, 2016): 55–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aslh-2016-0006.
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Abstract Legal regulations of the activities of forest managers were fundamentally changed by the legislature of the past decade, and little is known about the actual change in forest management practices. Based on the data collected by the State Forest Service, this study investigates the changes of the past 15 years and presents the influencing factors, primarily the species and sectorial characteristics and differences In the study both the area of final cuts and regenerations are presented by modes, sectors and species. The main factors influencing forest resource management are site (which can be modified by climate change) and the corresponding species or stand type. Based on these possibilities, close-tonature forest management can be evaluated on a more realistic basis. The sum and average values for the whole country are too general; the country consists of sectors with different forest resource management properties.
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Hegde, Seema B., B. Satish Babu, and Pallapa Venkataram. "A Cognitive Theory-based Opportunistic Resource-Pooling Scheme for Ad hoc Networks." Journal of Intelligent Systems 26, no. 1 (January 1, 2017): 47–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jisys-2015-0050.
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AbstractResource pooling in ad hoc networks deals with accumulating computing and network resources to implement network control schemes such as routing, congestion, traffic management, and so on. Pooling of resources can be accomplished using the distributed and dynamic nature of ad hoc networks to achieve collaboration between the devices. Ad hoc networks need a resource-pooling technique that offers quick response, adaptability, and reliability. In this context, we are proposing an opportunistic resource-pooling scheme that uses a cognitive computing model to accumulate the resources with faster resource convergence rate, reliability, and lower latency. The proposed scheme is implemented using the behaviors-observations-beliefs cognitive model, in which the resource-pooling decisions are made based on accumulated knowledge over various behaviors exhibited by nodes in ad hoc networks.
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STOLL-KLEEMANN, S., A. C. DE LA VEGA-LEINERT, and L. SCHULTZ. "The role of community participation in the effectiveness of UNESCO Biosphere Reserve management: evidence and reflections from two parallel global surveys." Environmental Conservation 37, no. 3 (June 2, 2010): 227–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s037689291000038x.
Full textAbstract:
SUMMARYBiodiversity management has traditionally followed two contradictory approaches. One champions ecosystem protection through rigorous law enforcement and exclusion of humans. The other promotes community-based sustainable use of natural resources. Participatory conservation, a major paradigm shift, nowadays strongly guides the concept of UNESCO Biosphere Reserves (BRs). In this paper, the rationale for community participation, and the perception of its effectiveness among BR managers are analysed. Within the World Network of BRs (553 sites in 107 countries) diverse participatory approaches are being tried to advance community-based natural resource management (CBNRM). Data from two parallel surveys, involving managers from 276 BRs worldwide, reveal how far this participation paradigm shift has really occurred, and its influence on managers’ self-evaluated effectiveness. There is substantial regional disparity, although in general BR managers endorse inclusive conservation, despite critical implementation hurdles. The process of participatory conservation carries new dangers for effective biosphere reserve management, when the aspirations of communities and other stakeholders do not ‘fit’ with a predetermined interpretation of sustainable development.