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1
Kapa, Motlamelle Anthony. "Consolidating democracy through integrating the chieftainship institution with elected councils in Lesotho: a case study of four community councils in Maseru." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002996.
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This study analyses the relationship between the chieftainship institution and the elected councils in Lesotho. Based on a qualitative case study method the study seeks to understand this relationship in four selected councils in the Maseru district and how this can be nurtured to achieve a consolidated democracy. Contrary to modernists‟ arguments (that indigenous African political institutions, of which the chieftainship is part, are incompatible with liberal democracy since they are, inter alia, hereditary, they compete with their elective counterparts for political power, they threaten the democratic consolidation process, and they are irrelevant to democratising African systems), this study finds that these arguments are misplaced. Instead, chieftainship is not incompatible with liberal democracy per se. It supports the democratisation process (if the governing parties pursue friendly and accommodative policies to it) but uses its political agency in reaction to the policies of ruling parties to protect its survival interests, whether or not this undermines democratic consolidation process. The chieftainship has also acted to defend democracy when the governing party abuses its political power to undermine democratic rule. It performs important functions in the country. Thus, it is still viewed by the country‟s political leadership, academics, civil society, and councillors as legitimate and highly relevant to the Lesotho‟s contemporary political system. Because of the inadequacies of the government policies and the ambiguous chieftainship-councils integration model, which tend to marginalise the chieftainship and threaten its survival, its relationship with the councils was initially characterised by conflict. However, this relationship has improved, due to the innovative actions taken not by the central government, but by the individual Councils and chiefs themselves, thus increasing the prospects for democratic consolidation. I argue for and recommend the adoption in Lesotho of appropriate variants of the mixed government model to integrate the chieftainship with the elected councils, based on the re-contextualised and re-territorialised conception and practice of democracy, which eschews its universalistic EuroAmerican version adopted by the LCD government, but recognises and preserves the chieftainship as an integral part of the Basotho society, the embodiment of its culture, history, national identity and nationhood.
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Khan, Usman Awais. "Neighbourhood forums and the #new left' in local government." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.282119.
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DiGiulio, Laura. "Food Policy Councils: Does Organization Type Matter." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1492620713327182.
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Skinns, Layla. "Cops, councils and crime and disorder : a critical review of three community safety partnerships." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2005. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/226720.
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This dissertation critically reviews three community safety partnerships. It contributes to learning by using new data to examine some of the enduring challenges faced by the partnerships as they respond to the changing socio-political context. These multi-agency bodies primarily involve the police and local authority, along with the fire service, and primary care trust as statutory partners, and other criminal justice agencies. Although multi-agency work has a long history, Community Safety Partnerships originated most notably within the Morgan Report published in 1991. The principles outlined within the Morgan Report were subsequently embodied in the Crime and Disorder Act 1998 which itself attempted to formalise and standardise community safety structures and practice. The research has involved fifty-eight in-depth interviews with key stakeholders, and observation of twenty-nine meetings held in Birmingham, Cambridge and Lincoln. These three areas were chosen to facilitate comparison in terms of the size of the city, local authority structure, level of urbanisation and concomitant social deprivation, and levels of crime. My research suggests four key challenges. The first of these concerns the development of structures within the post Crime and Disorder Act 1998 period. The purpose, structure and processes varied between areas. Birmingham, for example, struggled to develop an appropriate structure because of its size and the devolution of local authority services. In all three areas, however, those interviewed noted a lack of decisionmaking and implementation which raised questions about the purpose of the partnerships beyond being 'talking shops' . The second challenge concerns the changing social context for new partnership developments. For example, the two-tier local authority structure in Cambridge and Lincoln posed particular problems. Moreover, in all three areas community involvement appeared to be symbolic rather than 'real'; this inhibited developments and emphasised some of the difficulties inherent in communitariarusm. The third challenge relates to funding and performance monitoring arrangements. Here, practitioners noted the influence of bureaucracy and 'short-termism'. The early 'honeymoon period' where there was relatively little government interference (Phillips et al., 2002) had ended and the partnerships had clearly experienced increasing managerialist pressure, but in spite of this pressure, evidence of longer-term success remained scarce. As outlined in the Audit Commission (2002), practitioners in the three partnerships acknowledged that with the exception of specific initiatives, the post 1998 developments had yet to make a significant impact on crime and disorder or that at best, they remained unclear about the impact. Such uncertainty about impact could be a consequence of the difficulties of measuring performance, of course, due to difficulties in accessing relevant data and information about community safety initiatives. Fourth, there appear to be inherent difficulties in assuming that 'many agencies are better than one' in addressing community safety (Liddle, 2001). An 'ideology of unity' (Crawford and Jones, 1995), however, may mask underlying tensions. My research revealed tensions at different levels, including tensions between the local partnerships and national government. This is not to say that local practitioners lacked autonomy, however, as they were able to resist some of the governmental constraints. But interagency relationships appeared to be underpinned by power struggles which served to undermine joined-up community safety practice; in particular, the struggles raised questions about who was responsible for community safety in each area. The challenges for the partnerships, as revealed in this dissertation, suggest that the recommendations within the Morgan Report of 1991 have not been addressed nor has the Crime and Disorder Act 1998 standardised community safety structures and practice. The notion of 'responsibilisation' (Garland, 2001) through decentralised governance is clearly a complex issue; the Government appears to wish to both 'steer' and 'row' each of the partnerships and this leaves practitioners uncertain of their own role. This is one example of the contradiction between the 'reality' and symbolism of community safety practice which seems to underpin the partnerships.
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Nygaard, Richard Jackson. "Utah Middle-Level School Community Councils: An Evaluation of Compliance, Processes, and Perceived Impact." DigitalCommons@USU, 2008. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/207.
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The historical perspective of schools in our democratic society provides a framework of tension between local parent and community control and professional and state control of public school decisions. Today, federal and state requirements demand increased student achievement. One school reform effort enlisted to help meet the challenges is the creation of site-based decision-making councils that involve school administrators, teachers and parents. The state of Utah requires each public school to have a School Community Council that is responsible for the development of plans for school improvement. Limited funds are provided to each School Community Council through the School LAND Trust Program. The funds are to be used to assist in the implementation of the developed plans for the purpose of increased student achievement. Three Utah Middle level SCCs participated in this qualitative strength-based process evaluation. Two of the SCCs were identified as exemplary, and the third SCC was just beginning to function as an SCC. Based on the three questions guiding the evaluation, the evaluation learned that SCCs identified as exemplary were compliant with the law, employed strategies identified in the literature for effective site-based decision-making, and implemented plans that were perceived to impact student achievement. In addition, themes emerged from the strength-based approach to learn what SCC processes influenced an effective balance between the professional expertise and the democratic involvement in decision-making. The emergent themes deal with processes related to membership and elections, sources of confidence, use of data to drive school improvement decision, and communication.
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Limwiriyakul, Sunsern. "A method for securing online community service: A study of selected Western Australian councils." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2012. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/479.
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Since the Internet was made publicly accessible, it has become increasingly popular and its deployment has been broad and global thereby facilitating a range of available online services such as Electronic Mail (email), news or bulletins, Internet Relay Chat (IRC) and World Wide Web (WWW). Progressively, other online services such as telephony, video conference, video on demand, Interactive Television (ITV) and Geographic Information System (GIS) have been integrated with the Internet and become publicly available. Presently, Internet broadband communication services incorporating both wired and wireless network technologies has seen the emergence of the concept of a digital community which has been growing and expanding rapidly around the world. Internet and the ever expanding online services to the wider digital community has raised the issue of security of these services during usage. Most local councils throughout Western Australia have resorted to delivering online services such as library, online payments and email accessibility. The provision and usage of these services have inherent security risks. Consequently, this study investigated the concept of a secure digital community in the secure provision and usage of these online services in selected local councils in Western Australia (WA). After an extensive review of existing literature, information security frameworks were derived from the adaptation of various resources, such as the OSSTMM 2.2 Section C: Internet Technology Security benchmark which was used as the main template. In addition, this template was enhanced into a framework model by incorporating other benchmarks such as NIST, CIS, ISSAF as well as other sources of information. These included information security related books, related ICT network and security websites such as CERT, CheckPoint, Cisco, GFI, Juniper, MS, NESSUS and NMAP together with journals and personal interviews. The proposed information security frameworks were developed to enhance the level of security strength of the email and online web systems as well as to increase the level of confidence in the system security within the selected local councils in WA. All the investigative studies were based upon the available selected local councils’ data and the associated analyses of the results as obtained from the testing software. In addition, the interpretive multiple-case study principles were used during the investigation to achieve or fulfil the purpose of this study. The findings from this study were then abstracted for use in a framework and made available for use as a model for possible adaptation and implementation to other similarly structured councils or organisations. As a result, the study confirmed that the proposed information security frameworks have the capability and potential to improve the level of security strength. In addition, the level of satisfaction and confidence of council staff of the selected local councils in WA in the system security would also be increased due to the application of these frameworks. Although these information security frameworks may be recommended as practical and supporting tools for local councils, the findings from this study were specific only to the selected local councils used in this study. Further research using other councils, may be necessary in order for the information security frameworks to be adopted within a wider range of councils or organisations in WA or elsewhere.
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Pointing, Randall John. "Implementation of school councils in Queensland state primary schools." University of Southern Queensland, Faculty of Education, 2005. http://eprints.usq.edu.au/archive/00001487/.
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In Queensland, all state schools have the opportunity to decide the model of school-based management they would like to adopt for their school communities. For schools wishing to pursue the greatest level of school-based management, School Councils are mandatory. Because School Councils will play an important role as schools become increasingly involved in school-based management, the operations of newly formed Councils were the basis of this research. The main purpose of the study is to determine, through both literature and research, what makes an effective School Council. Although Education Queensland has identified roles and functions, as well as the rationale behind School Councils, clear guidelines to assist Councils with their implementation and to gauge the effectiveness of Councils do not exist. Because School Councils have only been implemented in Queensland for a very short period of time, there has been very little research undertaken on their operations. There are three main stages to this research. First, an extensive literature review explored the theoretical, research and policy developments in relation to school-based management and School Councils. Second, a pilot study was undertaken of an existing School Council that had been in operation for just twelve months. The final and most significant stage of the research involved multi-site case study of three newly formed School Councils, the research being conducted over a twelve-month period to obtain a longitudinal picture of their operations. Two general theoretical frameworks, based on the concepts of change theory and leadership theory, guided the research. Data from the study were analysed within these frameworks and within six focus areas that were identified from the literature and pilot study. These focus areas formed the basis for the development of criteria for the implementation of an effective School Council that were investigated in the three case studies. The focus areas were: 1. promoting the profile of the School Council within the school community; 2. developing well defined roles, responsibilities and functions of the School Council; 3. developing roles and relationships of School Council members; 4. promoting accountability, monitoring and reporting responsibilities; 5. providing training and professional development for all School Council members; and 6. improving the functioning and operations of the School Council. The research was conducted within the qualitative tradition. Specifically, the method adopted was multi-site case study. Data-collection techniques involved questionnaires, interviews with School Council members, observations of Council meetings and an analysis of Council documentation. The findings from the study outlined a number of theoretical understandings and suggested criteria to assist schools in developing a more effective Council, including examples of strategies to support their effective implementation. It is envisaged that the theoretical understandings, the suggested criteria and specific examples will be of benefit to other schools where School Councils are being formed by providing them with a structure that will assist in the beginning stages of the Council's operation.
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Lou, Kong-sang. "User empowerment in the users' councils of Caritas neighbourhood elderly centres and district elderly community centres /." View the Table of Contents & Abstract, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B36784254.
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Lou, Kong-sang, and 劉港生. "User empowerment in the users' councils of Caritas neighbourhood elderly centres and district elderly community centres." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45014553.
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Torrence, William Alvin. "A model for perceived coalition effectiveness: the relationship of coalition variables to predict cancer councils' organizational capacity to achieve effective community outcomes." Texas A&M University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/3153.
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Public Health has long led the fight against unjust health disparities within the
United States. More and more health educators have had to rely on the social capital of
underserved communities via Community Coalitions. Throughout this study, the
significance and growth of coalitions and its importance within the field of Public Health
was highlighted. The purpose of this study was to test the operational constructs within
the Community Coalition Action Theory (CCAT), mainly the constructs of 1) stages of
coalition development, 2) membership engagement, 3) leadership, 4) coalition structures
& processes, as well as 5) perceived coalition ownership in explaining 6) perceived
coalition capacity effectiveness (dependent variable). Results of this study revealed that
perceived coalition capacity effectiveness was best predicted by stage of coalition
development and perceived coalition ownership. This model accounted for 55.5% of the
variance within this study when explaining the high impact participants achieved in
regard to their perceived coalition capacity effectiveness.
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Adepoyibi, A. C., and n/a. "Djungayin, Bungawa or Mr Chairman : analysis of management in a remote aboriginal community council in east Arnhem land." University of Canberra. Administrative Studies, 1988. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20060529.122940.
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Brown, Gary. "Opening 'Pandora's box'? : workplace community relations (WCR) strategies in Northern Ireland : an examination of three case study district councils." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.526836.
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Holley, Lynn Carol. "Ethnic agencies in communities of color : a study of missions, services, structures, and capacity-building needs /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/11152.
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Smith, Thomas A. "A Tale of Two Communities: Exploring Social Capital in Cincinnati's Madisonville and Oakley Neighborhoods." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1258491282.
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Montenegro, Elena Carmen Raquel. "On the road towards empowerment : Ayllu-community values and practices in an urban setting, the case of the community of urban Aymaras of Pampajasi, La Paz, Bolivia /." Connect to title online (Scholars' Bank), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/7778.
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Walker, Ayron Elizabeth. "An Exploration of the Structure, Issue Framing and Priorities of Virginia's Food Policy Groups to Collaborate on a Healthy, Resilient and Sustainable Food System." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/90285.
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Food policy groups (FPG) have emerged in the United States (U.S.) to create healthy, resilient and sustainable food systems. There is a lack of research about FPG in the Commonwealth of Virginia. This M.S. thesis describes a mixed-methods study that investigated the structure, issue framing, activities and priorities of diverse FPG in Virginia to develop a healthy, resilient and sustainable food system framed around three research objectives. Objective one used a scoping review to inventory and visually map the location of Virginia's FPG. Objective two administered a validated, online questionnaire to document activities related to organizational capacity, social capital, context, effectiveness, and community outcomes. Objective three used a semi-structured interview guide to explore stakeholders' views about opportunities and challenges to align diverse FPG priorities and interests. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and qualitative data were transcribed, hand-coded, and analyzed for emergent themes. Results found that 58% of FPG (n=32/55) are located cities around universities (i.e., Richmond, Blacksburg and Charlottesville), and fewer located in rural counties with higher health outcomes. A majority (75%, n=12/16) operated on annual budget less than $50,000. A third (37.5%, n=6/16) reported food system resilience work and 50% (n=8/16) reported sustainability work. Stakeholders (n=11) reported collaboration as a mutual interest and necessary to address systemic challenges and all interviewed FPG (n=11) reported sustainable funding as a major challenge. The results of this study may inform future policies for Virginia's FPG to support a healthy, resilient and sustainable food system at local, state and national levels.<br>Master of Science<br>Since the 1980s, food policy groups (FPG) including councils, networks and coalitions in the United States (U.S.) and other countries have emerged to address food system issues such as food insecurity, food access, diet-related chronic diseases, the environmental impacts agricultural systems, poverty and economic development in communities. In 2016, 411 FPG were active in the U.S. and Canada to create healthy, resilient and sustainable food systems. There is a lack of research about FPG in the Commonwealth of Virginia. This M.S. thesis describes a study design to investigate how the structure, issue framing, activities and priorities of diverse FPG in Virginia can develop a healthy, resilient and sustainable food system. Results found that 58% of FPG (n=32/55) are located cities around universities (i.e., Richmond, Blacksburg and Charlottesville), and fewer located in rural counties with higher health outcomes. A majority (75%, n=12/16) operated on annual budget less than $50,000. A third (37.5%, n=6/16) reported food system resilience work and 50% (n=8/16) reported sustainability work. Stakeholders (n=11) reported collaboration as a mutual interest and necessary to address systemic challenge and all interviewed FPG (n=11) reported sustainable funding as a major challenge. The results of this study may inform future policies for Virginia’s FPG to support a healthy, resilient and sustainable food system at local, state and national levels.
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Souza, Joyce de Oliveira Bezerra de. "Democratização da segurança pública através do policiamento comunitário: efetivação do direito fundamental à segurança pública cidadã com a participação das comunidades em Alagoas." Universidade Federal de Alagoas, 2015. http://www.repositorio.ufal.br/handle/riufal/1475.
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This dissertation addresses the democratization of public security through community policing, trying to assess whether the participation of communities in matters of public safety provides the effectuation of this fundamental right. For that, it starts its work analyzing conceptually public safety and constitutional treatment is given, set against the Brazilian State's proposal. Examine legislative aspects of PRONASCI (National Program of Public Security with citizenship) and the innovative perspectives brought to public safety from then on. The panorama alagoano violence is seconded to the understanding of local realities and the presence of authoritarianism in brazilian society and the modus operandi of the police by categorizing the deal with the citizen as to social class. Arrive in community police, relying on local and foreign literature to present legal bases that support police activities as this philosophy. International practices and local experiences of community policing are presented to the reader. The role of the community in public safety is studied, a theoretical approach of the term democracy, communitarianism Gisele Cittadino, aligned to finally enter the issues linked to Social advocacy community councils in Alagoas, exposing constituent and legislative aspects of implementation of the actions.<br>Esta dissertação aborda a democratização da segurança pública através do policiamento comunitário, buscando avaliar se a participação das comunidades nas questões de segurança pública propicia a efetivação deste direito fundamental. Para isso, inicia-se o trabalho analisando conceitualmente a segurança pública e o tratamento constitucional que lhe é conferido, contextualizado com a proposta do Estado brasileiro. Examinam-se aspectos legislativos do PRONASCI (Programa Nacional de Segurança Pública com Cidadania) e as perspectivas inovadoras trazidas para a segurança pública a partir de então. O panorama alagoano de violência é destacado para a compreensão da realidade local e verifica-se a presença do autoritarismo na sociedade brasileira e no modus operandi da polícia ao categorizar o trato com o cidadão conforme a classe social. Chega-se na temática da polícia comunitária, apoiando-se na literatura local e estrangeira para apresentar fundamentos jurídicos que respaldem a atuação policial conforme esta filosofia. Experiências práticas internacionais e locais de policiamento comunitário são apresentadas ao leitor. O papel da comunidade na segurança pública é estudado, fazendo-se uma abordagem teórica do termo democracia e do comunitarismo alinhado de Gisele Cittadino, para finalmente adentrar nas questões atinentes aos Conselhos Comunitários de Defesa Social em Alagoas, expondo aspectos legislativos, constitutivos e de efetivação das ações.
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Nogueira, Inês Santos. "Conselhos Comunitários de Segurança: a violência em diálogo políticas governamentais e suas práticas." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2010. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=8355.
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Os conselhos comunitários de segurança pública do Rio de Janeiro representam uma mudança institucional na área das políticas públicas de segurança. Trata-se de um canal de abertura que permite a participação no plano local, caracterizado pela busca da instauração de diferentes padrões de interação entre governo e sociedade em torno do tema segurança. Baseado nas recentes análises acerca da sociedade civil, em que esta vem sendo tratada cada vez mais como instância aproximada da esfera governamental. O trabalho propõe expor uma análise político-social do conselho comunitário do bairro Méier e suas adjacências, localizados na Zona Norte do Rio de Janeiro. Esta região é conhecida pelos contrastes sociais e elevados índices de violência, por concentrar, de uma só vez, um comércio próspero, grande número de habitantes e diversas comunidades carentes dominadas pelo tráfico de drogas e de armas. A experiência deste conselho permite conhecer que a consolidação desta arena depende não só da presença de organizações e representantes sociais aptos a reivindicar múltiplos interesses, mas também do comprometimento do governo em reconhecer essas arenas como canais privilegiados na relação entre poder público e sociedade. O conselho caracteriza-se como uma ferramenta inovadora à medida que trata de um tema conflituoso como a segurança pública. Esta arena permite a aproximação entre comunidade e instituições historicamente fechadas como as polícias militar e civil. O exercício dos conselhos comunitários de segurança pública pode colaborar para o aprofundamento de uma democracia brasileira mais participativa e de um Estado mais poroso, na medida em que aposta no envolvimento de uma sociedade civil mais organizada e atuante, de um Poder Executivo e órgãos governamentais mais dispostos ao diálogo.<br>The community councils of public security in Rio de Janeiro represent an institutional change in the area of public safety policies. This is an open channel that allows the participation at the local level, characterized by the pursuit of the establishment of different patterns of interaction between government and society around the theme of security. Based on the recent analysis of civil society, in which it is being treated increasingly as approximate instance of government. The paper proposes an analysis exposing political and social community council Meier neighborhood and its environs, located in the northern zone of Rio de Janeiro. This region is known for social contrasts and high levels of violence, by concentrating, at once, a prosperous trade, large numbers of people and various disadvantaged communities dominated by drug trafficking and weapons. The experience of this council will be known that the consolidation of this arena depends not only on the presence of social organizations and representatives are able to claim multiple interests, but also the commitment of the government to recognize these arenas as privileged channels in the relationship between government and society. The board is characterized as an innovative tool as it is a contentious issue as public safety. This arena allows closer ties between community and institutions historically closed as the military and civil police. The exercise of the community councils of public safety can contribute to furthering a more participatory democracy in Brazil and a more porous state, as it bets on the involvement of civil society a more organized and active, an Executive Branch and government agencies more willing to dialogue.
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Chenault, Tiffany Gayle. ""We did it for the Kids," Housing Policies, Race, and Class: An Ethnographic Case Study of a Resident Council in a Public Housing Neighborhood." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/30183.
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The Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) emphasizes the word "community" for building economic development, citizen participations, and revitalization of facilities and services in urban and rural areas. Resident Councils are one way to develop and build community among residents of public housing. This is a study of a resident council's role of community building. Despite HUD stressing community building in public housing and investing money and policies around it, there are some resident councils that are not fulfilling the expectations of HUD. The purpose of this research is to describe and explain the disjunctions between HUD's expectations for the resident council as an active agent for community building and the actual practices of the resident council. This research shows seven disjunctions stand in the way of the desired relationship between the resident council and the HUD officials: (1) emphasis on children, (2) leadership of the council, (3) perception that the resident council members are "snitches," (4) responsibilities of the resident council and HUD officials, (5) manager/managerial styles, (6) meeting dynamic, and (7) HUD structure and priorities. Focusing on the Rivertown Resident Council and building on a two year ethnographic case study of the council, I use a conceptual framework that combines critical race theory with a Scholar Activist Methodology to understand how housing policies, race, class, and the lived experiences of the resident council are apart of the disjunctions between the Rivertown Resident Council and HUD officials and what task can be taken to eliminate those disjunctions.<br>Ph. D.
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Beagley, David Edward, and d. beagley@latrobe edu au. "PARENT PARTICIPATION IN CURRICULUM DECISION MAKING: A CASE STUDY." La Trobe University. School of Education, 1996. http://www.lib.latrobe.edu.au./thesis/public/adt-LTU20041216.160407.
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This study is an historical study of parent participation in school level decision making, particularly in curriculum issues, in relation to the Victorian Government policies of Devolution through the 1980s. It was conducted as a case study of one rural secondary school, examining how the role of parents in the school�s curriculum development and associated decision making structures may have changed during the decade from the early 1980s to the early 1990s.
Three conceptual models were established, which served as analytical frameworks for the field data: a Theory model of how school level participation could operate, a Policies model deriving from the expectations of the major Government policies of the time, and an Historical model based on research and analyses of practice in Australia and overseas.
The findings indicate that little effective parent participation developed or took place in the school over the period under study. Major contributing factors identified are the lack of policy direction and official mechanisms, especially in implementation of change, the definition of appropriate participant roles, the culture of traditional authorities in education (teacher in the classroom, principal in school processes and bureaucracy in administration), and the local factors of community attitudes and demographic profile.
While the local factors are significant, it is concluded that the policies did not provide sufficient direction or mechanism to overcome the entrenched culture of traditional authorities in schooling. Changes in practice were directed more by the influence of specific personalities in single situations than any development of general attitude or institutional structure.
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Pereira, Rodrigo. "Escola e participação : um estudo sobre os conselhos escolares em Aracaju-SE." Universidade Federal de Sergipe, 2015. https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/4604.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior<br>The study about School Councils believes that this form of organization, when consolidating at school, suggests changes in how to manage educational institutions, as well as makes proposition to think about possible ways to enter new contacts in the school, focusing on the possibilities of an education based on assumptions and participatory political grounds. School councils are integrated collective, composed of segments that constitute the basic core operation of the school: parents and representatives from the civil society, the technical servers, managers, teachers and students. These segments form a legal unit that has different skills, but inclusive ones. It manifests itself through advisory, deliberative, supervisory and mobilizing character of participatory activities that are directed to follow the actions of the school. On this assumption, we believe that understanding the changes made on the school, with the aim of providing qualitative changes in the political and educational management processes, may be a necessary exercise to understand the directions and the structures defined in the educational system. For these questions, we chose, as a research object, the School Councils, which are asserted as a place of political and pedagogical settings and have the purpose of improving the dynamics of learning processes undertaken by the school. The research was conducted in the municipality of Aracaju-SE, between 2011 and 2013; it was to sample a set of fifteen (15) schools located in the most diverse neighborhoods in the city, 52 (fifty-two) people who answered to the questionnaires and a group of eighteen (18) people who participated of the interviews. All subjects in the sample are part of the chosen segments, namely: teachers, principals and parents to understand that the first two segments are directly acting on the guidelines of the school and have parents, as a representative voice of society, focusing, with their expectations and demands, a level of influence on the guidelines of pedagogical practice. The following techniques were used for data collection and analysis: Questionnaire, Interview and Document Analysis (Acts, Ordinances, Regiments, Decrees, Tables of measurement and evaluation of school results etc.). This research used as a guiding research a number of key issues, among them, we have: Is there sense in defining policy and teaching experience developed within the School Councils, as evidence of the meaning of Quality of the pedagogical processes of the School? Is there consistency among the official discourse, the discourse and the expectations of parents and teachers about the purposes and meanings of the actions of School Councils? All interpretive and deepening the study process was subsidized by important authors, among them, Paulo Freire, Jurgen Habermas, Bernard Charlot, Maria da Gloria Gohn, Carlos Alberto Torres, Jean-Louis Derouet, Claus Offe, among others. The thesis is organized into six chapters that present an analysis of the object and search results.<br>O estudo sobre os Conselhos Escolares considera que esta forma de organização, ao se consolidar na escola, sugere modificações na forma de gerir instituições de ensino, bem como faz proposição sobre possíveis caminhos para pensar a inserção de novos interlocutores no espaço da escola, incidindo sobre as possibilidades de uma formação escolar baseada em pressupostos e fundamentos político-participativos. Os Conselhos Escolares são coletivos integrados, compostos por segmentos que constituem o núcleo básico de funcionamento da escola: os pais e a representação da sociedade civil, os servidores técnicos, os gestores, professores e estudantes. Esses segmentos formam uma unidade jurídica que possui competências distintas, porém, integradoras. Manifesta-se através do caráter consultivo, deliberativo, fiscalizador, normativo e mobilizador de ações participativas que estejam direcionadas ao acompanhamento das atividades escolares. Por esse pressuposto, consideramos que entender as modificações realizadas sobre a escola, com a finalidade de proporcionar alterações de caráter qualitativo nos processos políticos e pedagógicos de gestão, pode ser um exercício necessário para compreensão dos rumos e das estruturas definidas no sistema educacional. Por estas questões, escolhemos, como objeto de pesquisa, os Conselhos Escolares, que se afirmam como lugar de definições políticas e pedagógicas e que possui a finalidade de aperfeiçoar a dinâmica dos processos formativos empreendidos pela escola. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida na cidade de Aracaju-Se, entre os anos de 2011 e 2013 e teve como população pesquisada, um conjunto de 15(quinze) escolas localizadas nos mais diferentes bairros da cidade, 52 (cinquenta e duas) pessoas que responderam aos questionários e um grupo de 20 (vinte) pessoas, que participaram das entrevistas. Todos os sujeitos participantes da amostra fazem parte dos segmentos escolhidos, a saber: professores, gestores e pais, por entender que os dois primeiros segmentos estão diretamente atuando sobre as diretrizes da escola e têm, nos pais, uma voz representativa da sociedade, incindindo, com suas expectativas e demandas, um nível de influência sobre as diretrizes da prática pedagógica. Para a coleta e análise de dados foram utilizados as seguintes técnicas: o Questionário, a Entrevista e a Análise Documental (Atas, Portarias, Regimentos, Decretos, Quadros de medida e avaliação de resultados escolares, etc.). Esta pesquisa utilizou como norteador da investigação um conjunto de questões fundamentais, entre elas, destacamos: Há sentido em definir as experiências políticas e pedagógicas desenvolvidas no interior dos Conselhos Escolares, como evidência do significado de Qualidade dos processos pedagógicos da Escola?Há coerência entre os discursos oficiais, o discurso e as expectativas dos pais e professores sobre as finalidades e os sentidos das ações dos Conselhos Escolares? Todo processo interpretativo e de aprofundamento de estudo foi subsidiado por importantes autores, entre eles Paulo Freire, Jurgen Habermas, Bernard Charlot, Mª da Glória Gohn, Carlos Alberto Torres, Jean-Louis Derouet e Claus Offe. A Tese está organizada em seis capítulos, onde apresentamos a análise do objeto e os resultados da pesquisa.
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Murphy, Charles Michael. "The School Council as an Agent of Instructional Change: a Comparative Case Study." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1995. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278879/.
Full textAbstract:
The involvement of teachers, parents, and administrators in shared decision making is a critical component in recent attempts to implement site-based decision making in Texas schools. This involvement is usually maintained through the school council, which is the sanctioned forum for discourse as defined by Texas laws. The purpose of this qualitative study was to describe and analyze the content and patterns of decision making discourse in three Texas elementary school councils. The research questions focused on (a) council member role descriptions, (b) training, (c) patterns of deliberation, and (d) varieties of issues discussed. A total of 44 council members participated in the research. Observation, interviews, structured group interviews, decision-making inventories, and documents were used to collect data from December 1992 until January 1994.
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Astolfi, Roberta Corradi. "Povo e polícia, uma só direção: os estreitos canais de participação dos Conselhos Comunitários de Segurança da cidade de São Paulo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8131/tde-30042014-114706/.
Full textAbstract:
Os Conselhos Comunitários de Segurança são uma das várias instituições participativas que apareceram no país desde a década de 1980. Já foram objetos de grande entusiasmo e de igual decepção. Esse trabalho busca compreender os Consegs da cidade de São Paulo de uma forma transversal, com método quantitativo buscando entender seu funcionamento e prática nos diferentes contextos de renda, escolaridade e crime. Dessa forma serão testados os diagnósticos mais pessimistas de que os Consegs são espaços propícios para a reprodução de representações preconceituosas e estigmatizadoras de certos grupos sociais. E também aqueles mais otimistas de que os Consegs produzirão, pela prática do diálogo, comportamentos cívicos e racionais. Além disso, informações históricas serão mobilizadas para propor uma explicação sobre a situação atual dessas instituições.<br>The Community Councils of Public Security are one instance among others of participative institutions that flourished in Brazil since 1980. They have been considered sometimes with great hope and enthusiasm and other times with exaggerated criticism. This research sought describe and understand how this institutions work throughout the various contexts of the city of São Paulo regarding differences in income, education and crime rates. The intention is to test previous diagnoses: first, those that are more pessimistic and believe that these spaces tend to worsen prejudice and segregation against certain social groups of people. Also will be challenged those diagnoses that are more optimistic and believe that the dialog and reason will produce civic learning. Also, historic information are retrieved in order to propose an explanation for the present situation of these institutions.
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Fernandes, Violeta Campolina. "Estratégias de mobilização para a participação comunitária de conselheiros municipais de saúde." Botucatu, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/182461.
Full textAbstract:
Orientador: Regina Stella Spagnuolo<br>Resumo: Introdução. A participação da comunidade é uma das diretrizes do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), sendo entendida como instrumento fortalecer a democracia e ampliar a cidadania. O presente estudo insere-se no contexto da participação comunitária de conselheiros de saúde e no fortalecimento de suas práticas. O objetivo geral foi qualificar conselheiros/as municipais de saúde por meio de oficinas educativas e do método da pesquisa-ação, com vistas a melhorar a participação da comunidade enquanto diretriz do SUS. Os objetivos específicos foram: identificar as temáticas discutidas nas reuniões dos conselhos municipais de saúde; levantar as fragilidades e potencialidades da participação comunitária nos conselhos municipais de saúde por meio de revisão integrativa da literatura; analisar mapas conceituais desenvolvidos em oficinas educativas no âmbito da capacitação profissional de conselheiros/as municipais de saúde; compreender a percepção dos conselheiros em relação a sua função participativa nos conselhos de saúde. Método. O projeto foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa com Seres Humanos da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu – UNESP sob número 1.578.025/2016. Trata-se de pesquisa-ação, de abordagem qualitativa e multi métodos: oficinas educativas, observação participante e grupos focais. A construção de informações foi realizada em três municípios da região de saúde do Pólo Cuesta no interior do Estado de São Paulo no... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)<br>Abstract: Introduction. Community participation is one of the guidelines of the Unified Health System (SUS), and is understood as an instrument to foster social capital, strengthen democracy and broaden citizenship. This study is part of the community participation of health advisors and the strengthening of their practices. The general objective was to qualify municipal health councilors throuch educational workshops and the action-research method, with a view to improving community participation as a SUS guideline. The specific objectives were: to identify the topics discussed in the meetings of the municipal health councils; to raise the weaknesses and potencial of community participation in municipal health councils through an integrative literature review; analyze conceptual maps developed in educational workshops in the scope of professional trainning of municipal councilors of health; understand the perception of counselors regarding their participative role in health councils. Method. The project was approved by the Committee of Ethics in Research with Human Beings of Botucatu Medical School - UNESP under number 1,578,025 / 2016. These are action research, qualitative and multi-method approaches: qualification workshops, participant observation and focus groups. Data collection was carried out in three municipalities in the health area of the Cuesta Pole in the interior of the State of São Paulo in the years 2016 and 2017. Documental analyzes, qualification workshops and focus... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)<br>Doutor
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Al, Mutawe´h Ebrahim. "Community leadership in a new democracy." Thesis, Brunel University, 2012. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/7076.
Full textAbstract:
The concept of community leadership as a field of study has attracted the attention of researchers for many years across the globe. The role of municipality councils is of great importance as an aspect of democratic governance. Councils have a significant role to play as partners to the central government in providing community services. This research attempts to explore community leadership in a new democracy focusing on the relationship between community members, community leadership and government organisations compared to the same of established democracies. The specific focus of the research investigation is community leaders and community members in the Kingdom of Bahrain as a new democracy. This thesis is an investigation of the success factors and barriers that influence the performance of municipal councils' members as community leaders. It also investigates how community leaders have practiced their roles and duties and assesses their performance and characteristics in new democracy compared to those of established democracies as exemplified in the UK, Canada, Australia, and the Philippines. The research objectives are: (1) to identify success factors that influence community leadership performance in a new democracy as perceived by community leaders; (2) to identify barriers that hinder community leadership performance in a new democracy as perceived by community leaders; (3) to identify the roles and duties practiced by community leadership in new democracies as perceived by community leaders and community members; (4) to assess community leadership performance in new democracy as perceived by community members; and (5) to identify characteristics practiced by community leadership in a new democracy as perceived by community members. Three sequential pilot studies were undertaken to gain better feedback from respondents and to build a strong foundation for the main survey. Two sets of questionnaires were developed for this study; the first set of questionnaires dealt with community leaders in new democracies, where they evaluated the success factors, barriers and roles and duties practiced by community leadership in established democracies. The second set of questionnaires dealt with community members in a new democracy, where they evaluated their community leaders through roles and duties, performances and characteristics practiced by community leadership in established democracies. The findings showed that municipal councils‘ members agreed on the importance of success factors and barriers that influence communities in established democracies and they were very positive about their own perceptions of their roles and duties in municipality work. On the other hand community members were negative about their own perception of their municipal leaders‘ roles and duties, performance and characteristics. The results also revealed an absence of clear demarcations of roles between government agencies and councils, and disproportionate demarcation of the constituents. The respondents agreed that awareness programs could be an important undertaking to improve and enhance the effectiveness of council leaders. This study may contribute to the literature by filling the gap related to success factors and barriers that influence community leadership performance in new democracies, focusing on problems facing community leadership and the solutions to overcome these problems. Furthermore, the governments of new democracies can use the empirical evidence to create and adopt new laws, policies and regulations that will redound to community improvement services, leadership enhancement and goal achievement.
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博志, 藤井, та Hiroshi Fujii. "地域福祉の開発実践と基盤のマネジメント : 社会福祉協議会の実践研究から". Thesis, https://doors.doshisha.ac.jp/opac/opac_link/bibid/BB12998725/?lang=0, 2016. https://doors.doshisha.ac.jp/opac/opac_link/bibid/BB12998725/?lang=0.
Full textAbstract:
本研究は地域福祉実践の体系化をめざす前段階の研究として、その実践の特性である「開発実践」の構造を明らかにすることを目的とした。研究方法は、一つの社会福祉協議会への長期にわたる参与観察を採用した。その観察の過程で、開発実践には地域福祉組織としてのマネジメントが不可欠であることが明らかになった。本研究はそれも地域福祉実践として重視する必要性を提案している。<br>This aim of this dissertation is aims to clarify fundamental components of developmental practices as a preliminary research to systematize community-based welfare practices. Long-term participatory observation at a social welfare council was the methodology applied is the long-term participatory observation at one social welfare council. As the result, The results reveal that the management as a community-based entity is inevitable to makeinevitably facilitates the implementation of developmental practices possible. From suchBased on the results, this dissertation proposes that the management to should be put conferred more importance onto asto effectively enact community-based welfare practices.<br>博士(社会福祉学)<br>Doctor of Philosophy in Social Welfare<br>同志社大学<br>Doshisha University
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Lima, André Camarinha. "O CONSEG Morumbi: as representações de seus sujeitos e seu lugar na disputas socias pela cidade." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8161/tde-08032016-143020/.
Full textAbstract:
Este trabalho investiga o histórico de constituição do Conselho Comunitário de Segurança do Morumbi (CONSEG Morumbi) e as representações sobre o tema da segurança que se expressam em seu ambiente. A partir disto, procura-se atribuir significado às estratégias de segurança elaboradas por este Conselho. O método etnográfico, pautado na observação participante, constitui elemento central da pesquisa que tem como fontes, também, atas de reunião do Conselho, entrevista concedida pela sua presidente e documentos oficiais relativos à criação e regulamentação dos CONSEGs. Inicialmente, identifico três momentos no processo histórico de urbanização da área onde atua o referido Conselho. Estes três momentos trouxeram para esta área grupos sociais distintos que disputam o projeto de urbanização da região. Ao longo do trabalho, identifico a apropriação social do espaço do CONSEG Morumbi pelos grupos economicamente favorecidos. Assim, constato o domínio, no ambiente deste Conselho, de certas representações sobre segurança que privilegiam a proteção ao patrimônio em detrimento de outros direitos civis, sociais e políticos, estabelecendo estratégias de segurança ancoradas no princípio da suspeição generalizada e na identificação das classes perigosas.<br>This dissertation investigates the history of establishment of the Community Council of Morumbi Security (CONSEG Morumbi) and representations on the issue of security which are expressed in their environment. From this, it seeks to give meaning to the security strategies adopted by this Council. The ethnographic method, based on participant observation, is a central element of the research whose sources are also meeting minutes of the Council, interview of its president and official documents relating to the creation and regulation of CONSEG. Initially, I identify three moments in the historical process of urbanization of the area where this council operates. These three moments brought to this area different social groups vying for the urbanization project in the region. Throughout the work, I identify the social appropriation of space CONSEG Morumbi by economically advantaged groups. So, I note the domain, in the environment of this Council of certain representations of security that emphasize the protection of heritage at the expense of other civil, social and political rights, establishing security strategies anchored in the principle of suspicion general and identifying \"dangerous classes \".
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Barrios, Susana Rosa Lopez. "Saúde, democracia e gestão: o caso dos Conselhos Deliberativos e Fiscalizadores das Autarquias Hospitalares Regionais do Município de São Paulo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5137/tde-28012008-114505/.
Full textAbstract:
O propósito desta tese foi analisar como os Conselhos Deliberativos e Fiscalizadores das Autarquias Hospitalares Regionais do Município de São Paulo exerceram suas funções de controle da gestão desses entes públicos e deliberaram sobre as políticas de saúde de sua competência em sua área de abrangência. Buscou-se, ainda, analisar o papel que os membros desses Conselhos de Saúde desempenharam; a influência exercida pelos gestores desses serviços de saúde, bem como os fatores limitantes à sua atuação e desempenho. Realizou-se pesquisa qualitativa de estudo de caso com triangulação de fontes. Foram entrevistados os superintendentes das Autarquias analisadas e os presidentes dos respectivos Conselhos, através de roteiro de entrevistas semi-estruturadas. Foi feita, ainda, a análise de documentos oficiais, incluindo as atas das reuniões desses Conselhos do período de julho de 2002 a dezembro de 2004; legislação municipal correlata; portarias do executivo municipal e documentos oficiais, entregues para vistas desses fóruns de participação comunitária. Esses Conselhos, tripartites e paritários, se reuniram mensalmente. Contaram com a participação dos membros dos segmentos usuários e servidores, porém os representantes do governo estiveram ausentes nos três conselhos, evidenciando sua falta de motivação e uma barreira à participação por conflito de interesses inerentes à suas funções na administração pública. Foi evidenciado que houve fiscalização das ações do executivo, apesar da falta de preparo técnico e da dificuldade de compreender a linguagem da burocracia do setor público pública. Tiveram acesso às informações contábeis, financeiras e assistenciais dessas Autarquias, demonstrando o respeito dos gestores pelo controle social. Deliberaramse questões pontuais da gestão, mas não políticas de saúde. A capacidade de influenciar as decisões do superintendente foi maior quando, para esse executivo, a participação social representou um grande valor. Observou-se, também, o amadurecimento desses fóruns com o exercício de suas funções e o investimento em sua capacitação que foi objeto de preocupação, principalmente de seus presidentes. Concluiu-se que, apesar dos fatores limitantes a seu desempenho, representam uma instância institucional de participação e controle que contribuiu para o acesso da sociedade organizada às instâncias de gestão, aproximando Estado e cidadãos e superando os limites da democracia representativa.<br>The purpose of this thesis was to analyze how the Deliberative and Supervisory Councils of Regional Hospital Autarchies in the city of Sao Paulo played their role of controlling management of these public institutions and resolved about their health policies within the Council coverage area. Moreover, it aimed to consider the role played by the health council members; the influence exerted by managers of these healthcare services, as well as the factors restricting their function and performance. A qualitative case study was conducted with triangulation of sources. The superintendents of the Autarchies studied and the presidents of the respective Councils were questioned by means of semi-structured interviews. Official document analysis was conducted including the minutes of Councils´ meetings from July 2002 to December 2004; related municipal legislation; decrees of the municipal executive branch and official documents submitted to consideration of these community participation forums. These tripartite and paritary Councils held monthly meetings, with the participation of users and employees; however, the government representatives did not often take part in the three councils, demonstrating possible lack of motivation and/or an obstacle to participate due to conflict of interests inherent to their public administration functions. It was shown that the executive branch actions had been supervised despite lack of technical preparation and difficulty to understand the language of public sector bureaucracy. The members had access to accountancy, financial and healthcare information of these Autarchies, which demonstrates respect of managers for social control. They deliberated punctual management issues but not health policies. The capacity to influence the uperintendent\'s decisions was greater when social participation represented a real value for this executive professional. Furthermore, these forums are more mature in playing their roles and investing in capacity-building processes, which are a concern, particularly to their presidents. It was concluded that despite the factors limiting their performance, the Councils represent an institutional forum of participation and control that contributes to access of the organized society to management agencies, thus placing the State and citizens closer to each other and overcoming the limits of representative democracy.
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Richards, Michael John. "Arts Facilitation and Creative Community Culture: A Study of Queensland Arts Council." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2005. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/16036/1/Michael_Richards_Thesis.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis adopts a Cultural Industries framework to examine how Queensland's arts
council network has, through the provision of arts products and services, contributed
to the vitality, health and sustainability of Queensland's regional communities. It
charts the history of the network, its configuration and impact since 1961, with
particular focus on the years 2001 - 2004, envisages future trends, and provides an
analysis of key issues which may be used to guide future policies and programs.
Analysis is guided by a Cultural Industries understanding of the arts embedded in
everyday life, and views the arts as a range of activities which, by virtue of their
aesthetic and symbolic dimensions, enhance human existence through their impact
on both the quality and style of human life. Benefits include enhanced leisure and
entertainment options, and educational, social, health, personal growth, and
economic outcomes, and other indirect benefits which enrich environment and
lifestyle.
Queensland Arts Council (QAC) and its network of branches has been a dominant
factor in the evolution of Queensland's cultural environment since the middle of the
20th century. Across the state, branches became the public face of the arts, drove
cultural agendas, initiated and managed activities, advised governments, wrote
cultural policies, lobbied, raised funds and laboured to realise cultural facilities and
infrastructure.
In the early years of the 21st century, QAC operates within a complex, competitive
and rapidly changing environment in which orthodox views of development,
oriented in terms of a left / right, or bottom up / top down dichotomy, are breaking
down, and new convergent models emerge. These new models recognise synergies
between artistic, social, economic and political agendas, and unite and energise them
in the realm of civil society. QAC is responding by refocusing policies and programs
to embrace these new models and by developing new modes of community
engagement and arts facilitation.
In 1999, a major restructure of the arts council network saw suffragan branches
become autonomous Local Arts Councils (LACs), analogous to local Cultural
Industry support organisations. The resulting network of affiliated LACs provides a
potentially highly effective mechanism for the delivery of arts related products and
services, the decentralisation of cultural production, and the nurturing across the state
of Creative Community Cultures which equip communities, more than any other
single asset, to survive and prosper through an era of unsettling and relentless
change.
Historical, demographic, behavioural (participation), and attitudinal data are
combined to provide a picture of arts councils in seven case study sites, and across
the network. Typical arts council members are characterised as omnivorous cultural
consumers and members of a knowledge class, and the leadership of dedicated
community minded people is identified as the single most critical factor determining
the extent of an LAC's activities and its impact on community.
Analysis of key issues leads to formulation of eight observations, discussed with
reference to QAC and LACs, which might guide navigation in the regional arts field.
These observations are then reformulated as Eight Principles Of Effective Regional
Arts Facilitation, which provide a framework against which we might evaluate arts
policy and practice.
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Richards, Michael John. "Arts Facilitation and Creative Community Culture: A Study of Queensland Arts Council." Queensland University of Technology, 2005. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16036/.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis adopts a Cultural Industries framework to examine how Queensland's arts council network has, through the provision of arts products and services, contributed to the vitality, health and sustainability of Queensland's regional communities. It charts the history of the network, its configuration and impact since 1961, with particular focus on the years 2001 - 2004, envisages future trends, and provides an analysis of key issues which may be used to guide future policies and programs. Analysis is guided by a Cultural Industries understanding of the arts embedded in everyday life, and views the arts as a range of activities which, by virtue of their aesthetic and symbolic dimensions, enhance human existence through their impact on both the quality and style of human life. Benefits include enhanced leisure and entertainment options, and educational, social, health, personal growth, and economic outcomes, and other indirect benefits which enrich environment and lifestyle. Queensland Arts Council (QAC) and its network of branches has been a dominant factor in the evolution of Queensland's cultural environment since the middle of the 20th century. Across the state, branches became the public face of the arts, drove cultural agendas, initiated and managed activities, advised governments, wrote cultural policies, lobbied, raised funds and laboured to realise cultural facilities and infrastructure. In the early years of the 21st century, QAC operates within a complex, competitive and rapidly changing environment in which orthodox views of development, oriented in terms of a left / right, or bottom up / top down dichotomy, are breaking down, and new convergent models emerge. These new models recognise synergies between artistic, social, economic and political agendas, and unite and energise them in the realm of civil society. QAC is responding by refocusing policies and programs to embrace these new models and by developing new modes of community engagement and arts facilitation. In 1999, a major restructure of the arts council network saw suffragan branches become autonomous Local Arts Councils (LACs), analogous to local Cultural Industry support organisations. The resulting network of affiliated LACs provides a potentially highly effective mechanism for the delivery of arts related products and services, the decentralisation of cultural production, and the nurturing across the state of Creative Community Cultures which equip communities, more than any other single asset, to survive and prosper through an era of unsettling and relentless change. Historical, demographic, behavioural (participation), and attitudinal data are combined to provide a picture of arts councils in seven case study sites, and across the network. Typical arts council members are characterised as omnivorous cultural consumers and members of a knowledge class, and the leadership of dedicated community minded people is identified as the single most critical factor determining the extent of an LAC's activities and its impact on community. Analysis of key issues leads to formulation of eight observations, discussed with reference to QAC and LACs, which might guide navigation in the regional arts field. These observations are then reformulated as Eight Principles Of Effective Regional Arts Facilitation, which provide a framework against which we might evaluate arts policy and practice.
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Sproule, Jennifer Elizabeth May. "Voluntary action, health and social well being in the Derry City Council area." Thesis, University of Ulster, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.268614.
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Wardhaugh, Julia. "Asian women and housing : the potential for community action." Thesis, University of Stirling, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.236092.
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Smith, Katherine K. "A Phenomenological Study of Aesthetic Experience Within an Arts Council's Events and Programs: Finding Joy, Expression, Connection, and Public Good in the Arts." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1479423181791095.
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Indonga, Simon Namwandi. "Community participation in sustainable human settlements : the case of Khomas Regional Council /." Link to the online version, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/1054.
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Indongo, Simon Namwandi. "Community participation in sustainable human settlements : the case of Khomas Regional Council." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/3417.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (MPhil (Public Management and Planning))--University of Stellenbosch, 2006.<br>This assignment presents the analysis of poor public participation in the
Khomas Regional Council where there is a need for popular participation in
the development initiatives and projects. Public participation, allows the public
to participate in programmes and projects through established institutions and
structures. The main objective of the study was to conduct three months’
internships to investigate the importance of community participation. The
study envisaged assessing the effectiveness of the Council to deliver basic
services such as drinking water, adequate shelter, and sanitation to the
community by taking the limited resources into consideration. The study also
analysed some challenges the Council is facing in the implementation of the
sustainable human settlement projects.
The complex and multidimensional nature of public participation is dealt with.
As a result, participation can give women and other groups of people who are
usually marginalized from the community activities the opportunity to influence
development initiatives in their communities.
In terms of design and methodology, the active participation and direct
involvement as well as working with Council’s staff and the community at
large formed the basis of the study. The survey on public participation
conducted by Regional Council revealed that absence of public participation
policy and legislation makes it difficult for Councillors to implement the public
participation process. There is lack of information sharing and communication
breaks down between councilors and residents. Lack of capacity building and
resources for Constituency Development Committee members prevails in
Khomas region. There is confusion regarding political meetings and there is
also poor attendance to meetings. In addition, the study recommends that
Council should forge a constant consultation and collaboration between the
Regional Council and citizens. Establish mechanisms and structures through
which citizens can initiate voluntary and interested groups to facilitate their
participation in the Regional affairs. Create forums for meetings, workshops,
seminars and conferences to discuss and debate pertinent issues. Strengthen the capacity of Regional Development Coordinating Committee (RDCC),
Constituency Development Committee (CDCs) and other structures.
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Kouna, Eloundou Charlotte Gisèle. "Décentralisation forestière et gouvernance locale des forêts au Cameroun : le cas des forêts communales et communautaires dans la région Est." Phd thesis, Université du Maine, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00795695.
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Étudier la mise en œuvre de la décentralisation forestière au Cameroun est l'objet de cette recherche dont la question principale est de savoir si le transfert de la gestion des forêts aux communes et communautés villageoises conduit à de nouvelles formes de gouvernance concourant au développement socio-économique local et à la conservation des forêts dans la région Est. Les résultats de cette étude, basée sur une méthodologie pluridisciplinaire et utilisant la gouvernance comme cadre d'analyse, indiquent des relations complexes d'interdépendances inégales entre les communes et les communautés villageoises vis-à-vis des exploitants forestiers. Ils montrent également des rapports de dépendance de ces trois catégories d'acteurs vis-à-vis de l'État dont le pouvoir autoritaire reste fort et prégnant. Quant au développement socio-économique et à la conservation des forêts escomptés, les résultats obtenus sont en-deçà des espérances dans les communes de Gari Gombo et de Yokadouma. Certes l'on note quelques retombées socio-économiques pour les populations locales mais de nombreuses faiblesses limitantes pour une gouvernance efficace sont mises en lumière. Des perspectives pour une gouvernance efficace, au Cameroun en général et dans la zone d'étude en particulier, suggèrent l'organisation d'une action collective autour d'un objectif partagé, relatif au développement socio-économique et/ou à la conservation des forêts, entre les différents acteurs stratégiques pertinents. Il est également important que les bénéficiaires des forêts communales et communautaires en tirent des revenus suffisants pour réaliser des projets de développement local et assurer la régénération forestière.
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Shakona, Yousif Maloud Mohammed. "The Arab regional organizations' relations with the European Community." Thesis, University of Kent, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.318111.
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Jones, Lisa Julienne. "Issues of representation within the Health Advisory Council of a remote NSW community /." Title page, table of contents and summary only, 1998. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09MPM/09mpmj77.pdf.
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Roberts, Anthony Nigel. "Local government relationships with community groups : a case study of Leicester City Council." Thesis, Birmingham City University, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.497408.
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This thesis examines the relationship between local authorities and community groups existing within their boundaries. This is not a new field and a number of significant studies have been carried out on, for example, the classification of community groups or the community groups of which councillors are members. The previous studies are, however, in excess of twenty years old and they need to be updated to take cognisance of the post modernisation era of local government resulting from the Local Government Act 2000. The principal contribution of this research is to fill a gap in the existing knowledge by developing a typology of all relationships.
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Sherrington, Philippa J. "Political authority within the European Community : the operation of the Council of Ministers." Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 1996. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/22522/.
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The Council of Ministers is arguably the most powerful of the EC's institutions, yet its operation still awaits an authoritative analysis. To date, research into the operation of the Council has tended only to deal with aspects of its structure, rather than analysing it as a complete body. Furthermore, there has been little theoretical appreciation of its internal operation, as research has tended to rely on existing methods of analysing EC policy-making. Therefore, a new methodological approach seems to be required which will address this lacuna in EC literature. Whilst the Council of Ministers legislates, it also negotiates. It would seem appropriate then to design a new approach that draws on both policy analysis and negotiation theory. The analytical framework used material drawn from interviews, and both primary and secondary written sources, to evaluate the day-to-day workings of a number of technical councils that constitute the Council of Ministers. Although there is an information deficit on the work of the Council, the flexible design of the framework allowed valuable insights into its operation. The findings gave some indication of the dynamics of the interactions between member states, which provides a better understanding of EC policymaking. The Council of Minister's character is influenced by member states. Their attitudes seem to have a strong effect upon the operational mechanisms of the various technical councils The Council may be an EC institution, but it is also the forum in which member states negotiate, preferring the diplomatic, consensus approach to prescriptive voting methods.
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Rife, Miranda L. "Cultivating a Creative Community: A Case Study of the Gahanna Area Arts Council." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1561911853082464.
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Saifi, Khader M. M. Al. "The impact of information technology on hospital management of Gulf Corporation Council public hospitals." Thesis, University of Hull, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.272025.
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Information technology (m has become crucial to the functioning of modern hospitals. It includes a range of human elements, infornlation, equipment, knowledge and systems. It is important to hospitals, as these are complex environments including many systems with diversity of functions, sub-systems, and professionals. The adoption of technology can be explained by four general theories: economic, political, social and globalization theory. Based on these theories five sets of reasons can account for the adoption of IT in a hospital environnlent. They are, practical; to solve existing problems, economic/business; to achieve d profit or reduce costs or both, rational; to achieve efficienL1' and effectiveness, social; to respond to pressure from society for political reasons and to increase positive image, and supply driven forces by which IT producers seek to sell their products and services. However, no one theory or set of reasons can by itself explain the precise drive for use of IT because nluch depends on each hospital's needs and surrounding drcunlStances. The purposes of this research are to investigate the extent to which IT is being used in Gulf Corporation Council (GCC) public hospitals, why IT has been adopted, and the impact of IT on hospital managementThe methods used in conducting this research were based lllainly on three established methods for searching and collecting infomlation; a literature review, the surveyor questionnaire, intervie,,'s and case studies. Five case studies in Qatar, the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and Bahrain were undertaken to cover Gee hospitals and medical centres populations. Most health and medical services in Gee Countries are provided by public hospitals which account for approximately 64% of total hospital provision, employ most medical professionals, mainly expatriates, and contain most patient beds. In Gee hospitals, IT is still in the early stages of implementation. IT has been found to be adopted at a low level due to reasons such as lack of awareness, other priorities in health policy strategies, and the low level of funding allocated. IT can provide hospitals with many benefits, solve many problems and has many inlpacts on human and functional systems, internal power balances and on the social status of hospitals. The benefits are found to be mostly in the areas of processing work. Therefore, the areas which were given priority for IT implementation were medical records, finance, and personnel areas. No significant impacts v"ere found on hospital structure, chain of conlllland, span of control and nUlllber of employees, however, itwas found that IT increased management power, hospitals' social in1age and hospital political power, while there were disagreements about IT impacts on employees' social relations. The evaluation of IT impacts on Gee hospital management shows that the impacts were not at the same level of intensity or direction, for example, sonle impacts ,",'ere positive and some negative; some significant, moderate or nurunlal, some ambiguous or obvious, were some were slow and some fast. Some efforts at Gee States level were made to develop a model of adopting IT but no real results were detected. However, the future role of IT in Gee public hospitals will be increasing perhaps at a slower pace, but two strategic issues should be given proper consideration; first; the role of the education system, research centers, and industrictl foundation, and the second strategy concerns hospital systems and services structure. This later is related to increased privatization of medical services, economic pressure, and changes in governments' employment strategy. The importance of this thesis is to draw the attention of decisionmakers to the role of IT as an efficient managerial tool in some respects and to provide a foundation for future studies
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Glenn, Fiel Fernandez. "Youth Council Participation in Community-based Disaster Risk Reduction in Infanta and Makati, Philippines." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/199479.
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Smith, Gregory N. "The diocesan synod an instrument of communion and mission in the particular church /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2005. http://www.tren.com.
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Bancroft, Peter W. "Analysis of the distributional consequences of the introduction of the Council Tax in England in 1993." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1995. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1373/.
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The thesis's principal aim is to investigate the distributional impact of the introduction of the Council Tax as the Community Charge's replacement in England in April 1993. The thesis's empirical analyses consider the distribution of the local tax burden at the household level in terms of income groups, household types and geographical location. The research models the introduction of the Council Tax using a large set of data provided by the Nationwide Anglia Building Society. These data comprise details of over 75,000 mortgages granted by the Building Society between 1988 and 1990 and are sufficiently detailed to allow calculation of individual and household liability for both Community Charge and Council Tax. The Council Tax is chiefly a property tax based on the capital value of domestic property. Because the capital value of domestic property is unevenly distributed both geographically and across income groups, necessarily the Council Tax's burden is also distributed geographically and across income groups. Previous distributional analyses of the impact of the Council Tax have been unable to consider this spatial distribution. However, the Nationwide Anglia data allow analysis of this spatial distribution. The thesis considers a number of influences on the tax's distribution - the use of capital value as a tax base; the operation of the Revenue Support Grant; the Council Tax Transitional Relief Scheme; the Council Tax's hybrid personal / property tax design; as well as the distributional implications of the transition to a form of property tax from the Community Charge's flat- rate poll tax. The final chapter uses the implications of the preceding distributional analyses to consider the Council Tax in the longer term as part of a broader solution to the historic difficulties of the overall local government finance system.
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Overkamp, Robert J. "The minister of holy communion from Gratian through the Second Vatican Council." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1998. http://www.tren.com.
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Quantz, Darryl. "Public participation in health policy, a case study of the Region 4 Aboriginal Community Health Council." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/mq65131.pdf.
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Bayliss, Darrin. "Council cottages and community in inter-war Britain : a study of class, culture, politics and place." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 1998. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/1384.
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This thesis makes a contribution to the debates surrounding the idea of community on the cottage council estates of inter-war Britain. It questions the conventional wisdom that community was lacking upon these estates. Recognising the problematic nature of the notion of community, this thesis overcomes the confusion inherent in the term when it is used to describe social structures by viewing community instead as a structure of meaning, as a discursive rather than material reality. This guides my examination of community on the estates. Rather than there being no community, it is argued that there were at least three different discourses of community, and what is important is the relationships between them. Chapter One discusses the contexts in which these estates were built, and then sets out the ways in which community is understood in this thesis. Chapter Two explains the methodology that was used, a combination of archival and oral histoiy. In Chapter Three Roehampton and Watling - the two estates this research focuses upon - are described in order to provide the contextual setting for my interpretation of the discourses of community that were present there. Chapter Four is concerned with community from the viewpoint of the residents who lived on the estates. Chapter Five considers discourses of community from the point of view of the tenants' and residents' associations that developed upon Roehampton and Watling. Chapter Six explores the discourse of community that was promoted on the estates by the Community Association movement. Overall the thesis argues that the discourses of community on inter-war housing estates have to be understood in terms of the occupational structures, cultures and politics of these estates.
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Mpungose, Muzi Sylvester Cyril. "Assessing the role of traditional leaders and ward councilors in promoting community development in Umlalazi municipality." Thesis, University of Zululand, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10530/1842.
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A dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Commerce, Administration and Law in fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Public Administration in the Department Public Administration at the University of Zululand, 2018.<br>The South Africa government and various interested parties have extensively debated the relevance and place of traditional leadership in our democracy. The core of the debate is the notion of incompatibility of this institution with democracy and human rights. The 1996 Constitution of the Republic of South Africa set the tone for the recognition of traditional leaders in a democratic dispensation. The study assessed the role of traditional leaders and ward councillors in promoting community development in uMlalazi Municipality. The aim was to identify the limitations in community development programmes and how much does traditional leaders observe government regulations in service delivery and the impact that it has created. Questionnaires were administered to a sample of 82 participants, but only 72 questionnaires were returned. The research participants were businesses, churches, ward committee members, ward councilors, traditional leaders, and community members. Both quantitative and qualitative research methods were used to analyse the data. The study revealed the challenges facing communities regarding development. It also became apparent that the South African Constitution does not clearly define the roles and responsibilities traditional leaders should play in society. Possible solutions were identified in a form of recommendations, that in the implementation of the Integrated Development Planning programmes they should consider Batho Pele principles.
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Limerick, Michael. "What Makes an Aboriginal Council Successful? Case Studies of Aboriginal Community Government Performance in Far North Queensland." Thesis, Griffith University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367186.
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Improving Aboriginal community governance is increasingly recognised as pivotal to closing the gap in social and economic outcomes between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal Australians. The past decade has seen a shift in Indigenous policy from a preoccupation with national governance structures and a broader human rights agenda to a focus on governments engaging directly with local Indigenous communities to address the specific manifestations of Indigenous disadvantage. In discrete Aboriginal settlements, community governments are central to this new strategy, both as advocates for community needs and as agencies for program and service delivery. Yet Aboriginal Councils have had a chequered history, leading to persistent misgivings about their capacity to achieve desired outcomes. There is a dearth of empirical evidence about ‘what works and what doesn’t’ in the unique and challenging context of Aboriginal community governance. The current study was motivated by the desire to discover what is required for an Aboriginal Council to be successful in achieving the outcomes desired by its constituents. Specifically, what governance attributes contribute to successful Aboriginal community government performance? Moreover, the research sought to delve deeper, to seek answers to the more fundamental question concerning the contextual, historical or cultural factors that shape a particular Aboriginal community’s approach to governance, whether successful or unsuccessful. The research involved three case studies of Aboriginal Councils, in the far north Queensland communities of Yarrabah, Hope Vale and Lockhart River. Unlike previous studies of Indigenous community governance, the research design included a detailed assessment of the level of performance achieved by each Council, revealing one high-performing Council and two Councils whose performance was generally poor. An assessment of performance covering each Council outcome area is essential in order to make valid causal inferences about the specific determinants of Council performance. The study adopted a holistic conception of performance, focusing on the extent to which the Councils were achieving the particular set of outcomes desired by their constituents. Such an approach recognises that different communities seek different outcomes from their community governments and that desired outcomes will include not only deliverables such as programs and services but also preferences about governance processes, which will reflect cultural values. The study’s focus on Council performance recognises that, regardless of underlying questions about the appropriateness of imported Western governance structures, in practice residents of Indigenous communities express strong expectations that their elected Councils will deliver services and programs that meet their needs and aspirations and improve their quality of life. Within the constraints of prevailing legislative and policy frameworks, Indigenous communities exhibit considerable pragmatism in their efforts to optimise opportunities for self-determination through developing their community governments. The case study data canvassed a wide range of governance attributes, institutions and practices suggested by the literature as important to governmental performance, in both indigenous and other contexts. The analysis found that a particular configuration of ‘orthodox’ governance principles and practices was necessary for successful Aboriginal Council performance, comprising: a strategic orientation based on a shared vision, a clear separation of powers, institutionalising the rule of law, positive and strategic engagement with government, targeted community engagement and an effective and efficient administration featuring a commitment to sound financial management, a stable workforce and human resource management practices that value, support and develop staff. The research further identified the key contextual factors that had shaped the distinct approaches to governance in the three communities. These are significant in explaining why some Aboriginal Councils adopt the particular mix of governance attributes that are necessary to improve their performance, while others do not. Key contextual factors include: a resource base of education and skills within the community that matches the needs of the community government; a pool of community members who have had a significant degree of exposure to the outside world; strongly egalitarian political norms underpinning a ‘whole of community’ orientation to governance; and a commitment to overcoming the historical legacy of dependency through a willingness to take responsibility for community government outcomes. These findings provide an indication about the strategies that need to be pursued for Aboriginal community governments to effectively meet the needs and aspirations of their constituents and realise their promise as instruments of self-determination.<br>Thesis (PhD Doctorate)<br>Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)<br>Department of Politics and Public Policy<br>Griffith Business School<br>Full Text