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1
Thomas, Jullian. "Promotion of small tourism enterprises (STES) as a tool for development : case study – Tsodilo community." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/97428.
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Thesis (MDF)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Small tourism enterprises are a driving force in tourism economies. Support for small tourism enterprises seeks to address the challenges they are facing that hinder their business growth and their input into the tourism economy. This study investigates the available support programmes and interventions that are provided by the government of Botswana to promote Small Tourism Enterprises. The significant contribution of small enterprises to local communities has thus seen the prioritizing of small business support and development by the government as a crucial point. Nevertheless, these small enterprises are often faced with many challenges that hold them back to compete with established businesses. The government of Botswana offers extensive business opportunities that favour small tourism enterprises. However, the salient question we are trying to answer is what factors need to be addressed to enable small tourism enterprises in Tsodilo community to grow and reach their full potential? The following objectives have been identified to establish areas in which small tourism businesses require support: To assess the needs of small tourism enterprises to have access to the things that will enable them to reach their full potential, to evaluate if the support in place is meeting the needs of small tourism enterprises and to examine strategies and interventions that can assist STEs.
The population sample comprises small businesses in the Tsodilo community. A questionnaire survey of small tourism businesses was conducted to acquire primary data. In addition, secondary data from the national development plan, tourism plans and tourism statistics was used.
In general, the findings reveal that a thorough consultation with small tourism enterprises is necessary when support programmes and interventions are developed. By using t findings, the government can evaluate its own efforts and ensure that support programmes are designed to meet the identified needs of small tourism enterprises. Additional research should aim at examining the sustainability of tourism development in the area as well as examining planning processes for tourism-targeted programmes.
2
Mapitse, Thobo Gloria. "The management of community development projects by the District Development Committee : a case of Mahalapye Sub District in Botswana." Thesis, University of Limpopo (Turfloop Campus), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/527.
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Thesis (MPA) --University of Limpopo, 2009<br>The Mahalapye sub District Development Committee is the most significant
organization in the sub district as it sets overall goals, direction and priorities
with which all development initiatives within the district should conform to. The
membership of the committee includes all heads of central and local government
departments, government planners, heads of Parastatals, and representatives of
Non Governmental Organisations (NGOs). Effective management of projects
requires collective consciousness, effort and will and it is important that
members of the sub District Development Committee work as a team to ensure
that all projects are implemented within the set time frames and limited
resources. The development challenges facing Mahalapye sub district are
complex. These challenges are not peculiar to the sub district, but are also a
challenge to other districts in Botswana. These challenges include the need to
implement village infrastructure projects in a cost effective manner in that the
projects are completed within the estimated budget and time schedule. The
research findings are that indeed the problem of project cost and time overruns
is a problem in Mahalapye sub District and that the problem is attributed to the
way the projects are managed, in particular, by the sub District Development
Committee. A number of recommendations have been provided to help
overcome the problem
3
Denkler, John Landon. "Community based natural resource management power, isolation, and development in rural Botswana /." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2009. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0041360.
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Tsiane, David Boitshwarelo. "Influences upon people's involvement in Botswana with particular reference to the concept and practice of participation." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.252311.
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Twyman, Chasca. "Community development and wildlife management : opportunity and diversity in Kalahari wildlife management areas, Botswana." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.284353.
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Keitumetse, Susan Osireditse. "Sustainable development and archaeological heritage management : local community participation and monument tourism in Botswana." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.445563.
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Lloyd, Simon. "Development of a conceptual model for a rapid skills development in the community-based tourism industry in Botswana." Master's thesis, Faculty of Commerce, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/30456.
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The research explored the training needs of Community-Based Tourism (CBT) structures, specifically for Tsodilo Hills, as well as the learning methods that best suit community members and how training can be used to strengthen Social Capital. Tourism is a means to alleviate poverty and empower communities, however, some CBT projects fail to deliver this due to a lack of skills, conflict and community disengagement. Nationally recognized vocational training does not impart the skills required for CBT and is not accessible to individuals in remote locations. The constructivist grounded theory methodology was used. Feedback was obtained from the Tsodilo Hills community, government bodies, hospitality and tourism associations, tourism operators and educational institutions through semi-structured interviews and focus groups. The data was transcribed, coded and analyzed. The findings indicate that training needs to focus on foundational, multi-disciplinary hard skills in hospitality and tourism, language, business, customer service and environmental sustainability, as well as soft skills, such as, in work attitude, innovation, conflict management, and communication. Training must be conducted in the community and tailored using an andragogical teaching approach. An Asset-Based Community Development approach, including CBT stakeholders, must be used to plan and implement training to ensure that learners and the community remain the focal point. Literature supports these findings. The research delivered a CBT Rapid Skills Development model which provided remote communities with access to relevant vocational training aligned to tourism principles and their specific needs, thereby increasing the likelihood of an inclusive and sustainable tourism industry.
8
Maleke, Jackson Mogopodi. "Media reach and reception in development communication: the case of the Rural Industries Innovation Centre in Botswana." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002909.
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The study was conducted in Phitshane-Molopo in Botswana. Phitshane-Molopo is located about 115 kilometers south of the main village of Kanye in which the Rural Industries Innovation Centre operates. The study constitutes the first attempt at evaluating audience reach and reception of the RIIC media messages. In this study, a sample of 50 representatives of households (the rationale is covered in chapter 1) was taken, for which a questionnaire was administered, including conducting in-depth interviews with key informants. The study found that RIlC media are not reaching the audience in keeping with the corporate goals and assumptions on the basis of which the communication strategy was established. The audience has claimed that the print media relayed to them through the extension officer channel do not reach them. The study also found that the audience possessed adequate literacy skills and the majority of them could read materials produced in Setswana. Only a few individuals preferred media text produced in the English language. The study therefore deplores RIIC's proclivity towards producing its media texts only in the English language. This has tended to marginalise members of the audience who cannot read in English. It is thus hoped that this study would provide a learning experience for RIIC to consider producing its communication media in relation to the needs of the audience. The study also found that the impact of the RIIC radio programme is very poor, with only a low of 2% of the sample population having listened to this programme. The problem stems from the poor Radio Botswana transmission system. The audience said that for the larger part of the day, they can't get Radio Botswana on air. As a result, they have shifted their interest to the South African radio stations such as Radio Tswana and Radio Mmabatho, which are constantly on air. The study concludes that the RIIC communication strategy is failing in the study area because the paradigm in which it is located is somewhat flawed, as a result of which it does not effectively impact upon reach and reception. At the core of this failure rate are implementation problems and the lack of evaluation that would have picked up the - problems earlier, for which solutions would have been found. Consequently, th~$tudy recommends the need to explore the suitability and effectiveness of the indigenous media for possible syncretization with conventional media as recommended in the need based integrative model (Nwosu and Megwa: 1993). Indigenous media are ideally suited to rural communication needs because they are consistent with the socio-cultural expectations of the audience. RIIC therefore stands to benefit from these media because the bulk of its audience resides in rural areas.
9
Moswete, Naomi Nomsa. "Stakeholder perspectives on the potential for community-based ecotourism development and support for the Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park in Botswana." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2009. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0041234.
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Moatlhaping, Segametsi Oreeditse S. "The role of indigenous governance system(s) in sustainable development : case of Moshupa Village, Botswana /." Thesis, Link to the online version, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/443.
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Huggett, Hugh Henry. "Rural community uplift in Botswana : two educational enterprises." Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/18202.
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Motiki, Antoinette Tsheboeng. "Performance of income generating-projects supported by Botswana National Literacy Programme." Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/4383.
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The Botswana National Literacy Programme (BNLP) was officially launched in 1981 as a
major adult literacy initiative. Literacy was in this case defined as reading, writing and
calculating. However, experience over the years of implementation showed that provision
of the 3Rs is not enough but literacy needs to be made functional in order to be useful to the
learners in their daily lives. Income generating projects were therefore introduced to the
National literacy programme as a way of making literacy functional. It has been realized
however that the BNLP supported income generating projects are failing or not doing well.
The aim of this study was therefore to investigate the performance of income generating
projects supported by BNLP in relation to projects meeting member' objectives, group
dynamics, economic growth, members' health status, commitment to the projects, use of
literacy skills in running the projects, conducting feasibility studies before embarking on
income-generating projects, business management, availability of start up finance and
follow up. Hypotheses of this study stated that the BNLP-supported income generating
projects are failing because of projects not satisfying members' needs, group disputes
among group members, lack of growth, ill health lack of members' commitment to the
projects, inappropriate literacy curriculum, inadequate feasibility studies before starting the
projects, business management, lack of finance and lack of follow up after training.
The methodologies used for this study were participatory and survey research. Qualitative
strategies were employed using focus group discussions, force field analysis, observations
and questionnaires. Stratified random sampling, was employed to select the sampled
population often operating and ten non-operating income-generating projects in the South
East, Southern and Northern regions of Botswana. Purposive sampling was employed to
select all twelve trainers of the income generating projects within the same regions. The
results of this study were analysed using SPSS 11.5, and manual inspection.
The results of this study supported this hypothesis to a great extent in that causes of failure
of the projects were because the personal objectives of project members were not met, there
was a problem of group disputes among members, ill health of some members was
affecting their production, literacy skills learnt in literacy and income generating skills
provided by BNLP were not adequate to be used in the running of the project and business
skills are taught separately from the basic literacy skills of reading and writing and
numeracy. Feasibility studies were not conducted before embarking on income generating
projects and there was mismanagement of the projects. Inadequate follow up was also seen
to be one of the contributory factors to the failure of projects. Hypothesis of this study was
also partially rejected in a sense that, the results showed that almost all the projects received
some grants to start their projects and therefore start up finances were not a problem but
rather a problem of shortage of funds for expansion, Lack of ensuring sustainability of
projects was due to mismanagement of the funds by the office bearers and mostly LGLs.
Recommendations of this study directed to income generating-project members included
settling group disputes, conducting feasibility studies, embarking on relevant projects
individually or as groups. Policy recommendations included support of individual and
group projects, running a pilot project where appropriate literacy needs of the piloted
projects will be provided, involvement of the participants in decision-making concerning
their projects and curriculum. The policy recommendation included ensuring that funds are
only given to viable projects and literacy curriculum is relevant to the running of income
generating projects to ensure sustainability. Recommendations for further studies included
BNLP conducting an in-depth study to establish the prospects and problems of group
approach in income generating activities, investigate the level of skills that the BNLP
supported income-generating projects and their trainers possess and their specific needs for
skills development and lastly evaluate the training materials used in both literacy classes
and income-generation training to get more insight on what is lacking, and how this could
be improved.<br>Thesis (M.Sc.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2006.
13
Tapera, Roy. "Development of guidelines to reduce road accidents amongst community members in Botswana: a public health issue." Thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/27839.
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Bibliography: leaves 124-147<br>BACKGROUND
The leading and increasing contributor to the regional and global disease burden that
leads to death and disability is represented by road accidents. An enormous toll on
individuals together with communities and national economies has been observed
because of the occurrence of road accidents.
AIM
The study developed guidelines to reduce road accidents amongst automobile drivers in
Botswana.
METHODS
Study design
The study was conceptualised using Haddon's theory and the mixed-method sequential
explanatory design was utilized to conduct the study. Collection of data for this study was
done over a period of time in two consecutive phases.
v
Study setting
The study took place in Gaborone, and the study was conducted at Broadhurst Police
Headquarters, Directorate of transport station, and the University of Botswana.
Data Collection methods:
The data for this study were collected through the usage of focus group interviews and
document analysis using a checklist. The first phase involved collecting quantitative data
through document analysis of 400 police records using a checklist. The second phase
took place in Gaborone at the University of Botswana. It involved collecting qualitative
data using two focus group interviews with various stakeholders like traffic police, third
party claim officers, and emergency nurses/doctors who have been in contact with people
involved in road traffic accidents.
Study Population:
The study population included traffic accident victims' documents at the police
headquarters for Gaborone and Francistown, police and traffic officers, lawyers/third
party claims officers, and emergency department staff such as nurses and doctors
working in Gaborone and Francistown.
Data analysis:
A checklist was used in transforming observations of found categories into quantitative
statistical data. Data generated from the content analysis were transformed into
quantitative statistical data using a checklist. Quantitative data were entered and
analysed principally using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS 27) software
to generate graphs and tables. Inconsistencies of the data set was managed by cleaning
and editing the data. The data that were missing were not statistically imputed. The
relationships of independent variables based on Haddon Matrix-like, drunk driving,
unlicensed drivers, over speeding, deaths, and injuries were analysed against the
dependent variable of having a road traffic accident using logistic regression. Qualitative
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data from focus group interviews was transcribed verbatim using a transcription protocol.
Using transcription protocol ensured that transcription is done consistently and is of the
appropriate type for analytic aims. Tesch’s framework for qualitative data analysis was
used. UNISA, Botswana Ministry of Health and Wellness, and The Ministry of Defence,
Justice, and Security granted the researcher the permission to conduct the study.
Results
The study found that most accidents are caused by the drivers’ carelessness followed by
animals, both domestic and wild. The accidents had an impact on the health of drivers,
passengers, and pedestrians. The accidents resulted in fatalities and lower limb fractures,
upper limb fractures, and brain injuries. Over the past five years, Gaborone and Serowe
recorded the highest cases of road traffic accidents. Most of the accidents occurred where
there were no junction.
Conclusion
It is envisioned that the guidelines informed by research and literature will ensure a
decrease in road traffic accidents and consequently fatalities and injuries among
Botswana communities.<br>Health Studies<br>D. Phil. (Public Health)
14
Selwe, Milane Kgalanyana. "The impact of Botswana international trade fair on informal small scale clothing producers." Thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/4562.
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Micro and small businesses have become a contributor to both reduction of
unemployment and to national development. The informal small scale clothing
producers in Botswana have been supported by government through policies
directed towards poverty alleviation and employment creation. Despite the
government's efforts of availing financial assistance, technical expertise,
promotional and marketing support, the informal small scale clothing producers
do not seem to be utilising these for full benefit. Participation of the informal
small scale clothing producers at Botswana International Trade Fair was
expected to provide them with avenues for long term benefits through marketing
their products and learning. The purpose of this study was to establish the
impact of Botswana International Trade Fair on the informal small scale clothing
producers. The informal small scale clothing producers have had assistance and
access to promoting their products for a considerable time, with not much change
in the market share and quantities of production. The challenges facing these
informal small scale clothing producers has been to utilise BITF for competing
with local and regional producers in providing quality products; to increase
production for meeting the demands of the market; to increase profits, and
expand businesses to reduce unemployment.
Purposive sampling was used to select participating informal small scale clothing
producers and council Home Economists while the· independent small scale
exhibitors were conveniently sampled during the 2006 trade fair. Seventeen
informal small scale clothing producers from the eastern part of Botswana were
interviewed to establish impacts from participating at the trade fair. One
producer who h-ad won most prizes at the trade fair was interviewed for a
different perspective in production strategies employed. Fifteen council Home
Economists, acting as liaison and change agents for the informal small scale
clothing pmducers, also participated in the survey and focus group discussions.
Two case studies were developed fmm in-depth interviews with independent
small scale exhibitors to ascertain impact brought about by BITF on these
producers. Both qualitative and quantitative approaches were used in collecting
data. The results were analysed in terms of frequencies and chi-square
relationships.
Great similarities were found to exist between the three samples. The results
revealed that there was adequate knowledge about BITF on the informal small
scale clothing producers, as weil as with council Home Economists and the
independent small scale exhibitors. The three groups understood the objectives
of BITF to be mostly educational and followed by promotion. All the groups
reported noticeable impact to be growth in the number of customers, increase in
production, increase in assets, improvement in quality of products and addition of
newly developed products. Perceptions of the three groups on the benefits from
BITF matched what they experienced as result of participation at the trade fair.
The producers on the other hand experienced a decline in the number of
employees while the independent small scale exhibitors had an increase.
For utmost benefit of BITF, the producers have to. strengthen their marketing
strategies, during and outside the trade fair. There is need for the producers to
take initiatives to secure their own stalls for participation during the trade fair as
individuals or jointly with other producers. Producers could benefit more from
using funding from government for promotion of products. Home Economists
should support self representation by the producers so that they directly learn
from participation and eventually wean off continued support from government.
For monitoring and planning purposes, a national data base for micro and
informal small scale clothing producers should be kept by the Department of
Social Services. Benchmarking on involving micro and small scale businesses in
training is essential, and establishment of local markets for continued contact
with customers could expand producers' knowledge in production.<br>Thesis (M.Sc.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2007.
15
Cohen, Saul. "Hiding contestations an evaluation of community based wildlife management in Botswana /." 2002. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/yorku/fullcit?pMQ71574.
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Thesis (M.A.)--York University, 2002. Graduate Programme in Social Anthropology.<br>Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 102-107). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/yorku/fullcit?pMQ71574.
16
Magole, Lapologang. "Settlements, tradition and change : a case for community development in rural Botswana." 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/21773.
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Nkabinde, Thokozile M. N. "The public library as a community service in a developing society : case study of Botswana." Thesis, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/7433.
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This study evaluates the purpose and role of the public library in national development in Botswana. Particular attention is focused on the public library as a community resource as well as its sensitivity in meeting the needs of community members and of organizations
operating in the community. Chapter 1 introduces the nature of the problem, and brief historical and current developments of the public library in Botswana. Research objectives of the study are also outlined. Chapter 2 attempts to locate the public library in developing
countries within development strategies such as the modernization and basic needs approach. Discussions further illustrate how policies
emanating from these development strategies have influenced public library policies in these countries, and in Botswana. Attempts are
made to show how the public library in Botswana is trying to adjust to shifts in emphasis of government development plans, especially the
rural development emphasis. Chapter 3 outlines methods of research used to collect and process data obtained from the village Molepolole in Botswana. There is a brief discussion of the nature of this village as well as that of the community public library. Chapter 4 and 5 present findings of the household survey, and of community organizations and public librarians interviewed. An analysis and interpretation of findings of the household survey based on a sample of 203 readers drawn from the village is also presented. Community organizations interviewed include both government and non-government. Patterns of reading and views on the library of both readers in the survey and public library users, are explored. Chapter 6 presents a brief review of developments of the national campaign to eradicate illiteracy in Botswana, which was launched by the Department of Non-formal Education (DNFE) in 1970. The study shows what role the public library has been, and what it should be, in the provision of effective support for the promotion of literacy and reading. The last chapter gives a summary of findings, and suggests a model that could be adopted to develop an effective rural public library service in Botswana. The model is based on principles of the basic needs approach to development, which emphasizes appropriateness, focus on target groups, accessibility, affordability, integrativeness, participation and assertiveness.<br>Thesis (M.Soc.Sci.)-University of Natal, Durban, 1988.
18
Dipholo, Kenneth. "Reducing dependency and promoting community participation in development?: Four case studies of participatory rural appraisal and community action plans in Botswana." Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/4567.
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ABSTRACT
Since independence in 1966, centralized development planning has ensured the availability of basic facilities and services in rural areas of Botswana but has also contributed to over-reliance on the government for the majority of rural people. The consequence of this centralized and accelerated approach to rural development has been the exclusion of rural communities from planning and implementation of facilities meant to benefit them.
The international debate on sustainable rural development led the Botswana government to re-think its rural development policy with a view to establishing more effective strategies for rural development. The Community Based Strategy for Rural Development, introduced in 1997 emphasizes the important role of communities in their own development, by promoting Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA).
This study sought to discover insights into the implementation of PRA in Botswana by questioning extension workers and community members in four villages about the application and impact of PRA on their communities. The research uses the frameworks of qualitative research and critical adult education theory to enquire into the basis for participatory rural development in Botswana and the implementation of Community Action Plans (CAPs). Case studies of the four villages were conducted to illuminate problematic areas of programme design and implementation. Interviews with thirty-two people and observations were the main methods of collecting data. Documents, reports and records on PRA training and application in the four villages and from outside were consulted.
The research results show that the application of PRA in the participating villages has had negligible impact in reversing the state-dominated approach to development. PRA facilitators seem disinterested in its application and sustenance. However, the findings also suggest that PRA application in Botswana is not hopeless, but needs a different kind of investment, for example, introducing measures of accountability, addressing paternalistic attitudes among development workers, and exploiting key principles of adult education.
19
Kenosi, Precious Queen. "Entrepreneurship through the Junior Achievement Botswana Programme : realities and perceptions." Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/4092.
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Though Botswana is regarded as one of the richer countries in Africa, it is faced with
challenges experienced by other developing countries in Sub-Saharan Africa such as
poverty, unemployment and HIV/AIDS. Recession in the mining and agriculture sectors,
which have been the pillars of the country's wealth, has caused the economy to decline.
The National Development Plan 9 (NDP 9 2003/4-2008/9) is a five year national
development plan for Botswana that states that 36.7% of the populace have incomes
below the poverty datum line. Entrenched in the nation's Vision 2016 statement are two
development goals aimed at poverty reduction; to create sustainable jobs and to develop
human resources. The Botswana government has thus earmarked the promotion of small,
medium and micro-enterprises as one of the measures to reduce poverty. This shift to
self-employment would help create much needed jobs, contribute to the economy and
improve the quality of life of the Batswana. The government's efforts alone will not
suffice in this predicament. It needs the assistance of all stakeholders including the
private sector and the general public.
The purpose of the study was to investigate whether the Junior Achievement Botswana
Programme is an effective programme for equipping the youth in Botswana with business
skills with the hope that they would in turn establish businesses in their communities. The
study focused on exploring the perceptions of the trainees/learners in the programme to
establish if they felt that the training gave them the necessary knowledge and skills to
boost their confidence and motivation to plan, start up and sustain business ventures. The
perceptions of teachers and trainers involved in the delivery of the programme were also
sought to establish the programme's strengths and challenges and to suggest how the
programme could be improved. The study also employed an entrepreneurial test to
determine whether the programme attracted teachers and students who have the desired
characteristics for business. At the heart of this study was an attempt to articulate the role
of education and training in preparing the youth for self-employment. Data was collected
using both quantitative and qualitative data collection strategies. The data was analysed
descriptively as well deriving themes and meanings.
The study found out that the JAB is a good and informative programme that inspires the
youth and instils confidence in them to believe that they have gained knowledge and
skills required to be engaged in viable business ventures. They felt particularly confident
about market research, production and marketing components of running businesses.
However, the study also found out that the programme has deficiencies such as
insufficient preparation of its trainees to access and manage finances, inability to develop
networks for support especially once the students have left schools and are no longer
under the comforting guidance of the programme facilitators. In addition, the study
realised that the programme seems to overlook the role of monitoring, follow up,
evaluation, networking and mentoring in training for entrepreneurship. Issues pertaining
to partnerships and public relations also surfaced in the study. On the whole, the
respondents in the study found the programme enjoyable and worthwhile and wished it
could be extended to many others.
The study also found that the desired characteristics for business as identified by the
entrepreneurship test administered were possessed by fewer than 20 percent of the
students and teachers. This may also have contributed to the low numbers of people who
went on to start their own businesses.<br>Thesis (M.Sc.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2006.
20
Chibamba, Fortune Michelo. "The role of community-based organisations in response to the HIV/AIDS in Botswana : the case of Gabane Community Home Based Care Organisation." Diss., 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/4796.
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This study examines the role of Community Based-Organisations (CBOs) in the response to HIV/AIDS as a development challenge drawing examples from the Gabane Community Home-Based Care CBO in Botswana. The study adopted qualitative methods of research and used group discussions, relative unstructured interviews, direct observation and literature review as methods of data collection. The study found out that HIV/AIDS is indeed a development problem and that it can be dealt with using some existing development approaches such as the sustainable livelihoods approaches. The study further identified specific roles that CBOs play in the response to HIV/AIDS. It also revealed the potential that CBOs have in achieving development. In addition, the study identified and outlined challenges that CBOs face in responding to HIV/AIDS. Key recommendations are that CBOs must integrate poverty reduction interventions in their activities. They must also form coalitions and strengthen their capacity to sustain their activities and manage partnerships.<br>Development Studies
21
Gaoboe, Mareko Marcos. "ADAPTING TO SOCIAL TRANSFORMATION THROUGH ARCHITECTURE: AN INTEGRATED COMMUNITY HUB FOR MOSHUPA VILLAGE, BOTSWANA." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10222/14070.
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The thesis explores the role of Architecture in enhancing a sustainable rural livelihood in Botswana. Moshupa village is analyzed and assessed to create an alternative, self-sustainable model for rural development that can add value to the local economy, by fostering self-reliance, capacity building and empowerment.
Through the design of an Integrated Community Hub for Moshupa, the thesis attempts to embrace the changing dynamics of a village. It explores strategies that would inject life into the village making it a desirable place for younger generations and women to live, similar to what is currently achievable in towns and cities. Most importantly, the design principles and guidelines of traditional building techniques are explored through studying spatial habitation and organization. Materiality of built form and study of details are examined in search for an architecture that belongs to a place, by responding to the current economic, cultural, technical and environmental challenges in Botswana.
22
"Community-based natural resource management, livelihood diversification & poverty alleviation : a case study of NG 22/23 and associated communities, Okavango Delta, northern Botswana." 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/3453.
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This paper presents a case study from Ngamiland, northern Botswana where community~
based natural resource management (CBNRM), through a joint venture agreement (NA)
between a Community~based Organisation (CBO) and the private sector for nonconsumptive
tourism has been implemented with the objective of contributing to localised
poverty alleviation and livelihood diversification through employment and CBO fee
revenue. The economic contribution of these benefits is considered with respect to
commonly accepted norms and standards within the development ideology of sustainable
development and its global measurements; therefore, a brief background of the concepts
of poverty, livelihood and ecotourism is presented to provide context for the evaluation of
CBNRM as a preferred land~use in Botswana. An evaluation of the significance of wage
employment revenue and consequent remittances in the specific case study is intended to
contribute to existing studies which have primarily emphasised the contribution of CBO
fee revenue only to households. It is concluded that wage employment revenue makes a
significant contribution at a household level to localised poverty alleviation and
livelihood diversification compared to the insignificant contribution ofCBO fee revenue.<br>Thesis (M.Env.Dev.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2006.
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Dube, Wilhelminah S. "The induction of novice teachers in community junior secondary schools in Gaborone, Botswana." Diss., 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/1300.
Full textAbstract:
This study focuses on the induction of novice teachers in Community Junior Secondary Schools (CJSS) in Gaborone, Botswana. The point of departure is that induction is an important factor that is essential to the success of every beginner teacher. It is the responsibility of the school management to provide comprehensive induction programmes that will support beginner teachers and retain them in the teaching profession. This problem was investigated by means of a literature study and an empirical investigation using a qualitative approach. A small sample of beginner teachers in six selected schools in Gaborone formed the sample for this study. Findings indicated that the extent to which novice teachers are given professional guidance and support in schools is not enough. It is recommended that induction programmes receive more priority in schools since the first year of teaching is the most important determiner in the teaching career of an individual.<br>Education management<br>M.Ed. (Education Management)
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Chau, Lilian Lik. "Community-based natural resource management program (CBNRM) in Botswana : myth or reality? : stories of participation, community and governance from the Khwai Development Trust." Thesis, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/16273.
Full textAbstract:
In the spring of 2002, the author traveled to Botswana as a volunteer Community
Development Assistant with the Khwai Development Trust in their activities with the
national CBNRM program. During the next seven months of fieldwork, Khwai
continued to experience many conflicts both internally and externally. Many of the
problems were blamed on the lack of experience and capacities of villagers to manage
financial and organizational resources of the Trust. However, data gathered from
interviews, observations and literature reviews proposed a different theory. They pointed
to the shortcomings of the fundamental assumptions used to develop policies and
institutions in the CBNRM program.
Rather than the lack of capacity, the thesis argues that these assumptions or "myths" have
contributed greatly to the conflicts and tensions facing project villages and other CBNRM
stakeholders. Using the experience of the Khwai Development Trust as a case study, the
research illustrates how CBNRM assumptions of participation and community have
contradicted and ignored existing realities of unequal social relationships, hierarchies of
power, and local aspirations for CBNRM in rural villages. Hence policies and
institutional structures developed out of these assumptions fail to consider the potentials
for conflicts, or to develop the mechanisms to address existing tensions. This was
evident when an institutional analysis of the program and community-based organizations
identified major gaps in the ability of CBNRM to promote robust local organizations and
effective rules and regulations for natural resource management. In order for CBNRM
principles to become a reality, program policies and institutions should be guided not by
myths, but by the knowledge and experience which is truly community-based.<br>Applied Science, Faculty of<br>Community and Regional Planning (SCARP), School of<br>Graduate
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Motsholapheko, Moseki Ronald. "Developing integrated management of ephemeral river basins in Botswana : the case of Boteti river sub-basin." Diss., 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/2697.
Full textAbstract:
Botswana is a water scarce country. Rainfall is highly variable, leading to limited surface
and groundwater resources. Due to persistently dry conditions most rivers found in
Botswana are ephemeral. The Boteti River sub-Basin is one of the numerous ephemeral
river sub-Basins, in Botswana. Key environmental challenges, resulting from human
activities, in the sub-Basin are: increased pressure on local resources due to overstocking,
overgrazing and over-harvesting; reductions in wildlife numbers; denudation of
vegetation and the resultant exposure of the soil to wind erosion. As a major step, to pilot
implementation of river basin management in the ephemeral river basins in southern
Africa, the Boteti River sub-Basin is one of the key areas identified for study under the
Ephemeral River Basins in the Southern African Development Community SADC (ERBSADC)
Project. This study was initiated, as part of the ERB-SADC project and its aim is
to investigate the socio-economic status of the Boteti River sub-Basin and determine the
potential for developing integrated management of water and land resources in the sub-
Basin. Its key objectives are to identify and assess types and patterns of water use; to
identify and assess key livelihood activities; and to critically assess community
participation in water resources management in the sub-Basin. A questionnaire was
administered to 293 households, a focus group discussion was held with twelve
community representatives of six villages in the sub-Basin, six traditional leaders and
five local government officers were interviewed as key informants, and informal
discussions were held with three local farmers. Results from the study indicate low
livelihood levels based on livestock and arable agriculture, high dependence on natural
resources and low participation of communities in water management. The study
concludes that a livelihood approach to integrated water resources management can help
deal with environmental challenges and enhance community participation.<br>Environmental Sciences<br>Thesis (M.A. (Environmental Science))
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Nyamandi, Thembelihle. "The management of sustainable action plans at selected nature-based attractions in Botswana." Diss., 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/25937.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract in English, Afrikaans and Zulu<br>Tourism generates foreign currency and employment, and proper planning and management benefits the community and environment upon which tourism depends. The study investigated the management of sustainable action plans at selected nature-based attractions in Botswana, namely; Gaborone Game Reserve, Khutse Game Reserves, and Mokolodi Nature Reserve. Purposive, convenience and snowball sampling yielded 25 respondents for semi-structured interviews. Findings highlighted that sustainable action plans, like recycling and engaging local labour, were managed and implemented to a small extent. The conclusions were that the full potential of sustainable action plans management needed to be fully explored.
The study recommends government enforcement of policies, master plans and strategies for management of sustainable action plans in nature-based attractions; and decentralisation of public nature-based attractions to allow managers full management of sustainable action plans. Government and private sector should fund management of all nine sustainable action plans, and implement a holistic tourism strategy to retain the quality of tourists’ experiences.<br>Ezokuvakasha zidala imali yangaphandle kanye nomsebenzi, nokuhlelwa kahle nokuphathwa kahle komphakathi kanye nemvelo lapho ezokuvakasha zincike khona. Ucwaningo lucwaninge ukuphathwa kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezisimeme ezikhethiwe zokukhangiswa kwemvelo eBotswana, okuyiSiqiwi iGaborone, iSiqiwi iKhutse, nokuGcinwa kweMvelo iMokolodi. Imibonakaliso ekhethwe ngokusekelwe ezilinganisweni zabantu kanye nenhloso yocwaningo (purposive sampling), indlela yokubala nokudweba idatha emele ngokukhetha abantu ngenxa yokukhululeka kokuzithandela kwabo (convenience sampling) kanye nabacwaningi bezokucwaninga abathatha abanye abahlanganyeli ukuze banze ucwaningo (snowball sampling) inikeza abaphenduli abangu-25 ngemibuzo ehleliwe. Okutholakele kubonise ukuthi izinhlelo zokusebenza ezisimeme, njengokuvuselela kabusha nokubandakanya abasebenzi basekhaya, zaphathwa futhi zenziwa ngendlela encane. Isiphetho sasiwukuthi amandla aphelele okuphathwa ezinhlelo zokusebenza ezisimeme kufanele ahlolwe.
Ucwaningo luphakamisa ukuqiniswa kwezinqubomgomo kuhulumeni, izinhlelo ezinhle kanye namasu okuphathwa kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezisimeme ezikhethiwe zokukhangiswa kwemvelo; kanye nokwabiwa kwamandla okukhangayo okusekelwe emphakathini ukuvumela abaphathi ukuphatha ngokugcwele kwalezi zinhlelo. Uhulumeni kanye nezimboni ezizimele kufanele baxhase ukuphathwa kwazo zonke izinhlelo zokusebenza ezisimeme eziyisishiyagalolunye, futhi basebenzise uhlelo lwezokuvakasha oluphelele ukugcina isipiliyoni sabavakashi sisezingeni.<br>Toerisme genereer buitelandse valuta en werkverskaffing, en behoorlike beplanning en
bestuur is tot voordeel van die gemeenskap en omgewing waarop toerisme staatmaak.
Die studie het die bestuur van volhoubare aksieplanne by geselekteerde
natuurgebaseerde besienswaardighede in Botswana, naamlik die Gaborone, Khutse en
Mokolodi Natuurreservate, ondersoek. Doelbewuste, gerief- en
sneeubalsteekproefneming het 25 respondente vir semigestruktureerde onderhoude
opgelewer. Volgens die bevindings, is volhoubare aksieplanne soos herwinning en die
gebruik van plaaslike arbeid, tot ’n mate bestuur en geïmplementeer. Die gevolgtrekking
was dat die volle potensiaal van volhoubare aksieplanbestuur verken moet word.
Die studie het regeringstoepassing van beleide, meesterplanne en strategieë aanbeveel
vir die bestuur van volhoubare aksieplanne in natuurgebaseerde besienswaardighede;
en die desentralisasie van openbare natuurgebaseerde besienswaardighede om
bestuurders toe te laat om hierdie planne ten volle te bestuur. Die regering en die privaat
sektor behoort die bestuur van al nege die volhoubare aksieplanne te befonds, en 'n
holistiese toerismestrategie te implementeer om die gehalte van toeriste-ervarings te
behou.<br>Transport Economics, Logistics and Tourism<br>M. Com. (Tourism Management)
27
Ngoai, Madila Asiel. "Criminal jurisdiction of the visiting SADC Armed Forces over their members during peace time : a case study of the Republic of South Africa and the Republic of Botswana." Diss., 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/19203.
Full textAbstract:
Text in English<br>The study aims to investigate criminal jurisdiction of the visiting SADC armed forces during peace time focusing only on the Republic of Botswana and the Republic of South Africa. Since the adoption of the Declaration and Treaty of SADC, the armed forces of both Botswana and South Africa at times find themselves on each other’s territory. Once in each other’s territory the question of criminal jurisdiction becomes imperative. The two countries seem not to agree on the content of status of force agreements while cooperating in terms of the SADC Treaty. The contentious point is that the death sentence is still a competent sentence for certain offences under certain circumstances in terms of Botswana laws, whereas in South Africa the death sentence was declared unconstitutional. In the absence of any agreement, South African armed forces may face a death sentence while in Botswana and Botswana authorities might not be able to carry out a death sentence over their members for offences committed while in South Africa. In trying to answer the question of criminal jurisdiction while on each other’s territory during peace time, a study of the evolution of jurisdiction is undertaken. The laws of both countries are considered, especially the application and protection afforded by their respective constitutions. The approach followed by the UN in sending a peace-keeping force to conflict areas is analysed. A micro-comparison of agreements concluded by selected countries, more especially the NATO agreement, is undertaken. Treaties as a source of international law are analysed to show that rights can be extended and be limited by agreement.
The study concludes by recommending that concurrent criminal jurisdiction with certain qualification seems to be the accepted norm and compromise amongst the international community, and that the two countries may consider this approach as the basis for such agreement.<br>Public, Constitutional, & International Law<br>LL.M
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Watson, Pamela. "The institutionalisation of the SADC protocol on education and training: a comparative study of higher education in two South African countries." Thesis, 2010. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_9457_1337860349.
Full textAbstract:
<p>Regional integration is being proposed as a means to development in Southern Africa. As a part of the formal agreements regarding this cooperation, a Protocol on Education in the Southern African Development Community region has been signed. This research set out to compare the higher education systems of two Southern African countries and to examine the extent to which this Protocol has had an impact on national policies and practices. The research sought to investigate this by means of exploring the extent to which the Protocol has provided an institutional frame which is guiding the development of higher education policy in each of the two countries. The findings of the study indicate that the Protocol, rather than providing leadership in the area of education policy, is to a large extent a symbolic document, reflective of norms already existent in national policy in the two countries studied. <br> <br> <br> <br> <br> <br></p>