Academic literature on the topic 'Community Economic Development Assistance Corp. (Mass.)'

In order to succeed in the development of agricultural sector in accordance with the Regulation of the Minister of Agriculture Number 67/Permentan/SM.050/12/2016 concerning Farmer Institutional Development, it is necessary to provide community service in the agricultural sector and plant cultivation as efforts to strengthen food self-sufficiency, especially during the Covid 19 pandemic. For this reason, we need to carry out community service activities for the production of liquid organic fertilizer using microorganism Bacillus cereus in Pantai Cermin Village, Tanjung Pura District. As we know Pantai Cermin Village, Tanjung Pura District, Langkat which about is 63.6 Km from Medan. In general, the majority of farmers own rice and corn areas and are members of the Gemah Ripah farmer group consisting of 30 farmers. From the results of dedication program, there are around 3000 hectares of rice and corn fields that have become a rice barn for the last 15 years, especially in Langkat Regency. Based on the results of the survey and partner interviews, several priority problems were obtained, including: a. There was a decrease in the selling price of corn in Langkat by Rp. 1,900,-/Kg from the selling price of corn in 2019 of Rp. 4,900,-/Kg to Rp. 3,000,-/Kg currently in Langkat; b. Rice farmers experienced a decrease in purchasing power of chemical compost during the Pandemic, because the price of solid organic compost from the Probiodek brand that functions as a decomposer of organic matter rose to Rp. 40,000,-/Kg; c. Farmers experienced a decline in purchasing power of chemical insecticides on the market; d. Farmers in Langkat currently do not have a knapsacksprayer and they only use 2 units of knapsacksprayer from government assistance to spray plant pests & diseases and this tool is used interchangeably for all farmer groups; e. Farming management is carried out in a simple and conventional way, namely using local F1 seeds (yield) from the previous corn harvest); f. Rice harvesting as well as shelling corn use a simple method of rice mill machine. In order to develop the potential of rice and corn barns, it is necessary to strengthen the independence of farmers through community dedication program (PKM) training in the production of liquid organic fertilizer using microorganism Bacillus cereus from Ristekdikti. The focus is to develop production of liquid organic fertilizer as an alternative to chemical fertilizers and chemical insecticides. The use of microorganisms Bacillus cereus is especially useful for facilitating the decomposition of organic matter in liquid fertilizer solutions so that it is more easily absorbed by plants as fertilizer and insecticide, as well as assisting and motivating partners to continuously continue producing liquid organic fertilizers because it saves costs in purchasing chemical fertilizers and pesticides in the future so as to create economic independence for partners. This will certainly improve the economy of farmer group partners so that life can be more prosperous. All of these activities aim to foster independence in partners when the program ends. It is hoped that food self-sufficiency can be realized that is free from residues of chemical fertilizers and insecticides so that environmentally sustainable agriculture can be realized.

Abstract. A Ukrainian intellectual-expert community is at the initial stage of forming a methodological basis of the rural economy ontogenesis that is determined, first of all, by the ongoing decentralization reform, a new role of the rural economy from the national perspective of a new (both coronavirus and post-COVID) economic reality in ensuring food sovereignty, economic recovery of the economy, in general, and rural territorial communities, in particular, with regard to new challenges associated with the ageing of the rural community, de-population, predominance of the rural employment in the rural area and financivization of relationships within the rural economic agents, ultimately creating a new normality of the operation and development of the rural economy. Taking into account that Ukraine has strategically outlined its aspiration for integrating into the European Community having successfully passed a forming phase of group dynamics (according to Bruce Tuckman), has moved to a conflict phase having enlarged its orthodox understanding to the absence of proper parity in the development of socioeconomic, financial-institutional processes inside the rural economy, having created the threats to its transition to comprehensive digitalization and «greening» of finances applied for it. In the European Union, this problematics has been studied and an analysis of searches of directions of its solution has been carried out since the 50s of the past century actualizing the necessity to typologize best regional practices, their implementation from the perspective of the agrarian policy with regard to iteration of the Public Finance Management System Development Strategy, directions of the modernization of state support for agricultural goods producers, a gradual transition from a support institution to an assistance institution. To achieve the goal, which was defined as typologization of theoretical leverages and empirical inter-influences and inter-dependencies of the ontogenesis of the rural economy in the conditions of the implementation, by the European Community, of the UN 2030 Sustainable Development Goals as the basis for new strategying and financivization (including their «greening») of its development in our country, the methods were used: of induction and deduction, comparison and systematization — in researching the historiography of the notion «rural economy», penetrating it with a «financial» spirit and processes of «greening» financial-economic relationships of the economic agents of the rural economy; of synthesis and analysis — for characterization of financial support (assistance) of the rural economy with regard to modern approaches to the establishment and development of the Common Agricultural Policy in the EU member countries in order to implement a comprehensive regulatory European-colored movement towards digitalization and financivization including the post-COVID financial recovery of the rural economy, the formation of the basis for the financial central focus on local value added; of morphological analysis — for a new parametrization of the rural economy with regard to evolvement of the financial vector towards stimulating agro-producers for sustainable and comprehensive development; a graphical method — for vivid presentation of theoretical and methodical material; а abstract-logical method — for theoretical generalization and formulation of conclusions from the conducted research. Formed typologies of theoretical leverages of the rural economy enabled to clearly crystallize the parameters inherent to it only, in particular: goal-oriented collaboration of various economic activity types carried out within the rural territorial community in order to form local value added, ensure local food sovereignty and food security, create conditions for developing integrated corporate associations based on symbiomatics of the agrarian and construction economies; both enterprises (corporations, agro-food clusters) and individual entrepreneurs as well as households determining the operation of the food market and focusing the financial system on the respective genotype of economic agents involved in the rural economy, act as the entities of the rural economy; the compliance id provided, with the principle of sustainable and inclusive development, the «green» ontogenesis of the system of state support (assistance) of agro-producers; the orientation is substantiated, towards a new scaling of rural construction projects, social infrastructure including that involved in counteracting a coronavirus infection providing conditions for meeting the intellectual-staff needs of economic agents-stakeholders of the rural economy. Conducted generalization enabled to single out a number of modernization stages of the EU Common Agricultural Policy, in particular, in terms of mass-qualitative and mass-variable characteristics of financial support (assistance) of agro-producers as well as characterize the current central focus in their development on the rural economy institution expressed, in particular, through rural territories (rural territorial communities) in terms of promoting implementation of village-saving projects of rural development and solution to financial-economic, social and ecological problems of the rural area. A new European-colored parametrization of the rural economy has become a basis for formulating an own conceptual-categorical construct, in particular, the «rural economy» and its related financial-economic categories and notions as a system of the economic agents, whose activities being associated with the rural territory envisage using natural and other raw-material-climatic resources to meet the food needs of the community and perform financial-economic, social-food functions within the modelity of the operation of the national economy, with regard to the basic principles of sustainable and inclusive development, «greening» of state and local finances etc. The proposed definition relying on laid foundations in scientific studies of Ukrainian and foreign academic economists and actual parameters of development of rural territories, in particular, in respect of the mechanisms of financial support (assistance) in the EU member countries promotes further formation of the methodological basis for the harmonization of co-development of agrarian and financial policies in order to stabilize the rural economy, give it the signs of sustainability and European-formed financivization priorities. Keywords: rural economy, financivazation, state support (assistance), agriculture, rural territory, agrarian policy, state and local finances, natural-climatic resources, «green» finances. JEL Classіfіcatіon Q18 Formulas: 0; fig.: 2; tabl.: 0; bibl.: 20.

The creative economy is becoming important because current development is faced with the ability of the state to synergize tax administration, taxpayers, through the support of political commitment, social, cultural, and economic conditions to create the success of national taxation. Taxation is the backbone of state revenue and the creative economy as a forum for the younger generation to channel their creativity in doing business and building the country. The purpose of this research is to conduct a cluster of problematic creative economy business actors; know the integrative sustainable business assistance model for creative economy business actors; know integrative sustainability actions to increase taxpayer compliance, and politicize creative economy business actors. In-depth interviews and documentation obtained data. Determination of data sources using random sampling. The data validity used source triangulation. The data analysis technique used a data analysis model according to Miles and Huberman. The results showed that there are problematic clusters of creative economy business actors divided into culinary services and culinary goods. The need for an integrated sustainable business assistance model for creative economy business actors that involves intellectuals, business people, creative economy community, government, mass media - social media, and resources. Integrative sustainability actions to improve taxpayer compliance and politicize creative economy business actors through expanding tax training with the Business Development Services (BDS) Program, enactment of PP 23 of 2018, simplifying legislation for creative economy business actors with the enactment of the Omnibus Law, to the local government Omnibus Law give authority to the chief executive to provide fiscal incentives to business actors to increase taxpayers.

Abstract: Mosque is an integral part of Muslim spiritual, sosial and cultural life. But nowadays the mosque is facing the role and function narrowing from a community development center to a commercial area complement. Therefore, this study aims to determine, describe and analyze the Muttaqien Mosque existence in the dialectic of community development center and commercial area, including education, health, economic and socio-cultural affairs. The research results showed that in education aspect, there are studies which conducted regularly every day to enhance the knowledge and scientific treasures of congregation. In economic aspect, mosque was successful to increase congregation welfare including trader, labor hand, even paddle rickshaws and scholarships for underprivileged children. For health aspect, mosque provides friend space to mothers and children for help the congregate to obtain information on health and nutritional needs of children. And in socio-cultural aspect, mosque contributes in helping the public agenda like mass circumcision and humanitarian assistance when disaster occurs. Keywords: Mosque Existence, Community Development Center, Commercial Area Abstrak: Masjid merupakan bagian integral kehidupan spritual, sosial dan kultural umat Islam. Namun dewasa ini keberadaan masjid semakin mengalami penyempitan peran dan fungsi dari pusat pengembangan masyarakat menjadi sekedar pelengkap kawasan niaga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui, mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis eksistensi Masjid Muttaqien dalam dialektika pusat pengembangan masyarakat dan kawasan niaga meliputi bidang pendidikan, kesehatan, ekonomi dan sosio kultural. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam aspek pendidikan, terdapat kajian dan pengajian rutin harian untuk menambah wawasan serta khazanah keilmuan jamaah. Dalam aspek ekonomi, masjid berhasil meningkatkan kesejahteraan jamaah meliputi pedagang, buruh gendong, bahkan pengayuh becak serta memberi beasiswa untuk anak-anak kurang mampu. Di aspek kesehatan, masjid menyediakan ruang sahabat ibu dan anak guna membantu jamaah memperoleh informasi kesehatan dan kebutuhan gizi anak. Dan di aspek sosio kultural, masjid membantu berbagai agenda masyarakat seperti khitanan massal dan bantuan kemanusiaan saat terjadi bencana. Kata kunci: Eksistensi Masjid, Pengembangan Masyarakat, Kawasan Niaga

The article examines the state of the Rusin community in the Second Polish Republic according to Nash Lemko newspaper materials. The authors specify the editorial policy of the newspaper, its rubrics and the authors’ board, focus on the cultural and social agenda faced by the Lemkos during the interwar period, including the resistance to polonisation: protection of cultural institutions, development of Ukrainian-language schooling, preservation of church and religious identity. The analysis has shown that Nash Lemko did not avoid discussing complex problems related to the Rusins. Thus, the Rusins faced a wide range of economic and household challenges, among which were the barbaric exploitation of natural resources by the state, the lack of land, the reduced demand for Lemko agricultural products, etc. followed by the mass emigration. The authors have proved that the newspaper not only diagnosed the abovementioned difficulties, but also tried to provide advisory assistance in their solution and urged the Lemkos to master new types of economic activity. It has been concluded that the newspaper was a prominent phenomenon of Rusin periodicals. Despite the difficult interwar times, it succeeded in uniting the Lemkos behind the idea of preserving their own cultural identity and fostering national unity.

The strategic goal of economic and social policy in the countryside should be to ensure an integrated multifunctional development of communities, which would increase their role not only in the development of agricultural production, but also in other types of labor activities, and also, which is very important, to ensure a favorable environment for their living. Thus, the strategic foundation of this solution is the development of the productive forces of each rural community. Therefore, the orientation of the rural communities, especially the united ones, to its own resources and opportunities is the strategic basis for the revival of the Ukrainian peasantry, and given the amount of unemployed population living in rural areas today, it has a rational content. In this context, state aid could take part in the development of a Comprehensive rural development program and the revival of the peasantry, with regard to possibilities of each community, based on the new economic policy, the basis and strategic base of which should be mass co-operative movement. Due to the association of small rural producers, their contribution to the production of gross agricultural products will be significantly appreciable, so effective assistance to power structures of all levels, especially legal ones, could actually, in a short period of time, affect the increase in the profitability of their management, the creation of acceptable social conditions, improving their social protection, adapting and raising awareness of the latest technological solutions to increase their own production of cheap and quality products, as well as what is extremely important today is the improvement of the well-being of the peasants. A comprehensive, consolidated combination of the concrete efforts of the state and the resources that the rural population still possesses, in the name of its new territorial communities, under certain conditions, could become a major driving force in ensuring the systematic development and revival of the Ukrainian peasantry, which is one of the most important foundations of its existence. The modern village really needs development, and this development – financial, organizational, systemic and other forms of support. That is, there is a need for a coherent and systemic village development policy, or, as they call it European researchers, rural development policy, in our today's sense, as well as united territorial communities. Against the backdrop of a sharp rise in energy prices, agricultural machinery, fertilizers, feed, services, etc., low purchase prices, the lack of stable and reliable sales channels makes its production extremely ineffective. Solving similar issues in Ukraine is possible only with the state support for the development of agricultural servicing cooperatives as an important factor, increasing the competitiveness of private farms and individuals who are engaged in agricultural production, improving their socio-economic status and expanding their employment. The development of cooperation is a logical stage in the development of a market economy system in agriculture and one of the ways of integrated development of rural united communities. In particular, the success of rural cooperatives in Galicia in the first half of the 20th century showed a high level of adaptability of local economic traditions to European culture of agricultural production and successful agricultural business. This, extremely important for today's conditions, the experience of the survival of the Galician village until 1939, as well as the Ukrainian community abroad, showed that only uniting all the patriotic forces of the Ukrainian community and channeling their efforts to revive a solid, highly organized under the state guardianship and protection of the cooperative movement, will enable in the coming years to ensure sustainable development of rural communities and to solve problems of food security of the state.

The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted various sectors. As for the sectors affected is the education sector. Many countries decide closing schools, colleges as well as universities, including Indonesia as an effort to break the chain of the spread of Covid-19. To cut off the spread of Covid-19 and comply government regulations, educators and all students are forced not to be face to face temporarily. The COVID-19 pandemic is forcing schools, colleges and universities to shift their entire instructional device to one online delivery overnight. It is no longer a question of whether online education can deliver on the promise of quality higher education and more to how universities can promptly and effectively embrace the mass adoption of online learning. This research was conducted in locations affected by the covid-19 pandemic, because the covid-19 pandemic has a very significant impact on the survival of the lower class in particular. Entrepreneurs are expected to help overcome the economic problems of the nation and the State, although there are many challenges and obstacles that must be faced in overcoming problems due to limited education. and resource knowledge. This community service activity is carried out by providing online learning and training assistance for 1 month on building entrepreneurship character to youth organization (Karang Taruna). The activity is the increasing entrepreneurial knowledge and skills of participants in optimizing information technology-based programs in the marketing media for organic hydroponic vegetable Urban Farming products. The result of this activity is the increasing creativity of youth group organization and to motivate them and also create a connection model for microenterprise entrepreneurship and value creation with the economic, social and environmental aspects of sustainable development.

The subject of the research is the phenomenon of dissipation of the social identity of young people in modern Russian society. Purpose: to compare the reflection of this phenomenon in the academic and public consciousness. Hypothesis: the dynamics and structure of the idea of the social identity of young people at the present stage of Russia's development is not the same in the academic and public consciousness. The hypothesis was tested on the example of publications included in the RSCI database. There are two categories of publications: 1) scientific journals, dissertations, 2) conference materials. The first reflects ideas about social phenomena in the minds of the academic community; the second is in the mass consciousness of the general scientific community. Search depth 11 years (2012–2021). It included the annexation of Crimea to Russia, pension reform, the C0VID-19 pandemic, and the merger of two social support funds for the population (PF and FSS). The volume of empirical data amounted to 86341 titles of publications. The views of the authors of publications on the phenomenon under study were recorded according to five search queries: “social identity of young people”, “social security”, “social protection”, “social assistance”, “social support”. The algorithm of the relationship between these topics was studied using paired correlation analysis. It was found that the peak of publications for these requests coincided with the three-year period 2016–2018. The reflection of the problem of the social identity of young people in academic publications preceded its active discussion in conference proceedings by 4–6 years. Fundamental differences are found in the ideas about the social identity of young people in the academic and public consciousness. In scientific articles and dissertations, the social identity of young people is considered as a special case of self-organization of complex social systems, in conference materials – as a separate element of a hierarchically built deterministic financial system. The results obtained are regarded by us as proof of the correctness of the null hypothesis put forward. Possible areas of application of the results of the study: youth, social and demographic policy of the state at a new stage of socio-economic reforms. The limitation for the implementation of the research results in the practice of social management may be the effect of inertial public opinion and mass consciousness, as well as the financial interests of individual lobbies currently involved in the implementation of social projects. Directions for future research – targeted monitoring of the transformation of the mass in accordance with the requirements of the modern technological revolution.

Dans le processus de la gouvernance locale, les nouvelles stratégies de développement impliquent la contribution financière de tous les acteurs de la vie sociale dans les divers projets de développement. Ce travail vise à analyser la contribution des activités agricoles au développement local dans la commune d’Athiémé. L’approche méthodologique utilisée s’articule autour de la collecte des données (recherche documentaire et enquêtes de terrain), de leur traitement et de l’analyse des résultats. Sur la base d’un choix raisonné, 238 personnes sont retenues pour l’enquête et 04 personnes ressources interviewées. Le modèle FFOM (SWOT) a servi à l’analyse synthétique des résultats. Il ressort de cette étude que la commune d’Athiémé dispose de potentialités naturelles et humaines favorables au développement d’une variété de culture. En effet, l’activité agricole occupe près de 70 pour cent de la population active. La production dans la commune est essentiellement basée sur la culture du maïs (de 6241 t en 1995 à 5582 t en 2017), du manioc (de 105 t en 1995 à 114 t en 2017), de l’arachide (de 105 t en 1995 à 5582 t en 2017) et de quelques produits maraichers (tomate, piment, etc). Les revenus issus de ces productions ont contribué à améliorer les conditions de vie des producteurs mais aussi au financement de la mise en place des infrastructures sociocommunautaires puisque les TPA (Taxes des Patentes) varient entre 100 FCFA et 600 FCFA perçues chaque jour de marché et les recettes fiscales ont évolué progressivement allant de 15,67 pour cent en 2009 à 34,15 pour cent en 2019. Toutefois, de nombreuses difficultés d’ordre technique, économique et social constituent un problème pour le bon fonctionnement des organisations paysannes. Pour remédier à ces difficultés, les organisations paysannes ont besoin d’une assistance financière et technique de la part des autorités locales. In the process of local governance, the new development strategies involve the financial contribution of every actor in social life in the various development projects. This work aims at analyzing the agricultural activities' contribution to the local development of Athiémé municipality. The methodological approach used involves the data collection (documentary research and field surveys), treatment, and analysis of findings. A sample of 238 people has been chosen for the study, and 04 resource people have been interviewed. The SWOT model was used for the synthetic analysis of the findings. The findings analysis reveals that Athiémé municipality gets some natural and human potentials favorable to developing a variety of crops. Production in the area is mainly based on corn cultivation, cassava, peanuts, and some garden products (tomatoes, peppers, etc.). Agricultural activities represent nearly 70 pour cent of the active population. Not only have the incomes from these productions helped improve producers' living conditions, but they have also helped to set up socio-community infrastructures since the TPA (Taxes des Patentes) varies between 100 FCFA and 600 FCFA, and the tax receipts have evolved gradually from 15.67 pour cent in 2009 to 34.15 pour cent in 2019. However, many technical, economic and social difficulties are obstacles to the proper functioning of farmers' organizations. To overcome these difficulties, farmers' organizations need financial and technical assistance from local authorities.

The article analyzes the ASEAN policy to resolve the political crisis in Myanmar, the main means and directions of its implementation. The confrontation in society as a result of the military coup on February 1, 2021 is accompanied by violence and threatens to escalate into a civil war. The threat of losing its central role in the regional security system and the regionalization of the conflict prompts ASEAN to look for ways out of it in accordance with the adopted action plan. However, its implementation is difficult both due to the fact that ASEAN remains hostage to the fundamental principle of its activities, non-interference in the internal affairs of its members, and the unwillingness of all parties to the conflict in Myanmar to seek ways of reconciliation. ASEAN's interaction with the military leadership accused of mass repression is asymmetric, with the success or failure of the ASEAN peacekeeping mission almost entirely dependent on the political will of the military. Nevertheless, ASEAN remains today the only force capable of influencing the development of the political situation in Myanmar. The best option for the international community to participate in resolving the conflict in Myanmar is to assist ASEAN in the implementation of peacekeeping activities. The most realistic ASEAN initiative today is to provide humanitarian assistance to Myanmar, which is on the brink of a humanitarian catastrophe. Considering the negative trends in socio-economic development, Myanmar for many years to come will need humanitarian support, in the provision of which ASEAN has advantages over Western states and associations. Giving preference to the methods of soft diplomacy, dictated by the need to observe the principle of non-interference in the internal affairs of Myanmar, ASEAN as an institution demonstrates its functional weakness, which the military who seized power use to delay the implementation of the measures proposed by the bloc to resolve the conflict. ASEAN continues to act with great caution, and this may cause it losing the influence on the development of the situation when China, which is not interested in prolonging the conflict, seizes the initiative.