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1
Li, Bo. "Serialized literary translation in Hong Kong Chinese newspapers." Translation and/in Periodical Publications 14, no. 2 (June 26, 2019): 306–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/tis.00043.li.
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Abstract China experienced one of the great “waves of translation” and a boom of Chinese-language newspapers around the turn of the twentieth century. It is not coincidence that many of the translated works were initially serialized in these newspapers. Although translations in these newspapers, especially those in Shanghai, have gained increasing attention, those in Hong Kong have remained largely unexplored. This paper addresses this gap and the specific subgenre that has received scant attention: serialized translated literature. In particular, the paper focuses on the case study of The Chinese Mail, examining spatial and temporal dimensions of newspaper serialization of translated literary works in Hong Kong.
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Schulz, Ninja, Carolin Biewer, and Lisa Lehnen. "Hongkongites, Hong Kongers, Hong Kong Belongers?" English World-Wide 41, no. 3 (November 9, 2020): 295–324. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/eww.00052.sch.
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Abstract To find empirical evidence for Schneider’s (2007) periodisation for the emergence of Hong Kong English, Evans (2014, 2015) scrutinised various historical documents, such as newspapers, council proceedings and jury lists. Taking the increasing use of the terms Hongkonger and Hongkong people during the 1980s as evidence for the emergence of a new Hong Kong identity, he argued that the Chinese population considered themselves part of the community. This paper systematises Evans’ (2014) approach by analysing terms denoting ingroup and outgroup members in English news discourse in Hong Kong from 1903 to 1999. By tracing changes in frequency, reference and discourse topics associated with the terms, periods of identity reconstructions are uncovered and Schneider’s and Evans’ periodisations reassessed. The study thus contributes to our understanding of the social dynamics in Hong Kong’s history, which are considered key to the emergence of Hong Kong English.
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Wong, Linda. "Community Care in China and Hong Kong." Asian Journal of Public Administration 15, no. 2 (December 1993): 159–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02598272.1993.10800277.
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Hua, Minchao. "The 2014 Scottish Referendum in the Chinese imagination." Scottish Affairs 28, no. 2 (May 2019): 200–215. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/scot.2019.0277.
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This paper lays out the perceptions of three different regions to describe Chinese perspectives on the 2014 Scottish Independence Referendum. Mainstream newspapers, cyber-opinions, and scholarly writings are three vectors to assess Mainland Chinese perception. Considering the limited number of academic reports about the referendum in Taiwan and Hong Kong, compared to that on the mainland, our conclusion about their perceptions is primarily based on mainstream newspapers. The article identifies two ideologically opposed perspectives. On the one hand, the dominant view in Mainland China (and in mainstream newspapers in Hong Kong and Taiwan) framed the referendum in negative terms, presenting it as a ‘threat’ and a ‘problem’. On the other hand, the dominant view in Hong Kong and Taiwan praised the Scottish referendum as a model of participatory democracy. These contrasting perspectives are deeply rooted in distinctive ideologies and historical experiences.
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Gibb, Heather, and Eleanor Holroyd. "Images of Old Age in the Hong Kong Print Media." Ageing and Society 16, no. 2 (March 1996): 151–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x00003275.
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AbstractThe present study set out to identify how the experience of being old in Hong Kong is represented through images commonly recurring in the print media. A case is presented for how the media not only reflect social images and views on ageing, but actively participate in the social construction of views about being old. Two newspapers in Hong Kong, the South China Morning Post (English medium) and the Sin Tao (Chinese medium), were surveyed and contents of stories depicting old age were analyzed, using a qualitative and quantitative methodological design. Dominant amongst the themes was vulnerability in old age. Newspapers used stories according to journalistic formulae to present both negative and positive depictions of old age; however, positive stories carried a sense of the exceptional rather than ordinary life. Results were analysed through a comparison between the two Hong Kong newspapers as well as a comparison with a similar study undertaken on the Australian print media.
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Wilson, James M., Marissa Iannarone, and Chunhui Wang. "Media Reporting of the Emergence of the 1968 Influenza Pandemic in Hong Kong: Implications for Modern-day Situational Awareness." Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness 3, S2 (December 2009): S148—S153. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/dmp.0b013e3181abd603.
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ABSTRACTObjective: We investigated local media reporting during the emergence of influenza A/Hong Kong/68 in Hong Kong to understand how indolent social awareness contributed to delays in warning of the pandemic.Methods: Daily output from 1 English-language and 4 local Chinese-language newspapers published in Hong Kong between July 1 and August 31, 1968 were manually reviewed for all references to the presence of respiratory disease or influenza in southern China and Hong Kong. Public announcements from the World Health Organization Weekly Epidemiological Record were used to approximate international awareness.Results: Influenza A/Hong Kong/68 appeared abruptly in Hong Kong and within 1 week began to affect the functioning of the health care sector as well as civil infrastructure due to worker infection and absenteeism. Substantial delays in communication between Guangzhou, China, and Hong Kong officials contributed to delays in warning globally.Conclusions: The 1968 experience emphasizes the need to use the news media in the operational setting as a critical component in warning of a pandemic. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2009;3(Suppl 2):S148–S153)
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Shen, Shuang. "Dispatch from Hong Kong." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 123, no. 5 (October 2008): 1757–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/pmla.2008.123.5.1757.
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I moved to Hong Kong about fourteen months ago to teach in a liberal arts university located in the new territories, on the border between Hong Kong and mainland China, about half an hour away by bus. Before coming to Hong Kong, I had taught for a few years in several American institutions, ranging from a community college to a research university. The courses I taught were mostly in Asian American literature, postcolonial literature, and Chinese literature in translation. Immersed as a graduate student and a teacher in American multiculturalism, postcolonialism, and ethnic studies, I have found a great deal of difference between the situation in Hong Kong and the social contexts of the United States and former colonial nations in South Asia, in which most ethnic, multicultural, and postcolonial theories are situated.
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Cheng, Celine S. M., and Amanda P. Y. Lau. "Complaints on abortuses handling: policy recommendations for Hong Kong." Public Administration and Policy 22, no. 1 (July 1, 2019): 71–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/pap-04-2019-0004.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to review cases about complaints of abortuses handling in Hong Kong, and to further propose policy recommendations to help comfort parents with respect and dignity toward abortuses. Design/methodology/approach There is a systematic review of articles/newspapers related to the practice and regulation of abortuses handling in Hong Kong and overseas countries. Also, point of views among stakeholders are selected from: newspapers, patients’ groups, Hong Kong SAR Government’s websites, radio programmes’ interviews, related organizations’ websites, blogs from legislative councilors and lawyers. Findings Since parents suffered from miscarriage before 24 weeks’ pregnancy are increasingly willing to share their experiences and struggled for arranging a legal funeral for their children, Hong Kong SAR Government is able to understand these parents’ needs and hence set up more “Angel Garden” in both the public and the private cemeteries. Yet, the provision of funeral and cremation services are still not comprehensive. Existing measures from Mainland China and overseas countries to handle abortuses and to provide support for parents are analyzed. More critically, ethical concern on handling abortuses as one of the clinical wastes is further included in the discussion. Originality/value Although all less than 24 weeks’ fetuses cannot be given any Certificate of Stillbirth, respect and dignity can still be presented toward their parents by flexible regulation. After discussing the related measures on handling abortuses from other countries, some of their humane regulations are feasible to be applied to Hong Kong.
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Ng, Chee Hong, Hong Ma, Xin Yu, Helen Chiu, Julia Fraser, Sandra Chan, Edmond Chiu, and Fu Jun Jia. "China-Australia-Hong Kong tripartite community mental health training program." Asia-Pacific Psychiatry 1, no. 2 (October 2009): 90–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1758-5872.2009.00021.x.
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Wu, Qiaobing, Ying Ou, and Lucy P. Jordan. "Mapping the Cultural Identities of Youths in Hong Kong from a Social Capital Perspective." Social Sciences 9, no. 11 (November 12, 2020): 205. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci9110205.
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With its unique geopolitical status and multicultural setting, Hong Kong has harbored different youth groups generated from cross-border migration with mainland China who are tied to different cultural values and identifications. This study aims to investigate how social capital embedded in the family, school, and community influences the cultural identities across three groups of Chinese youths in the educational system: local students; cross-border students (born in Hong Kong, living in the neighbor city of mainland China but attending schools in Hong Kong on daily commute); and new immigrant students (born in mainland China but living in Hong Kong for less than seven years). Using data from a cross-sectional survey with 2180 fourth- to ninth-grade students in Hong Kong, the logistic regression results suggest that family and community social capital play significant roles in shaping the cultural identity of youths. Implications of the research findings are discussed.
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Evans, Stephen. "The evolution of the English-language speech community in Hong Kong." English World-Wide 30, no. 3 (September 25, 2009): 278–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/eww.30.3.03eva.
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This article traces the evolution of the English-language speech community in Hong Kong since the early 1840s. Inspired by Schneider’s (2007) innovative “Dynamic Model”, the article examines textual and statistical data derived from a range of hitherto unexploited archival sources, including a historical corpus of English-language newspapers, confidential Colonial Office correspondence, and government records. Changes in the size and composition of the English-language speech community are tracked through a diachronic analysis of government censuses, school enrolments, lists of jurors, and letters to the press. The results of this analysis support Schneider’s contention that the 1960s marked an important turning point in Hong Kong’s linguistic history in that it presaged a substantial, education-driven increase in the numbers and proportion of English users in the territory. Despite the significant expansion of the English-using community in the past four decades, the dominant theme of public discourse about English has been that of “declining standards”. While the existence of a “complaint tradition” accords with the predictions of the Dynamic Model, it is perhaps not widely known that this tradition is a long-standing one. The present article traces this tradition back to the era of the Opium Wars.
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Liu, Yonghou, and Ye Zhao. "English Spelling Variation and Change in Newspapers in Mainland China, Hong Kong and Taiwan." English Today 31, no. 4 (November 2, 2015): 5–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266078415000334.
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English spelling has a reputation for being notoriously difficult to learn, whether for native speakers of English or for those who learn it as an additional language. An additional problem for EFL learners is that there are two somewhat different systems to choose between: the British system and the American one. As Bondesen (2004: 4) points out, ‘although the two spelling systems are much more similar than they are different, there is variation between them.’ (For surveys of some of the main differences see Trudgill & Hannah, 1994; Carney, 1997.) The spelling discrepancies between the two varieties are systematic, and originate in large part from American spelling reform as a symbol of ‘linguistic independence’ (Knowles, 1997), and from the work of early American linguists such as Benjamin Franklin and Noah Webster. The aim of this article is to investigate the spelling preferences of English users in a few regions outside Britain and the United States, and to establish whether any clear patterns of regional variation are discernible.
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Lee, Sing, Helen F. K. Chiu, and Char-Nie Chen. "Anorexia Nervosa in Hong Kong." British Journal of Psychiatry 154, no. 5 (May 1989): 683–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.154.5.683.
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Anorexia nervosa is a geographically distinct psychiatric disorder; it is rapidly increasing in incidence in Western countries, while being virtually unreported in China, or in the Chinese community of Hong Kong. This is surprising when the Chinese preoccupation with food and their reported readiness to somatise dysphoria are considered. Three Chinese anorectics born and living in Hong Kong and exhibiting mostly typical clinical features are reported. The rarity of the disorder in the East could be related to protective biological and sociocultural factors specific to the Chinese, and while it may become more common, anorexia nervosa is unlikely to reach Western proportions.
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Shaoyang, Lin. "Hong Kong in the Midst of Colonialism, Collaborative and Critical Nationalism from 1925 to 1930." China Report 54, no. 1 (January 2, 2018): 25–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0009445517744409.
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In the late 1920s, cultural nationalism in Hong Kong was imbedded in Confucianism, having been disappointed with the New Culture Movement and Chinese revolutionary nationalism.1 It also inspired British collaborative colonialism. This study attempts to explain the link between Hong Kong and the Confucius Revering Movement by analysing the essays on Hong Kong of Lu Xun (1881–1936), the father of modern Chinese literature and one of the most important revolutionary thinkers in modern China. The Confucius Revering Movement, which extended from mainland China to the Southeast Asian Chinese community and then to Hong Kong, formed a highly interrelated network of Chinese cultural nationalism associated with Confucianism. However, the movements in these three places had different cultural and political roles in keeping with their own contexts. Collaborative colonialism’s interference with the Confucius Revering Movement is one way to understand Lu Xun’s critical reading of Hong Kong. That is, Hong Kong’s Confucius Revering Movement was seen as an endeavour of the colonial authorities to co-opt Confucianism in order to deal with influences from China. This article argues that Hong Kong’s Confucius Revering Movement should be regarded as one of the main perspectives through which to understand Hong Kong’s educational, cultural and political histories from the 1920s to the late 1960s. Lu Xun enables us to see several links. The first link is the one connecting the Confucius Revering Movement in Mainland China, Hong Kong and the Chinese community in Southeast Asia. This leads to the second link, that is, Lim Boen Keng (Lin Wenqing), the leading figure of the Confucius Revering Movement in the Southeast Asian Chinese community who later became the President of Amoy University, where Lu Xun had taught before his first visit to Hong Kong. The third link is the skilful colonial administrator Sir Cecil Clementi, who came to British Malaya in February 1930 to become Governor after being the Governor of Hong Kong. We can observe a network of Chinese critical/resistant and collaborative nationalism from these links.
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KWOK, H. K., and RICHARD T. CORLETT. "Seasonality of a forest bird community in Hong Kong, South China." Ibis 141, no. 1 (June 28, 2008): 70–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1474-919x.1999.tb04264.x.
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Chang, Angela, Peter J. Schulz, and Angus Wenghin Cheong. "Online Newspaper Framing of Non-Communicable Diseases: Comparison of Mainland China, Taiwan, Hong Kong and Macao." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 15 (August 3, 2020): 5593. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17155593.
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As non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are now well recognized as the leading cause of mortality among adult populations worldwide, they are also increasingly the focus of media coverage. As such, the objective of this study is to describe the framing of NCDs in the coverage of newspapers, with the understanding that it says something about the society producing it. Automatic content analysis was employed to examine disease topics, risks, and cost consequences, thus providing lay people with a chance of learning the etiology of NCDs and information available for fighting diseases. The result of the computational method identified a total of 152,810 news articles with one of the seven supra-categories of NCDs. The category of metabolic diseases was covered most frequently in the past ten years. Three health risks received ample attention in all 11 newspapers: stress burden, tobacco use, and genetic predispositions. The results evidenced how media framed risk information of illnesses would distort the way in which diseases were selected, interpreted, and the outcome communicated. Future research building on our findings can further examine whether news framing affects the way the readers perceive and prevent NCDs.
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Petersen, Carole J., and Jan Currie. "Higher Education Restructuring and Academic Freedom in Hong Kong." Policy Futures in Education 6, no. 5 (January 1, 2008): 589–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.2304/pfie.2008.6.5.589.
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A former British colony, Hong Kong was reunited with the People's Republic of China in 1997 under the ‘one country two systems’ model. The Hong Kong Basic Law contains detailed provisions for academic freedom, ensuring that local academics enjoy far greater freedom than their counterparts in mainland China. Hong Kong academics and the broader community have also publicly supported academic freedom when they perceived it to be under threat. The authors argue, however, that the recent restructuring of Hong Kong's universities may ultimately pose a greater threat than any explicit interference from the local or national governments.
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Pang, A. H. T., L. C. W. Lam, and H. F. K. Chiu. "Developing psychogeriatric services in Hong Kong." Psychiatric Bulletin 19, no. 8 (August 1995): 506–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.19.8.506.
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Hong Kong is an international trade and finance centre situated on the southern coast of China, offering a unique blend of Western culture and Chinese tradition. With a largely private primary health care system, psychiatric services here have been predominately hospital centred. Following the 1992 Government Review of Rehabilitation Program Plan (Secretary of Health and Welfare, Hong Kong, 1992) development of community-based services has become the major local issue. Psychogeriatrics is the first sub-speciality to have achieved major progress in this area. Such a development illustrates how local psychiatrists faced the challenge of applying Western models to suit an Oriental population with a different socio-cultural value system.
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Johnson, Robert Keith. "Language Policy and Planning in Hong Kong." Annual Review of Applied Linguistics 14 (March 1994): 177–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0267190500002889.
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Hong Kong has a population of 5,902,100 people crowded into its land area of 1076 sq. kms. In broad terms, 98 percent of its population are Chinese.1 They speak Cantonese among themselves and English in dealing with expatriates. The expatriate community, once predominantly British, now reflects the full range of national and multinational commercial and banking interests, including those of the People's Republic of China (PRC) and Taiwan. Luke and Richards (1982) described Hong Kong as having diglossia without bilingualism.
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Kai, Kwok Hon, and Richard T. Corlett. "Seasonality of forest invertebrates in Hong Kong, South China." Journal of Tropical Ecology 18, no. 4 (July 2002): 637–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467402002419.
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Because of its position on the northern margin of the tropics (22° 17′N) and the southern coast of a huge continent, Hong Kong has a climate in which both temperature and rainfall are highly seasonal. Although summer temperatures are equatorial, the January mean is only 15.8 °C,and the absolute minimum recorded at sea level is 0 °C (Dudgeon & Corlett 1994). As a result, all aspects of the ecology of Hong Kong show seasonal changes. The most dramatic changes occur in the bird fauna, with the majority of species migratory (Carey et al. 2001). The winter fruiting peak in secondary shrublands and the forest understorey coincides with the arrival of partially frugivorous migrant robins and thrushes (Corlett 1993). However, while resident insectivore-frugivores consume almost entirely fruit during this period (Corlett 1998), all the winter visitors continue to eat insects and some (e.g. Phylloscopus warblers) are entirely insectivorous. The study of insect seasonality reported here formed part of a 30-mo study of the seasonality of a forest bird community in Hong Kong (Kwok & Corlett 1999, 2000). Plant names follow Corlett et al. (2000).
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Zou, Yizheng. "English newspapers in British colonial Hong Kong: the case of theSouth China Morning Post(1903–1941)." Critical Arts 29, no. 1 (January 2, 2015): 26–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02560046.2015.1009676.
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S. Bauer, Robert. "The Hong Kong Speech Community’s Cantonese and Other Languages." Global Chinese 1, no. 1 (April 1, 2015): 27–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/glochi-2015-1002.
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Abstract The Hong Kong speech community distinguishes itself from others in China by predominantly speaking Cantonese, a South China regional variety which is mutually unintelligible with Putonghua (or Mandarin), China’s official, national language. While Hong Kong is officially (but ambiguously) bilingual in 中文 ‘Chinese’ and 英文 ‘English’, yet simply in terms of its numbers of speakers, social domains in which it is spoken, and deliberate choice by the broadcast media, Cantonese unquestionably serves as Hong Kong’s de facto official spoken language. Other Chinese varieties (or dialects) and non-Chinese languages are spoken in the community, although the numbers of their speakers are relatively small. For both pedagogical and political reasons, schools have been switching from Cantonese mother-tongue instruction to Putonghua. Other language-education issues being addressed by the authorities are demands by Hong Kong’s ethnic minorities to learn to read and write standard Chinese through a comprehensive curriculum for Chinese as a second language and an end to segregated schools.
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MARK, CHI-KWAN. "Development without Decolonisation? Hong Kong's Future and Relations with Britain and China, 1967–1972." Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain & Ireland 24, no. 2 (December 16, 2013): 315–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s135618631300076x.
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AbstractAt a time when the United Kingdom accelerated decolonisation and slowly embraced Europe, London gradually lost the means and the will to fulfil its responsibilities to Hong Kong up until the expiry of the New Territories Lease in 1997. Although the immediate cause of this pessimistic mind-set was the leftist riots in 1967, the factors underlying despondency in London had to do with developments before 1967, namely Hong Kong's growing economic prosperity and administrative autonomy from London since the late 1950s, and beyond Hong Kong itself, the global implications of Britain's withdrawal from East of Suez and entry into the European Economic Community by the early 1970s. By 1972 the process of the “decolonisation” of Hong Kong was well underway. Although the British deemed the time unsuitable to initiate formal negotiation with the then Chinese government, they were prepared to take “informal soundings” concerning Hong Kong's future when a new pragmatic leadership emerged and before the crisis of confidence ensued nearer 1997.
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Liao, Qiuyan, Meihong Dong, Jiehu Yuan, Richard Fielding, Benjamin J. Cowling, Irene Oi Ling Wong, and Wendy Wing Tak Lam. "Assessing Community Vulnerability over 3 Waves of COVID-19 Pandemic, Hong Kong, China." Emerging Infectious Diseases 27, no. 7 (July 2021): 1935–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid2707.204076.
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Lai, Yan-Ho. "Lady Justice or the golden calf? The “China factor” in Hong Kong’s legal system." Social Transformations in Chinese Societies 15, no. 2 (August 21, 2019): 178–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/stics-01-2019-0005.
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Purpose Despite the preservation of “One Country, Two Systems” for 50 years under the Sino-British Joint Declaration and Basic Law, changes are palpable due to the emergence of a real contest between liberal and pro-China actors in the legal profession and the legal environment in Hong Kong. After celebrating the twentieth anniversary of Hong Kong’s sovereignty transfer from Britain to China, it is valuable to study how the sovereign power influence the rule of law in its semiautonomous city by non-legal measures. This paper aims to offer a preliminary research on China’s political economic strategy, which is regarded as the “China factor”, in the legal system of Hong Kong, and its political, economic and legal-cultural impacts on the rule of law. Design/methodology/approach This paper argues that China exerts its influence over the legal system of Hong Kong in four domains, including ideology, political elections, legal organization and cross-border political economy. Based on media research and content analysis over published materials of various legal associations and institutions, it is found that China attempts to consolidate its control in Hong Kong by producing alternative legal ideology and discourse of the rule of law and by co-opting the legal profession under China’s united front strategy. Findings While there are liberal lawyers and legal scholars vocally engaging in defense of human rights and the rule of law in Hong Kong, a network of legal profession promoting socialist and authoritarian legal values has become prominent. Hong Kong’s legal culture will continue to be shaped in accordance with authoritarian characteristics and will adversely affect developing the rule of law in this international city. Originality/value This paper contributes to the study of China’s influence over the legal profession of Hong Kong and in general Hong Kong’s jurisdiction by offering an example to the international community that contributes towards understanding how China adopts different strategies to expand political significance beyond its border.
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Zhu, Lina. "Establishing Zhaoqing Medical Service System to Build the Guangdong, Hong Kong, and Macao Health Community." Advanced Emergency Medicine 9, no. 2 (July 14, 2020): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.18686/aem.v9i2.163.
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<p>The construction of the Guangdong, Hong Kong, and Macao health community is not only an inherent requirement for the economic development and social progress of the Pearl River Delta region, but also an inevitable requirement for the realization of the healthy China strategy and the internationalization and modernization of medical and health care in the three cities. This article discusses answers to issues related to the Guangdong, Hong Kong, and Macao health community. It takes the construction of Zhaoqing medical service system in Guangdong Province as an entry point.</p>
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Lee, S. H. "The SARS Epidemic in Hong Kong – A Human Calamity in the 21st Century." Methods of Information in Medicine 44, no. 02 (2005): 293–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1633966.
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Summary Purpose: This paper reviews the epidemiology and control measures of the SARS epidemic in Hong Kong. It sets out proposals for better preparedness to tackle the disease in future. Background: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) started to strike Hong Kong in March 2003. A total of 1,755 SARS cases with 298 deaths were reported. Prior to the occurrence of the disease in Hong Kong, an intense outbreak of atypical pneumonia was reported in the nearby Guangdong Province in Mainland China. Results: There were three phases in the epidemic. The first phase in March 2003 involved a teaching hospital. The infection originated from a visiting professor from Guangdong, He developed SARS in Hong Kong and died in a Hong Kong hospital. The second phase in April was the spread of the infection from the hospital to the community. The third phase in May was the declining period which ended in June following the removal of Hong Kong from the list of infected areas by WHO. Conclusion: Hong Kong was ill prepared at the early stage of the epidemic. The epidemic produced not only health but also social, economic and humanitarian problems. The epidemic, however, created a strong sense of unity among all sectors of the population in the fight against the disease.
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Hon-Kai, KWOK. "Changes of a forest bird community in Hong Kong of China in 10 years." Acta Ecologica Sinica 27, no. 10 (October 2007): 3993–4001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1872-2032(07)60085-7.
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Yin, Chan Hok. "The Experiences and Participation of Immigrant Intellectuals in the Cultural Development of Hong Kong." China Report 54, no. 1 (December 28, 2017): 48–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0009445517744407.
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This study examines the experiences of two generations of intellectuals that migrated to Hong Kong in 1919 and 1949. * The earlier generation included the former Qing remnants Lai Jixi (賴際熙) and Chen Botao (陳伯陶), and the latter included Tang Junyi (唐君毅), a prominent advocate of Neo-Confucianism. Although they shared a similar ethnic pride, they developed divergent attitudes about the colony of Hong Kong. The former Qing remnants all harmoniously related with the local Chinese elites and businessmen in Hong Kong and, thus, successfully integrated with the mainstream Chinese community. They maintained their traditional Chinese culture while working together with the colonial government even as the cultural gap between Hong Kong and Mainland China expanded. In 1949, significant political changes caused by the creation of the People’s Republic of China created a second generation of immigrants, including Neo-Confucianist Tang Junyi, who shared similar attitudes about traditional culture with the earlier immigrants. However, they developed totally different ideas about Hong Kong with respect to nationalism and colonialism. Although Tang and other immigrants like him all claimed to be proponents of traditional Chinese culture and to promote orthodox traditions, they also held different ideas about culture. This study investigates how Tang Junyi’s nationalism and critical attitudes towards coloniality developed, while also explaining the limitations of his efforts to re-establish China’s national culture without participating in the local culture. This examination not only facilitates our understanding of how elites and intellectuals in Hong Kong saw Chinese culture through different periods but also helps us reflect on the roles and functions of Hong Kong during the historical and cultural development process.
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Chan, Catherine S. "Macau martyr or Portuguese traitor? The Macanese communities of Macau, Hong Kong and Shanghai and the Portuguese nation." Historical Research 93, no. 262 (November 1, 2020): 754–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hisres/htaa027.
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Abstract This article rethinks a Luso-Asian community that existing literature has termed ‘Portuguese’ or ‘Macanese’ by exploring the differences between the Macanese communities of Macau, Hong Kong and Shanghai. It examines inter-port debates between 1926 and 1929 that triggered wide discussion in Portuguese and English-language newspapers regarding the political loyalty of the Macanese. Set against the framework of a burgeoning print capitalism and vibrant associational culture in Asia’s port-cities, the article argues that varying urban circumstances and political structures influenced the negotiation of the Macanese between imperial, civic and colonial identities to eventually construct three new imagined communities.
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Jing, Hongmei, Rui Zhang, Stephen B. Pointing, Hongbin Liu, and Peiyuan Qian. "Genetic diversity and temporal variation of the marine Synechococcus community in the subtropical coastal waters of Hong Kong." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 55, no. 3 (March 2009): 311–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w08-138.
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The phylogenetic diversity of the marine Synechococcus community in the subtropical coastal waters of Hong Kong, China, was examined through intergenic transcribed spacer clone libraries. All the sequences obtained fell within both marine cluster A (MC-A) and B (MC-B), with MC-A phylotypes dominating throughout the year. Distinct phylogenetic lineages specific to Hong Kong waters were detected from both MC-A and MC-B. The highest Synechococcus community diversity occurred in December, but the highest Synechococcus abundance occurred in August. On the other hand, both the abundance and diversity of Synechococcus showed a minimum in February. The remarkable seasonal variations of Synechococcus diversity observed were likely the result of the changes of hydrographic condition modulated by monsoons. Principal component analysis revealed that the in situ abiotic water characteristics, especially salinity and water turbidity, explained much of the variability of the marine Synechococcus population diversity in Hong Kong coastal waters. In addition, the temporal changes of Synechococcus abundance were largely driven by water temperature.
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Yu, Renqiu. "Anita Chan, China's Workers Under Assault: The Exploitation of Labor in a Globalizing Economy. Armonk, New York: ME Sharpe, 2001. 250 pp. $58.95 cloth; $22.95 paper." International Labor and Working-Class History 65 (April 2004): 205–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0147547904330139.
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This is a powerful book that documents and examines the horrible exploitation of labor in contemporary China, particularly the vulnerable migrant workers from rural areas. The bulk of the book is the compilation of more than twenty investigative stories that Chan selects from the Chinese language newspapers and journals published in China, Hong Kong, and Taiwan. All the investigative stories were written by Chinese reporters—some took great risks to do it—and translated into English by Chan and her collaborators. For each case Chan provides a short introduction and “comment” to help the reader comprehend the materials in context and to clarify certain references. In several cases Chan also gives follow-ups to the stories.
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Chan, Sophia. "State-press relationship revisited: A comparison of foreign policy coverage on the Hong Kong 1997 issue by three newspapers." Gazette (Leiden, Netherlands) 53, no. 1-2 (February 1994): 135–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001654929405300110.
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Research in media diplomacy often concluded that media took a pro-government stance in covering foreign affairs. This study tested this finding by content analysing the coverage of the Hong Kong 1997 issue by the New York Times, the Times of Britain and the People's Daily of China. The data indicated that the two western newspapers departed significantly from their governments’ respective positions on the issue, while the People's Daily has followed Beijing's stance on the issue all along. The result challenged the viewpoint of ‘media as governments’ cheerleaders’. A more dynamic approach to media diplomacy research is suggested.
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Chan, Raymond K. H. "Globalisation, Unemployment and the Welfare Regime in Hong Kong." Social Policy and Society 3, no. 3 (June 22, 2004): 273–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474746404001782.
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Hong Kong has a liberal economy, and its welfare regime relies, first, on income through employment and, second, on support provided by family and community members. Although the government has strategically invested in certain social services, generally speaking, its aid is intended to be a secondary, if not the last resort. This system was effective when Hong Kong benefited from globalisation, enjoyed virtually full employment in the decades preceding the mid-1990s. However, the changes in capital flow and increasing capital relocation to Mainland China have had a negative impact on employment. As a result, the current welfare regime is unsustainable. The neo-liberal ideologies adopted by the government have only led to further social polarisation and instability. It is time for an approach that combines balanced development with broader social support.
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Du, Zun Feng. "The Safe and Environmentally Sound Recycling of Ships and its Application in China." Advanced Materials Research 490-495 (March 2012): 2704–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.490-495.2704.
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Ship recycling is labour intensive and takes place largely in developing countries. Worker safety and environmental issues have clearly been focused by international community. In this paper, the hazardous wastes onboard were presented and the impact of these pollutants discharged from ship recycling was analyzed. Then, the current international conventions and standards were introduced. Herein, the Hong Kong International Convention for the Safe and Environmentally Sound Recycling of Ships, 2009 (the Hong Kong Convention), was mentioned in detail, including its background, main content and enforcement. Finally, China’s green ship recycling was investigated and some suggestions were proposed to our government and shipbreaking companies. In summary, ship recycling is facing to great opportunities and challenges. Only through the cooperation of the stakeholders, can ship recycling industry get the sustained development.
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So, Alvin Y., and Ping Lam Ip. "Civic localism, anti-mainland localism, and independence." Asian Education and Development Studies 9, no. 2 (December 9, 2019): 255–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aeds-02-2018-0043.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to trace the changing pattern of identity politics in Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR). It shows that in response to the massive urban renewal projects in the 2000s, “civic localism” in the form of cultural preservation movement emerged to protect local community culture against the government-business hegemony. However, due to the deepening of social integration between Hong Kong and the mainland, a new “anti-mainland localism” emerged in the 2010s against the influx of mainlanders. In 2015–2016, as a result of Beijing’s active interference in Hong Kong affairs, localism is further transformed to Hong Kong “independence.” Design/methodology/approach This paper uses a historical methodology to trace the changing pattern of identity politics in Hong Kong after it becomes a special administrative region of China in 1997. Findings It shows how the interaction among the following three factors has shaped the pattern of localism in Hong Kong: macro historical-structural context, social movement dynamics and the response of Hong Kong and mainland government. Practical implications This paper argues that Beijing’s hardline policy toward Hong Kong localism may work in the short run to all push the pro-independence activities underground. However, unless the structural contradiction of the HKSAR is resolved, it seems likely that anti-mainland localism and Hong Kong independence sentiment and movement will come back with a vengeance at a later stage. Originality/value The literature tends to discuss Hong Kong localism in very general terms and fails to reveal its changing nature. This paper contributes by distinguishing three different forms of localism: civic localism in the mid-2000s, anti-mainland in the late 2000s and early 2010s, and independence after 2016. It shows how the macro historical-structural transformation, social movement dynamics and the responses of the Hong Kong SAR government and Beijing government have led to the changes of civic localism to anti-mainland localism, and finally to independence.
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Kueh, C. S. W., and H. K. Chui. "Integrated catchment management of deep bay, Hong Kong." Water Science and Technology 34, no. 12 (December 1, 1996): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1996.0290.
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Deep Bay contains one of the most important wetlands in southern China. It is located at the border of Hong Kong and the Shenzhen Special Economic Zone (SEZ). Over 50,000 birds rely on this wetland as a breeding, feeding, resting and refuelling station in winter. The Deep Bay catchment is also one of Asia's fastest developing areas. Its population has doubled since 1984. The rapid population increase and economic development have exerted considerable pressure on the wetland environment. Efforts have been made to reduce the pollution loads by both the Hong Kong and Shenzhen Governments to protect this ecologically important wetland. Through the implementation of a series of environmental programmes, including: sewerage master plans, the livestock waste control scheme, and enforcement of the Water Pollution Control Ordinance, the pollution loads arising from Hong Kong decreased from 125,000 to 45,000 kgBOD5/day between 1988 and 1994 and are expected to further reduce to around 3,000 kgBOD5/day by the year 2000. To protect the wetland community while promoting sustainable development in the catchment, Hong Kong initiated a study in 1995 to develop a mathematical model for the bay and a water quality management strategy for the future.
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Leung, Bo-Wah. "A proposed model of transmission of Cantonese opera in Hong Kong higher education: From oral tradition to conservatoire." Arts and Humanities in Higher Education 19, no. 2 (August 6, 2018): 144–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1474022218791465.
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Transmission of traditional art forms in the modern world has been a major issue in the field of arts education. Different issues have been raised on how to preserve the traditional art forms for further development. Cantonese opera is a representative Chinese opera popular in south China including Hong Kong. However, the genre has been experienced fluctuation since 1950s with the difficulties of transmission through oral tradition to conservatory tradition. While the Hong Kong Government promotes the genre to reserve the cultural tradition, great masters have been fading out and younger generation encounters difficulties in inheriting the genre. This article reports parts of a large-scale study on the nature and characteristics of oral tradition, learning in community settings, conservatory tradition, and proposes a model of transmission of Cantonese opera in Hong Kong. The model may shed light on preserving, inheriting, and further developing traditional performing arts in the modern world.
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Tang, Denise T.-S. "Youth work in a changing society: A case study of Hong Kong youth service providers." Qualitative Social Work 17, no. 5 (January 4, 2017): 659–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1473325016680283.
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Hong Kong has recently witnessed heightened public awareness of the issues of rights, civil society and citizenship. Contested relations with the Beijing government and slower economic growth in mainland China have seen more Hong Kong citizens become involved in civic engagement and identity politics. Youth service providers thus find themselves forced to respond to a rapidly changing society and changing youth needs while being situated in institutions with their own structural constraints and work culture. The result is that occupational stress is increasingly common amongst Hong Kong secondary school teachers and social workers. This paper presents the findings of a qualitative ethnographic study involving 16 in-depth interviews with community leaders, teachers and school-based social workers. How does a changing society affect youth work in general? How does greater discussion of democracy and human rights in the public sphere affect the way that youth service providers perform youth work? What are the changing roles and responsibilities of these providers in offering support to Hong Kong youth? The research themes that emerged include changing demographics and youth scene, a democratising public sphere in relation to Chinese youth and professionalism as a youth service provider.
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Chan, Elaine. "Defining Fellow Compatriots as ‘Others’ ‐ National Identity in Hong Kong." Government and Opposition 35, no. 4 (October 2000): 499–519. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1477-7053.00043.
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Recent theoretical discussion and Empirical Evidence have shown that national identity is important at both collective and individual levels. The issue of national identity is particularly relevant to the community of Hong Kong, which was reunited with the People's Republic of China (PRC) on 1 July 1997. The fact that 97 per cent of Hong Kong's population is Chinese does not guarantee the automatic development of a sense of national identity. Mutual understanding between the people of the two places is not as easy and natural as one might expect, for objective differences, such as those found in the political, legal and economic systems, make the ‘other’ more stranger than kin. Such difficulties were compounded by the phenomenon that, unlike in many former colonies, the people of Hong Kong did not abhor their outgoing British rulers; in fact many were quite nostalgic about the colonial period.
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Lisa Fischler. "Hong Kong, China: Learning to Belong to a Nation, and: Remaking Citizenship in Hong Kong: Community, Nation, and the Global City (review)." China Review International 15, no. 2 (2009): 281–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cri.0.0166.
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Boakye-Dankwa, Ernest, Anthony Barnett, Nancy A. Pachana, Gavin Turrell, and Ester Cerin. "Associations Between Latent Classes of Perceived Neighborhood Destination Accessibility and Walking Behaviors in Older Adults of a Low-Density and a High-Density City." Journal of Aging and Physical Activity 27, no. 4 (August 1, 2019): 553–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/japa.2018-0297.
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To examine associations between perceived destination accessibility within different distances from home and self-reported overall amounts of walking for different purposes among older adults (aged ≥ 65 years) in Brisbane, Australia (N = 793) and Hong Kong, China (N = 484). Perceived neighborhood destination accessibility types were derived from latent class analysis using comparable measures of perceived distance to 12 destinations from epidemiological studies in the two cities. Associations of perceived destination accessibility with measures of within-neighborhood walking were also estimated in Hong Kong participants. Better perceived destination accessibility was positively associated with the likelihood of walking in Brisbane participants only. Perceived destination accessibility within a short distance from home (5-min walk) was negatively related to the amount of within-neighborhood walking for transport in Hong Kong residents who walked. Our findings suggest that providing moderate-to-high, but not extreme, levels of destination accessibility may be optimal for the promotion of walking in older community dwellers.
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KWAN, L. C., Y. Y. HO, and S. S. LEE. "SHORT PAPER The declining HBsAg carriage rate in pregnant women in Hong Kong." Epidemiology and Infection 119, no. 2 (October 1997): 281–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268897007796.
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The HBsAg status and demographic data of 2480 pregnant women who attended antenatal clinics at Maternal and Child Health Centres in Hong Kong were collected by means of a self-administered questionnaire over a 1-week period in July 1996, to explore the underlying reason of a higher than expected HBsAg prevalence. Local women constituted 49·2% of the sample, mainland Chinese 39·7% and others 11·1%. The overall HBsAg prevalence was 10·0%. When related to place of birth, those born in Hong Kong had a prevalence of 8·4% whereas the prevalence of those born in mainland China was 13·1% (P<0·001). The overall HBsAg carriage rate is high because of a higher rate in immigrants in the community. It is apparent that the HBsAg prevalence of local people in Hong Kong has been decreasing in the past decade. Overall, the current HBsAg carriage rate in the local adult population is estimated to have declined to about 8%.
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Du, Yan-zhi, and TM Simon Chan. "Professional identity of Wuhan and Hong Kong social workers: COVID-19 challenges and implications." Qualitative Social Work 20, no. 1-2 (March 2021): 297–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1473325020973339.
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This reflexive essay focus on how COVID-19 has impacted the professional identity of social workers in Wuhan and Hong Kong. Exploratory and reflexive in nature, eight Wuhan social workers who comprised three males and five females, and seven Hong Kong social workers who comprised one male and six females were recruited for semi-structured interviews. Their experience in Wuhan and Hong Kong during COVID-19 were highlighted. The challenges to professional identity were analyzed and the reflection is categorized into four levels, namely, individual, community, educational and conceptual level. In sum, Wuhan interviewees were more struggled with educating the public on the difference between community work, volunteering and social work, especially at the hospitals, to protect the integrity of the social work profession which shows their commitment to their professional identity. Moreover, they found it difficult to position themselves in proactive online services, where hundreds of workers from different parts of the Mainland China would be involved. On the other hand, Hong Kong interviewees were more inclined to prioritize professional principles at levels that are even higher than those in standardized guidelines. Their goal is to take the best interests of their clients into consideration, and their self-reflections tend to focus more on professional judgement and development of the social work field, to pave the way for future enhancements. Finally yet importantly, the deficiencies of their education as evidenced by the pandemic have been made alarmingly explicit.
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Lo, Patrick, Kevin K. W. Ho, Bradley Allard, Shih-Chang Horng, and Yan Liu. "Reading the city via the public central library in the sociocultural context: A comparative study between the Hong Kong Central Library, Shanghai Library and Taipei Public Library." Journal of Librarianship and Information Science 51, no. 2 (December 7, 2017): 458–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0961000617742448.
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Public libraries across the world are well-known for the promotion of literacy and lifelong learning. However, at the same time, they are important social and community spaces in which community members can engage with each other. With this in mind, this study looks at the ways in which public libraries in China, Taiwan and Hong Kong fulfil these roles in their respective communities. The public libraries chosen for this study were namely: Shanghai Library, Taipei Public Library and Hong Kong Central Library. A total number of 788 responses were collected from all three libraries. Results from the surveys indicated that public libraries in these communities were seen as being important for providing cost-free materials, entertainment, and, especially, contributing to the overall culture of the community at large. Results indicated that the public libraries chosen for this study have social and cultural values alongside its function as an information centre. These findings will be important in understanding the sociocultural roles of public libraries in East Asia.
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Fravel, M. Taylor. "Online and on China: Research Sources in the Information Age." China Quarterly 163 (September 2000): 821–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305741000014685.
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The availability of sources has repeatedly shaped the academic study of contemporary China. In the 1950s and early 1960s scholars relied heavily on official Chinese government sources, which were often accessed through U.S. government translation series. By the mid-1960s, researchers began to draw upon a broader range of Chinese media, especially from the provincial and local levels, as well as interviews with refugees and legal immigrants conducted at the Union Research Institute and Universities Service Centre in Hong Kong. Access to Cultural Revolution materials in the 1970s, particularly revealing Red Guard newspapers and unauthorized collections of Communist Party documents and Politburo member speeches, added an additional level of understanding. The opening of China to fieldwork in 1979 prompted research programmes such as Zouping county, while the use of mainland libraries and archives provided access to an even wider range of materials. Since the late 1980s, as mainland researchers began to examine their society and its recent past, Chinese scholarly writings have offered a new level of detail and rigour that was previously unavailable.
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Chan, Weng Kit. "Beyond nationhood: Border and coming of age in Hong Kong cinema." Global Media and China 5, no. 2 (June 2020): 154–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2059436420930912.
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The 1950s of Hong Kong manifests the initiation of a communal imagination oscillating in between the sovereignty of a British colony and the reality of a Chinese territory. The influx of immigrants from the north and, as a result, the establishment of a border during the 1950s not only restructured the demographic composition of the city but also brought along new momentum for mass cultural productions. Along the contestations and reconciliations between different ethnicities, languages, and identities, Hong Kong cultural configuration has since then embarked on a trajectory of its own, including the conceptualizations of childhood, border, and national ambiguity. Whether this piece of land was once desecrated by colonialism or this reclaimed territory is now alienated by renationalization, the formation of childhood serves as a critical lens to examine the meaning of border and nation from the colonial to the postcolonial eras of Hong Kong. Capitalizing on two titles produced in the early 1950s and in the late 1990s of Hong Kong cinema, namely, Fung Fung’s The Kid (1950) and Fruit Chan’s Little Cheung (1999), this article aims to explore the correlation between border, community, and nationality through the life adventures of the child protagonists, whose transitions and explorations are entangled with a political and territorial border that polarizes our sinophonic imagination in the ongoing present of China–Hong Kong division. In this context, the cultural configuration of Bildungsroman, apart from manifesting Franco Moretti’s “the symbolic form of modernity” or Marc Redfield’s “acculturation of the self,” should embody the struggles with an obscure nationality, as here exemplified from the footprints of childhood tiptoeing on and off the borders of Hong Kong.
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Ka-Lok Chan, Kenneth. "Constructing Relations with Hong Kong under 'One Country, Two Systems'. Prospects for the European Union." European Journal of East Asian Studies 6, no. 2 (2007): 245–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156805807x256881.
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AbstractIn Hong Kong as elsewhere, the European Union (EU) is known more for its collective economic and trade powers than its political clout. Since autumn 2005, the Office of the European Commission in Hong Kong and Macao has steadily stepped up its efforts to disseminate information about the EU. It has also begun to reach out to the local community, while retaining its traditional ties with the elite circles. This study examines the image of the EU according to public opinion in order to identify areas where improvements can be made. By and large, we have found that the image of the EU is rather positive, and the significance of the EU widely recognised. Still, the EU has yet to acquire adequate means of advancing its own values, while systematic collaborations with strategic partners in the non-governmental sectors could be further strengthened to promote the EU's visibility as a global actor that is also relevant to Hong Kong. Moreover, the normative-cum-civilian approach continues to matter in three ways: in the formulation of the EU's policy towards Hong Kong, in promoting the EU as a responsible global actor while EU–China relations develop, and in promoting lesson-learning and sharing of values.
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Miles, Steven B. "Unruly People: Crime, Community, and State in Late Imperial South China. By Robert J Antony. Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press, 2016. 308 pp. $65.00, £50.00 (cloth)." Journal of Chinese History 2, no. 2 (May 10, 2018): 443–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jch.2018.10.
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Yip, Paul, Mehdi Soleymani, Kam Pui Wat, Edward Pinkney, and Kwok Fai Lam. "Modeling Internal Movement of Children Born in Hong Kong to Nonlocal Mothers." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 15 (July 29, 2020): 5476. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17155476.
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In Hong Kong, approximately 300,000 children were born to Mainland China couples in the period 1991–2012. According to Basic Law, the mini constitution of Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (SAR) government, these parents do not have residence rights, but their children do. As a result, most of these children have returned to Mainland China with their parents. An important consideration for policymakers is how many of these children (who are now adults in some cases) will return to Hong Kong for good, and when, as this will have a significant impact on social service provision, especially in the education sector, where it will be necessary to ensure there is capacity to meet the additional demand. Prior survey results conducted by the government suggested that more than 50% of these children would return to Hong Kong before age six. It is important to be able to provide a timely projection of the demand into the future. Here, we make use of the immigration records on the actual movement of these children and propose a Markov chain model to estimate their return rates in the future. Our results show that only about 25% of these children would return rather than 50% estimated by the survey. We also find that parents with better educational attainment levels are associated with lower return rates of their children. Timely and relevant social and public policies are needed to prepare for their return to minimize disruption to the local population and promote social harmony for the whole community.