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Journal articles on the topic 'Community planning approaches'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 14 February 2022

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1

Falco, Enzo. "Digital Community Planning." International Journal of E-Planning Research 5, no. 2 (2016): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijepr.2016040101.

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Citizen participation in planning as a decision-making and future-oriented activity is still in the hands of government. New advances in Information Communication Technologies and community informatics have allowed new forms of e-participation and e-planning to emerge. The article refers to theories of social psychology and digital rationality to support the use of ICTs and Web 2.0 in planning as means to deliver more meaningful and independent participatory processes. Moreover, it looks into different planning approaches to and theories of participation to argue and conclude that a digital community and plural planning approach may provide communities with a better setting to move up Arnstein's ladder of citizen participation. The article presents three different open source software and one proprietary software which can be used in practice by citizen groups to produce planning documents. Based on these findings, future research will explore the application of the approach and tools in an urban setting in close collaboration with grass-roots and citizens organizations.

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Boothroyd, Peter, and H. Craig Davis. "Community Economic Development: Three Approaches." Journal of Planning Education and Research 12, no. 3 (1993): 230–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0739456x9301200307.

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3

Howarth, Michelle, and Liz Burns. "Social prescribing in practice: community-centred approaches." Practice Nursing 30, no. 7 (2019): 338–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/pnur.2019.30.7.338.

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More people are living longer with multimorbidities, many of which are handled in general practice. Michelle Howarth and Liz Burns highlight the contribution that general practice nurses can make to providing person-centred approaches to improving health and wellbeing The NHS Long Term Plan recognised the need to understand that ’what matters to someone’ is not the same as ‘what's the matter with someone’. Conversations that focus on what is the matter with someone typically draw out the patient's needs, with assessment and care planning based on classic principles of pathogenesis and accompanying clinical solutions. Conversations that consider what matters to someone draw out a person's individual assets and what is important to them, with personalised care and support planning based on principles of salutogenesis and non-medical solutions, such as social prescribing. This article explores the pivotal role that practice nurses have in maximising their impact on personalised care and population health for all, including for people living with long-term physical and mental health conditions. It highlights the unique contribution that practice nurses can make in strengthening community-centred approaches to health and wellbeing in primary care.

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Vodanović Lukić, Ives. "Placemaking, local community and tourism." Hrvatski geografski glasnik/Croatian Geographical Bulletin 83, no. 1 (2021): 77–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.21861/hgg.2021.83.01.04.

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The challenges of modern tourism development increasingly indicate the need for new approaches based on the creative use of intangible assets and heritage, and a more harmonious relationship between the local community and tourists. Placemaking is one such approach, which goes to the core of what builds places and local communities. This paper looks at the evolution of the concept, and its approaches and definitions. Among the tools of placemaking, tangible (physical design), intangible (mental images), and mixed approaches are recognized. The examples in this paper have been selected mainly from tourism and community development studies. Quality placemaking leads to the development of a sense of place, increases social cohesion, and stimulates the long-term regeneration of public spaces, which contributes to tourism attractiveness. In this light, the concept of placemaking can serve as a useful analytical category for more systematic research on spatial transformations and as a development tool in strategic tourism planning.

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Prusak, S. Yvonne, Ryan Walker, and Robert Innes. "Toward Indigenous Planning? First Nation Community Planning in Saskatchewan, Canada." Journal of Planning Education and Research 36, no. 4 (2016): 440–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0739456x15621147.

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“Indigenous planning” is an emergent paradigm to reclaim historic, contemporary, and future-oriented planning approaches of Indigenous communities across western settler states. This article examines a community planning pilot project in eleven First Nation reserves in Saskatchewan, Canada. Qualitative analysis of interviews undertaken with thirty-six participants found that the pilot project cultivated the terrain for advancing Indigenous planning by First Nations, but also reproduced settler planning processes, authority, and control. Results point to the value of visioning Indigenous futures, Indigenous leadership and authority, and the need for institutional development.

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Palermo, Claire, Clare Robinson, Kate Robertson, and Shireen Hii. "Approaches for prioritising the nutritional needs of refugee communities." Australian Journal of Primary Health 18, no. 1 (2012): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py11008.

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An important part of health promotion planning is identifying priority areas for programs. A typical approach includes a needs assessment where a deficit-oriented approach captures problems within a community. Approaches that focus on strengths have emerged as potentially more appropriate and effective methods for program planning. This report describes the outcomes and learning from using both a deficit-oriented and strength-based approach for identifying and describing nutrition priorities of refugee communities. Focus groups (n = 11) were conducted using both methods with a total of 69 community members from Afghan, Burmese and Sudanese backgrounds. Analysis of the focus group transcripts using a content analysis approach identified key influences on food choice and determinants of health and nutrition. There were differences in the type of information obtained from the deficit-oriented and strength-based approach. Although the strength-based approach was unfamiliar to participants and offered several challenges, it identified unique aspects of the communities that were not identified by the deficit-oriented approach, and could be used as the basis for planning community health promotion strategies. Elements of each method should be considered when designing community program planning strategies.

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Levkoe, Charles Z., Abigail Friendly, and Amrita Daniere. "Community Service-Learning in Graduate Planning Education." Journal of Planning Education and Research 40, no. 1 (2018): 92–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0739456x18754318.

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Community service-learning (CSL) has gained popularity over the past decades in universities across North America. Although planning programs tend to involve more graduate-level community-engaged learning than other professional disciplines, learning outcomes have not been sufficiently examined. Based on a review of existing literature and analysis from four years of a CSL course at the University of Toronto’s Department of Geography and Planning, this article describes the implications of CSL for graduate planning education. We argue that CSL in graduate planning programs has a series of unique characteristics and thus requires distinctive pedagogical approaches.

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Reher, Guillermo, Véronique Karine Simon, Mateja Šmid Hribar, Lone Kristensen, and Jørgen Primdahl. "Approaches to collaborative landscape analysis and planning." Journal of European Landscapes 1 (December 17, 2020): 49–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/jel.2020.1.56265.

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Abstract This paper aims to ground the research paradigm of public engagement within the field of landscape and heritage. Both the European Landscape Convention and the Faro Convention, major international agreements that shape both these dimensions, stress the need to reinforce the democratic nature of projects. This participation needs to go beyond informing stakeholders and formal hearings, and community values and ideas should be included in the planning process. This entails addressing the complexities of stakeholder deliberation and the solution of thorny problems. The present study examines in detail four case studies from the Netherlands, Slovenia and Denmark, in which public participation was crucial in different stages of the project development. The methodologies employed, as well as the effect that such engagement had on the general results, will be highlighted. Finally, the discussion of results will evaluate the findings through the lens of deliberative democracy within territorial planning.

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Nam, Jung-Hoon, and So-Hyun Park. "Enhancing Aging in Community Approaches to Neighborhood Planning : In Reference to Advanced Cases of Japan." Journal of the Korean Housing Association 30, no. 6 (2019): 81–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.6107/jkha.2019.30.6.081.

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Suarez, Pablo, Fiona Ching, Gina Ziervogel, et al. "Video-Mediated Approaches for Community-Level Climate Adaptation." IDS Bulletin 39, no. 4 (2009): 96–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1759-5436.2008.tb00482.x.

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Hatoss, Anikó. "Community-Level Approaches in Language Planning: The Case of Hungarian in Australia." Current Issues in Language Planning 7, no. 2-3 (2006): 287–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.2167/cilp099.0.

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CARPENTER, JULIET, and SUE BROWNILL. "Approaches to Democratic Involvement: Widening Community Engagement in the English Planning System." Planning Theory & Practice 9, no. 2 (2008): 227–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14649350802041589.

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13

Walzer, Norman, Liz Weaver, and Catherine McGuire. "Collective impact approaches and community development issues." Community Development 47, no. 2 (2016): 156–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15575330.2015.1133686.

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O’Gorman, Bryan, Eleanor Gilbert Rieffel, Minh Do, Davide Venturelli, and Jeremy Frank. "Comparing planning problem compilation approaches for quantum annealing." Knowledge Engineering Review 31, no. 5 (2016): 465–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269888916000278.

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AbstractOne approach to solving planning problems is to compile them to other problems for which powerful off-the-shelf solvers are available; common targets include SAT, CSP, and MILP. Recently, a novel optimization technique has become available: quantum annealing (QA). QA takes as input problem instances of quadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO) problem. Early quantum annealers are now available, though their constraints restrict the types of QUBOs they can take as input. Here, we introduce the planning community to the key steps in compiling planning problems to QA hardware: a hardware-independent step, mapping, and a hardware-dependent step, embedding. After describing two approaches to mapping general planning problems to QUBO, we describe preliminary results from running an early quantum annealer on a parametrized family of hard planning problems. The results show that different mappings can substantially affect performance, even when many features of the resulting instances are similar. We conclude with insights gained from this early study that suggest directions for future work.

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Boccella, Nicola, Giuseppina Cassalia, and Irene Salerno. "Community Led Practices and Cultural Planning: Methodological Approaches and Practices for Sustainable Urban Development." Advanced Engineering Forum 11 (June 2014): 125–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/aef.11.125.

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The purpose of this paper is to define a common framework of the Cultural Planning application, in order to provide a range of theoretical and practical tools to combine the conservation of cultural heritage and local development in urban and rural areas, where the management of cultural heritage can have a significant role improving the active participation of the community in the public decision making process. The idea of participation is, at different levels and in different contexts, strongly present in Europe; modern urban design and planning projects are increasingly including local communities in urban development planning activities. In conclusion, the paper argues the possibility of applying the Cultural Planning tool in the field of the Metropolitan City of Reggio Calabria strategic planning.

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Quimbo, Maria Ana T., John Erinorio M. Perez, and Francisca O. Tan. "Community development approaches and methods: Implications for community development practice and research." Community Development 49, no. 5 (2018): 589–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15575330.2018.1546199.

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Dunbar, Kevin. "Understanding Climate Change Adaptation – Lessons from Community-based Approaches." Development in Practice 20, no. 7 (2010): 905–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09614524.2010.508117.

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Hou, Quan Hua, and Chen Liu. "Study on Community Residential Space with Block Unit Mixed Community Theory in Rapid Urbanization Region: Taking Xi'an Changning Newtown Community Planning as an Example." Applied Mechanics and Materials 496-500 (January 2014): 2925–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.496-500.2925.

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The community planning of rapid urbanization area is a problem worth studying under the background of the urbanization at present. To explore the problem of the community existence during Chinese rapid urbanization, and to search for rational approaches to planning and design of community living space of rapid urbanization area are the main goal of this thesis. On the basis of the issues and characteristics of rapid urbanization area community and by analyzing the analogy, a set of method is summarized by the theory of block unit mixed community relying on the case studies.

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19

Cercone, R., D. McDonald, L. Tarrant, and K. Tremblay. "Organizational Renewal and Strategic Planning: A Winning Combination." Healthcare Management Forum 7, no. 1 (1994): 32–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0840-4704(10)61045-9.

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Several approaches to organizational renewal have been described, but few are reported for health care institutions in Canada. In contrast, approaches to strategic planning in health care facilities have been well documented. From our experience over the past six years, the theory and practice of organizational renewal complement the focused activities of strategic planning. This combination can be an effective means to enhance organizational performance, employee commitment and a shared vision among the various stakeholders within the hospital and community. This article outlines the process and benefits that can accrue through such efforts. It demonstrates how the investment of organizational renewal strategies can produce sustainable, operational and strategic planning benefits for community hospitals.

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White, Darcy, and Rob Stephenson. "Using Community Mapping to Understand Family Planning Behavior." Field Methods 26, no. 4 (2014): 406–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1525822x14529256.

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Traditional approaches to researching family planning in developing countries utilize surveys, focus group discussions, key informant interviews, or some combination thereof. However, these methods are limited in their ability to measure community-level influences on family planning behavior. In this article, we assess the benefits of applying community mapping, a participatory research technique, to understand social and cultural influences on family planning in rural Ethiopia and Kenya. In gender-segregated focus groups, participants collaboratively created a map of their district or zone, which they subsequently used to anchor discussion of local supports, barriers, and targets for change. Qualitative analysis of the transcripts revealed that community mapping is a powerful tool with which to understand community-level factors that influence family planning. By facilitating reflection on and discussion of local assets and issues, the mapping exercise identifies relevant factors from the perspective of community members and defines priority points for intervention.

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Yu, Kan Hua, Hui Cai, and Pei Zhang. "Reconstruct of Our Urban Community Planning System and New Study on the Realization Approach under the Low Carbon Vision." Advanced Materials Research 368-373 (October 2011): 1703–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.368-373.1703.

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This paper based on the low carbon requirement of urban community planning to address the theory research and practice of low carbon urban community planning. And then make thorough analysis on the development trend and present status for domestic urban community planning. Then put forward related counter measures and suggestion for reconstruct of low carbon urban community planning system and feasible approaches, hope it could be provide some significance to the scientific decision making in the sustainable development of urban.

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22

Meyer, Sandy, Eugene Henry, Roy E.Wright, and Cynthia A. Palmer. "Post-Disaster Redevelopment Planning: Local Capacity Building Through Pre-Event Planning." Journal of Disaster Research 5, no. 5 (2010): 552–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2010.p0552.

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Drawing upon the lessons learned from the impacts of the 2004 and 2005 hurricane seasons, in 2006 local governments and the State of Florida sought to find a way to change behavior toward creating greater community resiliency. They turned to the State’s growth management law that contains a requirement for coastal jurisdictions to develop a post-disaster redevelopment plan (PDRP), as an effective mechanism to begin to rethink current approaches to disaster recovery. This paper will summarize the combined and coordinated efforts of local, state, and federal government, as well as other stakeholders from 2006 to present, in promoting and facilitating community resiliency through post-disaster redevelopment planning. It will describe: the challenges faced by local communities and state and federal officials; the approach that defined a sound pilot planning initiative; the journey undertaken by one pilot county; lessons learned from looking back on the planning process; the future of advancing community resiliency not only throughout the state but across the nation. It will also highlight key outcomes yielded by the pilot initiative, including methodologies for integrating risk-based decision making within existing community processes and a best practice example of successfully merging recovery, mitigation, response and preparedness principles by organizing, engaging and facilitating communication with stakeholders.

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Cohen, Kenneth, Lorie Higgins, Nick Sanyal, and Charles Harris. "Community Coaching: Answering the Call for Innovative Approaches to Community-Based Development Initiatives." Community Development 39, no. 4 (2008): 71–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15575330809489659.

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Hoehner, Christine M., Laura K. Brennan, Ross C. Brownson, Susan L. Handy, and Richard Killingsworth. "Opportunities for Integrating Public Health and Urban Planning Approaches to Promote Active Community Environments." American Journal of Health Promotion 18, no. 1 (2003): 14–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4278/0890-1171-18.1.14.

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The growing emphasis on promoting environmental change as a means to increase physical activity has motivated conversation and collaboration between researchers and practitioners in the fields of public health and urban planning. Although these fields share similar objectives, their methodological approaches for examining the association between the environment and behavior often differ in significant ways. To facilitate communication, this article discusses ways these fields can collaborate in developing and applying conceptual frameworks, adopting behavioral and environmental measures, and strengthening study designs. By collaborating to build synergism in research and dissemination, public health and urban planning professionals can enhance efforts to increase the number of communities that promote active living.

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Barnebey, Mark P., Tom Macrostie, Gary J. Schoennauer, George T. Simpson, and Jan Winters. "Paying for Growth: Community Approaches to Development Impact Fees." Journal of the American Planning Association 54, no. 1 (1988): 18–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01944368808977149.

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Ann Amaratunga, Carol. "Building community disaster resilience through a virtual community of practice (VCOP)." International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment 5, no. 1 (2014): 66–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijdrbe-05-2012-0012.

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Purpose – This paper aims to discuss a pilot in-progress project to promote community-based research (CBR) as a tool for disaster resilience planning in rural, remote and coastal communities. Using trans-disciplinary approaches, this project demonstrates how emergency and foresight planning in five rural Canadian pilot communities can be enhanced through the co-design of a pilot Web 2.0 “virtual community of practice” (VCOP). Design/methodology/approach – The VCOP initiative was designed with pilot and field site communities to facilitate knowledge generation and exchange and to enhance community resilience. Building a culturally appropriate disaster resilience process is an iterative “process of discovery” and community engagement. Through CBR the project supports practitioners and volunteers to share promising practices and lessons-learned for disaster resilience planning. Findings – The VCOP is being developed in five rural, remote, coastal pilot sites across Canada. Additional field site work is also underway in three urban centres sponsored by a project partner. This paper provides an overview of the initial concept, design and “proof of concept” work currently underway. The pilot project will end in the Fall 2012. Research limitations/implications – Inspired by the work of American adult educator Etienne Wenger, the VCOP entails co-design and co-ownership of a knowledge engagement process; one which enables local “thought leaders” to participate in emergency planning, preparedness, response and recovery. The VCOP provides a communication platform and fosters “foresight” planning and “education for critical awareness”. Through the sharing of theory and practice, i.e. praxis, communities are mobilized and empowered to anticipate future risks and threats and plan for resilient recovery. Practical implications – The VCOP foresight planning paradigm challenges the status quo design and delivery of emergency management protocols from traditional “centres of knowledge and power”, e.g. governments and universities and fosters “bottom-up” community-driven planning to anticipate risks and threats and help enhance local capacity for resilient disaster recovery. Originality/value – The novel application of a VCOP to disaster emergency planning is in keeping with the spirit and principles of UNISDR's Hyogo Framework for Action 2005-2015. VCOP has potential to demonstrate disaster resilience “foresight” planning as evidenced in the adoption of promising ideas and practices developed by communities, for communities. As Louis Pasteur once said “Chance favours the prepared mind”.

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Kyoon-Achan, Grace, and Lynda Write. "Community-based pandemic preparedness: COVID-19 procedures of a Manitoba First Nation community." Journal of Community Safety and Well-Being 5, no. 2 (2020): 45–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.35502/jcswb.131.

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The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the Canadian health, social and economic landscape beginning early in 2020. Efforts to stem the viral tide have called into cooperation international, federal, and provincial governments. These governments are drawing on public health and socio-economic measures to prevent outbreaks in some cases and reduce infections and death rates in others. First Nations are a seemingly peripheral part of the general response, with communities being served by Indigenous Services Canada, a federal government institution responsible for First Nations health care. A participant observation process enabled the reporting of the community’s steps in pandemic planning and preparation. We showcase the work being accomplished on the ground in Nisichawayasihk Cree Nation, a community in northern Manitoba. This includes strong local leadership, evidence-based planning and decision-making, pooling and coordinating resources, ongoing communication, traditional medicines and health approaches, planning for mental health supports, ensuring food security and general safety for community members. All levels of community-based leadership along with strong, measured and well-coordinated action are required to prevent the outbreak of viral infections in First Nation communities.

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Daldanise, Gaia. "From Place-Branding to Community-Branding: A Collaborative Decision-Making Process for Cultural Heritage Enhancement." Sustainability 12, no. 24 (2020): 10399. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su122410399.

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The international debate on cultural heritage enhancement and cultural cross-overs, highlights the need to rethink the relationship between economy, society and territory by working on innovative urban planning and evaluation approaches. In recent times, the concept of “place branding” has become widespread in strategic urban plans, linking marketing approaches to the attractive features of places. The purpose of this study is to outline a holistic approach to cultural heritage enhancement for urban regeneration based on creative and collaborative place branding: “Community branding”. The methodology was tested in Pisticci—near Matera (Basilicata region, Italy)—starting from its historic center. As a multi-methodological decision-making process, Community branding combines approaches and tools derived from Place Branding, Community Planning, Community Impact Evaluation and Place Marketing. The main results achieved include: an innovative approach that combines both management and planning aspects and empowers communities and skills in network; the co-evaluation of cultural, social and economic impacts for the Pisticci Sustainable Urban Lab (PLUS); the writing and signing of an “urban contract” with local Municipality, research centers and PLUS hub association.

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Nguyen, Vi, Hung Nguyen-Viet, Phuc Pham-Duc, and Martin Wiese. "Scenario planning for community development in Vietnam: a new tool for integrated health approaches?" Global Health Action 7, no. 1 (2014): 24482. http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/gha.v7.24482.

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Pudzis, Edgars, Sanda Geipele, and Ineta Geipele. "Community Participiation in Village Development: the Scale of Latvia." Baltic Journal of Real Estate Economics and Construction Management 4, no. 1 (2016): 84–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bjreecm-2016-0007.

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Abstract The research provides an insight into village development planning, as well as considers village planning from the perspective of the national planning framework. Local settings of village development have also been taken into account. The research provides information about possible approaches for local community involvement in development decision-making. The article aims at considering the current situation of the involvement of local communities in the advancement of local territories and at presenting the proposals for public involvement models. Analysis, logical and historical data access methods, induction and deduction have been used in the present research.

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Hidayat, Benny, and Anggraini Rasadi. "Disaster-based participatory development planning." E3S Web of Conferences 156 (2020): 01010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015601010.

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Disasters are a global problem in many countries. Particularly in Indonesia,where has many prone areas to disasters. The perspective of disastermanagement has entered a new paradigm, from previously only focusing onemergency response activities to mitigation and preparedness approaches. Mitigation andpreparedness are carried out when disasters do not occur. Indisaster risk mitigation, it is necessary to involve active communityparticipation, especially in planning for disaster-related development. So far, the communities are mostly only passive object in the development program that only accepts any initiatives of disaster-based development made by thegovernment. The communities need to be placed as active subjectsparticipating in the disaster-related development in their community. Many disaster-based infrastructure developments so far still use the top-downmechanism, namely disaster planning, and management entirely based on the initiation of the government or organization. In Disaster Management Law No.24/2007, it is stated that the community has the right to be actively involved indisaster management efforts in their communities. This paper aims to identifywhat forms of community participation in disaster-based development,especially at the planning stage of infrastructure development activities.

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Harahap, Grace Yuswita. "Instilling Participatory Planning in Disaster Resilience Measures: Recovery of Tsunami-affected Communities in Banda Aceh, Indonesia." Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences (BirEx) Journal 2, no. 3 (2020): 394–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.33258/birex.v2i3.1085.

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Strategically, if community improvement is to become an important priority in post-disaster recovery efforts, then the spectrum of recovery must be widened to instill disaster resilience measures. In fact, to achieve this goal all efforts should be participatory in the approaches and adopt empowerment as a strategic objective. In post-tsunami areas in Aceh, Indonesia, the Village Planning Guidelines are designed, not only to rebuild the village physically, but also to instill disaster response measures where the ultimate goal is to ensure that the community is self-reliant, highly-motivated and action-oriented. Significantly, the inculcation of such positive attributes in the community will prepare them well for disaster mitigation in the future; in such way that the community enable to carry out effective and appropriate reconstruction stages in comprehensive recovery process. Thus, this study evaluates whether chosen participatory approach in village planning process is capable to empower the affected-community in Banda Aceh. Through survey and personal interview of forty respondents from four most-devastated villages, answers for twenty-two questions derived from five variables as criteria of effective facilitation process, resulted that the community agreed facilitation approaches succeeded to encourage the affected-community to involve actively in planning process. However, answers for twelve questions from three variables of effective empowerment process showed that the community gained empowerment simply to an extent. This is a confirmation to general opinion that facilitation needs longer time in its process to empower community. For this reason, further research is expected to develop specific post-disaster participatory approaches in effort to evolve the capability-development level of affected-community.

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Christoplos, Ian. "Understanding Climate Change Adaptation: Lessons from Community-based Approaches." Climate and Development 2, no. 1 (2010): 73–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3763/cdev.2010.0028.

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Smaniotto Costa, Carlos, Marluci Menezes, Petja Ivanova-Radovanova, Tatiana Ruchinskaya, Konstantinos Lalenis, and Monica Bocci. "Planning Perspectives and Approaches for Activating Underground Built Heritage." Sustainability 13, no. 18 (2021): 10349. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su131810349.

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This paper delivers actionable recommendations towards building a rationale for activating and promoting Underground Built Heritage (UBH) based on the nexus heritage, territory and society, and making use of existing literature and findings from five international cases. The research was conducted in the framework of the working group on Planning Approaches of the COST Action Underground4value. The analysis of the cases aims to provide guidelines for this working group and to benchmark good practices in activating UBH. It highlights the importance of community-led initiatives, leadership and dialogue and power sharing between the local/regional authorities and communities aiming for better understanding of the potential of UBH. The successes and/or failures of the five cases emphasise the importance of knowledge and experience in participatory approaches. Success was verified, when effectiveness and democratic principles were combined in the planning process, and local history is integrated with citizen science, co-creation and placemaking. The analysed approaches stimulate a new hybrid layer for activating UBH, provide mechanisms of mediation between people and heritage, and contribute to cultural and social dimensions of sustainability. This is a highly challenging endeavour, as it seeks to support and advance a sound understanding of UBH as a sustainable resource, backed by strategic stakeholder dialogue and contextual knowledge. Such effort requires a dynamic understanding of UBH values, knowledge, abilities and skills, towards creating more effective coalitions of “actors” within localities, by developing structures, which encourage long term collaborative relationships.

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Robinson, Kerry L., and Susan J. Elliott. "Community Development Approaches to Heart Health Promotion: A Geographical Perspective." Professional Geographer 51, no. 2 (1999): 283–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/0033-0124.00165.

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Matschoss, Kaisa, Frances Fahy, Henrike Rau, et al. "Challenging practices: experiences from community and individual living lab approaches." Sustainability: Science, Practice and Policy 17, no. 1 (2021): 136–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15487733.2021.1902062.

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Cavaye, Jim, Leone Wheeler, Shanti Wong, Jan Simmons, Paula Herlihy, and Jim Saleeba. "Evaluating the community outcomes of Australian learning community initiatives: innovative approaches to assessing complex outcomes." Community Development 44, no. 5 (2013): 597–607. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15575330.2013.853681.

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Eicken, Hajo, Finn Danielsen, Josephine-Mary Sam, et al. "Connecting Top-Down and Bottom-Up Approaches in Environmental Observing." BioScience 71, no. 5 (2021): 467–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biab018.

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Abstract Effective responses to rapid environmental change rely on observations to inform planning and decision-making. Reviewing literature from 124 programs across the globe and analyzing survey data for 30 Arctic community-based monitoring programs, we compare top-down, large-scale program driven approaches with bottom-up approaches initiated and steered at the community level. Connecting these two approaches and linking to Indigenous and local knowledge yields benefits including improved information products and enhanced observing program efficiency and sustainability. We identify core principles central to such improved links: matching observing program aims, scales, and ability to act on information; matching observing program and community priorities; fostering compatibility in observing methodology and data management; respect of Indigenous intellectual property rights and the implementation of free, prior, and informed consent; creating sufficient organizational support structures; and ensuring sustained community members’ commitment. Interventions to overcome challenges in adhering to these principles are discussed.

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Buchanan, David, Edna Apostol, Dalila Balfour, et al. "The Cepa Project: A New Model for Community-Based Program Planning." International Quarterly of Community Health Education 14, no. 4 (1994): 361–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/pe71-5rj9-mgqc-x1w0.

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The article describes a new model of community-based program planning developed by the Centro de Educacion, Prevencion y Accion (CEPA) project, an HIV prevention program for Puerto Ricans located in Holyoke, Massachusetts. Based on models of critical thinking, empowerment and participatory education, the basic philosophy of the CEPA project is to narrow the gap between program developers and program recipients to the greatest extent possible. The article discusses the successes and challenges encountered in approaching this ideal. The article concludes with recommendations for public health professionals considering the use of community-based approaches to address public health issues.

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Vanderboom, Catherine E., Diane E. Holland, Paul V. Targonski, and Elizabeth Madigan. "Developing a Community Care Team: Lessons Learned From the Community Connections Program, a Health Care Home–Community Care Team Partnership." Care Management Journals 14, no. 3 (2013): 150–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1521-0987.14.3.150.

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This article describes the development of the Community Connections Program (CCP), a community care team, within a health care home (HCH), as a short-term, intensive, team-based service planning and coordination program for older adults with multiple chronic health conditions. Three proven approaches were combined to support patient’s self-management: nurse care coordination, the Wraparound process, and use of community services. Participants’ responses to the CCP demonstrated the success of the community care team in connecting patients and nurse care coordinators (NCCs) with community service providers, thus supplying primary care providers with important information regarding the development of a community care team to support patient-centered care within a HCH.

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Balsas, Carlos. "The Phoenix Capitol Mall Studios as Examples of Community Embeddedness." Open House International 31, no. 3 (2006): 67–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ohi-03-2006-b0009.

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The Capitol Mall is a very complex urban area adjacent to downtown Phoenix, where Governmental buildings exist side by side with a historic residential neighborhood, warehouse buildings, an under-construction human services campus, vacant lots, and many homeless people on the streets. This area has been 'forgotten' in recent efforts to revitalize downtown Phoenix. The Capitol Mall project involved two studios - Architecture and Planning - conducted simultaneously during spring 2005. The planning studio was intended to develop a revitalization plan and the architecture studio was charged with developing specific programs and projects of urban design and architecture. The purpose of this paper is threefold: 1) to introduce our studios as examples of community embeddedness, 2) to discuss our pedagogical approaches and the project's outcomes, and 3) to present a set of lessons learned that can be valuable to others teaching similar joint studio arrangements. In brief the five lessons are: a) joint studios can have different approaches to reality, b) interdisciplinary studios can benefit from different methodologies and outcomes, c) planning and architecture studios use classroom resources differently, d) joint studios display creativity in different ways, 5) interdisciplinary studios can lead to joint discovery and re-enforcement of learning experiences.

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Dave-Sen, Priti, and Barbara McPake. "Planning and management of community financing: a review of NGO approaches in the health sector." Voluntas 4, no. 3 (1993): 345–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01398153.

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Bano, Ben, and Susan Benbow. "Positive approaches to the fourth age." Quality in Ageing and Older Adults 11, no. 2 (2010): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5042/qiaoa.2010.0287.

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Volenzo, Tom, and John Odiyo. "Ecological Public Health and Participatory Planning and Assessment Dilemmas: The Case of Water Resources Management." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15, no. 8 (2018): 1635. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15081635.

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Water is a key driver for socio-economic development, livelihoods and ecosystem integrity. This is reflected in the emergence of unified paradigms such as Integrated Water Resource Management (IWRM) and the weight accorded to it in the Sustainable Development Goals agenda. This paper interrogated the effectiveness of existing participatory planning and assessment models adapted from IWRM model on water quality and public health at community level. The analysis was built around public health ecology perspective and drew useful lessons from critique of basin wide integrated Modeling approaches and existing community participatory models envisaged under Water Users Associations (WUA) in South Africa. We extended the use of political ecology lenses to ecological public health through use of communication for development approaches, to argue that public health risk reduction and resilience building in community water projects require the use of innovative analytical and conceptual lenses that unbundle cognitive biases and failures, as well as, integrate and transform individual and collective agency. The study concludes that the inherent “passive participation” adapted from IWRM model fail to adequately address water quality and public health dimensions in its pillars. Since water quality has direct bearing on disaster risks in public health, building a coherent mitigatory vision requires the adoption of active participatory assessment and planning models that incorporate livelihoods, agency, social learning dynamics and resilience through recognition of communication for development approaches in community empowerment.

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Dorosh, Olha, Iryna Kupriyanchik, and Denys Melnyk. "SCIENTIFIC APPROACHES TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF PLANNING DOCUMENTATION FOR THE UNITED TERRITORIAL COMMUNITIES." Environmental Economics and Sustainable Development, no. 3-4(22-23) (2018): 42–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.37100/2616-7689/2018/3-4(22-23)/5.

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The land and town planning legislation concerning the planning of land use development within the united territorial communities (UTC) is considered. It is found that legislative norms need to be finalized. The necessity of updating the existing land management documentation developed prior to the adoption of the Law of Ukraine "On Land Management" and changes in the structure of urban development in connection with the adoption of the Law of Ukraine "On Regulation of Urban Development" was proved as they do not ensure the integrity of the planning process within the territories of these communities through their institutional incapacity (proved by the example of the Palan Unified Territorial Community of the Uman district of the Cherkasy region). The priority of land management and urban planning documents as the most influential tools in planning the development of land use systems in UTC is scientifically grounded and their interdependence established.

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Xu, Daming. "Speech community theory and the language / dialect debate." Restructuring Chinese Speech Communities 26, no. 1 (2016): 8–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/japc.26.1.01xu.

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Much research has been done addressing the issue of language and dialect and has attracted much interest in the Sinophone world. In this paper, the issue is approached from the perspective of Speech Community Theory (SCT) with discussion of the identification of Chinese varieties. There are mainly two approaches in previous research: linguistic and sociolinguistic. In the linguistic approach, the classification of languages and dialects is through comparison of linguistic descriptions and intelligibility. In the sociolinguistic approach, actual language use and attitudes of the speakers are investigated and ethnic and political factors are considered. The two approaches tend to result in different classifications. The purely linguistic classification tends to be narrower than the classification invoking attitudinal, cultural and political factors, resulting in a larger number of languages than the sociolinguistic approach. The different approaches are traced to divergent understandings of what a language is. A language is often understood purely as a tool of communication or, alternatively, it is regarded primarily as an identity device. Applying SCT, we analyze the connection between communication and identity formation, taking the example of Cantonese speakers. That case shows a correlation of linguistic contact with linguistic identity among native speakers. Consequently, the relevance of cultural and socio-political factors is explained through their impact on communication rather than directly on a linguistic identity.

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London, Jonathan K., Krista A. Haapanen, Ann Backus, Savannah M. Mack, Marti Lindsey, and Karen Andrade. "Aligning Community-Engaged Research to Context." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 4 (2020): 1187. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17041187.

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Community-engaged research is understood as existing on a continuum from less to more community engagement, defined by participation and decision-making authority. It has been widely assumed that more is better than less engagement. However, we argue that what makes for good community engagement is not simply the extent but the fit or alignment between the intended approach and the various contexts shaping the research projects. This article draws on case studies from three Community Engagement Cores (CECs) of NIEHS-funded Environmental Health Science Core Centers (Harvard University, UC Davis and University of Arizona,) to illustrate the ways in which community engagement approaches have been fit to different contexts and the successes and challenges experienced in each case. We analyze the processes through which the CECs work with researchers and community leaders to develop place-based community engagement approaches and find that different strategies are called for to fit distinct contexts. We find that alignment of the scale and scope of the environmental health issue and related research project, the capacities and resources of the researchers and community leaders, and the influences of the sociopolitical environment are critical for understanding and designing effective and equitable engagement approaches. These cases demonstrate that the types and degrees of alignment in community-engaged research projects are dynamic and evolve over time. Based on this analysis, we recommend that CBPR scholars and practitioners select a range of project planning and management techniques for designing and implementing their collaborative research approaches and both expect and allow for the dynamic and changing nature of alignment.

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Pitcher, Jane. "Evaluating Community Safety Programmes and Community Engagement: The Role of Qualitative Methods and Collaborative Approaches to Policy Research." Urban Policy and Research 24, no. 1 (2006): 67–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08111140600590932.

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Savan, Beth, and David Sider. "Contrasting Approaches to Community-based Research and a Case Study of Community Sustainability in Toronto, Canada." Local Environment 8, no. 3 (2003): 303–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13549830306657.

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Rudenko, Leonid, Eugenia Maruniak, Oleksandr Golubtsov, Serhiy Lisovskyi, Viktor Chekhniy, and Yuriy Farion. "Reshaping Rural Communities and Spatial Planning in Ukraine." European Countryside 9, no. 3 (2017): 594–616. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/euco-2017-0035.

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Abstract Ukraine faces a number of challenges including rapid deterioration of the environment. Shift to the sustainable development requires a radical change in governance and legislation. It is obvious the lack of strategic documents, which would define the approaches to integration of certain objectives into sectoral policies. It is strongly related to the system of spatial planning, which should be improved according to European standards, including those concerning environmental protection. This publication reveals approaches to “greening” of the planning process on the basis of German methodology of landscape planning. This methodology was adapted in Ukraine in the framework of joint projects. Particular attention has been given to rural development under decentralisation process. Efficient ways towards the improvement of spatial planning and development have been considered on the case of Ukrainian local community.

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