Journal articles: 'Companionate'

1

Narayanan, Mahalingam. "Companionate marriage in India." Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute 16, no. 4 (November 3, 2010): 892. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9655.2010.01659_1.x.

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Kim, Jungsik, and Elaine Hatfield. "LOVE TYPES AND SUBJECTIVE WELL-BEING: A CROSS-CULTURAL STUDY." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 32, no. 2 (January 1, 2004): 173–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2004.32.2.173.

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This cross-cultural research explored the relationship between Hatfield & Rapson's (1993) love types and subjective well-being. College students from an individualistic culture (USA) and a collectivist culture (Korea) completed the Passionate Love Scale (PLS; Hatfield & Rapson), the Companionate Love Scale (CLS; Sternberg, 1986), the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS; Pivot & Diener, 1993), and the Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS; Watson, Clarke, & Tellegen, 1988). It was found that two love types are related to subjective well-being in a different way: life satisfaction was more strongly predicted by companionate love than by passionate love, whereas positive and negative emotions were more accounted for by passionate love than by companionate love. No culture and gender difference was found in this overall relationship, but gender difference was found in the extent of the association between companionate love and satisfaction with life, and between passionate love and emotional experiences, respectively.

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Zoogah, Baniyelme D. "Companionate leadership: A shemswian perspective." Africa Journal of Management 6, no. 3 (July 2, 2020): 214–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23322373.2020.1779944.

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Singelton, Robyn, Jacqueline Carter, Tatianna Alencar, Alicia Piñeirúa-Menéndez, and Kate Winskell. "Social Representations of Masculinity in Mexican Youth’s Creative Narratives." Boyhood Studies 11, no. 1 (March 1, 2018): 63–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/bhs.2018.110105.

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A study of 50 narratives (16 male-authored, 34 female-authored, ages 13–16) contributed to a scriptwriting competition by Mexican youth from Oaxaca State was undertaken to understand youth social representations of hegemonic masculinity. Representations of masculinity manifested within three domains: substance use, companionate or abusive relationships, and economic roles. Positively portrayed male characters maintained companionate relationships and economically provided for loved ones. Rejection of abusive rural male characters who misuse financial resources occurred via condemnatory language and tragic outcomes. The young authors highlight financial control as a key element of Mexican masculinity, but this control goes unchallenged if dependents benefit. The rejection of a macho hegemonic masculinity in favor of a companionate relationship model mirrors historic trends in Mexico regarding migration, gender, class, and modernity.

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Dahm, Patricia C., and Bruce E. Greenbaum. "Leadership through love and fear: an effective combination." Journal of Managerial Psychology 34, no. 5 (July 1, 2019): 326–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jmp-08-2018-0346.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine how employees’ sentiments of fear and companionate love toward their leaders relate to leader effectiveness and follower loyalty. Design/methodology/approach The analysis uses multi-level survey data (n=728) from a professional services firm. Proposed relationships are examined using multi-level modeling, polynomial regression and response surface analysis. Findings Companionate love moderates the relationship between fear of a leader and leader effectiveness and follower loyalty. At high levels of companionate love, leader effectiveness and loyalty increase with fear, but at low levels of companionate love, fear negatively relates to leader effectiveness and loyalty. There are diminishing returns at relatively high levels of love and fear or when love becomes relatively much greater than fear. Research limitations/implications Findings suggest that employees may incorporate sentiments of love and fear into their implicit leadership theories (ILTs), though the authors do not measure ILTs. Practical implications Leaders may consider incorporating behaviors that elicit sentiments of both love and fear for greatest follower loyalty and effectiveness. Originality/value This study is the first to examine the combination of sentiments of love and fear. In contrast to the extant literature, which posits that fear has primarily negative effects, the results suggest that fear may have a more nuanced relationship with perceptions of the leader.

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6

Spink, Mary Jane P. "Book review: Is companionate marriage a trap?" Journal of Health Psychology 16, no. 6 (August 30, 2011): 991–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1359105311404796.

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Bucx, Freek, and Inge Seiffge-Krenke. "Romantic relationships in intra-ethnic and inter-ethnic adolescent couples in Germany: The role of attachment to parents, self-esteem, and conflict resolution skills." International Journal of Behavioral Development 34, no. 2 (March 2010): 128–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0165025409360294.

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We investigated romantic relationships in a sample of 380 adolescents who formed 190 heterosexual couples (mean age: females 17 years; males 18 years): 173 intra-ethnic (German) couples and 17 inter-ethnic couples. Factor analyses revealed two types of love experiences: (a) experiences of attraction and a passionate focus on the partner (passionate love) and (b) experiences of affiliation (companionate love). No differences were found between intra-ethnic and inter-ethnic couples in romantic experiences, self-esteem, and conflict resolution skills. Adolescents in intra-ethnic couples had more close relations with parents than adolescents in inter-ethnic couples. Actor—Partner Interdependence Models (APIMs) showed that companionate love was indirectly predicted by the quality of attachment towards parents; this relationship was mediated by self-esteem and conflict resolution skills. Whereas the quality of girlfriends’ attachment to the father (not to the mother) predicted conflict resolution skills in romantic relationships, boyfriends’ conflict resolution skills were predicted by the quality of attachment to the mother (not to the father). Furthermore, cross-partner effects were observed: girlfriends’ experiences of companionate love were not only predicted by attachment to their own mother, but also by the relation between their boyfriend and his mother.

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A.X. and Rebecca Earle. "Letters and Love in Colonial Spanish America." Americas 62, no. 01 (July 2005): 17–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003161500063331.

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Is love a modern invention? This question is perhaps not quite as ludicrous as it might appear. For nearly three decades scholars have been exploring whether contemporary ideas about love are in fact as ancient as we might believe. As a result of these investigations, some historians have concluded that our current attitudes towards love date from no earlier than the seventeenth century. This opinion was expressed most forcefully by Lawrence Stone in his 1977 The Family, Sex and Marriage in England, 1500-1800. In this path-breaking study Stone argued that recognizably modern ideas about marriage did not emerge in England until the seventeenth century. Only then did what he called “companionate marriage” develop. “Companionate marriage,” as described by Stone, was characterized by certain distinguishing features.

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A.X. and Rebecca Earle. "Letters and Love in Colonial Spanish America." Americas 62, no. 1 (July 2005): 17–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/tam.2005.0120.

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Is love a modern invention? This question is perhaps not quite as ludicrous as it might appear. For nearly three decades scholars have been exploring whether contemporary ideas about love are in fact as ancient as we might believe. As a result of these investigations, some historians have concluded that our current attitudes towards love date from no earlier than the seventeenth century. This opinion was expressed most forcefully by Lawrence Stone in his 1977The Family, Sex and Marriage in England, 1500-1800.In this path-breaking study Stone argued that recognizably modern ideas about marriage did not emerge in England until the seventeenth century. Only then did what he called “companionate marriage” develop. “Companionate marriage,” as described by Stone, was characterized by certain distinguishing features.

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10

Karandashev, Victor, and Stuart Clapp. "Psychometric properties and structures of passionate and companionate love." Interpersona: An International Journal on Personal Relationships 10, no. 1 (June 30, 2016): 56–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5964/ijpr.v10i1.210.

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After many decades of romantic relationship research, there is a new focus on a multidimensional model of love. This empirical study examines the multidimensionality and psychometrics of Passionate and Companionate love, based on an extensive study of 413 participants using Multidimensional Love Scale (MLS). A new statistical approach employed in this study explores the typology and structure of love. The statistical approach included the combination of Two-Step Cluster Analysis of cases and Principle Component Analysis of dimensions while using centered variable scores. The results reveal a typology of love based on its multidimensional structure. Further analysis revealed two main types of love: Passionate and Companionate, both containing several factors allowing for interpretation of their multidimensional structures. The MLS subscales and detailed psychometric analysis measuring specific love dimensions are incorporated to allow further research in other studies.

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11

Regan, Pamela C., Saloni Lakhanpal, and Carlos Anguiano. "Relationship Outcomes in Indian-American Love-Based and Arranged Marriages." Psychological Reports 110, no. 3 (June 2012): 915–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/21.02.07.pr0.110.3.915-924.

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The meaning and purpose of marriage, and the manner in which spouses are selected, varies across cultures. Although many cultures have a tradition of arranged marriage, researchers interested in marital dynamics generally have focused on love-based marriages. Consequently, there is little information on relational outcomes within arranged marriages. This study compared relationship outcomes in love-based and arranged marriages contracted in the U.S. A community sample of 58 Indian participants living in the U.S. (28 arranged marriages, 30 love-based marriages) completed measures of marital satisfaction, commitment, companionate love, and passionate love. Men reported greater amounts of commitment, passionate love, and companionate love than women. Unexpectedly, no differences were found between participants in arranged and love-based marriages; high ratings of love, satisfaction, and commitment were observed in both marriage types. The overall affective experiences of partners in arranged and love marriages appear to be similar, at least among Indian adults living in contemporary U.S. society.

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12

Sprecher, Susan, and Pamela C. Regan. "Passionate and Companionate Love in Courting and Young Married Couples." Sociological Inquiry 68, no. 2 (April 1998): 163–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-682x.1998.tb00459.x.

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13

LaGrand, Virginia, and Craig E. Mattson. "Peter Wimsey and Precious Ramotswe: Castaway Detectives and Companionate Marriage." Christianity & Literature 56, no. 4 (September 2007): 633–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014833310705600407.

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14

Nzegwu, Nkiru. "Questions of Identity and Inheritance: A Critical Review of Kwame Anthony Appiah's In My Father's House." Hypatia 11, no. 1 (1996): 175–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1527-2001.1996.tb00513.x.

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Judeo-Christian and Anglo-Saxon forms of marriage have injected patrilineal values and companionate expectations into the Akan matrilineal family structure. As Anthony Appiah demonstrates, these infusions have generated severe strains in the matrikin social structures and, in extreme cases, resulted in the break up of families. In this essay, I investigate the ideological politics at play in this patrilinealization of Asante society.

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Nave, Carmen. "Marriage in Kumasi, Ghana: Locally Emergent Practices in the Colonial/Modern Gender System." Hypatia 32, no. 3 (2017): 557–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/hypa.12338.

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In this article, I use ethnographic and historical evidence to consider marriage as a particular locus of what Maria Lugones has called “the colonial/modern gender system.” By bringing specific research on marriage among the matrilineal Asante of Kumasi, Ghana, together with a consideration of global ideals of marriage and gender, I argue that marriage and the family are key sites through which the subjugation of women in Africa can be understood, but that this requires local and historical contextualization. To do this, I trace the emergence and current local expression of “companionate marriage,” an ideal of marriage that is associated with romantic love and personal choice, and that is often seen as a gender‐progressive marriage ideal. In Kumasi, “companionate” ideals began to emerge during the colonial period, not as an empowering force, but in complicated interactions with other gendered changes that limited wives' claims to husbands' reciprocal support and isolated women from their matrilineal kin. Today, customary marriage is often considered harmful to women and distinct from other forms of marriage; however, I show that such assumptions impose categorial differences where none may exist, and occlude the complexities of women's lives and struggles.

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16

Davis, R. L. ""Not Marriage at All, but Simple Harlotry": The Companionate Marriage Controversy." Journal of American History 94, no. 4 (March 1, 2008): 1137–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/25095323.

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17

Bruce Whitehouse. "The Trouble with Monogamy: Companionate Marriage and Gendered Suspicions in Bamako, Mali." Mande Studies 19 (2017): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.2979/mande.19.1.09.

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18

Allured, Janet. "Ozark Women and the Companionate Family in the Arkansas Hills, 1870-1910." Arkansas Historical Quarterly 47, no. 3 (1988): 230. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/40021339.

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Yang, Jen-Shou, and Ha Viet Hung. "Emotions as Constraining and Facilitating Factors for Creativity: Companionate Love and Anger." Creativity and Innovation Management 24, no. 2 (October 23, 2014): 217–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/caim.12089.

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20

Huneycutt, Keith. "The Storm: True Womanhood, Feminism, and Companionate Marriage in Antebellum Key West." CEA Critic 79, no. 3 (2017): 291–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cea.2017.0026.

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21

Alquraidhy, Khalil. "Evolutionary Love and Companionate Marriage in Jane Austen's Novel Pride and Prejudice." International Journal of Language and Literary Studies 3, no. 1 (March 30, 2021): 105–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.36892/ijlls.v3i1.478.

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In the novel Pride and Prejudice, Jane Austen has selected the basic unit of human relationship, the family. In the family we have several forms of relationships. The most fundamental relationship is there in terms of love and marriage which form the basic theme of the novel Pride and Prejudice. In the research paper, love has been analyzed as an evolutionary process. It is the logic of love that unfolds the characteristics of its main characters. Their love has been brought out from the usual shadow of emotionalism and sentimentality. It has been put under the direct control of their ratiocination. And that is the peculiarity of Austen's treatment of love. The characters have passed through various stages of love so that, ultimately, they reach the final stage of passionate love, shorn of their pride and prejudice. From there they move to marriage which I have called the companionate marriage. When they enter matrimony, they enter it as pure companions moving together, hand in hand, in their life. It is not the marriage as established and defined by the early nineteenth century society. Austen's lovers do not abjure the society, yet they do not accept this society's concept of marriage completely. As they have shaped their love, so they will shape their marriage.

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Davidson, Denise Z. "“Happy” Marriages in Early Nineteenth-Century France." Journal of Family History 37, no. 1 (January 2012): 23–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0363199011428123.

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This article uses familial correspondence to examine how bourgeois families conceived of marriage in the early nineteenth-century France. It argues that the companionate model of marriage, which was gaining influence during these years, did not replace the earlier model of the arranged marriage but rather was integrated into it. Marriages continued to be arranged by families but bourgeois couples also sought love and companionship in marriage. Their sense of “happiness” was a very bourgeois kind of happiness, however, based on economic security and domestic peace within the constraints of familial obligations.

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23

Matthews, Glenna, and Anya Jabour. "Marriage in the Early Republic: Elizabeth and William Wirt and the Companionate Ideal." American Historical Review 105, no. 2 (April 2000): 541. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1571501.

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Boylan, Anne M., and Anya Jabour. "Marriage in the Early Republic: Elizabeth and William Wirt and the Companionate Ideal." Journal of Southern History 66, no. 2 (May 2000): 396. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2587676.

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Kane, Maeve. "New World Courtships: Transatlantic Alternatives to Companionate Marriage by Melissa M. Adams-Campbell." Early American Literature 51, no. 3 (2016): 731–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/eal.2016.0064.

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Kierner, Cynthia A., and Anya Jabour. "Marriage in the Early Republic: Elizabeth and William Wirt and the Companionate Ideal." Journal of the Early Republic 19, no. 2 (1999): 319. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3124965.

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Collins-Frohlich, Jesslyn. "New World Courtships: Transatlantic Alternatives to Companionate Marriage, by Melissa M. Adams-Campbell." Women's Studies 45, no. 7 (October 2, 2016): 701–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00497878.2016.1225415.

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FALLAW, BEN. "The Seduction of Revolution: Anticlerical Campaigns against Confession in Mexico, 1914–1935." Journal of Latin American Studies 45, no. 1 (February 2013): 91–120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022216x12001216.

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AbstractDuring the Mexican Revolution, male revolutionaries in Mexico repeatedly tried to suppress confession by invoking the trope of the sexually predatory priest menacing weak, superstitious women. Campaigns against the rite resulted from long-standing gender divisions over the Church, fears of Catholic counter-revolution, and male revolutionaries' drive to modernise marriage as companionate and secular but still patriarchal. Although ultimately unsuccessful as policy, attacks on the confession strengthened radical anticlericalism. By equating masculinity with reason, nation and progress while painting femininity as vulnerable, fanatical and potentially treasonous, the campaigns subtly shaped gender roles and helped to consolidate post-revolutionary patriarchy.

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Hannaford, Dinah, and Ellen E. Foley. "Negotiating Love and Marriage in Contemporary Senegal: A Good Man Is Hard to Find." African Studies Review 58, no. 2 (September 2015): 205–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/asr.2015.44.

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Abstract:In Senegal, love, respect, and compatibility have historically figured into marital calculations, yet prospective husbands must also provide material support. After decades of stagnant economic growth, good providers are hard to find. In this article we examine two strategies that women employ in an attempt to achieve economic security: nonmarital sex and transnational marriage. Though recent anthropological literature proposes a global transition toward companionate marriage, evidence from Dakar suggests that Senegalese women are prioritizing short-term material gain over longer-term projects of social reproduction. Transnational marriage and nonmarital sexual relationships illuminate women’s new strategies to stabilize their social positions in increasingly precarious times.

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Fuller, C. J., and Haripriya Narasimhan. "Companionate marriage in India: the changing marriage system in a middle-class Brahman subcaste." Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute 14, no. 4 (December 2008): 736–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9655.2008.00528.x.

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Gilbertson, Amanda. "From Respect to Friendship? Companionate Marriage and Conjugal Power Negotiation in Middle-Class Hyderabad." South Asia: Journal of South Asian Studies 37, no. 2 (April 3, 2014): 225–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00856401.2014.899552.

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32

Moore, Elena. "From traditional to companionate marriages: women's changing experience of marriage and divorce in Ireland." Families, Relationships and Societies 1, no. 3 (November 1, 2012): 345–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/204674312x656275.

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Hatfield, Elaine, Jane Traupmann Pillemer, Mary Utne O’Brien, and Yen-Chi L. Le. "The Endurance of Love: Passionate and Companionate Love in Newlywed and Long-Term Marriages." Interpersona: An International Journal on Personal Relationships 2, no. 1 (June 30, 2008): 35–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5964/ijpr.v2i1.17.

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Kringelbach, Hélène Neveu. "“Marrying Out” for Love: Women’s Narratives of Polygyny and Alternative Marriage Choices in Contemporary Senegal." African Studies Review 59, no. 1 (April 2016): 155–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/asr.2016.7.

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Abstract:This article examines the ways in which childhood and youth experiences of living in polygynous households shape the aspirations of middle-class Muslim Senegalese women to companionate marriage. Increasingly, such aspirations are fulfilled through marriage with European men. In contrast to an enduring popular discourse according to which women live happily with polygyny throughout the Senegambian region, this article shows how some middle-class women’s choice to “marry out” is explicitly linked to family narratives and personal experiences of suffering. In a context in which many of these women face strong familial opposition to marriage with non-Muslim European men, this article suggests that the women’s narratives provide moral legitimacy to their “alternative” choices.

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Johnston-Miller, M. M. "Book Review: Marriage in the Early Republic: Elizabeth and William Wirt and the Companionate Ideal." Journal of Family History 27, no. 1 (January 2002): 83–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/036319900202700106.

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Karen A. Weyler. "Marriage, Coverture, and the Companionate Ideal in The Coquette and Dorval." Legacy 26, no. 1 (2009): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/leg.0.0061.

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Locher-Scholten, Elsbeth. "Morals, Harmony, and National Identity: "Companionate Feminism" in Colonial Indonesia in the 1930s." Journal of Women's History 14, no. 4 (2003): 38–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jowh.2003.0010.

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Giza, Natalia. "Getting Married in Renaissance England as Presented in the Conduct Literature for Women." Studia Historyczne 60, no. 2 (238) (December 29, 2018): 73–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.12797/sh.60.2017.02.06.

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There were two “career paths” open to Renaissance women in England — entering a monastery or getting married. With the introduction of reformation the first option vanished. Getting married opened varying possibilities. On one hand the contemporary promotion of marriage reinforced the patriarchal system of the society (a man is its head and the woman and children are his subjects). On the other, the idea of a “companionate marriage” allowing husbands and wives a certain degree of equality was formulated for the first time also by sixteenth–century thinkers. The traces of the Renaissance debate on which form of life is more pious and pleasing to God – celibate or married – can also be found in the conduct literature for women, on top of other advice referring to marriage.

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Nakano, Lynne. "Single Women and the Transition to Marriage in Hong Kong, Shanghai and Tokyo." Asian Journal of Social Science 44, no. 3 (2016): 363–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685314-04403005.

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This paper considers the transition to adulthood in East Asia by exploring the experiences of single women between the ages of 25 and 45 years in the cities of Hong Kong, Shanghai and Tokyo. The paper argues that single women encounter difficulties negotiating marriage in the three cities due to problems in marriage markets, expectations of fertility upon marriage, and conflicts between educational and employment opportunities and marital roles. It also finds that in the three cities, women articulated two models of marriage, namely, a gender duty model based on expectations of gendered role fulfilment and a companionate model. The paper suggests that the specific configuration of marriage models differs in the three cities due to differences in the historical and social backgrounds of the cities and the larger national and regional contexts.

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Rubin, Gerry. "Pre-dating Vicky Pryce: the Peel case (1922) and the origins of the marital coercion statutory defence." Legal Studies 34, no. 4 (December 2014): 631–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/lest.12033.

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Until 1925, there was a common law presumption that a wife committing an offence in her husband's presence did so as a result of marital coercion. However, when an upper-class wife facing prosecution with her husband for a betting fraud in 1922 successfully relied upon the defence, there was a public outcry against a doctrine that was perceived as reinforcing the ancient concept of a wife as her husband's chattel. It is argued that the abolition of the presumption, but not the doctrine itself, in the (still in force) Criminal Justice Act 1925, s 47, while reflecting changes towards a more companionate style of marriage, was primarily driven by the objectives of predominantly middle-class women's organisations. Whether the change benefited working-class wives at the time is, however, more problematic.

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Al-Sharmani, Mulki M., and Abdirashid A. Ismail. "Marriage and transnational family life among Somali migrants in Finland." Migration Letters 14, no. 1 (August 22, 2016): 38–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.33182/ml.v14i1.314.

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In this article, we investigate how marriage practices of Somali migrants in Finland are influenced by their transnational kinship. We examine how transnational family ties play a role in migrants’ spouse selection, marriage arrangements, and management of spousal resources. We also identify the factors that enable migrants to successfully navigate marital challenges caused by their transnational kin-based ties. These factors are: companionate marriage relationship based on emotional closeness and flexible spousal roles, compatibility in spousal resources, and the cooperation of couples in navigating transnational family obligations. We show how gender and generation are at play (in complex ways) in the interplay between transnational kinship and marriage. We draw on interview data from 16 married male and female interviewees, taken from a larger sample of 37 informants of different marital statuses. Our analysis is also based on data from focus group discussions

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Lloyd, Jennifer M. "Conflicting Expectations in Nineteenth-Century British Matrimony: The Failed Companionate Marriage of Effie Gray and John Ruskin." Journal of Women's History 11, no. 2 (1999): 86–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jowh.1999.0008.

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Alwani, Zainab. "Transformational Teaching: Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) as a Teacher and Murabbī." Journal of Islamic Faith and Practice 2, no. 1 (July 1, 2019): 91–119. http://dx.doi.org/10.18060/23276.

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This article analyzes the transformative role of Prophet Muhammad as a murabbī. I apply the hermeneutic of reading the divine text as a structural unity, a concept known as al-waḥda al-binā’iyya li-l-Qur’ān. After defining the concept of murabbī, I suggest that a holistic reading of the Qur’an can help us rebuild our concepts from within the Qur’an, a methodological approach that we can use to reshape the current religious discourse. I present the Prophet’s (pbuh) mission as a roadmap, a model that envisions a holistic relationship between the Qur’an and the Sunna as its final goal. I then devote special attention to this model by focusing on his teaching strategies and how they impacted the first generation of Muslims. I argue that a strong methodology based on the Qur’an and Sunna can help revive the role of a companionate Muslim community. I close by stressing the significance of developing this traditional role and applying it in all aspects of contemporary life.

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Tague, Ingrid, and Helen Berry. "Summary of Closing Plenary Discussion on ‘Honour and Reputation in Early Modern England’." Transactions of the Royal Historical Society 6 (December 1996): 247–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3679240.

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Richard Cust connected honour to his work on political culture and the gentry. He introduced the work of Mervyn James on honour as a framework for thinking about behavioural change over time. He suggested that the new historical approach is a multi-layered rather than a teleological one. Certain speakers had emphasised change rather than continuity over time, while others challenged such an approach. Important new themes had been introduced by the conference speakers, such as the importance of lineage, the impact of the companionate marriage, the relationship between public and private notions of honour and the acceptability of violence as a means of defending or challenging honour. He suggested two related ways of thinking about honour that had not been touched on by any of the speakers: the notion of ‘honesty’ to refer to a godly magistrate following his conscience, and the importance of godliness generally, a pious reputation as key means of establishing one's honour.

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Campbell, Kelly, Cheyenne Hosseini, Kelly Myers, and Nina Calub. "Does Love Influence Athletic Performance? The Perspectives of Olympic Athletes." Review of European Studies 8, no. 2 (March 9, 2016): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/res.v8n2p1.

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In this brief report, we provide an initial account of the association between love and athletic performance from the perspective of Olympic athletes. We posit that Romantic Passionate Love (RPL) and athletic performance may both involve the reward-motivation system of the brain. Based on this premise, we explored whether activation in one domain (love) might influence the other (sport). Our investigation was framed using Sternberg’s triangular theory of love. Twenty Olympic athletes representing different sports were interviewed at the Games. Most athletes (n = 15) reported that their performance was better while in love; however, qualitative responses suggested that the benefits were correlated with rather than resulting from RPL. Although the athletes were provided with a definition of RPL and affirmed that their relationship met the criteria, interview responses reflected companionate rather than passionate love, suggesting that RPL may be differentially conceptualized across cultures. The study provides preliminary data that may be used to inform and refine future work on this topic.

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Harnes, Helga. "Pioneer Workers, Invaluable Helpmeets, Good Mothers." Social Sciences and Missions 27, no. 2-3 (2014): 163–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18748945-02702001.

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This article explores the role of 20th century missionary wives by the examples of six women in the Church Missionary Society (CMS). It offers complexity to a gendered analysis, as well as insight into a time period, c. 1900–c. 1960, which is only beginning to attract attention from researchers of this field. Through the lens of life course theories, the sources reveal official ideals and personal interpretations related to the transitions of marriage and motherhood, and point to motherhood as a turning point. The discussion demonstrates changing role expectations, from an emphasis on wives’ contribution through the companionate missionary marriage towards individual job descriptions and domesticity for wives. However, the women responded differently to the expectations, and the analysis emphasises how the agency of the women was enabled or limited by the timing of transitions. The article positions the individual woman in her immediate context, and in the CMS and wider English society, and search to reveal the interplay of the agents and these structures.

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HOLLOS, MARIDA, and ULLA LARSEN. "MARRIAGE AND CONTRACEPTION AMONG THE PARE OF NORTHERN TANZANIA." Journal of Biosocial Science 36, no. 3 (April 21, 2004): 255–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021932003006278.

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The purpose of the research reported here is to examine the connection between contraception and those aspects of a woman’s position that are related to her marriage. The research was conducted in two villages among the Pare of northern Tanzania where a shift from hoe cultivation as primary occupation to wage labour has brought about major changes in social relations. The major hypothesis is that a change from a ‘traditional’ marital union to a ‘companionate’ marriage is instrumental in the acceptance of contraception and in lowering fertility. The latter type of relationship between marital partners is related to the status of women. The research methodology consisted of a combination of an ethnographic study, demographic surveys and in-depth interviews. Findings show that approximately half of the women in this community ever used contraception. Of current users, a third are sterilized and half are using a modern reversible method. The determining factor for using modern reversible methods is the nature of the conjugal union.

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Díaz Bild, Aída. "Adeline Mowbray, or, the bitter acceptance of woman's fate." Revista Alicantina de Estudios Ingleses, no. 23 (December 15, 2010): 187. http://dx.doi.org/10.14198/raei.2010.23.11.

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Eighteenth-century women writers believed that the novel was the best vehicle to educate women and offer them a true picture of their lives and “wrongs”. Adelina Mowbray is the result of Opie’s desire to fulfil this important task. Opie does not try to offer her female readers alternatives to their present predicament or an idealized future, but makes them aware of the fact that the only ones who get victimized in a patriarchal system are always the powerless, that is to say, women. She gives us a dark image of the vulnerability of married women and points out not only how uncommon the ideal of companionate marriage was in real life, but also the difficulty of finding the appropriate partner for an egalitarian relationship. Lastly, she shows that there is now social forgiveness for those who transgress the established boundaries, which becomes obvious in the attitude of two of the most compassionate and generous characters of the novel, Rachel Pemberton and Emma Douglas, towards Adelina.

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Kallander, Amy. "Transnational Intimacies and the Construction of the New Nation." French Politics, Culture & Society 39, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 108–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/fpcs.2021.390106.

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Abstract This article examines love as a facet of nation building in constructions of modern womanhood and national identity in the 1950s and 1960s. In Tunisia and France, romantic love was evoked to define an urban, middle-class modernity in which the gender norms implicit in companionate marriage signaled a break with the past. These ideals were represented in fiction and women's magazines and elaborated in the novel genre of the advice column. Yet this celebration was interrupted by concern about “mixed marriage” and the rise of anti-immigrant discrimination targeting North Africans in France. Referring to race or religion, debates about interracial marriage in Tunisia and the sexual stereotyping of North African men in France reveal the continuity of colonialism's racial legacies upon postcolonial states. The idealization of marital choice as a testament to individual and national modernity was destabilized by transnational intimacies revealing the limits of the nation-state's liberatory promise to women.

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Kallander, Amy. "Transnational Intimacies and the Construction of the New Nation." French Politics, Culture & Society 39, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 108–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/fpcs.2020.390106.

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This article examines love as a facet of nation building in constructions of modern womanhood and national identity in the 1950s and 1960s. In Tunisia and France, romantic love was evoked to define an urban, middle-class modernity in which the gender norms implicit in companionate marriage signaled a break with the past. These ideals were represented in fiction and women’s magazines and elaborated in the novel genre of the advice column. Yet this celebration was interrupted by concern about “mixed marriage” and the rise of anti-immigrant discrimination targeting North Africans in France. Referring to race or religion, debates about interracial marriage in Tunisia and the sexual stereotyping of North African men in France reveal the continuity of colonialism’s racial legacies upon postcolonial states. The idealization of marital choice as a testament to individual and national modernity was destabilized by transnational intimacies revealing the limits of the nation-state’s liberatory promise to women.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Companionate'

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