Academic literature on the topic 'Comparative and Historical Linguistics'

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Journal articles on the topic "Comparative and Historical Linguistics"

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van Kerckvoorde, Colette, and Raimo Anttila. "Historical and Comparative Linguistics." Language 66, no. 3 (September 1990): 620. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/414628.

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Buniiatova, Izabella. "COMPARATIVE LINGUISTICS: AIMS, TARGETS, DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS." Studia Philologica, no. 2 (2019): 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.28925/2311-2425.2019.13.2.

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This is a survey of comparative linguistics viewed as a set of the related paradigms that embrace comparative historical linguistics, aerial linguistics, linguistic typology and contrastive linguistics. The treatment of the science in question is largely based on the author’s long-standing experience deduced from research projects and from teaching it as a University professor. Placing the aforementioned paradigms under the umbrella concept “comparative linguistics” seems relevant and appropriate due to their sharing the key tool of investigation, i.e., COMPARISON, also due to their providing each other with applicable procedures and principles, as in case of two seemingly closer pairs, comparative historical and aerial areal linguistics, on the one hand, linguistic typology and contrastive linguistics, on the other hand.
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Baldi, Philip. "Comparative-Historical Indo-European Linguistics." Diachronica 13, no. 2 (January 1, 1996): 347–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/dia.13.2.08bal.

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Jäger, Gerhard. "Computational historical linguistics." Theoretical Linguistics 45, no. 3-4 (December 18, 2019): 151–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/tl-2019-0011.

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Abstract Computational approaches to historical linguistics have been proposed for half a century. Within the last decade, this line of research has received a major boost, owing both to the transfer of ideas and software from computational biology and to the release of several large electronic data resources suitable for systematic comparative work. In this article, some of the central research topics of this new wave of computational historical linguistics are introduced and discussed. These are automatic assessment of genetic relatedness, automatic cognate detection, phylogenetic inference and ancestral state reconstruction. They will be demonstrated by means of a case study of automatically reconstructing a Proto-Romance word list from lexical data of 50 modern Romance languages and dialects. The results illustrate both the strengths and the weaknesses of the current state of the art of automating the comparative method.
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Lehmann, Winfred P. "Raimo Anttila. Historical and Comparative Linguistics." Studies in Language 14, no. 1 (January 1, 1990): 249–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sl.14.1.13leh.

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Koch, Harold, Robert Mailhammer, Robert A. Blust, Claire Bowern, Don Daniels, Alexandre François, Simon J. Greenhill, et al. "Research priorities in historical-comparative linguistics." Diachronica 31, no. 2 (August 5, 2014): 267–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/dia.31.2.04koc.

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Steiner, Lydia, Michael Cysouw, and Peter Stadler. "A Pipeline for Computational Historical Linguistics." Language Dynamics and Change 1, no. 1 (2011): 89–127. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/221058211x570358.

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AbstractThere are many parallels between historical linguistics and molecular phylogenetics. In this paper we describe an algorithmic pipeline that mimics, as closely as possible, the traditional workflow of language reconstruction known as the comparative method. The pipeline consists of suitably modified algorithms based on recent research in bioinformatics, which are adapted to the specifics of linguistic data. This approach can alleviate much of the laborious research needed to establish proof of historical relationships between languages. Equally important to our proposal is that each step in the workflow of the comparative method is implemented independently, so language specialists have the possibility to scrutinize intermediate results. We have used our pipeline to investigate two groups of languages, the Tsezic languages of the Caucasus and the Mataco-Guaicuruan languages of South America, based on the lexical data from the Intercontinental Dictionary Series (IDS). The results of these tests show that the current approach is a viable and useful extension to historical linguistic research.
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Hohaus, Vera, and M. Ryan Bochnak. "The Grammar of Degree: Gradability Across Languages." Annual Review of Linguistics 6, no. 1 (January 14, 2020): 235–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-linguistics-011718-012009.

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In this review, we discuss the empirical landscape of degree constructions cross-linguistically as well as the major analytical avenues that have been pursued to account for individual languages and cross-linguistic variation. We first focus on comparatives and outline various compositional strategies for different types of comparative sentences as well as points of cross-linguistic variation in the lexicalization of comparative operators and gradable predicates. We then expand the discussion to superlatives, equatives, and other degree constructions. Finally, we turn to constructions beyond the prototypical degree constructions but where degree-based analyses have been pursued; we focus on change-of-state verbs and exclamatives. This is an area that is especially ripe for future cross-linguistic research. We conclude by mentioning connections to other subfields of linguistics, such as language acquisition, historical linguistics, and language processing.
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Tehan, Thomas M., Santi Saentong, Bela Brogyanyi, and Reiner Lipp. "Comparative-Historical Linguistics: Indo-European and Finno-Ugric." Language 73, no. 1 (March 1997): 186. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/416608.

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Loginov, Alexandr Vladimirovich, and Artem Aleksandrovich Trofimov. "Solon’s poetry in light of comparative-historical linguistics." Филология: научные исследования, no. 4 (April 2020): 13–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0749.2020.4.32783.

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The subject of this research is the heritage of Indo-European poetics in works of the Ancient Greek poet Solon. The object of this research is the elegies and fragments of his hexametric oeuvres. The authors examine such aspects of the topic as: 1) retention in Solon’s poetry of the structures similar to exposition of hymns in Ancient Greek and Ancient Indian traditions; 2) preservation of stylistic figures widely represented in the poetry of ancient Indo-European peoples; 3) preservation of poetic expressions and mythological ideas that may date back to Indo-European times. For achieving the set goals, the author employ the methods of text hermeneutics, semantic analysis, and comparative-historical linguistics. The following conclusions are made: in the corpus of Solon’s texts there are fragments very similar to expositions of hymns in the Ancient Greek and Vedic traditions; Solon’s poetry contains stylistic approaches that can be reconstructed to the level of Indo-European poetics; poetic expressions and mythological representations dated back to Indo-European times are retained in Solon’s texts.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Comparative and Historical Linguistics"

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Birth, Ann-Inga. "New words : a study of applied linguistic relativity and the types and historical development of word formation in literature." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2015. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=230032.

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This thesis is a literary linguistic study of lexical innovation in fiction. It uses corpus linguistic methods and concepts of morphological theory to develop a new word typology and to examine new words as to their role in directing a reader's imagination and with regard to their frequency and distribution in classic English literature between 1750 and 1923. A 56 million word corpus consisting of a homogenous variety of texts converted from online literature databases serves as the basis for a chronologically structured new word extraction. This is carried out aided by the concordancer programme AntConc. The following three aspects are addressed in this research. The first attempts to explain why certain new words appear newer than other equally novel forms. It demonstrates that the factors influencing a word's novelty effect are wordlike-ness, morpheme content, and formal and semantic analogy. A new word typology is derived from these. A second main section focuses on stylistic aspects. If the words we use influence the way we think, as theorised in the principle of linguistic relativity, then forming new words and reading these should influence the way we think about what they describe. The second element identifies the strategies authors may use to affect their readers' associations through word formation. A third section is a frequency and distribution analysis of the new words extracted, taking historical developments, text mode and form, genre, and new word types into account. It adds quantitative data to the qualitative investigation preceding it, showing that verse and prose, text forms, and genres as well as time periods differ in the new words they produce and providing evidence for the characteristics of each.
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Omar, Shalina. "Being Japanese in English: The Social and Functional Role of English Loanwords in Japanese." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2015. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/620.

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This thesis investigates native speaker attitudes towards English loanwords in Japanese and the ways in which these loanwords are used. The imperialism and hegemony of English can often cause anger or worry for the preservation of the cultural identity of the borrowing language. However, the results from a 9-page sociolinguistic questionnaire suggest that English loanwords are overwhelmingly seen as useful and necessary and are generally associated with positive attitudes. Additionally, many native Japanese speakers feel that loanwords provide more options for expression, both functionally and as a possible pragmatic tool for performing Japaneseness. On the other hand, overuse of loanwords—especially less common ones—can also exemplify the power imbalance between Japanese and the powerful and hegemonic English. The study also revealed how powerful the Japanese linguistic systems are at assimilating English into the Japanese language. With established and institutionally supported phonological and orthographic conventions in place, foreign-derived vocabulary can easily become nativized, assimilated, and considered to be Japanese in the minds of speakers.
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Toulmin, Matthew William Stirling, and matt_toulmin@sall com. "Reconstructing linguistic history in a dialect continuum: The Kamta, Rajbanshi, and Northern Deshi Bangla subgroup of Indo-Aryan." The Australian National University. Faculty of Arts, 2006. http://thesis.anu.edu.au./public/adt-ANU20070411.000201.

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This study outlines a methodological framework for reconstructing linguistic history within a dialect continuum and applies this methodology to an under-described, controversial, and complex subgroup of New Indo-Aryan (NIA)—the Kamta, Rajbanshi and Northern Deshi Bangla lects (KRNB). ¶ Dialect continua are characterised by non-discrete boundaries between speech communities, and as a result previously divergent lects may undergo common innovations; the result is the familiar picture of overlapping dialectological isoglosses. The sequencing of these innovations and the historical relations between the lects involved are often highly ambiguous. Given the right sociohistorical conditions, a widespread innovation may be more recent than a localised innovation—the very opposite sequencing to that implied by the splits in a family tree. ¶ Not surprisingly, discrete application to the NIA continuum of traditional methodologies—including the Comparative Method, etymological reconstruction and dialect geography—has yielded unsatisfactory and at times chronologically distorted results. Historical studies, therefore, have chosen between: (a) only studying the histories of NIA lects with written records; (b) reconstructing using the chronology suggested by the shape of a family tree; or (c) settling for a ‘flat’, non-historical account of dialect geography. ¶ Under the approach developed here, the strengths of each of these traditional methods are synthesised within an overarching framework provided by a sociohistorical theory of language change. This synthesis enables the linguistic history of the KRNB lects to be reconstructed with some detail from the proto-Kamta stage (1250-1550 AD) up to the present day. Innovations are sequenced based on three types of criteria: linguistic, textual and sociohistorical. The old Kamta stage, and its relation to old Bangla and Asamiya, is reconstructed based on linguistic Propagation Events and Speech Community Events—two concepts central to the methodology. The old Kamta speech community and its language became divided into western, central and eastern subsections during the middle KRNB period (1550-1787 AD, dates assigned by attested sociohistorical events). During the same period, KRNB lects also underwent partial reintegration with NIA lects further afield by means of more widely propagated changes. This trend of differentiation at a local level, concurrent with reintegration at a wider level, also characterises the modern KRNB period from 1787 AD to the present. ¶ This account of KRNB linguistic history is based on a rigorous reconstruction of changes in phonology and morphology. The result is not only a reconstruction of historical changes, but of the proto-Kamta phoneme inventory, hundreds of words of vocabulary, and specific areas of nominal and verbal morphology. The reconstruction is based on data collected in the field for the purposes of this study. Phonological reconstruction has made use of the WordCorr software program, and the reconstructed vocabulary is presented in a comparative wordlist in an appendix. ¶ The methodology developed and applied in this study has been found highly successful; though naturally not without its own limitations. This study has significance for its contribution both to the methodology of historical linguistic reconstruction and to the light shed on the linguistic prehistory of KRNB.
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Khoshsirat, Zia. "THE ORIGIN OF THE GILAKI CAUSATIVE SUFFIX -be(ː)-." UKnowledge, 2018. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/ltt_etds/30.

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The Proto-Indo-European causative/iterative suffix *-ei̯e- was inherited by Old Iranian and persists in almost all Middle and Modern Iranian languages as -aya- and -ēn- (-Vn-) respectively. Comparably, in the Indic branch -aya- functions as a causative suffix in Sanskrit beside another suffix -āpaya which became the productive causative suffix -āvē- in Middle Indic and still used in Modern Indic today. Evidence shows eight Eastern Iranian languages- †Khotanese, †Khwarazmian, Parachi, Wakhi, Munji, Pashto, Ormuri, and Yidgha- using the morphological causative suffix in addition to the expected Iranian one -aya- or -Vn-. This alternative causative suffix is reconstructible as *-au̯ai̯a- and its attested reflexes have the forms -VwV-, -Vv-, and -wV-. Moreover, in two dialects of the Northwestern Iranian language Gilaki, Dakhili and Langaroudi, the causative suffix is not -Vn- but is rather -be(ː)- in the present tense. In this study I examine the synchronic function of the Gilaki causative suffix -be(ː)- as well as its diachronic origins. I show that Gilaki -be(ː)- primarily functions as a causative suffix and that it is a form which cannot be explained as an innovation within Gilaki itself through phonological or analogical change. As a matter of fact, I demonstrate that this suffix is better explained as deriving from PIr.*-au̯ai̯a- and is connected to the aforementioned Eastern Iranian suffixes. I also argue the reason for realization of /p/ and */u̯/ in -āpaya and *-au̯ai̯a- is phonological and probably goes back to some stages of PIIr.
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Manning, Emma S. "I Accidentally This Thesis Because East: The Influence of the Internet on Spoken Language in Eastspeak." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2015. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/622.

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This thesis examines the variety of English spoken in East Dorm at Harvey Mudd College. It describes aspects of the syntax and phonology of Eastspeak, focusing in particular on how Eastspeak has been influenced by the language of the internet. This includes tendencies toward brevity and language play, as well as the use of specific constructions used on the internet, and playful pronunciations that are influenced by creative misspellings used online. Specific Eastspeak phenomena discussed include conversion, deletion, and unusual determiner and quantifier use.
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Delicado, Cantero Manuel. "The Syntax Of Spanish Prepositional Finite Clauses In A Historical And Crosslinguistic Perspective." The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1229634198.

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Kazeminejad, Ghazaleh. "Pronominal Complex Predicates in Colloquial Persian." UKnowledge, 2014. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/ltt_etds/5.

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Pronominal complex predicates in colloquial Persian are periphrastic constructions with an idiosyncratic syntactic pattern. They show a peculiar behavior compared to the regular agreement system in Persian, and they are the only construction in Persian which requires the obligatory presence of a pronominal enclitic. This work is an attempt to analyze this construction in order to find its function. For this purpose, a lexical semantic classification of them was proposed, which helped in presenting a new analysis. It was found out that this construction is used to express a particular diathesis in which the topic of the sentence (determined according to Givón’s topicality hierarchy) is an indirect participant. I proposed a hybrid dual-layer agreement system which includes a morphosyntactic and a semantic layer. The pronominal enclitic was analyzed as a phrasal affix and agreement marker by reference to Givón’s (1976) and Anderson’s (2005) arguments. The construction was analyzed to be an instance of the external possessor construction proposed by Haig (2008), which is observed in Iranian languages. The classification of the data clarified the mapping of semantics onto syntax. The proposed analysis could be added to and unified with the current analysis of Persian complex predicates (Bonami and Samvelian, 2009).
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Konnerth, Linda. "A Grammar of Karbi." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/17928.

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Karbi is a Tibeto-Burman (TB) language spoken by half a million people in the Karbi Anglong district in Assam, Northeast India, and surrounding areas in the extended Brahmaputra Valley area. It is an agglutinating, verb-final language. This dissertation offers a description of the dialect spoken in the hills of the Karbi Anglong district. It is primarily based on a corpus that was created during a total of fifteen months of original fieldwork, while building on and expanding on research reported by Grüßner in 1978. While the exact phylogenetic status of Karbi inside TB has remained controversial, this dissertation points out various putative links to other TB languages. The most intriguing aspect of Karbi phonology is the tone system, which carries a low functional load. While three tones can be contrasted on monosyllabic roots, the rich agglutinating morphology of Karbi allows the formation of polysyllabic words, at which level tones lose most of their phonemicity, while still leaving systematic phonetic traces. Nouns and verbs represent the two major word classes of Karbi at the root level; property-concept terms represent a subclass of verbs. At the heart of Karbi morphosyntax, there are two prefixes of Proto-TB provenance that have diachronically shaped the grammar of the language: the possessive prefix a- and the nominalizer ke-. Possessive a- attaches to nouns that are modified by preposed elements and represents the most frequent morpheme in the corpus. Nominalization involving ke- forms the basis for a variety of predicate constructions, including most of Karbi subordination as well as a number of main clause constructions. In addition to nominalization, subordination commonly involves clause chaining. Noun phrases may be marked for their clausal role via -phān `non-subject' or -lòng `locative' but frequently remain unmarked for role. Their pragmatic status can be indicated with information structure markers for topic, focus, and additivity. Commonly used discourse constructions include elaborate expressions and parallelism more generally, general extenders, copy verb constructions, as well as a number of final particles. Audio files are available of the texts given in the appendices, particular examples illustrating phonological issues, and phonetic recordings of tone minimal sets. Supplemental files are located at: https://scholarsbank.uoregon.edu/xmlui/handle/1794/13657
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Barnett, Phillip. "A MARKEDLY DIFFERENT APPROACH: INVESTIGATING PIE STOPS USING MODERN EMPIRICAL METHODS." UKnowledge, 2018. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/ltt_etds/28.

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In this thesis, I investigate a decades-old problem found in the stop system of Proto-Indo-European (PIE). More specifically, I will be investigating the paucity of */b/ in the forms reconstructed for the ancient, hypothetical language. As cross-linguistic evidence and phonological theory alone have fallen short of providing a satisfactory answer, herein will I employ modern empirical methods of linguistic investigation, namely laboratory phonology experiments and computational database analysis. Following Byrd 2015, I advocate for an examination of synchronic phenomena and behavior as a method for investigating diachronic change. In Chapter 1, I present an overview of the various proposed phonological systems of PIE and some of the explanations previously given for the enigmatic rarity of PIE */b/. Chapter 2 presents a detailed account of three lab phonology experiments I conducted in order to investigate perceptual confusability as a motivator of asymmetric merger within a system of stop consonants. Chapter 3 presents the preliminary form and findings of a computational database of reconstructed forms in PIE that I created and have named the Database of Etymological Reconstructions Beginnning in Proto-Indo-European (DERBiPIE). The final chapter, Chapter 4, offers a summary of the work presented herein and conclusions that may be drawn, offering suggestions for continued work on the topic and others like it.
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Ricquier, Birgit. "Porridge deconstructed: a comparative linguistic approach to the history of staple starch food preparations in Bantuphone Africa." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209508.

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Despite the current interest in food studies, little is known about the culinary history of Central and Southern Africa. Using the methods of historical-comparative linguistics, this dissertation provides the first insights into the culinary traditions of early Bantu speech communities. The dissertation focuses on the history of staple starch food preparations, more specifically, the history of porridge and the integration of cassava into Kongo culinary traditions.
Doctorat en Langues et lettres
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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Books on the topic "Comparative and Historical Linguistics"

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Brogyanyi, Bela, and Reiner Lipp, eds. Comparative-Historical Linguistics. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cilt.97.

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Raimo, Anttila, ed. Historical and comparative linguistics. 2nd ed. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Pub. Co., 1989.

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Trask, R. L. Historical linguistics. London: Arnold, 1996.

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Benediktsson, Hreinn. Linguistic studies: Historical and comparative. Reykjavik: Institute of Linguistics, 2002.

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The dictionary of historical and comparative linguistics. Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn, 2000.

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Manchester), International Conference on Historical Linguistics (12th 1995. Historical linguistics 1995: Selected papers from the 12th International Conference on Historical Linguistics, Manchester, August 1995. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 1998.

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Comparative Indo-European linguistics: An introduction. Amsterdam: J. Benjamins Pub., 1995.

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Advanced principles of historical linguistics. New York: P. Lang, 1988.

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International Conference on Historical Linguistics, 12th, Manchester, 1995. Historical linguistics 1995: Selected papers from the 12th International Conference on Historical Linguistics, Manchester, August 1995. Amsterdam: Benjamins, 2000.

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Beekes, R. S. P. Comparative Indo-European linguistics: An introduction. 2nd ed. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Pub. Co., 2011.

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Book chapters on the topic "Comparative and Historical Linguistics"

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Dench, Alan. "Comparative Reconstitution." In Historical Linguistics 1995, 57. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cilt.161.05den.

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Campbell, Lyle. "Beyond the comparative method?" In Historical Linguistics 2001, 33–57. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cilt.237.05cam.

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Herndon, Jeanne H. "Comparative and Historical Linguistics." In Language, 599–603. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-13421-2_35.

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Posner, Rebecca. "Romance comparative grammar and linguistic change." In Historical Linguistics 1987, 399. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cilt.66.28pos.

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Koerner, E. F. K. "The Natural Science Background to the Development of Historical-Comparative Linguistics." In Historical Linguistics 1989, 1. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cilt.106.02koe.

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Dimmendaal, Gerrit J. "The Comparative Method and Language Change in Accretion Zones." In Historical Linguistics and Endangered Languages, 155–81. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429030390-10.

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"The comparative method." In Historical Linguistics, 160–80. Routledge, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203416433-15.

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"The comparative method." In Trask's Historical Linguistics, 271–328. Routledge, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203775974-16.

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"The comparative method." In Trask's Historical Linguistics, 211–53. Routledge, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315728056-16.

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"19. Comparative reconstruction." In Principles of Historical Linguistics, 581–626. De Gruyter Mouton, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110219135.581.

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Conference papers on the topic "Comparative and Historical Linguistics"

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Номати, М. "Эволюция взглядов С. Б. Бернштейна на кашубский вопрос." In Межкультурное и межъязыковое взаимодействие в пространстве Славии (к 110-летию со дня рождения С. Б. Бернштейна). Институт славяноведения РАН, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31168/0459-6.22.

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Samuil B. Bernstein was one of the most renowned Soviet and Russian Slavists, who had an unmatched scholarly breadth and depth and was interested in all aspects of Slavic linguistics. Though he was famous as a specialist in the South Slavic languages and Slavic historical and comparative grammar, he was equally interested in West Slavic languages, particularly in Polish, including Kashubian. In his lifetime, Bernstein did not write much about Kashubian, but from little that he wrote, it seems clear that he changed his views toward Kashubian several times. In this presentation, I will analyze Bernstein’s published and unpublished materials in order to establish at what points in his career, and for what reasons, he changed his views on Kashubian.
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On Thi My, Linh. "Decoding Female Characters in Grimm’s Tales and Nguyen Dong Chi’s Tales from the Socio-historical Viewpoint and Comparative Study." In GLOCAL Conference on Asian Linguistic Anthropology 2019. The GLOCAL Unit, SOAS University of London, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.47298/cala2019.10-1.

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This article examines how the Brothers Grimm and Nguyen Dong Chi reflect cultural issues through female characters in their folktales and how researchers decode their tales from the socio-historical viewpoint. By showing some aspects such as harsh conditions and gender roles, feminine virtues, the lessons of being a good woman and the concept of feminine beauty, the article argues that by picturing female persons, the Brothers Grimm's tales and Nguyen Dong Chi’s tales encode common and different hard facts and social values of German and Vietnamese people. The article is based on ten tales of the Brothers Grimm and ten Vietnamese tales collected by Nguyen Dong Chi.
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Yann, Wong Ling. "Local Chinese Dialects and Toponymity of Chinese Streets in Sibu, Sarawak." In GLOCAL Conference on Asian Linguistic Anthropology 2020. The GLOCAL Unit, SOAS University of London, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47298/cala2020.7-4.

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This paper aims to explore into the categories, structural formation, syllables and alphabetic characteristics of the naming of Chinese streets in Sibu, Sarawak. Sibu is the third biggest city in Sarawak, is also called “New Foochow” or “Little Foochow”. The Foochow people is one of the main ethnicities in Sibu. The Foochow culture and dialect play an important role in developing the history of Sibu. One of the significant influences of the Foochow culture and dialect towards the history of Sibu is the naming of the city streets in Chinese. This study adopts a qualitative research methodology to collect and analyse research data, where a historical comparative study is adopted to study the naming categories, the structural formation, syllables and alphabetic characteristics of the Chinese streets in Sibu.
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Cojuhari, Ecaterina. "Spring ritual calendar of the ukrainians of the Republic of Moldova: source study and historiographic analysis." In Ethnology Symposium "Ethnic traditions and processes", Edition II. Institute of Cultural Heritage, Republic of Moldova, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.52603/9789975333788.04.

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The carried out source analysis revealed that during the XIX, XX, and the early XXI centuries there was a gradual accumulation of the source base about the spring calendar of Moldovan Ukrainians. Articles, monographs, folklore collections, archival records, local periodicals, Internet portals, sites, as well as the author’s self-collected field materials are an important source for studying the problem of spring calendar holidays of the Ukrainian population of the Republic and allow them to be considered from a historical retrospective, to trace the connection with the mother Ukrainian culture, interethnic influences and transformations, to conduct a comparative analysis of old and new holidays and rituals, to consider the stages of transformation of their cultural content. The corpus of published and handwritten materials is a valuable source for further ethnological, ethno-linguistic, folklore and cultural studies. It makes possible to trace the originality and territorial and local differences of the Ukrainian ethno-culture on the territory of the Republic of Moldova, to identify the commonality of basic, allUkrainian, as well as distinctive, characteristic exclusively of the Ukrainians in Moldova, elements and features of the spring rituals.
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Ivanova, Miglena, Margaret Dimitrova, and Siemeon Stefanov. "Historical Linguistics and Anthropology of Dress in Bulgaria." In 2nd International Conference on Contemporary Education, Social Sciences and Humanities (ICCESSH 2017). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/iccessh-17.2017.249.

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Bitkeev, Pyotr. "Current Problems In Comparative-Historical Mongolian Studies." In International Scientific Conference «Social and Cultural Transformations in the Context of Modern Globalism» dedicated to the 80th anniversary of Turkayev Hassan Vakhitovich. European Publisher, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2020.10.05.476.

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Honovich, Or, Lucas Torroba Hennigen, Omri Abend, and Shay B. Cohen. "Machine Reading of Historical Events." In Proceedings of the 58th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics. Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/2020.acl-main.668.

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Sukhareva, Maria. "Context-Aware Text Normalisation for Historical Dialects." In Proceedings of the 28th International Conference on Computational Linguistics. Stroudsburg, PA, USA: International Committee on Computational Linguistics, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/2020.coling-main.89.

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Sukhareva, Maria. "Context-Aware Text Normalisation for Historical Dialects." In Proceedings of the 28th International Conference on Computational Linguistics. Stroudsburg, PA, USA: International Committee on Computational Linguistics, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/2020.coling-main.89.

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Flachs, Simon, Marcel Bollmann, and Anders Søgaard. "Historical Text Normalization with Delayed Rewards." In Proceedings of the 57th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics. Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/p19-1157.

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Reports on the topic "Comparative and Historical Linguistics"

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Chornodon, Myroslava. FEAUTURES OF GENDER IN MODERN MASS MEDIA. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2021.49.11064.

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The article clarifies of gender identity stereotypes in modern media. The main gender stereotypes covered in modern mass media are analyzed and refuted. The model of gender relations in the media is reflected mainly in the stereotypical images of men and woman. The features of the use of gender concepts in modern periodicals for women and men were determined. The most frequently used derivatives of these macroconcepts were identified and analyzed in detail. It has been found that publications for women and men are full of various gender concepts that are used in different contexts. Ingeneral, theanalysisofthe concept-maximums and concept-minimum gender and their characteristics is carried out in the context of gender stereotypes that have been forme dand function in the society, system atizing the a ctual presentations. The study of the gender concept is relevant because it reveals new trends and features of modern gender images. Taking into account the special features of gender-labeled periodicals in general and the practical absence of comprehensive scientific studies of the gender concept in particular, there is a need to supplement Ukrainian science with this topic. Gender psychology, which is served by methods of various sciences, primarily sociological, pedagogical, linguistic, psychological, socio-psychological. Let us pay attention to linguistic and psycholinguistic methods in gender studies. Linguistic methods complement intelligence research tasks, associated with speech, word and text. Psycholinguistic methods used in gender psychology (semantic differential, semantic integral, semantic analysis of words and texts), aimed at studying speech messages, specific mechanisms of origin and perception, functions of speech activity in society, studying the relationship between speech messages and gender properties participants in the communication, to analyze the linguistic development in connection with the general development of the individual. Nowhere in gender practice there is the whole arsenal of psychological methods that allow you to explore psychological peculiarities of a person like observation, experiments, questionnaires, interviews, testing, modeling, etc. The methods of psychological self-diagnostics include: the gender aspect of the own socio-psychological portrait, a gender biography as a variant of the biographical method, aimed at the reconstruction of individual social experience. In the process of writing a gender autobiography, a person can understand the characteristics of his gender identity, as well as ways and means of their formation. Socio-psychological methods of studying gender include the study of socially constructed women’s and men’s roles, relationships and identities, sexual characteristics, psychological characteristics, etc. The use of gender indicators and gender approaches as a means of socio-psychological and sociological analysis broadens the subject boundaries of these disciplines and makes them the subject of study within these disciplines. And also, in the article a combination of concrete-historical, structural-typological, system-functional methods is implemented. Descriptive and comparative methods, method of typology, modeling are used. Also used is a method of content analysis for the study of gender content of modern gender-stamped journals. It was he who allowed quantitatively to identify and explore the features of the gender concept in the pages of periodicals for women and men. A combination of historical, structural-typological, system-functional methods is also implemented in the article. Descriptive and comparative methods, method of typology, modeling are used. A method of content analysis for the study of gender content of modern gender-labeled journals is also used. It allowed to identify and explore the features of the gender concept quantitatively in the periodicals for women and men. The conceptual perception and interpretation of the gender concept «woman», which is highlighted in the modern gender-labeled press in Ukraine, requires the elaboration of the polyfunctionality of gender interpretations, the comprehension of the metaphorical perception of this image and its role and purpose in society. A gendered approach to researching the gender content of contemporary periodicals for women and men. Conceptual analysis of contemporary gender-stamped publications within the gender conceptual sphere allows to identify and correlate the meta-gender and gender concepts that appear in society.
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Morck, Randall, and Bernard Yeung. Never Waste a Good Crisis: An Historical Perspective on Comparative Corporate Governance. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, June 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w15042.

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Field, Alexander. The Interwar Housing Cycle in the Light of 2001-2011: A Comparative Historical Approach. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, February 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w18796.

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Moriguchi, Chiaki. The Evolution of Employment Relations in U.S. and Japanese Manufacturing Firms, 1900-1960: A Comparative Historical and Institutional Analysis. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, October 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w7939.

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Banker, Thomas A. What Can History Teach Us A Comparative Historical Analysis On the Reserve Officer Training Corps and the Department of Homeland Security. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ad1009078.

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Lee, Soohyung, and Anna Koh. Lessons for Latin America from a Comparative Education Approach: South Korea’s K-12 Education System. Inter-American Development Bank, April 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0002321.

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South Korea is well known for its outstanding performance on international assessments of student achievement and learning. Both public and private investments are often considered key factors in this success. This paper describes the historical factors that gave rise to the current system. The paper also highlights certain features of the education system that might be useful for policymakers in Latin American and the Caribbean.
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Stelmakh, Marta. HISTORICAL CONTEXT IN THE COLLECTION OF ARTICLES BY TIMOTHY SNYDER «UKRAINIAN HISTORY, RUSSIAN POLITICS, EUROPEAN FUTURE». Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2021.50.11098.

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The article examines the problem of the image formation of Ukraine in the international arena in the historical journalism of Timothy Snyder. The subject of the research is the historical context in the journalistic collection «Ukrainian History, Russian Politics, European Future». It identifies the main considerations of the author on the past of Russian-Ukrainian relations and the need to develop historical consciousness in the fight against Russian manipulation. Methodology: the comparative, historical, system analysis and other methods are used in the process of scientific research. The results of the study were obtained by analysing the author’s journalistic works and by considering the main historical themes raised by Timothy Snyder. Main results: The historical context in Timothy Snyder’s journalism is often focused on the Holodomor and the events of World War II. After all, these events are connected with the beginning of the image formation of the Ukrainian people as supporters of Nazism by the Russian authorities and the devaluation of the Ukrainians’ contribution to the establishment of peace during the Second World War. It is determined that the non-reflective attitude to history, the inability to draw parallels between the events of the past and the future leads to an ineffective response to manipulation and propaganda, which can threaten world peace. Conclusions: the realization that Russian aggression against Ukraine has its own history is a necessary aspect in the elucidation of this issue. The Eurasian Union and cooperation with the European far-right are Russian propaganda tools that discredit the Ukrainian state in the world community. Publicist Timothy Snyder points out that Europe’s future interconnects with the past, so he emphasizes the need to study and rethink history, which today has become the object of propaganda and manipulation. Significance: The results of our study will help journalists who study the historical aspect of journalistic materials and research foreign materials on Ukrainian issues. In addition, our research is necessary for Ukraine, because Russia’s aggression continues, as well as the aggressor’s propaganda, which is based on the distortion and falsification of historical events.
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Berkowitz, Jacob, Christine VanZomeren, Nia Hurst, and Kristina Sebastian. An evaluation of soil phosphorus storage capacity (SPSC) at proposed wetland restoration locations in the western Lake Erie Basin. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/42108.

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Historical loss of wetlands coupled with excess phosphorus (P) loading at watershed scales have degraded water quality in portions of the western Lake Erie Basin (WLEB). In response, efforts are underway to restore wetlands and decrease P loading to surface waters. Because wetlands have a finite capacity to retain P, researchers have developed techniques to determine whether wetlands function as P sources or sinks. The following technical report evaluates the soil P storage capacity (SPSC) at locations under consideration for wetland restoration in collaboration with the Great Lakes Restoration Initiative (GLRI) and the H2Ohio initiative. Results indicate that the examined soils display a range of P retention capacities, reflecting historic land-use patterns and management regimes. However, the majority of study locations exhibited some capacity to sequester additional P. The analysis supports development of rankings and comparative analyses of areas within a specific land parcel, informing management through design, avoidance, removal, or remediation of potential legacy P sources. Additionally, the approaches described herein support relative comparisons between multiple potential wetland development properties. These results, in conjunction with other data sources, can be used to target, prioritize, justify, and improve decision-making for wetland management activities in the WLEB.
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Halych, Valentyna. SERHII YEFREMOV’S COOPERATION WITH THE WESTERN UKRAINIAN PRESS: MEMORIAL RECEPTION. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2021.49.11055.

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The subject of the study is the cooperation of S. Efremov with Western Ukrainian periodicals as a page in the history of Ukrainian journalism which covers the relationship of journalists and scientists of Eastern and Western Ukraine at the turn of the XIX-XX centuries. Research methods (biographical, historical, comparative, axiological, statistical, discursive) develop the comprehensive disclosure of the article. As a result of scientific research, the origins of Ukrainocentrism in the personality of S. Efremov were clarified; his person as a public figure, journalist, publisher, literary critic is multifaceted; taking into account the specifics of the memoir genre and with the involvement of the historical context, the turning points in the destiny of the author of memoirs are interpreted, revealing cooperation with Western Ukrainian magazines and newspapers. The publications ‘Zoria’, ‘Narod’, ‘Pravda’, ‘Bukovyna’, ‘Dzvinok’, are secretly got into sub-Russian Ukraine, became for S. Efremov a spiritual basis in understanding the specifics of the national (Ukrainian) mass media, ideas of education in culture of Ukraine at the end of XIX century, its territorial integrity, and state independence. Memoirs of S. Efremov on cooperation with the iconic Galician journals ‘Notes of the Scientific Society after the name Shevchenko’ and ‘Literary-Scientific Bulletin’, testify to an important stage in the formation of the author’s worldview, the expansion of the genre boundaries of his journalism, active development as a literary critic. S. Yefremov collaborated most fruitfully and for a long time with the Literary-Scientific Bulletin, and he was impressed by the democratic position of this publication. The author’s comments reveal a long-running controversy over the publication of a review of the new edition of Kobzar and thematically related discussions around his other literary criticism, in which the talent of the demanding critic was forged. S. Efremov steadfastly defended the main principles of literary criticism: objectivity and freedom of author’s thought. The names of the allies of the Ukrainian idea L. Skochkovskyi, O. Lototskyi, O. Konyskyi, P. Zhytskyi, M. Hrushevskyi in S. Efremov’s memoirs unfold in multifaceted portrait descriptions and function as historical and cultural facts that document the pages of the author’s biography, record his activities in space and time. The results of the study give grounds to characterize S. Efremov as the first professional Ukrainian-speaking journalist.
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Slotiuk, Tetiana. CONCEPT OF SOLUTIONS JOURNALISM MODEL: CONNOTION, FUNCTIONS, FEATURES OF FUNCTIONING. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2021.50.11097.

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The article examines the main features, general characteristics and essence of the concept of solutions journalism. The basic principles of functioning of this model of journalism in the western press and in Ukraine are given. The list and features of activity of the organizations, institutes and editorial offices supporting development of journalism of solutions journalism. The purpose of the publication is to describe the Solutions Journalism model: its features, characteristics and features of functioning, to find out the difference in the understanding of the concept of «solutions journalism» and «constructive journalism» in general. The task of the publication was to conceptualize the main trends in the development of solutions journalism in the Western and Ukrainian information space; show the main characteristics, formats of functioning and analyze the features of the concepts of «solutions journalism» and «constructive journalism». Applied research methods: at the stage of research of the history of formation of the concept of Solutions Journalism the historical method is used. The hermeneutic method of research helped in the interpretation of basic concepts, the phenomenological approach was applied in the context of considering the essence of the phenomenon of solutions journalism. At the stage of generalization of the features of the concepts of Solutions Journalism and «constructive journalism» a comparative method was used, which gave an understanding of the common components in their essence. The method of analysis allowed to expand the understanding of the purpose of Solutions Journalism as a type of social journalism and its main tasks. With the help of synthesis it was possible to comprehensively understand the concept of Solutions Journalism and understand its features. In Ukraine, this type of journalism is just emerging, but its introduction into the editorial policy of the media may have a national importance. These are regional and local media that can inform their communities about the positive solution of certain problems in other communities, and thus thanks to this model can save local journalism. In the scientific context, there is a need to outline the main differences in the understanding of the concepts of decision journalism and constructive journalism, to understand the socio-psychological need to create good news.
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