Dissertations / Theses: 'Comparative framework'

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Ni, Ze. "Comparative Evaluation of Spark andStratosphere." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för informations- och kommunikationsteknik (ICT), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-118226.

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Nowadays, although MapReduce is applied to the parallel processing on big data, it has some limitations: for instance, lack of generic but efficient and richly functional primitive parallel methods, incapability of entering multiple input parameters on the entry of parallel methods, and inefficiency in the way of handling iterative algorithms. Spark and Stratosphere are developed to deal with (partly) the shortcoming of MapReduce. The goal of this thesis is to evaluate Spark and Stratosphere both from the point of view of theoretical programming model and practical execution on specified application algorithms. In the introductory section of comparative programming models, we mainly explore and compare the features of Spark and Stratosphere that overcome the limitation of MapReduce. After the comparison in theoretical programming model, we further evaluate their practical performance by running three different classes of applications and assessing usage of computing resources and execution time. It is concluded that Spark has promising features for iterative algorithms in theory but it may not achieve the expected performance improvement to run iterative applications if the amount of memory used for cached operations is close to the actual available memory in the cluster environment. In that case, the reason for the poor results in performance is because larger amount of memory participates in the caching operation and in turn, only a small amount memory is available for computing operations of actual algorithms. Stratosphere shows favorable characteristics as a general parallel computing framework, but it has no support for iterative algorithms and spends more computing resources than Spark for the same amount of work. In another aspect, applications based on Stratosphere can achieve benefits by manually setting compiler hints when developing the code, whereas Spark has no corresponding functionality.

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Sandberg, Erik. "Evaluating Blazor : A comparative examination of a web framework." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-173239.

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For my thesis work I have done an evaluation of the newly released Microsoft developed web framework Blazor. My methodology is based upon a couple of previous articles about evaluating web frameworks. From these articles I have gathered a number of criteria used in my evaluation: documentation, lines of code,community size, framework usage, framework maturity, framework freshness, browser support and framework cost. Additionally, since Blazor is based on C# instead of JavaScript, I have included a 9th criterion, comparing JavaScript with C#. Many of the criteria need some kind of counterpart for Blazor to be compared with, for this purpose I have mainly used the established web framework Angular, and in some cases Ember.js. When evaluating, I have not expected Blazor to exceed Angular. Rather I have counted all cases where Blazor can at least be considered comparable to Angular (or Ember.js) as favourable.I found that overall Blazor did very well in the comparison as 6 out of the 8 criteria I took from the articles evaluated favourably for Blazor. The two criteria where I found Blazor lacking were framework usage and framework maturity. While there are large numbers of showcases and example sites I did not find any large production websites developed with Blazor, and for obvious reasons the framework that was officially released earlier this year has yet to reach a mature state. Furthermore I found the extra criteria, JavaScript vs C#, was favourable to Blazor.Thus, my conclusion is that Blazor is certainly worth picking up for new projects. I argue that even though the framework is not yet fully mature it has come far in its short lifespan, and that even though Blazor is not widely used yet it is unlikely to go away considering that it is developed and supported by a large company like Microsoft.

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Van, Wyk Karolien. "The legal framework regulating medical parole : a comparative study." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/46101.

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Seven, BuÌˆlent. "Legal aspects of privatisation : a comparative study of European implementations." Thesis, University of Essex, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.341270.

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McArthur, Gregory D. "Comparative Analysis of Ledoit's Covariance Matrix and Comparative Adjustment Liability Model (CALM) Within the Markowitz Framework." Digital WPI, 2014. https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/etd-theses/1194.

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Estimation of the covariance matrix of asset returns is a key component of portfolio optimization. Inherent in any estimation technique is the capacity to inaccurately reflect current market conditions. Typical of Markowitz portfolio optimization theory, which we use as the basis for our analysis, is to assume that asset returns are stationary. This assumption inevitably causes an optimized portfolio to fail during a market crash since estimates of covariance matrices of asset returns no longer reflect current conditions. We use the market crash of 2008 to exemplify this fact. A current industry-standard benchmark for estimation is the Ledoit covariance matrix, which attempts to adjust a portfolio’s aggressiveness during varying market conditions. We test this technique against the CALM (Covariance Adjustment for Liability Management Method), which incorporates forward-looking signals for market volatility to reduce portfolio variance, and assess under certain criteria how well each model performs during recent market crash. We show that CALM should be preferred against the sample convariance matrix and Ledoit covariance matrix under some reasonable weight constraints.

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Zhang, Yafei. "Comparative Analysis of Ledoit's Covariance Matrix and Comparative Adjustment Liability Management (CALM) Model Within the Markowitz Framework." Digital WPI, 2014. https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/etd-theses/790.

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Estimation of the covariance matrix of asset returns is a key component of portfolio optimization. Inherent in any estimation technique is the capacity to inaccurately reflect current market conditions. Typical of Markowitz portfolio optimization theory, which we use as the basis for our analysis, is to assume that asset returns are stationary. This assumption inevitably causes an optimized portfolio to fail during a market crash since estimates of covariance matrices of asset returns no longer re ect current conditions. We use the market crash of 2008 to exemplify this fact. A current industry standard benchmark for estimation is the Ledoit covariance matrix, which attempts to adjust a portfolio's aggressiveness during varying market conditions. We test this technique against the CALM (Covariance Adjustment for Liability Management Method), which incorporates forward-looking signals for market volatility to reduce portfolio variance, and assess under certain criteria how well each model performs during recent market crash. We show that CALM should be preferred against the sample convariance matrix and Ledoit covariance matrix under some reasonable weight constraints.

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7

Thorn, Aisha. "Spectral Trajectory Analysis : A framework for comparative studies of vocal repertoires." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.536542.

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Eriksonas, Linas. "National heroes and national identities : a comparative framework for smaller nations." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2002. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU153211.

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This thesis is an attempt to grasp the phenomenon of the national hero behind the facade of national identity. Three smaller nations from the northern quarters of Europe - Scotland, Norway and Lithuania - are examined separately and within a comparative framework. Thus, the study is built on three different layers representing differences rather than common features among the three case studies. The key question underlying the thesis is this: what is the relation if any between the heroic traditions and national identity? Since the latter has been widely seen by scholars as an entity caught up in a perpetual cycle of human evolution, whether monitoring or constructing the world we live in, it was deemed appropriate to investigate the most permanent feature of national identity, that is heroic traditions - the prevailing popular trends in situating the national hero in history. The thesis argues that heroic traditions came about in connection with the emergence of the nation state in early modern history. The common ground for selecting the three otherwise different countries for this study was found in the fact that all had been exposed to unionism for a greater part of their national history, hence national heroes were formulated in the language of separatism and longing for statehood. Yet, as the thesis attempts to demonstrate, both the heroic and the modern state had been conceived with a Neostoic mindset which envisioned a close relationship between the ethical values and political interests of the citizen. The confluence of political theory and Realpolitik gave birth to three types of national identity, namely civitas popularis (democracy), regnum (kingship), and optimatium (aristocracy) as found in Scotland, Norway and Lithuania respectively. The study has shown the persistence of these key models of state-formation in the development of national identity from patriotism to territorial and ethnic nationalism. The abundance of the heroic in the Scottish case is explained as a vestige of the legacy of civic humanism, the traditional emphasis on the king-lines in the Norwegian case is a result of absolutism, while the lack of both in Lithuania is interpreted within an aristocratic model of national identity.

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Da, Silva M. E. M. "Health and safety at work : a comparative analysis of the Brazilian enforcement framework." Thesis, University of Salford, 2009. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/26632/.

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The rate of work place accidents and consequential work place fatalities in Brazil is very high. This thesis intends to analyse whether a structured enforcement body with clear policies, regulations, standards and guidance is necessary to improve working conditions and to provide a safe work environment in Brazil. Central to this study is the Brazilian Enforcement Framework. This thesis will focus on enforcement powers and the forms of punishments that are provided to cover breaches of health and safety legislation. It will also focus on the structure of the Enforcement Body. An assessment will be made of the Brazilian Judiciary System, Health and Safety at Work Legislation and the political, social and economic issues. This will be done in order to identify if improvements alone to enforcement will be sufficient to reduce the high level of work place accidents. The study concluded that Brazil lacks clear and specific health and safety at work legislation which takes into account the circumstances today such as the working environment, the work force, working relationships and what is necessary to provide protection to the general public. The conclusion also claims that the political, social and economic reality in Brazil does not include a perspective that contributes to promoting a health and safety culture generally. Therefore this thesis does not recommend that a newly structured enforcement body be constructed, it goes far beyond that and recommends that a whole new model of Health and Safety at Work should be created. The recommendation follows the conclusion that a newly structured enforcement body will not be enough to reduce the level of accidents at work to a more acceptable level. The recommendation takes into account Brazil's reality today and a genuine commitment towards health and safety at work on all levels.

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Theodore, Jamal A. "A Framework for Comparative Analysis of Gene Expressions and Mutations Linked to Cancer." Thesis, The George Washington University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1556730.

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A Framework for Comparative Analysis of Gene Expressions and Mutations Linked to Cancer Analysis of the aberrations occurring at the functional sites of genes and proteins is essential to understanding the genomic basis of human disease. There are many data sources that offer rich repository of information on sequence features, but their heterogeneity poses a challenge to developing an intuitive and high-confidence workflow for next-generation sequencing (NGS) data analysis. Moreover, the failure of existing repositories to incorporate results from both small-scale and large-scale studies has inhibited the identification of many novel non-synonymous single-nucleotide variations (nsSNVs). The HIVE (High-performance Integrated Virtual Environment) platform offers integrated and curated sources of nsSNVs and gene expression data from trusted genomic and proteomic repositories and publications. We demonstrate a data-driven functional genomics approach primarily leveraging the HIVE framework to identify priority targets for further investigation in the lab. Additionally, we developed the HIVE Genecast mobile app for Android devices that is annotated with our priority target results to provide scientists with access to gene sequence information while away from their workspaces.

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Mutakha, John Kangu. "An interpretation of the constitutional framework for devolution in Kenya: a comparative approach." University of the Western Cape, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4390.

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Doctor Legum - LLD
Kenya adopted a new Constitution in 2010, with devolution of political power, responsibilities and resources to newly created counties as its centrepiece and most transformative aspect. Devolution was intended to address the many governance, economic and development problems of the country, which arose from the long history of a highly centralised, undemocratic and inequitable system. The main problem, however, is how to give effect to the stated intent of the Kenyan people and make devolution as envisaged, a reality. This is compounded by the fact that devolution’s constitutional design has its provisions spread across and permeating the entire Constitution. Thus, the main aim of this thesis was to give a coherent and purposeful interpretation of the constitutional provisions on devolution in order to realise the objectives and intent of the Kenyan people. This study has advanced the argument that the central nature of devolution and its intended objectives can be realised through a purposive interpretation. This entails the practical realisation and application of the constitutional provisions by identifying the objects and purposes of devolution and giving effect to them. Such interpretation draws on textual, structural, contextual and historical elements. The Constitution is interpreted as a whole, taking into account both intra-textual and extra-textual context, including the social, economic, political and cultural context of the country in its historical and contemporary dimensions. Comparative law, especially the South African jurisprudence and scholarly commentaries, provided instructive lessons, given the significant textual similarities between the Kenyan and South African constitutional provisions on devolution. A coherent and purposive interpretation has demonstrated that devolution was adopted to promote and advance democracy and accountability; development and service delivery; equity and inclusiveness; and limitation of centralised power. This is reflected in the values, objects and principles of devolution, which are not only aids for the interpretation of other provisions of the Constitution but also themselves operative provisions demarcating the limits of powers of the two levels of government. The interpretation demonstrates that the Constitution creates two distinct governments that must conduct their intergovernmental relations in a cooperative manner. The county governments are relatively autonomous; are represented in selected decision-making at the national level, through the Senate; and have both exclusive and concurrent powers. Although they have limited revenue-raising powers comprising property rates and entertainment taxes, they are entitled to a share of the revenue raised nationally as equitable shares and conditional or unconditional additional grants. The national government, however, has some limited and circumscribed supervision powers. These conclusions have been arrived at by interpreting the devolution- and county-empowering provisions liberally, broadly and generously in favour of the counties and devolution, and the national government intervention and devolution limiting provisions narrowly and strictly against the national government. In this process, the South African case law has been very useful in giving content to the purposive interpretation.

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12

Bradley, Rosemarie Ann. "Evaluating U.S. Federal Marine Protected Areas Programs: A Comparative Analysis and Conceptual Framework." [Yellow Springs, Ohio] : Antioch University, 2008. http://etd.ohiolink.edu/view.cgi?acc_num=antioch1241705173.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Antioch University New England, 2008.
Title from PDF t.p. (August 7, 2009). "A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Environmental Studies at Antioch University New England (2008)."--The title page. Advisor: James Jordan, Ph. D. Includes bibliographical references (p. 193-204).

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Abhijeet, Kumar. "Governing water pollution effectively: A comparative study of legal frameworks & their implementation in India & Sweden." Thesis, KTH, Mark- och vattenteknik (flyttat 20130630), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-171822.

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Case studies from India have shown that the legal regime governing water pollution control in India has miserably failed. Sectoral approach to water management is quite evident. On the other hand Sweden has shown a remarkable change with regard to environment management. The poor management of a resource makes the resource further poor. Thus effective management of the resources becomes crucial. Good governance has been vital in conservation of a resource. But the issue is what constitutes good governance with respect to water? Law has always played a steering role in governance aspect. But despite having pollution control laws the effective governance of water pollution has not been attainable in India. Are the pollution control laws fundamentally wrong or some other factors prevail which is beyond the reach of law to control the pollution problem. The thesis which is a comparative study of legal framework and their implementation in India and Sweden attempts to explore how control of water pollution has been effectively governed in Sweden and what needs to been done in India.

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Lai, Catherine. "A formal framework for linguistic tree query /." Connect to thesis, 2005. http://eprints.unimelb.edu.au/archive/00001594.

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Moore, Tameka Tammy. "An International Quantitative Comparative Content Analysis of Reading Curriculum Using a 21st Century Framework." Thesis, Lindenwood University, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10170204.

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Research in the area of 21st century learning suggested the American public education system lacked educational preparation for students to compete in a global/connection economy. The United States performed lower than other nations on the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) 2012 reading performance. However, the United States had a higher number of 21st century skills and knowledge embedded in the curriculum. The 21st century skills, referred to as the 4Cs (collaboration, communication, creativity, and critical thinking) served as the foundation of this research. Moreover, while the United Sates performance on the PISA was no match to other developed nations; the country ranked above competitors in other international indexes such as the Global Competitiveness Index and the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor.

The researcher analyzed data using an Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient (PPMCC), and Chi-Square tests for independence and goodness of fit, to seek a possible relationship between the number of 21st century skills included within the 2012 reading curriculums in the countries of Finland, Singapore, and the United States and compared to reading scores measured by the 2012 PISA. For the null hypotheses numbers one through five the researcher applied a PPMCC to the data by comparing a single 4C to the score of each researched country for reading PISA results. With exception to null hypothesis three, a significant inverse relationship existed between the number of 21st century skills included within the 2012 reading curriculums and the 2012 PISA reading scores of the researched countries. Although null hypothesis three was not significant, an observable inverse relationship did exist. This study revealed when a country scored higher on the PISA 2012, the total number of 21st century skills included in the reading curriculums were lower. Additionally, students within the American educational system may benefit from increased focus on academic performance and instructional design to harness creativity and develop an entrepreneurial spirit.

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Trinkle, Daniel. "Comparative Views on Age Discrimination Within Appellate Court Decisions: Utilizing Werner and Bolino’s Framework." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2020. https://dc.etsu.edu/honors/609.

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The manner by which courts view performance appraisals in relation to the outcome of case is certainly a topic worthy of discussion. Utilizing the framework used within the work of Werner and Bolino (1997), the following study was able to accomplish two main goals: (1) update the information of Werner and Bolino (1997) by evaluating modern cases, and (2) to evaluate new data regarding age discrimination utilizing the same framework as Werner and Bolino (1997). Utilizing chi-square analysis to test all of the hypotheses, it was demonstrated that there was statistical significance in performance appraisals with the presence of a job analysis regarding court outcome. Other variables such as appraisal basis (trait, behavioral, MBO), triangulation, and appraisal frequency did not have any statistical significance. Out of the six new hypotheses tested, all showed statistical significance except for one. These hypotheses showcased the immense differences in how different forms of discrimination are viewed by the court even with respect to the performance appraisal. This was especially true with age discrimination in comparison to every other form of discrimination. In conclusion the following study accomplished its two main goals by displaying consistency with Werner and Bolino’s work and successfully evaluating new variables to support the hypotheses that involve differences between different forms of discrimination and the outcome of the court case.

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Larson, Jeffrey B. "Framework for descriptive and comparative cost analysis of public and nonpublic special education programs." Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/53884.

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Determining the costs of special education in public and nonpublic settings is an important undertaking necessary for policy formulation and implementation. The Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (P.L. 93-112) and the Education for All Handicapped Children Act of 1975 (P.L. 94-142) require that all handicapped children receive a free, appropriate, publicly supported education. Further, P.L. 94-142 mandates: education in the least restrictive environment, a continuum of alternative placements, and that handicapped children in private schools be provided special education and related services at no cost to their parent(s) or guardian(s) provided that such children are referred or placed by the public agency. In the context of fiscal accountability, the issue of providing comparable services for the least amount of expenditure in special education has become a critical one. Local education agencies (LEAs) are continually faced with decisions of whether to pay for nonpublic placements of handicapped pupils or provide public placements often at the expense of starting new programs and services for a small number of pupils. To date, most LEAs have been unable to accurately analyze and compare these costs. This study developed a framework to be used for descriptive and comparative analysis of costs of public and nonpublic programs and services utilized for handicapped pupils. Borg's model of research and development procedures was used with modifications to include expert panel review at preliminary product development and product revision stages. The framework was tested in six LEAs within Virginia which represent county and city divisions in high, medium, and low population settings. Ten nonpublic day and residential programs utilized by the LEAs were selected for analysis. Analyzed public per-pupil costs by handicapping condition and environment were compared to the analyzed per-pupil costs to the LEA for nonpublic special education programs by handicapping condition and environment. The product of this study may assist LEAs in policy formulation and implementation concerning the placement of handicapped pupils.
Ed. D.

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Laurens, Johannes Bernardus. "A comparative analysis of the regulatory framework of the therapeutic application of stem cell technologies." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/62543.

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Stem cell technologies as a branch of regenerative medicine are becoming increasingly popular as the science behind it evolves. Therefore, it is important that the regulatory framework pertaining to stem cell technologies be well defined and appropriate to prevent unethical and unscrupulous behaviour on the part of medical practitioners, which gives rise to stem cell tourism. South African legislation pertaining to stem cell technology is regarded as inadequate and dissonant with the Constitution, exacerbating the problem of stem cell tourism and denying patients access to certain stem cell therapies, which ultimately can be viewed as an infringement of their constitutional rights. The United Kingdom (UK) provides a clear-cut regulatory framework, which is not only centred around consent and patient safety but is also conducive to production of stem cell therapies. For such reasons, this dissertation finds the UK framework to be an appropriate benchmark against which the South African regulatory framework can be evaluated. By means of comparison and elaborating on the biology of stem cells in addition to pertinent ethical principles, legislation and human rights of both South Africa and the UK, an argument will be made out that South African legislation pertaining to stem cell therapy and related matters is wanting. Furthermore, analysis will be made of the definition of biological medicine as put forward by the Medicines and Related Substances Control Act 101 of 1965 to conclude that certain stem cell therapies are best excluded from such a definition as such stringent requirements and protocols encumbers access to stem cell therapies and inflates costs. Lastly, remedial measures are proposed to remedy these injustices by proposing for the institution of a specialist adivisary committee to oversee stem cell and related activities. Key Words: Regenerative Medicine; Stem Cells; Stem Cell Regulation; National Health Act; Medicines and Related Substances Control Act; Advanced Therapy Medicinal Product; Human Tissue Authority; Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority; HTA; HFEA; Medicine and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency; MHRA; European Medicines Agency; Tissue-engineered Products; Doctor-Patient Relationship; Medical Innovation Bill 2014; Experimental Treatments; Innovative Therapy; Hospital Exemption; Informed Consent; Special Exemption; Autologous Stem Cell Therapy; Stem Cell Transplants; Gene Therapy Advisory Committee.
Dissertation (LLM)--University of Pretoria, 2017.
Public Law
LLM
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Sewanyana, Livingstone. "Towards an enabling NGO regulatory framework in Uganda: comparative experiences from Eastern and Southern Africa." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/9538.

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Includes bibliographical references.
Uganda, like many other sub-Saharan African countries, has experienced a rapid increase in the number of NGOs since the 1990s. This growth can be attributed to the democratic reforms introduced by the National Resistance Movement (NRM) Government since 1986. Among these reforms was the promulgation of the Uganda Constitution, 1995, with an extensive bill of rights. The increase in NGO activities brought two important challenges: the challenge of their legitimacy and competition for political space. The Uganda Government reacted by imposing a state-led NGO regulatory framework seemingly to ensure the accountability and transparency of NGOs. This thesis investigates the existing regulatory models for NGOs and explores possible reforms to establish an appropriate NGO regulatory framework that upholds internationally accepted human rights principles in Uganda. The thesis investigates these issues within the historical context of Uganda and Africa in general, as well as theories of democracies that stresses participation, accountability and respect for individual liberties, in particular, the right to freedom of association. The thesis concludes that the regulatory framework of NGOs in Uganda does not meet the basic requirements for the right to freedom of association as provided in Uganda's Constitution, and the international and regional human rights treaties to which Uganda is a party. The thesis finds that Uganda's NGO regulatory framework is controlling, and burdensome, and does not create a conducive environment for inclusiveness and public participation. The thesis proposes a state-NGO led regulatory model that allows for self-regulation alongside minimal state regulation of NGOs. This model would entail the establishment of an autonomous NGO regulatory authority in Uganda composed of members selected autonomously by NGOs and 'decriminalisation' of NGO activities, reducing the powers of the state-led regulatory model, and increasing the involvement of NGOs in the state-led regulatory framework.

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Singh, Ritu. "A comparative study of feature selection methodologies in a readability assessment framework for children’s literature." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1345533071.

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Chandra, Umesh 1971. "A New Framework for Classification and Comparative Study of Congestion Control Schemes of ATM Networks." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1996. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc279372/.

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In our work, we have proposed a new framework for the classification and comparative study of ATM congestion control schemes. The different aspects on which we have classified the algorithms are control theoretic approach, action and congestion notification. These three aspects present of the classification present a coherent framework on which congestion control algorithms are to be classified. Such a classification will also help in developing new algorithms.

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Ammermüller, Britta [Verfasser]. "Assessing Cost Recovery : A New Comparative Framework in Line with WFD Article 9 / Britta Ammermüller." Frankfurt : Peter Lang GmbH, Internationaler Verlag der Wissenschaften, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1042408009/34.

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23

Adams, Nicholas Marc. "Peacebuilding Theory in the Pacific Context: Towards creating a categorical framework for comparative post-conflict analysis." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Social and Political Sciences, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/2189.

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The transformation period between intrastate civil conflicts has been primarily examined within sporadic case studies. A lack of macro theory in the field of Peacebuilding has led to a predisposition towards policy-friendly academic works. The policy changes and studies that get suggested take advantage of hindsight and are often case specific. Without allowing for the variances in differing post-conflict situations the changes struggle to provide usable theoretical works. This field requires accurate comparative studies, but the dominance of micro theoretical casework has undermined any larger analysis. This thesis proposes a categorical framework for qualitative analysis of post-conflict studies and tests it within a series of conflicts in the Pacific region. Comparing the Bougainville independence conflict, Fijian coups and reoccurring violence in the Solomon Islands, the differences apparent in each case will demonstrate what changes occur for better or worse, reinforcing the need for more incorporative frameworks.

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Douillet, Mathilde. "Trade policies and agriculture in Sub-Saharan Africa : comparative analysis in a Computable General Equilibrium framework." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2012. https://spire.sciencespo.fr/notice/2441/45eb019724sn6sg9melpggksl.

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Cette thèse procède à une analyse comparative des politiques commerciales et agricoles en Afrique sub-saharienne, en se concentrant sur la cohérence des politiques pour le développement. Elle examine les politiques mises en œuvre historiquement dans la région, en les reliant à l'histoire de la pensée économique, et explore les débats sur le rôle de l'agriculture, des politiques commerciales et du recours à l'intervention publique dans les stratégies de développement. Le chapitre I analyse les principaux défis et opportunités pour le commerce agricole de l'Afrique sub-saharienne au vu de l'évolution des marchés agricoles mondiaux et des accords commerciaux en cours de négociation. Les chapitres II et III montrent l'utilité des modèles d'équilibre général calculable mondial pour comparer intégration régionale et intégration multilatérale, en considérant l' impact de ces stratégies sur le produit intérieur brut, le bien-être et la distribution sectorielle de la croissance. Le chapitre III est une étude de cas sur le Malawi. Le modèle global y est lié à un modèle national et à des enquêtes ménages, ce qui permet de comparer les effets distributifs des politiques commerciales et des politiques agricoles sur la pauvreté. Cette thèse démontre que l'intégration régionale peut apporter des gains économiques substantiels à l'Afrique sub-saharienne et promouvoir des exportations agricoles plus diversifiées et à des stades de transformation plus avancés que l'intégration multilatérale ; et que seules certaines réformes politiques permettent de réduire la pauvreté des petits agriculteurs, qui constituent la majorité des personnes pauvres et vulnérables en Afrique sub-saharienne
This dissertation aims at contributing to the comparative analysis of trade and agricultural policies in Sub-Saharan Africa from a policy coherence for development point of view. The framework is established by reviewing the policies historically implemented in the region, linking them to the history of economic thought. The debates on the role of agriculture for development and on the use of public intervention and trade policies to promote development strategies are explored justifying the need to prioritize potential policy reforms based on their impacts on agriculture and economic growth, and the choice of computable general equilibrium modeling. Chapter I highlights the main challenges and opportunities for Sub-Saharan African agricultural trade stemming from the changes in the global agricultural markets and the trade agreements currently negotiated. Chapter II and III show that global computable general equilibrium provides a useful tool to compare regional integration to multilateral integration, in terms of their impacts on gross domestic product, welfare and sectoral growth distribution. Chapter III is a case study on Malawi. The global model is linked to a national model including household data to compare the distributional impacts of trade policies and agricultural policies on poverty. This dissertation highlights that regional integration could bring substantial economic gains to Sub-Saharan Africa, together with more diversified and more processed agricultural exports than multilateral integration. Not all policy reform is found to equally reduce the poverty of the small-scale farmers, the majority of the poors and vulnerable in Sub-Saharan Africa

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Madzivhandila, Lusani T. "The higher civil service and bureaucracy: A comparative analysis of Great Britain and the' United States." University of the Western Cape, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7858.

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Magister Artium - MA
This thesis is a comparative study of the higher civil service and bureaucracy of Great Britain and the United States. The study analyzes the political framework of the British and the United States systems of governance, examples of administrative reforms in the two systems, and the impact of education, socialization, recruitment, and civil servants as policy-makers. The methodology used in this study involves longitudinal as well as cross-national comparison. In dealing with differences between Great Britain and the United States, the study concentrates on the antecedent variables (constitution, political framework, cultural and administrative reform), intermediate variables (education, socialization and recruitment procedures), and the dependant variables (status of senior civil servants as policy- makers)In the first part of the study, the constitutional allocations of political power, history and the political system in which the higher civil service and bureaucracy operate are analyzed. The purpose here is to show that the bureaucracy and the civil service do not exist in a vacuum, they are influenced by constitutional, political and cultural constraints. The second part of the thesis deals with the education, socialization and the recruitment of the higher civil servants of Great Britain and the United States. This section points to the disproportionate representation of educated, high-status officials at the top of the political and administrative hierarchy of both countries. In Britain, however, there are social traditions built into the education system. The education and recruitment process concentrates on a general approach. In the United States, on the other hand, the specialist tradition dominates the civil service. Thus, United States higher civil servants are essentially specialists. The third part of the study analyzes the impact of education, socialization and recruitment processes on the role and performance of senior civil servants as policy-makers, in both societies. It is evident that civil servants are involved in the process of policy-making and, therefore, have a political role. This is due to the intricacies of bureaucracy and the fact that civil servants relative permanency, experience and expertise gives them a vast amount of knowledge that is relevant to policy-making. The conclusions suggest that the generalist approach applied in Great Britain hampers the capability of senior civil servants when it comes to negotiating with interest groups involved in policymaking. A specialist approach applied in the United Sates should be followed .

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Fick, David. "A virtual machine framework for domain-specific languages." Diss., Pretoria : [S.n.], 2007. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-10192007-163559/.

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Kolahdouz, Rahimi Shekoufeh. "A comparative study of model transformation approaches through a systematic procedural framework and goal question metrics paradigm." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2013. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/a-comparative-study-of-model-transformation-approaches-through-a-systematic-procedural-framework-and-goal-question-metrics-paradigm(c0ff8ef8-2027-495c-a86f-b1c7493cdba7).html.

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Model Driven Engineering has become a key Software Engineering approach, which aims at improving the cost-effectiveness and reusability of software by capturing the essential semantics of systems in models. By means of model transformations, these models can be analysed, improved, and mapped to executable implementations in a variety of languages and platforms. A large number of different transformation languages and tools, ranging from graph theoretic to relational, hybrid and imperative exist across the research community. A key problem in the current state of Model Driven Engineering is the lack of guidelines and techniques for measuring or improving transformation quality. This thesis addresses this problem by defining a transformation quality framework based on the ISO/IEC 9126 international software quality standard. The framework is validated on different transformation languages using diverse case studies. The case studies highlight the problems with the specification and design of particular categories of model transformation, and provide challenging examples by which model transformation languages and approaches can be compared. The evaluation procedure provides clear guidelines for suitability of selected transformation approaches on specific transformation problem by identifying the advantage and disadvantage of each approach.

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Åhlund, Hanna. "A comparative study of embodied and operational environmental impact of a multifamily building with different framework materials." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för tillämpad fysik och elektronik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-172655.

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The different life cycle phases of a building account for different amounts of environmental impact. During the past years the operational energy use in the building and construction sector has been reduced whilst relative and absolute embodied impact has increased. To reduce the overall environmental impact, design and material choices have to be optimized in relation to the energy use. The performed study aims to enhance more environmentally conscious decision-making in the building and construction sector by increasing awareness and knowledge about the environmental impact from life cycle phases of a building as well as different framework materials. Three different designs of a typical Swedish multifamily building have been analyzed in the study. The case building has a concrete frame. The two alternative designs are based on the case building but has lower energy use. In addition, one of the alternative designs has a cross laminated timber frame. They were all analyzed in terms of embodied and operational environmental impact, expressed as carbon dioxide equivalents per heated area. A simulation model of the case building, calibrated with measured data, was implemented to calculate the operational energy use of the designs. The embodied emissions were calculated for the enclosing and load bearing structures. The results show that both alternative designs have lower environmental impact than the original state of the case building. The construction with wooden frame has approximately 30 % less embodied emissions compared to the original state. Concrete has the largest share of the total embodied emissions and choosing product specific concrete can yield a reduction in embodied emissions of more than 9 %. Sensitivity analysis of the operational energy show a significant difference in the results depending on approach and system boundaries. A future scenario of operational energy result in increased relative contribution of embodied environmental impact.
En byggnads livscykelskeden har olika miljöpåverkan. I bygg- och anläggningssektorn har den operativa energianvändningen reducerats under de senaste åren. Den relativa och absoluta inbyggda påverkan har däremot ökat. För att minska den totala miljöpåverkan behöver byggnaders design och material optimeras i relation till energianvändningen. Den genomförda studien syftar till att öka miljömedvetet beslutsfattande i bygg- och anläggningssektorn genom att öka medvetenheten och kunskapen om miljöpåverkan från en byggnads olika livscykelskeden och om olika stommaterial. I studien analyseras tre olika designer av ett typiskt svenskt flerbostadshus. Referenshuset har en betongstomme. De två alternativa designerna är baserade på referenshuset men har lägre operativ energianvändning. Den ena av de två alternativa designerna har dessutom en stomme i korslimmat trä. Samtliga utföranden analyserades i termer av inbyggd miljöpåverkan och operativa energianvändningens miljöpåverkan, uttryckt som koldioxidekvivalenter per uppvärmd area. En simuleringsmodell av referenshuset kalibrerad med mätdata implementerades för att beräkna de olika designernas operativa energianvändning. De inbyggda utsläppen beräknades för husets omslutande byggnadsdelar och bärande strukturer. Resultaten visar att båda alternativa designer har lägre miljöpåverkan än originalutförandet av referenshuset. Konstruktionen med trästomme har cirka 30 % lägre inbyggda utsläpp jämfört med originalutförandet. De inbyggda utsläppen kommer till största del från betongen och ett produktspecifikt val av betong kan leda till en reduktion av dessa utsläpp med över 9 %. Känslighetsanalys av operativa fasen visar en signifikant skillnad beroende på vilken metod och vilka systemgränser som används. Ett framtidsscenario för operativa energianvändningen visar en ökad relativ påverkan från den inbyggda miljöpåverkan.

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Misha, Kiti. "The Human Non-Human Boundary in 'Dune' – An Ontological Reading through a Comparative Nietzschean and Transhuman Framework." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-23893.

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In Frank Herbert’s Dune Saga, we find a transhumanist and Nietzschean argument about the evolution of humans achieved as a result of the triggering effect of the Butlerian Jihad against thinking machines. I claim that the metamorphoses of the selected characters reflect the central tenants of the transformation of Nietzsche’s overhuman, or transhumanism’s posthuman. By extending these metamorphoses to include the standpoint of a fictional counterpart such as Dune’s Kwisatz Haderach, this study claims that in Science Fiction we find a possible ground for conceptualizing difficult problems that deal with the future of humanity. This investigation into the need to overcome the human condition will be held in order to see what drives human enhancement, what triggers the need for change, and how this enhancement is realised. Moreover, I claim that the Dune Saga dramatizes a future scenario that furthers the discussion on what is human by questioning the boundary between human and nonhuman.

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Gaál, Bettina. "Implementation of Sutainability Reporting in the EU - A Comparative Case Study." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-388677.

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The European Union has since the 1970s shifted their focus towards environmental policies and today they aim at the adequate implementation of environmental sustainability initiatives across all member states. The process of the implementation of sustainability reporting and corporate social responsibility (CSR) and the achievement of the SDGs require a multilevel governance paradigm-shift, provides a framework for all involved parties to act and perform accordingly. The Directive 2014/95/EU on non-financial and diversity reporting is an incentive to achieve higher environmental, social and economic sustainability and transparency amongst European corporations. However, deriving from the nature of a directive, it does not offer a clear guideline to follow nor actual legislative guidance. Even though directives are mandatory to be implemented in national legislation, the way and form of it may vary to a great extent due to the fact that it is sufficient for the EU if the directive is translated into the countries’ law. This, however, results in different levels of efficiency and performance in different countries.This research contributes to the understanding of the implementation of environmental EU directives with the goal of achieving sustainable development within the EU member states. Throughout a multilevel governance and deductive approach, the comparative case study highlights the differences and identifies leverage points for policy makers and future research to develop common best practices for such purposes.In order to answer the research question Why do countries perform in significantly different ways within the field of sustainability, given they are all following the same directives issued by the EU?, the comparison of the two selected countries, Hungary and Sweden was conducted through two sub-questions, which aimed at identifying the differences and similarities in their governance framework to reach the SDGs and legislation following the Directive 2014/94/EU. In conclusion, clear differences can be identified between the countries’ political commitment, integrational and holistic approach of sustainability into policy-making and; and the “extra mile” and commitment that Sweden manifested to improving the sustainability and transparency level of corporations in applying stricter measures in national legislation following the Directive 2014/95/EU and handling sustainability as a concept as a crucial, essential and integrated part of life.

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Korniat, Elizabeth, and Thomas Wehner. "Motivations of Middle Managers for Implementing Change in IT : A Comparative Analysis of the United States and Sweden." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-166979.

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The purpose of the study is to examine the motivating factors of IT middle managers who work on implementing change in their organizations. The study will be based on a framework of knowledge to assess a comparative analysis of motivation. Previous research mostly focuses on motivating employees through a manager’s choice of theories; there is little research done from a middle management focus especially on the motivation within the IT industry, motivation in relation to levels of management, and how countries may compare to each other with motivation. While it may be evident that motivations will differ, it will be difficult to prove that motivators are affected by their institutional frameworks. Conducted interviews will aid in understanding and analysing how these individuals motivate themselves either intrinsically or extrinsically and come to discuss how several factors led to such results. The study gap in this area may help in understanding IT middle managers willingness to continue working on change projects as well as create conclusions that top management may find useful in motivating those left to carry out their goals.

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Johansson, Andreas, and Erik Lindmark. "Generational attitudes towards sexual advertisement : A comparative study between Sweden and South Korea." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för marknadsföring (MF), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-105203.

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To break through the clutter of advertisements, some advertisers uses sexual appeal as a technique to increase visibility and sales. The purpose of this study is to examine, from a Swedish and South Korean perspective, how the attitude towards sexual appeal in advertising differ between generations. Culture and age has been proven to be factors affecting attitude towards advertisements, and previous research has found that the attitude towards sexual appeal in advertising between Swedish and South Korean university students only differed slightly. To examine the attitudes, data was collected through a questionnaire. The results suggest that the attitudes of each age group are generally rather similar, regardless of culture. Ages 18 to 30 showed most negativity towards sexual appeal in advertisements.

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Krotosky, Stephen Justin. "On using multiperspective color and thermal infrared videos to detect people issues, computational framework, algorithms and comparative analysis /." Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2007. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3274517.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego, 2007.
Title from first page of PDF file (viewed October 4, 2007). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 123-128).

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Vercher, Noguera Antonio. "British and Spanish measures to deal with terrorism : a comparative study, with some reference to the EEC framework." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.330131.

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Franco-Montoya, Diana. "The regulatory framework of the newly privatised electricity companies - a comparative study of the Chilean and British cases." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.620183.

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De, Bruyn Christoffel Wilhelmus. "A comparative analysis of the projects undertaken in the development of a taxation framework in the digital economy." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/20795.

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The objective of this comparative paper is to analyse and compare the work undertaken by the OECD's TFDE and the DTC on the taxation of the digital economy in light of the overarching project on BEPS, with a view of analysing the possible application of the proposed options to address the tax challenges of the digital economy in the South African taxation framework.

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Tan, Karin Yu Mian. "Health claims on food products in South East Asia : a comparative study on regulatory framework and consumer understanding." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/3752.

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Health claims on food products facilitate communication of nutritional benefit of food products for the food industry and require regulatory approval. The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) aims to achieve free movement of goods under the formation of ASEAN Economic Community in 2015. Little is published about the structure and processes underpinning the regulatory frameworks for health claims on food in Southeast Asia (SEA) and the Asian consumers’ understanding of health claims. The research topic of this thesis is on the health claims on food products in SEA. The aim of the thesis is to develop clear situation awareness of how the information flow through the existing regulatory frameworks in SEA effectively communicates understanding to the consumers. The objectives were, firstly, to review the existing regulations/ guidelines on health claims in SEA and major jurisdictions; secondly, to investigate the current practices and perspectives and the understanding of health claims in SEA through (a) semi-structured interviews with 15 key stakeholders and (b) focus groups among 48 Asian mothers in three SEA countries. There were inconsistencies in the regulations and the types of evidence required for health claims application among the five SEA countries which currently have health claims regulations/ guidelines in place. An analysis of the interviews among the key stakeholders yielded similar thinking and distinct perspectives on the challenges they faced. The mothers recalled and trusted health claims on products but lacked full understanding of the functions of the nutrients. The factors affecting the understanding on health claims among the mothers were identified. The findings suggest that in order to ensure consumer confidence and understanding of health claims, active engagement with all key stakeholders together with consumer education efforts via public-private partnerships will be required in the future. A conceptual harmonised regulatory framework was proposed to bridge the gaps between the regulatory frameworks for health claims in SEA. This research provides clear direction for food industry and the regulatory community to better support innovation to increase trade in SEA region and insights to develop effective consumer communication.

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Warme, Geoffrey Todd. "The explication and application of a homeostatic shift framework to place conditioning measures during ethanol withdrawal." Oklahoma City : [s.n.], 2006.

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Lamprinakou, Chrysa. "The party evolution framework : an integrated approach to examining the development of party communications and campaigns." Thesis, Brunel University, 2010. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/4404.

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Existing theories of party organisation, and political communication and marketing, address the issue of party evolution and electoral behaviour from opposing and largely one-dimensional angles. The purpose of this thesis is to develop a more integrated perspective to party campaigning that goes beyond the traditional approaches of party behaviour and present the relationship between intra-party organisation and campaign evolution in a new light. The party evolution approach is an alternative conceptual framework of party campaigning, which integrates the classic approaches of party organisation with the modern accounts of political communication and marketing while taking into consideration the institutional and ideological constraints of political parties. The main aim is to bridge the worlds of marketing and politics by offering a distinct perspective that integrates elements of a party’s innate political identity and readdressing the notion of party communications professionalisation within the wider context of party evolution process. To this end, the employment of consumer marketing techniques and approaches in party campaigning is not considered a means to the end of electoral success but an integrated element of the party’s evolving identity. The intention is that the Party Evolution Framework be used as a tool for comparative analysis. The holistic and integrated scope of the framework is likely to qualify its application to a cross-section of democracies, regardless of their party and electoral systems, campaign regulations, and historical, socio-economic and political landscape. To this end, the present thesis illustrates the use of the party evolution framework in two largely contrasting contexts; British and Greek politics.

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Banerjee, Shantanu. "Determinants of International Competitiveness: A Comparative Study of the Sugar Industry in Australia, Brazil, and the European Union." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2005. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/16032/1/Shantanu_Banerjee_Thesis.pdf.

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The dissertation involves an investigation into the circumstances of international competitiveness and how it is pursued by firms from different sugar producing and marketing nations. Understanding of competitiveness has primarily been pursued in terms of economic variables and market conditions. The roles of the government, the socio-cultural-political context in international business, and their effects on competitiveness have largely been ignored. This study integrates perspectives from strategic management, the resource-based view of the firm, and international business to propose a conceptual framework of international competitiveness. The work advances understanding of competitiveness in international business in two ways. First, it develops a conceptual framework that captures the socio-political element of a nation's industry and the crucial role it plays in achieving international competitiveness. Second, it combines firm, industry, strategy, and socio-political influences. Those are involved in a multi-level hierarchical process between firms, industry and the nation that effectively generates competitiveness. The dissertation employs a qualitative method of comparative analysis between Australia, Brazil and the European Union, which are the three dominant sugar producing and exporting economies in the world. A series of propositions are presented on the four identified influences on international competitiveness. How firms from different nations pursue these is highlighted. After considering the varied approaches for attaining international competitiveness, implications for further research and for theory, policy and practice are outlined.

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Banerjee, Shantanu. "Determinants of International Competitiveness: A Comparative Study of the Sugar Industry in Australia, Brazil, and the European Union." Queensland University of Technology, 2005. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16032/.

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The dissertation involves an investigation into the circumstances of international competitiveness and how it is pursued by firms from different sugar producing and marketing nations. Understanding of competitiveness has primarily been pursued in terms of economic variables and market conditions. The roles of the government, the socio-cultural-political context in international business, and their effects on competitiveness have largely been ignored. This study integrates perspectives from strategic management, the resource-based view of the firm, and international business to propose a conceptual framework of international competitiveness. The work advances understanding of competitiveness in international business in two ways. First, it develops a conceptual framework that captures the socio-political element of a nation's industry and the crucial role it plays in achieving international competitiveness. Second, it combines firm, industry, strategy, and socio-political influences. Those are involved in a multi-level hierarchical process between firms, industry and the nation that effectively generates competitiveness. The dissertation employs a qualitative method of comparative analysis between Australia, Brazil and the European Union, which are the three dominant sugar producing and exporting economies in the world. A series of propositions are presented on the four identified influences on international competitiveness. How firms from different nations pursue these is highlighted. After considering the varied approaches for attaining international competitiveness, implications for further research and for theory, policy and practice are outlined.

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Lim, Eun-Cheon [Verfasser], and Detlef [Akademischer Betreuer] Weigel. "A large-scale computational framework for comparative analyses in population genetics and metagenomics / Eun-Cheon Lim ; Betreuer: Detlef Weigel." Tübingen : Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1164018094/34.

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Murphy, Emily. "Themyth of 'soft power counterterrorism': A comparative historical framework evaluating deradicalization and countering violent extremism programs in the West." Thesis, Boston College, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/bc-ir:109016.

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Thesis advisor: Jonathan Laurence
In the decade following the September 11, 2001 attacks on the United States, global focus has shifted towards analyzing how to combat terrorism. "Countering Violent Extremism" policies, or CVE, emerged as a means to combat the growing threat of extremist attacks against Western and Western-backed governments around the world. CVE promotes the use of deradicalization and integration techniques to develop trust in communities considered "at-risk" of becoming radicalized and executing extremist attacks. Problematically, CVE policies have been adopted and adored without having been scrutinized. I consider three historical cases of policies very similar to CVE, in France, Great Britain, and the United States, and analyze how CVE may distract from a concerning trend towards immigration, law enforcement, and military action instead of meaningful engagement
Thesis (BA) — Boston College, 2017
Submitted to: Boston College. College of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: Departmental Honors
Discipline: Politicaql Science

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Hoath, Leigh Jane. "A framework for understanding the distinctive characteristics of an outdoor setting pedagogy : a comparative primary education case study approach." Thesis, Sheffield Hallam University, 2015. http://shura.shu.ac.uk/18459/.

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This thesis examines the characteristics of an effective pedagogy in the outdoor setting in the primary age phase o f schooling. It explores teachers’ practice with a tight focus on teaching rather than learning. The two participating schools were comparable in terms of city centre locations, number of pupils on roll and Ofsted Inspection outcomes, but differed in that one supported an established and dedicated approach to using the outdoor setting whereas the other made more ad hoc use of the outdoors for teaching. The study was conducted over an eighteen month period. Observations of teaching inside in the classroom and within the school grounds took place alongside interviews with teaching staff and the Senior Leadership Teams. The data from the two schools were compared and contrasted using Nvivo as a tool for supporting data management and analysis. Drawing on a range of theoretical perspectives such as Bernstein’s (1981) recognition and realisation rules and Aikenhead’s border crossing (1997, 2001) this analysis produced five distinct characteristics of teaching in the outdoor setting. These five characteristics highlight the importance of supporting transitions across the boundary between the classroom and outdoor setting and vice versa, making frequent use of the outdoors and preparing children both physiologically and psychologically before leaving the classroom. There is also the suggestion that transition back into the classroom requires management in a similar manner. The study contributes to the research base in this field by applying the concept of Bernstein’s weaker framing to the framework for effective pedagogy as a means of explaining changes in children and teachers’ dialogue between the classroom and outdoor setting and supporting better practice. It also utilises Vygotsky’s Zone of Proximal Development and More Knowledgeable Other as a means of translating the characteristics emerging from this study into practice. Implications for practice are presented and these suggest the distinct characteristics emerging from this study are important as the National Curriculum for England includes specific detail of where there are opportunities for teaching outside the classroom. The thesis also proposes the pedagogical framework of characteristics developed in this study offers potential for other age-phases and educational settings beyond the primary school as well as within Initial Teacher Education.

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Teriman, Suharto. "Measuring neighbourhood sustainability : a comparative analysis of residential types in Malaysia." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2012. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/54679/1/Suharto_Teriman_Thesis.pdf.

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The expansion of city-regions, the increase in the standard of living and changing lifestyles have collectively led to an increase in housing demand. New residential areas are encroaching onto the city fringes including suburban and green field areas. Large and small developers are actively building houses ranging from a few blocks to master-planned style projects. These residential developments, particularly in major urban areas, represent a large portion of urban land use in Malaysia, and, thus, have become a major contributor to overall urban sustainability. There are three main types that comprise the mainstream, and form integral parts to contemporary urban residential developments, namely, subdivision developments, piecemeal developments, and master-planned developments. Many new master-planned developments market themselves as environmentally friendly, and provide layouts that encompass sustainable design and development. To date, however, there have been limited studies conducted to examine such claims or to ascertain which of these three residential development layouts is more sustainable. To fill this gap, this research was undertaken to develop a framework for assessing the level of sustainability of residential developments, focusing on their layouts at the neighbourhood level. The development of this framework adopted a mixed method research strategy and embedded research design to achieve the study aim and objectives. Data were collected from two main sources, where quantitative data were gathered from a three-round Delphi survey and spatial data from a layout plan. Sample respondents for surveys were selected from among experts in the field of the built environment, both from Malaysia and internationally. As for spatial data, three case studies – master-planned, piecemeal and subdivision developments representing different types of neighbourhood developments in Malaysia have been selected. Prior to application on the case studies, the appropriate framework was subjected to validation to ascertain its robustness for application in Malaysia. Following the application of the framework on the three case studies the results revealed that master-planned development scored a better level of sustainability compared to piecemeal and subdivision developments. The results generated from this framework are expected to provide evidence to the policy makers and development agencies as well as provide an awareness of the level of sustainability and the necessary collective efforts required for developing sustainable neighbourhoods. Continuous assessment can facilitate a comparison of sustainability over time for neighbourhoods as a means to monitor changes in the level of sustainability. In addition, the framework is able to identify any particular indicator (issue) that causes a significant impact on sustainability.

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Petro, Elizabeth Mary. "A comparative analysis of the subsurface stratigraphic framework to the geomorphic evolution of the Caillou Bay Headland, south-central Louisiana." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2005. http://louisdl.louislibraries.org/u?/NOD,215.

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Thesis (M.S.)--University of New Orleans, 2005.
Title from electronic submission form. "A thesis ... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Dept. of Geology and Geophysics"--Thesis t.p. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

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Manjavacas, Sneesby Patricia. "A comparative study of metonymies and metaphors with hand in English, German and Spanish, within the framework of cognitive linguistics /." Aachen : Shaker, 2009. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=018769623&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.

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Zainal, abidin Saidatul Akmar. "Testing spoken language using computer technology : a comparative validation study of 'live' and computer delivered test versions using Weir's framework." Thesis, University of Roehampton, 2006. https://pure.roehampton.ac.uk/portal/en/studentthesis/testing-spoken-language-using-computer-technology(e4df5453-0287-4283-8ff7-259caa6a81e3).html.

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Gouseti, Anastasia. "A comparative investigation of the use of digital technologies to facilitate school collaboration within the framework of the eTwinning programme." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2012. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10020652/.

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This thesis looks at how digital technologies can create opportunities for online collaboration across schools within the framework of the eTwinning programme, an EU initiative that seeks to promote web-based learning and collaboration between schools across Europe. A socio-technical approach was employed, focusing on the role of social context in shaping the technology use surrounding the eTwinning activities. This 'social shaping of technology' approach allowed exploration of the range of social actors and factors that influence the implementation of digital technologies for school collaboration at micro, meso and macro levels of analysis. Through a comparative, qualitative case study of four different eTwinning projects in the UK and Greece, this thesis investigates how digital technologies such as wikis, blogs and discussion forums were used as online collaborative environments. Data collection took place during the course of the academic year 2009-2010, consisting of semi-structured individual and group interviews alongside classroom observations and online documentary analysis. The findings suggest that students' and teachers' use of digital technologies and, in particular web 2.0 tools, was influenced by a range of social issues relating to the wider school context. As such the tools per se did not lead to noticeable changes in practice - especially regarding collaborative activity. Specifically, all four case study projects were bounded by wider settings and factors such as time, resourcing, assessment regimes and 'fit' with curriculum. This thesis argues that amidst the enthusiasm that surrounds digital technologies in education, there is a pressing need for more critical consideration of the socially and institutionally shaped realities of use. The thesis concludes with a range of suggestions for the future improvement of such web-based collaborative initiatives.

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Lee, Seung Eun. "Policy framework in telecommunications mergers and acquisitions a comparative analysis of merger review of the FCC and the DOJ/FTC /." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2005. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0010813.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Comparative framework'

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