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Journal articles on the topic 'Comparative Immunology/Evolution'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 5 June 2025

Last updated: 2 August 2025

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1

Jacobson, Amanda C., and John H. Weis. "Comparative Functional Evolution of Human and Mouse CR1 and CR2." Journal of Immunology 181, no. 5 (2008): 2953–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.181.5.2953.

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2

Aubert, Arnaud. "Invertebrate studies and the evolution of comparative psychoneuroimmunology." Brain, Behavior, and Immunity 21, no. 3 (2007): 290–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2007.01.006.

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3

Young, Matthew, and Michael Criscitiello. "Demonstrating the immune response of D. rerio using keyhole limpet hemocyanin (EDU1P.249)." Journal of Immunology 192, no. 1_Supplement (2014): 49.3. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.192.supp.49.3.

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Abstract In this project, immunization of a model aquatic organism is used in the classroom to facilitate understanding of molecular biology, evolution and the vertebrate adaptive immune system. Molecular immunoglobulin and T cell receptor cloning, sequencing and repertoire analysis techniques that I learned in the Criscitiello Comparative Immunogenetics Lab at Texas A&M this summer were applied to analysis of the lymphocyte antigen receptor repertoire in zebrafish. Students at A&M Consolidated High School performed experiments to quantify and qualify various aspects of the immune resp

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Garnier, R., R. Ramos, V. Staszewski, et al. "Maternal antibody persistence: a neglected life-history trait with implications from albatross conservation to comparative immunology." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 279, no. 1735 (2011): 2033–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2011.2277.

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The evolution of different life-history strategies has been suggested as a major force constraining physiological mechanisms such as immunity. In some long-lived oviparous species, a prolonged persistence of maternal antibodies in offspring could thus be expected in order to protect them over their long growth period. Here, using an intergenerational vaccination design, we show that specific maternal antibodies can display an estimated half-life of 25 days post-hatching in the nestlings of a long-lived bird. This temporal persistence is much longer than previously known for birds and it sugges

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Ota, Yuko, Vladimir Krylov, Tereza Tlapakova, and Martin Flajnik. "Genomic evolution of the B7 family (63.28)." Journal of Immunology 186, no. 1_Supplement (2011): 63.28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.186.supp.63.28.

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Abstract B7 ligands are expressed by different cell types and interact with receptors on T cells to generate signals required for immunoregulation. All B7 members have structurally distinct domains in the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF). Some variable (V) domains of B7 ligands contain an ancestral, so-called “VJ” IgSF domain, while some constant (C) domains are of the “C1-type,” a rare form found primarily in molecules associated with adaptive immunity. Phylogenetic analysis had suggested a relationship between the V domains of B7 and MHC-linked tapasin (TAPBP), suggesting that they share a

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Ota, Yuko, and Martin Flajnik. "Comparative analysis of Xenopus immune-related genes (43.22)." Journal of Immunology 184, no. 1_Supplement (2010): 43.22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.184.supp.43.22.

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Abstract Evolutionarily, Xenopus species shared a common ancestor with humans ~350 million years ago, and it is one of the high connectivity animals linking mammals to lower vertebrate taxa. Through an in silico approach, we have uncovered many new genes that have important roles in the Xenopus immune system and have analyzed their syntenic relationships relative to other vertebrates. We found that, in contrast to teleost fish, the genomic synteny is remarkably similar between the human and Xenopus, yet in some cases apparent ancestral syntenies can be still found only in the Xenopus genome. W

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Harton, Jonathan, Travis Fuchs, and Maninjay Atianand. "Rapid evolution of a primate-restricted inflammasome regulator (43.25)." Journal of Immunology 184, no. 1_Supplement (2010): 43.25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.184.supp.43.25.

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Abstract Pyrin-only protein 2 (POP2) is a small protein consisting solely of a pyrin domain capable of inhibiting IL-1β processing by preventing inflammasome assembly. Comparative genomic analysis reveals that POP2 is absent from the genomes of not only mice and rats, but those of other domestic mammals and new world monkeys as well. However, POP2 is present in the genomes of those primate species most closely related to humans. Interestingly, chimpanzee POP2 is identical to human POP2 at both the DNA and protein level but macaque POP2, although highly conserved, is not. Our analysis demonstra

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8

Fingeroth, J. D. "Comparative structure and evolution of murine CR2. The homolog of the human C3d/EBV receptor (CD21)." Journal of Immunology 144, no. 9 (1990): 3458–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.144.9.3458.

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Abstract The complete nucleotide sequence of murine complement receptor type 2 (CR2) was determined from two overlapping cDNA clones derived from a lambda gt11 library of late pre-B cell origin. Comparison of the predicted sequence of the 1014 amino acid murine homolog with that of human CR2 revealed marked evolutionary conservation. The murine molecule was 65% identical to human CR2 overall, lacking a single repetitive sequence variably present in man. The 15 approximately 60-75 amino acid short consensus repeats (SCR) that constitute the entire extracellular domain of murine CR2 were 53 to 8

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9

Lucchini, Sacha, Frank Desiere, and Harald Brüssow. "Comparative Genomics of Streptococcus thermophilus Phage Species Supports a Modular Evolution Theory." Journal of Virology 73, no. 10 (1999): 8647–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.73.10.8647-8656.1999.

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ABSTRACT The comparative analysis of five completely sequencedStreptococcus thermophilus bacteriophage genomes demonstrated that their diversification was achieved by a combination of DNA recombination events and an accumulation of point mutations. The five phages included lytic and temperate phages, both pacsite and cos site, from three distinct geographical areas. The units of genetic exchange were either large, comprising the entire morphogenesis gene cluster, excluding the putative tail fiber genes, or small, consisting of one or maximally two genes or even segments of a gene. Many indels

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10

Stefano, George B. "Conformational matching a stabilizing signal system factor during evolution: Additional evidence in comparative neuroimmunology." Advances in Neuroimmunology 1, no. 1 (1991): 71–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0960-5428(06)80033-1.

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11

Zhu, Xinyan, Shenglan Wang, Mingjie Shao, Jie Yan, and Fei Liu. "The origin and evolution of Basigin(BSG) gene: A comparative genomic and phylogenetic analysis." Developmental & Comparative Immunology 72 (July 2017): 79–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dci.2017.02.007.

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12

MASI, ALFONSE T., and THOMAS A. MEDSGER. "Progress in the Evolution of Systemic Sclerosis Classification Criteria and Recommendation for Additional Comparative Specificity Studies." Journal of Rheumatology 42, no. 1 (2015): 8–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3899/jrheum.141020.

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13

Padler-Karavani, Vered, Nancy Hurtado-Ziola, Andrea Verhagen, et al. "Rapid evolution of the binding specificities and expression patterns of CD33-related Siglecs in primates (181.4)." Journal of Immunology 188, no. 1_Supplement (2012): 181.4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.188.supp.181.4.

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Abstract Siglecs (Sialic acid-binding Immunoglobulin-like Lectins) are vertebrate sialic acid (Sia) binding proteins mostly expressed in hematopoietic and immune cells. They are type-I proteins with an extracellular N-terminal Sia-binding Ig-like V-set domain, one or more C2-set Ig-like domains, a transmembrane domain and a C-terminal cytoplasmic tail. CD33-related Siglecs (CD33rSiglecs) are a genetically clustered subgroup. Prior comparative genomic analysis indicated accelerated evolution of CD33rSiglecs selectively occurring in the Sia-binding V-set domain, suggesting that this domain is un

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14

Kondo, Mizuho, Takako Maruoka, Noriyuki Otsuka, et al. "Comparative genomic analysis of mammalian NKG2D ligand family genes provides insights into their origin and evolution." Immunogenetics 62, no. 7 (2010): 441–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00251-010-0438-z.

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15

Jang, Jinhwa, and Se-Eun Bae. "Comparative Co-Evolution Analysis Between the HA and NA Genes of Influenza A Virus." Virology: Research and Treatment 9 (January 1, 2018): 1178122X1878832. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1178122x18788328.

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Influenza A virus subtypes are determined based on envelope proteins encoded by the hemagglutinin (HA) gene and the neuraminidase (NA) gene, which are involved in attachment to the host, pathogenicity, and progeny production. Here, we evaluated such differences through co-evolution analysis between the HA and NA genes based on subtype and host. Event-based cophylogeny analysis revealed that humans had higher cospeciation values than avian. In particular, the yearly ML phylogenetic trees for the H1N1 and H3N2 subtypes in humans displayed similar topologies between the two genes in humans. Subst

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Eden, John-Sebastian, John Kovaliski, Janine A. Duckworth, et al. "Comparative Phylodynamics of Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Virus in Australia and New Zealand." Journal of Virology 89, no. 18 (2015): 9548–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.01100-15.

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ABSTRACTThe introduction of rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV) into Australia and New Zealand during the 1990s as a means of controlling feral rabbits is an important case study in viral emergence. Both epidemics are exceptional in that the founder viruses share an origin and the timing of their release is known, providing a unique opportunity to compare the evolution of a single virus in distinct naive populations. We examined the evolution and spread of RHDV in Australia and New Zealand through a genome-wide evolutionary analysis, including data from 28 newly sequenced RHDV field isolat

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Hinnebusch, B. Joseph, Iman Chouikha, and Yi-Cheng Sun. "Ecological Opportunity, Evolution, and the Emergence of Flea-Borne Plague." Infection and Immunity 84, no. 7 (2016): 1932–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.00188-16.

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The plague bacillusYersinia pestisis unique among the pathogenicEnterobacteriaceaein utilizing an arthropod-borne transmission route. Transmission by fleabite is a recent evolutionary adaptation that followed the divergence ofY. pestisfrom the closely related food- and waterborne enteric pathogenYersinia pseudotuberculosis. A combination of population genetics, comparative genomics, and investigations ofYersinia-flea interactions have disclosed the important steps in the evolution and emergence ofY. pestisas a flea-borne pathogen. Only a few genetic changes, representing both gene gain by late

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Sutoh, Yoichi, Mizuho Kondo, Yuko Ohta та ін. "Comparative genomic analysis of the proteasome β5t subunit gene: implications for the origin and evolution of thymoproteasomes". Immunogenetics 64, № 1 (2011): 49–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00251-011-0558-0.

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19

Boon, D., J. E. Mahar, E. J. Abente, et al. "Comparative Evolution of GII.3 and GII.4 Norovirus over a 31-Year Period." Journal of Virology 85, no. 17 (2011): 8656–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.00472-11.

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20

Choisy, Marc, Christopher H. Woelk, Jean-François Guégan, and David L. Robertson. "Comparative Study of Adaptive Molecular Evolution in Different Human Immunodeficiency Virus Groups and Subtypes." Journal of Virology 78, no. 4 (2004): 1962–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.78.4.1962-1970.2004.

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ABSTRACT Molecular adaptation, as characterized by the detection of positive selection, was quantified in a number of genes from different human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) group M subtypes, group O, and an HIV-2 subtype using the codon-based maximum-likelihood method of Yang and coworkers (Z. H. Yang, R. Nielsen, N. Goldman, and A. M. K. Pedersen, Genetics 155:431-449, 2000). The env gene was investigated further since it exhibited the strongest signal for positive selection compared to those of the other two major HIV genes (gag and pol). In order to investigate the pattern of adap

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Choisy, Marc, Christopher H. Woelk, Jean-François Guégan, and David L. Robertson. "Comparative Study of Adaptive Molecular Evolution in Different Human Immunodeficiency Virus Groups and Subtypes." Journal of Virology 78, no. 8 (2004): 4381–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.78.8.4381-4382.2004.

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22

Yan, Jie, Lingxiao Xu, Yan Zhang, et al. "Comparative genomic and phylogenetic analyses of the intelectin gene family: Implications for their origin and evolution." Developmental & Comparative Immunology 41, no. 2 (2013): 189–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dci.2013.04.016.

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23

Othman, M. M. Kifah Ali. "The historical dialectic between the ideal Hegel and material Marx A comparative study." ALUSTATH JOURNAL FOR HUMAN AND SOCIAL SCIENCES 223, no. 2 (2018): 611–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.36473/ujhss.v223i2.361.

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The dialectic or (Controversy) is one of the most important subjects of controversy around several times. We find in Plato, Aristotle included different meanings, each according to his philosophy and that's what I've ever had in this first section.Dialectical returned by Hegel to acquire new meaning and deep Velsvs still so far used contemporary philosophers, Alhegela The debate is an experience of a special kind, absolute perfect experience trying to track the transformations first, "Powell This was the second topic.The same approach dialectical Hegel but away from materialism and idealism pu

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24

Fujisawa, Tomochika, Alfried P. Vogler, and Timothy G. Barraclough. "Ecology has contrasting effects on genetic variation within species versus rates of molecular evolution across species in water beetles." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 282, no. 1799 (2015): 20142476. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2014.2476.

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Comparative analysis is a potentially powerful approach to study the effects of ecological traits on genetic variation and rate of evolution across species. However, the lack of suitable datasets means that comparative studies of correlates of genetic traits across an entire clade have been rare. Here, we use a large DNA-barcode dataset (5062 sequences) of water beetles to test the effects of species ecology and geographical distribution on genetic variation within species and rates of molecular evolution across species. We investigated species traits predicted to influence their genetic chara

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Rawlings, Douglas E., and Erhard Tietze. "Comparative Biology of IncQ and IncQ-Like Plasmids." Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews 65, no. 4 (2001): 481–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mmbr.65.4.481-496.2001.

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SUMMARY Plasmids belonging to Escherichia coli incompatibility group Q are relatively small (approximately 5 to 15 kb) and able to replicate in a remarkably broad range of bacterial hosts. These include gram-positive bacteria such as Brevibacterium and Mycobacterium and gram-negative bacteria such as Agrobacterium, Desulfovibrio, and cyanobacteria. These plasmids are mobilized by several self-transmissible plasmids into an even more diverse range of organisms including yeasts, plants, and animal cells. IncQ plasmids are thus highly promiscuous. Recently, several IncQ-like plasmids have been is

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Kondo, Mizuho, Takako Maruoka, Noriyuki Otsuka, et al. "Erratum to: Comparative genomic analysis of mammalian NKG2D ligand family genes provides insights into their origin and evolution." Immunogenetics 62, no. 7 (2010): 489–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00251-010-0454-z.

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Kondo, Mizuho, Takako Maruoka, Noriyuki Otsuka, et al. "Erratum to: Comparative genomic analysis of mammalian NKG2D ligand family genes provides insights into their origin and evolution." Immunogenetics 62, no. 10 (2010): 709–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00251-010-0471-y.

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Kulski, Jerzy K., Takashi Shiina, Tatsuya Anzai, Sakae Kohara, and Hidetoshi Inoko. "Comparative genomic analysis of the MHC: the evolution of class I duplication blocks, diversity and complexity from shark to man." Immunological Reviews 190, no. 1 (2002): 95–122. http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-065x.2002.19008.x.

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29

Collier, Katie, Balthasar Bickel, Carel P. van Schaik, Marta B. Manser, and Simon W. Townsend. "Language evolution: syntax before phonology?" Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 281, no. 1788 (2014): 20140263. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2014.0263.

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Phonology and syntax represent two layers of sound combination central to language's expressive power. Comparative animal studies represent one approach to understand the origins of these combinatorial layers. Traditionally, phonology, where meaningless sounds form words, has been considered a simpler combination than syntax, and thus should be more common in animals. A linguistically informed review of animal call sequences demonstrates that phonology in animal vocal systems is rare, whereas syntax is more widespread. In the light of this and the absence of phonology in some languages, we hyp

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Summers, Kyle, Christian Sea McKeon, and Heather Heying. "The evolution of parental care and egg size: a comparative analysis in frogs." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 273, no. 1587 (2005): 687–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2005.3368.

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The evolution of parental care and egg size has attracted considerable attention and theoretical debate. Several different hypotheses have been proposed concerning the trajectories of parental care and egg size evolution and the order of specific evolutionary transitions. Few comparative studies have investigated the predictions of these hypotheses. Here, we investigate the evolutionary association between parental care and egg size in frogs in a phylogenetic context. Data on egg size and presence or absence of parental care in various species of frogs was gathered from the scientific literatu

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Zon, LI. "Developmental biology of hematopoiesis." Blood 86, no. 8 (1995): 2876–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v86.8.2876.bloodjournal8682876.

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The cellular and environmental regulation of hematopoiesis has been generally conserved throughout vertebrate evolution, although subtle species differences exist. The factors that regulate hematopoietic stem cell homeostasis may closely resemble the inducers of embryonic patterning, rather than the factors that stimulate hematopoietic cell proliferation and differentiation. Comparative study of embryonic hematopoiesis in lower vertebrates can generate testable hypotheses that similar mechanisms occur during hematopoiesis in higher species.

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32

Schepart, B. S., H. Takahashi, K. M. Cozad, et al. "The nucleotide sequence and comparative analysis of the H-2Dp class I H-2 gene." Journal of Immunology 136, no. 9 (1986): 3489–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.136.9.3489.

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Abstract We present the complete nucleotide sequence and the deduced amino acid sequence of the H-2Dp class I gene. This gene, which was cloned from a B10.P genomic DNA library, encodes and intact, functional H-2Dp molecule. Comparative analysis of the Dp sequence with other class I sequences reveals both similarities and differences. This analysis also shows that these genes exhibit D region-specific, locus-specific, as well as allele-specific sequences. The H-2Dp nucleotide sequence is greater than 90% homologous to the H-2Ld and H-2Db genes and only approximately 85% homologous to the H-2Dd

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Attaya, Ahmed, Brian Lohman, and Natalie Steinel. "scRNA-Seq profiling of stickleback fish splenocytes: Expansion of myeloid and B cells on immunization." Journal of Immunology 208, no. 1_Supplement (2022): 124.06. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.208.supp.124.06.

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Abstract Threespine stickleback is characterized by wide phenotypic variations attributed to repeated evolutions that took place when colonizing new environments. This fish species is hence deemed a powerful model candidate for comparative immunology to gain new insights into the function and evolution of vertebrate immune system, given also fish small size, wide distribution, and easiness of husbandry. Harnessing single-cell RNA sequencing potential to dissect tissue cellular heterogeneity at high resolution, here we employed that technique to profile naïve, and immunized stickleback spleens

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Subramanian, G., Eugene V. Koonin, and L. Aravind. "Comparative Genome Analysis of the Pathogenic Spirochetes Borrelia burgdorferi and Treponema pallidum." Infection and Immunity 68, no. 3 (2000): 1633–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.68.3.1633-1648.2000.

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ABSTRACT A comparative analysis of the predicted protein sequences encoded in the complete genomes of Borrelia burgdorferi andTreponema pallidum provides a number of insights into evolutionary trends and adaptive strategies of the two spirochetes. A measure of orthologous relationships between gene sets, termed the orthology coefficient (OC), was developed. The overall OC value for the gene sets of the two spirochetes is about 0.43, which means that less than one-half of the genes show readily detectable orthologous relationships. This emphasizes significant divergence between the two spiroche

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Zon, LI. "Developmental biology of hematopoiesis." Blood 86, no. 8 (1995): 2876–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v86.8.2876.2876.

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Abstract The cellular and environmental regulation of hematopoiesis has been generally conserved throughout vertebrate evolution, although subtle species differences exist. The factors that regulate hematopoietic stem cell homeostasis may closely resemble the inducers of embryonic patterning, rather than the factors that stimulate hematopoietic cell proliferation and differentiation. Comparative study of embryonic hematopoiesis in lower vertebrates can generate testable hypotheses that similar mechanisms occur during hematopoiesis in higher species.

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Miller, Marcia, Lei Zhang, Ronald Goto, Jason Abernathy, Huaijun Zhou, and Mary Delany. "Insights into MHC evolution provided by interesting genes on Gallus gallus chromosome 16 (167.10)." Journal of Immunology 188, no. 1_Supplement (2012): 167.10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.188.supp.167.10.

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Abstract The MHC is viewed as ancient and polymorphic as result of enduring selection by diverse pathogens. But even now little is known about MHC polymorphism outside of a few mammalian species. There is little evidence as to how this region contributions in resistance to infectious disease. The MHC of the domesticated chicken (Gallus gallus) has long been observed to influence disease resistance. With a significant portion of the G. gallus MHC sequenced it is now possible to begin to examine individual loci in detail. Our studies have provided evidence for three diverse features contributing

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Bradshaw, William J., and Dario Riccardo Valenzano. "Extreme genomic volatility characterizes the evolution of the immunoglobulin heavy chain locus in cyprinodontiform fishes." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 287, no. 1927 (2020): 20200489. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2020.0489.

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The evolution of the adaptive immune system has provided vertebrates with a uniquely sophisticated immune toolkit, enabling them to mount precise immune responses against a staggeringly diverse range of antigens. Like other vertebrates, teleost fishes possess a complex and functional adaptive immune system; however, our knowledge of the complex antigen-receptor genes underlying its functionality has been restricted to a small number of experimental and agricultural species, preventing systematic investigation into how these crucial gene loci evolve. Here, we analyse the genomic structure of th

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Doumith, Michel, Christel Cazalet, Natalie Simoes, et al. "New Aspects Regarding Evolution and Virulence of Listeria monocytogenes Revealed by Comparative Genomics and DNA Arrays." Infection and Immunity 72, no. 2 (2004): 1072–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.72.2.1072-1083.2004.

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ABSTRACT Listeria monocytogenes is a food-borne bacterial pathogen that causes a wide spectrum of diseases, such as meningitis, septicemia, abortion, and gastroenteritis, in humans and animals. Among the 13 L. monocytogenes serovars described, invasive disease is mostly associated with serovar 4b strains. To investigate the genetic diversity of L. monocytogenes strains with different virulence potentials, we partially sequenced an epidemic serovar 4b strain and compared it with the complete sequence of the nonepidemic L. monocytogenes EGDe serovar 1/2a strain. We identified an unexpected genet

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Arnqvist, Göran, Ahmed Sayadi, Elina Immonen, et al. "Genome size correlates with reproductive fitness in seed beetles." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 282, no. 1815 (2015): 20151421. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2015.1421.

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The ultimate cause of genome size (GS) evolution in eukaryotes remains a major and unresolved puzzle in evolutionary biology. Large-scale comparative studies have failed to find consistent correlations between GS and organismal properties, resulting in the ‘ C -value paradox’. Current hypotheses for the evolution of GS are based either on the balance between mutational events and drift or on natural selection acting upon standing genetic variation in GS. It is, however, currently very difficult to evaluate the role of selection because within-species studies that relate variation in life-histo

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40

Baltrus, David A., Marc T. Nishimura, Artur Romanchuk, et al. "Dynamic Evolution of Pathogenicity Revealed by Sequencing and Comparative Genomics of 19 Pseudomonas syringae Isolates." PLoS Pathogens 7, no. 7 (2011): e1002132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002132.

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Salova, Margarita, Wolfgang Sipos, Erwin Tschachler, and Leopold Eckhart. "NOD2 and reproduction-associated NOD-like receptors have been lost during the evolution of pangolins." Immunogenetics 74, no. 2 (2021): 261–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00251-021-01230-9.

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AbstractNOD-like receptors (NLRs) are sensors of pathogen-associated molecular patterns with critical roles in the control of immune responses and programmed cell death. Recent studies have revealed inter-species differences in mammalian innate immune genes and a particular degeneration of nucleic acid sensing pathways in pangolins, which are currently investigated as potential hosts for zoonotic pathogens. Here, we used comparative genomics to determine which NLR genes are conserved or lost in pangolins and related mammals. We show that NOD2, which is implicated in sensing bacterial muramyl d

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Wu, Baojun, Bo Xin, Meng Jin, Tiandi Wei, and Zengliang Bai. "Comparative and phylogenetic analyses of three TIR domain-containing adaptors in metazoans: Implications for evolution of TLR signaling pathways." Developmental & Comparative Immunology 35, no. 7 (2011): 764–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dci.2011.02.009.

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Campbell, Matthew A., Shannon Loncar, Robert M. Kotin, and Robert J. Gifford. "Comparative analysis reveals the long-term coevolutionary history of parvoviruses and vertebrates." PLOS Biology 20, no. 11 (2022): e3001867. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3001867.

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Parvoviruses (family Parvoviridae) are small DNA viruses that cause numerous diseases of medical, veterinary, and agricultural significance and have important applications in gene and anticancer therapy. DNA sequences derived from ancient parvoviruses are common in animal genomes and analysis of these endogenous parvoviral elements (EPVs) has demonstrated that the family, which includes twelve vertebrate-specific genera, arose in the distant evolutionary past. So far, however, such “paleovirological” analysis has only provided glimpses into the biology of ancient parvoviruses and their long-te

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Yuhki, N., G. F. Heidecker, and S. J. O'Brien. "Characterization of MHC cDNA clones in the domestic cat. Diversity and evolution of class I genes." Journal of Immunology 142, no. 10 (1989): 3676–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.142.10.3676.

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Abstract The abundant functional polymorphism and evolutionary divergence of mammalian MHC class I genes has been affirmed recently by sequence analysis of more than 40 mouse H-2 and human HLA transcripts. In a comparative approach to the evolution of the MHC, we isolated eight molecular clones of feline MHC (termed FLA for feline leukocyte antigen) class I genes from a cDNA library of a cat T cell lymphoma line. DNA sequence analysis of eight clones revealed that they all fell into one of two internally identical allelic groups which differed by 9% of their nucleotide sequences. The occurrenc

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Carter, Anthony M. "Comparative studies of placentation and immunology in non-human primates suggest a scenario for the evolution of deep trophoblast invasion and an explanation for human pregnancy disorders." REPRODUCTION 141, no. 4 (2011): 391–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/rep-10-0530.

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Deep trophoblast invasion in the placental bed has been considered the hallmark of human pregnancy. It occurs by two routes, interstitial and endovascular, and results in transformation of the walls of the spiral arteries as they traverse the decidua and the inner third of the myometrium. Disturbances in this process are associated with reproductive disorders such preeclampsia. In contrast, trophoblast invasion in Old World monkeys occurs only by the endovascular route and seldom reaches the myometrium. Recently, it was shown that this pattern is maintained in gibbons, but that the human arran

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Crouch, Nicholas M. A., and Roberta Mason-Gamer. "Mass estimation of extinct taxa and phylogenetic hypotheses both influence analyses of character evolution in a large clade of birds (Telluraves)." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 286, no. 1917 (2019): 20191745. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2019.1745.

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Incorporating extinct taxa in phylogenetic comparative methods is rapidly becoming invaluable in studies of character evolution. An increasing number of studies have evaluated the effects of extinct taxa, and different numbers of extinct taxa, on model selection and parameter estimation. Body mass is a well-studied phenotype, but individual mass estimates may vary dramatically depending on the particular measurement used. Here, we perform an analysis of body mass evolution in a large clade of principally arboreal birds, incorporating 76 extinct species. We evaluate how different methods for es

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Broeckhoven, Chris, Yousri El Adak, Cang Hui, Raoul Van Damme, and Theodore Stankowich. "On dangerous ground: the evolution of body armour in cordyline lizards." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 285, no. 1880 (2018): 20180513. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2018.0513.

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Animal body armour is often considered an adaptation that protects prey against predatory attacks, yet comparative studies that link the diversification of these allegedly protective coverings to differential predation risk or pressure are scarce. Here, we examine the evolution of body armour, including spines and osteoderms, in Cordylinae, a radiation of southern African lizards. Using phylogenetic comparative methods, we attempt to identify the ecological and environmental correlates of body armour that may hint at the selective pressures responsible for defensive trait diversification. Our

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Medvedeva, Sofya A., Alexander Y. Panchin, Andrey V. Alexeevski, Sergey A. Spirin, and Yuri V. Panchin. "Comparative Analysis of Context-Dependent Mutagenesis Using Human and Mouse Models." BioMed Research International 2013 (August 22, 2013): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/989410.

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Substitution rates strongly depend on their nucleotide context. One of the most studied examples is the excess of C > T mutations in the CG context in various groups of organisms, including vertebrates. Studies on the molecular mechanisms underlying this mutation regularity have provided insights into evolution, mutagenesis, and cancer development. Recently several other hypermutable motifs were identified in the human genome. There is an increased frequency of T > C mutations in the second position of the words ATTG and ATAG and an increased frequency of A > C mutations in the first

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Barabote, Ravi D., and Milton H. Saier. "Comparative Genomic Analyses of the Bacterial Phosphotransferase System." Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews 69, no. 4 (2005): 608–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mmbr.69.4.608-634.2005.

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SUMMARY We report analyses of 202 fully sequenced genomes for homologues of known protein constituents of the bacterial phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphotransferase system (PTS). These included 174 bacterial, 19 archaeal, and 9 eukaryotic genomes. Homologues of PTS proteins were not identified in archaea or eukaryotes, showing that the horizontal transfer of genes encoding PTS proteins has not occurred between the three domains of life. Of the 174 bacterial genomes (136 bacterial species) analyzed, 30 diverse species have no PTS homologues, and 29 species have cytoplasmic PTS phosphoryl tr

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Bissoli, R., and A. Contestabile. "Evolution of neurotransmitter-related markers in the vertebrate telencephalon. comparative microchemical study in discrete brain regions of a frog and a turtle." Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Comparative Pharmacology 89, no. 2 (1988): 241–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0742-8413(88)90218-6.

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