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Journal articles on the topic 'Comparative industrial relatio'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Ciucias, Michał, Waldemar Nowakowski, and Daniel Pietruszczak. "Safety of industrial automation systems." AUTOBUSY – Technika, Eksploatacja, Systemy Transportowe 24, no. 6 (June 30, 2019): 50–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.24136/atest.2019.124.

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In order to minimize the risks associated with the automation of industrial processes, it is necessary to unify standards of safety assessment. The aim of this article is the comparative analysis of safe-ty assessment methods of industrial automation systems. Authors presented two techniques of ensuring safety based on risk analysis, i.e. Performance Level (PL) and Safety Integrity Level (SIL) in relation to the applicable standards and regulations.

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2

Wang, Hongwei, Song Gao, Pei Yin, and James Nga-Kwok Liu. "Competitiveness analysis through comparative relation mining." Industrial Management & Data Systems 117, no. 4 (May 8, 2017): 672–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/imds-07-2016-0284.

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Purpose Comparative opinions widely exist in online reviews as a common way of expressing consumers’ ideas or preferences toward certain products. Such opinion-rich texts are key proxies for detecting product competitiveness. The purpose of this paper is to set up a model for competitiveness analysis by identifying comparative relations from online reviews for restaurants based on both pattern matching and machine learning. Design/methodology/approach The authors define the sub-category of comparative sentences according to Chinese linguistics. Classification rules are set up for each type of comparative relations through class sequence rule. To improve the accuracy of classification, a comparative entity dictionary is then introduced for further identifying comparative sentences. Finally, the authors collect reviews for restaurants from Dianping.com to conduct experiments for testing the proposed model. Findings The experiments show that the proposed method outperforms the baseline methods in terms of precision in identifying comparative sentences. On the basis of such comparison-rich sentences, product features and comparative relations are extracted for sentiment analysis, and sentimental score is assigned to each comparative relation to facilitate competitiveness analysis. Research limitations/implications Only the explicit comparative relations are discussed, neglecting the implicit ones. Besides that, the study is grounded in the assumption that all features are homogeneous. In some cases, however, the weights to different aspects are not of the same importance to market. Practical implications On the basis of comparative relation mining, product features and comparative opinions are extracted for competitiveness analysis, which is of interest to businesses for finding weakness or strength of products, as well as to consumers for making better purchase decisions. Social implications Comparative relation mining could be possibly applied in social media for identifying relations among users or products, and ranking users or products, as well as helping companies target and track competitors to enhance competitiveness. Originality/value The authors propose a research framework for restaurant competitiveness analysis by mining comparative relations from online consumer reviews. The results would be able to differentiate one restaurant from another in some aspects of interest to consumers, and reveal the changes in these differences over time.

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3

Nurwati, Nunung, Raden Marsha Aulia Hakim, and Erna Maulina. "Industrial Relation: A Comparative Study in Nigeria and Indonesia, Historical Perspective." Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences 8, no. 5-1 (July 1, 2017): 19–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/mjss-2018-0092.

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Abstract Indonesia and Nigeria are two countries with different histories. Both are countries once colonized by various colonial countries. The evolution of labor relations between Indonesia and Nigeria is interesting. From the perspective of history that originated from the invaders who entered what happens to both countries is one of the main attractions to examine the similarities and differences in the evolution of labor relations that occur from two different occupiers. This study examines the evolution of employment relation in developing countries, especially in Nigeria and Indonesia. This event occurred in Nigeria and Indonesia that began with the colonialist entry in both countries. This case study achieves through indepth descriptive and historical case study of the transfer of the British Voluntarist ERP to Nigeria and the history of Indonesian nationalism labor. A review of the literature of such transfer of management practices reveals that there are so much different in both perspectives of change. In an attempt to make this study can explain better about the difference, this study relies on descriptive and historical sources on the transfer of employment relation practice. The finding confirms that both countries have so many differences from many aspects.

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4

Bailey, Janis, and Patricia Todd. "Teaching Comparative Industrial Relations: Continuity and Change." Journal of Industrial Relations 41, no. 4 (December 1999): 612–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002218569904100408.

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This paper examines the objectives, content and methods of Comparative Industrial Relations courses in Australian and New Zealand universities. It identifies changes in the approaches to teaching the subject since a 1990 survey. Using twenty- five course outlines at both undergraduate and postgraduate level from fifteen univer sities, the paper examines some of the cboices lecturers face—selection of countries and themes, the use of theory and the application of effective and innovative teaching strategies. Some new themes have emerged in the past decade, developing Asian countries are increasingly being included in courses, and the theoretical base is broaden ing. Overall, however, comparative industrial relations courses are bigbly diverse in content, reflecting the explicit and implicit objectives of those wbo teach them.

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5

Mitchell, Richard. "Book Reviews : Comparative Labour Law and Industrial Relations." Journal of Industrial Relations 30, no. 3 (September 1988): 472–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002218568803000313.

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6

Gardner, Margaret. "Book Reviews : Theories and Concepts in Comparative Industrial Relations." Journal of Industrial Relations 32, no. 2 (June 1990): 301–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002218569003200219.

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7

Bahadur K.C, Fatta, and Indra Kumar Kattel. "Comparative Analysis on the Sources of Credit Risk in Nepalese Commercial Banks." Asian Finance & Banking Review 1, no. 1 (September 29, 2017): 17–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.46281/asfbr.v1i1.2.

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The study was conducted to find out the significant differences between state-owned bank and private sector bank in the practice of measuring the sources of credit risk. This paper attempts to ascertain the perceptions of Nepalese bankers about the importance of identification practice of credit risk sources within the specific borrowers. The result of the study indicates that the collaterals, characters, capacity, capital, condition, legality of the business, economy of the country, business environment and industrial relation were consider as a sources of credit risk in Nepalese banking sector. The result shows that level of the credit risk sources were disparity the Nepalese commercial banks. In addition, Collaterals provided as a security by the borrower, characters of the borrower, capacity, legality of the business, economy of the country and industrial relation were found significant predictor for the sources of credit risk. Moreover, there was a positive relationship between identification practice and sources of credit risk.

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8

Gayathri, A., T. Venugopal, and K. Venkatramanan. "A Comparative Study of Experimental and Theoretical Ultrasonic Velocity of Binary Liquid Mixtures Using Mathematical Methods." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4.10 (October 2, 2018): 602. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.10.21292.

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A comparative study of ultrasonic velocities of binary liquid mixtures such as O-cresol+carbon tetrachloride, anisicaldehyde+methylacetate, anisicaldehyde+ethylacetate, having industrial applications are analysed at temperature 303K for different concentrations [0 to 1%]. In the present study experimental values are taken from literature and there values are compared with theoretical values obtained by various mathematical equations such as Nomoto’s relation, VandealVangeal formula, Impedance relation, Rao’s specific relation. Thus, the present study reveals the nature of interaction between component molecules in the mixtures and enables us to identify a suitable mathematical model for predicting the ultrasonic velocity various binary liquid mixtures.

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9

Porket, J. L. "Comparative economic systems: pre-industrial and modern case studies." International Affairs 66, no. 2 (April 1990): 376. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2621379.

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10

Masters, Marick F., and John D. Robertson. "Class Compromises in Industrial Democracies." American Political Science Review 82, no. 4 (December 1988): 1183–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1961755.

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The stability of democracies has been of critical interest to students of comparative politics. One question that has received limited empirical analysis is, How do we integrate class conflict into the broader concept of democratic stability? We extend the work of Przeworski and Wallerstein. Our principal thesis is that as the material bases of class exchange diminish, the state intervenes economically to expand the resources conducive to class consent. A tripartite coalition thus emerges, with the state facilitating class compromise between labor and capital through economic policies. We explore this thesis in a cross-national analysis of data collected from 20 advanced industrial democracies during the time period 1965–83, and explore the essential conclusions and the political-economic implications of our findings.

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11

Poole, Michael, Russell Lansbury, and Nick Wailes. "A Comparative Analysis of Developments in Industrial Democracy." Industrial Relations 40, no. 3 (July 2001): 490–525. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/0019-8676.00221.

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12

Chen, Tianyan, Jinsong Lin, Deyu Wu, and Haibin Wu. "Research of Calibration Method for Industrial Robot Based on Error Model of Position." Applied Sciences 11, no. 3 (January 31, 2021): 1287. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11031287.

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Based on the current situation of high precision and comparatively low APA (absolute positioning accuracy) in industrial robots, a calibration method to enhance the APA of industrial robots is proposed. In view of the "hidden" characteristics of the RBCS (robot base coordinate system) and the FCS (flange coordinate system) in the measurement process, a comparatively general measurement and calibration method of the RBCS and the FCS is proposed, and the source of the robot terminal position error is classified into three aspects: positioning error of industrial RBCS, kinematics parameter error of manipulator, and positioning error of industrial robot end FCS. The robot position error model is established, and the relation equation of the robot end position error and the industrial robot model parameter error is deduced. By solving the equation, the parameter error identification and the supplementary results are obtained, and the method of compensating the error by using the robot joint angle is realized. The Leica laser tracker is used to verify the calibration method on ABB IRB120 industrial robot. The experimental results show that the calibration method can effectively enhance the APA of the robot.

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13

Almond, Phil, and Heather Connolly. "A manifesto for ‘slow’ comparative research on work and employment." European Journal of Industrial Relations 26, no. 1 (March 18, 2019): 59–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959680119834164.

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We offer a defence of, and framework for, comparative research in industrial and employment relations, based on a long-term engagement with the social contexts under study. We locate ‘slow’ research strategies in relation to predominant approaches and establish a number of basic precepts of slow comparativism as a practical methodological approach. We aim to provoke a discussion among those conducting comparative research on work and employment about how truth claims are generated. We also seek a basis by which those conducting slower forms of comparativism, through what we term ‘implicit ethnographies’, can find better ways of developing and defending their modes of research within an often hostile academic political economy.

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14

Doppler, Rainer. "The Relation between Economic Development and International Trade: A Comparative Analysis of East Asian and Southeast Asian Economies." Vienna Journal of East Asian Studies 7, no. 1 (December 1, 2015): 67–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/vjeas-2015-0003.

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Abstract The impressive economic development of East Asian and Southeast Asian countries, like China, Japan, South Korea, or Singapore, is often described as the ‘Asian economic miracle’. The transition from a less developed economy to an industrialised country and successful integration into the global economy within a relatively short period of time are characteristics of the economic development process. Academic research is dominated by a general agreement on the causal relationship between economic development and international trade. The research goal of this paper is to analyse the impact of the level of economic development on the degree of international trade in the economies of China, Japan, South Korea, Singapore and Thailand. The applied research model does not follow the traditional research mainstream but rather introduces relative shares of GDP-related industrial output and of manufactures exports by adopting national as well as international perspectives instead. Descriptive trend analysis, correlation analysis and regression analysis are conducted in order to test the hypotheses. The results do not support conventional academic wisdom. A statistically reasonable causality between the level of economic development, in terms of relative industrial output, and the degree of international trade, in terms of relative industrial exports, could not be confirmed.

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15

Nahm, Jonas. "Renewable futures and industrial legacies: Wind and solar sectors in China, Germany, and the United States." Business and Politics 19, no. 1 (March 2017): 68–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/bap.2016.5.

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AbstractThis article develops an explanation for patterns of industrial specialization in emerging high-technology industries through a comparative analysis of wind and solar sectors in China, Germany, and the United States. Although governments have held similar industrial policy goals in the support of renewable energy industries, firms in all three economies have established distinct innovative capabilities in response to the policies of the state. This article shows that firms utilize both legacy institutions and engage in relational learning in global networks to carve out distinct niches in emerging industries. Based on an original dataset of more than 200 firm-level interviews, the article suggests that the rise of global value chains has widened the space for national diversity in industrial specialization. Firms no longer have to establish the full range of skills required to bring an idea from lab to market, but can specialize and collaborate with others. In this context, firms respond to industrial policy by incrementally building on existing industrial capabilities and by relying on familiar public resources and institutions, even in emerging industries. These findings point to the role of industrial legacies in shaping firms' positions in global value chains and show that firms are active agents in maintaining distinct industrial specializations and domestic institutions under conditions of globalization.

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16

Patmore, Greg. "Book Reviews : Comparative Industrial Relations: an Introduction To Cross-National Perspectives." Journal of Industrial Relations 28, no. 4 (December 1986): 617. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002218568602800412.

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17

Heron, Craig, and Roy J. Adams. "Industrial Relations under Liberal Democracy: North America in Comparative Perspective." Labour / Le Travail 41 (1998): 300. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/25144259.

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18

Zunz, Olivier, Hartmut Keil, and John B. Jentz. "German Workers in Industrial Chicago, 1850-1910: A Comparative Perspective." Labour / Le Travail 16 (1985): 298. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/25142534.

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19

Watson, Bartholomew C. "Barcode Empires: Politics, Digital Technology, and Comparative Retail Firm Strategies." Journal of Industry, Competition and Trade 11, no. 3 (May 31, 2011): 309–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10842-011-0109-2.

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20

Singh, Ajit. "Comparative advantage, industrial policy and the World Bank: back to first principles." Policy Studies 32, no. 4 (July 2011): 447–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01442872.2011.571859.

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21

Fieldes, Diane, Greg J. Bamber, and Russell D. Lansbury. "International and Comparative Industrial Relations: A Study of Industrialised Market Economies." Labour / Le Travail 36 (1995): 414. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/25144025.

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22

Kim, Kyung Mi, and Hyeong-Ki Kwon. "The State’s Role in Globalization: Korea’s Experience from a Comparative Perspective." Politics & Society 45, no. 4 (June 20, 2017): 505–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0032329217715614.

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By analyzing how Korea has upgraded its industrial capabilities in the course of corporate globalization, this article holds that some versions of developmental state work better in the globalization process. Globalizing national corporations, neoliberal optimism notwithstanding, does not necessarily result in upgrading domestic innovation capabilities. In the United States, free-market firms may benefit through offshoring, but they create holes in the industrial linkages or industrial commons at home, enfeebling US capability for innovation. By contrast, the Korean government successfully upgraded domestic firms’ innovation capabilities and reduced the possibility of deindustrialization in the course of globalization by moving from classical developmentalism to a new form of development based on inclusive and collaborative networks. Korea’s earlier classical developmentalism focused on mobilization of physical capital, funneling it exclusively to a few firms.

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23

Provis, Chris. "Comparative Wage Justice." Journal of Industrial Relations 28, no. 1 (March 1986): 24–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002218568602800102.

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24

Osgood, Iain. "The Breakdown of Industrial Opposition to Trade." World Politics 69, no. 1 (December 8, 2016): 184–231. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0043887116000174.

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This article documents systematic deviations from standard models of trade politics, each of which has the effect of undermining sustained efforts at coherent industrial opposition to trade. Industries have internal disagreements about liberalization, support for trade liberalization extends bilaterally across borders in the same industry, and comparative disadvantage industries feature convincing expressions of public support for liberalization. These surprising outcomes are explained by a model of trade politics that emphasizes three factors: firm heterogeneity in export performance, product differentiation, and reciprocal liberalization. The author uses a new data set of industry attitudes about fifteen US trade agreements to show that product differentiation is strongly correlated with these outcomes, even conditional on plausible alternatives. The author concludes that public position-taking and lobbying on trade politics have been fundamentally altered by the rise of product variety; trade's opponents and indifferents have been overwhelmed by pro-globalization firms breaking out to support trade on their own.

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25

Tracz, Mariola. "Treści z zakresu geografii przemysłu w podstawach programowych i wybranych programach nauczania oraz podręcznikach do geografii na poziomie gimnazjum i szkoły ponadgimnazjalnej." Studies of the Industrial Geography Commission of the Polish Geographical Society 10 (January 1, 2008): 267–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.24917/20801653.10.21.

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This research employed the comparative analysis method in order to determine the range of industrial geography issues in secondary schools geography teaching programmes and textbooks. The aim of the research was to identify the factors that determine the choice and presentation methods of topics in industrial geography. The quantitative and qualitative analysis was conducted on the basis of a query of currently used state-approved teaching programmes and textbooks in geography for secondary schools (gymnasium, general, specialized, and technical secondary schools). In total, 15 programmes and 15 textbooks were analysed at the level of lower-secondary school, and 10 programmes and 10 textbooks at the level of upper-secondary schools. Generally, the issues in industrial geography are included in the II- and III-form programmes of both lower- and upper-secondary schools. The amount of time that the teacher can devote to industrial geography topics is rather small, and most often equals from 1 to 3 classes. Therefore it is crucial that the syllabuses and textbooks treat these issues in accordance with the contemporary trends in geography teaching methodology and with the industrial geography scientific state of the art. This article investigates how these assumptions are realized in relation to the industrial geography issues in the syllabuses, teaching programmes and textbooks.

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26

Lin, Chin Huang, Ho Li Yang, and Dian Yan Liou. "A cross-national comparative analysis of industrial policy and competitive advantage." International Journal of Technology Management 49, no. 1/2/3 (2010): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijtm.2010.029412.

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27

Gericke, Kilian, and Boris Eisenbart. "The integrated function modeling framework and its relation to function structures." Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing 31, no. 4 (September 14, 2017): 436–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s089006041700049x.

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AbstractResearch and industrial practice have produced a host of function models and modeling approaches over the last decades. Each of these is meant to support designers in their design endeavors. Industrial practice is excessively diversified in terms of contextual requirements, aims, and adopted processes; this automatically begs the question which of the existing models should be selected for application in a specific situation. This paper sets out to contribute to this discourse. It strives to benchmark the fairly novel integrated function modeling (IFM) framework against the well-established function structures modeling approach. The paper comparatively investigates the respective capabilities of the approaches, following the benchmarking protocol used earlier in relation to this Special Issue. Function structures are used as reference as they represent one of the most widespread function modeling approaches in research and practice. Both function structures and the IFM framework are exemplarily applied for modeling a glue gun. The gradual generation and refinement of the models is used to showcase their respective benefits and shortcomings. Eventually, the IFM framework is found to excel over function structures in terms of comprehensiveness and support for different types of function analyses. Finally, future research directions are proposed.

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28

Backlund, Ann-Katrin. "Customizing Technology Transfer: Lessons to be Learned from Comparative Cross Cultural Studies." Journal of Industrial Relations 48, no. 5 (November 2006): 677–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022185606070111.

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This article highlights the old wisdom that technology is socially constructed. By using examples from a study of how German machinery manu-facturing firms and North American user industries act and think while developing and implementing advanced technology, and reflecting on these examples to elucidate Swedish manufacturing culture, the study highlights how knowledge about industrial behaviour can only be made visible by comparative studies, since only in relief - in contrast with something different - can the ‘taken for granted’ behaviour be identified. It is argued that identifying the prevailing industrial behaviour in a region opens up the possibility not only of identifying different strategies in inter-firm contacts but also of mastering them. Engineering that could ‘customize’ not only technology but also the interaction with customers and differentiate the service for different markets would have a competitive advantage.

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Veríssimo, Michele Polline, and Sávio de Carvalho Araújo. "Perfil industrial de Minas Gerais e a hipótese de desindustrialização estadual." Revista Brasileira de Inovação 15, no. 1 (March 16, 2016): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.20396/rbi.v15i1.8649122.

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Este artigo analisa o perfil industrial de Minas Gerais nos anos 2000, com o objetivo de avaliar o desempenho da indústria de transformação no estado conforme a hipótese de desindustrialização. Verifica-se que a indústria de transformação perdeu peso relativo no produto estadual e apresentou deterioração em seu conteúdo tecnológico, ao passo que houve avanço da participação da indústria extrativa, na qual o estado possui vantagens comparativas. A análise de cointegração e a estimação de Modelos de Vetores de Correção de Erros sugerem algum indício de desindustrialização em Minas Gerais, manifesto na importância de uma taxa de câmbio real depreciada para estimular a produção industrial de transformação do estado no longo prazo.

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Green, Roy. "Book Reviews : International and Comparative Industrial Relations: a Study of Industrialised Market Economies." Journal of Industrial Relations 36, no. 1 (March 1994): 165–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002218569403600110.

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31

Santoro, Miguel Cezar, and Gilberto Freire. "Análise comparativa entre modelos de estoque." Production 18, no. 1 (2008): 89–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-65132008000100007.

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Este trabalho é um estudo do problema de escolha entre modelos de estoque para a gestão de itens independentes em local único. Quatro modelos de estoque são considerados, sendo três deles reativos, que não utilizam previsão de demanda para a tomada de decisões, e um ativo, que decide com base em previsões. A medida de desempenho considerada é o custo de operação médio por período, que é obtida através de simulação da utilização dos modelos com base num histórico de vendas. O trabalho analisa o efeito da alteração de previsibilidade e da consideração de quantidades mínimas de compra no modelo ativo no desempenho relativo dos modelos analisados. A análise utiliza um modelo de busca acoplado a um simulador. O trabalho apresenta subsídios para a escolha e parametrização de modelos de estoque em empresas.

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Zhao, Xuyang, Cisheng Wu, and Duanyong Liu. "Comparative Analysis of the Life-Cycle Cost of Robot Substitution: A Case of Automobile Welding Production in China." Symmetry 13, no. 2 (January 29, 2021): 226. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym13020226.

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Within the context of the large-scale application of industrial robots, methods of analyzing the life-cycle cost (LCC) of industrial robot production have shown considerable developments, but there remains a lack of methods that allow for the examination of robot substitution. Taking inspiration from the symmetry philosophy in manufacturing systems engineering, this article further establishes a comparative LCC analysis model to compare the LCC of the industrial robot production with traditional production at the same time. This model introduces intangible costs (covering idle loss, efficiency loss and defect loss) to supplement the actual costs and comprehensively uses various methods for cost allocation and variable estimation to conduct total cost and the cost efficiency analysis, together with hierarchical decomposition and dynamic comparison. To demonstrate the model, an investigation of a Chinese automobile manufacturer is provided to compare the LCC of welding robot production with that of manual welding production; methods of case analysis and simulation are combined, and a thorough comparison is done with related existing works to show the validity of this framework. In accordance with this study, a simple template is developed to support the decision-making analysis of the application and cost management of industrial robots. In addition, the case analysis and simulations can provide references for enterprises in emerging markets in relation to robot substitution.

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Begega, Sergio González, and Mona Aranea. "The establishing of a European industrial relations system." Employee Relations 40, no. 4 (June 4, 2018): 600–616. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/er-07-2017-0151.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine European Union (EU) industrial relations in their development over time. It describes and analyzes their main constituent parts, which are deployed along four interlinked institutional dimensions: tripartite concertation; cross-industry social dialogue; sectoral social dialogue; and employee representation and negotiation at the transnational company level. The focus lies strictly on the emerging EU layer of industrial relations, which is common to the different Member States and not on comparative European industrial relations. Design/methodology/approach The paper is conceptual in nature. It considers the differences and mutually interdependent legal and political processes, policies and institutions between EU industrial relations and national industrial relations. Findings The findings substantiate that EU industrial relations constitute an incomplete but perfectly traceable transnational reality distinct from industrial relations in the Member States. EU industrial relations are not to supersede but to supplement national industrial relations. Neither the EU institutional framework nor the European social partners have the mandate, legitimation or desire to perform a more ambitious role. Research limitations/implications More empirically oriented research would further support the findings in the paper. Originality/value The paper presents a conceptual review based on a comprehensive and critical reading of the literature on EU industrial relations. It also puts labor strategies at the forefront of the analysis in corporate relocation.

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Azam, Amir. "The Comparative Analysis of the Industrial Policy Impact on Export Performance in the Military and Democratic Regime of Pakistan." Virtual Economics 3, no. 2 (April 30, 2020): 61–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.34021/ve.2020.03.02(4).

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Since independence, the economy has always suffered from the power struggle between democracy and autocracy, which significantly damaged the economy and gave birth to different economic issues, the export sector being one of the top most affected. Once titled among Asian Tigers, the country’s export overseas yields even to Bangladesh. The current study attempts to analyse the impact of industrial policy on export performance under democracy and autocracy. Many authors and past studies have argued that Pakistan lacks the long-term farsighted industrial policy. The paper considers the industrial policy instruments, import tariff, export subsidy, export rebate, R&D expenditures, industrial expenditures and export processing zone, while export sophistication, export diversification and export competitiveness are used as indicators of export performance from 1980 till 2018. The result of the study indicates that the democracy type of a regime promotes industrialization with expanding export base and competitiveness, while the autocratic type of a regime is helpful in producing sophisticated goods. The analysis is focused on the descriptive basis by comparing the changes and growth in democracy and autocracy, while the Error Correction Model has been applied to see the adjustment of shocks and structural changes. Export sophistication and export diversification show a significant convergent effect, while export competitiveness demonstrates a divergent relation with our independent variables. The findings suggest that it is of sheer necessary to have a long-term farsighted industrial policy under conditions of stability to attract more and more investment in the economy to sophisticate, diversify and promote competitiveness.

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35

Brown, Judy A. "Labor Perspectives on Accounting and Industrial Relations: A Historical and Comparative Review." Labor Studies Journal 25, no. 2 (June 2000): 40–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0160449x0002500204.

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36

Hyman, Richard. "What future for industrial relations in Europe?" Employee Relations 40, no. 4 (June 4, 2018): 569–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/er-02-2018-0056.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to perform a systematic cross-country comparison of key features of industrial relations in Europe in a context where consolidated post-war institutions are under attack on many fronts. The author discusses a number of key similarities and differences across the countries of Europe, and end by considering whether progressive alternatives still exist. Design/methodology/approach This paper draws upon academic literature and compares the contributions to this special issue in the light of common problems and challenges. Findings The trend towards the erosion of nationally based employment protection and collective bargaining institutions is widely confirmed. In most of Central and Eastern Europe, where systems of organised industrial relations were at best only partially established after the collapse of the Soviet regime, the scope for unilateral dominance by (in particular foreign-owned) employers has been further enlarged. It is also clear that the European Union, far from acting as a force for harmonisation of regulatory standards and a strengthening of the “social dimension” of employment regulation, is encouraging the erosion of nationally based employment protections and provoking a growing divergence of outcomes. However, the trends are contradictory and uneven. Originality/value This paper contributes to an updated cross-country comparative analysis of the ongoing transformations in European industrial relations and discusses still existing progressive alternatives.

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Hunter, B. H., and A. E. Hawke. "A Comparative Analysis of the Industrial Relations Experiences of Indigenous and Other Australian Workers." Journal of Industrial Relations 43, no. 1 (March 2001): 44–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1472-9296.00004.

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Choi Byung Hoon. "A Comparative Study of the Relation Model between Social Capital and Innovative Performance in Industrial Clusters: Focusing on Pangyo Techno Valley and Guro Digital Industrial Complex." Korean Governance Review 24, no. 3 (December 2017): 63–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.17089/kgr.2017.24.3.003.

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Kumbure, Mahinda Mailagaha, Anssi Tarkiainen, Pasi Luukka, Jan Stoklasa, and Ari Jantunen. "Relation between managerial cognition and industrial performance: An assessment with strategic cognitive maps using fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis." Journal of Business Research 114 (June 2020): 160–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.04.001.

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Henisz, Witold J., and Oliver E. Williamson. "Comparative Economic Organization—Within and Between Countries." Business and Politics 1, no. 3 (November 1999): 261–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bap.1999.1.3.261.

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This paper explores the implications of going beyond transaction cost theory's implicit focus on domestic investors to include multinational actors. As developed herein, the discriminating alignment between the level of hazards (contractual and/or political) and the mode of governance carries over. In the open-economy context, such an alignment reflects the hazards that arise from the nature of the transaction and those that arise from the nature of the political and regulatory environment.

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Kooshki, Shirin. "Aggression and Studding Art." Psychology and Mental Health Care 4, no. 4 (July 10, 2020): 01–03. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2637-8892/091.

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Aggressive behavior is one of the most common types of behavioral problems in almost all societies, so a pervasive field of research is used to work with that. This study tested the hypothesis that if art studding is associated with a decrease in aggression. Aggressive behavior was compared between art and industrial science groups. The study was a casual-comparative one and sixty university students selected with Purposive sampling and consideration of matching method in two groups. Aggression questionnaire (Buss & Perry, 1992) was used to assess aggression. Results in relation to investigated components namely verbal aggression, anger, hostel and aggression total score among art students and industrial science groups showed significant difference (p < .05) and this difference is that industrial science students report higher anger and aggression. But there was no significant difference in physical aggression between two groups (p ˃ .05). Mean of physical aggression scores in both groups were low and it could be considered as the worthless of physical aggression in university population. Studding art is found with less level of aggression and this may consider as an important implicit effect of art that could be expand in different areas and level of education.

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Gibbons, Robert, Lawrence F. Katz, Thomas Lemieux, and Daniel Parent. "Comparative Advantage, Learning, and Sectoral Wage Determination." Journal of Labor Economics 23, no. 4 (October 2005): 681–724. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/491606.

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Lloyd, Caroline, and Jonathan Payne. "Fewer jobs, better jobs? An international comparative study of robots and ‘routine’ work in the public sector." Industrial Relations Journal 52, no. 2 (March 2021): 109–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/irj.12323.

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Tijerina, Walid. "Developmentalism as a comparative-historical model: From Friedrich List to Bresser-Pereira." Brazilian Journal of Political Economy 40, no. 3 (July 2020): 484–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0101-31572020-3123.

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ABSTRACT The literature on New Developmentalism has been reframing the developmental state’s characteristics throughout the different historical conjunctures experienced within the international order. This paper argues that developmentalism has been reinventing itself as a branch of the comparative-historical method. To achieve this, the article assesses the evolution of developmentalism as a comparative-historical method which has been consolidated as a continuation of previous development models, such as List’s national system and Prebisch’s structuralism. Likewise, this paper will explore New Developmentalism and its explanatory power regarding recent industrial strategies in Latin America.

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Kang, Jong Woo, and Suzette Dagli. "Tariff barriers and industrial spillover effects." Journal of Korea Trade 22, no. 3 (September 10, 2018): 228–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jkt-03-2018-0018.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate that higher tariffs under protectionism will have significant indirect impact through industrial forward and backward linkages, causing greater economic losses to tariff-imposing economies than to exporting countries. Design/methodology/approach The authors use partial equilibrium analysis based on unique multi-regional input-output (IO) data in measuring the second-round spillover effects of higher tariffs, also investigating the scenario of plausible substitutability across import sources as well as sectors based on historical import intensity data. Findings Higher tariffs do not only have a direct impact, but also a significant indirect impact—through forward and backward linkages. Indirect effects can be extensive across economies and sectors—both in forward and backward linkages such as in transport—when value chains are longer and more complex. When possible substitution effects between different import sources and sectors are considered, negative forward linkage effects can be smaller, while negative backward linkage effects become more pronounced. Nevertheless, both negative effects are still found to be much bigger in indirect impacts compared with direct impacts. Research limitations/implications This implies that higher tariffs, including administrative trade measures such as anti-dumping duties and countervailing duties could ironically entail rather greater negative impact on the tariff-imposing importing economies by damaging their exports of domestic sectors using the targeted imports as intermediate inputs, which could be severe if the importing sector has a long value chain in particular through deep forward linkages. Originality/value This paper uses unique multi-regional IO data covering 45 economies’ 35 sectors in analyzing the second-round spillover effects across countries and sectors and employs comparative statics under different scenarios.

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Shakhnazarov, B. A. "General Object and Special Object Principles of the Legal Regulation of Industrial Property in Cross-Border Relations." Lex Russica 73, no. 10 (October 23, 2020): 41–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.17803/1729-5920.2020.167.10.041-062.

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International agreements, as well as the national legislation of various States, in addition to the territorial principle of protection of industrial property, the principle of national treatment, the principle of convention or exhibition priority, do not specifically identify other principles of protection of industrial property that would uniform national legislation in the field of protection of industrial property in most aspects of protection, and that would also take into account the specifics of a particular object of protection. The paper distinguishes and formulates general object principles of protection of industrial property, not expressly enshrined in international agreements, as well as special object principles of protection of individual objects of industrial property. It is noted that the operation of general principles applied universally for protection of all objects of industrial property and historically established universal principles of national regime, territoriality, principles of convention and exhibition priority are supplemented by such general object principles as the principle of exclusive protection of industrial property, the principle of production and technical development. These principles can be considered general in view of their extension to other objects not expressly specified in the Paris Convention. At the same time, with regard to separate objects (groups of objects) of industrial property, one can determine special object principles of protection on the ground of their specificity.The author applies formal legal and comparative legal methods of the study, on the basis of which special international principles of protection were formulated: the principle of exclusive protection, the principle of focus on production and technical development. The paper describes special principles of protection for individual objects: the declarative and evidentiary principle of protection of registered industrial property, the principle of protection of marks “such as they are”, the principle of protection of new creative results in relation to patentable objects, the principle of absolute nature of the rights certified by the patent.

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Zawadzki, Jarosław, and Piotr Fabijańczyk. "Comparative analysis of soil magnetic susceptibility and concentration of rare earth elements in soil of problematic areas." Multidisciplinary Aspects of Production Engineering 2, no. 1 (September 1, 2019): 81–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/mape-2019-0008.

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Abstract Soil contamination with rare earth metals (REE) can have both direct and indirect connection with industrial activity and ore-exploration. In the studies conducted so far, the presence of rare earth elements in coal seams, coal combustion waste as well as fly ash was found. It is important that detailed studies of the REE content in soil were not carried out in Poland. Until now, in a few studies, a high content of cerium and lanthanum was found in relation to the average content of the torn ones in the world. This work focuses on the areas under the influence of the industry associated with the extraction and combustion of hard coal, but also with other types of industry. Analyzes of REE content in soil were conducted in selected areas of the Upper Silesian Industrial Region and Norway, located near the Bjornevatn mine. In study areas, soil samples were collected and used for chemical and magnetometric measurements. Firstly, concentrations of REE were determined, and after that soil samples were used to measure soil magnetic susceptibility. Finally, statistical analyses were performed in order to check the correlation between REE concentrations in soil and soil magnetic susceptibility.

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Choi, Jin Ouk, James T. O’Connor, and Tae Wan Kim. "Recipes for Cost and Schedule Successes in Industrial Modular Projects: Qualitative Comparative Analysis." Journal of Construction Engineering and Management 142, no. 10 (October 2016): 04016055. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)co.1943-7862.0001171.

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Pulignano, Valeria, and Paul Stewart. "The management of change. Local union responses to company-level restructuring in France and Ireland – a study between and within countries." Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research 18, no. 4 (October 26, 2012): 411–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1024258912458867.

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We argue that, notwithstanding the importance of national industrial relations systems in shaping employment outcomes in situations of company restructuring, differences within countries also exist that cannot be explained by the influence of national institutions. Local union activity can affect corporate restructuring and influence how companies manage restructuring within the EU. The capacity of local unions to use company-based resources and the unions’ internal and external social relationships shape the variations in local union responses. In addition, our research suggests that the interplay of these factors in the socio-economic context of restructuring is crucial in explaining variations within countries. The article argues for the need to focus on these company-level developments as a crucial step in undertaking comparative industrial relations research.

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Robertson, John D. "Transaction-Cost Economics and Cross-National Patterns of Industrial Conflict: A Comparative Institutional Analysis." American Journal of Political Science 34, no. 1 (February 1990): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2111514.

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