Relevant bibliographies by topics / Comparative semantics

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Academic literature on the topic 'Comparative semantics'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 31 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Comparative semantics"

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Aparicio, Helena. "Granularity in the Semantics of Comparison." Semantics and Linguistic Theory 31 (January 5, 2022): 550. http://dx.doi.org/10.3765/salt.v31i0.5121.

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This paper makes the novel observation that definite comparatives, such as the bigger circle, impose restrictions on the cardinality of the comparison class (CC) against which their truth conditions are evaluated. We show that the corpus frequency counts of definite comparatives sharply drop when the comparison class used for their interpretation is formed by more than two individuals. Two alternative theories of these distributional facts are considered and tested experimentally through an acceptability judgment task. According to the first theory, the 2-Individuals Theory, definite comparatives presuppose that the CC is of cardinality 2; under the second theory, the 2-Degrees Theory, the meaning of the comparative is evaluated against a granularity γ that maps the individuals in the CC to degrees in the relevant adjectival scale, and definite comparatives presuppose that the set of the degrees resulting from this mapping is of cardinality 2. Our experimental results show that definite comparative descriptions are most frequent and felicitous when evaluated against comparison classes with two individuals, but also that acceptability drops off with higher cardinalities in a gradient manner that is sensitive to granularity. Taken together, these findings argue against the 2-Individuals theory of definite comparatives and lend support to the 2-Degrees theory.
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Gorodetsky, V. I., and O. N. Tushkanova. "Semantic Technologies for Semantic Applications. Part 2. Models of Comparative Text Semantics." Scientific and Technical Information Processing 47, no. 6 (December 2020): 365–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s0147688220060027.

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Engdahl, Elisabet, and Robin Cooper. "Introduction." Nordic Journal of Linguistics 27, no. 2 (November 17, 2004): 129–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0332586504001222.

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This special issue of the Nordic Journal of Linguistics is devoted to Comparative Nordic Semantics. Whereas much research has been carried out on comparative syntax, morphology and phonology in the Nordic languages, much less work has been done on the comparative semantics of these languages. But the fact that some of the Nordic languages, namely the Scandinavian ones, Danish, Faroese, Icelandic, Norwegian and Swedish, are historically, lexically and structurally very similar means that they provide an interesting target for semantic research. Are there systematic semantic differences between these languages? If so, are the formal semantic analytic tools that have been developed mainly for English and German sufficiently fine-grained to account for the differences among the Scandinavian languages? These were some of the questions asked in the research project Comparative Semantics for Nordic Languages (NORDSEM), which was funded by the Joint Committee of the Nordic Research Councils for the Humanities in 1998–2001 and which involved researchers at the Copenhagen Business School, Göteborg University and the University of Oslo. Two of the papers in this issue (by Carl Vikner and Kjell Johan Sæbø) derive directly from the NORDSEM project whereas the third paper, by Erich Round, pursues some issues investigated during the project by Joakim Nivre and published in Nordic Journal of Linguistics 25:1 (2002).
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Hehner, Eric C. R., and Andrew J. Malton. "Termination conventions and comparative semantics." Acta Informatica 25, no. 1 (January 1988): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00268842.

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Hehner, Eric C. R., and Andrew J. Malton. "Termination conventions and comparative semantics." Acta Informatica 25, no. 4 (May 1988): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02737095.

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MirAzimi, Seyyed Hamid-Reza, and Afrasiab Salehi Shahroudi. "Quranic Lexical Semantics of Izutsu and ʻAllāmah Ṭabātabāʼī: a Comparative Appraisal." Miscelánea de Estudios Árabes y Hebraicos. Sección Árabe-Islam 72 (January 27, 2023): 117–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.30827/meaharabe.v72.22344.

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This study evaluates the principles and methods of Izutsu and ʻAllāmah Ṭabāṭabāʼī in the semantics of Quranic concepts, using a comparative analysis. Looking at his semantic principles, it becomes clear that ʻAllāmah believed in more flexibility for the meaning of each word in the text, and this flexibility could bring him closer to the various messages incorporated into the text by the words used by the author, although he did not make full use of this capacity in practice. In contrast, Izutsu emphasized the principle that the meanings of words change in relation to individuals’ changing worldview. Although this principle facilitated better semantics of the Quranic concepts, it also abandoned the basic core meaning of words, replacing them with alternative, false meanings. Additional-ly, it did not specify the principles of sentence semantics and had an ineffective method of analyzing conflicts in the meanings of a word in the text, especially in a religious text. The semantic principle used by Allāmah appears to be more efficient in understanding the real message of the text. Therefore, a fusion of his method with Izutsu’s ‘semantic fields’ would be a big step towards achieving a correct understanding of the meanings of Quranic words.
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Шабанова, Т. Д., and Ю. Р. Юсупова. "STANDARD LANGUAGE PROCESSES: COMPARATIVE STUDY OF MICROSYSTEMS." Русистика и компаративистика, no. 15 (February 2, 2022): 278–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.25688/2619-0656.2021.15.16.

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В статье рассматриваются стандартные языковые процессы изменения значения глаголов в отдельной микросистеме глагольной лексики как базы контрастивных исследований. Основываясь на выработанном подходе к семантическому анализу предикативных структур, авторы выявили типологию семантических мутаций. Полученная в результате исследования информация о стандартных языковых механизмах изменения значений глагольной лексики позволяет сопоставлять микросистемы английского и русского языков на основе контрастивного анализа представленности каждого из языковых процессов в сравниваемых лексических единицах. The works of O.N. Seliverstova on contrastive semantics give an inexhaustible vision of the comparison of languages in their theoretical aspect. Her well-known works on the contrastive study of the prepositional vocabulary in English and Russian languages, significantly supplemented the ideas in linguistics about those concepts that are necessary for comparing a separate lexical microsystem (in her work, spatial prepositions and adverbs). She found that in order to compare the lexical units of the group, it is necessary to take into account at least 14 matching parameters: different ways of isolating the space taken into account in the description, pointing to distance as a condition for the implementation or non-implementation of some action, a description from the angle of either X or Y, the dependence on the description of the type of Y, the significance of the observer concept for describing the semantics of prepositions and adverbs, the separation of individual spaces from the common space, taking into account the concept of “Y area” , belonging of the relyatum Y to a closed set, etc. Since the microsystem of verbal vocabulary is considered in this article as a unit of comparison there was formulated the task of identifying the linguistic processes in the system of verbal vocabulary that underlie the formation of individual verb meanings, the appearance of polysemy. The article presents data on standard language processes that lead to semantic mutations: ؋ change of type of space, elimination of semantics of physical space and actualization of functional relations; ؋ abstraction of the predicate denotate from the time axis, the transition from a specific momentous action to a heterogeneous type of the predicate which is abstracted from the time axis; ؋ focusing on various aspects of the denotative situation, which is the reason for the variability of meaning within one verb meaning, the appearance of additional meanings in one verb, or the naming of the same situation with another synonymous verb; ؋ changes in the nature of relations between actants; Теория языка на материале лингвистической компаративистики 279 ؋ acquisition of new semantics of the verb by getting into a different lexical semantic construction (semantic type of the predicate, various kinds of typical semantic-syntactic constructions). Despite the identified “cognitive” reasons for the transition from one meaning to another, it remains a problem why in one language the verb receives the development of meaning along one semantic line, and in another language — on the other.
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Anvarovna, Erdanova Sevara. "DISCOURSE IN COMPARATIVE LINGUISTICS." International Journal Of Literature And Languages 03, no. 05 (May 1, 2023): 25–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/ijll/volume03issue05-06.

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The application of the concept of discourse in semantics is more complex. Discourse semantics is the analysis of how we use vocabulary in specific areas of intellectual research. An example of this is the use of a pronoun in a sentence, which the reader or listener can only understand while connected. Below we will try to analyze the peculiarities of political speech and its relationship with other areas of linguistics. This analysis explores the connection between language and structure, such as the relationship between a sentence and the broader context in which it exists.
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Pluwak, Agnieszka. "The frame system as an interlingual representation for parallel texts." Intercultural Pragmatics 18, no. 5 (October 21, 2021): 657–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ip-2021-5004.

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Abstract One of the key problems in comparative studies based on frame semantics is the question whether frames can become an interlingua. This paper argues that not only single frames, but their systems or frame semantic domain representations consisting of frames and their relations are also useful in comparative studies. Such a system of frames helps one explain why seemingly unrelated expressions in different languages find a common denominator in higher-order frames, thus becoming semantic-pragmatic equivalents. To support this argument, an analysis of Polish, English and German lease agreements as parallel texts is conducted and the benefits of this approach to comparative studies are presented. The study is in line with the recent FrameNet initiatives, such as the Global FrameNet and automatic translation studies. However, it differs in some methodological aspects. Instead of using FrameNet as the given lexical resource, domain specific frames are defined starting from common general concepts of the analyzed semantic domain. A text-based approach rather than a comparison of bi-sentences or phrases is adapted. The work thus introduces a new approach to comparative studies based on frame semantics and frame semantic research. It also follows the recent research trend of adding a pragmatic dimension to frame semantic analysis by analyzing frames in context.
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I. Khasanzyanova, Gulnara, Ramziya M. Bolgarova, Elvira A. Islamova, and Ilsever Rami. "Comparative Constructions in Tatar and Their Translation Methods." Journal of Social Sciences Research, SPI 1 (November 13, 2018): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.32861/jssr.spi1.1.4.

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This article discussed the specifics of the translation of comparative constructions in literature from Tatar into Russian. It also suggested methods for the full-fledged translation of such constructions according to semantics and functional features of conjunctions. Postpositions were the main method to represent comparative constructions in simple and complex sentences in Tatar. Conjunctions, the instrumental case of the noun and other means, could further express the meanings of such postpositions when translated into Russian. The analysis of translation of comparative constructions helped to identify the integral and the differential in the semantics and functioning of the conjunctions, which not only connected the components of the comparative constructions, but also created imagery. Using comparative constructions, writers and translators could refer both to the general concepts inherent in their native culture, and to their personal worldview. This seemed possible only with a preliminary comparative analysis of the semantics and the structure of lexical units. Analyzing the translations of literary texts, some functional and semantic correspondences were revealed: comparative postpositions such as kebek, syman, kuk, etc. and Russian comparative conjunctions such as As if for sure, etc. (Eng. like, as if, kind of); relative pair words in Tatar and correlative pairs in Russian; affixes of adverbs such as -cha/-che, -day/- dey in Tatar and the instrumental case of the noun in Russian.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Comparative semantics"

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Pi, Chia-Yi Tony 1970. "Mereology in event semantics." Thesis, McGill University, 1999. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=36681.

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This thesis investigates verbal and prepositional representations of change under a non-localistic analysis based on the mereology of events, i.e., a system of aspect that uses event parts as primitives in lieu of path parts. Localistic analyses, developed from motional concepts (e.g., Verkuyl 1993, Asher & Sablayrolles 1994), do not extend to non-motional data (e.g., changes of state or possession) except via metaphor, thereby bypassing essential generalizations about change.
It is argued that, instead of modeling change after the tripartite source-route-goal divisions of a spatial path, the various combinations of two eventive primitives---distinguished point and distinguished process---are sufficient and necessary in accounting for abstract and concrete data, including the four aspectual verb classes of states, activities, achievements and accomplishments (Vendler 1967). The medial lexical specification, route, is shown to be unnecessary, being an epiphenomenon of two distinguished points interacting, or inferable through pragmatic considerations. This is shown by examples from English and French.
Event mereology unifies concrete with abstract change under a single system of features for verbs (e.g., arrive and inherit ), prepositions, and their associated phrases (in the house and in debt). Underspecification and complementation further economize the lexical representations while accounting for cases of semantic ambiguity. Such issues as homogeneity in states/processes, resultatives, aspectual verbs (continue, stop), agentivity, and the effects of aspectual coercion by English aspectual morphemes (-ed, -ing) are examined and re-formulated where necessary.
The event-mereological approach is demonstrated to be compatible with various current syntactic analyses, and one such analysis (Travis 1999) is investigated in detail. Event mereology is also shown to extend to more complex aspectual patterns observed of serial verb constructions in Edo (Stewart 1998).
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Sanfilippo, Antonio. "Grammatical relations, thematic roles and verb semantics." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/6585.

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Grammatical relations have always constituted a primary focus of attention in the study of language. Within the last three decades, the topicality of this trend has increasingly been determined by the quest for a universal characterization of the language faculty which has shaped the goals and directives of most current works in theoretical linguistics. Although the realization patterns and syntactic functionality of grammatical relations are subject to cross-linguistic variation, studies in comparative grammar have provided suggestive evidence that the range of variation found can often be contained within the limits fixed by a discrete set of parameters. The investigation of these parameters has broached the possibility of a universal specification of the nature of grammatical relations. This thesis proposes that such a specification should be achieved by establishing regularities in the syntax-semantics interface within a constraint-based approach to linguistic analysis that integrates a precise computational interpretation. In keeping with this objective, a unification-based categorial grammar framework is developed which incorporates the semantic insights of a Neo-Davidsonian approach to verb semantics and predicate-argument combination, where thematic roles are defined as clusters of entailments of verb meanings. This framework is extended with an integrated approach to argument selection and selection change. Properties of the resulting system are demonstrated with respect to a variety of natural language phenomena concerning grammatical function changing, unaccusativity and clitic dislocation.
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Makri, Maria-Margarita. "Aspects of comparative constructions : comparative syntax, semantics & L1-acquisition." Thesis, University of York, 2018. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/22214/.

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This thesis examines the crosslinguistic variation and acquisition of comparative constructions and proposes a fine-grained AP periphery along with an analysis of comparatives as constructions involving subtraction. More specifically, it is proposed that gradable predicates incorporate a Quantifier head and that comparative morphology is realised in two distinct heads above the Q-head: the higher C-head assigns case to the differential argument whereas the lower one, which is immediately above the Q-head checks the case of the standard phrase. Furthermore, I provide novel evidence for two types of comparative markers, a 'functional' one, which is the realisation of C2 if the gradable predicate does not move to C2, and a 'lexical' one, which is the comparative form of the quantity word that adjoins to a positive adjective. This analysis explains morphological facts as well as variation in case assignment in Greek varieties. As far as standard phrases are concerned I propose that there are three distinct types of standard phrases: adjunct standard phrases introduced by the phrasal standard marker, argument standard phrases comprised of the phrasal standard marker and a nominal (DP or relative clause) and exceptive phrases. Furthermore, the study of the distribution of polarity items and comparative negation in Romance comparatives as well as the acquisition of Italian comparatives suggest that negation found in comparatives is an overt realisation of the negative operator. This analysis explains a (universal) gap in the distribution of comparative negation, namely the unavailability of languages that license comparative negation but not polarity items.
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Mulungwa, Tshiwela Thomas. "Semantic features of human beings in Tshivenda." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/51907.

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Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2000.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The aim of this study is to investigate the semantic features of human beings in Tshivenda. For this purpose the theoretical assumptions of Lexical semantics were taken as the starting-point of the investigation. Various concepts such as synonymy, antonymy, hyponymy, hipernymy and lexical hierarchy are discussed. The semantic features of human beings are classified into two subclasses of features, i.e. physical and psychological features. The physical features which are prominent in Tshivenda are the following: age, physically disadvantaged, body shape, body part, body position and colour. Six subcategories of psychological features are recognized: intelligent, retarded, timid, good and bad behaviour, and habits. These features are represented by nouns in Tshivenda and such nouns may this function as semantic adjectives with a descriptive function. In the discussion of these features, attention is also given to the derivation of the nouns which have these features, i.e. whether derived or not, or whether there are compound nouns with these features. Attention is also given to the contribution of the noun class prefix to the semantics of these nouns.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van hierdie studie is om die semantiese kenmerke van mense in Tshivenda te ondersoek. Vir hierdie doel is die teoretiese aannames van die Leksikale semantiek geneem as die beginpunt van die ondersoek. Verskeie konsepte soos sinoniem, antoniem, hiponiem, hipernoniem en leksikale hierargie is bespreek. Die semantiese kenmerke van mense word geklassifiseer in twee subklasse van kenmerke, die fisiese en psigologiese kenmerke. Die fisiese kenmerke wat prominent is in Tshivenda is die volgende: ouderdom, fisies benadeel, liggaamsvorm, liggaamsdeel, liggaamsposisie en kleur. Ses subkategrieë van psigologiese kenmerke is gevind: intelligent, vertraag, skugter, goeie en slegte gedrag, en verskeie gewoontes. Hierdie kenmerke is teenwoordig in naamwoorde in Tshivenda en sulke naamwoorde kan dus funksioneer as semantiese adjektiewe met 'n deskriptiewe funksie. In die bespeking van hierdie kenmerke is aandag ook gegee aan die afleiding van die naamwoorde wat hierdie kenmerke het, d.i. of hulle afgelei is of nie, en of hulle saamgestelde naamwoorde is met hierdie kenmerke. Aandag is ook gegee aan die bydrae van die naamwoordklasprefiks tot die semantiek van hierdie naamwoorde.
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Lasersohn, Peter. "A semantics for groups and events." New York ; London : Garland, 1990. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35616961f.

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Schueler, David Edward. "The syntax and semantics of implicit conditionals filling in the antecedent /." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1619097961&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Yang, Lixin. "An Investigation of the Semantics of Active and Inverse Systems." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1992. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278562/.

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This study surveys pronominal reference marking in active and inverse languages. Active and inverse languages have in common that they distinguish two sets of reference marking, which are referred to as Actor and Undergoer. The choice of one series of marking over another is shown to be semantically and pragmatically determined.
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Roto, Gcobani Lucas. "Uhlalutyo lwesemantiki yelekhisikoni yezenzi zentshukumo u-qengqeleka, -tshona, -jikeleza no -tyibilika." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/50210.

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Thesis (MA)--University of Stellenbosch, 2004.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study explores the lexical semantics of the motion verbs -qengqeleka, -tshona, jikeleza and -tyibilika in Xhosa. In Chapter 1 the aims of the study are stated. Properties about the lexical semantic analysis of the verbs -qengqeleka, -tshona, -jikeleza and -tyibilika as well as the generative lexicon theory posited by Pustejovsky (1996) are discussed. The theoretical framework as it relates to the analyses and the organisation of study are also outlined in this chapter. Chapter 2 addresses in more detail the type system for semantics. The generative theory of the lexicon postulated by Pustejovsky includes multiple levels of representation for different types of lexical information needed. Among such levels are argument structure, event structure, qualia structure and inheritance structure. Chapter 2 also represents in more detail the qualia structure and the role they play in distributing the functional behaviour of words and phrases in composition. Chapter 3 examines the lexical semantics of the verbs -qengqeleka, -tshona, -jikeleza and -tyibilika to account for the range of selectional properties of the NP subject arguments of the verbs -qengqeleka, -tshona, -jikeleza and -tyibilika and the various interpretations that arise in terms of composition with its complement arguments. The polysemous behaviour of the verbs -qengqeleka, -tshona, -jikeleza and -tyibilika is examined in sentence alternation construction with respect to event structure properties. The lexical representation in terms of argument structure and event structure of the verbs -qengqeleka, -tshona, -jikeleza and -tyibilika in different sentences is also investigated. Chapter 4 is the conclusion of the study, and presents a summary of the findings of the previous chapters on the lexical semantic analysis of the motion verbs -qengqeleka, -tshona, -jikeleza and -tyibilika in Xhosa.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie ondersoek die leksikale semantiek van die bewegingswerkwoorde -qengqeleka, -tshona, -jikeleza en -tyibilika in Xhosa. In Hoofstuk 1 word die doelstellings van die studie uiteengesit. Eienskappe van die leksikaal-semantiese analise van die werkwoorde -qengqeleka, -tshona, -jikeleza en -tyibilika word bespreek. Die raamwerk van die Generatiewe Leksikon teorie, soos gepostuleer deur Pustejovsky (1996) word ook bespreek. Die teoretiese raamwerk en organisasie van die studie word ook in hierdie hoofstuk uit een gesit. Hoofstuk 2 behandel in meer besonderhede die teorie van Generatiewe Leksikon, in die besonder die semantiese tipe sisteem. Die Generatiewe teorie van die Leksikon soos ontwikkel deur Pustejovsky bevat veelvuldige vlakke van representasie vir die verskillende tipes leksikale inligting benodig. Hierdie vlakke sluit in: Argumentstruktuur, Gebeurtenisstruktuur, Oualiastruktuur, en Leksikale erwingstruktuur. Hoofstuk 2 gee ook 'n meer gedetaileerde oorsig van die Oualia struktuur en die rol wat dit speel in die funksionele gedrag van woorde en frases in komposisie met mekaar. Hoofstuk 3 ondersoek die leksikale semantiek van die werkwoorde -qengqeleka, - tshona, -jikeleza en -tyibilika om 'n verklaring te gee vir die verskeidenheid seleksiebeperkings van hierdie werkwoorde en die verskeidenheid interpretasies wat na vore kom in terme van die komposisie van hierdie werkwoorde met hulle komplement argumente. Die polisemiese gedrag van hierdie werkwoorde word verder ook ondersoek met betrekking tot die gebeurtenisstruktuur ('event structure') eienskappe daarvan. Die leksikale representasie in terme van argumentstruktuur en gebeurtenisstruktuur van die werkwoorde -qengqeleka, -tshona, -jikeleza en -tyibilika in verskillende sinne word ondersoek. Hoofstuk 4 is die konklusie van die studie, en bied 'n opsomming van die hoofbevindinge van die voorafgaande hoofstukke oor die leksikaal-semantiese analises van die bewegingswerkwoorde -qengqeleka, -tshona, -jikeleza en -tyibilika.
ISISHWANKATHELO Esi sifundo siphonononga uhlalutyo Iwesemantiki yelekhisikoni yezenzi zentshukumo - qengqeleka, tshona, jikeleza notyibilika. UMongo wesifundo uxeliwe kwisahluko 1. Iziphumo zohlalutyo Iwesemantiki yelekhisikoni yezenzi u- qengqeleka, tshona, jikeleza notyibilika ngokunjalo nengcingane yelekhisikoni evelisayo ngokuka Pustejovsky (1996) zixoxiwe. Ubume bengcingane kunye nolungiselelo Iwesifundo zikwaxoxiwe kwesi sahluko. Isahluko 2 siyila indlela emisiweyo yohlobo Iwesemantiki yethu. Ingcingane evelisayo yelekhisikoni iquka imigangatho emininzi yenkcazelo ngokwentlobo ezahlukeneyo ezifuna ulwazi Iwesemantiki. Eminye yale migangatho lulwakhiwo Iwe-adyumenti, ulwakhiwo Iwesiyaneko, ulwakhiwo Iwekhwaliya kunye nolwakhiwo loêalo. Isahluko 2 sikwabonisa ngokucace kakhulu ngolwakhiwo Iwekhwaliya ngendima edlaliweyo ekusasazeni impatho yomsebenzi wamagama namabinzana kwindibaniso. Isahluko 3 sivavanya uhlalutyo Iwesemantiki yelekhisikoni yezenzi u- qengqeleka, tshona, jikeleza notyibilika ngokwengcaciso yodweliso Iweempawu ezikhethiweyo zeadyumenti yebinzana lesibizo esiyintloko sezenzi u- qengqeleka, tshona, jikeleza notyibilika kunye notoliko olwahlukeneyo oluvela ngokwamagama endibaniso ngokweadyumenti yemfezekiso. Impatho yentsingiselo ezininzi zezenzi u- qengqeleka, tshona, jikeleza notyibilika ivavanyiwe kulwakhiwo lotshintshwano Iwezivakalisi ngokuhlomela iimpawu zolwakhiwo Iwesiganeko. Inkcazelo yelekhisikoni ngokwamagama olwakhiwo Iwe-adyumenti kunye nolwakhiwo Iwesiganeko sezenzi u- qengqeleka, tshona, jikeleza notyibilika kwiziVakalisi ezahlukeneyo zikwaphengululiwe. Isahluko 4 sisiqukumbelo, esishwankathela iziphumo zezahluko ezingaphambili kwesi sifundo kuhlalutyo Iwesemantiki yelekhisikoni yezenzi zentshukumo u- qengqeleka, tshona, jikeleza notyibilika kwisiXhosa.
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Wu, Zhaojun. "Learning bilingual semantic frames /." View abstract or full-text, 2008. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?CSED%202008%20WUZ.

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Tomioka, Naoko. "Resultative constructions : cross-linguistic variation and the syntax-semantics interface." Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=102217.

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This thesis examines constructions known as resultative constructions. In addition to the well-known adjectival resultative construction in English, I investigate the resultative V-V compound, found in Japanese, and the resultative serial verb construction, found in Edo.
I propose a new classification of these constructions, which focuses on the argument structure of the construction. In Japanese resultative V-V compounds, the argument structure of a compound reflects the argument structure of the second verb only, while in Edo, the argument structure of the construction reflects the argument structure of both verbs involved. With this criterion, English resultative constructions are divided into two classes---a resultative construction containing an intransitive verb is classified with Japanese resultative V-V compounds, and a resultative construction containing an object-selecting verb is classified with Edo resultative serial verb constructions.
Based on the classification provided here, I investigate two types of syntactic operations which license the concatenation of the predicates in resultative constructions. I argue that English intransitive resultative constructions and Japanese resultative V-V compounds are formed by adjoining one of the predicates on the other. The adjunction structure is then interpreted as conjunction called event identification. In contrast, English transitive resultative constructions and Edo resultative serial verb constructions are licensed by treating one of the predicates as a causative predicate. I argue that one of the predicates in these constructions undergoes lexical coercion, and acquires a causative meaning. The newly-formed causative verb takes the other predicate of the construction as its complement. This structure is then interpreted with function-application. I hence argue that the structural difference between the two types of resultative constructions also mirrors the difference in the type of semantic operations used to interpret these constructions.
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Books on the topic "Comparative semantics"

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Edda, Weigand, ed. Contrastive lexical semantics. Amsterdam: J. Benjamins, 1998.

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Tim, Stowell, and Wehrli Eric, eds. Syntax and semantics. New York: Academic Press, 1992.

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Abrusán, Márta. Weak island semantics. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014.

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van Breugel, Franck. Comparative Metric Semantics of Programming Languages. Boston, MA: Birkhäuser Boston, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-4160-7.

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Carpenter, Bob. Type-logical semantics. Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press, 1997.

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Erzinki︠a︡n, E. L. Deĭkticheskai︠a︡ semantika slova. Erevan: Izd-vo Erevanskogo universiteta, 1988.

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Valin, Robert D. Van. The syntax-semantics interface. New York: Cambridge Univeristy Press, 2005.

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1965-, Van Geenhoven Veerle, and Max Planck Institut für Psycholinguistik (Nijmegen, Netherlands), eds. Semantics in acquisition. [New York]: Springer, 2008.

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Ravin, Yael. Lexical semantics without thematic roles. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1990.

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Shelii︠a︡, M. D. Dialektika i︠a︡zyka i rechi i metodologicheskie osnovy izvuchenii︠a︡ ravnoznachnosti. Tbilisi: Izd. Tbilisskogo universiteta, 1987.

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Book chapters on the topic "Comparative semantics"

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van Breugel, Franck. "Operational semantics." In Comparative Metric Semantics of Programming Languages, 53–78. Boston, MA: Birkhäuser Boston, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-4160-7_4.

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Arsenijević, Boban. "Chapter 17. Inner aspect and the comparative quantifiers." In Crossroads Semantics, 281–304. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/z.210.17bob.

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Fernando, Tim. "Comparative transition system semantics." In Computer Science Logic, 149–66. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-56992-8_11.

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De Bosschere, Koenraad, and Jean-Marie Jacquet. "Comparative semantics of μLog." In PARLE '92 Parallel Architectures and Languages Europe, 909–26. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-55599-4_132.

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Hehner, Eric C. R., and Andrew J. Malton. "Termination Conventions and Comparative Semantics." In Logic of Programming and Calculi of Discrete Design, 79–97. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-87374-4_4.

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van Breugel, Franck. "Introduction." In Comparative Metric Semantics of Programming Languages, 1–8. Boston, MA: Birkhäuser Boston, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-4160-7_1.

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van Breugel, Franck. "Domain equations." In Comparative Metric Semantics of Programming Languages, 11–17. Boston, MA: Birkhäuser Boston, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-4160-7_2.

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van Breugel, Franck. "Linear and branching domains." In Comparative Metric Semantics of Programming Languages, 19–49. Boston, MA: Birkhäuser Boston, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-4160-7_3.

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van Breugel, Franck. "Nondeterministic choice." In Comparative Metric Semantics of Programming Languages, 79–96. Boston, MA: Birkhäuser Boston, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-4160-7_5.

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van Breugel, Franck. "Random assignment." In Comparative Metric Semantics of Programming Languages, 97–115. Boston, MA: Birkhäuser Boston, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-4160-7_6.

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Conference papers on the topic "Comparative semantics"

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Todoran, Eneia Nicolae. "Comparative semantics for modern communication abstractions." In 2008 International Conference on Intelligent Computer Communication and Processing (ICCP). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccp.2008.4648367.

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Trigaux, Jean-christophe, Patrick Heymans, Pierre-yves Schobbens, and Andreas Classen. "Comparative semantics of Feature Diagrams: FFD vs. vDFD." In Fourth International Workshop on Comparative Evaluation in Requirements Engineering (CERE'06 - RE'06 Workshop). IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cere.2006.1.

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Olawsky, Duane E. "The lexical semantics of comparative expressions in a multi-level semantic processor." In the 27th annual meeting. Morristown, NJ, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.3115/981623.981644.

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Jan, Mathieu, Mihail Asavoae, Martin Schoeberl, and Edward A. Lee. "Formal Semantics of Predictable Pipelines: a Comparative Study." In 2020 25th Asia and South Pacific Design Automation Conference (ASP-DAC). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/asp-dac47756.2020.9045351.

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Wang, T. "COMPARATIVE STUDY OF RUSSIAN AND CHINESE SONGS PATRIOTISM SEMANTICS." In ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF LINGUISTICS AND LITERARY STUDIES. TSU Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/978-5-907442-02-3-2021-52.

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Zhu, Nafei, Min Zhang, Dengguo Feng, and Jingsha He. "How Well Can WordNet Measure Privacy: A Comparative Study?" In 2017 13th International Conference on Semantics, Knowledge and Grids (SKG). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/skg.2017.00016.

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Jackulin Sam Gini A and A. Chandrasekar. "Web service composition techniques based on semantics: A comparative study." In 2015 International Conference on Control, Instrumentation, Communication and Computational Technologies (ICCICCT). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccicct.2015.7475360.

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Lidzhieva, L. A. "Semantics Of Indirect Moods In Russian And Kalmyk Languages: Comparative Analysis." In SCTCGM 2018 - Social and Cultural Transformations in the Context of Modern Globalism. Cognitive-Crcs, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2019.03.02.149.

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Branco, António, João António Rodrigues, Malgorzata Salawa, Ruben Branco, and Chakaveh Saedi. "Comparative Probing of Lexical Semantics Theories for Cognitive Plausibility and Technological Usefulness." In Proceedings of the 28th International Conference on Computational Linguistics. Stroudsburg, PA, USA: International Committee on Computational Linguistics, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/2020.coling-main.354.

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Khudobina, Olga F. "Comparative Analysis Of Color Designation Semantics In Khanty, Mansi, And Russian Languages." In International Scientific Forum «National Interest, National Identity and National Security». European Publisher, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2021.02.02.61.

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Reports on the topic "Comparative semantics"

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Lebedenko, Nataliia. Комунікативні дієслова в текстах новинних повідомлень (за матеріалами інформаційного агентства «Укрінформ»). Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, March 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2023.52-53.11743.

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The article is devoted to the analysis of communicative verbs. Scientists analyzed communicative verbs in artistic texts, in biblical texts, and fairy tales. But there are no scientific works on verbs of speech in the language of the media. The Ukrainian language has all the means by which you can create a concrete and imaginative informational text. It is the verbs that make the text come alive. These are action words that improve the orality of the text. The research is based on the materials of the Ukrinform information agency. Speech verbs from 10 news reports for December 3, 2022 were analyzed. A total of 30 lexemes were recorded. They occur in the texts 73 times. And make up 31.2% of all verbs and 3.6% of all words. All verbs are divided into 22 groups according to semantics. The most common is the group with the meaning “to inform,”. Etymologically, 7 lexemes have borrowed roots, the rest are Proto-Slavic in origin. With the help of communicative verbs, journalists convey various shades of meaning and quality of someone else’s speech in the texts of news reports. The lexemes of oral speech penetrate into the written network text as well, creating new forms and platforms of communication. Prospects for further research are that there is a need to study communicative verbs in the language of traditional and new media, to make a comparative analysis of their use in different types of media, to trace the etymological connections between lexemes for more thorough conclusions. Key words: speech verbs, communicative verbs, news reports.
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Kolieva, Irina, and Victoria Lovyannikova. COMPARATIVE SEMANTIC ANALYSIS OF COLOUR TERMS IN THE GERMAN, RUSSIAN AND OSSETIA LANGUAGES (BASED ON LEXICOGRAPHIC SOURCES). DOI CODE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/doicode-2023.181.

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BIZIKOEVA, L. S., and G. S. KOKOEV. МЕТАФОРЫ ШЕКСПИРА КАК ПЕРЕВОДЧЕСКАЯ ПРОБЛЕМА (НА МАТЕРИАЛЕ ПЕРЕВОДА ТРАГЕДИИ "РОМЕО И ДЖУЛЬЕТТА" НА РУССКИЙ И ОСЕТИНСКИЙ ЯЗЫКИ). Science and Innovation Center Publishing House, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/2077-1770-2020-3-3-95-106.

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Purpose. The goal of the present article is to analyze the original text of the tragedy “Romeo and Juliette” and its translations into the Russian and Ossetian languages to reveal Shakespeare’s metaphors for further analysis of the ways they are translated and possible problems translators might come across while translating. The main methods employed in the research are: the method of contextual analysis, the descriptive-analytical and the contrastive method. Results. The research was based on the theory of Shakespeare’s metaphor introduced by S.M. Mezenin. According to S.M. Mezenin the revealed metaphors were divided into several semantic groups the most numerous of which comprises metaphors with the semantic model “man - nature” that once again proved the idea of Caroline Spurgeon. The analysis of the translations into the Russian and Ossetian languages showed that translators do not always manage to preserve in the translated text unique Shakespeare’s metaphors. Practical implications. The received results can be used in teaching theory and practice of translation, cultural science, comparative lexicology of the Ossetian and Russian languages and the Ossetian and English languages.
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Pikilnyak, Andrey V., Nadia M. Stetsenko, Volodymyr P. Stetsenko, Tetiana V. Bondarenko, and Halyna V. Tkachuk. Comparative analysis of online dictionaries in the context of the digital transformation of education. [б. в.], June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/4431.

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The article is devoted to a comparative analysis of popular online dictionaries and an overview of the main tools of these resources to study a language. The use of dictionaries in learning a foreign language is an important step to understanding the language. The effectiveness of this process increases with the use of online dictionaries, which have a lot of tools for improving the educational process. Based on the Alexa Internet resource it was found the most popular online dictionaries: Cambridge Dictionary, Wordreference, Merriam–Webster, Wiktionary, TheFreeDictionary, Dictionary.com, Glosbe, Collins Dictionary, Longman Dictionary, Oxford Dictionary. As a result of the deep analysis of these online dictionaries, we found out they have the next standard functions like the word explanations, transcription, audio pronounce, semantic connections, and examples of use. In propose dictionaries, we also found out the additional tools of learning foreign languages (mostly English) that can be effective. In general, we described sixteen functions of the online platforms for learning that can be useful in learning a foreign language. We have compiled a comparison table based on the next functions: machine translation, multilingualism, a video of pronunciation, an image of a word, discussion, collaborative edit, the rank of words, hints, learning tools, thesaurus, paid services, sharing content, hyperlinks in a definition, registration, lists of words, mobile version, etc. Based on the additional tools of online dictionaries we created a diagram that shows the functionality of analyzed platforms.
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Velychko, Zoriana, and Roman Sotnyk. LINGUISTIC PRESENTATION AND TERMINOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF THE HOLODOMOR OF THE 1920s AND 1930s. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, March 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2024.54-55.12166.

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The article reveals and analyses a wide range of terms for the Holodomor of the 1920s and 1930s in Ukraine. The main objectives of the study are to find out the peculiarities of the linguistic presentation of the Holodomor phenomenon in scientific, popular science, and journalistic discourses, and to reveal semantic differences in the use of various terms for the Holodomor used in different languages. The main methodological bases of the study are linguistic analysis, socio-cultural method, qualitative content analysis, comparative method, etc. The method of retrospection must be used to substantiate the hypothesis. Thus, the reasons for the formation of the semantic contours of the terms “Holodomor”, “Famine”, “Great Famine”, “Terror by Famine”, “Big Hunger”, etc. were clarified. At the same time, the semantic nuances of word use are identified. As a conclusion, the authors substantiate the fundamental importance of using the term “Holodomor-genocide” in scientific circulation as the one that most accurately represents the essence of the historical phenomenon of the Holodomor. Based on the analysis of the documents, the content of the term “genocide” is formulated. It is explained that the Holodomor is genocide of the Ukrainian people, just as the Holocaust is genocide of the Jewish people. The authors prove the anti-Ukrainian orientation of the consistent and deliberate policy of Stalin and his followers against the Ukrainian nation, which culminated in the murder by starvation. These research findings are significant not only for the development of Ukrainian terminology or international terminology. They are also of great importance for modern politics, political science and historiography, and jurisprudence, especially in the context of a new genocide – the Russian Federation’s full-scale war of aggression against Ukraine. Keywords: Holodomor; genocide; Ukraine; Stalin’s terror; terminology.
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Moawad, Lise, and Cornelia Schendzielorz. Transformative R&I policies and their norm(alis)ing effect of societal impact. Fteval - Austrian Platform for Research and Technology Policy Evaluation, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22163/fteval.2022.545.

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In 2014, UK higher education institutions implemented a new system for assessing the quality of research, the Research Excellence Framework (REF) and took the opportunity to introduce "impact beyond academia" as a 'new' assessment criterion. Transformation and innovation-oriented R&I policy are roughly similar in Norway and the Netherlands regarding underlying ideas as well as timing. In occasion of this convergence this article tackles the discursive and performative construction of “societal impact” as a metamorphic constantly changing, transforming, and evolving criterion. Using data from policy documents from the UK, the Netherlands, and Norway from 2014 until now, the comparative semantic analysis draws on theories of speech acts and performativity to reveal the dual effect (normalising and norming) of the discursive device by R&I policymakers. The resulting typology, based on four criteria (terminology, positive and negative valences, oikonomia of knowledge and policy slogan), sets the ground for the exploration of further dimensions of societal impact evaluation challenges.
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Chornodon, Myroslava. FEAUTURES OF GENDER IN MODERN MASS MEDIA. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2021.49.11064.

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The article clarifies of gender identity stereotypes in modern media. The main gender stereotypes covered in modern mass media are analyzed and refuted. The model of gender relations in the media is reflected mainly in the stereotypical images of men and woman. The features of the use of gender concepts in modern periodicals for women and men were determined. The most frequently used derivatives of these macroconcepts were identified and analyzed in detail. It has been found that publications for women and men are full of various gender concepts that are used in different contexts. Ingeneral, theanalysisofthe concept-maximums and concept-minimum gender and their characteristics is carried out in the context of gender stereotypes that have been forme dand function in the society, system atizing the a ctual presentations. The study of the gender concept is relevant because it reveals new trends and features of modern gender images. Taking into account the special features of gender-labeled periodicals in general and the practical absence of comprehensive scientific studies of the gender concept in particular, there is a need to supplement Ukrainian science with this topic. Gender psychology, which is served by methods of various sciences, primarily sociological, pedagogical, linguistic, psychological, socio-psychological. Let us pay attention to linguistic and psycholinguistic methods in gender studies. Linguistic methods complement intelligence research tasks, associated with speech, word and text. Psycholinguistic methods used in gender psychology (semantic differential, semantic integral, semantic analysis of words and texts), aimed at studying speech messages, specific mechanisms of origin and perception, functions of speech activity in society, studying the relationship between speech messages and gender properties participants in the communication, to analyze the linguistic development in connection with the general development of the individual. Nowhere in gender practice there is the whole arsenal of psychological methods that allow you to explore psychological peculiarities of a person like observation, experiments, questionnaires, interviews, testing, modeling, etc. The methods of psychological self-diagnostics include: the gender aspect of the own socio-psychological portrait, a gender biography as a variant of the biographical method, aimed at the reconstruction of individual social experience. In the process of writing a gender autobiography, a person can understand the characteristics of his gender identity, as well as ways and means of their formation. Socio-psychological methods of studying gender include the study of socially constructed women’s and men’s roles, relationships and identities, sexual characteristics, psychological characteristics, etc. The use of gender indicators and gender approaches as a means of socio-psychological and sociological analysis broadens the subject boundaries of these disciplines and makes them the subject of study within these disciplines. And also, in the article a combination of concrete-historical, structural-typological, system-functional methods is implemented. Descriptive and comparative methods, method of typology, modeling are used. Also used is a method of content analysis for the study of gender content of modern gender-stamped journals. It was he who allowed quantitatively to identify and explore the features of the gender concept in the pages of periodicals for women and men. A combination of historical, structural-typological, system-functional methods is also implemented in the article. Descriptive and comparative methods, method of typology, modeling are used. A method of content analysis for the study of gender content of modern gender-labeled journals is also used. It allowed to identify and explore the features of the gender concept quantitatively in the periodicals for women and men. The conceptual perception and interpretation of the gender concept «woman», which is highlighted in the modern gender-labeled press in Ukraine, requires the elaboration of the polyfunctionality of gender interpretations, the comprehension of the metaphorical perception of this image and its role and purpose in society. A gendered approach to researching the gender content of contemporary periodicals for women and men. Conceptual analysis of contemporary gender-stamped publications within the gender conceptual sphere allows to identify and correlate the meta-gender and gender concepts that appear in society.
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Kapelyushnyi, Anatolyi. TRANSFORMATION OF WORD-FORMS DURING THEIR SPONTANEOUS CREATION IN LIVE TELEVISION BROADCASTIN: ADJECTIVES ADVERBS. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2022.51.11409.

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The article analyzes transformation of word-forms during spontaneous creation in live television broadcasting. Particular attention is paid to adjectives adverbs. The specific properties of adverbs makes it easier to trace general trends in their transformations, because adverbs are not burdened with many different forms and their variations, that occur in the process of word change of some other class of words at the same time adverbiatives allow to analyze in more detail the semantical and grammatical structure of speech. The main method we use is to observe the speech of live TV journalist, we used during the study methods of comparative analysis of comparison of theoretical positions from the work of individual linguists and journalists. Our objective is to trace these transformations and develop a certain attitude towards them in our researches of the language of the media and practicing journalists to support positive trends in the development of the broadcasting on TV and give recommendations for overcoming certain negative trends. All studies of the problems of transformation of grammatical forms in different ways relate to translation studies, mostly investigate the grammatical transformations, that the translator resorted to, when reproducing the original by means of another language. At first glance, it would be logical, if the live speech of television journalists was dominated by transformations? Associated with the translation from internal to foreign broadcasting in cases where natural for this TV journalists is Russian-speaking internal broadcasting and he reproducing the text from internal Russian-speaking. The transformation of grammatical forms however this cannot be seen in the live use of adverbiatives. An interesting trend can also be seen in the transformation of different types of gramma­tical forms. In particular, negative interference is mostly characteristic of the forms of corporate adverbs. Forms of the same word with the same grammatical meaning is such overlapping of two forms of the same grammatical meaning is practically impossible outside of adjectives adverbial and adjectives themselves. Only a small number of transformations are associated with the forms of superlatives.
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