Relevant bibliographies by topics / Comparative value

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Comparative value'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 9 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Comparative value"

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Anikina, Nadezhda, Sofia Cherviak, and Nonna Gnilomedova. "Wine Nutrition Value: Comparative Analysis." Food Industry 5, no. 4 (December 25, 2020): 5–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.29141/2500-1922-2020-5-4-1.

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Consumers awareness of the energy value of wines leads to a more conscious approach to the wine products choice, considering the rational nutrition principles. Excessive consumption of alcoholic beverages can pose a threat to the human health. The purpose of the research carried out by the authors was to determine the energy value of different types of wines by an interna- tional method developed by the International Association of official analytical chemists. A man determined physical and chemical parameters in the wines: the volume fraction of ethyl alcohol, the mass concentration of the reduced extract and sugars. The wine condition is a determining energy value factor: for table wines, this indicator is 59-158 kcal and increases from dry to sweet, while the contribution of ethyl alcohol to the value of the indicator can reach 93.0 %; the energy value of liqueur wines varies in the range of 79-208 kcal. Carbohydrates, represented by simple sugars, provide up to 45.0 % of the caloric content; differences in the indicator for dry wines of the two groups range from 20.0 to 50.0 %. The researchers carried out the systematization of liqueur wines depending on the type in order to increase energy value: Sherry → Marsala → Madeira → Port wine → Сahors wine → Tokay → Muscat → Malaga.
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Caiden, Gerald E. "The value of comparative analysis." International Journal of Public Administration 12, no. 3 (January 1989): 459–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01900698908524634.

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GARCIA, J. L. A. "The Problem of Comparative Value." Mind XCVIII, no. 390 (1989): 277–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mind/xcviii.390.277.

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Indarti, Sri, and Yulia Efni. "Comparative study." International Journal of Law and Management 60, no. 2 (March 12, 2018): 311–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijlma-12-2016-0160.

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Purpose This paper aims to investigate the role of corporate social responsibility (CSR) funding through Partnership and Development Nurturing Program (PDNP) in the development of entrepreneurial attitude and the small and micro entrepreneurs’ (SMEs’) income in Pekanbaru. Design/methodology/approach Primary data were obtained from the SMEs’ response to the development of entrepreneurial attitude, income of sales and expenses before and after getting PDNP fund. Secondary data were obtained from the publication of firms and relevant authorities. The sample used in this study comprised 95 respondents, including the SMEs in Pekanbaru who received PDNP fund in 2013 and who were selected by purposive sampling. Generalized structural component analysis (GSCA) was used to analyze the data for inner model (hypothesis testing for structural model) and outer model (measurement model for unobservable variables). Sobel test (under GSCA model) was used to test whether a variable is a mediating variable that assesses the relationship between endogenous variables and exogenous variables. Findings CSR funding (by PNBP fund) is significantly effective for entrepreneurial attitude. The higher value of CSR funding (by PNBP fund), which is reflected in the high values of turnover (X1), marketing coverage (X2), partnership program (X3) and sales (X4), will lead to a higher value of entrepreneurial attitude, which is reflected in the high value of planning (M1), confidence (M2), orientation to task (M3), risk taking (M4), leadership (M5) and honesty (M6). Entrepreneurial attitude significantly affects the income of SMEs. The higher value of entrepreneurial attitude, which is reflected in the high value of planning (M1), confidence (M2), orientation to task (M3), risk taking (M4), leadership (M5) and honesty (M6), will lead to a higher value of income of SMEs, which is reflected in the high value of effectivity (Y1), efficiency (Y2) and economist (Y3). CSR funding (by PNBP Fund) has a significant effect on the SMEs’ income with a mediation effect of entrepreneurial attitude. A high value of CSR funding (by PNBP Fund), which is reflected in the high values of turnover (X1), marketing coverage (X2), partnership program (X3) and sales (X4), will lead to a higher value of income of SMEs, which is reflected in the high value of effectivity (Y1), efficiency (Y2) and economist (Y3), if the value of entrepreneurial attitude is higher, which is reflected in the high values of planning (M1), confidence (M2), orientation to task (M3), risk taking (M4), leadership (M5) and honesty (M6). Originality/value A gap exists between the expected goals of SMEs, which is to increase people’s income through the development of their entrepreneurship, and the realization of the program. Hence, it is necessary to improve the implementation of the partnership program, which needs improvement in planning, process and the evaluation of the program. This phenomenon motivated the researcher to conduct this study so that the partnership and the community development program, as a form of CSR, benefit SMEs to increase their income.
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Posłuszny, Krzysztof. "Application of sustainable value in comparative analysis of companies." Studia i Prace WNEiZ 49 (2017): 77–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.18276/sip.2017.49/1-07.

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Kommers, Donald P. "The Value of Comparative Constitutional Law." German Law Journal 20, no. 4 (May 2019): 524–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/glj.2019.45.

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Lee, Soo Hee, Jonathan Michie, and Christine Oughton. "Comparative Corporate Governance: Beyond ‘Shareholder Value’." Journal of Interdisciplinary Economics 14, no. 2 (April 2003): 81–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/02601079x03001400201.

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This paper serves as an introduction to the special issue on comparative corporate governance as well as providing a critical review of the literature on globalisation, comparative economic organisation and corporate governance systems. Despite the widespread rhetoric of global convergence and market-led institutional reform, we argue that national specificity and societal variance of institutional arrangements are still conspicuously resilient in reality and pertinent to issues of regulation, policy and business strategy. Our discussion focuses on the limitations of agency theory and its primary objective, shareholder value maximisation, on the one hand, and the determinants and consequences of institutional diversity across societies on the other. In particular, we suggest that the integration of the literature on employee participation and innovation systems into comparative institutional analysis will serve as a promising alternative to shareholder-centred theories and policy prescriptions while complementing the arguments based on legal and political origins of national systems. While the contributions to the special issue broadly share the basic tenets of our argument, they also address, in commendable rigour and depth, other issues, such as: trust and social relationships; societal and moral foundations of economic behaviour; institutional transferablity; and corporate control and power relations in society.
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Hawkey, C. M. "The value of comparative haematological studies." Comparative Haematology International 1, no. 1 (February 1991): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00422687.

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Vikulova, Larissa G., Evgenia F. Serebrennikova, Olga V. Vostrikova, and Svetlana A. Gerasimova. "Linguistic axiological analysis of tokens ‘valeur / value’: a comparative approach." Philological Sciences. Scientific Essays of Higher Education, no. 1 (January 2018): 3–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.20339/phs.1-18.003.

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Toktogonova, G., and M. Karimova. "Value of Comparative Law for the Kyrgyz Republic." Bulletin of Science and Practice 7, no. 3 (March 15, 2021): 269–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/64/31.

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The article considers the relevance of comparative law as a science and method that contribute to the development of law on the territory of the state and international private law relations. The article describes the importance of comparative law for legal education in the modern legal life of the Kyrgyz Republic. The article examines the contribution of comparative law to the improvement of the national legal system of the Kyrgyz Republic. The article considers the importance of comparative law in creating favorable conditions for fruitful cooperation of lawyers from different countries.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Comparative value"

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Wagner, Christopher. "Comparative grain storage analysis." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/35752.

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Master of Agribusiness
Department of Agricultural Economics
Brian C. Briggeman
Grain Elevators have towered the plains of Southwest Kansas for over the last half of a century. Many of these large white concrete structures were built during the 1950s using a slip form concrete design. While new grain storage has been built over time, many of the original slip form structures remain a large part of the farm cooperatives storage capacity. Grain production has continued to increase and put greater demand on storage facilities and handling capabilities. Thus, there is a need for cooperatives to meet the future demands of farmers by replacing or updating grain storage assets. The objective of this project is to provide a comparative analysis of grain storage options that a cooperative, primarily the Garden City Co-op, Inc. (GCC), could utilize in making a decision to update or replace grain storage assets. The project examines three different options for grain storage including concrete, steel, and bunker storage. The project will also examine extending the life of an original slip form elevator by installing a gunite bin liner. To determine which option that provides the most economic benefit to GCC and its members, Net Present Value and the Internal Rate of Return are estimated for each grain storage option. GCC historical grain handling margins and grain storage costs were derived from historical averages and bids from projects GCC has undertaken in the past five years, respectively. The model assumes receipts as a percentage of storage to accurately represent bushels handled by a facility. Grain storage is highly variable in initial cost and the operational needs will change in every circumstance. The results indicate that a large volume of grain is needed before economic profits will be realized.
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Moncaleano, Sebastian. "Examining the Comparative Measurement Value of Technology-Enhanced Items:." Thesis, Boston College, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/bc-ir:109086.

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Thesis advisor: Michael Russell
The growth of computer-based testing over the last two decades has motivated the creation of innovative item formats. It is often argued that technology-enhanced items (TEIs) provide better measurement of test-takers’ knowledge, skills, and abilities by increasing the authenticity of tasks presented to test-takers (Sireci & Zenisky, 2006). Despite the popularity of TEIs in operational assessments, there remains little psychometric research on these innovative item formats. Claims regarding their potential to provide better measurement are seldomly explored. This dissertation adds to this limited body of research by developing theory and proposing a methodology to compare TEIs to traditional item formats. This study investigated how to judge the comparative measurement value (CMV) of two drag-and-drop technology-enhanced formats (classification and rank-ordering) relative to stem-equivalent multiple-choice items. Items were administered to a sample of adults and results were calibrated using a 2-parameter logistic IRT model. Moreover, the utility of the TEIs was evaluated according to the TEI Utility Framework (Russell, 2016). Four indicators were identified as the most valuable characteristics to judge CMV and then combined into a hierarchical decision protocol. When applied, this protocol provides a CMV judgment and a recommendation of the preferred item format. Applying the protocol to the items revealed that most TEIs examined in this study showed decreased CMV, indicating that in a real-life scenario the multiple-choice format would be favored for most of these item pairs. Recommendations for the use of the CMV protocol and directions of future related research are discussed
Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2021
Submitted to: Boston College. Lynch School of Education
Discipline: Educational Research, Measurement and Evaluation
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Simpson, Faye Alexandra. "The values of community archaeology : a comparative assessment." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10036/86115.

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Does community archaeology work? Worldwide over the last decade, there has been a boom in projects utilising the popular phrase ‘community archaeology’. These projects take many different forms, stretching from the public-face of research and developer-funded programmes to projects run by museums, archaeological units, universities and archaeological societies. Many of these projects are driven by the desire for archaeology to meet a range of perceived educational and social values in bringing about knowledge and awareness of the past in the present. They are also motivated by the desire to secure adequate funding for archaeological research. However, appropriate criteria and methodologies for evaluating the effectiveness of these projects have yet to be designed. This thesis sets out a methodology based on self-reflexivity and ethnology. It focuses on community excavations, in a range of contexts both in the UK and US. It assesses the values these projects produce for communities and evaluates what community archaeology actually does. It concludes that community archaeology frequently fails to balance the desired outcomes of its stakeholders. It suffers from its short-term funding and, therefore, often lacks sustainability, which hampers its ability to produce and maintain values. Evaluation of projects should be qualitative as well as quantitative in establishing the cost effectiveness of projects. Subsequently, recommendations are made for future community archaeology project designs.
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Van, der Horst Andreas J. (Andreas Jan). "Organisational decision making : a comparative study." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52982.

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On title page: MPhil (Value Analysis and Policy Formulation).
Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2002.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This thesis is a study in the field of organisational decision making. The focus is on decision making where the organisation is the unit of analysis (as opposed to the individual). It is a systemic approach rather than a behavioural or personal approach. The methodology employed is a conceptual study, which comprises the description and discussion of four models of decision making. Each model is discussed individually. The models date from the late 1940's to the middle 1970's and are known as the 'rational', 'procedural', 'political' and 'anarchic' models of organisational decision making. In conclusion, a major problem in the understanding of organisational decision making is discussed. This problem relates to how generic organisational decision making activity can be understood, without having to consider the behavioural features of decision making.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie tesis is 'n studie op die gebied van besluitneming in organisasies. Die fokus is op besluitneming, waar die organisasie die eenheid van ontleding is (en nie die individu nie). Die benadering is sistemies eerder as 'n gedragsbenadering of persoonlike benadering. Die metodologie is 'n konseptuele studie en behels die verduideliking en bespreking van vier modelle van besluitneming. Elke model word individueel bespreek. Die modelle dateer vanaf die laat 1940' s tot die middel 1970' s en staan onderskeidelik bekend as die 'rasionele', 'prosedurale' , 'politieke' en 'anargiese' modelle van organisatoriese besluitneming. Ten slotte word 'n beduidende probleem rakende die verstaan van besluitneming in organisasies bespreek. Hierdie probleem hou verband met hoe generiese organisatoriese besluitnemingsaktiwiteit verstaan kan word, sonder om te hoef verwys na die gedragsaspekte van besluitneming.
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Seles, Sheila Murphy. "Audience research for fun and profit : rediscovering the value of television audiences." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/59574.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Comparative Media Studies, 2010.
This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 121-128).
The American television industry is in a moment of transition because of changes brought about by digital distribution and audience fragmentation. This thesis argues that the television industry can no longer adapt to the changing media landscape because structural relationships and business logics forged in previous eras do not allow for meaningful innovation. This project investigates how these relationships evolved and how they can be made more flexible to meet the challenges of digital distribution and digitally networked audiences. Legacy relationships, logics, and measurement methods have prevented the television industry from maximizing the value of increasingly fragmented television audiences. Publishers, advertisers, and measurement companies have historically been able to get around the limitations of their relationships to one another, but they are now faced with increasing competition from digital companies that understand how to make fragmented audiences valuable. This thesis argues that the methodologies and corporate ethos of successful online companies can serve as a model for the television industry, or they can be its undoing. This project also argues that the television ratings system is no longer serving the television industry, the advertising industry, and television audiences. The television industry has the opportunity to develop a system of audience measurement that maintains the residual value of television audiences while accounting for the value of audience expression. To leverage the true value of the television audience, the television industry must reconcile the commodity value of the audience with the cultural value that viewers derive from television programming. This thesis proposes that the cultural value of content should augment the commodity value of the audience. This project concludes that the television industry should reconfigure its economic structure by looking to other digital business, experimenting with new business models online, and actively exploring emergent sites of audience value.
by Sheila Murphy Seles.
S.M.
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Li, Xian, and Qian Cao. "A Comparative Study of Value in Agile Software Development Organizations." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för programvaruteknik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-13981.

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Context. Agile software development mainly focuses on value creation, and the first principle of theAgile Manifesto is to deliver a valuable software to customers. In spite of the great significance of value,there are few studies investigated what value is from the perspective of industry practitioners. Objectives. In this study we perform a replication study about value definitions, usage, andmeasurements in China and make a comparative analysis with the similar study did in Sweden. Theprimary objectives of this study are to: a) identify value aspects from Chinese software organizations;b) list and describe activities to achieve or maximize the value aspects, and also with the measurements;c) find the similarities and differences between China and Sweden. Methods. The data was collected by using the semi-structured interviews from 30 participants in 20Chinese agile software development organizations. We utilized the content analysis and the Statisticsmethods to analyze the 30 data points. Results. The participants identified 18 value aspects and prioritized them, and the value aspects wereanalyzed by domains and roles. The three most important value aspects are the Delivery process w.r.t.time, Organization, and Team members; different domain focused on different value aspects; the projectmanager concerned more about the Delivery process w.r.t. time, Organization, and Team members,while the product owners focused more on Customer satisfaction. Then, we list and described theactivities to achieve or maximize the value aspects, described some methods and strategies tomeasure/assure/evaluate them. Most of the activities were related to agile practices and the mostactivities were used to achieve the Delivery process w.r.t. time. Finally, we presented the similaritiesand differences between those value results from China and Sweden, the most important difference isthat the Swedish participants put the Customer value perspective at the first place, while Chineseparticipants would like to balance the value between Customer and Internal Business. Conclusions. We concluded that: 1) the Chinese participants thought that the key success factor of asoftware product was to delivery it with high quality to customers on time; 2) the main activities toachieve value were related to agile practices, and some participants used some tools to assure projectprocess; 3) For better communications and collaborations between Chinese and Swedish softwarecompanies, we recommend: a) for Chinese companies, they need to i) concern more about Customerperspective than before; ii) understand the core concepts of agile methods and their using contexts forflexible application; iii) transfer from traditional organization architecture to project-based organizationarchitecture; b) for Swedish companies, they need to i) focus more on Internal business perspective; ii)use some tools and methods to achieve their value aspects; iii) find a suitable way to collaborate betweenagile teams and non-agile teams.
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Uddin, Mohammad Taj. "VALUE CHAINS AND STANDARDS IN SHRIMP EXPORT." 名古屋大学大学院国際開発研究科, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/10939.

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Zavoleas, Ioannis. "Restating artistic value : why do people pay 2,000,000 US.D. for a urinal signed by R. Mutt?" Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/39187.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Comparative Media Studies, 2004.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 110-115).
This thesis examines how Marcel Duchamp's artwork Fountain has been reproduced and evaluated over time. The original piece was made in 1917 and was lost soon after it was created. Fountain has become renowned through its representations, descriptions, and copies and replicas of various scale; consequently, any later artistic critique was directed at the reproductions, rather than the original piece. Considering the fact that the original no longer exists, Fountain's reproductions somewhat reflect the artistic aura of the original, especially when Duchamp was personally involved in their creation. Fountain's reproductions may be viewed as originally (re-)produced artworks on their own. This thesis studies the processes of artistic evaluation applied to Fountain's reproductions. Fountain is a special example for the following reasons: When it first appeared in 1917, it openly posed the question of whether objects mass-produced by manufacture can be given artistic value. Moreover, since Fountain's artistic evaluation has been attributed to the reproductions, Fountain extends the question of attributing artistic value to reproduced objects, to artistic value attributed to reproduced art, in turn also raising questions about the relationship between original and copy.
(cont.) Finally, the artistic evaluation of Fountain has changed radically over time, further evincing the inherently ambiguous and subjective character of artistic evaluations, interpretations and debates. In order to respond to these subjects, this thesis compares the documentary information we have about Fountain, from photographs to descriptions and replicas, in order to analyze how artistic interpretations of the reproductions have gradually qualified Fountain's artistic reputation. A close examination of these reproductions raises dilemmas in regards to Fountain's artifactual status, as these may also be extended to reconsider its characterization as a ready-made. This thesis highlights the dilemmas underlying the interpretations and evaluations about Fountain and questions any presumption of direct analogy or similarity between the original and the reproductions. It explains these presumptions as the outcome of mechanisms of artistic evaluation and support. These mechanisms express the art system, operating each time in order to promote, or to suppress, any artwork. Over time, new artistic standards were being introduced transforming the art system in which Duchamp's artwork would be artistically appraised.
by Ioannis Zavoleas.
S.M.
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Mbeau, ache Cyril. "Comparative demography and life history evolution of plants." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/3201.

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Explaining the origin and maintenance of biodiversity is a central goal in ecology and evolutionary biology. Some of the most important, theoretical explanations for this diversity centre on the evolution of life histories. Comparative studies on life history evolution, have received significant attention in the zoological literature, but have lagged in plants. Recent developments, however, have emphasised the value of comparative analysis of data for many species to test existing theories of life history evolution, as well as to provide the basis for developing additional or alternative theories. The primary goal of this study was to explore existing theories of life history evolution using a dataset of demographic information in the form of matrix population models for a large number of plant species. By projecting average matrix population models for 207 plant species, life tables and fecundity schedules were obtained and, in turn, were used to estimate relevant life history parameters. These parameters were then used to explore the i) lability of life history traits in plants ii) their continuum of life history variation, iii) the evolution of senescence and iv) the significance of demographic entropy in population ecology. Elasticities and sensitivities of life history traits showed significant phylogenetic signal compared to other life history traits, although, all the values of phylogenetic signal observed were < 1 indicating that life history traits are generally labile. Eighty one percent of species in the datset had mortality curves that increased with age compared to one hundred percent of species that showed a reproductive value curve that decreases with age at the end of life. In particular, the parameters that measured pace and duration were inversely related suggesting in general, the presence of senescence in our data set. Finally, the tenets of the directionality theory based on demographic entropy were generally not confirmed. This study provides an important contribution to the life history evolution of iteroparous perennial plants and confirms existing theories on life history evolution.
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Jessica, Stålheim. "Comparative study of established test methods for aggregate strength and durability of Archean rocks from Botswana." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-221250.

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ABSTRACT Comparative study of established test methods for aggregate strength and durabilityof Archean rocks from Botswana In the current situation, river sand is used for building of roads and as raw material forconcrete in Botswana. River sand is a finite resource and important to preserve as itacts as natural water purification, groundwater aquifer and protection against soil erosion.Mining of bedrock may be a good alternative to replace the river sand with crushed rock(aggregates) in concrete and as road materials.The main purpose of this thesis was to determine if the rock grain size can be usedas a parameter to indicate durability and rock strength. It was also of interest to find outif the grain size correlates with established technical analysis and strength test methods.This knowledge can be used as a prospecting tool when searching for new quarry sites inthe future.In this master’s thesis, rock samples from the Gaborone granite complex have beenanalysed to examine how established test methods and the mineral grain size correspondswith the rock strength. By comparing technical properties (Los Angeles (LA) value ,aggregate crushing value (ACV), aggregate impact value (AIV) and 10 percent fines aggregatecrushing test (10 % FACT)) with quantitative analysis (mineral grain size andmineral grain size distribution), it is possible to determine the mineral grain size correspondenceto rock strength. Generally the result show that more fine-grained granitesshow better technical properties than more coarse-grained granites. The calculated meangrain size show weak negative correlation to ACV value, and a positive correlation to LA-, AIV- and 10 % FACT values. Best correlation can be seen between mean grain size andLA values (R2= 0.61) and AIV values (R2= 0.58). Low mean grain size tend to give bettertechnical properties in form of lower LA- and AIV values. The cumulative distributioncurve show that a high concentration of very fine material or fine material tend to contributeto a lower LA value. The results indicate that equigranular rocks with low meangrain size contributes to good technical properties, but when it comes to uneven grainedrock more factors must be taken into account to estimate technical properties.
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Books on the topic "Comparative value"

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Kuczma, John J. Comparative value house buying. [Myrtle Beach, S.C.?]: J.J. Kuczma, 2007.

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Willard, George L. Comparative value of rifled and smooth-bored arms. Highstown, NJ: Longstreet House, 1995.

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Egri, Péter. Value and form: Comparative literature, painting, and music. Budapest: P. Egri, 1993.

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Malik, Vipin. Value reporting and global comparative advantage: Banking & finance. New Delhi: VMA Infomerics Pvt. Ltd., 2005.

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Grewal, Dhruv. The effects of price-comparison advertising on buyers' perceptions of acquisition value and transaction value. Cambridge, Mass: Marketing Science Institute, 1996.

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Grewal, Dhruv. The effects of price-comparison advertising on buyers' perceptions of acquisition value and transaction value. Cambridge, Mass: Marketing Science Institute, 1996.

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Value and virtue in public administration: A comparative perspective. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan, 2011.

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Seton, Francis. Cost, use, and value: The evaluation of performance, structure, and prices across time, space, and economic systems. Oxford [Oxfordshire]: Clarendon Press, 1985.

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Francis, Seton, ed. The economics of cost, use, and value: The evaluation of performance, structure, and prices across time, space and economic systems. Oxford, [England]: Clarendon Press, 1992.

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(Walia), Kuldeep Kaur. Economic analysis of value added tax: A comparative study of Punjab and Haryana. Chandigarh: Unistar Books, 2013.

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Book chapters on the topic "Comparative value"

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Berck, Peter, and Knut Sydsæter. "Comparative statics. Value functions." In Economists’ Mathematical Manual, 119–21. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-11597-8_24.

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Berck, Peter, and Knut Sydsæter. "Comparative statics. Value functions." In Economists’ Mathematical Manual, 119–21. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-02678-6_24.

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Marcus, Jeffrey M. "A Partial Solution to the C-Value Paradox." In Comparative Genomics, 97–105. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11554714_9.

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Tong, Dezhi. "Comparative Analysis of Political Value." In Introduction to Comparative Political Culture, 245–355. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-1574-9_4.

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Wong, Wilson Kia Onn. "Comparative analysis of the five components subsectors." In Automotive Global Value Chain, 263–75. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2018. | Series: Routledge advances in management and business studies ; 71: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315300993-8.

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Taylor, Paul. "The Value of Sport." In A Comparative Philosophy of Sport and Art, 125–39. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-72334-7_9.

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Taylor, Paul. "The Value of Art." In A Comparative Philosophy of Sport and Art, 107–23. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-72334-7_8.

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Kim, Minchul, Carl V. Asche, and Inkyu K. Kim. "The Question of Value." In Applying Comparative Effectiveness Data to Medical Decision Making, 63–81. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-23329-1_6.

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Mischler, Matt, and Jessica Hanks. "The Value of Prevention." In Applying Comparative Effectiveness Data to Medical Decision Making, 97–113. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-23329-1_8.

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Sharma, Namrata. "Makiguchi, Ikeda, and Gandhi: A Brief Comparative Study." In Value-Creating Global Citizenship Education, 15–41. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-78244-7_2.

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Conference papers on the topic "Comparative value"

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Xiao-gang, Wang. "Comparative research of broadspectrum theory of value and dialectical value." In 2011 International Conference on E-Business and E-Government (ICEE). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icebeg.2011.5881297.

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Macfarlane, Terry, and John Conran. "Tepal apex trichomes, specialized bud closure structures and their systematic value in Asparagales." In The Fifth International Conference on the Comparative Biology of Monocotyledons. The New York Botanical Gardens Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.21135/893275341.012.

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Bogdan, Bogdan. "COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENT MODELS IN VALUE ENGINEERING." In SGEM2017 17th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference and EXPO. Stef92 Technology, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2017/53/s21.011.

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Caronna, S. "The Comparative Value of Geotechnical Databases vs. Reportbases." In GeoCongress 2006. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40803(187)145.

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Sadhu, Ambika, Rishabh Soni, and Mridul Mishra. "Pattern-based Comparative Analysis of Techniques for Missing Value Imputation." In 2020 IEEE 5th International Conference on Computing Communication and Automation (ICCCA). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccca49541.2020.9250825.

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Souilem, Nadia, Ilyes Elaissi, and Hassani Messaoud. "Comparative study of minimal value parameters and RKPCA in RKHS." In 2013 International Conference On Electrical Engineering and Software Applications (ICEESA). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iceesa.2013.6578477.

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Meng, Meng. "Comparative analysis of domestic value-added in China-U.S. trade." In 2011 2nd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Management Science and Electronic Commerce (AIMSEC). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/aimsec.2011.6010647.

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Poonyth, Amish, Phil Coker, and Jacopo Torriti. "A comparative value of electricity storage within GB market mechanisms." In 2015 12th International Conference on the European Energy Market (EEM). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eem.2015.7216653.

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Pirmatov, Khabibullo, Alim Pulatov, and Elena Horská. "Comparative analysis of Conventional and conservation agriculture." In International Scientific days 2016 :: The Agri-Food Value Chain: Challenges for Natural Resources Management and Society. Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.15414/isd2016.s2.07.

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Hong, Yao, and Wang Yang. "Basis of Value Evaluation: A Comparative Study on the Value Correlations between Three Kinds of Cash Flows." In 2009 International Conference on Management and Service Science (MASS). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icmss.2009.5300966.

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Reports on the topic "Comparative value"

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Research Institute (IFPRI), International Food Policy. Guides for Value-Chain development: A comparative review. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2499/9780896292130_01.

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Ribeiro, João A., Paulo J. Pereira, and Elísio M. Brandão. A real options model to determine the optimal contractual penalty for a BOT project. CICEE. Universidade Autónoma de Lisboa, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.26619/ual-cicee/wp06.2021.

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Public-Private Partnerships (PPP) became one of the most common types of public procurement arrangements and Build-Own-Transfer (BOT) projects, awarded through adequate bidding competitions, have been increasingly promoted by governments. The theoretical model herein proposed is based on a contractual framework where the government grants leeway to the private entity regarding the timing for project implementation. However, the government is aware that delaying the beginning of operations will lead to the emergence of social costs, i.e., the costs that result from the corresponding loss of social welfare. This fact should motivate the government to include a contractual penalty in case the private firm does not implement the project immediately. The government also recognizes that the private entity is more efficient in constructing the project facility and also in running the subsequent operations. The model’s outcome is the optimal value for the legal penalty the government should include in the contract form. Sensitivity analysis reveals that there is a level for each of the comparative efficiency factors above which there is no need to impose a contractual penalty, for a given level of social costs. Finally, the effects of including a non-optimal penalty value in the contract form, which derives from overestimating or underestimating the selected bidder’s real comparative efficiency are examined, using a numerical example. Results demonstrate that overestimating (underestimating) the selected bidder’s real comparative efficiency leads to the inclusion of a below-optimal (above-optimal) value for the legal penalty in the contract and produces effects the government should prevent by estimating the comparative efficiency factors with full accurac.
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Klampe, Charlotte. The work values of secondary teachers : a comparative study by teaching assignment. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.3261.

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Lewis, James, Meenakshi Bewtra, Frank Scott, Colleen Brensinger, Shelby Reed, Jason Roy, Mark Osterman, et al. Patient Valued Comparative Effectiveness of Corticosteroids versus Anti-TNF Alpha Therapy for Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI), November 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.25302/11.2018.ce.12114143.

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Mermeklieva, Elena. Comparative Analysis of Pattern Electroretinography Values According to the Type of Diabetes Mellitus in Patients in Different Diabetic Retinopathy Stages. "Prof. Marin Drinov" Publishing House of Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/crabs.2021.05.18.

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Melnyk, Olesia. MEDIA DISCOURSE AROUND THE FIGURE OF ORIANA FALLACHI AND HER JOURNALISM DURING 2017–2020. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2021.50.11114.

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The article analyzes the media discourse around the figure of Oriana Fallachi and her journalistic work during 2017-2020. The actual media image of the figure of Fallachi is highlighted, examples of positive and negative statements are given. It is substantiated why her journalism should be researched in various ways, taking into account other aspects of her work that are not related to Islamophobia. The subject of the study is critical texts in modern foreign media dedicated to the author’s work. The objective of the study is to outline the media discourse around the figure of Oriana Fallaci and her journalism during 2017-2020. The methodology. The following methods have been used in the process of scientific research: historical, comparative, systems analysis, content synthesis, and others. The main results. In total, we have analyzed eight materials in foreign publications, published over the past 3 years, as well as the two most famous biographies of Oriana Fallaci. Some of the most recent reviewed texts have been published in the last few months, reflecting the interest in the author’s journalism, her writing, and reporting. Therefore, we see the need for further tracking and analysis of this body of texts. Conclusions. Critics of Fallaci express polar views that are not all negative. Authors re­commend quite cautiously her texts for reading, emphasizing their positive aspects. Both Fallaci’s biographies are also not entirely complementary: some aspects of her work are glorified, others are condemned. We managed to find general tendencies in the criticism of Oriana Fallaci’s journalism. These include accusations of xenophobia and Islamophobia, uncompromisingness, lack of political correctness, and moral value. The authors emphasize, at the same time, the openness and directness that bribe the reader, patriotism and honesty, strength of spirit and firmness of position. Significance of the research. The analysis of the latest criticism reveals what kind of media image Fallachi’s figure has today, and gives the possibility to research it for demonization and one-sided coverage. This is important not only for thorough research of the author’s work but also for understanding how the modern world perceives journalism, which is contrary to the generally accepted principles of political correctness, journalistic ethics, and humanity.
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Job, Jacob. Mesa Verde National Park: Acoustic monitoring report. National Park Service, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2286703.

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In 2015, the Natural Sounds and Night Skies Division (NSNSD) received a request to collect baseline acoustical data at Mesa Verde National Park (MEVE). Between July and August 2015, as well as February and March 2016, three acoustical monitoring systems were deployed throughout the park, however one site (MEVE002) stopped recording after a couple days during the summer due to wildlife interference. The goal of the study was to establish a baseline soundscape inventory of backcountry and frontcountry sites within the park. This inventory will be used to establish indicators and thresholds of soundscape quality that will support the park and NSNSD in developing a comprehensive approach to protecting the acoustic environment through soundscape management planning. Additionally, results of this study will help the park identify major sources of noise within the park, as well as provide a baseline understanding of the acoustical environment as a whole for use in potential future comparative studies. In this deployment, sound pressure level (SPL) was measured continuously every second by a calibrated sound level meter. Other equipment included an anemometer to collect wind speed and a digital audio recorder collecting continuous recordings to document sound sources. In this document, “sound pressure level” refers to broadband (12.5 Hz–20 kHz), A-weighted, 1-second time averaged sound level (LAeq, 1s), and hereafter referred to as “sound level.” Sound levels are measured on a logarithmic scale relative to the reference sound pressure for atmospheric sources, 20 μPa. The logarithmic scale is a useful way to express the wide range of sound pressures perceived by the human ear. Sound levels are reported in decibels (dB). A-weighting is applied to sound levels in order to account for the response of the human ear (Harris, 1998). To approximate human hearing sensitivity, A-weighting discounts sounds below 1 kHz and above 6 kHz. Trained technicians calculated time audible metrics after monitoring was complete. See Methods section for protocol details, equipment specifications, and metric calculations. Median existing (LA50) and natural ambient (LAnat) metrics are also reported for daytime (7:00–19:00) and nighttime (19:00–7:00). Prominent noise sources at the two backcountry sites (MEVE001 and MEVE002) included vehicles and aircraft, while building and vehicle predominated at the frontcountry site (MEVE003). Table 1 displays time audible values for each of these noise sources during the monitoring period, as well as ambient sound levels. In determining the current conditions of an acoustical environment, it is informative to examine how often sound levels exceed certain values. Table 2 reports the percent of time that measured levels at the three monitoring locations were above four key values.
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Viswanathan, Meera, Jennifer Cook Middleton, Alison Stuebe, Nancy Berkman, Alison N. Goulding, Skyler McLaurin-Jiang, Andrea B. Dotson, et al. Maternal, Fetal, and Child Outcomes of Mental Health Treatments in Women: A Systematic Review of Perinatal Pharmacologic Interventions. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepccer236.

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Background. Untreated maternal mental health disorders can have devastating sequelae for the mother and child. For women who are currently or planning to become pregnant or are breastfeeding, a critical question is whether the benefits of treating psychiatric illness with pharmacologic interventions outweigh the harms for mother and child. Methods. We conducted a systematic review to assess the benefits and harms of pharmacologic interventions compared with placebo, no treatment, or other pharmacologic interventions for pregnant and postpartum women with mental health disorders. We searched four databases and other sources for evidence available from inception through June 5, 2020 and surveilled the literature through March 2, 2021; dually screened the results; and analyzed eligible studies. We included studies of pregnant, postpartum, or reproductive-age women with a new or preexisting diagnosis of a mental health disorder treated with pharmacotherapy; we excluded psychotherapy. Eligible comparators included women with the disorder but no pharmacotherapy or women who discontinued the pharmacotherapy before pregnancy. Results. A total of 164 studies (168 articles) met eligibility criteria. Brexanolone for depression onset in the third trimester or in the postpartum period probably improves depressive symptoms at 30 days (least square mean difference in the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression, -2.6; p=0.02; N=209) when compared with placebo. Sertraline for postpartum depression may improve response (calculated relative risk [RR], 2.24; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.95 to 5.24; N=36), remission (calculated RR, 2.51; 95% CI, 0.94 to 6.70; N=36), and depressive symptoms (p-values ranging from 0.01 to 0.05) when compared with placebo. Discontinuing use of mood stabilizers during pregnancy may increase recurrence (adjusted hazard ratio [AHR], 2.2; 95% CI, 1.2 to 4.2; N=89) and reduce time to recurrence of mood disorders (2 vs. 28 weeks, AHR, 12.1; 95% CI, 1.6 to 91; N=26) for bipolar disorder when compared with continued use. Brexanolone for depression onset in the third trimester or in the postpartum period may increase the risk of sedation or somnolence, leading to dose interruption or reduction when compared with placebo (5% vs. 0%). More than 95 percent of studies reporting on harms were observational in design and unable to fully account for confounding. These studies suggested some associations between benzodiazepine exposure before conception and ectopic pregnancy; between specific antidepressants during pregnancy and adverse maternal outcomes such as postpartum hemorrhage, preeclampsia, and spontaneous abortion, and child outcomes such as respiratory issues, low Apgar scores, persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn, depression in children, and autism spectrum disorder; between quetiapine or olanzapine and gestational diabetes; and between benzodiazepine and neonatal intensive care admissions. Causality cannot be inferred from these studies. We found insufficient evidence on benefits and harms from comparative effectiveness studies, with one exception: one study suggested a higher risk of overall congenital anomalies (adjusted RR [ARR], 1.85; 95% CI, 1.23 to 2.78; N=2,608) and cardiac anomalies (ARR, 2.25; 95% CI, 1.17 to 4.34; N=2,608) for lithium compared with lamotrigine during first- trimester exposure. Conclusions. Few studies have been conducted in pregnant and postpartum women on the benefits of pharmacotherapy; many studies report on harms but are of low quality. The limited evidence available is consistent with some benefit, and some studies suggested increased adverse events. However, because these studies could not rule out underlying disease severity as the cause of the association, the causal link between the exposure and adverse events is unclear. Patients and clinicians need to make an informed, collaborative decision on treatment choices.
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Carney, Nancy, Tamara Cheney, Annette M. Totten, Rebecca Jungbauer, Matthew R. Neth, Chandler Weeks, Cynthia Davis-O'Reilly, et al. Prehospital Airway Management: A Systematic Review. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepccer243.

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Objective. To assess the comparative benefits and harms across three airway management approaches (bag valve mask [BVM], supraglottic airway [SGA], and endotracheal intubation [ETI]) by emergency medical services in the prehospital setting, and how the benefits and harms differ based on patient characteristics, techniques, and devices. Data sources. We searched electronic citation databases (Ovid® MEDLINE®, CINAHL®, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and Scopus®) from 1990 to September 2020 and reference lists, and posted a Federal Register notice request for data. Review methods. Review methods followed Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Evidence-based Practice Center Program methods guidance. Using pre-established criteria, studies were selected and dual reviewed, data were abstracted, and studies were evaluated for risk of bias. Meta-analyses using profile-likelihood random effects models were conducted when data were available from studies reporting on similar outcomes, with analyses stratified by study design, emergency type, and age. We qualitatively synthesized results when meta-analysis was not indicated. Strength of evidence (SOE) was assessed for primary outcomes (survival, neurological function, return of spontaneous circulation [ROSC], and successful advanced airway insertion [for SGA and ETI only]). Results. We included 99 studies (22 randomized controlled trials and 77 observational studies) involving 630,397 patients. Overall, we found few differences in primary outcomes when airway management approaches were compared. • For survival, there was moderate SOE for findings of no difference for BVM versus ETI in adult and mixed-age cardiac arrest patients. There was low SOE for no difference in these patients for BVM versus SGA and SGA versus ETI. There was low SOE for all three comparisons in pediatric cardiac arrest patients, and low SOE in adult trauma patients when BVM was compared with ETI. • For neurological function, there was moderate SOE for no difference for BVM compared with ETI in adults with cardiac arrest. There was low SOE for no difference in pediatric cardiac arrest for BVM versus ETI and SGA versus ETI. In adults with cardiac arrest, neurological function was better for BVM and ETI compared with SGA (both low SOE). • ROSC was applicable only in cardiac arrest. For adults, there was low SOE that ROSC was more frequent with SGA compared with ETI, and no difference for BVM versus SGA or BVM versus ETI. In pediatric patients there was low SOE of no difference for BVM versus ETI and SGA versus ETI. • For successful advanced airway insertion, low SOE supported better first-pass success with SGA in adult and pediatric cardiac arrest patients and adult patients in studies that mixed emergency types. Low SOE also supported no difference for first-pass success in adult medical patients. For overall success, there was moderate SOE of no difference for adults with cardiac arrest, medical, and mixed emergency types. • While harms were not always measured or reported, moderate SOE supported all available findings. There were no differences in harms for BVM versus SGA or ETI. When SGA was compared with ETI, there were no differences for aspiration, oral/airway trauma, and regurgitation; SGA was better for multiple insertion attempts; and ETI was better for inadequate ventilation. Conclusions. The most common findings, across emergency types and age groups, were of no differences in primary outcomes when prehospital airway management approaches were compared. As most of the included studies were observational, these findings may reflect study design and methodological limitations. Due to the dynamic nature of the prehospital environment, the results are susceptible to indication and survival biases as well as confounding; however, the current evidence does not favor more invasive airway approaches. No conclusion was supported by high SOE for any comparison and patient group. This supports the need for high-quality randomized controlled trials designed to account for the variability and dynamic nature of prehospital airway management to advance and inform clinical practice as well as emergency medical services education and policy, and to improve patient-centered outcomes.
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HEFNER, Robert. IHSAN ETHICS AND POLITICAL REVITALIZATION Appreciating Muqtedar Khan’s Islam and Good Governance. IIIT, October 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47816/01.001.20.

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Ours is an age of pervasive political turbulence, and the scale of the challenge requires new thinking on politics as well as public ethics for our world. In Western countries, the specter of Islamophobia, alt-right populism, along with racialized violence has shaken public confidence in long-secure assumptions rooted in democracy, diversity, and citizenship. The tragic denouement of so many of the Arab uprisings together with the ascendance of apocalyptic extremists like Daesh and Boko Haram have caused an even greater sense of alarm in large parts of the Muslim-majority world. It is against this backdrop that M.A. Muqtedar Khan has written a book of breathtaking range and ethical beauty. The author explores the history and sociology of the Muslim world, both classic and contemporary. He does so, however, not merely to chronicle the phases of its development, but to explore just why the message of compassion, mercy, and ethical beauty so prominent in the Quran and Sunna of the Prophet came over time to be displaced by a narrow legalism that emphasized jurisprudence, punishment, and social control. In the modern era, Western Orientalists and Islamists alike have pushed the juridification and interpretive reification of Islamic ethical traditions even further. Each group has asserted that the essence of Islam lies in jurisprudence (fiqh), and both have tended to imagine this legal heritage on the model of Western positive law, according to which law is authorized, codified, and enforced by a leviathan state. “Reification of Shariah and equating of Islam and Shariah has a rather emaciating effect on Islam,” Khan rightly argues. It leads its proponents to overlook “the depth and heights of Islamic faith, mysticism, philosophy or even emotions such as divine love (Muhabba)” (13). As the sociologist of Islamic law, Sami Zubaida, has similarly observed, in all these developments one sees evidence, not of a traditionalist reassertion of Muslim values, but a “triumph of Western models” of religion and state (Zubaida 2003:135). To counteract these impoverishing trends, Khan presents a far-reaching analysis that “seeks to move away from the now failed vision of Islamic states without demanding radical secularization” (2). He does so by positioning himself squarely within the ethical and mystical legacy of the Qur’an and traditions of the Prophet. As the book’s title makes clear, the key to this effort of religious recovery is “the cosmology of Ihsan and the worldview of Al-Tasawwuf, the science of Islamic mysticism” (1-2). For Islamist activists whose models of Islam have more to do with contemporary identity politics than a deep reading of Islamic traditions, Khan’s foregrounding of Ihsan may seem unfamiliar or baffling. But one of the many achievements of this book is the skill with which it plumbs the depth of scripture, classical commentaries, and tasawwuf practices to recover and confirm the ethic that lies at their heart. “The Quran promises that God is with those who do beautiful things,” the author reminds us (Khan 2019:1). The concept of Ihsan appears 191 times in 175 verses in the Quran (110). The concept is given its richest elaboration, Khan explains, in the famous hadith of the Angel Gabriel. This tradition recounts that when Gabriel appeared before the Prophet he asked, “What is Ihsan?” Both Gabriel’s question and the Prophet’s response make clear that Ihsan is an ideal at the center of the Qur’an and Sunna of the Prophet, and that it enjoins “perfection, goodness, to better, to do beautiful things and to do righteous deeds” (3). It is this cosmological ethic that Khan argues must be restored and implemented “to develop a political philosophy … that emphasizes love over law” (2). In its expansive exploration of Islamic ethics and civilization, Khan’s Islam and Good Governance will remind some readers of the late Shahab Ahmed’s remarkable book, What is Islam? The Importance of Being Islamic (Ahmed 2016). Both are works of impressive range and spiritual depth. But whereas Ahmed stood in the humanities wing of Islamic studies, Khan is an intellectual polymath who moves easily across the Islamic sciences, social theory, and comparative politics. He brings the full weight of his effort to conclusion with policy recommendations for how “to combine Sufism with political theory” (6), and to do so in a way that recommends specific “Islamic principles that encourage good governance, and politics in pursuit of goodness” (8).
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