Books: 'Compared approach'

1

Hoogeboom, P. J. DME-derived positions compared with MLS- and ILS-derived positions. Amsterdam: National Aerospace Laboratory, 1990.

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2

Visser, J. PROCRU simulation results compared with Metro II in-flight ILS approach data. Amsterdam: National Aerospace Laboratory, 1987.

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3

Walujan, Ruth. Sanitation in Wonosobo: Two evaluation approaches compared. Jakarta, Indonesia: Water and Sanitation Program for East Asia and the Pacific, 2002.

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4

Florida. Office of Program Policy Analysis and Government Accountability. How Florida compares: An approach for analyzing government staffing levels. [Tallahassee, Fla.]: The Office, 1998.

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5

Kriesi, Hanspeter. Les démocraties occidentales: Une approche comparée. Paris: Economica, 1994.

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6

Theux, Axel de. Le statut européen de l'agent commercial: Approche critique de droit comparé. Bruxelles: Facultés universitaires Saint-Louis, 1992.

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7

Denis, Bertrand. Profil organisationnel de l'UQAM: Approche théorique et étude comparée. Sillery, Québec: Presses de l'Université du Québec, 1987.

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8

O, Ersson Svante, ed. Comparative political economy: A developmental approach. 2nd ed. London: Pinter, 1997.

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9

Bate, Tony. The purpose of management development: Establishing a basis to compare different approaches. Wolverhampton: Management Research Centre, Wolverhampton Business School, 1998.

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10

O'Muircheartaigh, I. G. Estimation of sea-surface windspeed from whitecap cover: Statistical approaches compared empirically and by simulation. Monterey, Calif: Naval Postgraduate School, 1985.

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11

Teaching collocation: Further developments in the lexical approach. Boston [etc.]: Thomson Heinle, 2000.

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12

Vasil'eva, Marianna, Natal'ya Mirzabekova, and Elena Sidel'nikova. German for students of Economics. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1018051.

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The aim of the textbook is the formation of skills and abilities in different types of reading, writing and speaking in German. Contains 12 lessons, the application, consisting of 12 texts for independent reading, German-Russian dictionary and a concise dictionary of foreign terms. Covers a wide range of economic topics based on the requirements of state educational standard of higher professional education. The text is taken from German literature and are provided with exercises based on the communicative approach. Compared to the 4th edition (Moscow: Alfa-M: INFRA-M, 2018) some of the lyrics are updated. Meets the requirements of Federal state educational standards of higher education of the last generation. For students of higher educational institutions, students of economic specialties.

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13

Tuckett, David. Psychoanalysis comparable and incomparable: The evolution of a method to describe and compare psychoanalytic approaches. London: Routledge, 2008.

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14

Sommerville, Rebecca, ed. Changing human behaviour to enhance animal welfare. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789247237.0000.

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Abstract This 183-paged book covers ways to improve welfare in situations where there is no large corporate buyer to enforce standards. Many of the chapters in the book cover working equids or village dogs. This requires a totally different approach compared to working with corporate supply managers. Many of the chapters describe successful work in low-income areas of countries such as Pakistan, Nigeria, India or Ethiopia. It has a total of 11 chapters and is essential reading for people who are working to improve animal welfare in the local animals in a low-income area or developing country. It will also be helpful for people working in zoos or animal shelters. It is aimed at readers who are working directly with the people who care for the animals.

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15

Calcium in muscle activation: A comparative approach. 2nd ed. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1988.

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16

Calcium in muscle activation: A comparative approach. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1986.

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17

Colombet, Claude. Grands principes du droit d'auteur et des droits voisins dans le monde: Approche de droit comparé. Paris: Litec, 1990.

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18

Borzyh, Stanislav. Alternatives. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1487716.

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The monograph is devoted to what the world could be in its alternative manifestations. The five central chapters consistently consider the Universe, life, culture, mind and civilization that are different, but not opposite to ours: the first examines the question of the probability of the presence of such phenomena, and the last describes the expected future that awaits them and all of us. A special approach is used, which does not consist in manipulating known elements and their settings, but in postulating, if possible, completely different components of being and the principles of their action compared to those familiar to us, thanks to which an unusual picture of a parallel landscape emerges, unlike anything else. The work represents the emergence of this genre as such, and not as an auxiliary or additional, its reading does not require special training. It is addressed to a wide audience.

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19

Oritani, Yoshiharu, and Kazuyo W. Tanimoto. The Japanese Central Banking System Compared with Its European and American Counterparts: A New Institutional Economics Approach. Springer, 2020.

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20

Oritani, Yoshiharu, and Kazuyo W. Tanimoto. The Japanese Central Banking System Compared with Its European and American Counterparts: A New Institutional Economics Approach. Springer, 2019.

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21

Oritani, Yoshiharu, and Kazuyo W. Tanimoto. The Japanese Central Banking System Compared with Its European and American Counterparts: A New Institutional Economics Approach. Springer, 2019.

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22

Kwon, Rachel J. Minimally Invasive Approach to Infected Pancreatic Necrosis. Edited by Danny Sherwinter. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199384075.003.0020.

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This chapter provides a summary of a landmark study in abdominal surgery. Does a minimally invasive, “step-up” approach to necrotizing pancreatitis reduce mortality and major complications as compared to open necrosectomy? Starting with that question, it describes the basics of the study, including funding, year study began, year study was published, study location, who was studied, who was excluded, how many patients, study design, study intervention, follow-up, endpoints, results, and criticism and limitations. The chapter briefly reviews other relevant studies and information, gives a summary and discusses implications, and concludes with a relevant clinical case involving a patient with infected pancreatic necrosis.

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23

Lally, Frank, and Christine Roffe, eds. Geriatric Medicine: an Evidence-based Approach. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199689644.001.0001.

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Geriatric medicine: an evidence based approach is an online clinical reference for health care professionals who manage older patients, and summarizes up-to-date research literature in a style that can be directly applied by busy healthcare professionals and provide a useful resource for reference. Because people are living longer and the population over the age of 60 is burgeoning, there are repercussions for health services and healthcare expenditure in developed countries. This online resource covers disease aetiology, diagnosis, and treatment specific to older people, and how they differ from those of the general adult population. Additionally, it covers the complicated co-morbidities older people often have and how they respond to treatment in different ways compared to younger people. It also addresses how evidence of efficacy of different treatments is often lacking because older people are under-represented in clinical trials.

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24

Modir, Shahla J., and Joel Morris. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and Acupuncture Approach to Addiction. Edited by Shahla J. Modir and George E. Muñoz. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190275334.003.0016.

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The first half of this chapter paints a broad overview of TCM (traditional Chinese medicine) with a focus on addiction. The second half details the Western studies, which address specific addictive substances. A glimpse of TCM’s history in the context of the medical models is discussed. The Western medical model is compared to and differentiated from TCM. Yin-yang and 5-element theory are detailed. The Zang Fu patterns are examined along with the principles of treatment and recognition of patterns. The 3 treasures (jing, qi, and shen) are discussed. Acupuncture was serendipitously found to be an addiction treatment with EA (electro acupuncture) and auricular points in 1972, which suggested a neuroendocrinological basis. Animal studies pointed toward involvement of different neurotransmitters in the basic mechanism of acupuncture, which are: the dopamine, GABAeric, and serotonergic systems. Most of the quality Western studies use the NADA (National Acupuncture Detoxification Association) protocols, which use 5 auricular points: shen men, kidney, liver, and lung. This protocol treats opiates, cocaine, nicotine, and AUDs. Regarding opiate detoxification, addicts assigned to the treatment groups were more consistent and more frequently attended treatment. Regarding alcohol, female participants (N = 185) who received acupuncture reported a decrease in cravings, depression, and anxiety with an increase in problem solving, when compared to controls (N = 101). There is less evidence that acupuncture is helpful for cocaine and nicotine. Acupuncture appears most helpful as an adjunct therapy, which keeps people more engaged in therapy longer, resulting in better outcomes.

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25

Levina, Natalia, and Anne-Laure Fayard. Tapping into Diversity Through Open Innovation Platforms: The Emergence of Boundary-Spanning Practices. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198816225.003.0009.

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Crowdsourcing for innovation is gaining critical momentum, with an increasing number of organizations engaging with digital platforms. While collecting ideas from a broad set of participants is now easier than ever, combining and deploying them in innovative ways is becoming increasingly difficult. As a result, organizations are faced with challenges in productively integrating ideas generated by the crowd. Organizations seeking to learn about and combine new perspectives have traditionally turned to consulting companies to tap into external expertise. In this chapter, we compare how consulting companies approach the problem of translating and integrating across a diversity of expertise with how external innovation is addressed in innovation-focused crowdsourcing platforms. We examine the nature of boundaries that arise in both types of endeavors and draw on boundary-spanning theories to develop an understanding of the differences between traditional ways of integrating diverse ideas compared with digitally mediated approaches.

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26

Cornelissen, Joep, Mirjam Werner, and S. Alexander Haslam. Bridging and Integrating Theories on Organizational Identity. Edited by Michael G. Pratt, Majken Schultz, Blake E. Ashforth, and Davide Ravasi. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199689576.013.17.

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We review the existing literature on organizational identity and compare and contrast different theoretical perspectives, including social constructionist, social actor, and social identity theories. We argue that these perspectives can be usefully compared, and in turn integrated, by identifying the root metaphors, or images, of identity that form their theoretical base. By taking this approach, we are able to connect strands of organizational identity scholarship and identify possibilities for a greater cross-fertilization and integration between them. We in turn propose an integrative process model that describes key processes and outcomes of organizational identity formation and change, from a social interactionist perspective, and which provides a viable theoretical framework for further research.

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27

Johns, Fleur. Data Mining as Global Governance. Edited by Roger Brownsword, Eloise Scotford, and Karen Yeung. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199680832.013.56.

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Data mining technologies are increasingly prominent in development and aid initiatives in which context they may be understood to be doing work of global governance. This chapter explains how data mining may be so characterized and explores how this work may be compared to more conventional governance techniques and institutions. The chapter first provides an overview of some exemplary initiatives among international institutions in which data mining plays a crucial role. It then presents a playful, mundane analogy for a governance challenge—the sorting of a sock drawer—and compares a familiar law and policy approach and a data mining approach to this challenge. Lastly, it highlights what may be at stake in the practice of data mining on the global plane and associated shifts in regulatory technique, arguing for this practice to be regarded as a matter of broad-ranging public concern.

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28

Holland, Carol Buchholz. SFBT in Action. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190607258.003.0008.

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This chapter provides information about the prevalence of youth mental health issues, and identifies student risk and protective factors. In addition, the solution-focused counseling approach is compared with traditional problem-focused counseling approaches. Benefits of using the solution-focused approach in schools are identified. A case study is also included in this chapter. The case study offers school-based mental health practitioners with detailed steps on how to recognize and respond to students’ suicide ideation from a solution-focused perspective. This solution-focused intervention is designed to build hope, to empower the student, and to encourage more solution-building activities.

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29

Bohnet, Iris, Benedikt Herrmann, Maliheh Paryavi, Anh Tran, and Richard Zeckhauser. Improving Outcomes in the Trust Game. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190630782.003.0013.

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This chapter examines how people in Oman, the United States, and Vietnam deal with trust situations. It offers two trust-fostering mechanisms—a mitigation-based approach (“insurance”), decreasing the principal’s cost of betrayal, and a prevention-based approach (“bonus”), increasing the agent’s benefits of trustworthiness. What choices principals make were measured, as well as how agents respond to them and how both parties’ behaviors compare to a situation where insurance or bonus was assigned by chance. About two-thirds of our principals prefer the safety of the insurance mechanism and about one-third prefer sending a bonus, making themselves vulnerable to the agent. This vulnerability pays off by tripling the likelihood of trustworthiness compared to when insurance is chosen. Still, when a bonus is chosen, only about half of the agents reward trust. This fraction is insufficient to make the principals whole. In terms of expected payoffs principals would be better off with insurance.

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30

Mudde, Cas. Populism. Edited by Cristóbal Rovira Kaltwasser, Paul Taggart, Paulina Ochoa Espejo, and Pierre Ostiguy. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198803560.013.1.

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Populism is an essentially contested concept, given that scholars even contest the essence and usefulness of the concept, while a disturbingly high number of scholars use the concept without ever defining it. Though it is still far too early to speak of an emerging consensus, it is undoubtedly fair to say that the ideational approach to populism is the most broadly used in the field today. This chapter outlines the ideational approach to populism, presents the author's own ideological definition, discusses its key concepts (ideology, the people, the elite, and the general will), and highlights its main strengths—i.e. distinguishability, categorizability, travelability, and versatility—compared to other approaches.

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31

Arregi, Karlos. Focus Projection Theories. Edited by Caroline Féry and Shinichiro Ishihara. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199642670.013.005.

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This chapter examines the phenomenon offocus projection: a sentence with prosodic marking of focus on a word can lead to ambiguity, in that different constituents containing the word can be interpreted as focused. Two general approaches to focus projection are compared. In Default Prosody analyses, focus projection is epiphenomenal, a consequence of general principles requiring that focus be prosodically prominent, coupled with default principles of default prominence. In the F-projection approach, focus projection is encoded more directly, in terms of licensing rules for F-marking on constituents. Overall, the evidence in the literature favors the Default Prosody approach, and this chapter concentrates on comparing these two general approaches, as well as briefly summarizing other aspects of focus projection. The chapter ends with discussion of Basque data that are problematic for widely assumed generalizations about focus projection, and a possible way of understanding the data in the Default Prosody approach.

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32

Grami, Vahid, Salim M. Hayek, and Samer N. Narouze. Lumbar Transforaminal and Nerve Root Injections: Fluoroscopy. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199908004.003.0016.

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The transforaminal approach, compared with the interlaminar approach, allows injectate delivery directly at the target nerve root, placing greater amounts of medication at the location of the suspected pathology. The utility of selective nerve root injections includes blocking with local anesthetics specific nerve roots suspected of transmitting radicular symptoms. These diagnostic radicular blocks are often used for presurgical planning. The fluoroscopic-guided lumbar transforaminal epidural steroid injection approaches mentioned in this chapter have been described to safely and effectively deposit medication in the epidural space, adjacent to affected nerve roots transmitting pain signals. It is imperative that proper patient selection, physician training, thorough knowledge of anatomy, vigilance, and effective use of fluoroscopy and radiocontrast dye help to avoid catastrophic tissue damage and embolization.

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33

Sawada, Osamu. Conclusion. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198714224.003.0010.

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Chapter 10 summarizes the book’s analyses and proposal regarding (i) similarities and differences between semantic scalar modifiers and pragmatic scalar modifiers, (ii) variations in pragmatic scalar modifiers, (iii) interpretations of embedded pragmatic scalar modifiers, and (iv) the historical development of pragmatic scalar modifiers, and considers theoretical implications. The dual-use phenomenon of scalar modifiers and the interpretations of pragmatic scalar modifiers suggest that although there is a difference between at-issue and not-at-issue meanings, they have a flexible relationship. The chapter argues that both types of meanings must be captured in a unified or flexible fashion. This multidimensional approach is compared to other alternative approaches: the relevance-theoretic approach and Bach’s approach, which does not assume the notion of a CI. Finally, possible future directions for studies of pragmatic scalar modifiers and not-at-issue content are briefly considered.

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34

Regan, Patrick M. A Perceptual Approach to Quality Peace. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190680121.003.0003.

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This chapter tackles the problem of finding data-derived indicators to measure the quality of peace, versus a definition of peace simply as the absence of war. Conceptually, peace is seen as an equilibrium condition where resort to violence is minimal and where the highest quality of peace exists when the idea of armed violence approaches the unthinkable. The author draws upon the early work of Quincy Wright and Kenneth Boulding and progresses from there, establishing first their definitions of and conditions for peace. To put his theories to work, he introduces two proxy indicators: black market currency exchanges and bond market prices. Specifically, he examines and compares the premiums attached to the black market values of currencies in less stable economies and relates them to factors that promote destabilization of the equilibrium. Similarly, he compares the strip spreads on sovereign bonds as an indicator of government stability and instability.

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35

Livelihoods approaches compared: A brief comparison of the livelihoods approaches of DFID, CARE, Oxfam and UNDP. Department for International Development, 1999.

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36

Dubose, Arielle C., and SreyRam Kuy. A Comparison of Laparoscopically Assisted and Open Colectomy for Colon Cancer. Edited by SreyRam Kuy and Miguel A. Burch. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199384075.003.0010.

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The landmark COST trial compared outcomes between minimally invasive surgery and open surgical resection for patients with colon cancer. The study found that patients with operable right, left, or sigmoid colon cancer, either laparoscopic-assisted or open colectomy may be offered without compromising the risk of tumor recurrence or mortality. Patients who underwent colectomy via a laparoscopic-assisted approach, compared to open, had a shorter length of hospital stay and required parenteral narcotics and oral analgesics for less time, while having equal rates of intraoperative and postoperative complications. This chapter describes the basics of the study, including funding, year study began, year study was published, study location, who was studied, who was excluded, how many patients, study design, study intervention, follow-up, endpoints, results, and criticism and limitations. The chapter briefly reviews other relevant studies and information, gives a summary and discusses implications, and concludes with a relevant clinical case.

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37

Wong, Roderick. Motivation: A Biobehavioural Approach. Cambridge University Press, 2000.

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38

Motivation: A Biobehavioural Approach. Cambridge University Press, 2000.

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39

Uphoff, Norman. Alternative Paths to Food Security. Edited by Ronald J. Herring. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195397772.013.012.

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This chapter examines an agroecological approach to agricultural development called the System of Rice Intensification (SRI). SRI can boost paddy yields by 50 to 100 percent using less inputs of seed, water, fertilizer, and labor. The article first considers the opportunities offered by SRI methods compared to current agricultural practices. It then looks at the effects of agroecological management with other crops and the dynamics of an agroecological innovation. The concluding section discusses broader implications for politics and society.

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40

Najafi, F. T. Quick response approach to compare highway and transit alternatives using the arterial analysis package. Transportation Research Board, 1989.

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41

Sung, Johnny, and Arwen Raddon. Approaches to Skills in the Asian Developmental States. Edited by John Buchanan, David Finegold, Ken Mayhew, and Chris Warhurst. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199655366.013.24.

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The developmental state model was proposed in the early 1990s as a better means of understanding the mechanisms underlying the rapid growth of the Asian Tiger economies, when compared to classic economic models. The national skills systems of South Korea and Singapore are examined in order to consider how the Asian developmental state approach has worked in practice. It is shown that, whilst the state identifies and firmly guides the direction of economic development, the market plays a fundamental role in the concrete delivery of long-term economic objectives. Within this approach, education and training act as a vehicle to achieve broader economic and social development goals. Examples are used to consider how these systems changed throughout the industrialisation process. We reflect on some of the challenges faced over time, which have put the long-term viability of the developmental state approach in question. Most notable is the gradual erosion of the state’s ability to lead capital and labour in order to achieve long- rather than short-term goals, particularly in the face of globalisation.

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42

Armin, von Bogdandy. 1 The Idea of European Public Law Today. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198726401.003.0001.

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This chapter argues that for an analysis of European law, a comparative public law approach is necessary. It contends that European law calls for a broader reach when compared with the traditional private-law orientation of international law. European law began with a strong orientation towards public law, and this encompassed comparative public law. Moreover, the chapter shows how this approach can address the structural transformations of public law and authority in Europe. The crises of the last few years — the financial crisis, the debt crisis, the refugee crisis, systemic deficiencies, and the fading confidence in democratic self-government — also contribute to the impression of ‘messiness’ in European public law. Hence, while the comparison approach might seem less useful, the chapter emphasizes that it is still worthy of academic study.

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43

Walls, Jerry L., and Trent Dougherty. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190842215.003.0001.

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Alvin Plantinga is one of the seminal philosophers of religion of the latter half of the twentieth century. One of his most distinctive and important contributions to the philosophy of religion is his carefully articulated defense of the claim that belief in God can be properly basic. Despite his contention that arguments are not needed for rational belief in God, he has made the case that there are still lots of good ones available. This introduction outlines the development of Plantinga’s arguments, including their introduction at a 1986 conference. The arguments are compared and contrasted with Richard Swinburne’s more traditional (yet still innovative) approach to the topic. Plantinga’s two dozen arguments cover a wide range of approaches, including metaphysics, ontology, epistemology, morality, rationality, and others. In the spirit of Plantinga’s parenthetical “(or so),” the chapter introduces a handful of additional arguments not among his original two dozen.

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44

Demitrack, Mark A., and Sarah H. Lisanby. Methodological issues in clinical trial design for TMS. Edited by Charles M. Epstein, Eric M. Wassermann, and Ulf Ziemann. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198568926.013.0039.

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This article explores the emergence of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) as a new therapeutic approach and the implications of this technology for the study and treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders, with a focus on major depression. Relapse, chronicity, and varying degrees of treatment resistance characterize major depression. A substantial number of patients are not effectively treated with pharmacology or medications alone. It is proposed that TMS, along with other device-based therapies emerging in psychiatry, may define a potential new treatment platform, with existing therapeutics for major depression. Through the example of a study, this article describes the methodological considerations in the development of TMS for the treatment of major depression. Device-based approaches to therapeutic neuromodulation hold the promise of significant clinical advantages compared to existing treatments for major depression, but evidence in well designed and properly blinded multicenter trials is still lacking, hence, research in this area is ongoing.

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45

Streiner, David L., Geoffrey R. Norman, and John Cairney. Item response theory. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199685219.003.0012.

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Over the past few decades, there has been a revolution in the approach to scale development. Called item response theory (IRT), this approach challenges the notion that scales must be long in order to be reliable, and that psychometric properties of a scale derived from one group of people cannot be applied to different groups. This chapter provides an introduction to IRT, and discusses how it can be used to develop scales and to shorten existing scales that have been developed using the more traditional approach of classical test theory. IRT also can result in scales that have interval-level properties, unlike those derived from classical test theory. Further, it allows people to be compared to one another, even though they may have completed different items, allowing for computer-adapted testing. The chapter concludes by discussing the advantages and disadvantages of IRT.

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46

Pisapia, Jared M., Zarina S. Ali, Gregory G. Heuer, and Eric L. Zager. Adult Upper Trunk Brachial Plexus Injury. Edited by Meghan E. Lark, Nasa Fujihara, and Kevin C. Chung. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190617127.003.0022.

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This chapter takes a case-based approach to the diagnosis and management of adult brachial plexus injury involving the upper trunk. The clinical presentation and differential diagnosis associated with this injury pattern are reviewed, as well as the findings of electrodiagnostic and imaging studies. Preoperative considerations include the timing from initial injury and the difference between pre- and postganglionic injury. Options for nerve reconstruction include nerve grafting, nerve transfer, or a combination of both. The options are compared, and a detailed description of each surgical procedure is provided, along with related complications, alternative repair strategies, and outcomes.

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47

Schlieter, Jens. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190888848.003.0005.

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This introduction to the historical part outlines how earlier work on “near-death experiences” by Carol Zaleski, Peter Dinzelbacher, or Gregory Shushan took modern near-death experiences as a homogeneous group of phenomena that can be directly compared with ancient and medieval visions of the otherworld. Significantly, the configuration of experiences near death in the 18th, 19th, and the first half of the 20th centuries has mostly been skipped. Pointing to the necessity of including the formation period of modern near-death discourse, the chapter highlights the shortcomings of an approach that takes narratives of experiences as indicating transcultural traits.

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48

Marijke, Gijswijt-Hofstra, ed. Psychiatric cultures compared: Psychiatry and mental health care in the twentieth century : comparisons and approaches. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2005.

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49

Tisone, Jon Mark. Enhancement of creative abilities in middle school students using computer technologies compared to traditional approaches. 1985.

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50

Wickerson, Erica. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198793274.003.0001.

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This chapter provides an introduction to the book as a whole. It situates the approach undertaken here within the existing narratological debates on time, also discussing those specifically relating to works by Thomas Mann. The most significant way in which the approach differs from existing debates is by offering an analysis of works that do not self-consciously problematize the narration of time. Criticism on Mann’s works that deals with the question of temporality has typically focused on novels such as The Magic Mountain and Doctor Faustus. This introduction outlines the structure of the book, in which a wide variety of Mann’s novels, novellas, and short stories—most of which do not demonstrate an explicit engagement with narrative temporality—are compared to works in English and German by his influences, contemporaries, and literary successors.

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Books on the topic 'Compared approach'

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