Academic literature on the topic 'Compensatory exercises'
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Journal articles on the topic "Compensatory exercises"
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Kang, Min-Hyeok, Sang-Min Cha, and Jae-Seop Oh. "The effect of toe-tap exercise on abductor hallucis activity and medial longitudinal arch angle in individuals with pes planus." Isokinetics and Exercise Science 28, no. 4 (October 22, 2020): 415–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/ies-202107.
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BACKGROUND: Active interventions for pes planus, including short-foot exercises (SF) and toe-spread-out exercises (TSO), aim to continuously support the medial longitudinal arch (MLA) by activating the abductor hallucis (AbdH) muscle. However, compensatory movements, such as ankle supination and/or plantar flexion, often occur during these exercises. OBJECTIVE: To examine the effects of a novel exercise, i.e., the toe-tap (TT) exercise on AbdH activity and MLA angle. METHODS: A total of 16 participants with pes planus participated in this study. Participants performed SF, TSO, and TT exercises. Electromyographic activity of the AbdH and MLA angle during three AbdH contraction exercises were recorded using surface EMG system and digital image analysis program, respectively. The differences in outcome measures among the three exercises were analyzed using one-way repeated-measures analysis of variance. RESULTS: The EMG activity of the AbdH was significantly greater during the TT exercise compared to the SF and TSO exercises. The MLA angle was significantly smaller during the TT exercise compared with the SF and TSO exercises. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that the TT exercise could be effective in activating the AbdH and increasing height of the MLA, as part of a sports rehabilitation program for individuals with pes planus.
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Wang, Lin, Omid A. Zobeiri, Jennifer L. Millar, Wagner Souza Silva, Michael C. Schubert, and Kathleen E. Cullen. "Continuous Head Motion is a Greater Motor Control Challenge than Transient Head Motion in Patients with Loss of Vestibular Function." Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair 35, no. 10 (August 8, 2021): 890–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15459683211034758.
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Background. The vestibular system is vital for gaze stability via the vestibulo-ocular reflex, which generates compensatory eye motion in the direction opposite to head motion. Consequently, individuals with peripheral vestibular loss demonstrate impaired gaze stability that reduces functional capacity and quality of life. To facilitate patients’ compensatory strategies, two classes of gaze stabilization exercises are often prescribed: (i) transient (eg, ballistic) and (ii) continuous. However, the relative benefits of these two classes of exercises are not well understood. Objective. To quantify head motion kinematics in patients with vestibular loss while they performed both classes of exercises. Methods. Using inertial measurement units, head movements of 18 vestibular schwannoma patients were measured before and after surgical deafferentation and compared with age-matched controls. Results. We found that the head movement during both classes of exercises paralleled those of natural head movement recorded during daily activities. However, head movement patterns were more informative for continuous than transient exercises in distinguishing patients from healthy controls. Specifically, we observed coupling between kinematic measures in control subjects that was absent in patients for continuous but not transient head motion exercises. In addition, kinematic measures (eg, cycle duration) were predictive of standard clinical measures for continuous but not transient head motion exercises. Conclusions. Our data suggest that performing continuous head motion is a greater motor control challenge than transient head motion in patients with less reliable vestibular feedback during the sub-acute stage of recovery, which may also prove to be a reliable measure of progression in vestibular rehabilitation protocols.
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Lof, Gregory L., and Dennis Ruscello. "Don't Blow This Therapy Session!" Perspectives on Speech Science and Orofacial Disorders 23, no. 2 (October 2013): 38–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/ssod23.2.38.
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Blowing exercises and other nonspeech oral motor exercises (NSOMEs) are commonly used therapeutic techniques for children with repaired cleft palate and velopharyngeal inadequacy. Blowing exercises have a long history in the field, dating back to the early days of speech-language pathology when clinicians relied upon expert opinion to influence clinical practice. However, for more than 60 years, NSOMEs such as blowing have been questioned and many empirical studies have been conducted that demonstrate the ineffectiveness of these exercises. This article provides reasons why NSOMEs, mainly blowing, should not be used in therapy. It also traces the history of blowing exercises and then summarizes some of the seminal research articles that show that they do not work. Effective evidence-based treatments for compensatory errors are also reviewed.
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Robert-Lachaine, Xavier, Paul Allard, Veronique Gobout, and Mickael Begon. "Shoulder Coordination During Full-Can and Empty-Can Rehabilitation Exercises." Journal of Athletic Training 50, no. 11 (November 1, 2015): 1117–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-50.9.06.
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Context Supraspinatus tear is a common rotator cuff injury. During rehabilitation, debate persists regarding the most appropriate exercises. Whereas shoulder coordination is part of normal arm function, it has been infrequently considered in the context of exercise selection. Objective To assess shoulder-motion coordination during 2 common supraspinatus rehabilitation exercises and to characterize load and motion-direction influences on shoulder coordination. Design Descriptive laboratory study. Setting Motion-analysis laboratory. Patient or Other Participants Fifteen asymptomatic right-hand–dominant men (age = 26 ± 4 years, height = 1.77 ± 0.06 m, mass = 74.3 ± 7.7 kg). Intervention(s) Full-can and empty-can exercises with and without a 2.27-kg load. Main Outcome Measure(s) We recorded motion with an optoelectronic system. Scapulohumeral rhythm and complete shoulder joint kinematics were calculated to quantify shoulder coordination. The effects of exercise type, load, motion direction, and humerothoracic-elevation angle on the scapulohumeral rhythm and shoulder-joint angles were assessed. Results We observed multivariate interactions between exercise type and humerothoracic elevation and between load and humerothoracic elevation. Scapulohumeral rhythm increased by a mean ratio of 0.44 ± 0.22 during the full-can exercise, whereas the addition of load increased mean glenohumeral elevation by 4° ± 1°. Conclusions The full-can exercise increased the glenohumeral contribution, as hypothesized, and showed normal shoulder coordination. During the empty-can exercise, the increased scapulothoracic contribution was associated with a compensatory pattern that limits the glenohumeral contribution. Using loads during shoulder rehabilitation seems justified because the scapulohumeral rhythm is similar to that of unloaded arm elevation. Finally, motion direction showed a limited effect during the exercises in healthy individuals.
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Adams, Gregory R., Daniel C. Cheng, Fadia Haddad, and Kenneth M. Baldwin. "Skeletal muscle hypertrophy in response to isometric, lengthening, and shortening training bouts of equivalent duration." Journal of Applied Physiology 96, no. 5 (May 2004): 1613–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.01162.2003.
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Movements generated by muscle contraction generally include periods of muscle shortening and lengthening as well as force development in the absence of external length changes (isometric). However, in the specific case of resistance exercise training, exercises are often intentionally designed to emphasize one of these modes. The purpose of the present study was to objectively evaluate the relative effectiveness of each training mode for inducing compensatory hypertrophy. With the use of a rat model with electrically stimulated (sciatic nerve) contractions, groups of rats completed 10 training sessions in 20 days. Within each training session, the duration of the stimulation was equal across the three modes. Although this protocol provided equivalent durations of duty cycle, the torque integral for the individual contractions varied markedly with training mode such that lengthening > isometric > shortening. The results indicate that the hypertrophy response did not track the torque integral with mass increases of isometric by 14%, shortening by 12%, and lengthening by 11%. All three modes of training resulted in similar increases in total muscle DNA and RNA. Isometric and shortening but not lengthening mode training resulted in increased muscle insulin-like growth factor I mRNA levels. These results indicate that relatively pure movement mode exercises result in similar levels of compensatory hypertrophy that do not necessarily track with the total amount of force generated during each contraction.
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Mukina, Ekaterina Y., and Artem V. Savelyev. "The structure and content of kinesitherapy for osteoarthritis of the knee joint." Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities, no. 189 (2020): 115–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.20310/1810-0201-2020-25-189-115-124.
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The restoration of the knee joint function in osteoarthritis is currently a serious problem, despite the list of biomechanical and pharmacotherapeutic methods used. In old age, there is a decrease in compensatory capabilities. When compiling a complex of kinesitherapeutic measures with elderly women, concomitant diseases and the degree of physical fitness were necessarily taken into account. The level of loads was determined taking into account individual characteristics. An obligatory condition before the beginning of the exercise in women was measured heart rate and blood pressure. The methods included classes on specialized simulators, when performing the exercises, the basic principles should be followed: the weight of the burden was determined based on the calculation of 15–20 repetitions; performing exercises with the same burden for a long time (if the weight is chosen incorrectly) in the health aspect is impractical, when performing strength exercises, the emphasis should be on correct breathing and accuracy of movements. In the process of conducting classes, it is necessary to monitor the dynamics of the growth of weights and monitor the physical condition of women.
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Scherer, Matthew, Americo A. Migliaccio, and Michael C. Schubert. "Effect of vestibular rehabilitation on passive dynamic visual acuity." Journal of Vestibular Research 18, no. 2-3 (December 26, 2008): 147–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/ves-2008-182-308.
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While active dynamic visual acuity (DVA) has been shown to improve with gaze stabilization exercises, we sought to determine whether DVA during {passive} head impulses (pDVA) would also improve following a rehabilitation course of vestibular physical therapy (VPT) in patients with unilateral and bilateral vestibular hypofunction. VPT consisted of gaze and gait stabilization exercises done as a home exercise program. Scleral search coil was used to characterize the angular vestibulo-ocular reflex (aVOR) during pDVA before and after VPT. Mean duration of VPT was 66 ± 24 days, over a total of 5 ± 1.4 outpatient visits. Two of three subjects showed improvements in pDVA with a mean reduction of 43% (LogMAR 0.58 to 0.398 and 0.92 to 0.40). Our data suggest improvements in pDVA may be due in part to improvements in aVOR velocity and acceleration gains or reduced latency of the aVOR. Each subject demonstrated a reduction in the ratio of compensatory saccades to head impulses after VPT. Preliminary data suggest that active gaze stability exercises may contribute to improvements in pDVA in some individuals.
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Schubert, Michael C., Americo A. Migliaccio, and Charles C. Della Santina. "Modification of compensatory saccades after aVOR gain recovery." Journal of Vestibular Research 16, no. 6 (July 1, 2007): 285–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/ves-2006-16606.
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The recruitment of extra-vestibular mechanisms to assist a deficient angular vestibulo-ocular reflex (aVOR) during ipsilesional head rotations is well established and includes saccades of reduced latency that occur in the direction of the lesioned aVOR, termed compensatory saccades (CS). Less well known is the functional relevance of these unique saccades. Here we report a 42 y.o. male diagnosed with right unilateral vestibular hypofunction due to vestibular neuronitis who underwent a vestibular rehabilitation program including gaze stabilization exercises. After three weeks, he had a significant improvement in his ability to see clearly during head rotation. Our data show a reduction in the recruitment and magnitude of CS as well as improved peripheral aVOR gain (eye velocity/head velocity) and retinal eye velocity. Our data suggest an inverse, dynamic relationship between the recruitment of CS and the gain of the aVOR.
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Averyanova, Inessa V., S. I. Vdovenko, and A. L. Maksimov. "PECULIARITIES OF THE REGULATION OF INDICES OF HEMODYNAMICS AND HEART RHYTHM IN YOUNG PEOPLE OF THE CITY OF MAGADAN UNDER SUBMAXIMAL PHYSICAL LOAD." Hygiene and sanitation 97, no. 3 (March 15, 2018): 239–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/0016-9900-2018-97-2-239-244.
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The cardiovascular system is known to be one of the basic physiological systems responsible for the adaptation to the north conditions. To determine its compensatory adjustments as well as to explore the entire body functional state, physical exercises have become to be widely accepted since they enable modeling different kinds of human activities. Among such controlled exercises is bicycle ergometry which provides registering the smallest change in needs of the body organs and systems. The physical capacity of 54 male students, residents of Russia’s northeast was assessed on the base of the modified standard of the PWC170 test. Several cardiovascular, hemodynamic and heart rate indices were recorded before and after the test. Results of the study testify significant adaptation shifts in the cardiovascular system to occur due to the dynamic physical work. Besides, the young male residents of Magadan experienced submaximal physical exercises demonstrate the exhaustion in the body functional reserves. That can be seen in the body hypertonic type of the response to the exercise, in the inability of the pulse response to reach a steady state, in overactive both adrenergic mechanisms and higher suprasegmental structures as well as in inhibition of the autonomic regulation. Accounting for the decreased values of maximal oxygen consumption the examined subjects can be considered as having the low tolerance to the given type of the physical exercise.
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Unick, Jessica L., Kevin C. O'Leary, Leah Dorfman, J. Graham Thomas, Kelley Strohacker, and Rena R. Wing. "Consistency in compensatory eating responses following acute exercise in inactive, overweight and obese women." British Journal of Nutrition 113, no. 7 (March 17, 2015): 1170–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s000711451500046x.
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It is often assumed that some individuals reliably increase energy intake (EI) post-exercise (‘compensators’) and some do not (‘non-compensators’), leading researchers to examine the characteristics that distinguish these two groups. However, it is unclear whether EI post-exercise is stable over time. The present study examined whether compensatory eating responses to a single exercise bout are consistent within individuals across three pairs of trials. Physically inactive, overweight/obese women (n28, BMI 30·3 (sd2·9) kg/m2) participated in three pairs of testing sessions, with each pair consisting of an exercise (30 min of moderate-intensity walking) and resting testing day. EI was measured using a buffet meal 1 h post-exercise/rest. For each pair, the difference in EI (EIdiff= EIex− EIrest) was calculated, where EIexis the EI of the exercise session and EIrestis the EI of the resting session, and women were classified as a ‘compensator’ (EIex>EIrest) or ‘non-compensator’ (EIex≤ EIrest). The average EI on exercise days (3328·0 (sd1686·2) kJ) was similar to those on resting days (3269·4 (sd1582·4) kJ) (P= 0·67). Although EI was reliable within individuals across the three resting days (intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) 0·75, 95 % CI 0·60, 0·87;P< 0·001) and three exercise days (ICC 0·83, 95 % CI 0·70, 0·91;P< 0·001), the ICC for EIdiffacross the three pairs of trials was low (ICC 0·20, 95 % CI − 0·02, 0·45;P= 0·04), suggesting that compensatory eating post-exercise is not a stable construct. Moreover, the classification of ‘compensators’/‘non-compensators’ was not reliable (κ =− 0·048;P= 0·66). The results were unaltered when ‘relative’ EI was used, which considers the energy expenditure of the exercise/resting sessions. Acute compensatory EI following an exercise bout is not reliable in overweight women. Seeking to understand what distinguishes ‘compensators’ from ‘non-compensators’ based on a single eating episode post-exercise is not justified.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Compensatory exercises"
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Manthou, Eirini. "Behavioural compensatory and metabolic changes in response to exercise in overweight and obese women." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2010. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/2209/.
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This thesis describes the behavioural compensatory responses and metabolic changes in response to a single exercise session and training programmes in overweight and obese women and consists of a literature review (Chapter 1), a general methods chapter (Chapter 2), three experimental chapters (Chapter 3- Chapter 5) and a general discussion and conclusions chapter (Chapter 6). Experimental chapter 3 presents a study which aimed to investigate the impact of a single moderate-intensity cycling exercise session with energy expenditure of approximately 2 MJ on appetite measures, energy intake and metabolic variables in response to four ad libitum meals in overweight and obese females. Twelve sedentary, overweight and obese women underwent one exercise and one control trial each over two consecutive days. Appetite and metabolic variables such as glucose, insulin and triglycerides were measured frequently and four buffet meals were served throughout each trial. The findings suggest that a single exercise session performed by overweight and obese women does not elicit compensatory responses in appetite and energy intake and reduces triglyceride concentration by 17% in response to an ad libitum breakfast consumed 14 hours after exercise. Chapter 4 aimed to examine the extent to which changes in physical activity outside of the exercise intervention and energy intake contribute to individual differences in body fat loss induced by exercise training programmes. To determine this, thirty-four overweight and obese sedentary women participated in a structured and supervised 8-week exercise programme consisting of 150 minutes of cycling exercise per week. Body composition, total energy expenditure and components such as exercise, activity, sedentary and sleeping energy expenditure as well as energy intake from 7-day weighed intake were determined before and during the last week of the exercise intervention. The findings indicate that overweight and obese women who during exercise intervention achieve lower than predicted fat loss are compensating by being less active outside exercise sessions. The aim of Chapter 5 was to investigate how physical, fitness and metabolic characteristics of overweight and obese women are influenced by two 8-week supervised aerobic exercise programmes with exercise sessions conducted twice per week for the duration of 75 minutes and with exercise sessions conducted 5 times per week for the duration of 30 minutes. Thirty-four women were randomised into either long and less frequent or short and more frequent cycling exercise groups. Body composition, fitness and metabolic variables were measured prior and after the intervention. The findings indicate that frequency and duration of exercise sessions does not alter the effects of an exercise programme on health related outcomes which were evident in the absence of weight loss, when the total volume of exercise undertaken is the same. Based on obtained data the following conclusions have been drawn: Overweight and obese women do not compensate in terms of appetite and energy intake for the energy expended in a single exercise session, when this is in line with recommended expenditure for individual exercise sessions aimed at body weight and body fat reduction. Compensatory responses in terms of changes in energy intake are also not evident in overweight and obese women participating in an 8-week exercise training programme. However, predicted body fat loss can be expected to match the amount of fat actually lost only in those who do not decrease physical activity outside exercise sessions. A single exercise session with energy expenditure similar to that recommended for individual exercise sessions aiming at body mass and body fat reduction, reduced triglyceride concentration by 17% in response to an ad libitum breakfast consumed 14 hours after exercise. Changes in fitness, insulin resistance, diastolic blood pressure and waist circumference in sedentary overweight and obese women induced by an 8-week exercise programme incorporating 150 minutes of exercise per week are independent of frequency and duration of exercise sessions with 2 x 75 minute exercise sessions per week and 5 x 30 minute exercise sessions per week eliciting similar changes.
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Davis, Heather A. "DEVELOPMENTAL TRAJECTORIES OF EXCESSIVE EXERCISE AND FASTING ACROSS THE MIDDLE SCHOOL YEARS." UKnowledge, 2015. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/psychology_etds/80.
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Repeated excessive exercise (EE) fasting behavior, in the absence of binge eating and purging, are important eating disorder behaviors that are not captured by the current diagnostic system. Though they appear to be harmful and distressing for adults, little is known about these behaviors in youth. To begin to understand their development, I studied the course of the behaviors across the three years of middle school (n = 1,195). Both behaviors were present in middle school girls and boys, and youth progressed along different developmental trajectories of engagement in the behaviors. Youth involved in either behavior experienced elevated levels of depression and some forms of high-risk eating and thinness expectancies. Their distress levels did not differ from those of youth engaging in purging behavior or low levels of binge eating. EE and fasting behavior can be identified in the early stages of adolescence, youth differ in their developmental experience of these behaviors, and they are associated with significant distress very early in development.
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Gerhardt, Jan. "Využití kompenzačních cvičení v tenisovém tréninkovém procesu." Master's thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-336785.
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Title: The use of compensatory exercises in sports training process Goals: The aim of this work was to verify the influence of compensatory exercises for treatment of muscle imbalance in a selected group of tennis players. Method: During the research we used Janda' s (2004) functional spine tests and muscle tests, that were applied to selected group of three tennis players. The set of compensatory exercises was designed on the basis of the results of the admission testing. The players were asked to follow this set of exercises with regularly for the period of three months. The selected individuals underwent output testing at the end of the exercise programme. We compared the results of the admission and output testing for the evaluation of the influence of the compensatory exercises of the musculo-skeletal system on the selected subjects. Results: The results that are presented in charts and graphs evaluate the influence of the compensatory ecercises of the musculo-skeletal system on the selected subjects. The results prove that due to regular performance of compensatory exercises we can expect a reduction of muscle shortening and weakening. The muscle shortening in knee flexors and strengthening of the blade muscles occurred at the first of three selected subjects. The second subject' s measured...
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Šimáčková, Olga. "Efekt kompenzačních cvičení na hráčky florbalu - kategorie ženy extraliga." Master's thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-341477.
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Title: Efect of compensatory exercises on female floorball players - category women, Czech top league Objectives: Diagnose muscles with a tendency to shorten and weaken and take the basic anthropometric parameters of female floorball players. Build a stack of exercises focusing on problem areas that are not difficult to perform and don't require correction of another person. Methods: A case study in which we watched the female floorball players aged 18-32 years. Diagnose of shortened and weakened muscles was performed according to Janda muscle function test, method pretest - posttest. The measured values from pretest were compared with posttest values. In the meantime the intervention program (form of compensatory exercises) was applied on female floorball players. Results: 70% of the players were identified estimated muscle imbalances that arise from the nature of this sport. It has been shown that two months of exercise can positively affect shortened and weakened muscle. The change of the degree of "short" to "unshorted" occurred in 41% of muscles. Key words: floorball, compensatory exercises, muscle imbalance
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Cepáková, Hana. "Vliv kompenzačních cvičení na žáky ZŠ s rozšířenou výukou plavání." Master's thesis, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-321472.
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The aim of my diploma thesis is to find out and influence positively with the help of some compensative exercises posture, flexibility and muscular unbalance among swimmers from the Swimming club in Jindřichův Hradec. Experimental research was divided into two measurements between which half of the swimmers did the compensative excercises. The input and output measurements corresponded with their content and evaluated posture, flexibility and swimmers'muscular strength. Standard tests were used for testing and evaluation. Posture was evaluated with the help of plumb line and standing on two bathroom scales. Flexibility was evaluated by standardized tests of movability according to Měkota, Thomayer and Otta tests. Muscular shortening was tested according to Janda. Standing jump, pull-ups, or rather staying power in pull-up and press-up staying power in a kneeling position were used to compare muscular strength. Key words: compensative exercises, swimming, posture, muscular unbalance
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Papežová, Veronika. "Vliv sportovního aerobiku na držení těla a svalové rovnováhy." Master's thesis, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-410133.
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Title: The influence of sports aerobics on posture and muscle balance Aim: The aim of the thesis is to find out how aerobic gymnastics (sport aerobics) at the top level affects selected groups of muscles and posture of girls with more than 10 years of competing experience. The thesis compares the results of a group practicing aerobics with the results of a group of girls of the same age category, who engage in physical activities only during school physical education lessons. Characteristics: The diploma thesis deals with the effect of aerobic gymnastics on good posture. The basis for this thesis was obtained by testing selected shortened and weakend muscle groups. Two groups of girls were compared. The first group consisted of girls representing the Czech Republic at international championships and practicing aerobic gymnastics at the highest level for more than ten years. On the other hand, the second group consisted of subjects, who were engaged in physical activities only in physical education lessons in school. Methods: In the thesis there was used a qualitative research and delibarate selection of subjects. Selected tests evaluated posture according to Matthias according to Haladová, Nechvátalová (1997), with the help of lowered plumb line according to Kopecký (2010) and test exercises for...
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Papežová, Veronika. "Vliv sportovního aerobiku na držení těla." Master's thesis, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-404366.
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The thesis deals with the effect of sports aerobics on correct body posture. Two groups of probands will be compared based on testing. One group has been actively practicing sports aerobics for several years. On the other hand, the second group will include girls who do reacreational sports only. The first group consists of girls representing the Czech Republic at international competitions and practicing sports aerobics in the 1st performance class. The second group of probands consists of students of the 3rd year of the Secondary Vocational School, Sedlčany, Petra Bezruče 364. The thesis will focus on the comparison of the effect of sports aerobics on body posture. In addition, compensatory exercises will be designed to help to eliminate muscle imbalance. The thesis will introduce common exercise aids, which can affect the correct body posture and which can be used in exercises not only for sports aerobics training, but also within the classes of school physical education.
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Florián, Richard. "Využití kompenzačních cvičení u fotbalistů ve sportovním středisku mládeže." Master's thesis, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-412250.
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Title: Use of compensatory exercises for footballers in the youth sports center Objectives: The aim of the work is to identify the most common muscle imbalances and to create a compensation program for football players in the category of younger students U12 and U13 in the youth sports center. Methods: The research was based on the diagnosis of players using test exercises, which focused on the occurrence of muscle imbalances and erroneous movement stereotypes according to Bursová (2005), Hošková & Matoušová (2007) and Bursová et al. (2003). Detection was provided by selected functional muscle tests, which were applied in the input and output measurements. Correct performance of the exercise was evaluated as number 1. Incorrect performance was evaluated as number 2. After the initial measurement and evaluation of the degree of muscle imbalances, a compensation program was designed, whose primary task was to eliminate or alleviate muscle imbalances of individual players. The final measurement was used to verify the effectiveness of the compiled compensation program. A one - sample nonparametric Wilcoxon test was used in the work, the task of which was to confirm the validity of the used tests. Results: Due to the fact that the results of selected probands improved in most of the test exercises...
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Bárta, Jan. "Kompenzační cvičení v ledním hokeji." Master's thesis, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-447294.
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Title: Compensatory exercises in ice hockey Objective: The aim of this diploma thesis is to create battery of compensatory exercises suitable for ice hockey. Methodology: It was used scientific method of observation - theoretical-empirical character. The results were measured by pre-intervention and post- intervation measurements. The results were compared with using a Cohen's coefficient d, an arithmetic mean and a percent. Results: We have created the battery of comepnsatory exercises suitable for ice hockey players. This battery was created by studying the literature, consulting with coaches and physiotherapists and from personal experience. We were found differences in all tests compering pre- intervention and post-intervation measurements, which indicate a tendency to qualitative shift. Key words: ice hockey, muscle imbalances, compensatory exercises, unilateral load
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Plintová, Ester. "Analýza posturálních funkcí a držení těla u triatlonistů ve věku 10-15 let." Master's thesis, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-447236.
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TITLE OF THESIS: Analysis of postural functions and posture in triathletes aged 10-15 years. OBJECTIVES OF THESIS: The aim of this work is to analyze the condition of the musculoskeletal system and posture in triathletes aged 10-15 years and based on that to create a health compensation program and then verify and be able to objectify the main musculoskeletal problems, recommend and provide remedies. METHODS USED: In my diploma thesis I used in testing the level of motor skills tests tested by CTA for the age group of triathletes 8-15 years and then I compared them according to the table determining the level of assumptions using T-points. I used a ray graph to summarize the average results of the group. I tested the analysis of postural functions and posture using physiotherapeutic tests according to the authors Jaroš and Lomíček, and I used Matthias' test as a supplement. During testing according to Jaroš and Lomíček, I used a plumb line, protractor and grid to make the evaluation as accurate as possible. During the physiotherapy measurements, I took photos and videos, thanks to which I was able to better identify postural defects, however they could not be presented in the diploma thesis. I recorded the individual results in tables. RESULTS: My research showed that regular application of a...
Books on the topic "Compensatory exercises"
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Hedley, Steve, and Nicola Padfield. 10. Remedies. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780199586561.003.1152.
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Titles in the Core Text series take the reader straight to the heart of the subject, providing focused, concise, and reliable guides for students at all levels. This chapter discusses the various remedies available to the claimant. In practice, by far the most common is an award of compensatory damages. In a few cases, the claimant may be able to exercise self-help. The claimant may sometimes be able to claim an injunction forbidding the defendant to continue with tortuous behaviour. Alternatively, the claimant may seek an award of money not calculated on compensatory principles.
Book chapters on the topic "Compensatory exercises"
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Sieklicki, Wiktor, Robert Barański, Szymon Grocholski, Patrycja Matejek, and Mateusz Dyrda. "Design and Evaluation of the Platform for Weight-Shifting Exercises with Compensatory Forces Monitoring." In Biomedical Engineering Systems and Technologies, 3–28. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-46970-2_1.
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Medalia, Alice, Tiffany Herlands, Alice Saperstein, and Nadine Revheim. "Bridging Groups." In Cognitive Remediation for Psychological Disorders, 141–68. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med-psych/9780190608453.003.0009.
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Bridging groups are verbal discussion and skill-building groups that foster the transfer of cognitive improvement from the therapeutic setting to everyday life. In cognitive remediation, this process of generalization refers to the application of cognitive skills and compensatory strategies acquired in the sessions to situations outside of the group. Bridging exercises complement the computer-based learning activities and can be broadly categorized as metacognitive or skill building. Chapter 9 provides a framework for the structure and organization of bridging groups and describes how to engage group members in the learning process. Examples of bridging discussions and learning activities are provided.
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Ferguson, Robert J., and Karen Lee Gillock. "Introduction." In Memory and Attention Adaptation Training, 1–20. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780197521571.003.0001.
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This introduction presents a review of the current research on the background, significance, and causes of cancer-related cognitive impairments (CRCI); the theoretical foundations of Memory and Attention Adaptation Training (MAAT), as well as MAAT research to date. It also presents an overview of the MAAT treatment plan, including the four components of MAAT (education/reattribution, self-awareness training, self-regulation exercises, and compensatory strategy development) and a complete MAAT training schedule. The broad consensus of the research literature suggests that approximately 50% of people undergoing cancer treatment experience some form of memory and attention problems following—and often many years after—treatment. The causes reviewed here—primarily chemotherapy, genetic vulnerability, vascular damage/inflammation, and hormonal/endocrine disruption—are those thought to be most helpful in rounding out the MAAT clinician’s basic understanding of the variety of mechanisms that can contribute to CRCI. Regardless of the source of the cognitive problems, cancer survivors can likely compensate for memory and attention problems if they learn specific, adaptive behavioral strategies. The compensatory strategy approach highlighted in MAAT has been found to effectively generalize (or “transfer”) across multiple settings better than repetitive practice (computerized) interventions that limit improvement to trained tasks. The results of research to date on MAAT presented suggest it is efficacious and can be delivered via telehealth services to enhance survivor healthcare access.
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Naidoo, André. "11. Remedies Part III: Non-compensatory Remedies." In Complete Contract Law, 340–76. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198749868.003.0011.
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This chapter identifies some alternative, exceptional remedies that could be available to an innocent party following a breach of contract. Generally, they can only be used when an award of compensatory damages would for some reason not be adequate or is unavailable. The chapter starts with specific performance and injunctions. Both remedies were developed in equity rather than the common law. This means that their application is largely discretionary and so the chapter looks at the factors that could be relevant to the exercise of that discretion. It then turns briefly to the remedy of restitution for unjust enrichment. While this is a different area of law, it can provide a remedy where there was thought to have been a contract but it turns out there was not one. In certain circumstances, it could also provide a remedy following a breach. A basic grasp of this area will also help to understand the very exceptional ‘restitution for a wrong’ remedy. Finally, the chapter considers the remedy of negotiating damages as well as agreed damages clauses.
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Macenski, Christina L. "Recurrent episodes of binging and purging." In Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 189–96. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780197577479.003.0024.
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Bulimia nervosa (BN) is an eating disorder that consists of recurrent binging episodes and inappropriate compensatory behaviors. Binge eating is defined as eating a large amount of food within a discrete time period accompanied by a sense of lack of control over eating during the episode. Examples of inappropriate compensatory behaviors include self-induced vomiting, fasting, excessive exercise, and laxative or diuretic misuse. Additionally, patients with BN experience body image disturbance, where their self-evaluation is unduly affected by weight and body shape concerns. Bulimia nervosa typically begins in late adolescence or young adulthood. Patients either are typically of normal weight or are overweight. Physical examination and laboratory findings are typically normal; however, medical complications can include electrolyte disturbances, cardiac arrhythmia, and dental caries. Fluoxetine and other selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are commonly used to treat BN. A nutritional consultation is another important component of care. Finally, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and family therapy are the psychotherapies of choice.
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Thompson-Brenner, Heather, Melanie Smith, Gayle Brooks, Rebecca Berman, Angela Kaloudis, Hallie Espel-Huynh, Dee Ross Franklin, and James F. Boswell. "Therapist Materials for the Three Parts of Emotions (3-Component Model)." In The Renfrew Unified Treatment for Eating Disorders and Comorbidity, edited by Heather Thompson-Brenner, Melanie Smith, Gayle Brooks, Rebecca Berman, Angela Kaloudis, Hallie Espel-Huynh, Dee Ross Franklin, and James F. Boswell, 107–16. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med-psych/9780190946425.003.0007.
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The session covered in this chapter looks at the three components of emotions, which are thoughts, physical sensations, and behaviors/urges. These components interact and unfold over time. With regard to thoughts, clients frequently know that they have thoughts, but they have difficulty putting the thoughts into specific words. With regard to physical sensations, clients are often least familiar with thinking about physical sensations as a part of emotion. With regard to behaviors, it is useful to think of urges as well as behaviors, and also to broaden thinking to a wide range of behaviors, including not doing certain things. It is particularly useful to identify the three components of emotion in different, recent situations where they experienced strong emotion or behavioral symptoms, such as binge eating, compensatory behavior, driven exercise, body checking, or skipping a meal.
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Santos, Álvaro. "The Lessons of TPP and the Future of Labor Chapters in Trade Agreements." In Megaregulation Contested, 140–74. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198825296.003.0007.
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Linking labor standards to trade agreements out of dual concern for poor working conditions in low-wage countries and unfair labor competition in rich countries reached its high point in the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP). The US labor movement’s opposition to TPP shows the disenchantment with this agenda. Other elements of the agreement were seen as equally important to workers: investment, rules of origin, procurement, and currency manipulation. These new frontiers for labor advocacy in trade agreements highlight the need to re-balance how trade agreements treat capital and labor. A promising, though overlooked, feature of TPP was the pressure the US exercised to encourage domestic labor reforms—formally through a side agreement in the case of Vietnam and informally in the case of Mexico. The US withdrawal set those reforms back. The hardening opposition to TPP also made clear that rich countries’ workers expected losses from trade will not be made palatable in the absence of effective domestic safety nets and compensatory mechanisms. TPP’s reception in the United States was a resounding rejection of liberal globalization as we know it, and the CPTPP, unfortunately, does not seem to chart a different path.
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Seiler, Christian. "Cardiovascular physiology: regulation of coronary circulation." In ESC CardioMed, edited by Guido Grassi, 120–25. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198784906.003.0023.
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This chapter reviews coronary circulatory structural and functional aspects with a focus on human physiology and on pathophysiology relating to ischaemic heart disease. During augmented myocardial oxygen demand (e.g. during physical exercise), oxygen extraction is enhanced only marginally due to high extraction at rest. Thus, the increased demand is met by augmented coronary blood flow. The structural design of the coronary artery tree is matched to myocardial perfusion at rest, and can be derived from an economic construction principle ubiquitously present in biology: the physiological or optimality principle of minimum work. Myocardial perfusion at rest amounts to 1 mL/min/g, the level of which is maintained over a broad range of coronary perfusion pressures between 60 and 140 mmHg (coronary autoregulation). Coronary flow at rest under different coronary pressure challenges is held constant by microcirculatory resistance adaptation. Likewise, coronary flow in response to augmented myocardial metabolic challenges is increased four- to fivefold (coronary flow reserve) by a reduction in microcirculatory resistance. Active regulation of coronary microcirculatory resistance results from a balance between vasodilator and vasoconstrictor stimuli exerted by metabolic signals from the myocardium, the vascular endothelium, and neurohumoral influences. An atherosclerotic coronary stenosis is a vascular resistance in series to the downstream microcirculatory resistance inducing an epicardial coronary pressure drop. At rest, normal coronary flow is maintained due to compensatory microvascular dilatation. Hence, the capacity for further microcirculatory dilatation under increased oxygen demand is limited, that is, coronary flow reserve is reduced.
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Wray, Jo. "The Impact of Congenital Heart Disease on Cognitive and Behavioral Functioning." In Cognitive and Behavioral Abnormalities of Pediatric Diseases. Oxford University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195342680.003.0011.
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Congenital heart disease (CHD) has been defined as “. . . a gross structural abnormality of the heart or intrathoracic great vessels that is actually or potentially of functional significance” (Mitchell, Korones, and Berendes 1971). Congenital heart disease is the most common single group of congenital abnormalities, accounting for about 30% of the total. The incidence is reported as varying between 0.3% and 1% of all live births. Ten to 15% of children with congenital heart defects have more than one cardiac abnormality; up to one-third also have one or more associated noncardiac congenital abnormalities (Wernovsky 2006). Although some forms of CHD are minor and do not require any medical or surgical intervention, others are very complex and may necessitate a series of staged surgical procedures and/or require life-long medications. Significant improvements in medical and surgical techniques have resulted in increasing numbers of children and adults living with CHD, and it is currently anticipated that 80%–85% of children born with CHD today will survive into adulthood (British Cardiac Society 2002). However, although survival rates have improved dramatically over the last 40 years or so, morbidity remains a concern. Congenital heart defects can be broadly subdivided into two groups, based on changes in the circulation. Acyanotic defects may be due to either a left-to-right shunt or to an obstructive lesion; there is no mixing of desaturated blood in the systemic arterial circulation. With cyanotic defects, there may be either increased or diminished pulmonary flow, and desaturated blood enters the systemic arterial circulation, regardless of whether cyanosis is clinically evident. Unsaturated venous blood bypassing the lungs can result in secondary polycythemia, which is a compensatory mechanism to carry more oxygen to the tissues. This causes increased viscosity, which in turn results in sluggish blood circulation and impeded blood flow, particularly in the capillaries. Poor peripheral blood flow and clubbing of the fingers and toes can result, breathlessness and fatigue often result in a reduced exercise tolerance, and growth may be affected.
Conference papers on the topic "Compensatory exercises"
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Vitali, Andrea, Daniele Regazzoni, Caterina Rizzi, and Federico Maffioletti. "A New Approach for Medical Assessment of Patient’s Injured Shoulder." In ASME 2019 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2019-97889.
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Abstract Low cost marker-less motion capture (Mocap) systems can be considered an interesting technology for the objective assessment of rehabilitation processes. In particular, this paper presents a feasibility study to introduce a Mocap system as a tool to assess shoulder rehabilitation. The movements of a shoulder are complex and challenging to be captured with a marker-less system because the skeleton avatar usually oversimplifies shoulder articulation with a single virtual joint. The designed solution integrates a low-cost Mocap system with image processing techniques and convolutional neural networks to automatically detect and measure potential compensatory movements executed during an abduction, which is one of the first post-surgery exercises for shoulder rehabilitation. First, we introduce the main steps of a reference roadmap that guided the development of the Mocap solution for rehab assessment of injured shoulder. Then, the acquisition of medical knowledge is presented as well as the new Mocap solution based on the integration of convolutional neural networks and 2D motion tracking techniques. Finally, the application which automatically evaluates abductions and makes available the measurements of the scapular elevations is described. Preliminary study and future works are also presented and discussed.
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Rogers, John, and Robert Rabb. "Control Theory in Practice: Magnetic Levitation." In ASME 2010 10th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2010-24827.
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A device that levitates a steel ball beneath an electromagnet is used for educational purposes at the United States Military Academy, West Point, New York. Students in the course “Mechatronics” engage in a set of laboratory exercises with the device to reinforce classroom learning. Mechatronics is a senior-level course that introduces the interdisciplinary design of smart systems. Students in the electrical engineering and mechanical engineering programs take the course together, and the material is taught by a team of instructors from both academic departments. The Magnetic Levitation experiments are the primary means of teaching the classical analog control portion of the course. Other aspects of the course involve interfacing microcontrollers with sensors and actuators, and digital control. The magnetic levitation device fits easily on a two-person workbench and requires a power supply and oscilloscope. An infra-red emitter / detector pair is used to sense ball position for a feedback compensator. Students first learn classical control theory in a co-requisite course, “Dynamic Modeling and Control.” Modeling principles are introduced in the context of the magnetic levitation system as an unstable plant to be controlled. The system can be simulated by models ranging from simply linear to more complex to teach the trade-off between model fidelity and model development effort. The students derive the nonlinear governing equations and then linearize the equations and develop the transfer function of the plant. Students design a compensator and simulate the resulting stabilized system with Matlab and Simulink software. Students build their compensator on a solderless project board to levitate the steel ball. A proven lead-type compensator using two resistors and a capacitor is readily provided to students that struggle with their own compensator design so that all teams may enjoy the fruit of a successful experiment. As a laboratory aid, the magnetic levitation system allows for basic and advanced approaches to both theoretical study and practical investigation of a nonlinear, unstable system control. The comparison of measured results to predicted behavior leads to insight about how the physical system is modeled by mathematics. Students write a case study describing the system in detail including characterization of the sensors and actuators. Instructors report that the hands-on nature motivates students to excel. Surveyed students cite the hands-on activities as relevant applications that help develop deeper understanding and greater appreciation for the concepts learned in the classroom. The students are motivated to learn by the fascination of defying gravity.
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Viscuso, Stefano, and Simone Pittaccio. "An EMG-Controlled Device Managing Transition From Passive to Active Exercise in the Acute Rehabilitation of the Ankle Joint." In ASME 2012 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2012-80237.
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The capacity of flexing one’s ankle is an indispensible segment of gait re-learning, as imbalance, wrong compensatory use of other joints and risk of falling may depend on the so-called drop-foot. The rehabilitation of ankle dorsiflexion may be achieved through active exercising of the relevant musculature (especially tibialis anterior, TA). This can be troublesome for patients affected by weakness and flaccid paresis. Thus, as needs evolve during patient’s improvements, a therapeutic device should be able to guide and sustain gradual recovery by providing commensurate aid. This includes exploiting even initial attempts at voluntary motion and turn those into effective workout. This paper presents an active orthosis powered by two rotary actuators containing shape memory alloy (SMA) wire that promote passive ankle dorsiflexion. A computer routine that analyses the electromyographic (sEMG) signal from TA muscle is used to control the orthosis and trigger its activation when appropriate sEMG signal is recorded.