Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Compétences politiques'
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Rudelle, Astié Anne. "Approche culturelle des compétences politiques en contexte organisationnel français." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA080090.
Full textThe aim of this thesis was to conceptualize a model of political skill adapted to the French organizational context. Based on an intercultural reflection between the modes of French and American organizational functioning, the Political Skill Inventory (PSI) developed by Ferris, Treadway, Kolodinsky, Hochwarter, Kacmar, Douglas, & Frink (2005) has been extended to positional and ideological levels from Doise’s psychosocial theory (1982), to the formal dimension of organizations (Mintzberg, 1983) and to the strategic analysis of Crozier and Friedberg (1977). Four studies have led to the development of a four-factor structure (access to formal knowledge, interpersonal influence, intuition of strategic relationships, propensity for learning) and gave evidence of the initial validity of the scale of measurement: the French Political Skill Inventory (FPSI). We have shown that the factor structure of the FPSI is not maintained in the American organizational context. The dispositional and personal ability antecedents of political skill from Ferris, Treadway, Perrewé, Brouer, Douglas & Lux (2007) revealed a good fit to our model. Following the finding that men reported significantly higher FPSI scores than women, we showed that the gender differences observed are due to variations in gender identity and not in biological sex. In particular, androgynous profiles reported significantly higher FPSI scores than female and undifferentiated profiles
Gély, Marie-Laure. "Le rôle de la Cour Suprême dans la répartition des compétences au Canada." Montpellier 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON10063.
Full textTourmen, Claire. "Les compétences des évaluateurs : le cas des évaluateurs de politiques publiques." Grenoble 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007GRE29031.
Full textWhat are the skills needed to evaluate and how do they get developed? These are important questions in the emergent professional field of programme evaluation. They have not been solved by evaluation literature. These questions have oriented a doctoral thesis in education sciences, made for a consulting firm, Eureval. We have observed and analysed the way professional evaluators realize this activity in real situations. We have done a work analysis with the theoretical framework of vocational didactics. We have shown differences in the way beginners and experts conduct and organize their activity. Our results show that evaluation is a situated, addressed and constrained production of knowledge. We have then drawn lessons for professional training in evaluation and skills description
Marbach, Valérie. "Impacts des démarches de gestion des compétences sur les politiques de rémunération." Paris 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA010059.
Full textTaking into account abilities in wages policies is a key condition for the success of management policies based on abilities. This research work analyses the links between abilities management and compensation policies, and proposes five theoretical models for skill based pay systems. Moreover, compensation appears to be very relevant to call in question ideas and practices attached to abilities management identity and objectives. Among others, we evidence that the concept of ability is not as new as it is often said. This focus on the novelty feature of the concept leads to misunderstanding the authentical base of abilities management. In fact, this management tool should be used as to respond to the organisational increasing complexity. We hereby denounce the opposition between abilities and job. The job, whatever characteristics, from the most rigid to the most flexible, represents the foundation of abilities management and the compulsory reference for assessment in order to recognise abilities
Ndoye, Soukeynatou. "Politiques publiques de gestion des âges et transition vers la retraite : la place des compétences." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCB236.
Full textThis research raises the question of longer working lives in an aging French society. It seeks to observe the consequences of political choices on the representations of age and on the organization of social temporalities. From a theoretical point of view, this research combines two dimensions: the life course perspective and the cognitive analysis of public policies. Results show a gradual disintegration of boundaries between work and retirement, accentuated by the attenuation of the demarcation lines between merchant and non-market work. In particular, this phenomenon can be seen as on of the effects of a process of (re) mobilization of skills during the transition from employment to retirement. From a methodological point of view, two surveys were conducted. The first was conducted with companies that were subject to collective negociation under the public framework of the "Contrat de génération". It was interested in how this law has led these companies to question and adjust their age management practices, particularly with regard to measures relating to the transfer of skills and intergenerational cooperation. The second survey focused on the specific case study of a national association of retirees and pre-retirees who practice "skills-based volunteering". It questioned individual and collective motivations underlying this practice and the issues it raise about their place in society
Djeumeni-Tchamabe, Marcelline. "Pratiques pédagogiques des enseignants avec les TIC au Cameroun entre politiques publiques et dispositifs techno-pédagogiques, compétences des enseignants et compétences des apprenants, pratiques publiques et pratiques privées." Paris 5, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA05H001.
Full textThe Cameroonian educational system, to a point in its history, decided to enroll Information and Communication Technology(ICT). It means to take into account an innovation or practices that are often already quite widespread in society. It was introduced to meet the needs that seem to be his. But for teachers to integrate these technologies into their practices, they need to have a clear perception of their roles. How to establish the preconditions that support the operation of the system as a whole? How can these actors acquire the skills necessary to implement new practices? In a historical and sociological perspective, we obtained results indicating that ICT in education in Cameroon have had three main periods: before 1990, after 1990 and the 2000s. From our concern for public policy, we concluded that the structures of ICT policy makers had multiple visions of ICTs but little action followed. It was also noted that there were few ways for those managers. There was always the central role of cooperation with the North in the integration of ICT. For teachers and learners, they have mostly poor practices of ICT, related to models dominated by computer literacy. There were some models of ICT integration in education especially visible in distance education. Now it seems worthwhile to further research to analyze the role of different types of partnerships, particularly in the context of the Francophonie of equipment and functioning of schools
Djeumeni, Tchamabe Marcelline. "Les pratiques pédagogiques des enseignants avec les TIC au Cameroun entre politiques publiques et dispositifs techno-pédagogiques; compétences des enseignants et compétences des apprenants; pratiques publiques et pratiques privées." Phd thesis, Université René Descartes - Paris V, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00551526.
Full textMasingue, Bernard. "Contribution au pilotage des politiques de formation professionnelle dans les organisations." Thesis, Paris 10, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA100035/document.
Full textThis thesis is part of an ambition to Validation des Acquis de l’Expérience (Validation of Acquired Experience). As such, its first part describes a career path through the exercise of different responsibilities in a career mainly dedicated to vocational training. It seeks to demonstrate that the professionalism acquired can be assimilated to expertise skills. The second part explains how a training practitioner was able and willing, for the operational exercise of his own profession, to benefit from the contributions of research and researchers. To the point of instituting a certain porosity between their respective activities, objective factor of reciprocal progress. The third part shows an in-depth research on the management conditions of training policies in work institutions. From the narrative of the practices resulting from the French Law of 1971, it demonstrates the unilateral character of the sole logic of investment in training, neglecting, therefore, the reality of the actual practices. On the strength of this observation, it proposes a new postulate: a postulate of a dual logic of training management in organizations, one related to the risks of dysfunctions in the production of work and one related to the investments to cope with the risks of unemployability due to the evolution of organizations and technologies ... The resulting methods of implementing the training are presented in detail. Finally, this chapter ends with the current and prospective conditions for a positive implementation of this pilotage
Ly, Thierno. "Politiques éducatives, développement et compétences professionnelles des enseignants non titulaires et titulaires de français au Sénégal et en France." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM3114/document.
Full textThe educational authorities in Senegal and France have integrated within their educational systems non qualified teachers of french. Therefore, it remains the problem of professional competence of those teachers who have not been trained before contrary to qualified teachers. Our research will consist on showing whether it is possible for them to develop professional competence within the job. To better conduct our research, we will use the comparative approach as methodology, basing on the idea that non-qualified teachers would develop effective professional competence within the practice as well as the qualified teachers. Thus, our task is to compare non-qualified teachers to qualified teachers who have been trained before practicing effectively. The latter have benefited from the "professional legitimacy" and are considered to be professional and competent. We aim also at seeing if their methodologies (ways of doing and acting) are similar, according to the idea of he genesis triplet. By the end of our work, we have adopted the idea according to which the non qualified and temporary teachers develop indeed professional competence within the practice similar to that of the qualified teachers, even though in France, the similarity is less important. Nonetheless, despite the initial training remains important, we have then recommended the continuous training (the follow up practice) and the validation of the experience achievements as means to make professional the non-qualified teachers
Ndong, Ngoua Pascal. "La politique de décentralisation au Gabon (1996-2007) : entre conflits de compétences, manœuvres politiques et des populations urbaines non urbanisées : les cas de Libreville et de Médouneu." Paris 8, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA083989.
Full textLocal communities are now presented as a guarantee for better “governance” and economic, social and cultural development. With the support of international donors and the democratic revival of the 1990s, these local communities embody a new approach to the organization of local territories, benefit from new credits, and most of the governments of sub-Saharan Africa are committed to ambitious reforms in this direction. Both structural and functional in their nature, these reforms have involved so-called decentralisation policies, i. E. “the transfer or the delegation of different levels of power, by the central Government to various State institutions at the lowest level”. In Gabon, this process was started on June 6, 1996, with the promulgation of the organic law n° 15/96 relative to decentralisation. This step towards reform attempts to break with a strong tendency towards the centralisation of management devices. It thus creates the conditions for a repositioning of political actors [or not], both on the local and national levels, mobilising old and new opinion leaders, creating alliances and competitions, even when the transfers of power, in fact, amount to zero. An analysis of the text seeks to understand how the devices of the organic law n° 15/96 are apprehended, and sometimes manipulated by the various authorities involved in the ongoing process. Also, it is important to identify important points of contradiction which prevent the efficient application of the Law and to analyse the relationship between policy development and socio-political and cultural factors. Moreover, grasping the impact of the reform requires us measure the level of social and economic development it stimulated and to grasp how people participate in public spaces. Reflection on local government reform also involves an assessment of the impact of the Gabonese National Commemoration celebrations on August 17, which, since their resumption in 2002, are every year held in a different province of the country. Finally, the discussion of decentralization in Gabon leads us to ask, to what extent decentralised development cooperation could contribute to the improvement of the socio-economic structures of local Gabonese municipalities, in particular those of Libreville and Medouneu
Novotny, Ondrej. "Résistances à l'Europe: la représentation sociale de l'Union européenne et les compétences politiques étudiées dans le milieu des entreprises tchèques." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209879.
Full textThe second volume describes principal results of analysis of interviews issued from qualitative research between 90 individuals. We focus on explication of cultural and individual context that contributes to the formulation of Czech political attitudes toward Europe. A very detailed individual analysis helps to understand the reason of Czech reticences toward a process of the European integration at the beginning of the twenty-first century. We show four groups of tensions (antinomies) in social representations that actually constitute dynamic elements for political attitudes.
Doctorat en Sciences politiques et sociales
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Sombetzki-Lengagne, Delphine. "Formes étatiques et intégration européenne : l'influence de l'intégration européenne sur la répartition des compétences dans les ordres allemand, espagnol et français." La Réunion, 2001. http://elgebar.univ-reunion.fr/login?url=http://thesesenligne.univ.run/01_27_Sombretzki-Len.pdf.
Full textDi, Pardo Léon-Henri Dana. "L'anglais, langue étrangère du citoyen européen ? : de la politique éducative en France et en Europe à l'élaboration d'une évaluation diagnostique des compétences orales et écrites." Paris 4, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA040121.
Full textOur study is based on an analysis of the linguistic education policies in the different countries of the European Union (EU-27), followed by an examination of the relationships existing between the French and the English language and finally, the creation of a standardised diagnostic language evalaution tool designed to assist the labour market. In order to properly analyse and compare the education policies of Europe, it was necessary to first adjust the presentation of the statistical data. With regards to France, what kind of value do the French give to the English language in their professional and personal lives? The creation of the linguistic evaluation tool (CIEL) not only allows us to determine the linguistic levels of each individual macro competence, in any of the 23 languages officially recognised by Europe, but also in any given employment sector. The research presented in this study promotes the spirit of plurilingualism, a practical and viable resource for the economic stimulation of European and International Commerce
Trillard, Romain. "Une approche info-communicationnelle du changement organisationnel à l’université : autour des portefeuilles numériques de compétences." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016REN20050.
Full textDuring this thesis, we are being interested on “eportfolios” and how they embody the organizational rationalization and the new public management policies in the higher education and research sector in France. We have been searching why they got thumbs down. To do that, we have been leaning on an e – portfolio project manager experience, nearly twenty interviews with other project managers, universities managers, staff and academics and a set of documents. This corpus has beencollected in the framework of a Communicational Approach to Organizations. This method leads us to deal with the symbolic dimension of developments, then with the universities reorganizations, and finally with the transformations of presumed practices by the use of technologies such as “e – portfolio”. To be sure to explore all the dimensions of the change, we have developed an approach switching on the running rationalization and the academic culture. This workenabled us to locate the communications going through our corpus. The analysis points out that some sharp symbolic tightness exist, that work conditions change and deteriorate, and that “e-portfolios” are the subject of an empirical and symbolic disconnection
Blero, Bernard. "Du droit objectif aux droits politiques des administrés: essai sur la répartition des compétences entre le juge judiciaire et le juge de l'excès de pouvoir." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212095.
Full textMani, Philippe Jacques. "Le chef d'établissement public d'enseignement secondaire général au Cameroun à l'ère des mutations socio-économiques et politiques." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO20144.
Full textThe management of schools in Cameroon’s educational system, notably government schools in the general secondary education, follows the bureaucratic logic pertaining to its functioning. This system is organized as a pyramid typical of that of a centralized system of governance which is a top-to-bottom approach. Discretional power plays an undeniable role in the appointment of officials. Despite the country’s evolution, the running of lycées and colleges remains intertwined to this management approach. And yet, its obsolete nature is glaring given the choice of a decentralized political structure. In fact, if the process of decentralization and all its accessories demand professional citizens, they also aspire to officials with established competences. In the case of these aforementioned school directors, we suggest a move from a position to a profession. Professionalization which is a prerequisite for this career path could not be limited to a mere institutional prescription based on the normalization of practises given a competences framework of reference. This research work required the use of mainly qualitative methodological tools as well as sociological action and construction tools. The first of them, in the dimension backed by Michel Crozier, provided us with analytical components as well as methods and concepts which will enhance the understanding of actors’ roles. The second one which is in line with an evolution in the position and gets its grounds from Richard Wittorski’s publications did target the involvement of all actors, especially those benefiting from ‘incorporated competences’. This study has portrayed the various benefits that such a process can bring to the entire educational community
Ouzerdine, Amir. "Le relogement à Annaba : un paradoxe entre normes, politiques d'aménagement et réalités urbaines." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BOR30052.
Full textIn recent decades, the Algerian city has undergone profound transformations of its territory territories following a rampant urbanization, a growing mobility, a socio-spatial recomposition and a diversification of the collective and individual stakes. The recomposition of these urban, central and peripheral territories is subject to housing standards and urban planning rules, which have a universal dimension and apply to all urban fabrics. These norms and rules are aimed at the realization of a share of individual housing estates and other areas of collective housing to respond to a housing crisis and relocate the inhabitants of old unhealthy and degraded fabrics. However, it does not seem to exist in the regulatory texts, or in the proposed developments, willingness to take into account the urban particularities, but most of the major Algerian cities have particular urban fabrics whose morphology, typology and practices do not conform to subdivision or collective sets. Worse still, the process and the relocation operations evolve without any consultation between the different actors of the project. The example of the city of Annaba has made it possible at the same time to "reverse" the relocation plans of developers and the ideals they convey and to reveal the gap between the representations of relocators and relocated. This is essentially linked to a climate of ignorance and mutual mistrust. The collaboration between these two actors remains very limited. The causes are multiple and would be at the origin of the current (devalued) image of the city and the spatial and social expressions often opposite to the basic urban project. The nature of the relocations carried out, from a traditional urban housing with its codified and assimilated rules of use, to a standard collective type of housing, can provoke problematic reactions on the social level (neighborhood report) and / or on the spatial (appropriation of public spaces, delimitation of private spaces). Changing their spatial horizon, sometimes social, these townspeople reformulate their ways of seeing the city, but divert an operation of urbanism unilaterally scaffolded by the developers. Behind all this architectural expression and / or urban, individual and / or collective, in the form of spatial and / or social response, lies the peculiarities of a traditional fabric that loses its effectiveness, its contribution, as well as its identity. The inhabitants try to reproduce (reformulate) certain practices essentially coming from the traditional medina, other times center of social life important. It remains to be seen what impact these new forms of social and spatial responses will have on new developments and their urban aspects
Maire, Sarah. "Science et politique des "soft skills" de l'éducation à l'emploi : sociologie d'un nouveau motif cognitif international." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018STRAG049.
Full textThis doctoral thesis studies the relationships between science and policy through the emergence of the new concept of “soft skills”. Examining how this cognitive motive is built and disseminated at a global level over the last decade, this research shows the essential roles played by experts and international organizations, as well as by entrepreneurs and private networks. These circulations lead to a gradual convergence of actors upon a shared reasoning in the field of education and employment policies. Conducted in France, the second part of the research shows how these dynamics fit in the context of public policies’ reconfigurations. New frames emerge, tightly linked to the growing influence of new actors coming from the fields of philanthropy and social entrepreneurship. Nested in the promotion of human capital and the knowledge economy, justified by the European strategy of lifelong learning and social investment, and by corporate social responsibility claimed by companies, soft skills are growingly promoted. This leads to a gradual hybridization of policies and their actors, studied in the last part of the research which based upon study cases of educational programs
Mattei, Catherine. "Politiques de lutte contre l’exclusion et construction de l’employabilité : évaluation des personnes et offres institutionnelles : Le cas du RMI dans les Bouches du Rhône." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM3052/document.
Full textThis thesis seeks to understand one of France's major social welfare programmes by observing and analysing the professional practices and the way in which the players conceive and reconstruct their tools for their daily work. This study looks at the implementation of laws about the RMI benefit (minimum integration income), primarily focusing on the issue of employability. Increasing unemployment and a growing political desire to rigorously manage public finances has utterly transformed the social welfare; social welfare is increasingly organised on the basis of supply and demand, resembling a market-driven operation. The desire to improve the employability of those receiving RMI is proof of these profound changes. The relationship between users and the benefit-giving institution is symbolised by a reintegration contract. This approach aims at fostering “demand” in the form of an individual plan that should be matched by the “supply” of a service offer. The unbalanced relationship between users and the support system that has not only a market-driven approach, but also an industrialised set-up in terms of accountancy and bureaucratic requirements, is expressed by an explicit aim of standardising the demand to match the supply of services. In order to implement its new responsibilities and its policies of combating exclusion, the Bouches du Rhône Council relies on a circle of organisations: its own services, voluntary sector bodies, and local government organisations. The decentralisation of government action has generated a “local centralisation of powers”, creating top-down practices that run contrary to the independent and bottom-up practices it was supposed to promote
Moussa, Ali Choukri. "Les politiques de formation professionnelle dans le domaines des TIC : le cas des entreprises du transport et de la logistique en République de Djibouti." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU20133.
Full textThis thesis aims at exploring the implementation of the development policies of vocational training in the transport companies and of logistics in Djibouti. We ask the general assumption that the appropriation of Information and Communication Technologies by the company is an important vector of economic development for the company. And three operational assumptions were reviewed and verified: 1) ICT skill level and degree of use is very important. For the company be economically efficient. It has to tick develops the skills of its staff and its management; 2) The training plan is a key tool in the management planning of skills and jobs. To develop the skills tic must now provide a training plan. A company that sets up a training plan recognizes the importance of competence tic and has a potential for economic development; 3) ICT are personal and professional development tools. Two questionnaires from one side to the employees of the other leaders were designed to investigate the field and verify the assumptions made above. The preferred method is both quantitative and qualitative
Richard, Estelle. "Compétence métisse : Mobilisations et métier politique à Mayotte (1975-2005)." Montpellier 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MON10027.
Full textRicou, Benjamin. "Des politiques jurisprudentielles de renforcement de la compétence de la juridiction administrative." Pau, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PAUU2003.
Full textThe competence of the administrative jurisdiction considerably strengthened these last thirty years. In certain situations, the judge hase a more or less important freedom in the determination of the jurisdictional competence, in spite of the existence of texts which have for object or for effect to distribute the competences between the jurisdictions. This double report leads to wonder about the eventuality of the existence of one or several judicial wills to strengthen the competence of the administrative jurisdiction and, if necessary, to wonder about what was able to determine them. The study tries to take the most exact possible measure of the existence of these judicial wills, from a detailed analysis of a corpus of decisions seeming to be strongly filled with considerations of judicial politic cases. As a result an intensification of the competence of the administrative jurisdiction was realized by means of a strategic interpretation of the standards (of constitutional or legislative value) which have for object or for effect to distribute the competences, and legal categories (organic, formal or material) which have this object or this effect. These judicial politic cases are supported by robust justifications. The will to protect the existence of the administrative jurisdiction, to strngthen the State under the rule of law and to confide the dispute involving the administration to the judge the most capable of treating it, appear as being three elements which profoundly guided the driving of the judicial politic cases of intensification of the competence of the administrative jurisdiction
Ben, Jaballah Ghazi. "Compétences, architecture organisationnelle et capacité d'absorption de la technologie." Paris 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA020002.
Full textEssahel, Habiba. "POLITIQUES DE RÉHABILITATION DES QUARTIERS NON RÉGLEMENTAIRES AU MAROC ET MOBILISATION(S) DES HABITANTS. ÉTUDES DE CAS DANS L'AGGLOMÉRATION DE RABAT (RABAT, TÉMARA, SKHIRAT)." Phd thesis, Université François Rabelais - Tours, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00673210.
Full textCruz, Martinez Enrique. "Le fédéralisme financier au Mexique." Thesis, Paris 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA020038/document.
Full textOver the past few years, the Mexican federal system has borne the brunt of numerous criticisms from local government which denounces a high level of centralised fiscal power in the Federation. They advocate a restructuring of the system where a genuine sharing of fiscal power would be instituted between the three levels of government, those being: the Federal Government, the State Government and the Municipalities.Although some reforms have been implemented to increase the decentralisation of financial resources, this has not been the case with taxation power. The process of governmental centralisation, which seems to have progressively taken hold since the adoption of the federal model, demands a reconsideration of its evolution.Financial federalism in Mexico is a thesis which not only analyses the financial structure of the country, but also seeks answers to better understand how the federal system became a centralised federalism and what the causes are. Why is it difficult to change direction or to conceive of a large-scale reform which could reform intergovernmental relations?The responses to such questioning will lead us to a broader conception of the subject where a legal analysis of the federal structure alone will not suffice to explain it, even if this does constitute the legitimate basis of such a political organisation.Indeed, a structure of formal and informal relations exists (power relations) which leads to a conflictual functioning of the system, exacerbated by regional heterogeneousness. From this perspective, the institutional organisation of the State is the result of several factors where the interests of power groups are an integral part of the centralised practice of federalism, followed by a series of economic crises and a tendency to control the management of public affairs from the centre of government.However, uncovering the functioning of this federal system is not simply due to the multitude of factors interacting in its construct. The interest of our research is to interpret the conflictual functioning of financial federalism in Mexico
Charbit, Claire. "Les compétences fondamentales, un outil de gestion ? : application à l'industrie pharmaceutique." Paris 9, 1998. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1998PA090039.
Full textIn the context of the analysis of firms' strategies and performances, core competencies appeared in the early 1990s, in C. K. Prahalad and G. Hamel's publications, as a new way of approaching competitiveness. The first objective of this thesis is to propose a synthetic and operational definition of core competencies. This definition is as follows: core competencies are a combination of knowledge and technologies that enables the company to get a competitive advantage in a whole range of products and services. Core competencies: - enable accessing a large number of markets, unnecessarily related, - enable improving the value of the product for the end-customer, - are difficult to imitate or to acquire for competitors, - are transverse regarding the company's activities. The second objective is to discuss the appropriateness of using core competencies as a management tool, especially in the pharmaceutical industry. Interviews with managers of pharmaceutical companies lead to the identification of the perceived core competencies of these companies. The confrontation of these perceived core competencies and the identification criteria of the definition showed difficulties in understanding the operational and managerial implications of the concept. A synthesis on the applicability of core competencies as a management tool is then given
Hurlet, Frédéric. "Les "collegae imperii" sous Auguste et Tibère : pouvoirs, statut et compétences." Bordeaux 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BOR30016.
Full textThe sharing of the imperial powers between the roman emperor and a colleague, phenomenon which the moderns use to call "coregency", constitutes one of the characteristic features of the augustan and tiberian principates. Organised in three great chapter, this study tries to analyse the most important aspects of this new form of collegiality : the exercice of the coregency through the study of the careers of the colleagues of augustus and tiberius (first part), the institutional powers which helped the coregents to exercice their authority (second part) and the position of the colleague in the imperial regime (third part). All the considerations developped in this study lead to the conclusion that the restoration of the collegiality is an ingenious political way that permitted to augustus and tiberius to maintain the succession in the julian dynasty while giving to the new regime a republican constitutional aspect
Flamand-Lévy, Bénédicte. "Les compétences culturelles attribuées à la Communauté européenne." Paris 5, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA05A002.
Full textGuine-Boucheron, Eliette. "La compétence interculturelle chez le comédien." Phd thesis, Université d'Avignon, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00735844.
Full textMammonas, Démosthènes. "L'exercice des compétences du Parlement européen relatives à la politique extérieure depuis le traité de Masstricht." Paris 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA020118.
Full textMarmont, Thibault. "En quête de compétences : le personnel politique local et l'intercommunalité en milieu rural (haute Côte-d'Or)." Dijon, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007DIJOL030.
Full textAllek, Fayssal. "Une approche pour les compétences fondamentales du développement d’une entreprise sur un nouveau marché : cas de compétences technologiques." Caen, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010CAEN0662.
Full textGarcia, Jean-François. "Politique d'intégration des nouveaux embauchés et effets sur la question de la compétence collective : le cas de SNCF infrastructure territoire de production atlantique." Thesis, Tours, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOUR1008/document.
Full textThe main research question is : how does a new integration policy hired a transformative role of collective competence ? The mobilized theoretical framework is based on HRM but covers other disciplines such as strategic management. Our research methodology was to conduct a thorough case study within SNCF Infra in a specific context : the next opening to competition of the railway market for travelers. It appears from the data analysis that, like training, the integration process contributes to the renewal of employee skills and more specifically by testing existing collective skills. This research tends to highlight two lines of thought : assimilate the absorption capacity to an organizational competence and promote knowledge cooperate as a new meta-competence
Simon, Perrine. "La compétence d'incrimination de l'Union européenne." Thesis, Paris Est, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PESC0086.
Full textThe attribution of a criminalisation competence to the Union raises complex questions traditionally attached to the criminal law power, particularly the one of promotion through criminalisation choices of a collective conscience and the expression of values essential to the society. It is the question of a European identity. The penal integration project has developed very rapidly the last thirty years without any deep reflection on the legitimacy of this evolution. Its experimental character is often considered as an illustration of the banalisation of the criminal sanction, being it in order to respond to violations rising a high social alarm or in order to give effectivity to a technical legislation. The absence of criminal policy creates the fear of a European intervention not respecting the requirement attached to the resorting to criminal law in a State under the Rule of Law that are the respect of the person and mostly the principle of ultima ratio
Leyrie, Christophe. "Étude exploratoire de la gestion politique des parties prenantes dans un projet : vers une compétence collective." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO30019.
Full textFor numerous organizations today, competitive gains rely on a cross-disciplinary approach of project type. Furthermore, as projects multiply and open on their internal and external environments, success is increasingly measured in terms of value for the growing number of actors or stakeholders directly or indirectly involved in the projects.In light of this, the aim of our research is to contribute to a better understanding of how managers can create favorable conditions for good progress and the success of projects involving numerous stakeholders. More specifically, a comparison of the literature on organizational politics, project management and competence led us to question the possibility of a collective competence for the political management of project stakeholders.Based on a qualitative methodological plan, including a series of preliminary interviews and two longitudinal embedded case studies, we confirm the existence of a true political competence and, for the first time, we describe how it is shaped and how it operates at an individual, collective, organizational and inter-organizational level. This leads us to support a conceptualization of shared leadership and a more authentic approach of project stakeholder management as a source of performance. Finally, we have proposed several avenues of further research to implement real collective political competence management
Niangoran, Koffi Rameaux. "Le financement des collectivités territoriales en Côte d'Ivoire : essai sur la gouvernance publique locale en Afrique." Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010282.
Full textDecentralization is the major institutional innovation that African countries since the 1990s. If it is irreversible, the fact remains that the ability of local authorities to provide local public services to local people and to boost development economic and social development is constrained by the narrow legal means, financial, human and material. This thesis public law concerns the financing of local authorities in Côte d'Ivoire. The overall objective of this study is to demonstrate one band, the different local public policies financed by local institutions, and secondly, the means used to finance them. After an investigation that has used many types of data (documents, interviews, direct observations, etc.) it appears that the local authorities financing assets in Côte d'Ivoire have proven and can point to a success material for making local investment. However, the existing legislative tools and devices on sustainable local development raise difficulties raise questions about the very effectiveness of the financial system in these decentralized entities. This means that malfunctions exist on this subject and impede the initiatives of local elected officials. Based on a series of African case studies and numerous examples in other parts of the world, this thesis proposes concrete ways to modernize the Ivorian local government finance system. The evolution of the economic and social development across Côte d'Ivoire depends largely 011 this legal reform, institutional and sociological
Legrand, Ludovic. "Limites au principe du consentement des États à la compétence de la Cour mondiale : (Droit et politiques juridiques)." Thesis, Paris 10, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA100139.
Full textThe principle of State consent to the jurisdiction of the International Court of Justice (ICJ) and that of its predecessor, the Permanent Court of International Justice (PCIJ), is a fundamental principle of international adjudication. According to the Court, and academic commentary, the Court's jurisdiction is governed entirely by this principle. However, affirming the existence of limits reveals a gap between theory and practice. Study of the sources of the Court's jurisdiction leads to the identification of factors which do not support this discourse. The reality of cases before the Court contrasts with the perception of a court rigidly subject to State consent to its jurisdiction, and brings to light the legal policies pursued by the principal actors in proceedings before the Court: States and the Court itself
Liao, Liao. "Déconcentration et transferts des compétences économiques en Chine, 1992-2010." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM1005.
Full textWith its economic development that enhanced the power of local governments, China is experiencing an evolution of its territorial organization called the « provincial Districts » reform. But what kind of territorial reorganization is it ? And what are the stakes? This thesis aims to analyze decentralization reforms in China through the cases of two provinces, Zhejiang and Sichuan. The hypothesis is developed that the devolution of state and local decentralization movement present a new model of local governance in China.This thesis is based on the combination of several analytical perspectives: first, historical and a national perspectives, focusing on the evolution of centralized system and the genesis of this reform; then another perspective accounts for the change in the intergovernmental relations under the level of province and the formation of« growth » coalition and the « anti-growth » coalition. These two types of analysis show that the governance depends not only on the national system but especially on what is the local public action associated with a territory, such as the action of Districts / urban areas/ province, social actors, such as entrepreneurs and green associations and individual dynamics which become more and more important
Tocquer, Gérard. "Les sources d'avantages concurrentiels dans les services : une approche basée sur les compétences." Nice, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995NICE0040.
Full textThe objective of his research is to validate the ressources based theory in the services sector. The research model integrates the process by which competences emerge and the consequences to be conpetent. The investigation field is the airlines industry. The results show that service quality is more important how service productivity for explaining airlines profitability
Cadiou, Stéphane. "La cité de l'expertise : savoirs et compétences d'experts dans le gouvernement des villes." Bordeaux 4, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002BOR40037.
Full textElnadi-Vesel, Faïza. "Étendue et mise en oeuvre des compétences conventionnelles de la Communauté européenne." Paris 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA010325.
Full textEvina, Obam Richard. "La politique fiscale au Cameroun : étude sur l'exercice de la compétence fiscale des Etats depuis la décennie 1980." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM1034/document.
Full textAgainst the backdrop of the conceptual uniqueness of the tax policy implemented by the government, lies a genuine fragmentation of fiscal decision-making sources. The State organ ultimately responsible for tax policy choices actually bears the laborious compromise built on trading of choices between public and private stakeholders at national and international levels. The State of Cameroon which, since independence in 1960, has been the keystone of the whole political edifice, and the initiator of tax-related decisions, is witnessing an adjustment in its unique structure national level due to the combined effect of political democratization and economic crisis. Its erstwhile monopoly in the production of fiscal choices is being fragmented due to the increasingly assertive international scope of tax-related issues. In short, the State's tax jurisdiction is shifting from decision-making monopoly to shared decision-making prerogatives integrating national constraints and requirements at international level. Understanding fiscal policy becomes a central issue in the State's new role of implementing the social contract. The new challenge for the State in the post-modern environment is to enhance its ability to continue to ensure the conceptual uniqueness of the fiscal decision-making process despite the turbulence of the internal order and international society. It is the advent of a smart State bringing together stakeholders involved in the construction of a fiscal order
Muis, Anne-Solange. "Application locale des politiques de développement durable sur les territoires français, vers une cohérence territoriale ?" Cergy-Pontoise, 2008. http://biblioweb.u-cergy.fr/theses/08CERG0409.pdf.
Full textWhereas the scientific ecology principle was dedicated to analysis of an ecosystem, the global perspective has brought to the effect of man as a key player and member of this system. Our increased knowledge has revealed weaknesses in our approach to the environment and a new awareness is appearing : sustainable development. The multitude of interpretations of this concept reveals a wide and nebulous definition and at local level, wide and varied uses, showing a lack of clarity and logical links between decisions and actions. So territorial coherence is crucial in sustainability research. It's determined by territory links, and depends on the success of the principles of cooperation, participation and evolution within the politics of sustained development. However, regarding the multiple territorial use of sustained development, the competition between local action and decision territory, the question regarding the sustained territories is asked. If the territorialisation of politics is a necessary parameter in the linking of territories, it requires help to be organised and applied. In this sense, the Sustainable Development Strategic Institute, could be an interesting proposition, offering the possibility for decisions makers and key players in a territory to co-construct a project to target a territory of shared responses
Aidara, Mouhamadou Moustapha. "Evolution des compétences de la région en matière de formation professionnelle." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Orléans, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010ORLE0001.
Full textThe vocational training constitutes one of the big fields of intervention of the region in France. Formally, the know-how transmission of vocational training in the region began in 1983 with the recognition inthe region of a competence of common law in vocational training and in learning (apprenticeship). But this firstphase of decentralization of the vocational training seems paradoxical not to say contradictory. Indeed, so muchthe will shown to transfer to the region the vocational training is real so also seems evident the preservation of theprivileges of the State in the sector of the training(formation).A decade later, will intervene the important quinquennial reform of 1993 which intends to strengthen the powersof intervention and the responsibilities of regional councils in the construction of the regional policies ofvocational training.But at the same time as it strengthens the regional power, the reform questions the ancient regulations of thevocational training and calls the development of a cooperation to the regional level among which the modalitiesand the contents remain veryindecisive.A decade later, the reforms of 2002 and 2004 dedicate the whole responsibility of the region for the definition andthe implementation of the regional policy of learning (apprenticeship) and vocational training of the young peopleand the adults.However, and however paradoxical it can appear, the principal assertion of the general competence of the regiondoes not guarantee an effectiveness of its autonomy in vocational training. Indeed, the reform leaves unresolvedof numerous questions. For regions, the new skills are similar to a fight often exhausting, against the rigidity ofthe system
Derégnaucourt, Philippe. "Les transformations du travail social à l'épreuve de la politique de la ville : de la certification à la compétence." Toulouse 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998TOU20072.
Full textDuring the eighties, when urban politic was in its infancy, a few social workers, inspired by new methodologies of intervention in the field of social work, were able to play a significant part in the life of social housing estates. The initial philosophy of this policy pioneered by H. Dubedout seemed to provide for local experiments carried out by these social workers taking on some form of official status. Above all, however, urban policy has sounded the death knell of the monopoly held by social workers. Analyzing five places in France has made it possible to observe the emerging of new contributors. Three groups appear to be playing a decisive role in these local policies: elected local councilors, voluntary associations, and the family allowance office. This development is resulting in a sort of embryonic; social work carried out by staff with few qualifications, often precarious status, but with the distinctive characteristic, for the most part, of originating from these housing estates. The objectives aimed at by the instigators of this embryonic; social work have more to do with supporting and managing a jobless population (for whom the socialization) than developing a local democracy with the active participation of the population. For these new professionals in the field of social work, the notions of practical competence and belonging to a place take precedence over formal qualifications
Bénard-Pouleau, Annick. "Les cadres de l'action sociale de 1982 à 2002 : rôles et compétences des responsables de circonscription." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004VERS007S.
Full textThe 1982 devolution law and the so called « particuliere » law of 1986 have given local authorities new competences that have dramatically changed the social care landscape, especially as the on going economic crisis modifies the needs of the population. Social care professionals will therefore be faced with a new social context, new social participants, and their actions will be heavily criticized by sociologists, elected representatives, … Consequently, wariness amongst some traditional social care professions, be they field operatives or management, builds up progressively. We will focus on Norman social care district managers and define their roles, skills and professional status. Understanding the process by which these managers gain their professional and social status will be one of the objectives of this work. To do this, we will use the role analysis method as defined by H. Mintzberg. Studies show that these managers are in an ambiguous position: on one hand, they have not managed to grasp the challenges of the local authority new social policies, and on the other hand, they have not managed to build on their original skills, thus finding themselves in an almost impossible situation. As these managers cannot deliver, we find that in some districts their position is being removed
Codjo, Jonas. "Concurrence potentielle dans les services de télécommunications en France et identification des nouveaux entrants : l'apport des théories des ressources et des compétences des firmes." Paris 9, 1996. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1996PA090070.
Full textThe question about new entrants' identification into an industry deals as much with empirical research as economic theory. Either point of view offers only partial and intuitive answers and rely on tools which reveal themselves enable of contributing to the understanding of the question and to the building of an analytical answer. The evolutionary analysis of the firm provides the global framework, while the resource-based theory and the competence-based one define the appropriate tools: the firm as a portfolio of resources (physical, financial and intangible) and operational and strategic competences. Assuming a correlated and coherent diversification of the firms, we show that it's the proximity of some industries with the telecommunication services ones (mobile and fixed telephone) which induce the firms to diversified themselves. The identification of sectorial proximity relies on the existence of similar and complementary resources. Although all the firms of an industry from which the telecommunications services industry is near are potential entrants, only a few of them will enter. The latter need should have strategic competences which are tacit, hard to imitate and accumulate during their history and should be able to contract alliances and develop their learning capacity to increase their chances to enter in the new industry. Some empirical conclusions are drawn in terms of methodological investigation on the identification and the different features of resources and competences but also in terms of implementation of the sectorial proximity. Theoretically, the introduction of a sectorial analysis of competences on the one hand and considering of the influence of the maturity differential of the industries on the different kind of operational and strategic competences used one the other hand, could establish new promising developments
Charvier, Fanny. "Les compétences des collectivités décentralisées en matière de patrimoine culturel : étude comparée, France, Italie, Belgique." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO30068.
Full textThe need to develop policies dedicated to the preservation of cultural heritage has been proven. Today the issue of cultural heritage raises a new problem related to the distribution of powers between different public authorities. In France, it seems that there is a centralizing vision of heritage protection that carries on. Therefore we can ask ourselves how heritage public policies are organized in neighboring countries, especially in the states with a different legal and administrative structure and also more particularly, which position do decentralized authorities get. The comparison between France, as unitary State, Italy, as regional State, and Belgium, as federal State shows similarities and differences. Thus despite a substantially similar historical evolution, the legal framework of which the powers of decentralized communities are part of, is very different from one state to another. It can be seen through sources and criteria of heterogeneous powers repartition.Beyond a diverse context, this three States come together with exercise of powers by decentralized authorities. These have limited autonomy in specific legislation heritage. But it seems that these authorities are more freedom in legislation more general. These heritage policies are in addition to policies based on traditional instruments of preservation
Vogler, Éric. "Experts, novices et apprentissage d'une nouvelle expertise : analyse du développement de nouvelles compétences en services professionnels par une méthode expérimentale." Lyon 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001LYO33029.
Full textAidara, Mouhamadou Moustapha. "Evolution des compétences de la région en matière de formation professionnelle." Thesis, Orléans, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010ORLE0001.
Full textThe vocational training constitutes one of the big fields of intervention of the region in France. Formally, the know-how transmission of vocational training in the region began in 1983 with the recognition inthe region of a competence of common law in vocational training and in learning (apprenticeship). But this firstphase of decentralization of the vocational training seems paradoxical not to say contradictory. Indeed, so muchthe will shown to transfer to the region the vocational training is real so also seems evident the preservation of theprivileges of the State in the sector of the training(formation).A decade later, will intervene the important quinquennial reform of 1993 which intends to strengthen the powersof intervention and the responsibilities of regional councils in the construction of the regional policies ofvocational training.But at the same time as it strengthens the regional power, the reform questions the ancient regulations of thevocational training and calls the development of a cooperation to the regional level among which the modalitiesand the contents remain veryindecisive.A decade later, the reforms of 2002 and 2004 dedicate the whole responsibility of the region for the definition andthe implementation of the regional policy of learning (apprenticeship) and vocational training of the young peopleand the adults.However, and however paradoxical it can appear, the principal assertion of the general competence of the regiondoes not guarantee an effectiveness of its autonomy in vocational training. Indeed, the reform leaves unresolvedof numerous questions. For regions, the new skills are similar to a fight often exhausting, against the rigidity ofthe system