Academic literature on the topic 'Competition law'

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Journal articles on the topic "Competition law"

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Lianos, Ioannis. "Competition Law." World Competition 32, Issue 2 (June 1, 2009): 274–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/woco2009028.

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Gerber, David J. "Competition Law." American Journal of Comparative Law 50 (2002): 263. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/840879.

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Skilbeck, Jennifer. "Competition law." Commonwealth Law Bulletin 31, no. 2 (January 2005): 187–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03050718.2005.9986694.

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Forrester, I. S., and C. Norall. "Competition Law." Yearbook of European Law 8, no. 1 (January 1, 1988): 215–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/yel/8.1.215.

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Forrester, I. S., and C. Norall. "Competition Law." Yearbook of European Law 9, no. 1 (January 1, 1989): 271–314. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/yel/9.1.271.

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Lane, Robert. "Competition law." International and Comparative Law Quarterly 61, no. 4 (October 2012): 991–1005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020589312000425.

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The period under review (January 2010 – June 2012) has been a time of consolidation (or exhaustion) for the Union generally, as the Lisbon changes are allowed to bed in. The competition sphere is no exception. There has been limited initiative, certainly nothing ambitious to come out of the Commission over the period. At the same time a new Commission took up office—three months late, and by a little-remarked constitutional sleight of hand1—in 2010, and with it came a new Commissioner for Competition (Mr Almunia) and with him a new Director-General of DG Competition (Mr Italianer—Dutch notwithstanding the name), which event sometimes, but not always, marks a reorientation of Union competition policy. Both are economists which, again, may or may not influence the direction of policy. At the same time the Union has been buffeted by a financial crisis not wholly of its own making in which the competition rules must have a significant role to play.
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Gerber, David J. "Competition Law." American Journal of Comparative Law 50, suppl_1 (2002): 263–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcl/50.suppl1.263.

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Forrester, I. S., and C. Norall. "Competition Law." Yearbook of European Law 10, no. 1 (January 1, 1990): 407–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/yel/10.1.407.

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Forrester, I. S., and C. Norall. "Competition Law." Yearbook of European Law 11, no. 1 (January 1, 1991): 419–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/yel/11.1.419.

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Forrester, I. S., and C. Norall. "Competition Law." Yearbook of European Law 12, no. 1 (January 1, 1992): 547–633. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/yel/12.1.547.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Competition law"

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Ong, Burton T. E. "Competition law and the common law of unfair competition." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:0bcf048f-12a6-495d-a7ae-66b307d296df.

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Competition between trade rivals in a marketplace operating within a common law-based legal system is regulated primarily by two fairly distinct branches of the law: the prohibitions against anti-competitive conduct imposed by the competition law framework, and the common law restraints against acts of “unfair competition” that attract liability under the economic torts. This dissertation aims to critically examine both these legal frameworks and provide an integrated account of how these branches of the law distinguish between lawful and unlawful modes of competitive conduct. By scrutinising the doctrinal and policy foundations that underlie each of these legal frameworks, common thematic strands that may not be immediately apparent to lawyers working exclusively in either field will be exposed, while fundamental differences between their respective inner workings will also be uncovered in the process. Engaging in such a comparative exercise will facilitate a deeper understanding of the contrasting objectives and jurisprudential approaches associated with each legal framework which, in turn, sheds some light on the nature of their relationship with each other and the extent to which legal developments in one field ought to influence, or be influenced by, the other. Besides evaluating how and why the common law economic torts operate differently from the competition law prohibitions in circumscribing the liberty of individual competitors to inflict economic harm upon their trade rivals, this dissertation will also analyse selected types of commercial conduct which are regarded as lawful under one framework but unlawful by the other, and contrast them with scenarios which could attract overlapping legal liability under both legal frameworks. In addition, this dissertation will explore a selection of legal issues arising from the doctrinal interaction between these areas of the law that may confront the courts as these two legal frameworks continue to develop in tandem with each other.
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Glader, Marcus. "Innovation markets and competition analysis : EU competition law and US antitrust law /." Lund : Faculty of Law, Lund Univ, 2004. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/476526825.pdf.

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Hrle, Jelena. "International arbitration and competition law." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ64281.pdf.

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Pinto, Carlo. "Tax competition and EU law." [S.l. : Amsterdam : s.n.] ; Universiteit van Amsterdam [Host], 2002. http://dare.uva.nl/document/65841.

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Hrle, Jelena. "International arbitration and competition law." Thesis, McGill University, 1999. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=30305.

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Arbitrating of competition law claims has generated a substantial tension between the policies served by promoting international arbitration and those protected by the national competition law. Despite the legal tension and unpredictability associated with arbitrating competition law issues, the arbitrator should, in principle, resolve such issues. This study analyses the main concerns when arbitrating competition law issues, such as jurisdiction, choice of law and, in particular, the position of national jurisdiction regarding the enforcement of the award conflicting national competition law.
This study proposes the functional approach to choice of law problems according to which the arbitrator will decide on the applicable competition law bearing in mind the content of mandatory norm, its connection with a dispute and the consequences of its application and non-application. In that regard, this thesis will examine how an arbitrator should address the extraterritorial effect of the competition law. The study will suggest that if the competition law policies of states connected with a dispute serve opposing and conflicting goals, the arbitrator should, in order to preserve his/her neutral function refuse to decide whose competition policy is "better" and should consequently decline jurisdiction.
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Sage, Ewelina D. "Community competition law of multimedia." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.431019.

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Nghishitende, Kaulikalelwa N. "Competition law : the legal precedent of the Wal-Mart case on competition law development in Namibia." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/12891.

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This dissertation paper is based on the decision of the Wal-Mart cases in respect to competition law, mergers and acquisition in Namibia. Owing to the fact that Namibian law is mostly derived from South African law, the exploration and analysis will be based on both Wal-Mart cases in Namibia and South Africa in respect of the subject matter with specific particularity on the significance of the court’s judgment to competition law development in Namibia. The paper will also contain an exposition of the High Court and Supreme Court’s judgment in Namibia as well as the judgment of the South African Court on the same subject respectively. This is aimed at providing an in-depth understanding of the approaches taken by the two courts with respect to mergers and also to derive guidelines from the interpretation of the court in South Africa owing to the fact that the court in South Africa has successfully and efficiently dealt with the same issues many times compared to the Namibian courts. The guidelines that will be looked at will be based on how the courts in Namibia and South Africa have applied and interpreted the provisions within the Act pertaining to statutory granting or refusal of mergers in the sphere of competition law with specific reference to the question of public interest. An analysis on the respective judgments will be provided.
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Al, Badwawi Saif Ahmad. "Does the new competition law ensure fair competition in the UAE?" Thesis, Southampton Solent University, 2013. http://ssudl.solent.ac.uk/3487/.

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Competition law has become an important legal tool as it plays a significant role in preventing different forms of anti-competitive behaviour and ensures fair competition in the market. For this purpose, the United Arab Emirates has adopted its first comprehensive competition law, named “UAE Federal Law No. 4 of 2012 Concerning Regulating Competition”, to be enforced from 23rd February 2013. The law contains 33 Articles regulating competition in all commercial sectors. This research aims to investigate the UAE competition law in order to answer the main question, which is to what extent does the new law ensure fair competition in the commercial field of the country. It examines the flaws and drawbacks in the competition law and the enforcement mechanism. The research suggests the reforms required to improve the law and the way this could be accomplished. In order to answer the main question, the research applies two main methods, which are the black letter approach and the socio-legal approach. In addition, the research will employ the interview approach. Different issues were found in the UAE competition law in the areas of anti-competitive agreements, abuse of dominant position, mergers and acquisitions, state aid, and enforcement. The findings demonstrate that evidence exists of anti-competitive behaviour in the market, such as monopolistic practices and abuse of dominant position. Furthermore, there is evidence of inadequate implementation of the law against many market players, such as state-owned undertakings. From the findings, the role of the Competition Regulation Committee seems to be weak and inadequate, and there are some conflicts with the role and the Ministry of Economy. Some recommendations have been suggested for policy reform and enhancement of the law and its upcoming regulations. It is hoped that the findings of this research will provide a framework for the UAE and the countries in the region that seek to have more competitive markets. This study is the first to address the competition law of the UAE, thus this study contributes to the understanding of the law and its application, and it is hoped it will add to knowledge in the field of competition law. Furthermore, based on the evidence, the research concludes by suggesting a number of implications and potential future research avenues.
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Ferreira, Laura Cristhina Fiore. "The effectiveness of Brazilian competition law." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1998. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/2578/.

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Attempts to regulate competition in Brazil have been made since the early 1960s without much success. However, with the adoption of trade liberalisation measures in the early 1990s, competition has gradually been regarded as an essential element of the process of liberalisation of the economy, and thus efforts have been made to develop and enforce competition law and policy. This thesis describes and evaluates competition law in Brazil during this last period. It critically analyses the legislation, the practices of enforcement agencies and the relevant case law. Emphasis is given to the study of cases which involve restrictive business practices as well as mergers, and which have been decided at the administrative level. This thesis highlights four main points: 1) developing countries should try to develop their own approach to competition law, and avoid adopting models created in other countries that reflect another reality; 2) competition legislation must define the approach to be adopted in the implementation of competition law in order to avoid uncertainty in the market; 3) a well structured institutional framework is necessary for the enforcement of competition law and policy; and 4) competition policy should be part of a coherent set of economic policies adopted by the government. The conclusion of this thesis is that competition policy in Brazil has not yet produced significant results. Factors that undermine competition policy in Brazil are the system for the enforcement of the law, the lack of coherence in case law, and changes in economic policy. On the other hand, there has been some progress: the legislation covers the main aspects of competition; the performance of enforcement agencies is improving; these agencies are co-ordinating their enforcement practices; and there is growing awareness among economic actors in Brazil that competition is desirable and should be protected.
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McCahery, Joseph. "Regulatory competition, economic regulation, and law." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1997. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/34750/.

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One often meets the view that economic regulation should be understood in terms of Pareto efficiency. Economic theories of law have traditionally focused on concepts such as market failure, efficiency, and inefficiency. Proponents assume that under the conditions of perfect competition, rational economic actors will enact courses of action that tend to induce Pareto outcomes. The idea of perfect competition means that markets which are competitive will induce efficient outcomes. The perfect competition approach has focused on the conception of market failure as the foundation for designing regulatory policy. Until recently, lawyers overwhelmingly relied upon a model of economic contract, developed over the last two decades in law and economics, as a normative structure to guide efficient decision-making.
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Books on the topic "Competition law"

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Whish, Richard. Competition law. 3rd ed. London: Butterworths, 1993.

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Whish, Richard. Competition law. London: Butterworths, 1985.

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E, Sufrin B., ed. Competition law. 3rd ed. London: Butterworths, 1993.

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M, Brassey M. S., ed. Competition law. [Lansdowne: Juta Law], 1999.

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Whish, Richard. Competition law. 4th ed. London: Butterworths, 2001.

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attorney, Bailey David, ed. Competition law. 7th ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012.

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1952-, Greaves Rosa, ed. Competition law. Aldershot, Hants, England: Ashgate/Dartmouth, 2003.

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Dorothy, Livingston, Pouncey Craig, Latham Charles 1959-, and European Economic Community, eds. Competition law sources. London: Longman, 1991.

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Mario, Siragusa, and Rizza Cesare, eds. EU competition law. Leuven, Belgium: Claeys & Casteels, 2006.

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Jones, Christopher. Competition law checklist. London: Sweet and Maxwell, 1993.

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Book chapters on the topic "Competition law"

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Judge, Stephen. "Competition Law." In Business Law, 503–29. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-14962-9_17.

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Moens, Gabriël, and John Trone. "Competition Law." In Commercial Law of the European Union, 183–228. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-8774-4_6.

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Scott, Benjamyn I., and Andrea Trimarchi. "Competition Law." In Fundamentals of International Aviation Law and Policy, 268–302. 2nd ed. London: Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003435501-10.

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Smith, Rhonda L. "Competition and Competition Law." In Competition Law and Economics in Australia, Volume I, 93–115. London: Routledge, 2025. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003509028-7.

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Dickinson, Andrew. "Unfair Competition/Restriction of Competition." In The Rome II Regulation: The Law Applicable to Non-Contractual Obligations, 61–68. Oxford University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780199588466.003.0006.

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Lianos, Ioannis, Valentine Korah, and Paolo Siciliani. "The Goals of EU and UK Competition Law." In Competition Law, 86–198. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law-ocl/9780198826545.003.0002.

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Abstract This chapter provides an overview of the goals of competition law in the EU and UK. It first considers the aims and objectives of competition law from a normative perspective, focusing on how competition fosters growth and economic development, the fundamental assumptions of the economic welfare/efficiency paradigm of competition law, the link between economic efficiency and consumer welfare, criticism of the narrow economic welfare perspective in competition law and the separability thesis, the role of the competitive process in the promotion of innovation, consumer protection, freedom to compete/freedom to trade, and fairness and equality of opportunity. The chapter then presents a positive law account of competition law aims and examines market integration as a primary objective of EU competition law before concluding with an analysis of the political and ideological content of competition law.
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Matsushita, Mitsuo, Thomas J. Schoenbaum, Petros C. Mavroidis, and Michael Hahn. "Competition Policy and Trade." In The World Trade Organization, 787–822. 3rd ed. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780199571857.003.0022.

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Abstract This chapter examines competition policy issues in the WTO regime. Topics discussed include anti-competitive conduct that adversely affects international trade; provisions on competition policy in WTO agreements; extraterritorial application of domestic competition law; trade policy/trade laws and competition policy; and competition policy and international cooperation in the WTO.
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Lianos, Ioannis, Valentine Korah, and Paolo Siciliani. "Horizontal Restrictions of Competition." In Competition Law, 687–810. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law-ocl/9780198826545.003.0007.

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Abstract This chapter focuses on the horizontal restrictions of competition. It first provides an overview of how competition law deals with horizontal collusion (collusion between competitors) before discussing the boundaries of the cartel category, the harm caused by cartels, and the underlying economic theory explaining their assessment in competition law. It then considers the use of effects-based approaches vs. formalism in assessing the competitive implications of cartels, the application of Article 101(1) TFEU and Chapter I of the UK Competition Act of 1998 to horizontal restrictions, collusion between competitors and restrictions of competition by object, horizontal price fixing and output restrictions, market sharing, bid rigging/collusive tendering, collective boycott agreements, and information exchange as an object restriction. The chapter also examines collusion between competitors and restrictions of competition by effect and concludes with an analysis of possible justifications for horizontal restrictions to competition.
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Lianos, Ioannis, Valentine Korah, and Paolo Siciliani. "Distribution Agreements." In Competition Law, 1246–414. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law-ocl/9780198826545.003.0010.

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Abstract This chapter examines how Article 101 TFEU is applied to restraints included in the distribution of products, including the specific block exemption regulation for vertical restraints and the guidelines on vertical restraints. It first provides an overview of the different forms of vertical control required in coordination between the various stages of the vertical chain before introducing a typology of vertical restraints. It then considers how competition law distinguishes between vertical control by ownership and vertical control by contract, the application of Article 101(1) TFEU to vertical restraints, the pro-competitive theories of vertical control and their reception in EU competition law, and anti-competitive theories of vertical control and their reception in EU competition law. The chapter also analyses the application of Article 101(3) TFEU to vertical restraints and concludes with an assessment of the power of retailers to impose vertical restraints to their suppliers.
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Harcourt, Alison. "Competition Law." In Brexit and the Digital Single Market, 141—C8N84. Oxford University PressOxford, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192899378.003.0008.

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Abstract This chapter analyses EU competition policy as applied to digital markets with a focus on the UK. EU competition policy is explained from its outset in the EU’s founding treaties to the 2021 Digital Markets Act, which sets out new classifications for online platforms which are identified as ‘gatekeepers’. The chapter analyses decision-making in online platform, telecommunications, and chipset markets. DG Competition’s approach is compared to the progression of UK competition policy post-Brexit with assessment of the UK’s capacity to handle large online platforms. Lastly, the chapter evaluates UK cooperation agreements and memoranda of understanding with the EU, EU states, and other countries.
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Conference papers on the topic "Competition law"

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Treacy, P. "Competition law." In IEE Colloquium on `Principles of Law for Engineers and Managers'. IEE, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ic:19961318.

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Göktepe, Hülya. "Globalization, Competition and Competition Law." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c03.00479.

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The growth of competition law in recent years has been enormous throughout the world. This development of competition law is certainly influenced by globalization. Also, with the impact of privatization and liberalization in the last decade competition law has turned out to be a major concept in developing economies. Competition law provides the formation and protection of free competition. Modern market economy is the basis of the principle of free competition. Free competition provides an effective utilization of resources, price goes down, saving to reduce costs, find new technologies and their use in production. Desired markets, although a perfect competition market, because of market failures rather than the ideal situation monopolies, cartels can occur. At this stage, competition policies become important because they provide an efficient resource allocation, and constitutes an important element in raising the level of social welfare. Competition in the market without any intervention from inside or outside freely determine in the liberal economic systems is important. Competition law, at this stage, stepped in for the formation and protection of free competition and plays an important role. Competition law is state intervention tool in order to establish and maintain free competition in the economy. Competition laws is seen as the constitution of the economy The aim of this study is to analyze competition law rules is implemented in Turkey and Kazakhstan and to determine differences and similarities. Also Examples of decisions issued by the Turkish competition authority will be presented.
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Göktepe, Hülya. "Competition Policy and Competition Law in Turkey and Russia." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c04.00690.

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Competition law provides the formation and protection of free competition. Modern market economy is the basis of the principle of free competition. Free competition provides an effective utilization of resources, price goes down, saving to reduce costs, find new technologies and their use in production. Desired markets, although a perfect competition market, because of market failures rather than the ideal situation monopolies, cartels can occur. At this stage, competition policies become important because they provide an efficient resource allocation, and constitutes an important element in raising the level of social welfare. Competition law is state intervention tool in order to establish and maintain free competition in the economy. Competition laws is seen as the constitution of the economy. In Russia, first competition authority was created in 1990 and the Law “On Competiton and Ristriction of Monopolistic Activity on Goods Markets” passed in 1991. After the OECD Peer Rewiew Report on Russia’s Competition Policy and Law, competition authority was abolished, new Federal Antimonopoly Service (FAS) established in 2004. Also new competition law passed in 2006. In Turkey, competition law passed in 1994, Turkish Competiton Authority was established in 1997. The aim of this study is to analyze competition law rules is implemented in Turkey and Russia. Also Examples of decisions issued by the Turkish competition authority and FAS Russia will be presented.
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Svejdarova, Sylva. "EUROPEAN COMPETITION LAW REGULATING AGRICULTURE." In 4th International Multidisciplinary Scientific Conference on Social Sciences and Arts SGEM2017. Stef92 Technology, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgemsocial2017/12/s02.059.

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Ozturk, O., and P. Ozturk. "Patent Right Competition Law Interface." In Proceedings of PICMET 2006-Technology Management for the Global Future. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/picmet.2006.296655.

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Plotnic, Olesea. "INTERACTION BETWEEN CONSUMER LAW AND COMPETITION LAW IN PANDEMIC TIMES." In International Jean Monnet Module Conference of EU and Comparative Competition Law Issues "Competition Law (in Pandemic Times): Challenges and Reforms. Faculty of Law, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.25234/eclic/18835.

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If in the case of consumer law, as protected persons are the consumers, then in the case of competition law, the protected entities are the competitors. A combination of actions in competition law presupposes that the same commercial offer satisfies several individual interests of consumers. In the strictest sense, such a combination implies the same legal fact, simultaneously opening up more possibilities for the consumer to choose due to loyal offers from a professional, if he is monopolistic or dominant in the market. More broadly, it can also be accepted that offers can be combined from several competing professionals relating to the same product or service and concerning the same individual interest of a consumer. The possible complementary effects of common law, which would justify the non-limitation of a specific piece of legislation, can never lead to a new monopoly. In some cases this will make competition law more effective and, in other cases, provide marginal and non-exclusive protection to consumers who do not have a direct right guaranteed by competition law. The purpose of this article is to demonstrate the interdependent relationship between competition law and consumer law, from the perspective that both have the same common goal, namely to limit abuses by professionals in their economic activity, especially during pandemic times.
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Arai, Koki. "Data Distribution and Competition Law Issues." In 2021 IEEE International Conference on Big Data (Big Data). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/bigdata52589.2021.9671329.

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Jusmadi, Rhido, and R. Wahjoe Poernomo. "Relaxation of business competition law enforcement and its existence in the Indonesian business competition law system." In 3RD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF BIO-BASED ECONOMY FOR APPLICATION AND UTILITY. AIP Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0120242.

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Chitanu, Grigore. "Implications of new changes in competition law for anti-competitive agreements." In Statul, securitatea şi drepturile omului în era digitală, 391–98. Moldova State University, 2024. https://doi.org/10.59295/ssdoed2024.40.

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On July 25, 2023, the Parliament adopted in its final reading Law no. 199 by which significant changes were made to the Competition Law no. 183/2012 which entered into force on September 18, 2023. These changes were made in order to implement the international commitments assumed by the Republic of Moldova, in the context of obtaining the status of a candidate country for accession to the European Union and the Association Program between the European Union and the Republic of Moldova 2021-2027, with the aim of harmonizing the national legislation with the normative framework of the European Union and implementing the good practices of the member states of the European Union. The new provisions of the Competition Law no. 183/2012, come with several amendments including those related to anti-competitive agreements and the procedure for carrying out inspections, which are to be analyzed in this communication.
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Matompo, Osgar S. "Implementation of Justice Principles in Competitive Business Competition." In Proceedings of the International Conference on Business Law and Local Wisdom in Tourism (ICBLT 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icblt-18.2018.30.

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Reports on the topic "Competition law"

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Correa, Carlos M. Intellectual Property and Competition Law. Geneva, Switzerland: International Centre for Trade and Sustainable Development, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.7215/ip_ip_20080820.

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Clark, John. Competition Law and Policy in El Salvador: A Peer Review. Inter-American Development Bank, January 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011354.

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The OECD has been active in promoting competition policy among countries in Latin America and the Caribbean and formed a partnership with the Inter-American Development Bank to further this aim. The principal feature of this partnership has been the annual Latin American Competition Forum (LACF), at which senior officials from countries in the region discuss, in roundtable fashion, issues of competition policy of interest to them. El Salvador volunteered to be peer reviewed at the sixth LACF meeting, held in Panama, on 10-11 September 2008. This review examines El Salvador's competition law and policy: content and application of the competition law and enforcement structure and practices; the limits of competition policy; and promotes competition advocacy.
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Bebchuk, Lucian Arye, and Allen Ferrell. A New Approach to Takeover Law and Regulatory Competition. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, March 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w8148.

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4

Bebchuk, Lucian, Alma Cohen, and Allen Ferrell. Does the Evidence Favor State Competition in Corporate Law? Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, December 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w9380.

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Johnson, Paul. It’s time to take a firmer grip on companies and competition law. The IFS, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1920/co.ifs.2024.0344.

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6

Benavente, José Miguel, and Pluvia Zuñiga. How Does Market Competition Affect Firm Innovation Incentives in Emerging Countries? Evidence from Chile and Colombia. Inter-American Development Bank, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004235.

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The effect of market competition on firm innovation remains controversial, especially in the context of developing countries. This paper presents new empirical evidence about the causal impact of competition on firm innovation for Chilean and Colombian manufacturing firms. Using instrumental-variable estimation, our results show that market competition increases firm propensity to invest in innovation, but this relationship manifests differently in the two countries. While this relationship is linear in Chilean firms, an inversed-U shaped relation prevails in Colombian firms. In both countries, however, innovation incentives are mostly concentrated in the medium range of the firm productivity distribution. These findings are robust to including past innovation engagement, import competition, and business dynamics. In addition, first- stage estimations show that competition law interventions improved market competition in sanctioned sectors while business entry reforms significantly leveraged competition across industries. These findings stress the importance of pro-competition regulations and competition policy, not only to benefit consumers welfare but also to support firm innovation.
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Durovic, Mateja, and Franciszek Lech. A Consumer Law Perspective on the Commercialization of Data. Universitätsbibliothek J. C. Senckenberg, Frankfurt am Main, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21248/gups.64577.

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Commercialization of consumers’ personal data in the digital economy poses serious, both conceptual and practical, challenges to the traditional approach of European Union (EU) Consumer Law. This article argues that mass-spread, automated, algorithmic decision-making casts doubt on the foundational paradigm of EU consumer law: consent and autonomy. Moreover, it poses threats of discrimination and under- mining of consumer privacy. It is argued that the recent legislative reaction by the EU Commission, in the form of the ‘New Deal for Consumers’, was a step in the right direction, but fell short due to its continued reliance on consent, autonomy and failure to adequately protect consumers from indirect discrimination. It is posited that a focus on creating a contracting landscape where the consumer may be properly informed in material respects is required, which in turn necessitates blending the approaches of competition, consumer protection and data protection laws.
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Rojas-Suárez, Liliana. Financial Inclusion in Latin America: Facts, Obstacles and Central Banks' Policy Issues. Inter-American Development Bank, June 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0007016.

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This paper shows that, in spite of recent progress in the usage of alternative financial services by adult populations, Latin America's financial inclusion gaps relative to either high-income countries or the region's comparators (countries with a similar degree of development) have not reduced generally and, in some cases, have even increased during the period 2011-2014. An econometric investigation of potential country-level obstacles explaining these gaps finds that institutional weaknesses play the most salient role through direct and indirect effects. Lack of enforcement of the rule of law directly reduces depositors' incentives to entrust their funds to formal financial institutions. Indirectly, low institutional quality reinforces the adverse effects of insufficient bank competition on financial inclusion.
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Pauwels, Teun. The impact of the Russia–Ukraine War on ties between the Vlaams Belang in Belgium and the Putin regime. European Center for Populism Studies (ECPS), March 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.55271/rp0013.

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The populist Radical Right party, Vlaams Belang (VB), has consistently proved itself a successful electoral competitor in Belgian politics. Already in 2004, the party obtained 24% of the vote in Flanders, focusing on issues such as immigration, Flemish nationalism, crime and law and order. As of 2007, however, the party faced increasing competition from the Flemish nationalist party Nieuw-Vlaamse Alliantie (N-VA), which has been able to present itself as a democratic alternative to the populist VB. In recent years, the VB has tended to radicalize rather than moderate its tone to differentiate itself from competitors. While foreign policy has not been a salient issue within VB ideology, various party members have developed close ties to the Putin regime since 2010. For example, Filip Dewinter, a prominent member of the VB, has met Russian officials and appeared in Russian media. Following the invasion of Ukraine, the VB was forced to shift its position on Putin’s regime. The current leader, Tom Van Grieken, has admitted he was seriously mistaken about Putin. Even Dewinter has strongly condemned Putin. At the same time, the VB remains sceptical about sanctions against Russia.
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Benavente, José Miguel, and Pluvia Zuñiga. The Effectiveness of Innovation Policy and the Moderating Role of Market Competition: Evidence from Latin American Firms. Inter-American Development Bank, September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003655.

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This paper evaluates whether market competition matters for the effectiveness of innovation policies. Using data for manufacturing firms in Chile and Peru, we implement propensity matching techniques combined with differences-in-differences estimation to evaluate the impact of innovation subsidies on the post-treatment innovation investment effort of firms and test whether such impact differs according to the intensity of competition. We corroborate the existence of crowding-in effects in beneficiaries when compared to a control group of untreated firms. The subsidy impact is found either only significant in highly competitive sectors or larger in more competition-intensive industries -compared to low competition ones. Thus, we confirm that market competition plays a moderating role in the effectiveness of innovation policies to stimulate firm innovation investment. The results are robust to different matching and estimation methods and suggest, therefore, the importance of considering market contexts in the design of innovation policies.
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