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Banya, Rowland Mwesigwa. "Competitiveness and efficiency of commercial banks and economic growth in the frontier economies of Africa." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/29607.
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Various studies have examined the relationship between competition and efficiency in the banking sector, and others have looked at how this relates to broader economic growth. Goldsmith (1969) and King and Levine (1993), among others, consequently found that financial reform in the banking sector has led to improved efficiency and competition and, as a result, led to economic growth. Financial reform in Africa came about as a result of financial liberalization that took place during the late 1980’s. This reform process was structured to increase competition and efficiency of the financial sector. This has motivated academic inquiry into the assessment and measurement of bank efficiency, bank competition and the impact on economic growth. The literature available indicates a myriad of factors that impact upon bank efficiency and bank competition. A determinant that is scarcely addressed in the literature on Africa however is the quality of institutions. Against this background, this thesis presents a collection of empirical papers on competition, efficiency and economic growth of the banking sector in Africa. Explicitly, annual firm level data on banks from 10 frontier African countries is employed to study different economic theories using various panel data econometric methodologies. The findings reveal that the banking industry in Frontier Africa is characterised by monopolistic competition. In addition, our results may suggest that bank competition could be beneficial for economic growth. As bank competition increases via the efficiency channel, this would ultimately increase economic growth. Furthermore, we also analyse the relationship between bank competition and efficiency. We observe a positive relationship between bank competition and both profit and cost efficiency, as a consequence these findings reject the Quiet Life Hypothesis. We also observe low levels of bank efficiency and competition across the sample. However, the study finds that diversification into non-interest generating activities enables Frontier African banks increase their earnings potential. The study also looks at the quality of institutions and the impact on bank competition. Our results indicate in general, we find that regulatory quality has a positive effect on the degree of competition in the banking sector. The findings recommend that to improve economic growth, policy makers should aim at improving competitive and efficiency conditions in the banking sector because a competitive banking system will allocate resources more efficiently and spur economic growth is as a result. The focus of this policy should therefore be on competition policies, comprehensive financial liberalisation policies, macroeconomic policies and regulatory and supervisory policies.
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Pham, Chi Quang. "The competitiveness and efficiency of the Vietnamese banking sector in the face of financial liberalisation." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/3171.
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This thesis provides empirical evidence of the impact of financial liberalisation on the competitiveness and efficiency of the Vietnamese banking sector by applying a combination of non-parametric frontier estimation methods, stochastic frontier methods and Tobit panel data regression techniques. There have been few studies in Vietnam linking financial liberalisation to banking sector competitiveness and efficiency. In the thesis, these parametric and non-parametric methods are applied in a pilot study to measure the allocative efficiency at branch level of the Vietnam Bank for Agricultural and Rural Development (VBARD) – the largest bank in Vietnam in terms of total assets. The technical efficiency of the Vietnamese banking sector at bank level is then estimated using the same methods. The empirical investigation of the thesis is based on the use of branch-level data and bank-level data for a sample of more than 50 branches of VBARD across the country over the period 2004–2008 and around 40 banks over the period 2002–2012. Using data envelopment analysis (DEA) to measure allocative efficiency at branch level and technical efficiency at bank level and using stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) to estimate cost and profit efficiency at branch level, the thesis suggests that the contributions of financial liberalisation to bank efficiency are generally mixed, depending on the measures of bank efficiency used and the sub-periods taken into account. The thesis presents weak empirical evidence of the positive impacts of financial liberalisation on efficiency improvements of the Vietnamese banking sector at both branch and bank level. Banking efficiency is inconsistently increased over the period of financial liberalisation as the financial market is more liberated and the size of the banking sector substantially increased. Hence, industry rationalisation through reconsolidating and restructuring mergers and acquisitions (M&A) is required. The thesis suggests that both financial liberalisation and greater competition contribute to lower profit efficiency and higher costs for banks. The thesis indicates that the Vietnamese banking system is dominated by large banks and that the state-owned commercial banks (SOCBs) are more efficient than the joint stock commercial banks (JSCBs), mainly because of their competitive advantage in terms of size. Furthermore, Vietnamese banking efficiency at both branch and bank levels is significantly improved by high levels of capitalisation, larger size and a better labour force, while it is hampered by low loan quality. The findings also suggest that the northern banks in Vietnam are more efficient than the southern banks. The empirical evidence of the thesis is also focused on investigating the impact of financial liberalisation on bank technical efficiency and productivity growth, making use of a two-step approach consisting of DEA and Tobit panel data regressions. The analysis conducted across the different location groups (north and south) suggests that the impact on the technical efficiency of banks is more pronounced in the northern areas than in the southern areas. Furthermore, the Tobit estimation takes into account bank-specific differences in terms of total assets, the equity–total assets ratio, the labour–capital ratio and the provision–capital ratio; the evidence suggests that these influences are also mostly significant under financial liberalisation. As a result, the thesis suggests that financial liberalisation reinforces an independent impact on the technical efficiency of banks.
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Elfeituri, Hatem. "An empirical investigation of market structure, determinants of profitability, competitiveness and productivity in MENA economies banking sector." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 2016. https://researchportal.port.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/an-empirical-investigation-of-market-structure-determinants-of-profitability-competitiveness-and-productivity-in-mena-economies-banking-sector(09b251d2-7604-4aa9-ba92-036e1a07290d).html.
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The purpose of this thesis has been to investigate the market structure, profitability, competitiveness and productivity of commercial banks operating in the MENA economies for the period 1999-2012. The study first measures whether the banking industry in MENA economies has been concentrated or not, and aims to investigate the relationship between market structure and banks’ profitability; then examines whether a bank’s performance can be better explained by the Structure-Conduct-Performance (SCP) hypothesis, that claims that a highly concentrated market leads to collusive behaviour among larger banks, resulting in superior performance hypothesis or by the efficient hypothesis (EH) that claims that the positive association of market share of a bank and higher performance is caused by the bank’s superior efficiency. Empirically, I apply the Panzar-Rosse model to investigate which can be beneficial to policy makers, by illustrating how to shape policies which positively affect the market competition and safeguard stability of the financial sector. Finally, the study assesses changes in banking productivity by employing Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), and the findings will be able to show bank managers, market participants and policy makers the sources of productivity of commercial banks and to assist them for optimum resource allocation strategies. This study examines markets that were found to have different degree of market concentration, and assesses the relevance of SCP and EH paradigm. The results of panel analysis and GMM estimators, provide evidence that the SCP hypothesis is not rejected, emphasising that increased market power yields monopoly profits. The fact that the impact of market concentration is positive in MENA economies is vital evidence, at least to a certain extent. On the other hand, Market share (MS) is found in most regressions using fixed effects to be positive and highly significantly different from zero, whilst market concentration is equal to zero, supporting the argument that if a bank enjoys a higher degree of efficiency in respect to good management and technology than its competitors, it can easily gain a larger market share by lowering its prices and earning economic profits However, also the thesis finds a positive and significant relationship between net interest margins, profitability and capital adequacy, suggesting that commercial banks in the MENA economies still need to be highly capitalised so as to be viable and to operate profitably. Spending on technology and fixed assets is found to contribute in making banks more profitable, but banks’ size not, indicating that policymakers, regulators and managers of banks in the MENA region should encourage mergers that lead to significant investments, instead of simply increasing the size of the new scheme. Poor cost management is one of the largest contributors to poor performance for commercial banks in the examined period. Overall, the thesis finds evidence of structural reforms and uncovers measures that have led to the improvement of regulation, and the implementation of frameworks which should continue to improve competitiveness within MENA banking sectors. In addition, future policy on the banking sector should take account of differences in the factors that affect bank productivity in these countries which are distinctively different.
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Андрос, С. В. "Загальний діагноз конкурентоспроможності та стабільності банківського сектору України." Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2013. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/30674.
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Владні структури тяжіють до повільних еволюційних змін банківського сектора, поступової модернізації і капіталізації банків при збереженні за державою повного контролю над банківською системою.
При цитуванні документа, використовуйте посилання http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/30674
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Dias, Manuel Maria. "Eficiência e competitividade no setor bancário angolano." Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/31192.
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Este trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar a relação entre a eficiência e a competitividade no sector bancário angolano, no período de 2007-2019, usando metodologias com dados em painel. O sector bancário angolano pode ser caraterizado em quatro períodos diferentes, em função das peculiaridades políticas, económicas e sociais que marcaram cada um destes períodos. O grande destaque vai para o último período, quando se registou uma revolução da atividade bancária com grandes repercussões na competitividade e na eficiência. O custo médio eficiente é de 0.77 nos 22 bancos estudados. Os bancos privados estrangeiros e os bancos públicos apresentam um custo médio eficiente de 0.77 e os bancos privados domésticos um custo médio eficiente de 0.76, e a tendência do custo médio eficiente é manter constante nos últimos anos do estudo. Os bancos angolanos operam num rendimento decrescente à escala, representando uma escala eficiente de 0.74. Quando a amostra é dividida em função da dimensão bancária, observou-se que todos os bancos operam no rendimento decrescente à escala, e o mesmo acontece quanto amostra é dividida em função da propriedade acionista bancária, com diferenças pouco significativas nas médias. A competitividade foi avaliada em função dos indicadores do índice de Lerner e H-statistic numa perspetiva não estrutural. Estes indicadores revelam o sector bancário como um mercado de concorrência monopolista, apresentando um Índice de Lerner de 0.63 e o H-statistic apresenta no equilíbrio de curto prazo um valor de 0.15 (usa proxy da rendibilidade das receitas totais) e no equilíbrio de longo prazo são de 0.22 e 0.17 (usando proxies das rendibilidades dos ativos e do capital próprio, respetivamente). A aplicação do teste de causalidade de Granger na relação entre os indicadores de eficiência (Custo Eficiente e Escala Eficiente) e o indicador de competitividade (índice de Lerner), comprovou a hipótese competitividade-eficiência no sector bancário angolano. A análise dos indicadores de concentração, nomeadamente: Quota de mercado e o Índice de Herfendahl-Hirschaman convergem no mesmo sentido (mercado de concorrência monopolista) no sector bancário angolano. A relação entre os indicadores de concentração e da eficiência confirmou as hipóteses Structure-Conduct-Performance, Structure-Efficient e Quiet-life. A coexistência das quatro hipóteses simultaneamente tem grandes implicações e desafios tanto para os decisores políticos como para os gestores bancários; Abstract:
Efficiency and Competitiveness in the Angolan Banking Sector
This work aims to investigate the relationship between efficiency and competitiveness in the Angolan banking sector, in the period 2007-2019, using panel data. The Angolan banking sector was characterized in four different periods, depending on the political, economic and social peculiarities that marked each of these periods. The great highlight goes to the last period that revolutionized the banking activity with great repercussions on competitiveness and efficiency. The average efficient cost of the 22 banks studied is 0.77. Private foreign banks and State banks have the average efficient cost (0.77) and Private foreign domestic have the average cost (0.76), and the trend of average efficient cost has been constants in the last years of study. Angolan banks operate a decreasing scale, representing an efficient scale of 0.74. When the sample is divided according to the banking dimension, it was observed that all banks operate on a decreasing return to scale, and the same happens when the sample is divided according to the bank shareholder property, with minor differences in the averages. Competitiveness was assessed according to the Lerner and H-statistic index indicators from a non-structural perspective and these indicators indicate the banking sector as a monopolistic competition market, with a Lerner Index of 0.63 and the H-statistic presents a balance of short-term a value of 0.15 (uses proxy for total incomes) and in the long-term balance is 0.22 and 0.17 (used proxies for returns on assets and equity respectively). Application of the Granger causality test in the relationship between the efficiency indicators (Efficient Cost and Efficient Scale) and the competitiveness indicator (Lerner index) verified the competition-efficiency hypotheses. The analysis of the concentration indicators, namely: The Market Share and the Herfendahl-Hirschaman Index indicate the same direction (monopolistic competition market) in the Angolan banking sector. The relationship between the concentration and efficiency indicators confirmed the Structure-Conduct-Performance, Efficient-Structure and Quiet-Life hypotheses. The coexistence of the four hypotheses simultaneously has major implications and challenges for policy makers and bank managers.
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Кушнерик, В. В. "Інформатизація та автоматизація банківської сфери як фактор підвищення конкурентоспроможності діяльності банків." Thesis, Українська академія банківської справи Національногобанку України, 2012. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/63494.
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В сучасних конкурентних умовах не можливо уявити ефективну діяльність суб’єктів господарювання без використання ними інформаційних технологій.In today's competitive environment, it is impossible to imagine the effective activity of business entities without the use of information technology.
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Кривенко, Лариса Володимирівна, Лариса Владимировна Кривенко, and Larysa Volodymyrivna Kryvenko. "Роль вітчизняної банківської системи в реалізації євроінтегрованого курсу." Thesis, Українська академія банківської справи Національного банку України, 2004. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/63349.
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Вядрова, Н. Г. "Формування фінансової стратегії як напрям підвищення конкурентоспроможності банку." Thesis, Чернігів, 2020. http://ir.stu.cn.ua/123456789/20455.
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Вядрова, Н. Г. Формування фінансової стратегії як напрям підвищення конкурентоспроможності банку : дис. ... канд. екон. наук : 08.00.08 / Н. Г. Вядрова. - Чернігів, 2020. - 275 с.Дисертаційну роботу присвячено дослідженню теоретичного обґрунтування, розробці методичних підходів та практичних рекомендацій, спрямованих на підвищення ефективності фінансової стратегії для забезпечення необхідних передумов розвитку банку в умовах посилення конкуренції на ринку банківських послуг. У процесі вирішення цієї проблеми було визначено теоретико-методичні аспекти формування екосистеми інноваційної діяльності банків, обґрунтовано теоретичну конструкцію алгоритму формування фінансової стратегії банку. Проведено ґрунтовний аналіз рівня конкуренції на ринку банківських послуг за допомогою індексів ННІ та CRn, удосконалено інформаційно-організаційне забезпечення процесу формування та вибору фінансової стратегії на основі ідентифікації факторів впливу на обов’язкові економічні нормативи банку та побудови агрегованого індикатора фінансової стійкості; запропоновано комплекс заходів щодо вдосконалення фінансової стратегії в контексті підвищення конкурентоспроможності банку.
Диссертационная работа посвящена исследованию теоретического обоснования, разработке методических подходов и практических рекомендаций, направленных на повышение эффективности финансовой стратегии для обеспечения необходимых предпосылок развития банка в условиях усиления конкуренции на рынке финансовых услуг. В процессе решения этой проблемы были определены теоретико-методические аспекты формирования экосистемы инновационной деятельности банков, обоснованно теоретическую конструкцию алгоритма формирования финансовой стратегии банка. Проведенный обстоятельный анализ уровня конкуренции на рынке банковских услуг с помощью индексов ННИ и CRn, усовершенствовано информационно-организационное обеспечение процесса формирования и выбора финансовой стратегии на основании идентификации факторов влияния на обязательные экономические нормативы банка и построения агрегированного индикатора финансовой устойчивости; предложен комплекс мер по совершенствованию финансовой стратегии в контексте повышения конкурентоспособности банка.
The dissertation is devoted to the study of theoretical substantiation, development of methodological approaches and practical recommendations aimed at improving the effectiveness of financial strategy to ensure the necessary prerequisites for the development of the bank in the face of increased competition in the financial services market. The dissertation offers new scientific views on the economic content of the innovation ecosystem, which is proposed to be defined as a set of relations that arise between its participants in the development and implementation of new banking technologies and creating innovative banking products to improve financial services and competitiveness, bank in the context of business digitalization. Understanding this category allows to deepen the scientific and pragmatic basis for determining the directions of intensification of financial intermediation development on the basis of creating a single integrated channel of clients' access to financial services in the form of a digital financial supermarket. The author substantiates the scientific and theoretical principles of financial strategy formation by creating an algorithm for forming the bank's financial strategy, which, in contrast to the existing ones, involves the implementation of the following stages: 1) identification of current trends in the financial services market; 2) assessment of the bank's competitiveness; 3) conducting a comparative assessment of the financial stability of banks and the banking system as a whole; 4) assessment of the impact of external and internal environmental factors on the actual values of mandatory economic standards of capital, liquidity, credit risk and investment. Identification of factors influencing the internal and external environment on the implementation of mandatory economic standards was proposed by the bank to build multifactor regression models of the dependence of the actual values of capital (H1, H2, H3), liquidity (H4, H5, H6), credit risk (H7, H8, H9) and investment risk (H11, H12) from external and internal factors. This allowed us to develop recommendations for increasing the capitalization, liquidity and financial stability of the bank in a destabilizing impact of the internal and external environment. To assess the financial stability of banks and the banking sector in general, an approach based on the calculation of the aggregate financial stability indicator (IA) was proposed for the given efficiency parameters. The results of the calculation of this aggregator allowed to comprehensively assess the financial stability of the bank and establish patterns of interdependent changes (determination of dynamics, substantial properties and individual relationships and contradictions), increase the validity of management decisions to neutralize crisis trends in financial strategy development and development. It is argued that to determine current trends in competition in the banking market, it is advisable to use a comprehensive approach, which involves: assessment of the level of concentration using Herfindahl-Hirschman indices and calculation of indices CR3, CR10 and CR20. The results show an increase in the level of oligopolization of the industry and an increase in the share of the largest banks in assets, loans to legal entities, loans to individuals, funds of legal entities, funds of individuals and equity of the banking sector. Clustering of banks by level of competitiveness allowed to identify three groups of banks (cluster 1 – banks with a high level of competitiveness; cluster 2 – banks with a medium level of competitiveness; cluster 3 – banks with a low level of competitiveness), to conduct a comparative analysis of their financial strategies between the financial performance of banking and the level of competitiveness of the bank. The dissertation improves the methodological approach to evaluating the financial performance of the bank, the implementation of which involves the use of a system of balanced scores and establishing strategic guidelines for banking in a competitive market for such subsystems as asset and liability management, bank income and expense management, bank liquidity management, management banking risks, efficiency of banking marketing, management of internal processes and personnel. This allowed to identify the presence of intergroup imbalances and justify management measures to neutralize them. The author offers proposals for improving the bank's financial strategy, which are based on the provisions of the customer-oriented model of banking business. This allowed to formalize the conditions of convergence of participants in the ecosystem of innovation activities of banks to increase their competitiveness and financial stability, as well as to develop recommendations for the creation of a digital financial supermarket. To increase the effectiveness of financial strategy in the dissertation formulated scientific and applied recommendations for its selection, which provide for the use of matrices for strategy selection on such parameters as competitiveness, financial stability and banking risks, competitive position in the market. The dissertation substantiates KPI (Key Performance Indicators), which will allow to obtain a prompt, reliable and comprehensive assessment of the current financial condition of the bank, identify problems in the early stages of their occurrence and make effective management decisions to address them by making appropriate corrective measures in the financial bank strategy
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Хлопотов, Д. С., and D. S. Khlopotov. "Факторы повышения конкурентоспособности международного банка на российском рынке : магистерская диссертация." Master's thesis, б. и, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10995/95063.
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Актуальность исследования обуславливается тем, что банковская сфера в наше время является высоко конкурентной средой и в свете протекающей глобализации и консолидации финансового сектора наблюдается снижение количества частных банков, что вызвано, в свою очередь, процессами слияния, поглощения и неспособностью противостоять крупным агентам рынка, поддерживая необходимые требования, которые выставляются регуляторами. Финансовые институты вынуждены наращивать свой арсенал конкурентных преимуществ, активно использовать нераспределенную прибыль на формирование отличительных конкурентных факторов и заниматься мониторингом существующих предложений на рынке. Как следствие, кредитным организациям необходимо критически подходить к успехам и неудачам иностранных коллег, повышая эффективность банковского бизнеса, формируя собственные уникальные конкурентные преимущества. Целью диссертационной работы является оценка факторов повышения конкурентоспособности международного банка в разрезе сложившегося отечественного финансового сектора. Объектом диссертационного исследования выступает отечественный филиал АО «Райффайзенбанк». Предметом исследования является процесс формирования конкурентных преимуществ АО «Райффайзенбанк», система экономических, организационных и финансовых механизмов повышения эффективности деятельности банка. Результатами выпускной квалификационной работы являются разработка многофакторной модели формирования чистой прибыли, рекомендации по оптимизации существующих процессов и экономическая оценка эффектов от внедрения предлагаемых инструментов.The relevance of the study stems from the fact that banking is a highly competitive environment and in light of the proceeding of globalization and consolidation of the financial sector, a decrease in the number of private banks, which caused, in turn, processes of mergers, acquisitions, and the failure to counter major market agents, while maintaining the necessary requirements that are set by regulators. Financial institutions are forced to increase their arsenal of competitive advantages, actively use retained earnings to form distinctive competitive factors and monitor existing offers on the market. As a result, credit institutions need to take a critical approach to the successes and failures of foreign colleagues, increasing the efficiency of the banking business, forming their own unique competitive advantages.
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Schneider, Friedrich. "Regulating the banking sector /." Florence (Italie) : European University Institute, 1990. http://bibpurl.oclc.org/web/33280.
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Prange, Tim. "The Chinese banking sector." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Wirtschaftswissenschaftliche Fakultät, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/16129.
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Zusammenfassung: Diese Arbeit liefert eine institutionenökonomische Sicht auf den chinesischen Bankensektor des Jahres 2005. Im theoretischen Teil werden etablierte makroprudentielle Indikatoren zur Prüfung der Bankenstabilität in einen Rahmen aus informellen und formalen marktregulierenden und marktstabilisierenden Institutionen integriert. Die sich anschließende positive institutionelle Analyse zielt auf die Identifizierung von Risiken für die Stabilität des chinesischen Bankensektors ab, welche sich aus diesem institutionellen Gefüge ergeben. AbstractAbstract: This paper gives an institutional perspective on the Chinese banking sector at the end of 2005. For the theoretical part, this paper uses established macroprudential indicators for banking sector stability and integrates these into a set of formal and informal market-regulating and market-stabilising institutions. The following positive institutional analysis aims at identifying risks for the stability of the Chinese banking sector emanating from this institutional framework.
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Malcata, Pedro. "Banco BPI: banking sector." Master's thesis, NSBE - UNL, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/10349.
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JÃnior, Rosendo Fernandes da Silva. "There was change in Competitiveness Public and Private Banks in Local Markets Brazilians after the year 2000? A Competitive Analysis for the year 2010, considering all public banks (scenario # 1), and considering only CAIXA as the only Public Bank (scenario 2). Following, antitrust analysis in Sector Brazilian Banking: fusion simulation application from Bank of Brazil and CAIXA." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2014. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=16228.
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nÃo hÃEm 2008, o mundo se deparou com uma crise econÃmica que abalou as pilastras e confiabilidade no setor bancÃrio mundial. Os bancos se estruturam em um processo defensivo de proteÃÃo de seus ativos. No Brasil, O Governo Federal estimulou os bancos pÃblicos a prover crÃdito no mercado, buscado suavizar os efeitos de fuga de investimento e repatriaÃÃo de cash na recomposiÃÃo dos ativos. A pergunta chave desse artigo Ã: houve alteraÃÃo na Competitividade de Bancos PÃblicos e Privados em Mercados Locais Brasileiros apÃs o ano 2000? Mais de uma dÃcada se passou e refizemos essa verificaÃÃo para dados de 2010, seguindo Bresnahan e Reiss (1991a), e comparamos com o trabalho de Coelho, Pinho e Rezende (2011). Dada a alta concentraÃÃo no setor bancÃrio, como se comportaria uma simulaÃÃo de fusÃo entre os dois maiores bancos pÃblicos brasileiros? Esse trabalho se divide em 03 (trÃs) artigos. No artigo n 1, verificamos se houve mudanÃa na competitividade em bancos pÃblicos e privados para a dÃcada de 2010. Constatamos mudanÃas significativas, com alteraÃÃo da qualificaÃÃo do custo e do processo de estruturaÃÃo da margem preÃo-custo que nos faz inferir numa mudanÃa na composiÃÃo e de estratÃgias dos bancos pÃblicos e privados em uma nova visÃo competitiva do setor. Os bancos pÃblicos nÃo afetam o comportamento dos bancos privados em mercados locais, mas a exigÃncia de tamanho de mercado para a inserÃÃo de um novo concorrente foi reduzida pela alteraÃÃo da estrutura dos custos e influÃncias de efeitos regionais. E se considerÃssemos o mercado com apenas um banco pÃblico? No artigo n 2, refizemos a anÃlise, considerando a CAIXA como o Ãnico banco pÃblico, e encontramos resultados semelhantes a nossa anÃlise revisional de 2010, a notar mais Ãnfase nos efeitos regionais, tanto na reduÃÃo dos custos pra a regiÃo Norte como na alteraÃÃo negativa nos deslocadores de demanda para as regiÃes Sudeste, Sul e Centro-Oeste, bem como influÃncia praticamente nula do Ãnico banco pÃblico â CAIXA na reduÃÃo dos lucros dos bancos privados. No artigo n 3, apresentamos uma anÃlise de simulaÃÃo de fusÃo no setor bancÃrio brasileiro. O objetivo central foi capturar os efeitos da fusÃo entre o Banco do Brasil e a CAIXA em 12 (doze) segmentos/portifÃlios mais significativos do mercado. Os resultados do equilÃbrio pÃs-fusÃo foram obtidos pelo modelo PCAIDS (Proportionality-Calibrated Almost Ideal Demand System), proposto por Epstein e Rubinfeld (2002), que simula a fusÃo de 02 (duas) empresas em um mercado oligopolizado. Os Resultados do exercÃcio de simulaÃÃo confirmaram os aumentos esperados nos âpreÃosâ dos segmentos. Este resultado à condizente com a expectativa de que as fusÃes implicam em aumentos de preÃos de mercado e, sem ganhos de eficiÃncia econÃmica, podem impor perdas para os consumidores.
In 2008, the world faced an economic crisis that shook the pillars and reliability in the global banking sector. Banks are structured in a defensive process of its asset protection. In Brazil, the federal government encouraged public banks to provide credit in the market, sought to soften the investment leakage effects and cash repatriation in the restructuring of assets. The key question that is: was no change in Competitiveness Public and Private Banks in Local Brazilian markets after 2000? More than a decade has passed and redid this check to 2010 data, following Bresnahan and Reiss (1991a), and compared with Coelho's work, Pinho and Rezende (2011). Given the high concentration in the banking sector, would behave as a simulation of a merger between the two largest Brazilian public banks? This work is divided into 03 (three) articles. In Article 1, we check to see if there was a change in competitiveness in public and private banks for the decade to 2010. We found significant changes, by changing the qualification of the cost and price-cost margin of the structuring process that makes us infer a change in the composition and strategies of public and private banks in a new competitive view of the sector. Public banks will affect the behavior of private banks in local markets, but the market size requirement for the inclusion of a new competitor was reduced by changing the cost structure and influences of regional effects. And if we consider the market with only a public bank? In Article 2, redid the analysis, considering CAIXA as the only state-owned bank, and found similar results to our revisional analysis 2010, noted more emphasis on regional effects, both in reducing costs to the North as in the negative change in demand shifters for the Southeast, South and Midwest, and virtually no influence of the only public bank - CAIXA in reducing the profits of private banks. In Article 3, we present a fusion of simulation analysis in the Brazilian banking sector. The main objective was to capture the effects of the merger between Banco do Brazil and CAIXA in 12 (twelve) segments most significant portfolio in the market. The results of the post-merger balance were obtained by PCAIDS model (Proportionality-Calibrated Almost Ideal Demand System), proposed by Epstein and Rubinfeld (2002), which simulates the merger of 02 (two) companies in an oligopoly market. The results of the simulation exercise confirmed the expected increases in "price" of the segments. This result is consistent with the expectation that mergers entail market price increases and without economic efficiency gains, impose losses to consumers.
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Chan, Chi-ping Eliza. "Hong Kong competitiveness : human resources in financial industry /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1997. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B1883100X.
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Salé, Laurent. "Liquidity in the banking sector." Thesis, Paris 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA01E002/document.
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Comme un déterminant de la survie d'une banque durant la crise financière de 2007/2008, la liquidité dans le secteur bancaire a depuis récemment représenté un défi pour les communautés financières et universitaires. Les trois articles présentés dans cette thèse portent sur les deux principales facettes de la liquidité dans le secteur bancaire: la détention d'actifs liquides (à savoir, la trésorerie et les ressources assimilées) et le processus de création de la liquidité dans les banques utilisé pour financer des prêts. Comme on le verra dans les articles, ces deux aspects de la liquidité peuvent être considérés comme les deux faces d'une même pièce. Je reconnais que la liquidité dans le secteur bancaire est liée à la création monétaire; cependant, cette thèse se concentre sur les deux précités aspects de la liquidité. Tout d'abord, cette introduction présente comment le concept de la liquidité a évolué dans la pensée économique dominante. La seconde partie considère le renouveau de la détention de cash qui a été observée depuis la crise financière de 2007/2008 dans le secteur bancaire. La troisième section examine les propriétés de liquidité. La quatrième section explore ce que nous ne savons pas sur la liquidité. La cinquième section identifie et sélectionne trois problèmes fondamentaux relatifs à liquidité et qui sont analysés dans les trois articles présentés dans thèse. La sixième et dernière section présente la méthodologie utilisée dans les trois articles pour répondre à ces questions. Chapitre 1 : “Why do banks hold cash ?". La détention de cash et assimilé cash par les banques détiennent est devenue un enjeu majeur depuis la crise financière de 2008 qui a démontré que la trésorerie retenue est un déterminant majeur dans les chances de survie des banques. Cet article examine les déterminants de la détention de cash banque en utilisant des données internationales pour la période 1981-2014. Sur la base d'un grand échantillon, nous documentons une augmentation séculaire de la détention de cash par les banques pendant une période de 35 ans. Nous apportons la preuve que la nature optimale dynamique de la détention de cash est rejetée dans le secteur bancaire. Ces résultats contrastent avec le secteur non bancaire, où la nature optimale dynamique de trésorerie est observée. Chapitre 2: “Does an increase in capital negatively impact banking liquidity creation?”. A partir d'un ensemble de données composé d'un panel de 940 banques cotées des pays européens, américains et asiatiques, cet article documente l'évolution de la création de la liquidité bancaire au cours d'une période de 35 ans (1981-2014). La preuve empirique confirme que les niveaux de risque et de capital jouent un rôle significatif et négatif dans la création de liquidité par les banques. Dans l'ensemble, les effets négatifs de l’augmentation de capital sur la création de la liquidité bancaire sont plus importants que les effets positifs sur la gestion du risque correspondant, ce qui suggère que les exigences de fonds propres imposées pour soutenir la stabilité financière affectent négativement la création de liquidités. Ces résultats ont de larges implications pour les régulateurs bancaires. Chapitre 3: “Positive effects of Basel III on banking liquidity creation”. Ce document évalue l'effet du cadre réglementaire de Bâle III sur la création de liquidité bancaire. Les résultats sont basés sur un ensemble de données de panel de banques américaines qui représentent environ 60% des prêts et dépôts américains sur une période de 7 ans (2009-2015), en plus de différence dans la différence et les méthodes de survie standard. Tous les composants de Bâle III pris ensemble, il existe des preuves empiriques que Bâle III a un effet positif sur la création de liquidité bancaire sur le marché américain, en particulier pour les grandes banques. Ces résultats ont de larges implications pour les régulateurs bancairesAs one determinant of a bank’s survival during the financial crisis of 2007-2008, liquidity in the banking sector presents a challenge for the financial and academic communities and has recently become a central point of interest. The three articles presented in this thesis focus on the two main facets of liquidity in the banking sector: the holding of liquid assets (i.e., cash and assimilated resources) and the process of liquidity-creation in banks used to fund loans. As will be discussed in the articles, these two aspects of liquidity can be viewed as two sides of the same coin. I acknowledge that liquidity in banking is linked to the creation of money; however, this thesis focuses on the aforementioned two aspects of liquidity. First, this section presents how ideas about liquidity in the banking sector have evolved in mainstream economic thought. Second, it considers the revival of cash-holding that has been observed since the financial crisis of 2007-2008. Third, it discusses the properties of liquidity. Fourth, it explores what we do not know about liquidity. Fifth, it identifies the fundamental issues analyzed in the three articles. Finally, it presents the methodology used in the articles to address these issues. Chapter1: “Why do banks hold cash ?”. This paper investigates the determinants of bank cash holding by using international data for the period 1981-2014. The results do not seem to provide support for the substitutability hypothesis regarding the substitutive relation between cash and debt levels. Further, using the GMM-system estimation method, we find no support for the dynamic optimal cash model, suggesting that cash management in the banking sector is bounded by number of constraints that make it difficult for the agents to optimize their utility. Chapter 2: “Does an increase in capital negatively impact banking liquidity creation?”. From a dataset composed of a panel of 940 listed banks based in European, American and Asian countries, this paper documents the evolution of bank liquidity creation over a 35-year period (1981-2014). The empirical evidence confirms that risk and equity levels play a significant and negative role. Overall, the negative effects of equity increases on bank liquidity creation are more significant than corresponding positive effects on risk management, suggesting that capital requirements imposed to support financial stability negatively affect liquidity creation. These findings have broad implications for policymakers. Chapter 3: “Positive effects of Basel III on banking liquidity creation”. This paper estimates the effect of the Basel III regulatory framework on banking liquidity creation. The results are based on a panel data set of U.S. banks that represent approximately 60% of U.S. loans and deposits over a 7-year period (from 2009 to 2015) in addition to difference-in-difference and standard survival methods. All components of Basel III taken together, there is empirical evidence that Basel III has a positive effect on banking liquidity creation in the US market in particular for major banks. These findings have broad implications for policy makers
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Khachukaeva, Bella. "Innovations in the Banking sector." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-262187.
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The aim of this thesis is to propose improvements in the selected banking process. This thesis consists of a theoretical and a practical part. The theoretical part is devoted to the traditional and banking approaches to innovations. The definition of innovations, classification, sources, models of innovation process, barriers to innovations are defined in the theoretical part. The practical part is devoted to the analysis of the process and a proposal of the innovation model of the process.
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Ferraria, Ana Rita de Almeida Marques. "Banco BPI SA: banking sector." Master's thesis, NSBE - UNL, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/11703.
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Liu, Chenshuang, and Miao Yu. "Banking Sector Reform and Economic Growth : Case study of the South Korean banking sector reform." Thesis, Jönköping University, JIBS, Economics, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-1045.
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South Korea experienced a financial crisis in 1997 after more than 30 years of fast eco-nomic growth. During the crisis its gross domestic product (GDP) decreased sharply and many enterprises went bankrupt. The stated-owned banks in South Korea suffered huge losses and investors lost confidence in investing in the South Korean financial market. One result of the crisis reveals the weakness of the South Korean economy- government intervention in the banking sector.
This paper provides the reason for the financial crisis in 1997 in the introduction sec-tion. The following section is a theoretical framework, in which we have presented two macroeconomic models: the Solow model-growth accounting formula and the Ricardo-Viner model. With empirical findings, we show how the South Korean government re-sponded after the crisis with three approaches to banking reform. We include the two macroeconomic models in the analysis of how the three approaches affected the eco-nomic growth in South Korea during the reform process in the analysis section. Finally, we conclude that the South Korean banking sector reform has provided a success and briefly discuss how China should implement the South Korean useful experiences into its ongoing process of banking sector reform.
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Zhang, Tian Tian. "Competitiveness, efficiency and convergence in the ASEAN banking market." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2011. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/54465/.
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The regional coordination toward financial integration of the ASEAN economies started in the aftermath of the 1997 Asian crisis. Along with banking structural reforms in individual countries, several regional financial integration initiatives were launched to promote regional financial stability and economic growth. This thesis investigates the impact of national banking structural reforms and ASEAN regional financial integration on bank efficiency and performance. It examines the similarity and convergence properties of the banking systems across the major ASEAN economies from two aspects, namely bank efficiency and bank competitiveness. This thesis contains three empirical essays Chapter 3 examines the cost efficiencies of ASEAN banks by using Battese and Coelli (1995) Stochastic Frontier Approach (SFA). The cost efficiency scores are then used to test for efficiency convergence properties. The ASEAN banking markets have been found to be converging at the aggregate level, but lack convergence at the micro individual bank level. The importance of individual banks is further proved by a single country bank efficiency study on Indonesia in Chapter 4, using an alternative method known as non-parametric DEA with Simar and Wilson (2007) double bootstrap method. In Chapter 5, the banking market competitiveness is modelled by the new empirical industrial organization (NEIO) non-structural approach, Panzar-Roasse (PR) reduced-form revenue model. The degree of similarity in banking market competitiveness across major ASEAN countries is assessed by comparing the estimated //-statistics. The ASEAN banking markets have been found to differ a lot in terms of competitive structures and have experienced very different evolution processes of market structure with a weak convergence tendency. However, certain degree of contestability has been found by examining the relationship between market competitiveness and market concentration. The research of this thesis does not find strong evidence for improvement in bank performance and banking market convergence, although some positive aspects are discovered. The degree of banking market integration for ASEAN countries is still relatively low.
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Centerskog, Frida. "Implementing Principles for Responsible Banking in the Swedish banking sector." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-427012.
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Principles For Responsible Banking is an initiative launched by the United Nations Environment Programme Finance Initiative in 2019. The initiative has been signed by more than 185 banks around the world. The initiative was commenced to established a framework for the banking sector in order to align their sustainability efforts. The purpose of the research is to investigate whether the level of commitment of the major banks operating in Sweden to their sustainability work. Content analysis and semi-structured interviews were performed in order to research the sustainability efforts by the banking sector. The results suggests that the banks are working towards the sustainability goals mapped out by the United Nations and Agenda 2030 but also that the banks already have measures in place to drive their sustainability work forward. The banks can intensify their sustainability work by implementing stronger actions in order to reach greater results and accelerate their efforts.
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Hålander, Eva. "Competition in the Swedish Banking Sector." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Nationalekonomi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-18329.
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This thesis aims to evaluate the competitive situation in the Swedish banking sector. The banking sector in Sweden is characterized by its high degree of concentration, with four major banks controlling a large share of the market. Combined with high profits and high interest margins, this has raised concerns regarding the competitive pressures in the sector. Many existing theories in the literature try to evaluate competition based on market structure, however modern research concludes that high concentration does not necessarily imply less competition. By using a model that estimates the elasticity of factor input prices, the competitive behavior among the market players can be assessed and the results reveal a less competitive situation on the Swedish market compared to previous research within the field of banking competition.
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Winistörfer, Patrick. "Monetary policy and the banking sector /." Bern : Studienzentrum Gerzensee, 2007. http://www.gbv.de/dms/zbw/568291794.pdf.
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Pirozhkova, Ekaterina. "Uncertainty, banking sector and financial frictions." Thesis, Birkbeck (University of London), 2017. http://bbktheses.da.ulcc.ac.uk/267/.
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Uncertainty is an important determinant of economic developments at both micro and macroeconomic levels. The main objective of this thesis is to examine the effects of economic and model uncertainty, paying close attention to financial factors as a key mechanism that propagates and amplifies business cycle movements. The first part of the thesis studies the impact of uncertainty on bank assets portfolios allocation. In chapter 1 I do this empirically by estimating a set of vector autoregression models. I show that a positive shock to uncertainty leads to reallocation of portfolios by commercial banks: they reduce issuance of business loans, while increasing the stock of safe assets - cash and Treasury and agency securities. I also demonstrate that when risk, uncertainty and balance sheet factors are controlled for, business loans decrease after monetary tightening, what allows to resolve the puzzle raised by den Haan et al. (2007) that business loans increase following monetary contraction. In chapter 2 I examine the relationship between economic uncertainty and asset portfolio allocation of banks in a theoretical model. The model incorporates a portfolio-optimizing banking sector facing non-diversifiable credit risk, where banks’ attitude to risk and expected profitability help to explain the endogenous movements of the risk premium. The premium charged by risk-averse banks provides self-insurance from profitability reduction brought about by heightened uncertainty about entrepreneurial productivity. Financial accelerator mechanism amplifies the portfolio reallocation effect of uncertainty shock. In the second part of the thesis I study how financial frictions affect robustness of monetary policy rules in New Keynesian models in case of model uncertainty. I demonstrate that when there is uncertainty about what type of financial frictions is at work, a policymaker exposes economy to risks of significant welfare losses by using a reference model without frictions as an economy representation.
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Hulinsky, Nathan James. "Risk Balancing in the Banking Sector." Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2015. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/27863.
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Policies to help banks reduce risks could have a null effect or completely opposite effect because firms exhibit a preferred risk level. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of risk balancing in the banking sector of the Northern Great Plains region of the USA. A panel model will be used to evaluate the effects of both business risk and financial risk of over 870 banks in the region. The Global Financial Crisis and bank policies will be taken into account. The banks will be separated into three separate population sectors to analyze the effects of different sectors.
Results indicate that the risk balancing hypothesis holds true in the banking sector. This is important to both bank managers and policy makers in efficient policy design. Policies to help reduce risk could have the unintended effect when policy makers fail to account for risk balancing hypothesis.
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Lopatkina, I. V., and V. G. Lopatkin. "Transformational processes in global banking sector." Thesis, Ukrainian Academy of Banking of the National Bank of Ukraine, 2012. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/63357.
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The last several years have been critical in the process of transformation of the financial markets around the globe. The recent crisis has shed the light onto the flaws of the financial systems exacerbated by government profligacy and fundamental changes in human/consumer psychology. In order to mitigate the consequences of the current crisis as well as prevent similar from happening in the future financial regulators have to undertake a large number of measures. This in turn brings up the question of financial system transformation and transformation in banking specifically.
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Xiu, Zhijun. "International competitiveness of China's banking industry : a multi-dimensional examination." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2015. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/international-competitiveness-of-chinas-banking-industry-a-multidimensional-examination(c7e70bad-7a5d-4f01-bdc0-8670afb05a9e).html.
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Accompanying the globalisation of the world economy and the internationalisation of Chinese CBs, the research in terms of the international competitiveness of the CBI and Chinese CBs has become urgent and significant. The motivations and targets of this research are to understand the status quo of international competitiveness of the CBI and Chinese CBs; to recognise the actual gap in the aspects of international competitiveness between Chinese CBs and the Western advanced CBs; to find out the issues and main causes that existed in and determined the international competitiveness of Chinese CBs; and to work out the approaches to solve the issues and boost the international competitiveness of the CBI and Chinese CBs. According to the analyses of the international background, domestic context and specific situation, and the review of previous relevant literatures in terms of the international competitiveness and international competitiveness of CB, the general framework of this research is based on the fundamental theory – New Institutional Economics (NIE), especially the Institutional Change Theory (ICT), and applied four key factors – Business Scale, Profitability, Asset Quality and Overseas Business Margin, as well as some necessary macro and micro -specific determinants, to multi-dimensionally examine and comprehensivelyevaluate the real level of international competitiveness of the CBI and some Chinese CBs during the last three decades, in particular during the last decade since 2003. This basic framework established the theoretical foundation for this research; it is the general framework that is jointly consisted of the constitution, determinants and evaluation sub-frameworks of international competitiveness of CB. In this research, the international competitiveness of CB mainly includes: Business Scale International Competitiveness, Profitability International Competitiveness, Soundness International Competitiveness and Overseas Business International Competitiveness. These four aspects of international competitiveness of CB can be all measured by relative indicators that can be calculated through relative financial data; thus, the international competitiveness of CB could be then synthetically, directly andexternally evaluated and reflected. Basically, the determined framework of international competitiveness of CB is referred to reveal how the international competiveness of CB is determined. According to the value theory of dialectical-materialism, object development is decided by its internal and external causes; therefore, in this research, the scale, management, technology and international administration are considered as the major internal factors to determine the international competitiveness of CB, while the governmental functions, horizontal industrial competition, market supply and demands, and industrial trend at home and abroad are suggested as themajor external factors to reflect the international competitiveness of CB. Based on the determined framework and the internal-external cause theory, as well as considering the cross-border competition as the mainstream of the international competition for CBs, it can be seen that the deciding model and evaluation model are combined together to set up the overall models for evaluating and reflecting the international competitiveness of China’s CBs. According to the results calculated by the models, the separate and joint evaluations are made to jointly estimate the real level of international competitiveness of Chinese CBs; then the internal and external critical analyses are taken into consideration to reveal how the internal and external major factors reflect and influence the international competitiveness of CBI. Finally, a set of approaches in terms of how to further improve and boost the internationalcompetitiveness of the CBI and Chinese CBs are accordingly suggested. The findings of this research present that the historical evolution of China’s banking is fundamentally driven by the institutional changes and the shifts of administrative ideologies of the CCP; and intrinsically influenced by the dominant culture of Confucianism in China. The international competitiveness of the CBI has been increasingly improving, in particular since 2003; the development of the CBI has been actually always adhering to the reform and opening-up guideline in terms of “Crossing the River by Touching the Stones”, and the internationalisation of the CBI has been mostly suggested to insist on a strategy of “Incremental Approach”, which also represents the Way of the Golden Mean (Zhong Yong Zhi Dao) of Confucian ideology and acting philosophy. According to the evaluation results, Chinese CBs hold a very strong IC on the Business Scale and Home-base Profitability; their Soundness IC has bee also hugely improved; however, if comparing with their foreign advanced peers, such like HSBC and JP Morgan etc., their overseas business IC has been relatively much weaker; this means that the internationalisation of CBI and Chinese CB still has a long way to go to strategically catch up and explore. Additionally, other sense of the banking industry is also highly recognised. The real essence of China’s banking reform has been eventually designed by the elites and ultimately influenced by the special interest groups. The fundamental issues of the banking sector have been not completely handled; the financial ecology of the banking business has been one of the greatest factors for the banking performance; the international competitiveness of Chinese CBs has been mostly country-specific and home-based; and the whole banking system has been seemingly-seriously captured by the housing market and the municipal platform debts; hence, these huge potential operating risks have been seriously concerned. Conclusively, the international competitiveness of Chinese CBs would have been significantly damaged if the banking industry could not be further improve the regulatory regime, optimise the business environment, reform the corporate governance structure, consummate the operational system; and work out the deep and ingenerate issues such as lending mechanism, profitability model, risk management, technological innovation, political intervention, internationalising strategy, etc. Even though this researcher has taken great efforts to make his own contributions in this project, the findings and conclusions are still thought to be not sophisticate and significant enough; hence, further research of this specific theme will be more deepening and focusing, in particular on the improvement of the research methodology, the data collection and the financial ecology of the CBI.
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Jeong, Woocheon. "Three essays on the relationship between the banking sector, the real sector, and the political environment." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 1999. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=416.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 1999.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains x, 91 p. : ill. Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references.
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Yang, Andy. "Credit risk measurement in China's banking sector." Thesis, University of Macau, 2007. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b1950319.
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Gelaschwili, Simon, and Andreas Nastansky. "Development of the banking sector in Georgia." Universität Potsdam, 2009. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2009/4021/.
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The authors’ outline of the evolution of the banking sector development assesses governmental approaches to bank regulation and supervision and is a basic regulatory frame-work, needed to reduce bank failures; it characterises steps of the evolution of the banking sector and trends of its development.
The discussion focuses on: 1. Initial forming and restructuring of the banks, changes in the commercial banking sector and the reorganising of the banking systems; 2. Change of the role of the national bank and the mode of its intervention; 3. Dynamics of the banking system development in Georgia and the risks of banking activities.
The main findings suggest that 1. The Georgian banks overcame the crisis of the 90’s because of having portfolios of assets in foreign currencies and performing of the national banks function in the “lender of last resort”; 2. Regulatory and supervisory practices in Georgia develop from strict regulations to a deregulation that is most effective in promoting good performance and stability in the banking sector; 3. Alongside with the increase of banking concentration and openness the banking competition and financial risks boost too; that could be managed by further development of institutional reforms in the banking sector. There is an assess of the development and weakness of the banking sector.Entwicklung des Bankensektors in Georgien
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Tchape, Tchapi Pierre Douglas, and Elina Rosenfeld. "Environmental Concerns and Banking Sector in Sweden." Thesis, University of Skövde, School of Technology and Society, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-1061.
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This study concentrates on two questions – “Should banks take environmental concerns?”and “What is the attitude of Swedish banks towards sustainability?” The theory related to environmental concerns in the financial sector is presented and further on the empirical data
describing the situation within the Swedish banking sector is discussed. The empirical data was collected with the aid of a semi-structured interview and offers a real-life example of actions and attitudes of two case banks in Sweden – SEB and Handelsbanken. The aim of this paper is not restricted to presenting and discussing the collected theoretical and empirical data but also to involve the reader in the environmental way of thinking. This text is based on
the idea that banks are liable for the indirect impact on the environment and need to acknowledge that some borrowers involve in environmentally harmful businesses. The research method used for this study is of a qualitative nature, more precisely it is an exploratory research which aims to explain. The semi-structured interview used to study the attitudes of the chosen Swedish case banks, was composed of two types of questions – closed- and open-ended. Special characteristics of a semi-structured interview are the prompts and probes in its structure. These are the approaches to guide the respondent to reach broader coverage and greater depth in his/her answers.
Through the interview results, it became evident that the environmental issues have gained certain visibility within the Swedish banking sector. The given answers pointed towards the impression that maintaining a sound corporate image is the prior concern of a bank and
indicated that banking sector in Sweden undergoes external pressure to pursue environmentally friendly activities. It is clear that banks play a major role by financing the continuous damage to our planet, and it is comforting to know the banking sector is undergoing the pressure of becoming more involved in sustainable development. The
conclusions and the empirical evidence presented in this study are hoped to give a simplified view on environmental concerns within banking sector.
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Fu, Xiaoqing. "Efficiency and competition in China's banking sector." Thesis, City University London, 2004. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/8428/.
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China's banking sector has undergone remarkable changes during the last two decades, and banks in China today face more competitive pressure than ever before. The objective of this thesis is to investigate the efficiency and competition of the major Chinese banks over the period 1985-2002. After reviewing the evolution of the banking sector over the past half-century, the thesis addresses an important aspect of competition: X-efficiency and its potential correlates. X-efficiency is found to be as low as 40%-50% on average, suggesting that it is an important issue which should receive more attention from researchers, bank regulators and managers. State-owned banks are found to be less X-efficient than joint-stock banks, confirming the need for a shift in favour of shareholder owned banks. X-efficiency is also found to be more pronounced in the first stage of banking reform, implying that further interest rate liberalisation is necessary to help bank managers to be better able to control their costs. Tests for the presence of economies of scale and scope follow. The evidence is mixed but suggests that banks' cost structures may improve if the law prohibiting universal banking is relaxed. Finally, both the market-power and efficient-structure hypotheses are examined using a random effects panel data model. Some evidence is found to support the relevant market-power hypothesis and the X-efficiency version of the efficient-structure hypothesis for banks in the first and second reform stages, respectively, suggesting that the government's gradual approach to reform has improved the competitive structure of the banking sector. However, policy should be directed at enabling the more efficient banks to gain larger market shares. For example, the expansion of the joint-stock banks should be encouraged. There is little evidence of a 'quiet life' for the big four (state-owned) banks. However, while interest rate liberalisation should improve bank efficiency, policy makers must be aware of possible negative effects such as excessive market power, 'quiet life' effects, and other anti-competitive behaviour.
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Reuse, Svend. "Corporate evaluation in the German banking sector." Wiesbaden Dt. Univ.-Verl, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-8350-9533-5.
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Madani-Beyhurst, Shirin. "Essays on the banking sector of Luxembourg." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017STRAB003.
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Cette thèse étudie le secteur bancaire du Luxembourg sous trois angles différents. Elle apporte de nouveaux éléments de débat sur un secteur bancaire souvent commenté mais rarement étudié. En outre, dans chacun des trois chapitres, les impacts de la crise financière sont étudiés. Chapitre 1: Création de liquidité par les banques du Luxembourg. Ce chapitre évalue la quantité liquidité créée par les banques. Nous constatons que cette création a plus que doublé entre 1999 et 2011. Cependant, la liquidité créée a commencé à diminuer en 2009 et en 2011, elle n’était toujours pas revenu au niveau d'avant la crise. Chapitre 2: Le canal du crédit bancaire au Luxembourg. Nous trouvons un canal du crédit opérationnel qui fonctionne essentiellement via la capitalisation des banques sur base agrégée. Nous démontrons également que les banques ont préservé la disponibilité du crédit lors de la crise financière. Chapitre 3: Rentabilité bancaire au Luxembourg dans un environnement de taux bas. Nous constatons qu’à long terme, le niveau et la pente de la courbe des taux contribuent positivement à la rentabilité bancaire, par conséquent, que les taux d'intérêt actuellement bas ont un effet négatif sur la profitabilité des banquesThis dissertation studies the banking sector of Luxembourg under three different angles. It therefore contributes to provide new evidence on an often commented but rarely investigated banking industry. Furthermore, in each of the three chapters, the impacts of the financial crisis are studied. Chapter 1: Bank liquidity creation in Luxembourg. This chapter assesses how much liquidity banks in Luxembourg have created. We find that liquidity creation has more than doubled between 1999 and 2011. However, the level of liquidity created started to decrease in 2009 and in 2011, was still not back to pre-crisis level. Chapter 2: The bank lending channel in Luxembourg. We find an operative bank lending channel in Luxembourg, which works through capitalization on an aggregated basis. Regarding the financial crisis, we underlined that banks preserved the availability of credit.Chapter 3: Bank profitability in Luxembourg in a low interest rate environment. We find that, in the long-run, the level and the slope of the yield curve contribute positively to bank profitability and hence that the current low interest rates have a negative effect on banks’ profits
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Häggqvist, Jacob. "Digital Transformation in the Swedish Banking Sector." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-264176.
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The face of banking has changed dramatically over the last few decades, and in no area does this statement hold more true than in the domain of digitalization. One term that has been relentlessly repeated when discussing the past, present and future of this development is ”Digital Transformation”. Digital Transformation can be tersely defined to mean change driven by digital technologies, with the potential to increase efficiency in existing processes, as well as to allow for new and novel technology-driven problem solutions and business models. Despite the fact that Swedish major banks have come a long way in their digital transformation efforts, there is a lot of evidence that points towards this process not proceeding fast enough. This study is an effort to get a general overview of the main barriers and mechanisms that are causing this development to proceed at a slower rate than might otherwise be desired, and to investigate how actors within the Swedish banking sector are seeking to overcome said barriers. This is done primarily through the interviewing of key personnel within major Swedish universal banks. The majority of the interviews are conducted with employees from a single major Swedish universal bank, taking the form of a case study, while a smaller number of interviews are conducted with individuals associated with other banks, in an effort to provide increased generalizability. The results of the study show that barriers standing in the way of continued digital transformation in the Swedish banking sector can generally be categorized into one of the following categories: Legacy Infrastructure, Organizational Structure, Organizational Culture, Incentive Structure, Resource Insufficiency, Regulation, and Failure in Management. The solutions and models discussed to address these issues included API First approaches, change driven through Cross-Functional Teams, and Collaborative Strategy Formulation.Hur bankverksamhet bedrivs har förändrats dramatiskt över de senaste årtiondena, och i inget område är detta lika tydligt som när det kommer till digitalisering. Ett begrepp som ständigt upprepas när man beskriver den forna, nutida och framtida utvecklingen av den här typen är ”Digital Transformation”. Digital Transformation kan kortfattat summeras till att betyda förändring driven av digital teknologi, med potential att öka effektiviteten i befintliga processer, samt möjliggöra för nya problemlösningar och affärsmodeller. Trots det faktum att de svenska storbankerna har kommit en lång väg i sina digitala transformationsinitiativ, så finns det mycket som tyder på att denna process ändå inte går tillräckligt snabbt frammåt. Den här studien är ett försök att få en generell överblick på de primära barriärerna och mekanismerna som orsakar att denna utveckling går långsammare än önskat, samt att undersöka hur aktörer inom den svenska banksektorn har för avsikt att bemöta dessa problem. Detta görs huvudsakligen genom intervjuer med nyckelpersonal inom de svenska storbankerna. Majoriteten av de intervjuade kommer från en enda bank, där en form av casestudie utförs, medan ett mindre antal intervjuer genomförs med individer tillhörande andra banker, i en ansats att ge ökad generaliserbarhet. Resultatet av studien visar att barriärer som står i vägen för fortsatt digital transformation i den svenska banksektorn kan generellt kategoriseras in i följande kategorier: Föråldrad Infrastruktur, Organisationsstruktur, Organisationskultur, Incitamentstruktur, Resursbrist, Regulation, och Misslyckanden i Styrning. De lösningar och modeller som diskuterats for att adressera dessa problem inkluderade API First-baserade tillvägagångssätt, förändring driven av tvärfunktionella arbetslag, samt kollaborativ strategiformulering.
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Bennasr, Nabil. "Islamic banks facing the conventional banking sector." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AZUR0004.
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Cette thèse analyse les conséquences de l’intégration d’un milieu bancaire conventionnel pour une banque islamique. Elle est composée de trois chapitres. Un premier traité de la conformité Sharia des banques islamiques. Cette conformité est assurée par un comité de supervision éthique. Nous détaillons le rôle et les tâches de ce comité de supervision éthique et montrons comment les contraintes réglementaires internationales ainsi que la pénurie éventuelle de personnels compétents pour alimenter ces sharia boards incitent la banque islamique à externaliser ce contrôle de conformité Sharia. En se proposant sur modèle théorique inspiré de Kornai, Maskin and Roland (2003), ce premier chapitre examine ainsi l'impact de l'externalisation de ce comité sur le business model de la banque islamique. Le deuxième chapitre est essentiellement empirique : nous comparons l'efficacité des deux modèles de banque, l’un internalisant (l’autre externalisant) le processus d’examen/ validation de la conformité Sharia. Pour procéder à cette étude empirique, nous examinons un échantillon d'une centaine de banques qui se divise en deux groupes de banques un premier qui externalise le contrôle de conformité Sharia et le deuxième l'internalise. Nous montrons que les banques sont plus efficaces lorsqu'elles externalisent ce processus de conformité. Finalement, un troisième chapitre traite la question de la création de liquidité au sein des deux banques, conventionnelle et islamique. Dans ce chapitre nous développons un modèle théorique inspiré de Diamond (2007) et nous comparons la création de liquidité de ces deux banques. Nous mettons en évidences les contraintes qui pèsent sur la banque islamique, elles se manifestent dans la structure du bilan des banques islamiques, un bilan qui présente un volume important d'actifs tangibles. On montre que la structure de ce bilan limite la possibilité pour les banques islamiques de concurrencer les banques conventionnelles et ainsi remet en cause leur capacité à intégrer un milieu bancaire conventionnelThis dissertation analyses the consequences of the integration of an Islamic bank into a conventional banking environment. The dissertation is composed of three chapters. The first examines the Islamic banks' compliance, which is ensured by a supervisory ethical committee. We examine the role and the tasks of this committee in detail, showing how international regulatory constraints, as well as a general lack of individuals with the required skills to sit on the Sharia boards, provide incentives for the Islamic bank to outsource the monitoring of Sharia compliance. Basing our study on a theoretical model, inspired by Kornai, Maskin and Roland (2003), this first chapter analyses how the outsourcing of this committee has an impact on the business model of the Islamic bank. The second chapter is largely empirical; we compare the effectiveness of two bank models, one in which the Sharia compliance validation process is internal, and one in which it is external. To test this empirical study, we analyze a sample of around 100 banks which are divided into two groups, one which outsources the Sharia compliance and monitoring and one which internalizes this process. We show that banks are more effective when they outsource the compliance monitoring process. Finally, the third chapter approaches the question of liquidity creation within two types of bank: Islamic and conventional. In this chapter, we develop a theoretical model inspired by Diamond (2007) and we compare the liquidity creation process in these two banks. We demonstrate the constraints that burden the Islamic bank, shown by the high volume of tangible assets in their balance sheets. We demonstrate that the structure of this balance sheet limits the possibilities for Islamic banks to compete with conventional banks, and thus brings into question their capacity to integrate a conventional banking environment
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Delmenico, Giorgio Dario. "Disinvestments predictive model in the banking sector." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/23401.
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Mestrado Bolonha em Mathematical FinanceThe churn rate, also known as the rate of attrition or customer churn, is the rate at which customers stop doing business with an entity. It is most commonly expressed as the percentage of service subscribers who discontinue their subscriptions within a given time period. It is also the rate at which employees leave their jobs within a certain period. For a company to expand its clientele, its growth rate (measured by the number of new customers) must exceed its churn rate. This phenomenon applies in the bank industry in two different ways: - Of course, we have clients churn, well described before, it’s simply the process that sees the departure of client who closes every link with the previous bank to open a new bank account and any other product with a new institute - We experience also what is called the Money-Churn, phenomenon of disinvestments from investing funds for any reason. More than ever this last process has been controlled and analyzed due to the medical and economic situation that we are experiencing since March 2020. Covid19 has changed the customers relationships with their own bank, long quarantine periods have increased the need for liquidity and the fear for the performance of financial markets. Many banks have seen large amounts of capital come out of their pockets for these reasons without being prepared to respond effectively. Obviously, no one was equipped for the scenario that suddenly emerged but once again: 'Life is 10% what happens to me and 90% how I react to it'. I am proud to say that I am part of a banking group that from the very beginning has been at the service of its customers, creating opportunities and immediate help for those most affected by the consequences of this pandemic. What we are describing in this report is a process of building a system to flag up those clients most at risk of disinvestment and this is just a small part of a much larger project that will be called Close to the Client in which other teams such as product development, commercial marketing and management control will be involved.
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
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Гуменна, Юлiя Григорiвна, Юлия Григорьевна Гуменная, Yuliia Hryhorivna Humenna, and A. Eremenko. "Relationship between digital technologies and banking sector." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2019. https://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/77713.
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Nowadays, digital technologies are fully penetrating and being implemented in
the financial services industry by offering products and services to consumers and
businesses through financial institutions. The rapid development of information and
communication technologies has enabled lending institutions to improve their
operations and develop remote banking services over the Internet.
Internet banking was introduced in the early 1990s. It has since grown rapidly
with the spread of the Internet. Digital banking, in the first place, includes the concept
of non-cash. Historically, this method of calculations arose at the end of the
seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries.
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Chan, Chi-ping Eliza, and 陳志萍. "Hong Kong competitiveness: human resources infinancial industry." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1997. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31267841.
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Motelle, Sephooko Ignatius. "Competitiveness of the banking industry in the Southern African development community." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/12834.
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Includes bibliographical references.The literature is replete with the determinants of economic growth and identifies financial development as one of the important drivers of growth. Financial development is viewed as a process through which financial intermediaries such as banks lubricate the economy by creating a conduit for resources to flow from surplus sectors to deficit sectors. Effective financial development depends on many factors such as financial integration which facilitates international trade and free mobility of capital. However, in order for the positive impact of financial integration to be fully felt on financial development, it must stimulate competition in the domestic banking market without eroding financial stability. Therefore, the central hypothesis of this study is that financial integration can enhance financial development if such integration makes the local banking industry more competitive without increasing its vulnerability to financial instability. The study employs various panel data techniques to test this hypothesis using the Southern African Development Community (SADC) as a case study. The findings reveal that the banking industry in SADC is characterised by monopolistic competition. In addition, financial integration enhances banking competitiveness in the region through removal of barriers to free flow of capital between countries. Furthermore, higher competition is found to be good for financial development as it reduces the magnitude of the financial intermediation spread. Moreover, the study finds that the flipside of financial integration lies in its potential to cause financial instability in the region with negative repercussions for financial intermediation. The findings imply that, even though financial integration is good for financial development through its ability to increase the degree of competition in the banking industry and reduce the spread between lending and deposit rates, member states must put policies in place to effectively prevent the likely erosion of financial stability. No single policy is sufficient on its own to achieve this. Therefore, this study recommends that as members of SADC move towards deeper financial integration, they must ensure that they formulate and implement sound and appropriate common policies in order to ensure that financial stability is not compromised as restrictions to capital-flows are abolished or reduced. Such a policy-mix requires four ingredients, namely; sound financial liberalisation policies, competition policies, macroeconomic policies and regulatory and supervisory policies.
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Dadzie, John Kwame. "The impact of banking reforms on competition and efficiency of Ghana's banking sector." Thesis, University of Reading, 2017. http://centaur.reading.ac.uk/73337/.
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African countries are pursuing financial reforms to address inhibitions to competition and efficiency of their banking sectors. This thesis focuses on Ghana which recently implemented deregulation reforms including the introduction of universal banking, the adoption of an open licensing policy to enhance contestability and competition, and the abolition of secondary reserves; and examines the impact of these reforms on banking competition and efficiency. The study uses a comprehensive and unique panel dataset of 25 banks for the period 2000-2014 which captures the pre- and post-reform periods. The study employs the persistence of profit and Boone indicator models of competition to analyse competitive conditions in the loans market. The empirical results suggest that competition initially increased following the reforms but subsequently declined as a result of macroeconomic weaknesses, in particular high interest rates, which was partly impacted by the indirect effects of the global financial crisis. The study also uses stochastic frontier analysis to examine the efficiency impacts of the reforms, as well as the role of bank ownership and size in influencing efficiency levels. Different deregulation reform indices are constructed using survey data and coding rules from two international databases on banking regulations and reforms, and captured as inefficiency covariates together with ownership and bank size in the one-step Battese-Coelli (1995) model. The findings point to an overall increase in cost efficiency following the reforms although there is non-uniformity in efficiency-impacts from the different policies. Foreign and regional banks are found to be marginally more efficient than private domestic and state-owned banks. Bank size was found to positively impact cost efficiency while the global financial crisis had an adverse impact on efficiency. The policy implications are that for African countries to benefit from financial deregulation reforms, there is the need for the reforms to be anchored on strong macroeconomic fundamentals, institutional initiatives which support these reforms, strong credit environments and appropriate sequencing of reforms.
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Castillo, Carrillo Leyla. "Distance to the port and competitiveness in Colombian manufacturing sector." CONNECT TO ELECTRONIC THESIS, 2006. http://dspace.wrlc.org/1961/3744.
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Jia, Mo (Maggie). "Housing market, banking sector and macroeconomy in China." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2018. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/279056.
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This thesis contains three main parts. In the first part, we adapt a model developed for the US economy to the unique Chinese economic and institutional context. The uniqueness is mainly from two perspectives: the dual-channel housing financing system in China and the existence of the shadow banking sector (which differs from the shadow banking in developed economies) in China’s housing market. It would be difficult to obtain a clear picture of the Chinese housing market and macroeconomy without a thorough understanding of these two characteristics. This is due to the crucial role played by shadow banking and other informal finance institutions within the context of China in both the development and purchase of housing, in supporting productive economic activities in general, and that the housing market is in turn intricately connected to the health of the Chinese economy, being a key ‘barometer’. The second part of the research is the quantification of the determinants of the scale of shadow banking in China. The quantification is crucial since policy makers need to be aware of how sensitive shadow banking is to various factors. We develop a theoretical framework to explain the evolution of the scale of shadow banking in China. As part of this research, we investigate whether the real interest rate of household saving deposits, the required reserve ratio and bank loans to business and household are the main factors in explaining the evolution of China’s shadow banking. In the third part of research, we employ a credit risk and macroeconomic stress test to investigate the vulnerability of the commercial banks in China. Our originality here is the integration of both the role of shadow banking and housing market related loans in the commercial banks’ stress test scenarios at the macro level. Since a systematic analysis regarding the effect of changes in the macroeconomy and housing market on the credit risk of commercial banks in China is scarce, we use bank stress tests to analyse the credit risk in terms of the non-performing loans ratio of commercial banks in China; this is in response to changes in the macroeconomic factors and housing market. We address the role of the variation of the scale of shadow banking in China in terms of its contribution to the credit risk because of its uncertainty and close link with the commercial banks. Stress tests often focus on a single bank or financial institution yet we apply the same principles to examine the financial system as a whole in China, which would allow us to quantify the systemic risk in the entire Chinese financial system; and which variables, especially shadow banking contribute to the risks and by how much. This thesis contributes to the understanding of how China’s dual-channel housing finance system and shadow banking affect the evolution of house prices; and also, the main driving factors of the scale of China’s shadow banking and whether the housing market related loans and shadow banking pose risks to commercial banks. Possible research questions raised by the main findings of this thesis will enrich the debate on China’s housing market, shadow banking and regular banks, especially at a time when China is reforming its economic structure.
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Gunsel, Nil. "Banking sector distress in the North Cyprus economy." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/31117.
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The purpose of this thesis is to empirically investigate the micro and the macro determinants of bank fragility in the North Cyprus economy over the period 1984-2002 using a multivariate logit model and logistic survival analysis. The empirical methodology employed in this analysis allows for the distinction between the determinants of the likelihood of bank failure and the survival time. Firstly, the model links the probability and the timing of banking problems to a set of bank-specific factors, then following the identification of bank-specific variables, the approach proceeds by combining these banklevel factors with the macro-environment that may have exacerbated the internal troubles of the financial institutions. The macro factors considered in the analysis are macroeconomic characteristics, financial and structural weaknesses, external shocks and potential contagion effect from Turkey.;The empirical findings suggest that capital inadequacy, low asset quality, low profitability, low liquidity, small asset size, a fall in the real GDP growth, high inflation, rising real interest rates, high credit expansion to public and private sector, a sharp increase in the real exchange rates, adverse trade shocks and high budget deficit, the ratio of M2 to foreign exchange reserves, implicit/explicit deposit insurance, financial liberalization, weak regulation and supervision and external shocks and exchange rate pressure on Turkish Lira played an important role in the escalation of the 2000-2002 banking distress in North Cyprus. Moreover, an empirical examination of the results for survival analysis reveals that low leverage, low liquidity and high credit that extended to the private sector are the main determinants of the time to banks failure in North Cyprus.;Keywords: North Cyprus economy, banking sector, bank fragility, logit, survival.
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Chung, Chun Pong Thomas. "Corporate governance in the banking and finance sector." Thesis, University of Wolverhampton, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2436/621335.
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The focus of this thesis is an examination of certain weaknesses in the corporate governance at UK and US banks which constituted an underlying cause of the crisis. It considers the regulatory responses to these identified weaknesses and assesses to what extent these have led to improvements in corporate governance at banks. This research is based on an examination of all the failures at UK and US banks during and after the crisis, and of its related responses. In addition to UK and US responses, several solutions to the weaknesses identified at UK and US banks are addressed through EU legislation. The conclusions are that board effectiveness was low due to a lack of knowledge and of challenging of senior management; there was a culture placing growth and profit over risk management; and remuneration was structured leading to unacceptable risk taking resulting in scandals. It is concluded that the mechanisms to limit the impact of a failure of a bank on its stakeholders were inadequate. A case study of the financial crisis in US during the 1990s is undertaken to consider whether the US regulatory response offers lessons to UK regulators and legislators. The finding is that analysis of regulation and corporate governance at banks is problematic. There were similarities between the two financial crises, the organisation and culture of the UK and US banks is so different that different regulatory responses follow.
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Sharipova, Alma. "Essays on banking sector performance in the CISs." Thesis, Middlesex University, 2016. http://eprints.mdx.ac.uk/18835/.
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This thesis consists of essays on the financial performance of the Commonwealth of Independent States’ (CIS) banking systems. Chapter 2 presents a historical overview of the financial sectors development in transition countries and the CISs in particular. It shed light on key issues of the massive changes in the financial systems of the former soviet bloc countries and their influence on the countries’ banking system landscape nowadays. This chapter aims to contribute to the better understanding of the transition processes from momobank system to two-tier banking system in the CIS countries by providing theoretical background and empirical evidence of transition processes. After more than 20 years of transition the financial systems in the CIS countries have features to different extents, which are the legacy of the former system of finance. Nevertheless, overall the banks in the CISs were transferred into commercial banks and adopted the concept of conventional banking though to different degrees across countries. One of the most important transformations in the CIS banking sectors is the ownership of banks, which were fully state-owned during the soviet times; and privatisation and liberalisation completely reshaped the ownership structure in the CISs. Moreover, the changes in regulation and supervision have critically transformed banks’ risk-taking behaviour, which is also one of the major concerns of our study. Chapter 3 examines bank performance in terms of technical efficiency with particular attention to the impact of bank ownership and risk-taking behaviour and addressing environmental effects on banks technical efficiency in the CISs. Our findings provide empirical evidence that ownership structure matters for the CIS banks efficiency. Using state-owned banks as a benchmark we found that while private banks are less technically efficient than state-owned banks in the CIS countries as well as banks with foreign majority ownership, the CIS-owned banks are more efficient than other banks in the region. Risks-taking behaviour has different impact on performance in the CIS countries. This research has found positive association between capital, credit and market risk and performance, while negative association between liquidity risks and bank performance in the CISs. Chapter 4 examines cost and profit efficiency incorporating important variables, which are considered critical for differences in efficiency, as in Chapter 3. We include ownership type, risk-taking behaviour and different environmental factors to estimate reliable cost and profit efficiency measures. Different concepts of efficiency introduced in this study extend our analysis of bank efficiency, and offer a comprehensive study of the CIS banks performance. We found that privately owned banks are less cost efficient than state-owned banks. Although foreign banks are more profitable than state-owned banks, they are as cost efficient as state-owned banks. The CIS-owned foreign banks are less cost efficient than other banks in the CIS countries. There are different impacts of risk-taking behaviour on bank cost and profit efficiency in the CIS countries. Banks with lower capital risk are more cost efficient. Higher credit risk taking is associated with lower profitability of banks. While banks with lower liquidity risk are more profit efficient, they are less cost efficient. Higher market risk is associated with less cost efficiency. Finally, there is a convergence in cost and profit efficiency scores of banks across the CIS countries indicating a process of re-integration among CIS financial systems. Chapter 5 explores the impact of competition on the stability of banks in the CIS countries. We found that competition is good for stability and verified the competition-stability nexus for the CIS countries. This study also concluded that the improvement of legal rights of borrowers and lenders and bank supervision in the CISs would contribute to banking system stability. Our concluding policy recommendation is that policymakers need to design regulations that would ensure stability and market discipline without impeding competition and efficiency of banks in the CISs.
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Adeleke, Cecily Joy. "Corporate Social Responsibility in the Nigerian Banking Sector." ScholarWorks, 2014. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/85.
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Corporate social responsibility is presently defined by the World Business Council of Sustainable Development as persistent commitment by businesses to behave ethically and contribute to economic development while also increasing the quality of life of employees, their families, and the community. Guided by Freeman's stakeholder theory, this study examined the relationship between corporate social responsibility and the Nigerian bankers' reported satisfaction with the Nigerian banking sector. Survey data were collected from a convenience sample of 99 Nigerian bankers, including branch managers, zonal managers, tellers, marketers, and investors. A single-stage sampling procedure was used to elicit their satisfaction with the Nigerian banking sector and their perceptions of corporate social responsibility. Corporate social responsibility was conceptualized as a composite variable, with dependent sub-variables of ethics, human rights, and employee rights. A Pearson's r correlation test indicated a significant relationship between corporate social responsibility and Nigerian banker satisfaction (p < .05). These findings suggest that a majority of Nigerian bankers are satisfied with the banking sector which they feel, overall, behaves in a socially responsible way, although they also noted concerns related to insider abuse and a lack of transparency among internal processes. Implications for positive social change include informing policy makers and regulatory agencies in Nigeria about changes to public policy and the regulatory banking environment about risks associated with insider abuse and other internal processes in the banking industry that may damage efforts to improve corporate social responsibility with the goal of enhancing economic development in Nigeria.
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Iren, Perihan. "Information Disclosure and Banking Sector Performance and Stability." Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1277996727.
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Burden, Kevin. "Zen and the art of banking : a critical review of the Chinese banking sector." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/2669.
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Thesis (MA (Political Science. International Studies))--University of Stellenbosch, 2006.This study examines, broadly put, why the banking sector in China has not performed as well as other sectors of the economy when compared to international competitors, given that the economy as a whole has been performing so exceptionally at the time of writing and has been for the past two decades. The investigation examines reforms over the past twenty-six years to provide background to the issue as well as taking a view on the Chinese accession to the World Trade Organisation in 2001, providing analysis as to the effects of this accession as well as viewing the undertakings China has made, in general and specific to the banking sector, in terms of World Trade Organisation membership. The methodology employed is descriptive and explanatory in nature and information is sourced from existing academic writing as well as from banking industry publications and research. The source of information for the study is mainly of a qualitative nature, including historical and historical comparative information. Furthermore, the research forms applied research in that it seeks to bring together previous basic and exploratory research in order to identify specific problems and present potential solutions. Findings in the research include the burdensome effects of state-owned enterprises on the banking sector’s largest constituents, problematic aspects of endemic non-performing loans and a culture of lapsing debt in China as well as problems regarding political interference in the banking sector by the state and local authorities. Further problems identified include reporting and supervisory concerns, taxation treatment problems and a lack of risk-based commercial lending criteria in big Chinese banks. Analysis is provided into the effect of current and past restrictions in the sector, the development and reform model China is using to globalise its banks and the 2005 investment surge into China’s bank. Recommendations are made regarding the foreign ownership of the Chinese banking sector, state recognition of bad-debts as state loans, debt-management through asset management companies and reform of the state-owned enterprises and the problems inherent to this initiative. Finally, recommendations as to the role of the regulator and the challenge of political will are highlighted.
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Al-Faidi, Al-Juhani Mohammed H. "Strategic Information Systems Planning (SISP) in the banking sector: An Investigation of Strategic Information Systems Planning (SISP) in the Saudi Banking Sector." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/17372.
Full textAbstract:
The improvement of SISP practices has rapidly become one of the most critical issues facing many organisations, including banks. Globally, the banking sectors, including the Saudi one, have developed and implemented many IS strategies. Several systems have been executed to support the countries’ economies which have benefited from the increased trading resulting from the greater flexibility in time and costs associated with banking transactions. To continue these achievements and to improve SISP processes, several factors require careful investigation based on their relationship to SISP success; which include SISP objectives, SISP internal factors, external consultant functions, SISP external factors, measurements of SISP success, key stakeholders’ roles, and triggers. Therefore this study investigates the impact of these factors on SISP success. Data were collected in three phases. Phase 1 was an initial study with one or two interviews with the IT directors of each bank in the Saudi banking sector comprising the central bank and 11 commercial banks. The outcomes informed the development of a survey that was used in Phase 2; to investigate a sample containing a central bank, a domestic commercial bank and a domestic-foreign commercial bank to determine their SISP processes. 157 completed questionnaires were returned from the bank executives, business and IT directors and consultants. In Phase 3, 57 interviews confirmed and explained the quantitative results from Phase 2. Therefore, an in-depth case study was made in the three banks during Phases 2 and 3. The research results support previous findings on the SISP’s seventeen objectives collected by several researchers across different industries and in various countries. Furthermore, the research condenses these seventeen objectives into five more practical and achievable objectives for the banking sector. These are: 1) planning and deployment of information systems; 2) leading organisation changes; 3) improving stakeholders’ involvement and communication; 4) achieving the strategic priorities; and 5) alignment of organisational policies and architecture for business and IS. In addition, the findings identify the factors according to their relationship with SISP success and therefore explore several elements with positive, negative or no impact on SISP success in the banking sector. The thesis presents conclusions and suggests areas for further research.
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Moonasar, Viresh. "Credit risk analysis using artificial intelligence : evidence from a leading South African banking institution." Thesis, University of South Africa, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/111.
Full textAbstract:
Credit risk analysis is an important topic in financial risk management. Financial
institutions (e.g. commercial banks) that grant consumers credit need reliable models
that can accurately detect and predict defaults. This research investigates the ability
of artificial neural networks as a decision support system that can automatically
detect and predict “bad” credit risks based on customers demographic, biographic
and behavioural characteristics. The study focuses specifically on the learning vector
quantization neural network algorithm.
This thesis contains a short overview of credit scoring models, an introduction to
artificial neural networks and their applications and presents the performance
evaluation results of a credit risk detection model based on learning vector
quantization networks.