Relevant bibliographies by topics / Complement clauses

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Complement clauses'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 25 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Complement clauses"

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Steel, Gillian, Miranda Rose, and Patricia Eadie. "The Production of Complement Clauses in Children With Language Impairment." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 59, no. 2 (2016): 330–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2015_jslhr-l-15-0001.

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Purpose The purpose of this research was to provide a comprehensive description of complement-clause production in children with language impairment. Complement clauses were examined with respect to types of complement structure produced, verb use, and both semantic and syntactic accuracy. Method A group of 17 children with language impairment (mean age = 6;10 [years; months]) was compared with a group of 17 younger children with typical language development (mean age = 4;6). Examples of both nonfinite complements with different subjects and sentential complements involving a range of complement-taking verbs were collected using specially designed elicitation tasks. Results The children with language impairment were able to construct both types of complement clauses, had access to a range of verbs that are utilized within these constructions, and had knowledge of the grammatical constraints imposed by these verbs. However, they were more restricted in their production of sentential complements and produced significantly fewer semantically accurate complements (both finite and nonfinite) than the children with typical language development. Conclusion Children with language impairment evidenced deviant rather than merely delayed development in the area of complement-clause production. Complex sentences such as complement clauses need to be targeted in language intervention programs.
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Cruz, Ronald Taveira da. "Small clauses como IPS." Cadernos de Estudos Lingüísticos 49, no. 1 (2011): 65–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.20396/cel.v49i1.8637247.

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This paper works with one central idea that Small Clauses (as put forward basically by Stowell 1981 and 1983 and Chomsky 1981 and 1986, our Hypothesis A) do not exist, if they are understood as Complement Small Clauses. Kreps (1994) argues that Small Clauses are IP complement clauses, containing a subject and a verb just like any other clause. The only difference would be that in some of these IP complements, if the verb is a copula, it may be deleted at PF. Hence, Small Clauses are formally identical to IP clauses, better, Small Clauses are themselves IPs, headed by an empty Io, the complement of which is a VP headed by non-overt copula. This paper also draws interesting consequences if we adopt this proposal by Kreps, our Hypothesis B.
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Knyazev, Mikhail Yu, and Valeria S. Zarembo. "Experimental study of the construction o tom, čto as a clausal complement of verbs and nouns in non-standard Russian." Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature 17, no. 4 (2020): 650–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu09.2020.410.

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The spread of the complementation construction o tom, čto in non-standard Russian in recent decades has been attested in previous work. It has been established that the construction has a wide distribution and can replace not only ordinary complement clauses introduced by the complementizer čto (so-called čto-clauses), cf. podtverždat’ o tom, čto + p ‘confirm that p’ instead of podtverždat’, čto + p, but also so-called to, čto-clauses (čto-clauses preceded by a demonstrative), including those embedded in prepositional phrases introduced by a preposi- tion other than o, cf. ostanovit’sja o tom, čto + p ‘settle on the fact that p’ instead of ostanovit’sja na tom, čto + p. The construction can also appear as a clausal complement of nouns, cf. podtverždenie o tom, čto + p ‘confirmation that p’ instead of podtverždenie togo, čto + p. The latter uses have been reported to lead to a milder violation, compared to the uses of the con- struction with verbs. The present study tested the latter hypothesis experimentally by using acceptability judgment data. The experiment tested the effect of the subcategorization of the matrix predicate (in standard Russian), i. e., whether it takes a direct object/čto-clause or a prepositional phrase (embedding a to, čto-clause). The findings suggest that there is a contrast in the status of clausal complements of verbs and nouns, specifically, that the latter are not genuine complements as has been earlier suggested in literature.
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Wahyu Nugraha, I Komang Sulatra, and Purwati. "SUBORDINATE CLAUSES IN ADULTERY NOVEL." SPHOTA: Jurnal Linguistik dan Sastra 12, no. 1 (2020): 6–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.36733/sphota.v12i1.681.

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A subordinate clause (dependent clause) is a clause that cannot stand alone as a complete sentence because it does not express a complete thought. It explains and gives more information to the main clause. There are three major types of subordinate clause such as: Complement Clause, Relative Clause, and Adverbial Clause (Miller, 2002:63). This research is a library research that aims to find out types and functions of subordinate clause found in Adultery. This research uses several theories from expert in other to analyze the problems in this study. The book written by Jim Miller (2002) entitled An Introduction to English Syntax and the book written by Bas Aarts (2001) entitled English Syntax and Argumentation, Second Edition are used. It is stated that there are three major types of subordinate clause that can be recognized as Complement clause, Relative clause, and Adverbial Clause. Then, the clause functions such as Clauses Functioning as Subject, Clause Functioning as Direct Object, Clauses Functioning as Adjunct and Clauses Functioning as Complements within Phrases. The result of this research shows that three major types of subordinate clause are found. Furthermore, the clause functions are also found as well, however only Clauses Functioning as Subject weren’t found in this research.
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Kawasha, Boniface. "The structure of complement clauses in Lunda." Studies in African Linguistics 35, no. 1 (2006): 2–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.32473/sal.v35i1.107310.

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This paper provides a functional and descriptive study of complement clauses in Lunda, a language spoken in Zambia. While the structure of infinitival complement clauses is analogous to that found in many languages, other types of complement clauses present unique morpho syntactic features. Some dependent constructions are introduced by complementizers which agree in person and number with the subject of the main clause. These complementizers derive from personal possessive pronouns rather than from the verb of saying, as is the case in some Bantu languages, and they have other functions besides introducing embedded clauses. Other clauses disallow complementizers and the verb shows no temporal reference, coding either the perfect or progressive aspect. The interpretation of time in such clauses is dependent on that of the main clause.
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De Cuba, Carlos. "Manner-of-speaking that-complements as close apposition structures." Proceedings of the Linguistic Society of America 3, no. 1 (2018): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3765/plsa.v3i1.4320.

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An elusive property of that-clauses following manner-of-speaking verbs is that they do not behave like that-clauses following other non-factive verbs when it comes to the availability of wh-extraction, main clause phenomena and complementizer drop. Non-factive that-clauses allow wh-extraction, main clause phenomena and complementizer drop, but manner-of-speaking that-clauses resist them. In addition, the behavior of manner-of-speaking that-clauses patterns with noun complement clauses and that-clauses following the pronoun it. In this paper, I argue that the referential and adjunct status of manner-of-speaking that-clauses, noun complement clauses and that-clauses following the pronoun it is responsible for their shared restrictions on wh-extraction, main clause phenomena and complementizer drop. Specifically, I argue all three of these that-clauses are referential adjuncts in a close apposition relationship with a nominal object.
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Tuhai, O. "THE STUDY OF COMPLEMENTARY COMPLEXES IN MODERN GRAMMAR SCHOOLS." Studia Philologica, no. 2 (2019): 75–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.28925/2311-2425.2019.13.12.

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The article focuses on the basic theoretical approaches to the analysis of complementary complexes in modern grammar paradigms. The phenomenon of clausal complementation has been presented. Subordinate sentences are characterized as object clausal complements with the status of a core internal argument of the main predicate. Grammatical configuration and functioning of finite/infinitive complementary sentences in English have been revealed. Grammatical status of clauses under the study is postulated as object predication or the internal verbal complement in the function of an object. Grammatical indicators of finite sentences are analyzed considering specific that/wh- markers of complementation, semantics of matrix verbs as well as temporal tense-form feature in a verbal phrase. Grammatical configuration of infinitive sentences is denoted by to-/wh-markers and noun phrases in a certain case. Identifying criteria of verbal clausal complements have been distinguished. Morphology of the predicate, internal/external syntax of a complementary construction are grounded as leading features of their definition. Typology of verbal complementation in terms of transitivity, complement attachment to the perculia part of speech, functional communicative approach has been reviewed. General monotransitive, complex-transitive and ditransitive complementation has been outlined. When being attached to a particular language constituent a clause is determined as nominal, adjective or verbal complement. Due to communicative peculiarity finite subordinate clauses are positioned as content declarative, interrogative and exclamative.
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Seppänen, Eeva-Leena, and Ritva Laury. "Complement clauses as turn continuations." Pragmatics. Quarterly Publication of the International Pragmatics Association (IPrA) 17, no. 4 (2007): 553–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/prag.17.4.06sep.

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This paper examines the use of että-clauses in Finnish everyday conversation for extending a speaker’s turn after a possible point of turn completion for the purpose of pursuing uptake from a turn recipient. Although että-clauses are considered complements in most grammatical descriptions of Finnish, the paper questions their status as subordinate clauses. We show that they nevertheless could be considered to function as increments, as either Extensions (Glue-ons, in terms of Couper-Kuhlen & Ono, this volume) or Free Constituents. This is interesting in view of Ford, Fox & Thompson’s (2002) definition of increments as “nonmain-clause continuations after a possible point of turn completion.” We also show that what makes että-clauses ideal for the pursuit of uptake is that both as a conjunction and particle, että functions to open up the participation framework and import new voices to the conversation.
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Boye, Kasper, and Peter Harder. "Complement-taking predicates." Studies in Language 31, no. 3 (2007): 569–606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sl.31.3.03boy.

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In recent years, there has been considerable discussion about the nature of clausal subordination (cf., for instance, Schilperoord & Verhagen 1998, Verhagen 2001, Verhagen to appear, Diessel & Tomasello 2001, Thompson 2002). One of the foci has been the status of complement clauses of complement-taking predicates like think. Roughly speaking, the two poles of the issue are the ‘traditional’ assumption according to which the ‘main clause’ is central, and a new ‘usage-based’ picture according to which the ‘complement clause’ is central and the ‘main clause’ is more or less an appendix. From the point of view of an approach that sees structure as having a central role in an overall cognitive-functional picture, this potential polarization is at risk of separating issues that should be kept together. The aim of this paper is to show how a picture that is fully committed to maintaining the role of structural (including structural-semantic) subordination can simultaneously remain fully faithful to principles of usage-based linguistics. Ontogeny and phylogeny (acquisition and diachrony) are central elements in the picture.
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López-Couso, María José, and Belén Méndez-Naya. "On the history of if- and though-links with declarative complement clauses." English Language and Linguistics 5, no. 1 (2001): 93–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1360674301000144.

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This article examines the history of a construction type which has been almost completely disregarded in the extensive literature on complementation, namely declarative complement clauses introduced by if and though. Contrary to the standard view, which favours an adverbial analysis for these clauses, it is shown here that there are convincing arguments for considering certain if- and though-clauses as complements, though it is also admitted that their behaviour differs in some respects from standard cases of declarative complementation. The article also reveals the existence of a number of factors favouring the selection of the minor complementizers if and though over the major complement-clause links that and zero in Old, Middle, and Early Modern English. Evidence has primarily been drawn from the diachronic part of the Helsinki Corpus of English Texts.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Complement clauses"

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Słodowicz, Szymon. "Control in Polish complement clauses." München Sagner, 2006. http://d-nb.info/992349672/04.

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Cipria, Alicia B. "The interpretation of tense in spanish complement clauses /." The Ohio State University, 1996. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487935573773584.

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Mahdavi-Zafarghandi, Amir. "The acquisition of verb complement clauses by Persian learners of English." Thesis, University of Essex, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.324735.

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MARQUES, FERNANDA MARTINS SANROMA. "COMPLEMENT CLAUSES SELECTED BY NON-FACTIVE VERBS: RULES OF USE AND TEACHING OF P2L." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2013. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=24850@1.

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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO<br>Recentemente têm-se colocado em questão o uso do subjuntivo na Língua Portuguesa falada no Brasil. Fala-se da morte do subjuntivo, assumindo-se como fato real a hipótese de que as modalidades tradicionalmente expressas por meio do subjuntivo não estão mais sendo expressas por meio deste, ou caminhando para tal fim. O presente estudo busca desmistificar tal assunto analisando o uso de modalidades expressas pelo subjuntivo e pelo infinitivo em orações completivas regidas por verbos não factivos situados nos campos semânticos vontade e pedido/recomendação. Analisam-se, assim, não apenas estruturas em que o subjuntivo e o infinitivo são usados para expressar tais modalidades, tendo-se como critério da escolha de cada modo os sujeitos das orações principais e suas subordinadas, como também estruturas com o uso de Estruturas Alternativas (EAs) para a expressão dessas. Uma vez que tal pesquisa tem como foco a descrição de regras da língua falada, optou-se por realizar tal sistematização de acordo com a Gramática Funcional do Discurso (GDF) e se ter como objeto de estudo o português distenso falado no Brasil, ou seja, o português efetivamente falado pela classe escolarizada brasileira e usado pela mídia. Desta maneira, pode-se contribuir para uma área da descrição da Língua Portuguesa que se encontra, em geral, pouco detalhada e desatualizada em Gramáticas Tradicionais e livros de Língua Portuguesa como Língua Materna e como Segunda Língua.<br>The use of the subjunctive in spoken Brazilian Portuguese language has been much discussed in the last decades. Much is said about the death of the subjunctive, assuming as real the hypothesis that modalities traditionally expressed by the subjunctive are no longer being expressed by this mood, or on the way. This study aims to analyze the use of modalities expressed by the subjunctive and the infinitive in complement clauses selected by non-factive verbs of the volitive and request/recommendation semantic areas. Thus, in this dissertation, we analyze not only structures in which the subjunctive and the infinitive are used to express these modalities, considering the main and the subordinate clauses subjects as a criteria for mood choice, but also clauses in which these modalities are expressed with the use of Alternative Structures. Since this research focus on spoken language rules description, we did this systematization according to the Functional Discourse Grammar (FDG) and selected as object of study the Portuguese language Brazilian educated class and media use. That way, this dissertation contributes to an area of the Brazilian Portuguese language description that, in general, needs to be detailed and updated in Traditional Grammars and Portuguese language as native or second language books.
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Massery, Laurie A. "Syntactic development of the Spanish subjunctive in second language acquisition complement selection in nominal clauses /." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2009. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0024796.

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Uljas, Sami. "The modal system of earlier Egyptian complement clauses : a study in pragmatics in a dead language /." Leiden : Brill, 2007. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb411270168.

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Tahar, Chloé. "La négation explétive : des impératifs aux connecteurs : approche diachronique et formelle." Thesis, Université Paris sciences et lettres, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022UPSLE001.

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La négation explétive est un marqueur de négation non-canonique dont la distribution est limitée, à travers les langues, à un certain ensemble de prédicats : verbes d’attitude appréhensive ('craindre'), connecteurs exceptifs ('à moins que') et prospectifs ('avant que'), clauses comparatives ('moins/plus que’). En synchronie, il s'avère difficile de déterminer (i) quelle propriété formelle les prédicats dans la portée desquels la négation explétive apparaît ont en commun et (ii) à quel type de dépendance syntaxique et sémantique au prédicat de la clause matrice elle participe. Cette thèse examine ces questions dans une perspective comparative et diachronique<br>Expletive negation is a non-canonical negation marker whose distribution is limited, across languages, to a certain set of predicates: apprehensive attitude verbs (‘fear’) exceptive (‘unless’) and prospective connectives (‘before’), comparative clauses (‘more/ less than’). In synchrony, it proves difficult to determine (i) which formal property the heterogeneous set of predicates in the scope of which expletive negation occurs have in common and (ii) which kind of syntactic and semantic dependency to the matrix clause predicate it is involved in. This dissertation investigates those questions from a comparative and diachronic perspective
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Uljas, Sami Pertti. "The modal system of Earlier Egyptian complement clauses : on the expression of subjectivity in a dead language." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.416108.

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McAuliffe, Narelle. "Mood selection in Old Italian : the subjunctive and indicative in complement clauses in non-literary Tuscan of the Quattrocento." University of Western Australia. European Languages and Studies Discipline Group, 2006. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2007.0068.

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This thesis explores mood selection in Old Italian, describing the use of the subjunctive and indicative in complement clauses in non-literary Tuscan of the Quattrocento (1375-1499). Using Wandruszka’s (1991) model of the subjunctive, and a Tuscan corpus of merchant letters and ricordi, sermons and other religious writing, based on Tavoni’s (1992) hierarchy of non-literary Quattrocento writings, I quantitatively assess the factors that influence mood selection in complement clauses. I restrict my analysis to complement clauses so as to compare the findings with those of Stefinlongo’s (1977) and Vegnaduzzo’s (2000) similar corpus-based studies of mood selection in thirteenth-century Italian, where possible, in order to suggest any trends in the use of the subjunctive. While I find that the semantics of the governing lexical element still has the predominant influence on the mood of the complement clause in fifteenth-century Italian, I also find that other factors, such as clause type, person and number, and tense and aspect, have a significant role in the modal outcome of complement clauses. However, the influence of these other factors is neither categorical nor equal, and it may be collective in the case of co-present factors. By conducting a quantitative comparison of mood selection in a variety of text types, my study also investigates Stefinlongo’s hypothesis that subjunctive use is not influenced solely by semantic or syntactic factors but also by features at the level of text type. However, I find the modal influence of text type to be largely indirect, influencing the relative incidence of different semantic contexts which in turn influences the incidence of subjunctive and indicative in a text. The findings of this study serve to inform our understanding of the evolution of the subjunctive in Italian.
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McAuliffe, Narelle. "Mood selection in Old Italian : the subjunctive and indicative in complement clauses in non-literary Tuscan of the Quattrocento /." Connect to this title, 2007. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2007.0068.

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Books on the topic "Complement clauses"

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Santos, Ana Lúcia, and Anabela Gonçalves, eds. Complement Clauses in Portuguese. John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ihll.17.

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Rudanko, Martti Juhani. Prepositions and complement clauses: A syntactic and semantic study of verbs governing prepositions and complement clauses in present-day English. State University of New York Press, 1996.

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Hamawand, Zeki. Atemporal complement clauses in English: A cognitive grammar analysis. LINCOM Europa, 2002.

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Clauses without "that": The case for bare sentential complementation in English. Garland Pub., 2000.

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Granath, Solveig. Verb complementation in English: Omission of prepositions before that-clauses and to-infinitives. Acta Universitatis Gothoburgensis, 1997.

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Infinitival complement clauses in English: A study of syntax in discourse. Cambridge University Press, 1990.

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Interface perspectives on clausal complementation: The case of subjunctive obviation. Cafoscarina, 2009.

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Daniela, Kolbe, and Schulz Monika, eds. A comparative grammar of British English dialects: Modals, pronouns and complement clauses. De Gruyter Mouton, 2011.

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Aspects of Bulgarian syntax: Complementizers and WH constructions. Slavica Publishers, 1986.

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Rudin, Catherine. Aspects of Bulgarian syntax: Complementizers and WH constructions. 2nd ed. Slavica, 2013.

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Book chapters on the topic "Complement clauses"

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Aissen, Judith. "Complement Clauses." In The Mayan Languages. Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315192345-10.

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Comrie, Bernard, and Kaoru Horie. "Complement Clauses versus Relative Clauses." In Studies in Language Companion Series. John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/slcs.27.07com.

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Schwabe, Kerstin. "Interrogative complement clauses." In Linguistik Aktuell/Linguistics Today. John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/la.100.23sch.

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Gonçalves, Anabela, and Ana Lúcia Santos. "Complement clauses in Portuguese." In Complement Clauses in Portuguese. John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ihll.17.01gon.

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Declerck, Renaat. "Tense in Complement Clauses." In Sentential Complementation and the Lexicon, edited by Dany Jaspers, Yvan Putseys, Wim Klooster, and Pieter Seuren. De Gruyter, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110878479-008.

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Sheehan, Michelle. "Control of inflected infinitives in European Portuguese." In Complement Clauses in Portuguese. John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ihll.17.02she.

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Modesto, Marcello. "Inflected infinitives in Brazilian Portuguese and the theory of Control." In Complement Clauses in Portuguese. John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ihll.17.03mod.

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Martins, Ana Maria. "Infinitival complements of causative/perception verbs in a diachronic perspective." In Complement Clauses in Portuguese. John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ihll.17.04mar.

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Barbosa, Pilar P. "Controlled overt pronouns as specificational predicates." In Complement Clauses in Portuguese. John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ihll.17.05bar.

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Pires, Acrisio, and Will Nediger. "(Hyper)-raising in Brazilian Portuguese and Spanish." In Complement Clauses in Portuguese. John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ihll.17.06pir.

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Conference papers on the topic "Complement clauses"

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Zhang, Borui, Abe Kazemzadeh, and Brian Reese. "Shallow Parsing for Nepal Bhasa Complement Clauses." In Proceedings of the Fifth Workshop on the Use of Computational Methods in the Study of Endangered Languages. Association for Computational Linguistics, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/2022.computel-1.8.

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Knyazev, Mikhail Yu. "AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF SYNTACTIC COMPLEXITY ON THE REALIZATION OF SENTENTIAL COMPLEMENTS IN RUSSIAN." In 49th International Philological Conference in Memory of Professor Ludmila Verbitskaya (1936–2019). St. Petersburg State University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/11701/9785288062353.14.

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Declarative sentential complements in Russian can be realized either directly as čto-clauses or as čto-clauses embedded in the nominal construction headed by the “correlative” pronoun to. In previous studies, several factors that influence the choice of one of these two strategies have been identified, including the discourse status of the complement, the agentivity of the verb, the choice of the verb, register, etc. This study investigates the effect of syntactic complexity of the sententce in which the complement clause is embedded. The effect of complexity has been demonstrated before on the basis of several corpus studies of various constructions in English, which suggested that higher complexity is associated with the preference for the more explicit construction in the case of alternations. The goal of this study was to test whether complexity leads to a higher preference for the construction with the correlative (being the more explicit of the two alternants). Complexity was operationalized as additional embedding of the complement-taking predicate in a relative clause, either with a finite or a participial head (the latter presumably leading to still higher complexity). The hypothesis regarding the effect of complexity was tested in two experiments, an acceptability judgment study and a (100-scale) graded forced choice study. The experiments also tested the effect of the association between a verb and one of the two complementation strategies in the corpus (using the Attraction measure) as well as the effect of the subcategorization frame of the verb, i. e. whether it can take a direct object (by hypothesis, leading to the higher preference for čto-clauses) or only an oblique. The results of the experiments did not show an effect of complexity, which might be due to a small size of the effect and/or the nature of the task. However, the experiments revealed the effect of the Attraction class and of the subcategorization frame, namely, in oblique positions sentential complements show a higher preference for the correlative as opposed to direct positions. At the same time, verbs that have a higher association with čto-clauses in the corpus, show an approximately equal preference for both strategies. An explantion of this effect is proposed. Refs 16.
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Luegi, Paula, Marcus Maia, and Armanda Costa. "The use of pronominal forms in complement clauses in European and Brazilian Portuguese." In 10th International Conference of Experimental Linguistics. ExLing Society, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.36505/exling-2019/10/0034/000396.

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Letuchiy, A. B. "THE ANALOGUES OF TENSE INTERPRETATION IN RUSSIAN EMBEDDED CLAUSES: ABSOLUTE VS. RELATIVE MODALITY, ABSOLUTE VS. RELATIVE ASPECT." In International Conference on Computational Linguistics and Intellectual Technologies "Dialogue". Russian State University for the Humanities, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2075-7182-2020-19-1065-1077.

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The paper adresses parallels between tense, aspect and modality marking in Russian embedded clauses. It is widely known that tense forms of embedded verbs can be interpreted relatively or absolutely, and in some cases, the relative and absolute use seem to be in free variation. It turns out that the interpretation of modality and aspect can be described along the same lines and classified into the relative and absolute uses. For instance, subjunctive mood—one of the main instruments of irreality marking—can be interpreted as less real than the main event (relative interpretation) or less real than the moment of speech (and to the same degree as the main event; absolute interpretation). Similarly, aspect forms, depending on their interpretation, can describe the structure of the situation compared to the speech act or to the main event. I show that the parallelism between the three categories is not full: for instance, relative modality is mainly observed in triclausal constructions. Modality interpretation is sensitive to the opposition of clausal adjuncts vs. relative clauses. For the aspect interpretation, the contrast between finite forms and infinitive is relevant: infinitive allows for relative use of perfective aspect use much easier than finite forms. Finally, interpretations of the three categories are related to each other. For example, in complement clauses, the relative interpretation is perfectly acceptable for all the three categories.
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Han, Chang-hun, and Mun-Koo Kang. "Adaptive Approach to English Complement Clause." In Education 2015. Science & Engineering Research Support soCiety, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.14257/astl.2015.103.02.

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Stepanov, Arthur, and Iliyana Krapova. "THE NOMINAL STRUCTURE OF CLAUSAL COMPLEMENTS: AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF WH-EXTRACTION IN BULGARIAN." In International Annual Conference of the Institute for Bulgarian Language (Sofia, 2021). Prof. Marin Drinov Publishing House of Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/confibl2021.ii.26.

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Watson, Venesa, Edita Bajramovic, Xinxin Lou, and Karl Waedt. "Example of Graded and Lifecycle Phase-Specific Security Controls for Nuclear I&C and EPS Use Cases." In 2018 26th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone26-81601.

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Working Group WGA9 of IEC SC45A (Nuclear I&amp;C and ES), has recently completed a further working draft (WD) of the new IEC 63096 (unpublished) standard, aptly entitled Nuclear Power Plants – Instrumentation, Control and Electrical Systems – Security Controls. IEC 63096 specifically focuses on the selection and application of computer security controls for computer-based I&amp;C and ES systems. This standard follows the commonly accepted ISO/IEC 27000 series security objectives of confidentiality, integrity and availability, and borrows and expands the objectives and implementation guidance from ISO/IEC 27002, while considering recommendations on sector-specific standards by ISO/IEC 27009. In addition, this guidance introduces a security grading, as well as lifecycle phase-specific controls. The grading aligns with the stringency of security controls, starting with Baseline Requirements (BR), Security Degree S3 and up to S1 (from lowest to highest degree). The lifecycle phase concerns the I&amp;C development (D), project engineering (E) and operation and maintenance phases (O). This paper applies a sub-clause of IEC 63096 clause 15 (Supplier Relationships), to a programmable logic controller (PLC) that is typically used in power plants, to show the intended use of this standard and how it complements highest safety requirements in power plants. The Supplier Relationship clause concerns topics related to supply chain security, and is used to develop a use case example for the PLC. This example demonstrates how the controls and security degrees fits the implementation guidance from ISO/IEC 27002 and how they can be methodically applied to an I&amp;C system.
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