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Journal articles on the topic 'Complement'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 16 November 2024

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1

Justice, Monica J., and Vernon C. Bode. "Three ENU-induced alleles of the murine quaking locus are recessive embryonic lethal mutations." Genetical Research 51, no. 2 (April 1988): 95–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016672300024101.

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SummaryThe quaking (qk) locus on mouse chromosome 17 has been defined by a single viable quaking allele. Three new alleles of quaking were selected after ENU mutagenesis by their failure to complement the quaking phenotype. The qkk2 allele was induced on wild-type chromatin and the qkkt1 and qkkt4 alleles were induced on t-chromatin. Each is a recessive embryonic lethal mutation. They fail to complement each other and are not complemented by the deletion, TtOrl. Homozygotes and hemizygotes die at 8–9·5 days gestation, but not at a single precise time. Because the classical quaking mutation complements the lethality of these new alleles, but they fail to complement its quaking phenotype (myelination defect), we conclude that the quaking+ function is required for embryonic survival as well as for myelination.

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2

Augustinus, Liesbeth, and Cora Cavirani-Pots. "Give it a try!" Tijdschrift voor Nederlandse Taal- en Letterkunde 136, no. 2 (January 1, 2020): 77–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/tntl2020.2.001.augu.

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Abstract This paper compares the different possibilities of verbal complementation of the Dutch verb proberen ‘try’ and its Afrikaans cognate probeer ‘try’. In Dutch, proberencan take three complement types: an om te infinitive, a te infinitive and a bare infinitive. In Afrikaans, probeer can only take two complements: an om te infinitive and a bare infinitive. There are no semantic differences among the complemen-tation patterns. We conducted a corpus study for both languages to investigate which factors influence the choice of the complement. In Dutch there is a clear influence of region (Netherlandic Dutch versus Belgian Dutch). Furthermore, the length of the object and the type of clause (main or embedded) have a significant influence on the choice of the complement. In the Afrikaans data the presence of the object as well as its length significantly influence the choice between an om te and a bare infinitive.

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3

Steel, Gillian, Miranda Rose, and Patricia Eadie. "The Production of Complement Clauses in Children With Language Impairment." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 59, no. 2 (April 2016): 330–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2015_jslhr-l-15-0001.

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Purpose The purpose of this research was to provide a comprehensive description of complement-clause production in children with language impairment. Complement clauses were examined with respect to types of complement structure produced, verb use, and both semantic and syntactic accuracy. Method A group of 17 children with language impairment (mean age = 6;10 [years; months]) was compared with a group of 17 younger children with typical language development (mean age = 4;6). Examples of both nonfinite complements with different subjects and sentential complements involving a range of complement-taking verbs were collected using specially designed elicitation tasks. Results The children with language impairment were able to construct both types of complement clauses, had access to a range of verbs that are utilized within these constructions, and had knowledge of the grammatical constraints imposed by these verbs. However, they were more restricted in their production of sentential complements and produced significantly fewer semantically accurate complements (both finite and nonfinite) than the children with typical language development. Conclusion Children with language impairment evidenced deviant rather than merely delayed development in the area of complement-clause production. Complex sentences such as complement clauses need to be targeted in language intervention programs.

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4

Sezgin, Aslıhan, Naim Çağman, Akın Osman Atagün, and Fitnat Nur Aybek. "COMPLEMENTAL BINARY OPERATIONS OF SETS AND THEIR APPLICATION TO GROUP THEORY." Matrix Science Mathematic 7, no. 2 (June 22, 2023): 114–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.26480/msmk.02.2023.114.121.

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Set theory is considered as the foundation of all mathematics since many mathematical concepts cannot be defined precisely without using set-theoretical concepts. In this study, we define new complemental binary operations, called union complements, intersection left complement, and union right complement and investigate their properties in detail. We contribute to the literature of sets by illuminating the relationships between these complemental binary operations and inclusive\exclusive complements via researching the distribution rules. Moreover, we show that the set of all the sets together with these new complemental binary operations form some algebraic structures. Finally, with the inspiration of these novel concepts, we give an application to group theory as regards subgroups by defining new type of subgroups in order to prompt the reader to think via interesting questions. Since the concept of operations of soft set theory, one of the most popular theory for uncertainty modeling in the past twenty four years, is the crucial notion for developing the theory and since all the types of soft set operations are based on the classical set operations, generation of new complemental binary operations on sets, and thus on soft sets and derivation of their algebraic properties will provide new perspectives for solving problems related to parametric data.

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5

Whaley, Keith, and Wilhelm Schwaeble. "Complement and Complement Deficiencies." Seminars in Liver Disease 17, no. 04 (1997): 297–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-1007206.

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6

Sheerin, Neil Stephen, and Steven Howard Sacks. "Complement and complement inhibitors." Current Opinion in Nephrology and Hypertension 7, no. 3 (May 1998): 305–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00041552-199805000-00011.

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7

Ross, G. D. "Complement and complement receptors." Current Opinion in Immunology 2, no. 1 (October 1989): 50–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0952-7915(89)90097-6.

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8

Schmidtke-Bode, Karsten, and Holger Diessel. "Cross-linguistic patterns in the structure, function, and position of (object) complement clauses." Linguistics 55, no. 1 (January 1, 2017): 1–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ling-2016-0035.

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AbstractThe present contribution examines object complement clauses from the perspective of constituent-order typology. In particular, it provides the first principled empirical investigation of the position of object clauses relative to the matrix verb. Based on a stratified sample of 100 languages, we establish that there is an overall cross-linguistic preference for postverbal complements, due largely to the heterogeneous ordering patterns in OV-languages. Importantly, however, we also show that the position of complement clauses correlates with aspects of their structural organization: Preverbal complement clauses are significantly more likely to be coded by morphosyntactically “downgraded” structures than postverbal complements. Given that previous research has found a parallel correlation between structural downgrading and the semantics of the complement-taking predicate (

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9

Bouard, Bérengère, and Jean-Marie Fournier. "Complément, adverbe et expression de la manière dans les grammaires françaises, XVIe-XIXe siècles." Scolia 27, no. 1 (2013): 31–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/scoli.2013.1153.

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We discuss the notion of manner in a diachronic corpus of French grammars in connection with the concept of complement and the adverbial category. Manner does not appear in descriptions of adverbial category before the middle of the 17th century. In that time, determination and modification are used to define this category, sometimes associated to manner. The same notions will be used to define complement, when the notion is created by Beauzée, in the middle of the 1 8th century. In the same time, manner is used to describe complements connected to a preposition, or those expressing circumstances. Finally, in the 19th century, the notion of circumstancial complement is either adopted (including the manner complement), or rejected and subsumed under a formal analysis of complements.

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10

Kim, Young-Joo. "Theoretical implications of complement structure acquisition in Korean." Journal of Child Language 16, no. 3 (October 1989): 573–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305000900010734.

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ABSTRACTThe Acquisition Of Complement Phrasal Constructions In Korean Is Examined In Spontaneous Speech Data From Two Children, Who Were Observed From One And A Half To Three Years Of Age. In Spite Of Typological Differences Between English And Korean, Both Syntactic And Semantic Characteristics are found to be shared by children acquiring complement constructions in the two languages. however, certain language-specific features of korean complement structures make it possible to address theoretical points concerning the structure of infinitival complements which cannot be resolved with the acquisition data on English. The error pattern in the acquisition of certain ‘subject-equi’ verbs in Korean poses problems both for LEG and GB accounts of the constituent structure of infinitival complements and the acquisition of those constructions. On the basis of the Korean data, I propose that base-generated VP complements are acquired first, with semantically motivated reanalysis of previously acquired infinitival complement structures occurring at a later stage.

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11

Degasperi, Giovanna Rosa, Clarissa Dos Santos Paschoal, Isabella Siste de Almeida Aoki, and Arthur Manzani Fernandes. "Revisitando o Sistema Complemento – Revisão de Literatura." Jornal Interdisciplinar de Biociências 4, no. 1 (January 13, 2020): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.26694/jibi.v4i1.7735.

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As proteínas do sistema complemento favorecem as ações de células do sistema imune a regulação deste sistema é realizada por vários inibidores do complemento circulantes ou ligados à membranas celulares. Nesta revisão, abordamos as principais vias do sistema complemento, sua regulação, bem como algumas terapias que foram desenvolvidas a partir do conhecimento de seu funcionamento. Para isso, foram utilizados como bancos de dados, os periódicos eletrônicos PubMed e Scielo (Scientific Electronic Library Online) e as seguintes palavras-chaves: Complement System, Alternative and Classical Compement Pathways of Complement System, Complement System Regulation,O sistema do complemento tem sido foco dos esforços de desenvolvimento de novas drogas nos últimos anos, uma vez que sua ativação inadequada ou descontrolada foi reconhecida em muitas doenças. Entender o comportamento dessas proteínas irá introduzir novos mecanismos de regulação do complemento e pode fornecer novos caminhos no desenvolvimento de novas terapias.

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12

Zhong, Qin, Chunyan Zhao, Gufang Mou, and Ling Li. "Properties on Generalized Perron Complements of Inverse N ₀-matrices." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2455, no. 1 (March 1, 2023): 012004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2455/1/012004.

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Abstract For an irreducible and nonpositive matrix, we present the concepts of the Perron complement matrix and the generalized Perron complement matrix. An inequality that relates the generalized Perron complement matrices of inverse N 0-matrices is derived. In addition, we obtain the quotient formula of inverse N 0-matrices based on the quotient formula for the Schur complements.

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13

Hengeveld, Kees, Edson Rosa Francisco de Souza, Maria Luiza Braga, and Valéria Vendrame. "Perception Verbs in Brazilian Portuguese: A Functional Approach." Open Linguistics 5, no. 1 (August 3, 2019): 268–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/opli-2019-0016.

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AbstractThis paper examines the semantic and morphosyntactic complementation patterns of perception verbs in Brazilian Portuguese. Using the framework of Functional Discourse Grammar, five semantic complement types are identified. It is subsequently shown that these five types are in an implicational relationship, such that the set of semantic complement types that a certain perception verb in Brazilian Portuguese may take occupies a contiguous segment on a hierarchy of semantic complement types. The morphosyntactic complements of perception verbs in Brazilian Portuguese include noun phrases, finite, and non-finite clauses, the latter comprising progressive1 and infinitival forms. The second part of the study shows that the choice for one of these types can to a high extent be predicted from the semantics of the complements, using the same hierarchy of semantic complement types.

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14

Zhou, Qianwen. "The Study on the Teaching of the Basic Meaning of Chinese Directional Complement for Native English Speakers." Lifelong Education 9, no. 7 (December 8, 2020): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.18282/le.v9i7.1480.

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Learning and mastering the basic meaning of the directional complement is an important content of Chinese language learning for native English speakers, and it is also an important basic knowledge for them to learn Chinese well. There exist two reasons why the directional complement is difficult to learn. On the one hand, the grammatical structure is complicated since it is not only necessary to consider whether there is an object behind the verb of the directional complement, but also the position of the object and the directional complement. On the other hand, the semantic relationship is complicated because the directional complement has both basic and extended meanings. As the most basic meaning of directional complement, it is shared by all directional complements. Therefore, we should teach the directional meaning of directional complement.

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15

CHEN, INGRID. "PARTIAL COMPLEMENTS IN FINITE GROUPS." Journal of the Australian Mathematical Society 89, no. 1 (June 10, 2010): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1446788710000248.

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AbstractLet G be a finite group with normal subgroup N. A subgroup K of G is a partial complement of N in G if N and K intersect trivially. We study the partial complements of N in the following case: G is soluble, N is a product of minimal normal subgroups of G, N has a complement in G, and all such complements are G-conjugate.

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16

Lin, Huei-Ling. "On the Syntax of Null Clausal Complements in Taiwan Southern Min." Studies in Chinese Linguistics 43, no. 1 (June 1, 2022): 21–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/scl-2022-0002.

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Abstract This paper investigates the less discussed null argument – the null clausal complement in Taiwan Southern Min (TSM). The discussion issues include the derivation, status, and replacement of null clausal complements in TSM. This paper applies four tests to prove that the null clausal complement in TSM is a type of deep anaphora, which has no internal structure and is not derived through deletion. Moreover, possessing features such as not being A-bound, and possibly being but not required to be A-bar-bound, the null clausal complement in TSM is argued to have the status of a null epithet. As null clausal complements are not allowed with all kinds of verbs, in some cases where clausal complements cannot be null, an obligatory pro-S an-ne ‘so’ is then required.

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17

Darefsheh, Mohammadreza, and Hadiseh Saydi. "Classical groups as Frobenius complement." Algebra and Discrete Mathematics 35, no. 1 (2023): 36–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.12958/adm1929.

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The Frobenius group G belongs to an important class of groups that more than 100 years ago was defined by F. G. Frobenius who proved that G is a semi-direct product of a normal subgroup K of G called kernel by another non-trivial subgroup H called the complement. In this case we show that a few of the classical finite groups can be Frobenius complement.

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18

Visweswaran, S. "When Is the Complement of the Zero-Divisor Graph of a Commutative Ring Complemented?" ISRN Algebra 2012 (June 16, 2012): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2012/282054.

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Let be a commutative ring with identity which has at least two nonzero zero-divisors. Suppose that the complement of the zero-divisor graph of has at least one edge. Under the above assumptions on , it is shown in this paper that the complement of the zero-divisor graph of is complemented if and only if is isomorphic to as rings. Moreover, if is not isomorphic to as rings, then, it is shown that in the complement of the zero-divisor graph of , either no vertex admits a complement or there are exactly two vertices which admit a complement.

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19

Zairjonovich, Tilovov Ozod. "The Semantic Aspect of the Result Compliment (????) in Chinese." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 1 (January 31, 2022): 1821–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.40113.

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Abstract: From the point of view of language learning, the most important issue is the study of 补语 (complements) in Chinese. For many foreign students who are studying the Chinese Language, 补语 (complement) is an unfamiliar part of the sentence. Usually students easily learn parts of sentence such as "subject", "predicate", "determiner", "adverbial modifier" because of their existence in almost every language.However, 补语 (complement)is socomplicated for students to learnsince it is almost impossible to find complements in any other languages except Chinese. 补语 (complement) is used after an adjective or verb to make the predicate more meaningful. In Chinese object is also used after verb, but there is a difference between object and 补语 (complement): the object usually represents something or someone that is involved in or related to the action, therefore, in most cases they are used as a noun predicative; meanwhile 补语 (complement) is used as a verb predicative which completes the person or thing involved in the action, and gives additional meaning to the predicate. Keywords: 补语, 结果补语, 趋向补语, 可能补语, 程度补语, 见, 住, 着.

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20

Molinier, Christian. "Connecteurs et marqueurs énonciatifs." Grammaires et Lexiques Comparés 26, no. 1 (September 30, 2003): 15–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/li.26.1.04mol.

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Summary Two broad categories of frozen adverbial complements may be distinguished, organised around the noun propos in terms of the meaning taken on by this noun within these complements: namely, either «words expressed», «what is said», or «discourse topic», «what is being talked about». In the sense «words expressed», the noun propos is freely allowed in argument positions, and gives rise to the adverbial complement à (ce + ces) propos (‘in this/these connection(s)’), a topicalised temporal, or temporal-causal complement which is synonymous with à (ce + ces) mots ‘with these words’, and does not correspond to any postverbal complement. In the sense «discourse topic», the noun propos, which occurs as an argument only as complement of a small number of verbs (sortir, s’éloigner, revenir à son propos ‘diverge from, come back to one’s topic’), allows the construction of an adverbial complement à ce propos ‘in this connection’ which is found in postverbal position essentially with verbs of saying (where it is distinct in the modern language from the adverbial structure à propos de N ‘on the subject of N’), and in initial position in its function as topicaliser or utterance-level marker.

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21

Thwala, Nhlanhla. "Parameters of variation & complement licensing in Bantu." ZAS Papers in Linguistics 43 (January 1, 2006): 209–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.21248/zaspil.43.2006.292.

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In this paper I argue that the syntax of Eastern Bantu does not make reference to the notion 'syntactic object'. That is, there is no linguistic category of objects that is the target of syntactic rules in Eastern Bantu languages. Instead I propose that syntactic rules broadly distinguish complements and adjuncts as well as category type of complement or adjunct. I argue that Bantu languages are typologically special in that (a) the verb complement structure can be expanded by the valency increasing applicative suffix; and (b) that the class of adjuncts can be expanded through verb concord licensing. Because of these properties, Bantu languages have a much-expanded notion of 'complement' and 'adjunct'. Namely, complements consist of (a) inherent complements (subcategorised by the lexical verb), and (b) derived complements (licensed by the applicative suffix). Adjuncts consist of (a) non-subcategorised modifying constituents in the usual sense and (b) phrases that are licensed by verb concord (i.e. Topics in Bresnan and Mchombo (1987)). I propose that most the differences in the licensing of objects in Bantu are due to two causes: (a) the unusual split in the composition of complements and adjuncts and (b) a set of typological parameter settings.

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22

Mahato, Iswar, and M. Rajesh Kannan. "Extremal problems for the eccentricity matrices of complements of trees." Electronic Journal of Linear Algebra 39 (June 23, 2023): 339–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.13001/ela.2023.7781.

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The eccentricity matrix of a connected graph $G$, denoted by $\mathcal{E}(G)$, is obtained from the distance matrix of $G$ by keeping the largest nonzero entries in each row and each column and leaving zeros in the remaining ones. The $\mathcal{E}$-eigenvalues of $G$ are the eigenvalues of $\mathcal{E}(G)$. The largest modulus of an eigenvalue is the $\mathcal{E}$-spectral radius of $G$. The $\mathcal{E}$-energy of $G$ is the sum of the absolute values of all $\mathcal{E}$-eigenvalues of $G$. In this article, we study some of the extremal problems for eccentricity matrices of complements of trees and characterize the extremal graphs. First, we determine the unique tree whose complement has minimum (respectively, maximum) $\mathcal{E}$-spectral radius among the complements of trees. Then, we prove that the $\mathcal{E}$-eigenvalues of the complement of a tree are symmetric about the origin. As a consequence of these results, we characterize the trees whose complement has minimum (respectively, maximum) least $\mathcal{E}$-eigenvalues among the complements of trees. Finally, we discuss the extremal problems for the second largest $\mathcal{E}$-eigenvalue and the $\mathcal{E}$-energy of complements of trees and characterize the extremal graphs. As an application, we obtain a Nordhaus-Gaddum-type lower bounds for the second largest $\mathcal{E}$-eigenvalue and $\mathcal{E}$-energy of a tree and its complement.

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23

Walport, Mark J. "Complement." New England Journal of Medicine 344, no. 14 (April 5, 2001): 1058–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/nejm200104053441406.

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Walport, Mark J. "Complement." New England Journal of Medicine 344, no. 15 (April 12, 2001): 1140–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/nejm200104123441506.

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25

Goldfarb, Roy D., and Joseph E. Parrillo. "Complement." Critical Care Medicine 33, Suppl (December 2005): S482—S484. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.ccm.0000186789.27047.84.

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26

ERNST, JOEL D. "Complement." Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal 6, no. 12 (December 1987): 1154–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006454-198706120-00031.

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ERNST, JOEL D. "Complement." Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal 6, no. 12 (December 1987): 1154–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006454-198712000-00031.

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28

Vergani, D. "Complement." Diabetic Medicine 3, no. 4 (July 8, 1986): 306–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-5491.1986.tb00769.x.

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29

Kerr, M. A. "Complement." Biochemical Education 16, no. 4 (October 1988): 242–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0307-4412(88)90156-2.

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30

Nusse, R. "Complement." Trends in Biochemical Sciences 13, no. 10 (October 1988): 407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0968-0004(88)90194-6.

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Boylston, A. W., and Fiona Lancaster. "Complement." Immunology Today 9, no. 12 (December 1988): 401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-5699(88)91245-5.

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Varela, Juan Carlos, and Stephen Tomlinson. "Complement." Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America 29, no. 3 (June 2015): 409–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hoc.2015.02.001.

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Piron, C. "Complement." Foundations of Physics 35, no. 9 (September 2005): 1649–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10701-005-6487-8.

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34

Stiebels, Barbara. "Towards a typology of complement control." ZAS Papers in Linguistics 47 (January 1, 2007): 1–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.21248/zaspil.47.2007.344.

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It is the aim of this paper to evaluate the various types of sentential complementation available in terms of complement control cross-linguistically. I will propose a lexical classification of control classes on the basis of the instantiated subordination patterns. I want to focus on an important distinction, namely that of structural vs. inherent control. Structural control is found with predicates that select a clausal complement whose structure requires argument identification and thus 'induces' control. Infinitival complements are prototypical cases for this kind of control because in most languages infinitival complements can only 'survive' in structures of control or raising. The interesting question is which predicates license structural control and which cross-linguistic differences emerge between potential licensors. Inherent control is found with predicates that require control readings independent of the instantiated structure of sentential complementation (e.g. a directive predicate such as zwingen 'force'). In addition, I will recapitulate and add arguments for the dual lexical-syntactic nature of complement control.

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35

Chellaram Malaravan, A., and A. Wilson Baskar. "A study on distance in graph complement." Discrete Mathematics, Algorithms and Applications 12, no. 03 (May 26, 2020): 2050045. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793830920500457.

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The aim of this paper is to determine radius and diameter of graph complements. We provide a necessary and sufficient condition for the complement of a graph to be connected, and determine the components of graph complement. Finally, we completely characterize the class of graphs [Formula: see text] for which the subgraph induced by central (respectively peripheral) vertices of its complement in [Formula: see text] is isomorphic to a complete graph [Formula: see text], for some positive integer [Formula: see text].

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36

Heidinger, Steffen. "Types of zero complements in French and Spanish prepositional phrases." Isogloss. Open Journal of Romance Linguistics 10, no. 1 (May 21, 2024): 1–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5565/rev/isogloss.371.

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Some French prepositions can appear without an overt complement. The discussion about the status of such zero complements (starting with Zribi-Hertz's (1984a, 1984b) seminal work) is still ongoing. More recently, Authier (2016) argued that French prepositions are heterogeneous in this respect: The zero complement of only some prepositions is a null pronoun (e.g., avec 'with', but not pour 'for'). I aim to take this discussion one step further and scrutinize whether the zero complement of one and the same preposition can have different statuses. To this end I compare zero complements in two contexts: reduced sentences with a contrastive focus on the preposition vs. prepositions in full sentences without contrastive focus on the preposition. Based on data from acceptability judgment experiments, I will show that the zero complements in these two contexts underly different restrictions with respect to animacy and crosslinguistic distribution (comparing French and Spanish). This suggests two types of zero complements in the case of prepositions like avec: null pronouns in non-contrastive contexts, and background deletion in contrastive contexts. Additionally, the data provides novel insights about strong pronouns vs. zero complements in French and Spanish PPs, highlighting different animacy restrictions on zero complements and strong pronouns in the two languages.

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Beanland, Kevin, and Ryan M. Causey. "Genericity and Universality for Operator Ideals." Quarterly Journal of Mathematics 71, no. 3 (June 17, 2020): 1081–129. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/qmathj/haaa018.

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Abstract A bounded linear operator $U$ between Banach spaces is universal for the complement of some operator ideal $\mathfrak{J}$ if it is a member of the complement and it factors through every element of the complement of $\mathfrak{J}$. In the first part of this paper, we produce new universal operators for the complements of several ideals, and give examples of ideals whose complements do not admit such operators. In the second part of the paper, we use descriptive set theory to study operator ideals. After restricting attention to operators between separable Banach spaces, we call an operator ideal $\mathfrak{J}$ generic if whenever an operator $A$ has the property that every operator in $\mathfrak{J}$ factors through a restriction of $A$, then every operator between separable Banach spaces factors through a restriction of $A$. We prove that many classical operator ideals (such as strictly singular, weakly compact, Banach–Saks) are generic and give a sufficient condition, based on the complexity of the ideal, for when the complement does not admit a universal operator. Another result is a new proof of a theorem of M. Girardi and W. B. Johnson, which states that there is no universal operator for the complement of the ideal of completely continuous operators.

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Zhang, Ming, Xiang Li, Seran Kahyaoglu, Marina Sironi, and Alberto Mantovani. "Cardiac endothelial cells produce complement C3 in response to hypoxia." Journal of Immunology 200, no. 1_Supplement (May 1, 2018): 166.40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.200.supp.166.40.

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Abstract Hypoxia takes places in life threatening conditions, such as heart attack. Endothelial cells are on the first line being affected when hypoxia occurs. Complements as innate immune factors have been reported to play an important role in re-oxygenation after hypoxia being corrected, but little is known the complement response in endothelia cells during hypoxia. Using a murine cardiac endothelial line H5V, we investigated this. Under hypoxia condition without serum (thus no exogenous complements provided), these cardiac endothelial cells produced complement C3 for a period time and died. However, when serum was supplemented during hypoxia, these cells did not produce endogenous C3 and maintained a reasonable survival rate. The results indicate that endogenous production of complement C3 is promoted by the hypoxia stress and linked to cell death of cardiac endothelial cells.

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Liu, Guobing, and Yaping Du. "A Corpus-based Study of Valency Sentence Patterns of English Verbs." Theory and Practice in Language Studies 9, no. 6 (June 1, 2019): 655. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.0906.07.

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Based on the COCA, this paper investigates valency sentence patterns of the English verb APPOINT from the perspective of syntactic valency. And it analyzes the dominated components of verbs with the corpus linguistic method of collocation. It has been found: (1) The verb APPOINT has seven valency sentence patterns identified in the active sentences and fifteen patterns in the passive sentences. (2) The complement types associated with the verb APPOINT include subject complement, object complement, nominal complement with or without as, verbal complement with an infinitive or with to-be followed by a noun or a noun phrase, prepositional complement with the preposition to, by or for. (3) There is regularity existing in the complements. This present study describes valency sentence patterns of verbs, taking the sentence as the smallest research unit and verbs as the core of the sentence. The research results provide a new sight for second language teaching, especially for English vocabulary teaching.

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BINAJ-EJUPI, Kadire, and Lindita SEJDIU-RUGOVA. "BASIC STRUCTURAL SENTENCE PATTERNS IN THE ALBANIAN LANGUAGE." Ezikov Svyat volume 20 issue 3, ezs.swu.v20i3 (October 20, 2022): 347–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.37708/ezs.swu.bg.v20i3.5.

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This paper describes and analyzes the basic structural sentence patterns in the Albanian language. The internal structure of sen-tences is determined by the verb, which serves as its predicator: the type of verb/ verb valence determines the number and type of complements, and consequently determines the minimal structure of the sentence. A verb like vdes “die”, which is monova-lent-intransitive, requires only one complement in the function of the subject to complete the sentence. Unlike vdes “die”, the bivalent verb takoj “meet” requires two complements to convey its meaning: an internal complement in the function of the direct object and an external complement in the function of the subject. Thus, the verb vdes “die” forms one of the basic sentence pat-terns in the Albanian language: S + intransitive verb, whereas the verb takoj “meet” forms another basic pattern, namely the pattern S + monotransitive verb + DO. The minimal sentence structure contains the verb together with its valence complements. Therefore, in order to derive the basic sentence patterns in Albanian, the sentence constituents that function as complements were first distinguished from adjuncts, and then it was proceeded with the classification of the type of complements. The de-scription of the basic sentence patterns is made according to the syntactic function carried by verb complements, supplemented by the description according to the syntactic categories and the semantic roles that complements carry.

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Podhorodecka, Joanna. "Lexical factors in non-finite complementation of continue." Beyond Philology An International Journal of Linguistics, Literary Studies and English Language Teaching, no. 19/1 (March 14, 2022): 37–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.26881/bp.2022.1.02.

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The study examines the usage of two non-finite complements of the verb continue: the -ing form and the to-infinitive, arguing for the importance of low level generalizations in accounting for the complement choice. The semantic import of complement constructions may vary with specific lexeme classes of both the matrix verb and the complement verb, as well as be conditioned by more general features associated with the verbs’ lexical aspect. The determinants of complement choice are characterized in terms of the aspectual construal of the complement event imposed by the two alternative constructions: conceptual proximity and distance associated respectively with the -ing form and the to-infinitive. The study relies on distinctive collexeme analysis: a statistical technique which compares the lexemes distinctive for the two constructions in order to describe the semantics of the construction by examining its most characteristic collocates.

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Mattacks, Christine A., and Caroline M. Pond. "The effects of dietary restriction and exercise on the volume of adipocytes in two intra-orbital depots in the guinea-pig." British Journal of Nutrition 53, no. 2 (March 1985): 207–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn19850028.

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1. The volume of adipocytes in two intra-orbital sites and fourteen superficial and intra-abdominal sites, and the total adipocyte complement have been measured in virgin and reproductive guinea-pigs maintained on several different regimens of diet and exercise.2. The adipocytes around the ocular muscles at the back of the orbit (peripheral fat) are always larger than those just behind the eyeball (orbital fat).3. The adipocytes in both the intra-orbital sites are significantly larger in guinea-pigs whose total adipocyte complement is smaller than one standard deviation from the mean, than in those which have a normal-size or large adipocyte complement.4. The volume of intra-orbital adipocytes correlates very significantly with the volume of adipocytes in superficial and intra-abdominal sites in guinea-pigs which have large adipocyte complements, correlates weakly in those with normal adipocyte complements and not at all in those with small adipocyte complements.5. It is suggested that there may be fewer intra-orbital adipocytes in animals which have small adipocyte complements, and that, because the intra-orbital adipose tissue occupies a constant volume, the adipocytes in these sites become larger when they are less numerous.

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Ganenkov, Dmitry. "Infinitival complementation from Caucasian Albanian to Modern Udi." Journal of Historical Linguistics 5, no. 1 (August 28, 2015): 110–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jhl.5.1.04gan.

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The article investigates diachronic changes in infinitival complementation from Caucasian Albanian to modern Udi dialects. It describes the syntactic structure of infinitival complements in Caucasian Albanian, 19th century Vartashen Udi and two modern dialects, and concentrates on case marking of overt subjects in constructions with the matrix verbs ‘can, be able’, ‘begin’ and ‘want’. From a diachronic point of view, the data presented in the article allow us to conclude that historical changes in both the lexical form of complement-taking predicates and the morphology of their complements obey Cristofaro’s (2003) Complement Deranking Hierarchy.

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Sheehan, Michelle. "Extraposition and antisymmetry." Linguistic Variation Yearbook 2010 10 (December 31, 2010): 201–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/livy.10.06she.

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‘Extraposition’ is a cover term for two distinct phenomena (cf. also Fox & Nissenbaum 1999; Kiss 2005). The first, which I assume to be derived by parallel construal (following Koster 2000), targets only RCs, blocks reconstruction of the extraposed constituent to the base position of the source, and as such has the effect of bleeding condition C. The second, which I claim is derived via scattered deletion, targets post-head complements/modifiers, triggers obligatory reconstruction of the source+complement/modifier to base-position and leaves extraposed complements open to subextraction, all else being equal. The scattered deletion of spec+head and complement is argued to be derived from Uriagereka's (1999) simplification of the LCA, and the copy theory of labelling (cf. Sheehan 2010). Keywords: linearisation; extraposition; multiple spell-out; LCA; labelling; reconstruction; relative clause; complement PP; scattered deletion

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Kuzmichev, V. E., and V. V. Kuzmichev. "Can Quantum Geometrodynamics Complement General Relativity?" Ukrainian Journal of Physics 61, no. 5 (May 2016): 449–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/ujpe61.05.0449.

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Narayan Rao, V., S. Manivannan, J. S. Tyagi, and V. D. Ramanathan. "Decreased C3 Activation by the devR Gene-Disrupted Mycobacterium tuberculosis Strain in Comparison to the Wild-Type Strain." International Journal of Bacteriology 2013 (May 18, 2013): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/512481.

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Activation of the complement component C3 is an important step in the complement cascade, contributing to inflammatory mechanisms. Considerable research on gene-disrupted mycobacterial strains using animal models of tuberculosis infection has reported the roles of some of the mycobacterial genes during tuberculosis infection. The aim of the present study was to assess the pattern of complement activation by the devR gene-disrupted Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv strain and compare with that by its wild-type strain. In vitro complement activation at the level of C3 by the gene-disrupted strain, its complemented strain, and wild-type strain was performed using solid-phase ELISA. It was observed that the ability of devR gene-disrupted M. tuberculosis H37Rv to activate C3 was significantly reduced in comparison to its wild-type strain (P<0.05). In addition, C3 activation by the complemented devR mutant strain was almost similar to that of the wild strain, which indicated that the reduced ability to activate C3 could potentially be due to the deletion of devR gene. These findings indicate that the gene devR probably aids in complement activation and contributes to the inflammatory processes during tuberculosis infection.

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Joyce, Dennis G. "Phenotypic variation in predetermined and free growth in sapling size western larch." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 17, no. 3 (March 1, 1987): 200–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x87-035.

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Phenotypic variation in the proportions of annual shoot growth attributable to predetermined and free growth were assessed using upper crown lateral branches of sapling size western larch (Larixoccidentalis Nutt.) from five stands. Significant differences in predetermined and total annual shoot needle complement were detected among stands. Although stands were elevationally diverse, no significant differences in free growth were detected among stands. Substantial variation in predetermined, free growth, and total annual shoot needle complements were present within stands. An average of 17% of the annual shoot needle complement was attributable to free growth, but the percentage varied from 0 to 94% for individual trees. Although predetermined needle complement was negatively correlated with free growth needle complement, some trees had above-average values for both modes of shoot growth.

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Liem, Vo Thanh, and Gerard A. Venema. "On the Asphericity of Knot Complements." Canadian Journal of Mathematics 45, no. 2 (April 1, 1993): 340–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4153/cjm-1993-016-5.

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AbstractTwo examples of topological embeddings of S2 in S4 are constructed. The first has the unusual property that the fundamental group of the complement is isomorphic to the integers while the second homotopy group of the complement is nontrivial. The second example is a non-locally flat embedding whose complement exhibits this property locally.Two theorems are proved. The first answers the question of just when good π1 implies the vanishing of the higher homotopy groups for knot complements in S4. The second theorem characterizes local flatness for 2-spheres in S4 in terms of a local π1 condition.

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Ward, Peter. "Complement and complement receptors in experimental sepsis." Molecular Immunology 45, no. 16 (October 2008): 4174. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molimm.2008.08.236.

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50

Hoffman, Neil. "Cusp types of quotients of hyperbolic knot complements." Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society, Series B 9, no. 32 (August 19, 2022): 336–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1090/bproc/104.

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This paper completes a classification of the types of orientable and non-orientable cusps that can arise in the quotients of hyperbolic knot complements. In particular, S 2 ( 2 , 4 , 4 ) S^2(2,4,4) cannot be the cusp cross-section of any orbifold quotient of a hyperbolic knot complement. Furthermore, if a knot complement covers an orbifold with a S 2 ( 2 , 3 , 6 ) S^2(2,3,6) cusp, it also covers an orbifold with a S 2 ( 3 , 3 , 3 ) S^2(3,3,3) cusp. We end with a discussion that shows all cusp types arise in the quotients of link complements.

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