Academic literature on the topic 'Complex decision-Making process'

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Journal articles on the topic "Complex decision-Making process"

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Shedid, Daniel, and Edward C. Benzel. "DECISION MAKING PROCESS." Neurosurgery 60, suppl_1 (January 1, 2007): S1–166—S1–169. http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/01.neu.0000249279.79686.e3.

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Abstract CLINICAL PROBLEMS ARE often complex. Problems of great complexity are usually associated with a commensurately greater degree of difficulty with respect to the decision making process. This is most certainly true regarding the management of cervical spondylosis. Usually, clinicians make clinically appropriate decisions. However, more often than realized, suboptimal decisions may be made. Therefore, an assessment of the types of errors regarding clinical decision making are worthy of consideration. In this article, a scheme for decision making regarding the management of cervical spondylosis is presented.
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Massaro, Davide, Ilaria Castelli, Federico Manzi, Elisabetta Lombardi, and Antonella Marchetti. "Decision Making as a Complex Psychological Process." Bildung und Erziehung 70, no. 1 (May 24, 2017): 17–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.7788/bue-2017-0104.

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ŚCIBIOREK, Zbigniew. "CONDITIONS OF THE DECISION - MAKING PROCESS." Journal of Science of the Gen. Tadeusz Kosciuszko Military Academy of Land Forces 186, no. 4 (October 2, 2017): 249–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.7232.

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In the article it has been emphasized, without analyzing the problematic situation, that making decision is becoming an increasingly complex process. This is influenced by many factors, mainly the dynamism of changes taking place and the significant impact of the environment. Information is essential to take correct and effective decisions. It is not always certain (reliable). Uncertainty and risk accompany decision makers and the point is that the decisions are adequate to the ensuing situation and create realistic determinants for achieving objectives – the implementation of the planned tasks. Interdisciplinary knowledge and high competences of persons making resolutions of complex decision problems are indispensable.
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Armstrong, S., and P. Hoskin. "Complex Clinical Decision-Making Process of Re-Irradiation." Clinical Oncology 32, no. 11 (November 2020): 688–703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clon.2020.07.023.

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Zhang, Jia, Xiang Wang, Fang Deng, Bin Xin, and Wenjie Chen. "Battlefield Agent Decision-Making Based on Markov Decision Process." Journal of Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics 21, no. 2 (March 15, 2017): 221–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jaciii.2017.p0221.

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Battlefield decision-making is an important part of modern information warfare. It can analyze and integrate battlefield information, reduce operators’ work and assist them to make decisions quickly in complex battlefield environment. The paper presents a dynamic battlefield decision-making method based on Markov Decision Processes (MDP). By this method, operators can get decision support quickly in the case of incomplete information. In order to improve the credibility of decisions, dynamic adaptability and intelligence, softmax regression and random forest are introduced to improve the MDP model. Simulations show that the method is intuitive and practical, and has remarkable advantages in solving the dynamic decision problems under incomplete information.
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Benfield, Angela, and Robert B. Krueger. "Making Decision-Making Visible—Teaching the Process of Evaluating Interventions." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 7 (March 31, 2021): 3635. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18073635.

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Significant efforts in the past decades to teach evidence-based practice (EBP) implementation has emphasized increasing knowledge of EBP and developing interventions to support adoption to practice. These efforts have resulted in only limited sustained improvements in the daily use of evidence-based interventions in clinical practice in most health professions. Many new interventions with limited evidence of effectiveness are readily adopted each year—indicating openness to change is not the problem. The selection of an intervention is the outcome of an elaborate and complex cognitive process, which is shaped by how they represent the problem in their mind and is mostly invisible processes to others. Therefore, the complex thinking process that support appropriate adoption of interventions should be taught more explicitly. Making the process visible to clinicians increases the acquisition of the skills required to judiciously select one intervention over others. The purpose of this paper is to provide a review of the selection process and the critical analysis that is required to appropriately decide to trial or not trial new intervention strategies with patients.
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Galo, Agerti. "Analytical Hierarchy Process as a Decision-Making Model." European Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies 4, no. 2 (January 21, 2017): 106. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejms.v4i2.p106-112.

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When the problems we face are complex and affect each other, then the decision making process is more difficult. In most cases we apply established policies or choices without knowing which the best choice is. To make appropriate decisions that can solve the problems encountered should be analyzed very well the reasons that create problems and their reciprocal influence. AHP helps the decision of the people who will decide the problem by taking a hierarchical structure evaluation, opinions, experiences and all information about this problem. This flexible structure enables analytical feelings and instincts to organize and align with a shape that resembles human logic. Thus this analytical flexible structure, allowing to adjust the paper instead of the mind, gives people the opportunity to intervene in the most difficult problems and complex.
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Schweiger, David M., Carl R. Anderson, and Edwin A. Locke. "Complex decision making: A longitudinal study of process and performance." Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes 36, no. 2 (October 1985): 245–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0749-5978(85)90015-9.

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Rudge, B. A. "Decision-Making in Anaesthesia." Anaesthesia and Intensive Care 23, no. 5 (October 1995): 597–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0310057x9502300512.

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Anaesthetists work as part of a process and deal with complex situations in their daily work. Considerable effort is put into training anaesthetists, but little has been done either in research or improving awareness of the intangible components of the anaesthesia system that affect safety, such as decision-making. The purpose of this article is to apply the principles of decision-making to anaesthesia practice.
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YUKALOV, V. I., and D. SORNETTE. "SELF-ORGANIZATION IN COMPLEX SYSTEMS AS DECISION MAKING." Advances in Complex Systems 17, no. 03n04 (July 2014): 1450016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219525914500167.

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The idea is advanced that self-organization in complex systems can be treated as decision making (as it is performed by humans) and, vice versa, decision making is nothing but a kind of self-organization in the decision maker nervous systems. A mathematical formulation is suggested based on the definition of probabilities of system states, whose particular cases characterize the probabilities of structures, patterns, scenarios, or prospects. In this general framework, it is shown that the mathematical structures of self-organization and of decision making are identical. This makes it clear how self-organization can be seen as an endogenous decision making process and, reciprocally, decision making occurs via an endogenous self-organization. The approach is illustrated by phase transitions in large statistical systems, crossovers in small statistical systems, evolutions and revolutions in social and biological systems, structural self-organization in dynamical systems, and by the probabilistic formulation of classical and behavioral decision theories. In all these cases, self-organization is described as the process of evaluating the probabilities of macroscopic states or prospects in the search for a state with the largest probability. The general way of deriving the probability measure for classical systems is the principle of minimal information, that is, the conditional entropy maximization under given constraints. Behavioral biases of decision makers can be characterized in the same way as analogous to quantum fluctuations in natural systems.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Complex decision-Making process"

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Nilsson, Jonas. "Consumer decision making in a complex environment : Examining the decision making process of socially responsible mutual fund investors." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Umeå universitet, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-35607.

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During the last few decades, "regular people" have become increasingly involved with investing in the stock market. One way of doing this, which has become more and more popular, is to invest in mutual funds. The mutual fund industry has, due to its explosive growth, been described as a success story of the 20th century. These days, sources report that over 70% of the Swedish population actively invests in mutual funds. This thesis is an investigation into consumer decision making regarding one specific type of mutual fund: Socially Responsible Investment (SRI). SRI profiled mutual funds are different from "regular" mutual funds in that they incorporate social, ethical, and environmental (SEE) criteria. In this manner, SRI profiled mutual funds could be said to have two separate dimensions. The regular financial dimension has the purpose of generating a high level of financial return while managing risk. The socially responsible dimension, on the other hand, focuses on incorporating SEE issues into the investment process. However, consumers that desire to choose mutual funds that will both perform well financially and have a good socially responsible dimension face a more difficult decision than consumers who choose to invest in "regular" mutual funds. As each of the dimensions come with its own set of challenges which the consumer must overcome, choosing an appropriate combination of these is a difficult task. In this manner, consumers of SRI profiled mutual funds have to navigate through a complex decision making environment to arrive at a good choice. Based in this notion of decision making in complex environments, this thesis investigates how consumers combine their "traditional" financial objectives with their "additional" SEE consideration and examines the impact of personal factors related to these two areas on consumer investment in SRI profiled mutual funds. Four separate essays on these topics, each investigating a specific stage in the Engel-Kollat-Blackwell (1968) consumer decision making process, are presented. Moreover, in order to understand how complexity impacts consumer decision making in the area, the results of each study are analyzed against a conceptual framework focusing on the complexity of the market. The results show that consumers of SRI profiled mutual funds care about both financial and SEE issues. However, how consumers combine these in their decision making differs. Factors, such as the stage of the purchase decision making process, personal abilities, preferences, and perceptions are found to impact consumer decision making.  Against this background, this thesis generates an increased understanding of consumer decision making in complex decision making environments in general and of SRI profiled mutual funds in particular.
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Ernsberger, Timothy S. "Integrating Deterministic Planning and Reinforcement Learning for Complex Sequential Decision Making." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1354813154.

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Selvaraj, Nallini. "Collaborative decision making in complex work settings : a process of managing inter dependencies." Thesis, Middlesex University, 2016. http://eprints.mdx.ac.uk/21227/.

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There exists disparity between the conceptualization and occurrence of Collaborative Decision Making (CDM) in everyday work activities of complex work settings. Current notions in the field of Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW) based on studies of decision making in groups typically portray CDM as an isolated event in which multiple personnel jointly undertake decision making. In the real world, however, decisions are made during work performance and interlaced with other processes and activities. Moreover, the complex work setting is a cooperative arrangement in which decision making is distributed. This research aims to alleviate the disparity by investigating how people in a complex working environment make decisions collaboratively. The original contribution to knowledge made by this thesis is the theory of CDM as a process of managing interdependencies. Field-studies conducted in an airport to examine the way CDM is undertaken during Air Traffic Control operations inform theory development. The study takes a qualitative approach and is guided by Grounded Theory Methodology (GTM). The findings of this research indicate that undertaking decision making in the cooperative arrangement of complex work settings requires managing the distributions and interconnections inherent in this setup. In addition, participation and contribution of personnel in decision making is found to be structured by the dependencies between their activities. These findings form the central focus of the theory leading to the depiction of CDM as a process of managing interdependencies. The theory presented in this thesis clarifies and extends existing views by explicating the differentiated process of CDM in the cooperative arrangement of a complex work setting. Based on this a new definition of CDM is formulated. In addition, a conceptual framework of ten parameters is derived to serve as a tool for analysing CDM taking place in a particular work setting. Application of this framework is demonstrated by analysing an aircraft accident report to draw insights about the occurrence of CDM in this setting.
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Runnion, Brett Matthew. "Evidence for unconscious thought in complex decisions the result of a methodological artifact or of an active thought process /." Thesis, Montana State University, 2009. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2009/runnion/RunnionB0509.pdf.

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Previous research has suggested that a period of unconscious thought can result in judgments that are equal or superior to those of conscious thought (Dijksterhuis, 2004). The existence of unconscious thought as a decision-making process is controversial. In fact, it has been suggested that unconscious thought is not a process rather the evidence supporting it is the result of a methodological artifact (Lassiter et al., in press) that only occurs when participants can retrieve online judgments. This thesis attempts to resolve this controversy. Participants received information describing 4 cars (acquisition stage) that were described by twelve dichotomous attributes (e.g., good/poor mileage). The best car possessed mostly positive characteristics and the worst car had mostly negative characteristics. Participants were told before or after the information was presented, that they would be forming an impression of the four cars. They were then allowed to think about the cars consciously for 4 minutes, were distracted for 4 minutes (unconscious thought), or were asked to make an immediate decision without thinking. When the instructions to form an impression were received before acquiring the information, the participants could form online judgments during acquisition. These could later be retrieved when participants reported their attitudes. When the instructions to form an impression were received after participants acquired the information, they could not form online judgments, but could form only memory-based judgments after the information was presented. Without online judgments, participants are forced to rely on memory-based judgments. Thus, if participants in the unconscious-thought condition formed more favorable attitudes toward the best car relative to the attitudes formed by the participants in the other two conditions, a thought process must be occurring. Additionally, these attitudes should transfer to choosing the best car as well. However, the results of this thesis failed to replicate previous research (Lassiter et al., in press) as the dependent measures failed to reach significance.
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Payne, Catherine. "Organizational Decision-Making in Information Technology Choice: A Case Study and Investigative Approach." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/32218.

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A significant amount of research has been done in the area of understanding how people use technology in the workplace. Included in this research is how social and technical systems of an organization interact and influence one another. Previous work in both Management of Information Systems and Computer Supported Cooperative Work show how the interaction between the social and technical systems of a workplace can lead to new technology uses and requirements, as well as adoption issues like resistance. One area that has not been extensively studied is how organizations select technologies to begin with. To understand how an organization makes a choice on technology, one has to investigate the underlying organizational decision-making processes. The subject of this research is a case study of a government IT project. Data on the decision-making that led to the selection of the IT solution is gathered through elite and specialized interviews of government officials who were involved in the selection. The data collected in the case study supports three conclusions about decision-making for organizational systems: 1.) sociopolitical dynamics constrain the design space, 2.) emergent requirements are likely and 3) organizational systems can have different levels of stakeholders and the levels reflect the power structure within the organization. Finally, general guidelines for conducting decision-making analysis are provided so that data from decision-making activities of other organizations can be collected and analyzed by researchers and practitioners.
Master of Science
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Gonçalves, Caio Márcio 1963. "Abordagem de resolução de problemas complexos orientada aos princípios de processo." [s.n.], 2013. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/257940.

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Orientador: André Munhoz de Argollo Ferrão
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Civil, Arquitetura e Urbanismo
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-24T02:42:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Goncalves_CaioMarcio_D.pdf: 5196417 bytes, checksum: 1b5a11393ecc1446ad09d0f9dc71f419 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013
Resumo: Os métodos, técnicas e abordagens clássicas de identificação e caracterização de problema parecem não satisfazer e responder plena e prontamente aos problemas complexos da sociedade contemporânea. A complexidade dos problemas atuais requer a adoção de ferramentas inovadoras, centradas no problema e não em efeitos ou soluções pré-concebidas. O desenvolvimento da humanidade é um processo empreendedor das sociedades que a compõem e deve estar orientado ao ser humano e seu contexto. Esse escopo enfatiza a noção de processo, da possibilidade, da lógica difusa, do complexo, do transdisciplinar, bem como o emprego de estratégias investigativas, inclusive do tipo pesquisa-ação. O propósito da pesquisa converge para um tipo de engenharia social que visa a definição de elementos estratégicos para a definição de uma abordagem voltada para a real identificação do problema. A "Abordagem de Resolução de Problema Complexo Orientada aos Princípios de Processo" [ARPCOOP] é o resultado da pesquisa e está fundamentada no arcabouço teórico existente sobre resolução de problema e nos princípios da visão de mundo em processo, lançando luzes sobre o problema e não sobre a solução
Abstract: The methods, techniques, and classical approaches for the identification and characterization of a problem does not seem to neither please, nor fully answer the complex problems of contemporary society in a speedy manner. The complexity of today's problems requires the adoption of innovative tools, problem-centered rather than in effects or preconceived solutions. The human development is an entrepreneurial process by the comprising societies, and should be directed to the human being and its context. This scope emphasizes the notion of process, the complex, the trans disciplinary, as well as the use of strategic action research investigations. The purpose of the research converges to a type of social engineering aimed at defining strategic elements to form an approach directed at identifying the real problem. Known as "The Approach to Complex Problem Solving Oriented toward the Principles of Process" [ARPCOOP], the proposal is based on existing theoretical framework of a problem and on the principles of the world view in the process, casting light on the problem and not the solution
Doutorado
Recursos Hidricos, Energeticos e Ambientais
Doutor em Engenharia Civil
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Hasselblad, Annika. "Dynamisk beslutsmodell för leverantörsval vid komplexa leverantörsvalsprocesser : En fallstudie på Logosol ett litet industriföretag." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för informationssystem och -teknologi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-30803.

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Predictive decision theory explains how humans should make decisions in practice given that they are not always perfect rational decision makers. Based on the prescriptive decision theory, this study addresses criticism of universal decision making models for supplier selections which have the notion of being used uniquely in all types of supplier choice situations. Issues raised are whether this performance is correct and how a dynamic decision-making model could create a more customized decision-making model which does not add much responsibility to the decision maker's judgment. A case study at Logosol, a small industrial company identifies by process mapping a complex supplier selection process consisting of three steps; prototype creation, null-series and production, based on test manufacturing. The supplier selection process is used as the basis for the creation of a dynamic decision making model. Dynamic decision-making models have the basic principle of learning from a decision and using that information in the next decision, which is considered useful in the business case as they not only use test manufacturing for product testing but also for collecting information about the supplier. Finally, the created dynamic decision model shows that universal decision-making models cannot be used in many complex supplier selection processes involving a plurality of steps. The model must be adapted to the company's individual process, however the identification method or some parts of the model used in this study may be used to create a dynamic decision model for other companies or organizations.
Preskriptiv beslutsteori säger hur människan borde fatta beslut i praktiken givet att de inte alltid är perfekt rationella beslutsfattare. Utifrån den preskriptiva beslutsteorin riktas i denna studie kritik mot universella beslutsmodeller för leverantörsval vilka har föreställningen om sig att användas kunna användas universellt i alla olika typer av leverantörsvalssituationer. Frågeställningar som väckts är om denna föreställning stämmer, samt hur en dynamisk beslutsmodell skulle kunna skapa en mer anpassad beslutsmodell vilken inte lägger lite mycket ansvar på beslutsfattarens omdöme. Genom en fallstudie hos Logosol ett litet industriföretag identifieras med hjälp av processkartläggning en komplex leverantörsvalsprocess innefattande tre steg; prototypskapande, nollserieskapande samt produktion utifrån testtillverkning. Fallföretagets leverantörsvalsprocess används som grund för skapande av en dynamisk beslutsmodell. Dynamiska beslutsmodeller har den grundläggande principen att medta lärdom från ett beslut in i nästa, vilket anses användbart för fallföretagets leverantörsvalsprocess då dom inte bara använder testtillverkning för test av produkt utan även för insamling av information om leverantören. Studien visar att föreställningen stämmer, den skapade dynamiska beslutsmodellen visar att universella beslutsmodeller inte är särskilt användbara i många komplexa leverantörsvalsprocesser innefattande ett flertal steg. Modellen måste anpassas för företagets individuella process, dock kan identifieringsmetoden eller vissa delar av modellen som använts i denna studie möjligtvis användas för att skapa en dynamisk beslutsmodell för andra företag eller organisationer.
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McLucas, Alan Charles Civil Engineering Australian Defence Force Academy UNSW. "An investigation into the integration of qualitative and quantitative techniques for addressing systemic complexity in the context of organisational strategic decision-making." Awarded by:University of New South Wales - Australian Defence Force Academy. School of Civil Engineering, 2001. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/38744.

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System dynamics modelling has been used for around 40 years to address complex, systemic, dynamic problems, those often described as wicked. But, system dynamics modelling is not an exact science and arguments about the most suitable techniques to use in which circumstances, continues. The nature of these wicked problems is investigated through a series of case studies where poor situational awareness among stakeholders was identified. This was found to be an underlying cause for management failure, suggesting need for better ways of recognising and managing wicked problem situations. Human cognition is considered both as a limitation and enabler to decision-making in wicked problem environments. Naturalistic and deliberate decision-making are reviewed. The thesis identifies the need for integration of qualitative and quantitative techniques. Case study results and a review of the literature led to identification of a set of principles of method to be applied in an integrated framework, the aim being to develop an improved way of addressing wicked problems. These principles were applied to a series of cases in an action research setting. However, organisational and political barriers were encountered. This limited the exploitation and investigation of cases to varying degrees. In response to a need identified in the literature review and the case studies, a tool is designed to facilitate analysis of multi-factorial, non-linear causality. This unique tool and its use to assist in problem conceptualisation, and as an aid to testing alternate strategies, are demonstrated. Further investigation is needed in relation to the veracity of combining causal influences using this tool and system dynamics, broadly. System dynamics modelling was found to have utility needed to support analysis of wicked problems. However, failure in a particular modelling project occurred when it was found necessary to rely on human judgement in estimating values to be input into the models. This was found to be problematic and unacceptably risky for sponsors of the modelling effort. Finally, this work has also identified that further study is required into: the use of human judgement in decision-making and the validity of system dynamics models that rely on the quantification of human judgement.
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Martin, Laura. "Modéliser l'insertion territoriale du Miscanthus x giganteus à partir des décisions des agriculteurs : une approche exploitant le modèle du raisonnement à partir de cas." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0225/document.

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Le Miscanthus x giganteus est une culture pérenne, nouvellement produite en Europe et présentant un intérêt fort pour son usage énergétique. Son implantation présage donc une réorganisation territoriale pérenne. Pour anticiper cette réorganisation, de nombreuses études modélisent les dynamiques spatialement explicites de son insertion. Notre thèse se positionne dans ce courant de recherche. Celle-ci vise à proposer un nouveau cadre de modélisation des processus de décision des agriculteurs, permettant la dissémination horizontale (scaling out) de ces processus issus d’études de cas, vers des territoires élargis. Pour cela, la thèse exploite le modèle du raisonnement à partir de cas. Elle articule (i) une démarche d’acquisition de connaissances sur les processus de décision des agriculteurs relatifs à l’insertion territoriale du miscanthus et (ii) la conception et évaluation d’un prototype ad hoc de raisonnement à partir de cas. La phase d’acquisition des connaissances montre que le processus d’insertion territoriale du miscanthus est complexe : celui-ci est étroitement lié aux contraintes parcellaires du territoire. Ces connaissances nous conduisent alors à discuter du choix des variables biophysiques et humaines intégrées à ce jour dans les modèles spatialement explicites. La phase de conception et d’évaluation du prototype de raisonnement à partir de cas montre que le modèle du raisonnement à partir de cas est particulièrement bien adapté pour modéliser un phénomène contextualisé. Evalués sur nos données d’enquêtes, ces résultats nous conduisent à discuter des modalités d’application du prototype sur d’autres bassins de production de miscanthus
Miscanthus x giganteus is the perennial crop, newly produced in Europe. Even if miscanthus is not so heavily produced nowadays, this crop would be of great interest for energy use. However, the allocation of miscanthus could produce a sustainable reorganization of the landscape. Therefore, many studies aim to model the land use change caused by miscanthus, in order to identify sustainable supply areas: our research belongs to this field. In our research, we propose a new framework for modeling decision-making process of farmers, relying on scaling out. More accurately, we propose to use the case-based reasoning model which solves problems based on an analogical reasoning. Then our research is structured: (i) by a knowledge acquisition step about decision-making process of farmers, based on farm surveys, conducted in the Côte d'Or department (Burgundy region) and (ii) by the design and evaluation of an ad hoc prototype of case-based reasoning. On the one hand, results of knowledge acquisition phase show that miscanthus allocation process is complex, more accurately, that miscanthus allocation process is closely related to land constraints, particularly in terms of logistic and environmental preservation of plots. These results lead us to discuss the selection of biophysical and human variables included to the current spatially explicit models. On the other hand, the design and evaluation phase of our prototype shows that case-based reasoning is particularly well suited to model a contextual phenomenon. These results lead us to discuss the modalities for implementing the prototype in other production areas of miscanthus
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Svenning, Erik. "The Impetuous Voice of Reason : Emotion versus reason in moral decision-making." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för biovetenskap, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-15737.

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This is a review of what the currently dominant theories of moral decision-making are and where they derive from. While the introduction serves as a common ground to explain what moral decision-making is, the earlier parts of the thesis describe older traditionalist theories within the field,  theories of emotional decision-making, in the form of the somatic marker hypothesis, as well as critique of the older traditionalist theories through the social intuitionist model. Both of these two theories are explained as the foundation of the current theories of moral decision-making and after establishing a clear basis on what the currently dominant theories of moral decision-making are built on, said theories are introduced in the form of the dual-processing theory and the event-feature-emotion complexes which are thoroughly reviewed, explained in detail and serves as the core of the text. This is afterward followed by criticism as well as arguments in favor of both theories as well as criticisms from other researchers who disagree with the methodology which the theories of moral decision-making are conducted on. The essay reviews the current state of the field of moral decision-making which has been split up into two different approaches, the locationist approach and the constructionist approach. The essay concludes that there are terms which needs to be clarified in order for the field to move forward and studies to be made regarding the social implications of gut reactions in moral decision-making.
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Books on the topic "Complex decision-Making process"

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Heuvelhof, E. F. ten (Ernst F.) and Veld, R. J. in 't, eds. Process management: Why project management fails in complex decision making processes. 2nd ed. Dordrecht [Netherlands]: Springer, 2010.

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ten, Heuvelhof E. F., and Veld, R. J. in 't., eds. Process management: Why project management fails in complex decision making processes. Boston: Kluwer Academic, 2002.

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Zobnin, Aleksey. Information and analytical work in the state and municipal administration. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/987242.

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The features of information and analytical work in the state and municipal administration bodies of the Russian Federation are revealed. It is shown how the political and managerial process (the cycle of political decision-making) is interconnected with the process of information and analytical activity. Examples of analytical solutions to complex management tasks are given. Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation. For students studying in the areas of training "State and municipal management", "Conflictology", "Documentation and archival science". It can be useful for practicing analysts, state and municipal employees.
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Zhukova, Galina. Mathematical methods for management decisions. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1084987.

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The purpose of this manual is to help students to master basic concepts and research methods used in the theory of optimal control. The foundations of mathematical modeling. Systematic mathematical methods for managerial decision-making in linear, nonlinear and dynamic problems of optimal socio-economic processes. Each section contains numerous examples of the application of these methods to solve applied problems. Much attention is paid to comparison of the proposed methods, a proper choice of study design problems, case studies and analysis of complex situations that arise in the study of these topics theory of decision-making, methods of optimal control. It is recommended that teachers, students and graduate students studying advanced mathematics.
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Saaty, Thomas L. Decision Making for Leaders: The Analytic Hierarchy Process for Decisions in a Complex World. 2nd ed. Rws Pubns, 1988.

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Decision Making for Leaders: The Analytic Hierarchy Process for Decisions in a Complex World, New Edition 2001 (Analytic Hierarchy Process Series, Vol. 2). 3rd ed. RWS Publications, 1999.

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Bruijn, Hans de, Ernst ten Heuvelhof, and Roel J. in 't Veld. Process Management: Why Project Management Fails in Complex Decision Making Processes. Springer, 2002.

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Bruijn, Hans de, Ernst ten Heuvelhof, and Roel in 't Veld. Process Management: Why Project Management Fails in Complex Decision Making Processes. Springer, 2014.

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Lepora, Nathan F. Decision making. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199674923.003.0028.

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Decision making is the process by which alternatives are deliberated and chosen based on the values and goals of the decision maker. In this chapter, we describe recent progress in understanding how living organisms make decisions and the implications for engineering artificial systems with decision-making capabilities. Nature appears to re-use design principles for decision making across a hierarchy of organizational levels, from cells to organisms to entire populations. One common principle is that decision formation is realized by accumulating sensory evidence up to a threshold, approximating the optimal statistical technique of sequential analysis. Sequential analysis has applications spanning from cryptography to clinical drug testing. Artificial perception based on sequential analysis has advanced robot capabilities, enabling robust sensing under uncertainty. Future applications could lead to individual robots, or artificial swarms, that perceive and interact with complex environments with an ease and robustness now achievable only by living organisms.
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Hernández, Ariel Macaspac Macaspac. Strategic Facilitation of Complex Decision-Making: How Process and Context Matter in Global Climate Change Negotiations. Springer, 2016.

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Book chapters on the topic "Complex decision-Making process"

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Latifi, Rifat. "Intraoperative Decision-Making Process in Complex Surgery." In Surgery of Complex Abdominal Wall Defects, 3–6. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-55868-4_1.

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Bennet, Alex, and David Bennet. "The Decision-Making Process in a Complex Situation." In Handbook on Decision Support Systems 1, 3–20. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-48713-5_1.

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Latifi, Rifat, Rainer W. G. Gruessner, and Peter Rhee. "Intraoperative Decision-Making Process: The Art and the Science." In Surgery of Complex Abdominal Wall Defects, 1–3. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6354-2_1.

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Hernández, Ariel Macaspac. "Strategic Facilitation of the Climate Decision Making Process: Leadership and Coordination as Basis for Long-Term Cooperation." In Strategic Facilitation of Complex Decision-Making, 157–76. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-06197-9_8.

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Saaty, Thomas L., and Luis G. Vargas. "Synthesis of Complex Criteria Decision Making: A Case Towards a Consensus Agreement for a Middle East Conflict Resolution." In Decision Making with the Analytic Network Process, 159–84. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7279-7_7.

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Imbert, Jean-Rémy, and Nathan Marguet. "Collaborative Engineering Method for More Electric Aircraft (MEA)—Tradeoffs and Informed Decision-Making Process." In Complex Systems Design & Management, 215–25. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-73539-5_17.

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Díez-Ripollés, José Luis. "Rationality in Criminal Law Making. Rational Decision Making in a Complex Socio-Legislative Process." In Conceptions and Misconceptions of Legislation, 51–80. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-12068-9_3.

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Bell, Geoffrey G., Philip Bromiley, and John Bryson. "Spinning a Complex Web: Links between Strategic Decision Making Context, Content, Process, and Outcome." In Strategic Decisions, 163–78. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-6195-8_11.

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Vovsha, Peter. "Complex Decision-Making Process Underlying Individual Travel Behavior and Its Reflection in Applied Travel Models." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 201–9. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-38227-8_23.

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Konrad, Mirjam, Dana Saez, and Martin Trautz. "Integration of Algorithm-Based Optimization into the Design Process of Industrial Buildings: A Case Study." In Proceedings of the 2021 DigitalFUTURES, 179–88. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5983-6_17.

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AbstractAlgorithm-based optimization is widely applied in many fields like industrial production, resulting in state-of-the-art workflows in the production process optimization. This project takes the cultural lag of conventional industrial architecture design as a motivation to investigate the implementation of algorithm-based optimization into traditional design processes. We argue that an enhanced way of architectural decision-making is possible. Current approaches use a translation of the whole design problem into a single, overly complicated optimization system. Contrary to that, this paper presents a novel workflow that defines precise design steps and applies optimizations only if suitable. Furthermore, this method can generate relevant results for factory planning design problems with contradicting factors, making it a promising approach for the complex challenges of i.e. resource-efficient building.
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Conference papers on the topic "Complex decision-Making process"

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Feeg , Veronica D. "Using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) as a Methodology in Complex Decision-Making." In The International Symposium on the Analytic Hierarchy Process. Creative Decisions Foundation, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.13033/isahp.y1996.082.

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Zhi-Ping Lu and Shan-Lin Yang. "Process of complex group decision-making and its structural model of interactions." In 2010 International Conference on Computer Design and Applications (ICCDA 2010). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccda.2010.5541240.

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Semenov, Valeryi P., Mark M. Khaikin, and Arunas A. Lapinskas. "On Supporting of Decision-Making Process in the Area of Social Services." In 2018 Third International Conference on Human Factors in Complex Technical Systems and Environments (ERGO). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ergo.2018.8443915.

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Tarelko, Wieslaw. "Modelling of Decision-Making Process Relating to Design for Maintainability of Complex Technical Items." In ASME 2008 9th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2008-59517.

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This paper deals with modelling issues of the decision-making process relating to design for maintainability of complex technical items. Especially, we presented the formal notation of a decision-making system, its elements and functions, and general description as well. Moreover, some application examples of design for the maintainability of such complex technical items as the ship power plants are presented. For development of the decision-making system, we applied a concept of the Mestrovic’s general system. Based on this system, we have worked out the computer-aided system called Maintainability Design System for ship power plants.
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Oztaysi, Basar, and rem Ucal. "Comparison of a Dozen AHP Techniques For Global Vectors in Multiperson Decision Making and Complex Hierarchy." In The International Symposium on the Analytic Hierarchy Process. Creative Decisions Foundation, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.13033/isahp.y2009.036.

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Skyrius, Rimvydas. "Business Decision Making." In 2001 Informing Science Conference. Informing Science Institute, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/2368.

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Significant recent research in the decision support area has been concentrating on the human side of the person-technology relation. Knowledge, perceptions, beliefs and experiences have been researched in a number of works. The author has used individual interviews with business decision makers to find out their attitudes towards factors influencing the quality of business decisions. The issues discussed included features of actual right and wrong decisions, role of information sources and analytical tools, factors influencing creativity, and the role of information technology. The findings have shown that in the decision making process, available knowledge is used and new knowledge is created, and these processes are preferred to be supported by simple yet efficient support tools. The information environment surrounding business activities is getting increasingly complex. The important reasons for this complexity are: growing volumes of information of potential relevance to certain business activities; increasing number of sources of such information; and multiplying technologies for handling data and information. This is particularly true for decision making which has to encompass all relevant data, information and decision maker's knowledge to make quality decisions. Alongside with technologies for handling data and information, lately much attention has been given to knowledge management (KM) models and relations between data, information and knowledge. In knowledge-intensive activities, such as decision support, these relationships are important in terms of efficient utilisation of information resources, and especially those supported and facilitated by IT with its present capabilities. The aim of this paper is to take a look at the relations between data, information and knowledge in the context of managerial decision making, and professional learning and experience. These issues are discussed on the basis of surveys and interviews, conducted among small and medium enterprise (SME) decision makers in Lithuania in 1997-1999. The key questions of the survey have been: how important IT has become for management activities, regarding in the first place decision support, and how does it affect creativity and knowledge development. The synergy between technology and the user has been recognized to work in the areas such as using existing experiences and creating new ones on a problem and decision; working out the decision schema; stimulating creativity; capturing the details and specifics of the decision process for further uses. While IT is and can be efficiently used to manage data and information, the actual use of what is in decision support environment sometimes called stored knowledge - preprogrammed procedures for certain types of situations, sets of models, reusable queries - is rather limited. Instead, the survey has shown that decision makers prefer relatively simple tools and techniques that allow them to perform iterative buildup of decision support points towards a sufficient set to make a decision. Under a problem situation, existing practices are repeatedly tested. In the process, new associations and mental models may appear, expanding existing knowledge as well as creating new knowledge. The responses have shown that the presence of simple yet efficient decision support tools is welcome by the decision makers as having a potential to gain more with less - to provide more confidence and insurance from fatal decision mistakes, at the same time reducing the need to do extensive training, radically change existing beliefs or invest heavily into sophisticated technologies. In addition, such tools serve as support for managerial learning process and knowledge exchange, especially in the process of creativity stimulation where analogies, real-life and hypothetical situations, brainstorming and bias elimination techniques are used.
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Fallin, T. Wade, and Deborah L. Thurston. "Decision Decomposition for the Lifecycle of the Design Process." In ASME 1994 Design Technical Conferences collocated with the ASME 1994 International Computers in Engineering Conference and Exhibition and the ASME 1994 8th Annual Database Symposium. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc1994-0149.

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Abstract Expanding design analysis to include lifecycle considerations makes design decision making more complex. This paper presents a methodology for structuring the lifecycle of the design decision making process itself in order to efficiently utilize designers’ time. The first step involves organizing performance objectives and decision variables into a hierarchical matrix structure defining the design space. Then, vertex partitioning is performed on a graph representation of the design space to delineate distinct stages where only a subset of decision variables are analyzed. An example of the parametric design of an artificial hip illustrates the methodology.
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Zhang, Quanquan, Wenan Tan, and Yong Sun. "Parallel computing method for complex emergency systems based on multi-objective decision-making with analytic hierarchy process." In 2015 IEEE 19th International Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work in Design (CSCWD). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cscwd.2015.7231021.

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Fukuda, Shuichi. "Engineering Decision Making in an Open Age." In ASME 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2013-63625.

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In an age of diversification and changes, a new framework for decision making for a team is required. As growing complexity and diversification call for team members from a wide variety of areas, a decision cannot be made one-time as it used to be and it must be reached by trials and errors step by step. Such dynamic decision making has to convince members at each step by providing different perspectives for each member to understand the line of reasoning, and must allow lazy evaluation, because some members cannot understand what pieces of knowledge and experience are called for until later step, when clearer perspective is available. Steps proceed by satisfying at least one member. If it fails, then it backtracks to the previous step until it satisfies one more member. This process is repeated until all members are satisfied. Artificial Intelligence allows such trial and error decision making to make all members feel satisfied. The usefulness of this approach is demonstrated by applying developed WPS producing tool to many applications in industry. And it is believed this DDM tool will be very useful for decision making in other areas, too, where systems are very complex and diverse.
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Wray, Kyle Hollins, Stefan J. Witwicki, and Shlomo Zilberstein. "Online Decision-Making for Scalable Autonomous Systems." In Twenty-Sixth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2017/664.

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We present a general formal model called MODIA that can tackle a central challenge for autonomous vehicles (AVs), namely the ability to interact with an unspecified, large number of world entities. In MODIA, a collection of possible decision-problems (DPs), known a priori, are instantiated online and executed as decision-components (DCs), unknown a priori. To combine their individual action recommendations of the DCs into a single action, we propose the lexicographic executor action function (LEAF) mechanism. We analyze the complexity of MODIA and establish LEAF’s relation to regret minimization. Finally, we implement MODIA and LEAF using collections of partially observable Markov decision process (POMDP) DPs, and use them for complex AV intersection decision-making. We evaluate the approach in six scenarios within an industry-standard vehicle simulator, and present its use on an AV prototype.
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