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Journal articles on the topic 'Complex decision-Making process'
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Shedid, Daniel, and Edward C. Benzel. "DECISION MAKING PROCESS." Neurosurgery 60, suppl_1 (January 1, 2007): S1–166—S1–169. http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/01.neu.0000249279.79686.e3.
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Abstract CLINICAL PROBLEMS ARE often complex. Problems of great complexity are usually associated with a commensurately greater degree of difficulty with respect to the decision making process. This is most certainly true regarding the management of cervical spondylosis. Usually, clinicians make clinically appropriate decisions. However, more often than realized, suboptimal decisions may be made. Therefore, an assessment of the types of errors regarding clinical decision making are worthy of consideration. In this article, a scheme for decision making regarding the management of cervical spondylosis is presented.
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Massaro, Davide, Ilaria Castelli, Federico Manzi, Elisabetta Lombardi, and Antonella Marchetti. "Decision Making as a Complex Psychological Process." Bildung und Erziehung 70, no. 1 (May 24, 2017): 17–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.7788/bue-2017-0104.
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ŚCIBIOREK, Zbigniew. "CONDITIONS OF THE DECISION - MAKING PROCESS." Journal of Science of the Gen. Tadeusz Kosciuszko Military Academy of Land Forces 186, no. 4 (October 2, 2017): 249–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.7232.
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In the article it has been emphasized, without analyzing the problematic situation, that making decision is becoming an increasingly complex process. This is influenced by many factors, mainly the dynamism of changes taking place and the significant impact of the environment. Information is essential to take correct and effective decisions. It is not always certain (reliable). Uncertainty and risk accompany decision makers and the point is that the decisions are adequate to the ensuing situation and create realistic determinants for achieving objectives – the implementation of the planned tasks. Interdisciplinary knowledge and high competences of persons making resolutions of complex decision problems are indispensable.
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Armstrong, S., and P. Hoskin. "Complex Clinical Decision-Making Process of Re-Irradiation." Clinical Oncology 32, no. 11 (November 2020): 688–703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clon.2020.07.023.
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Zhang, Jia, Xiang Wang, Fang Deng, Bin Xin, and Wenjie Chen. "Battlefield Agent Decision-Making Based on Markov Decision Process." Journal of Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics 21, no. 2 (March 15, 2017): 221–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jaciii.2017.p0221.
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Battlefield decision-making is an important part of modern information warfare. It can analyze and integrate battlefield information, reduce operators’ work and assist them to make decisions quickly in complex battlefield environment. The paper presents a dynamic battlefield decision-making method based on Markov Decision Processes (MDP). By this method, operators can get decision support quickly in the case of incomplete information. In order to improve the credibility of decisions, dynamic adaptability and intelligence, softmax regression and random forest are introduced to improve the MDP model. Simulations show that the method is intuitive and practical, and has remarkable advantages in solving the dynamic decision problems under incomplete information.
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Benfield, Angela, and Robert B. Krueger. "Making Decision-Making Visible—Teaching the Process of Evaluating Interventions." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 7 (March 31, 2021): 3635. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18073635.
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Significant efforts in the past decades to teach evidence-based practice (EBP) implementation has emphasized increasing knowledge of EBP and developing interventions to support adoption to practice. These efforts have resulted in only limited sustained improvements in the daily use of evidence-based interventions in clinical practice in most health professions. Many new interventions with limited evidence of effectiveness are readily adopted each year—indicating openness to change is not the problem. The selection of an intervention is the outcome of an elaborate and complex cognitive process, which is shaped by how they represent the problem in their mind and is mostly invisible processes to others. Therefore, the complex thinking process that support appropriate adoption of interventions should be taught more explicitly. Making the process visible to clinicians increases the acquisition of the skills required to judiciously select one intervention over others. The purpose of this paper is to provide a review of the selection process and the critical analysis that is required to appropriately decide to trial or not trial new intervention strategies with patients.
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Galo, Agerti. "Analytical Hierarchy Process as a Decision-Making Model." European Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies 4, no. 2 (January 21, 2017): 106. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejms.v4i2.p106-112.
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When the problems we face are complex and affect each other, then the decision making process is more difficult. In most cases we apply established policies or choices without knowing which the best choice is. To make appropriate decisions that can solve the problems encountered should be analyzed very well the reasons that create problems and their reciprocal influence. AHP helps the decision of the people who will decide the problem by taking a hierarchical structure evaluation, opinions, experiences and all information about this problem. This flexible structure enables analytical feelings and instincts to organize and align with a shape that resembles human logic. Thus this analytical flexible structure, allowing to adjust the paper instead of the mind, gives people the opportunity to intervene in the most difficult problems and complex.
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Schweiger, David M., Carl R. Anderson, and Edwin A. Locke. "Complex decision making: A longitudinal study of process and performance." Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes 36, no. 2 (October 1985): 245–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0749-5978(85)90015-9.
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Rudge, B. A. "Decision-Making in Anaesthesia." Anaesthesia and Intensive Care 23, no. 5 (October 1995): 597–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0310057x9502300512.
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Anaesthetists work as part of a process and deal with complex situations in their daily work. Considerable effort is put into training anaesthetists, but little has been done either in research or improving awareness of the intangible components of the anaesthesia system that affect safety, such as decision-making. The purpose of this article is to apply the principles of decision-making to anaesthesia practice.
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YUKALOV, V. I., and D. SORNETTE. "SELF-ORGANIZATION IN COMPLEX SYSTEMS AS DECISION MAKING." Advances in Complex Systems 17, no. 03n04 (July 2014): 1450016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219525914500167.
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The idea is advanced that self-organization in complex systems can be treated as decision making (as it is performed by humans) and, vice versa, decision making is nothing but a kind of self-organization in the decision maker nervous systems. A mathematical formulation is suggested based on the definition of probabilities of system states, whose particular cases characterize the probabilities of structures, patterns, scenarios, or prospects. In this general framework, it is shown that the mathematical structures of self-organization and of decision making are identical. This makes it clear how self-organization can be seen as an endogenous decision making process and, reciprocally, decision making occurs via an endogenous self-organization. The approach is illustrated by phase transitions in large statistical systems, crossovers in small statistical systems, evolutions and revolutions in social and biological systems, structural self-organization in dynamical systems, and by the probabilistic formulation of classical and behavioral decision theories. In all these cases, self-organization is described as the process of evaluating the probabilities of macroscopic states or prospects in the search for a state with the largest probability. The general way of deriving the probability measure for classical systems is the principle of minimal information, that is, the conditional entropy maximization under given constraints. Behavioral biases of decision makers can be characterized in the same way as analogous to quantum fluctuations in natural systems.
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Vainio, Terttu. "Complex Decision-making Process of the Public Sector: Case Tampere Rantaväylä." Procedia Economics and Finance 21 (2015): 104–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s2212-5671(15)00156-2.
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Stalnikowicz, Ruth, and Mayer Brezis. "Meaningful shared decision‐making: complex process demanding cognitive and emotional skills." Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 26, no. 2 (April 2020): 431–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jep.13349.
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Nikulin, Christopher, Paulina Solis, and Mónica López-Campos. "A Methodology to Improve the Decision-Making Process." International Journal of Knowledge and Systems Science 9, no. 1 (January 2018): 59–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijkss.2018010104.
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The modeling approach is relevant to support the decision-making process. Modeling requires a structured approach, knowledge and specific analytical skills in order to obtain an appropriate representation of the situation under analysis. Nevertheless, creating a good representation of the reality is not a simple task; it is not trivial to choose an analysis approach since most of decision-makers could have partial lacks information during the different stages of the modeling process. Considering this, we propose a methodology to support the decision-making process by using a novel structured integration of different quantitative and qualitative tools, such as system dynamics, decision theory and the theory of inventive problem solving (TRIZ), in order to simplify the modeling process in complex analysis. A case study attempts to illustrate the application of the methodology in a real problem situation, related to the analysis of disasters within the boundaries of Valparaíso City, specifically fires.
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Aggarwal, Sakshi, and Shrddha Sagar. "An Analytical Approach for Decision-Making." JOIV : International Journal on Informatics Visualization 2, no. 3 (April 20, 2018): 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.30630/joiv.2.3.123.
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In this complex world, coping with daily problems is quite tedious. The more advancement in technology means more difficulties in decision-making process. Hence some analytical tools are needed to deal with improvement in decisions being made. A classic AHP model enables us to make efficient decision by reducing the complex issues. It takes multiple parameters into consideration. One of the area where decision-making is quite a tough job is Politics. Selection of the electoral party in any elections, be it Lok Sabha elections or Rajya Sabha elections, has been a matter of discussion for the voters as well as the media. The decisions are reflected when uncertainties are added in the opinions of the domain experts due to multiple parameters. In this paper we have proposed a model for rectifying the uncertainties using multi criteria decision analysis and analytic hierarchy process (AHP).
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Parayitam, Satyanarayana, and Chris Papenhausen. "Strategic decision-making." Management Research Review 41, no. 1 (January 15, 2018): 2–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mrr-12-2016-0285.
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Purpose This paper aims to investigate the effect of cooperative conflict management on agreement-seeking behavior, agreement-seeking behavior on decision outcomes, moderating role of competence-based trust on the relationship between agreement-seeking behavior and decision outcomes, and mediating role of agreement-seeking behavior between cooperative conflict management and decision outcomes. Design/methodology/approach Using a structured survey instrument, this paper gathered data from 348 students enrolled in a strategic management capstone course that features strategic decision-making in a simulated business strategy game. The data from 94 teams were collected from the student population using a carefully administered instrument. The data were aggregated after running the inter-rater agreement test and the analyzed to test the hypotheses. Findings The results from the hierarchical regression of the complex moderated mediation model reveal that cooperative conflict management is positively related to agreement-seeking behavior, and agreement-seeking behavior mediates the relationship between cooperative conflict management and decision outcomes. The results also suggest that competence-based trust acts as a moderator in the relationship between agreement-seeking behavior and decision quality; agreement-seeking behavior and team effectiveness, and agreement-seeking behavior and decision commitment. Results also support mediation of agreement-seeking behavior between cooperative conflict management and decision outcomes. Research limitations/implications The present research is based on self-report measures, and hence, the limitations of social desirability bias and common method bias are inherent. However, adequate care is taken to minimize these limitations. The research has implications for the strategic decision-making process literature. Practical implications In addition to the strategic management literature, this study contributes to practicing managers. The study suggests that competence-based trust plays a vital role in decision effectiveness. Administrators need to select the members in the decision-making process who have competence-based trust on one another and engage in agreement-seeking behavior. Social implications The findings from the study help in creating a fruitful social environment in organizations. Originality/value This study provides new insights about the previously unknown effects of cooperative conflict management and agreement-seeking behavior in strategic decision-making process.
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Senjaya, Ferry. "Decision Making in Peripheral Nerve Injury." Neurologico Spinale Medico Chirurgico 1, no. 2 (August 7, 2018): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.15562/nsmc.v1i2.111.
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The decision making process during diagnosis and treatment of a peripheral nerve injury can be complex at times. The nature and cause of nerve injury, its location, and its severity require very distinct decisions with regards to timing and intervention chosen. For good decision-making, a good knowledge of the pathophysiological conditions of peripheral nerve and its response to injury is paramount.In this article, the decision-making process related to pre-operative, intra-operative, and post-operative periods are discussed.
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Kreeger, Pamela K., Laura E. Strong, and Kristyn S. Masters. "Engineering Approaches to Study Cellular Decision Making." Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering 20, no. 1 (June 4, 2018): 49–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-bioeng-062117-121011.
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In their native environment, cells are immersed in a complex milieu of biochemical and biophysical cues. These cues may include growth factors, the extracellular matrix, cell–cell contacts, stiffness, and topography, and they are responsible for regulating cellular behaviors such as adhesion, proliferation, migration, apoptosis, and differentiation. The decision-making process used to convert these extracellular inputs into actions is highly complex and sensitive to changes both in the type of individual cue (e.g., growth factor dose/level, timing) and in how these individual cues are combined (e.g., homotypic/heterotypic combinations). In this review, we highlight recent advances in the development of engineering-based approaches to study the cellular decision-making process. Specifically, we discuss the use of biomaterial platforms that enable controlled and tailored delivery of individual and combined cues, as well as the application of computational modeling to analyses of the complex cellular decision-making networks.
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Sandul, G. O., O. G. Sandul, and A. O. Bulgakov. "On the Nuclear Decision-Making Theory." Nuclear and Radiation Safety, no. 4(80) (December 3, 2018): 58–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.32918/nrs.2018.4(80).10.
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The study is devoted to the decision-making theory, its philosophical foundations and certain algorithms of practical activities. The paper is focused on activities in the field of nuclear industry.
The functioning of a technologically complex and large enterprise, for example, a nuclear power plant, is impossible without a complex management system, and the decision-making process is one of its elements. This paper is the primary description of the topic and its goal is to formulate approaches to several questions: why do we need a decision-making theory in general, how do we evaluate the correctness of an already made decision.
The significance of mathematical calculations in decision-making theory is described. The paper defines the basic terms that are used or will be used in the future, such as: methodology, technology, process, risk, human factor. The theoretical (philosophical) foundations that formed the basis of the decision-making doctrine are described, an attempt is made to answer the question why it is needed and by whom this theory is used and for what purpose. The connection between decision-making with the human factor is formulated. The distinction between the concepts of “decision” (as already existing) and “making decision” (as a complex process, a system of management actions, forecasting options and choosing between them) is described.
Certain procedures are presented in the implementation of the decisionmaking process in order to show possible approaches, stages and decisionmaking techniques, as well as the readiness to implement a specific solution. The dependence (efficiency) of the management organization on the decisions made and their implementation is indicated. Besides, the paper sets forth the logic of making the “right” decisions based on “information”.
The authors conclude about the importance of applying the decisionmaking theory during the safety analysis and predicting the likely extreme situations at nuclear power facilities and the need to continuously improve the management structures.
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Jahanzeb, Agha, and Saif-ur-Rehman . "Implication of Behavioral Finance in Investment Decision-making Process." Information Management and Business Review 4, no. 10 (October 15, 2012): 532–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/imbr.v4i10.1009.
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Behavioral finance is a structure that supplements some parts of standard finance and replaces other parts. It portrays the behavior of investors and management in decision-making; it illustrates the outcomes of interactions between investors and managers in financial and capital markets. As decisionmaking is an art to undertake complex situations and investors make irrational decisions during their investments. Therefore, it is a unique art to choose a certain alternative from various alternatives available. Although behavioral finance does not claim that every investor would suffer from similar illusion, instead it sheds light on to take necessary initiatives to avoid such illusions, which influence the process of decision-making, particularly while making investments.
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Noskievicova, Darja. "APSS – Software Support for Decision Making in Statistical Process Control." Quality Innovation Prosperity 22, no. 3 (November 30, 2018): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.12776/qip.v22i3.1141.
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<p><strong>Purpose:</strong> SPC can be defined as the problem solving process incorporating many separate decisions including selection of the control chart based on the verification of the data presumptions. There is no professional statistical software which enables to make such decisions in a complex way.</p><p><strong>Methodology/Approach:</strong> There are many excellent professional statistical programs but without complex methodology for selection of the best control chart. Proposed program in Excel APSS (Analysis of the Process Statistical Stability) solves this problem and also offers additional learning functions.</p><p><strong>Findings:</strong> The created SW enables to link altogether separate functions of selected professional statistical programs (data presumption verification, control charts construction and interpretation) and supports active learning in this field.</p><p><strong>Research Limitation/implication: </strong>The proposed SW can be applied to control charts covered by SW Statgraphics Centurion and Minitab. But there is no problem to modify it for other professional statistical SW.</p><strong>Originality/Value of paper: </strong>The paper prezents the original SW created in the frame of the research activities at the Department of Quality Management of FMT, VŠB-TUO, Czech Republic. SW enables to link altogether separate functions of the professional statistical SW needed for the complex realization of statitical process control and it is very strong tool for the active learning of statistical process control tasks.
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Benali, Mohammed, Abdessamed Réda Ghomari, Leila Zemmouchi-Ghomari, and Mohammed Lazar. "Crowdsourcing-Enabled Crisis Collaborative Decision Making." International Journal of e-Collaboration 16, no. 3 (July 2020): 49–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijec.2020070104.
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Crisis events put crisis response organizations in a unique and complex situation that requires critical real-time distributed decision-making so that lives and properties are saved and protected. With the growing development of collaborative technologies, citizen participation to the crisis management process has shifted from the passive one-way contribution of social networking data to a more active participation by performing specific tasks related to crisis data processing. This article presents a comprehensive approach for integrating the crowdsourcing process to the collaborative decisional process in crisis situations. Within the approach three aspects are highlighted: the coordination work that exists between the relevant stakeholders in making collective decisions, the modeling of case dependent activities within the decisional process, and the detailed modeling of decision-related tasks. The authors investigate the applicability of the proposal with a real-world case study of the Desert Locust Plague carried out in the Algerian National Institute of Plant Protection.
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MOSTASHARI, ALI, and JOSEPH SUSSMAN. "STAKEHOLDER-ASSISTED MODELLING AND POLICY DESIGN PROCESS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL DECISION-MAKING." Journal of Environmental Assessment Policy and Management 07, no. 03 (September 2005): 355–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1464333205002110.
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Environmental planning and policy analysis, design and implementation are complicated by the fact that environmental problems are almost always part of a complex sociotechnical system, the behaviour of which is not intuitive. The complexity of the problem necessitates a technical and scientific analysis process, which by its nature excludes the majority of the stakeholders in the given problem. To overcome these challenges, this research proposes the engagement of stakeholders from very early on in the process using computer-assisted visualisation and representation of complex sociotechnical systems. Specifically it proposed the use of system dynamics simulation in illustrating the complex interactions of the different sociotechnical system elements. Using computer simulation of the system, stakeholders can then decide on the best strategies to address the issue on a more objective basis. Ubiquitous computing enables the assessment of a vast number of strategies in a relatively short time.
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Oueslati, Salah. "U.S. Foreign Policy and the Complex Factors in the Decision-Making Process." Society 51, no. 5 (August 19, 2014): 472–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12115-014-9813-y.
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Rao, Indu Ramachandra, Nandini Vallath, YJ Anupama, Krishan Lal Gupta, and Krithika S. Rao. "Decision-making around Commencing Dialysis." Indian Journal of Palliative Care 27 (May 30, 2021): S6—S10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ijpc.ijpc_61_21.
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The decision regarding dialysis initiation is complex. Awareness that renal replacement therapy should not be regarded as default therapy for every patient with advanced renal failure is necessary. Decision to initiate dialysis and modality should be individualized in a shared decision-making process involving the treating nephrologist and the patient. Patients should receive predialysis education early in the course of chronic kidney disease so as to help prepare them well in advance for this eventuality. Withholding dialysis may be a reasonable option in a certain subset of patients, especially elderly patient with multiple co-morbid illnesses. Comprehensive conservation care should be offered in all patients where the decision to not dialyze is taken.
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ALVES, CARINA, and ANTHONY FINKELSTEIN. "INVESTIGATING CONFLICTS IN COTS DECISION-MAKING." International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering 13, no. 05 (October 2003): 473–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218194003001408.
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The development of COTS-based systems largely depends on the success of the selection process. This activity encompasses the evaluation of COTS packages against customer requirements, so that it is necessary to perform a complex decision-making process to select the most suitable package. We argue that analysing the matching between features and requirements is a core task of COTS decision-making. In particular, it is very likely that mismatches occur, as COTS are designed to meet very general requirements rather than specific needs. In this paper, we investigate the different types of conflicts that can arise from these mismatches. We propose a goal driven framework to deal with such conflicts. We demonstrate the approach with the mail server case study.
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Chi, John J. "Reflections on Shared Decision Making." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 159, no. 5 (July 31, 2018): 809–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0194599818792212.
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Decisions about medical and surgical treatment can be complex—even for health care providers, who can struggle with which treatment option to offer their patients. In the current landscape of patient-centric value-based health care, the need for appropriate medical decision making to maximize treatment outcomes is evermore important. Shared decision making is a process in which clinicians and patients make decisions together using the best available evidence while accounting for the patients’ values and beliefs. A patient-centered approach has been associated with improved patient satisfaction, clinical outcomes, and patient adherence to treatment. Only by taking a collaborative care approach among patients, physicians, and caregivers can we hope to deliver the best possible care and improve our outcomes for each and every patient.
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Simmons, M. B., and P. M. Gooding. "Spot the difference: shared decision-making and supported decision-making in mental health." Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine 34, no. 4 (October 23, 2017): 275–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ipm.2017.59.
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Respecting a person’s choices about the mental health services they do or do not use is a mark of quality support, and is often pursued for moral reasons, as a rights imperative and to improve outcomes. Yet, providing information and assistance for people making decisions about the mental health services can be a complex process, and has been approached in various ways. Two prominent approaches to this end are ‘shared decision-making’ and ‘supported decision-making’. This article considers each of these approaches, discussing points of similarity and difference and considering how the two might complement one another. By exploring the contribution that each approach can make, we conclude by proposing how future application of these approaches can account for the broader context of decisions, including support for ongoing decision-making; the multitude of service settings where decision-making occurs; and the diversity in supportive practices required to promote active involvement.
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Mao, Xuezhang, Jinghua Li, Boxin Yang, and Hui Guo. "Research on Collaborative Order Decision-Making Method for Symmetric Participants in Complex Shipbuilding Projects." Symmetry 13, no. 7 (July 20, 2021): 1305. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym13071305.
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More extensive enterprise cooperation is an effective means to increase the competitiveness of shipbuilding companies in the current distributed manufacturing environment. Most cross-enterprise collaborative processes for shipbuilding projects have been widely concerned. However, the symmetry and cooperativity among the order decision-making process is rarely involved. A key issue for decision makers is to balance the interests of each symmetric participant and realize the consistent decision-making for the order. Existing order decision-making methods in the shipbuilding industry are low efficiency. The aim of this paper is to provide an assistant decision-making method to support effective order decision-making and multi-party cooperation for the multi-wining negotiation objectives. To solve this problem, a collaborative order decision-making framework based on decision support system (DSS) and multi-agent system (MAS) theory is presented, simulating the collaborative order decision-making process, and bridging the order decision-making with production scheduling. Then, a multi-stage negotiation method is provided to solve the distributed and symmetric order decision-making problem, and an illustrative example is conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness and rationality of the methods. Finally, an application case using a prototype system will be reported as a result.
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Schwab, Leila, Stefan Gold, Nathan Kunz, and Gerald Reiner. "Sustainable business growth: exploring operations decision-making." Journal of Global Responsibility 8, no. 1 (May 8, 2017): 83–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jgr-11-2016-0031.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore how operations decision-making may keep the growing firms within the boundaries of corporate and societal sustainability. Design/methodology/approach The authors classify operations decisions during growth periods according to the three dimensions of the triple bottom line (economic, social and environmental). By means of a longitudinal case study of a family-owned wood construction firm that is in a process of intense growth, the authors identify, visually represent and analyse the complex sequences of selected managerial operations decisions. Findings The empirical data suggest that operations decisions made by managers during growth periods follow specific patterns. From the analysis, the authors derive various research propositions that investigate how a well-understood and therefore efficient and effective decision-making process can facilitate sustainable business growth. Research limitations/implications The findings offer opportunities for future studies to zoom in on specific parts of the decision-making process during growth periods. Moreover, given the exploratory nature of this study, future research should test hypotheses derived from the research propositions. Practical implications This study investigates operations decision-making during growth, which is crucial for guiding companies through this complex transition phase. Originality/value This conceptual and empirical analysis explores new theory and contributes to the vastly under-researched subject of sustainable business growth.
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Siyam, Ghadir, Mariely Salgueiro, and John Kennedy. "DECISION QUALITY IN COMPLEX PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT: REFLECTIONS ON A CASE STUDY." Proceedings of the Design Society 1 (July 27, 2021): 861–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/pds.2021.86.
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AbstractConceptual design projects are increasingly known as an intense decision-making process. Much of the decision-making is comparing the degree of preference between choices. In the complex projects of the upstream business of oil and gas, good decisions are crucial for success. Decisions are typically made within a dynamic environment, wide range of uncertainty, and have to account for the asset life cycle. This paper reflects on the application of the decision quality framework with a focus on decision modelling. Using an industrial example, a systematic approach to visualise and improve decision making process is proposed. The approach applies a Dependency Structure Matrix (DSM) and Decision Quality frameworks and identified opportunities for future research.
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Bachkirov, Alexandre A. "Managerial decision making under specific emotions." Journal of Managerial Psychology 30, no. 7 (September 14, 2015): 861–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jmp-02-2013-0071.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate decision-processing effects of incidental emotions in managerial decision-making situations. Design/methodology/approach – A complex multi-attribute, multi-alternative decision task related to international human resources management is used as a research vehicle. The data are obtained by means of an electronic information board. Findings – Happiness and anger cause the decision maker to process less decision-relevant information, whereas fear activates more detail-oriented processing. The results are explained within the valence model and cognitive-appraisal framework. Research limitations/implications – A boundary condition of the study is the level of induced emotions. Processing effects of extremely high levels of emotions are not examined, which necessarily limits the generalizability of the findings. Also, the experiment focusses on the decision-processing effects of single isolated emotions extracted by manipulations; future research needs to examine decision-making implications of an entire emotion episode, which is likely to contain emotion mixtures. Practical implications – For managers, this study demonstrates the importance of being mindful of how incidental emotional states can bias choice processing in complex managerial decisions. Originality/value – This study extends earlier organizational research by focussing on decision-making consequences of emotion, rather than those of mood or stress. It brings together research on incidental emotions and process-tracing methodologies, thereby allowing for more direct assessment of the observed effects. Decision-processing consequences of emotion are shown to persist throughout a content-rich managerial decision task without being neutralized by an intensive cognitive engagement.
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Cayeux, Eric, Benoît Daireaux, Adrian Ambrus, Rodica Mihai, and Liv Carlsen. "Autonomous Decision-Making While Drilling." Energies 14, no. 4 (February 12, 2021): 969. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14040969.
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The drilling process is complex because unexpected situations may occur at any time. Furthermore, the drilling system is extremely long and slender, therefore prone to vibrations and often being dominated by long transient periods. Adding the fact that measurements are not well distributed along the drilling system, with the majority of real-time measurements only available at the top side and having only access to very sparse data from downhole, the drilling process is poorly observed therefore making it difficult to use standard control methods. Therefore, to achieve completely autonomous drilling operations, it is necessary to utilize a method that is capable of estimating the internal state of the drilling system from parsimonious information while being able to make decisions that will keep the operation safe but effective. A solution enabling autonomous decision-making while drilling has been developed. It relies on an optimization of the time to reach the section total depth (TD). The estimated time to reach the section TD is decomposed into the effective time spent in conducting the drilling operation and the likely time lost to solve unexpected drilling events. This optimization problem is solved by using a Markov decision process method. Several example scenarios have been run in a virtual rig environment to test the validity of the concept. It is found that the system is capable to adapt itself to various drilling conditions, as for example being aggressive when the operation runs smoothly and the estimated uncertainty of the internal states is low, but also more cautious when the downhole drilling conditions deteriorate or when observations tend to indicate more erratic behavior, which is often observed prior to a drilling event.
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Drnevich, Paul L., Thomas H. Brush, and Alok Chaturvedi. "Examining the Implications of Process and Choice for." International Journal of Decision Support System Technology 2, no. 3 (July 2010): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jdsst.2010070101.
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Most strategic decision-making (SDM) approaches advocate the importance of decision-making processes and response choices for obtaining effective outcomes. Modern decision-making support system (DMSS) technology is often also needed for complex SDM, with recent research calling for more integrative DMSS approaches. However, scholars tend to take disintegrated approaches and disagree on whether rational or political decision-making processes result in more effective decision outcomes. In this study, the authors examine these issues by first exploring some of the competing theoretical arguments for the process-choice-effectiveness relationship, and then test these relationships empirically using data from a crisis response training exercise using an intelligent agent-based DMSS. In contrast to prior research, findings indicate that rational decision processes are not effective in crisis contexts, and that political decision processes may negatively influence both response choice and decision effectiveness. These results offer empirical evidence to confirm prior unsupported arguments that response choice is an important mediating factor between the decision-making process and its effectiveness. The authors conclude with a discussion of the implications of these findings and the application of agent-based simulation DMSS technologies for academic research and practice.
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Sharp, Helen M. "Ethical Decision-Making in Interdisciplinary Team Care." Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal 32, no. 6 (November 1995): 495–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1597/1545-1569_1995_032_0495_edmiit_2.3.co_2.
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Most clinical and ethical decisions are made between a patient and his or her physician. However, patients with complex or chronic medical problems are often cared for by a team of professionals from multiple disciplines. Little is known about the process of making ethical decisions between patients and teams of health care providers. The purposes of this article are to examine the process of collective decision-making in interdisciplinary patient care, to present a model for clinical and ethical decision-making, and finally, to discuss ethical decisionmaking in team care. The benefits and potential risks of interdisciplinary care are discussed and illustrated with case examples. Cleft palate and craniofacial teams are used as a model of interdisciplinary team care.
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Gao, Ya Shuang, Mark P. Taylor, John J. J. Chen, and Michael J. Hautus. "Operational and Control Decision Making in Aluminium Smelters." Advanced Materials Research 201-203 (February 2011): 1632–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.201-203.1632.
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In aluminium smelters, the operational staffs constantly face decision making situations for operation and process control and these decisions can have significant impact on the process. The smelting process involves highly complex mechanisms and has rich information but low observability. In this environment, without support tools, systematic information management, or robust control models, decision making is challenging. This paper discusses different types of decision making processes and demonstrates that naturalistic decision making models (Recognition-Primed Decision Making, ie RPD) are more suitable to describe the situations in smelters. A model which combines an advanced control model, a system and human interactive approach and the thinking process in RPD is proposed to improve the quality of decisions for the operational staffs in smelters, hence the efficiency and productivity of the process.
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Leleur, Steen. "Systemic Planning (SP): A Generic Framework for Complex Decision Making." Acta Europeana Systemica 8 (July 10, 2020): 263–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.14428/aes.v8i1.56443.
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The generic framework for planning and decision support presented in this paper and referred to as systemic planning (SP) is the result of research work carried out by the Decision Modelling Group at the Technical University of Denmark (DTU). More specifically, SP theory and methodology development has interchanged with practical application and testing of SP in a number of cases. SP is based on combining and operationalising five different systems thinking approaches: functional, interpretive, emancipatory, post-modern and complexity-oriented that are seen to span current systems thinking. These approaches are behind five formulated modes of enquiry (MOEs) that make up some of the iteratively interwoven steps in a formulated SP process, which is assisted by a study-specific subset of methods. These are selected from a toolbox of seven soft (qualitative) and seven hard (quantitative) operations research (OR) methods. The paper is disposed as follows: After an introduction that outlines the five systems thinking approaches and their MOEs, the paper presents SP in an overview as concerns process and tools and SP as a group proces. Then follows an application example where the potential of SP is demonstrated on the planning of a large transport infrastructure case concerning the Rail Baltica transport project, which is part of the EU’s North Sea - Baltic TEN-T corridor. The case shows how issues around growth and sustainability need to be explicitly considered in the planning of large new transport infrastructure. Finally, following a discussion of the main features of SP, some findings and a perspective are stated.
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Chinnadurai, V., S. Thayalan, and A. Bobin. "Multi-criteria decision making process using complex cubic interval valued intuitionistic fuzzy set." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1850, no. 1 (May 1, 2021): 012094. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1850/1/012094.
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Doshi, Prashant J. "Decision Making in Complex Multiagent Contexts: A Tale of Two Frameworks." AI Magazine 33, no. 4 (December 21, 2012): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aimag.v33i4.2402.
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Decision making is a key feature of autonomous systems. It involves choosing optimally between different lines of action in various information contexts that range from perfectly knowing all aspects of the decision problem to having just partial knowledge about it. The physical context often includes other interacting autonomous systems, typically called agents. In this article, I focus on decision making in a multiagent context with partial information about the problem. Relevant research in this complex but realistic setting has converged around two complementary, general frameworks and also introduced myriad specializations on its way. I put the two frameworks, decentralized partially observable Markov decision process (Dec-POMDP) and the interactive partially observable Markov decision process (I-POMDP), in context and review the foundational algorithms for these frameworks, while briefly discussing the advances in their specializations. I conclude by examining the avenues that research pertaining to these frameworks is pursuing.
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Joshi, S. P., J. R. Umaretiya, and Sanjay B. Joshi. "Decision-making in preliminary engineering design." Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing 5, no. 1 (February 1991): 21–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890060400002511.
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A designer often has to deal with complex and ill-structured situations during specification synthesis and preliminary engineering design. To assist in the development of computer-aided design systems, it is desirable to capture the designers decision-making process during these design states. The research presented in this paper is towards this direction. Based on the conceptual understanding of the process, three postulates are presented. The following two postulates; (1) the decisions are neither optimum nor just satisfying but retain certain characteristics of both, (2) the design is driven by the important objective(s) among all the specified objectives, at the preliminary design, although the remaining objectives do have a weak influence on the preliminary design; are used to develop a compensatory and a non-compensatory model of the decision-making. These models are formulated with the help of fuzzy set theory and they implicitly or explicitly follow the two postulates. These models are suitable for discrete decision situations where the above mentioned postulates apply. Examples of material selection during a preliminary structural design are used to illustrate the effectiveness of these models.
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Dahmani, Sarra, Xavier Boucher, Sophie Peillon, and Béatrix Besombes. "A reliability diagnosis to support servitization decision-making process." Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management 27, no. 4 (May 3, 2016): 502–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jmtm-06-2015-0044.
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Purpose – Servitization of manufacturing is characterized by very complex decision processes within strongly unstable and uncertain decision contexts. Decision-makers are face situations of lack of internal and external information. The purpose of this paper is to develop a decision aid approach to support the management of servitization decision-making processes. Design/methodology/approach – The scientific orientation of this research consists in working at improving the efficiency of the servitization decision-making process, by identifying factors of non-reliability, in order to propose remediation actions for the whole process. Improving the final decisions taken by the managers is considered as a consequence of the improvement of the decision-making process reliability. The method, based on modeling and evaluation, requires the specification of a decision process model for servitization, used as a basis to assess decision process reliability and diagnose the enterprise’s servitization decision system. Improving the final decisions made by the managers is considered as a consequence of the improvement of the decision-making process reliability. Findings – Key added values: first, to formalize a servitization decision-making reference model; second, to specify a reliability assessment applied to the decision system; and third, to define a decision process reliability diagnosis procedure for servitization, illustrated in a case study. Research limitations/implications – A direct perspective is to complete the focus on procedural reliability, by taking into consideration the subjective rationality of decision-makers in the reliability assessment procedure. Additionally, this reliability assessment method and diagnosis could become the basis of a larger risk management approach for servitization. Practical implications – The diagnosis procedure proposed in the paper is dedicated to generating practical results for enterprise decision-makers, consisting in recommendations for decision process improvements, in the context of servitization. The approach is illustrated through an industrial SME case study. The practical implications are highly contextualized. Originality/value – The key originality of this research is to tackle servitization complexity with a decision system modeling and diagnosis orientation, including the formalization of the notion of “decision process reliability,” and the specification and implementation of a quantitative assessment procedure.
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Forero, Daniel Soto, Yony F. Ceballos, and German Sànchez Torres. "Simulation of consumers decision-making process using agent-based model approach." International Journal of Modeling, Simulation, and Scientific Computing 10, no. 06 (November 8, 2019): 1950037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793962319500375.
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This paper describes a model to simulate the decision-making process of consumers that adopts technology within a dynamic social network. The proposed model use theories and tools from the psychology of consumer behavior, social networks and complex dynamical systems like the Consumat framework and fuzzy logic. The model has been adjusted using real data, tested with the automobile market and it can recreate trends like those described in the world market.
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Loggins, Julie A. "Simulating the Foreign Policy Decision-Making Process in the Undergraduate Classroom." PS: Political Science & Politics 42, no. 02 (April 2009): 401–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049096509090544.
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A simulation of the foreign policy decision-making process, as described in this article, can assist an instructor in linking students' abstract understanding of complex political events, circumstances, and decision making to the real-world interplay of the multiple factors involved in decision making. It is this type of active learning that helps bring a student's abstract understanding into the concrete world. Instead of being passive learners relying on an instructor's knowledge, students are active participants in the learning process.
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Shum, Simon Buckingham, Lorella Cannavacciuolo, Anna De Liddo, Luca Iandoli, and Ivana Quinto. "Using Social Network Analysis to Support Collective Decision-Making Process." International Journal of Decision Support System Technology 3, no. 2 (April 2011): 15–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jdsst.2011040102.
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Current traditional technologies, while enabling effective knowledge sharing and accumulation, seem to be less supportive of knowledge organization, use and consensus formation, as well as of collaborative decision making process. To address these limitations and thus to better foster collective decision-making around complex and controversial problems, a new family of tools is emerging able to support more structured knowledge representations known as collaborative argument mapping tools. This paper argues that online collaborative argumentation has the rather unique feature of combining knowledge organization with social mapping and that such a combination can provide interesting insights on the social processes activated within a collaborative decision making initiative. In particular, the authors investigate how Social Network Analysis can be used for the analysis of the collective argumentation process to study the structural properties of the concepts and social networks emerging from users’ interaction. Using Cohere, an online platform designed to support collaborative argumentation, some empirical findings obtained from two use cases are presented.
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Rigo, Paula Donaduzzi, Graciele Rediske, Carmen Brum Rosa, Natália Gava Gastaldo, Leandro Michels, Alvaro Luiz Neuenfeldt Júnior, and Julio Cezar Mairesse Siluk. "Renewable Energy Problems: Exploring the Methods to Support the Decision-Making Process." Sustainability 12, no. 23 (December 7, 2020): 10195. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su122310195.
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In the current scenario of increasing energy demand and encouraging sustainable development in countries, the energy sector’s planning has become more complex, involving multiple factors, such as technical, economic, environmental, social, and political. The decision process plays a vital role in structuring and evaluating complex decision situations related to the sector, considering various criteria and objectives, encouraging adopting policies to promote energy efficiency actions by increasing research on renewable energy sources and strategic energy decisions. The high number of multi-criteria decision support methods (MCDM) available and their efficiency in solving highly complex problems results in an impasse with their selection and application in specific decision situations. Thus, the scientific community requires methodological approaches that help the decision-maker select the method consistent with his problem. Accordingly, this paper conducts a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) of renewable energy problems associated with MCDM methods based on a final set of 163 articles. We identified five categories of problems solved by MCDM techniques: Source selection, location, sustainability, project performance, and technological performance. We separate the MCDM process into five evaluation steps (alternative selection, criteria selection, criteria weighting, evaluation of alternatives, and post-assessment analyzes), and we extract the methods used in each MCDM step from papers. This paper’s main contribution is identifying the most common MCDM methods in the renewable energy area and the energy problem they solve. Accordingly, this manuscript helps energy decision-makers, entrepreneurs, investors, and policy-makers to improve their ability to choose the proper MCDM methods to solve energy problems.
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Dhami, Mandeep K. "Psychological Models of Professional Decision Making." Psychological Science 14, no. 2 (March 2003): 175–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9280.01438.
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People are often expected to make decisions based on all of the relevant information, weighted and combined appropriately. Under many conditions, however, people use heuristic strategies that depart from this ideal. I tested the ability of two models to predict bail decisions made by judges in two courts. In both courts, a simple heuristic proved to be a better predictor of judicial decisions than a more complex model that instantiated the principles of due process. Specifically, judges were “passing the buck” because they relied on decisions made by the police, prosecution, and previous bench. Problematically, these earlier decisions were not significantly related to case characteristics. These findings have implications for the types of models researchers use to capture professional decision-making policies.
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Chang, Jui-Fang, Chao-Jung Lai, Chia-Nan Wang, Ming-Hsien Hsueh, and Van Thanh Nguyen. "Fuzzy Optimization Model for Decision-Making in Supply Chain Management." Mathematics 9, no. 4 (February 4, 2021): 312. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math9040312.
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Choosing a supplier is a complex decision-making process that can reduce the total cost of production inputs and increase profits without increasing the price or sacrificing product quality. However, supplier selection processes usually involve multiple quantitative and qualitative criteria which increase the complexity of the problem and may decrease the accuracy and effectiveness of the process. Such complex decision-making problems can be supported by using multicriteria decision-making (MCDM) models. While there have been multiple MCDM models to support supplier selection processes in different industries and sectors, only a few are developed to support the supplier selection processes in the garment industry, especially under uncertain decision-making environment. This paper presents an integrated mathematical model under a fuzzy environment and applies it to the supplier selection process in the garment industry. In this research, the authors utilize the Buckley extension based fuzzy Analytical Hierarchical Process (FAHP) method in combination with linear normalization based fuzzy Grey Relational Analysis (F-GRA) method to develop a MCDM approach to the supplier selection process under a fuzzy environment. As a result, supplier 08 (SA08) is the optimal supplier. The contribution of this work is to propose an MCDM model for ranking potential suppliers in the garment industry under a fuzzy environment. The proposed approach can also be applied to support complex decision-making processes under a fuzzy environment in different industries.
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Dileep, M. R., Sindhu S, and Abduraoof Ahmed Ismail. "Influence of New Media on Travel Decision Making." Atna - Journal of Tourism Studies 8, no. 1 (January 1, 2013): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.12727/ajts.9.1.
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Tourism, one of the largest industries in the world, has recorded consistent growth since the end of Second World War. Travel is a key factor in the process of tourism, where the tourist is the main player as well as the ultimate consumer of the products and services offered to him/her. A tourist‟s decision to travel is by itself a complex process because there are many factors that influence the decision. The New media, which has emerged in the wake of tremendous advancements in information and communication technologies is also influencing the decision making process in modern times. Here, an attempt has been done to examine the influence of new media in the various stages of decision making process and the role played by it. A questionnaire based survey was undertaken to conduct the study and the analysis reveals various kinds of influences of new media.
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Greer, Marianne L. "Rxpert: A Prototype Expert System for Formulary Decision Making." Annals of Pharmacotherapy 26, no. 2 (February 1992): 244–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/106002809202600221.
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OBJECTIVE: RXPERT, a prototype, computer-based, expert system that models the decision-making processes for an ambulatory (non-hospital) formulary, is described as an example of how expert systems may be used to support pharmacy decision making. Basic information about expert-system technology is provided through this example. BACKGROUND: Computer-assisted decision making is becoming an important and accepted aspect of complex, health-related decisions. Because expert-system support may become an integral component of future, complex, pharmacy decision making, it is important for pharmacists to become familiar with this technology and its possibilities for supporting pharmacy decisions. METHOD: Expert systems offer the potential advantages of making the human decision-making process explicit, more consistent, easily duplicated in many locations simultaneously, and easy to update and document. Although an expert system is seldom intended to replace human decision makers, it can provide valuable support for complex, multivariable decisions. Typical knowledge-acquisition and knowledge-engineering techniques, as well as the characteristics and structure of expert systems, are described, relative to the development of the RXPERT prototype. CONCLUSIONS: Although RXPERT is not yet in use, the process for using an expert system to support an individual committee member's personal assessment of a drug product is described. Decision-support expert systems are potentially useful to pharmacists in complex decision-making tasks.
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Endsley, Mica R., Gary Klein, David D. Woods, Philip J. Smith, and Stephen J. Selcon. "Future Directions in Cognitive Engineering and Naturalistic Decision Making." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 39, no. 9 (October 1995): 450–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193129503900902.
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Cognitive Engineering and Naturalistic Decision Making are presented as two related fields of endeavor that seek to understand how people process information and perform within complex systems and to develop ways of applying this knowledge within the design and training process This panel presents an overview of the current state of the art in this research domain and charts paths for needed developments in the field in the near future.
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Zeiss, Ragna, and Stans van Egmond. "Dissolving Decision Making? Models and Their Roles in Decision-Making Processes and Policy at Large." Science in Context 27, no. 4 (November 13, 2014): 631–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269889714000234.
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ArgumentThis article studies the roles three science-based models play in Dutch policy and decision making processes. Key is the interaction between model construction and environment. Their political and scientific environments form contexts that shape the roles of models in policy decision making. Attention is paid to three aspects of the wider context of the models: a) the history of the construction process; b) (changes in) the political and scientific environments; and c) the use in policy processes over longer periods of time. Models are more successfully used when they are constructed in astablepolitical and scientific environment. Stability and certainty within a scientific field seems to be a key predictor for the usefulness of models for policy making. The economic model is more disputed than the ecology-based model and the model that has its theoretical foundation in physics and chemistry. The roles models play in policy processes are too complex to be considered as straightforward technocratic powers.