Relevant bibliographies by topics / Complex solid solution

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Complex solid solution'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 5 June 2025
Last updated: 8 July 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Complex solid solution"

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Rajamohan, Rajaram, Sundarajulu Kothai Nayaki та Meenakshisundaram Swaminathan. "Spectrofluorimetric Study on Inclusion Complexation of 2-Amino-6-fluorobenzothiazole with β-Cyclodextrin". Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 73, № 2 (2008): 147–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc20080147.

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The interaction between 2-amino-6-fluorobenzothiazole (AFBT) and β-cyclodextrin (β-CDx) has been investigated in aqueous solution and in the solid state. The stoichiometry and binding constant of the complex between AFBT and β-CDx in solution were determined by steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy. The FT-IR spectral data and SEM images of the solid complex confirmed the formation of inclusion complex. The proton transfer behaviour of AFBT has been investigated in aqueous and β-CDx solutions.
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Cao, Hai, Iris Destoop, Kazukuni Tahara, Yoshito Tobe, Kunal S. Mali, and Steven De Feyter. "Complex Chiral Induction Processes at the Solution/Solid Interface." Journal of Physical Chemistry C 120, no. 31 (2016): 17444–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b04911.

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Saini-Eidukat, Bernhardt, Nikolai S. Rudashevsky, and Alexander G. Polozov. "Evidence for hibbingite–kempite solid solution." Mineralogical Magazine 62, no. 2 (1998): 251–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/002646198547602.

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AbstractNew occurrences of hibbingite, γ-Fe2(OH)3Cl, have been found associated with platinum-group minerals in the Noril'sk Complex, and with the Korshunovskoye iron ores of the southern Siberian platform. The Norils'k grains, which are up to 0. 6 mm in diameter, are associated with the platinumgroup minerals froodite, cabriite, urvantsevite and with native silver in massive pentlandite–cubanite– chalcopyrite ore. The Korshunovskoye iron ore sample in which hibbingite was found is composed of fine-grained magnetite ore associated with halite. Hibbingite, hematite and silver grains are found in cavities in halite; the reddish-brown hibbingite grains usually occur as encrustations in the cavities. The size of hibbingite and hematite grains is up to 100 µm.Hibbingite from the Noril'sk Complex contains a significant kempite (Mn2(OH)3Cl) component; in some cases it contains over 50 mol. % Mn. These data suggest that at least a partial solid solution series exists between hibbingite and kempite. All known occurrences of hibbingite represent paragenetically late mineral assemblages. In the case of the Korshunovskoye deposits, the occurrences are associated with highly concentrated hydrothermal brines derived from the Lower Paleozoic saline sediments of the Siberian Platform cover.
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Majzlan, Juraj, Anna Reichstein, Patrick Haase, Martin Števko, Jiří Sejkora, and Edgar Dachs. "Thermodynamics of vivianite-group arsenates M3(AsO4)2 ⋅ 8H2O (M is Ni, Co, Mg, Zn, Cu) and chemical variability in the natural arsenates of this group." European Journal of Mineralogy 36, no. 1 (2024): 31–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ejm-36-31-2024.

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Abstract. In this work, we investigated the M3(AsO4)2⋅ 8H2O end members annabergite (M is Ni), erythrite (M is Co), and hörnesite (M is Mg) and their solid solutions. Acid-solution calorimetry and relaxation calorimetry were used to determine the solubility products (log Ksp) for annabergite (−33.7), erythrite (−32.1), and hörnesite (−22.3). Solubility products for other end members of this group were extracted from the literature and critically evaluated. The enthalpies of mixing are complex, related to subsystems M(1)3(AsO4)2⋅ 8H2O–M(1)M(2)2(AsO4)2⋅ 8H2O and M(1)M(2)2(AsO4)2⋅ 8H2O–M(2)3(AsO4)2⋅ 8H2O. They are small and positive for the annabergite–erythrite solid solution and small and negative for the annabergite–hörnesite solid solution. Autocorrelation analysis of Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectra shows correlation of strain decrease in the structure with the negative enthalpies of mixing in the annabergite–hörnesite solid solution. A set of more than 600 electron microprobe analyses of the M3(AsO4)2⋅ 8H2O minerals documents the variability and complexity in this group. Most common compositions are those dominated by Ni, Co, or Ni–Co. The analytical results were used to calculate the maximal configurational entropies which could be a factor that compensates for the small enthalpies of mixing in the annabergite–erythrite solid solution. The data presented here can be used to model sites polluted with metals and arsenic and to enhance our understanding of complex solid solutions.
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Vaughn, John S., Donald H. Lindsley, Hanna Nekvasil, John M. Hughes, and Brian L. Phillips. "Complex F,Cl Apatite Solid Solution Investigated Using Multinuclear Solid-State NMR Methods." Journal of Physical Chemistry C 122, no. 1 (2017): 530–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.7b09912.

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BHAWNA VARSHNEY. "Potentiometric Studies on Binary complexes of La (III) ion with Quinaldic Acid." international journal of engineering technology and management sciences 6, no. 6 (2022): 623–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.46647/ijetms.2022.v06i06.105.

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The binary solid complex of La(III) ion with Quinaldic Acid was isolated from the mixture of equimolar solutions of metal nitrates and ligand. The pH of the solution was adjusted to 7.0. The equimolar solution was refluxed in ethyl alcohol for about 3-4 hours on water bath. On refluxing, the solid mass is obtained on cooling. This solid mass was filtered, washed, recrystallized and dried at 60-70°C. The complex was subjected to elemental analysis. The metal content present in complex was estimated by conventional standard methods. The probable formula of complex was assigned on the basis of elemental analysis, which was well supported by TG curves. The kinetic parameters like activation energy (Ea), Order of reaction (n), frequency factor (log Z) and activation Entropy (S°) were calculated by applying Doyle’s method modified by Zsako (2) and Coat's and Redfern methods.
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Brandt, Felix, Martina Klinkenberg, Jenna Poonoosamy, and Dirk Bosbach. "Recrystallization and Uptake of 226Ra into Ba-Rich (Ba,Sr)SO4 Solid Solutions." Minerals 10, no. 9 (2020): 812. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min10090812.

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226Ra is an important contributor to naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORM) and also considered in safety cases related to the disposal of spent nuclear fuel in a deep geological repository. Recrystallization and solid solution formation with sulfates is regarded as an important retention mechanism for 226Ra. In natural systems sulfates often occur as (Ba,Sr)SO4. Therefore, we have chosen this solid solution at the Ba-rich end for investigations of the 226Ra uptake. The resulting 226Ra-solubility in aqueous solution was assessed in comparison with a thermodynamic model of the solid solution-aqueous solution system (Ba,Sr,Ra)SO4 + H2O. The temperature and composition of the initial (Ba,Sr)SO4 solid solution were varied. Measurements of the solution composition were combined with microscopic observations of the solid and thermodynamic modeling. A complex recrystallization behavior of the solid was observed, including the dissolution of significant amounts of the solid and formation of metastable phases. The re-equilibration of Ba-rich (Ba,Sr)SO4 to (Ba,Sr,Ra)SO4 leads to a major reconstruction of the solid. Already trace amounts of Sr in the solid solution can have a significant impact on the 226Ra solubility, depending on the temperature. The experimental findings confirm the thermodynamic model, although not all solids reached equilibrium with respect to all cations.
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Tankov, Nik, Claire Utton, and Panos Tsakiropoulos. "On the Microstructure and Properties of Complex Concentrated bcc Solid Solution and Tetragonal D8m M5Si3 Silicide Phases in a Refractory Complex Concentrated Alloy." Alloys 3, no. 1 (2024): 59–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/alloys3010005.

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In this work, the refractory complex concentrated alloy (RCCA) 3.5Al–4Cr–6Ge–1Hf–5Mo–36Nb–22Si–1.5Sn–20Ti–1W (at.%) was studied in the as cast and heat treated conditions (100 h or 200 h at 1500 °C). There was strong macrosegregation of Si in the 0.6 kg button/ingot of the cast alloy, in which A2 solid solution, D8m βNb5Si3, C14-NbCr2 Laves phase and Tiss and a ternary eutectic of the A2, D8m and C14 phases were formed. The partitioning of Ti in the as cast and heat treated microstructure and its relationships with other solutes was shown to be important for the properties of the A2 solid solution and the D8m βNb5Si3, which were the stable phases at 1500 °C. The near surface microstructure of the alloy was contaminated with oxygen after heat treatment under flowing Ar. For the aforementioned phases, it was shown, for the first time, that there are relationships between solutes, between solutes and the parameters VEC, Δχ and δ, between the said parameters, and between parameters and phase properties. For the contaminated with oxygen solid solution and silicide, trends in relationships between solutes, between solutes and oxygen content and between the aforementioned parameters and oxygen content also were shown for the first time. The nano-hardness and Young’s modulus of the A2 solid solution and the D8m βNb5Si3 of the as cast and heat-treated alloy were measured using nanoindentation. Changes of nano-hardness and Young’s modulus of the A2 solid solution and D8m βNb5Si3 per solute addition for this multiphase RCCA were discussed. The nano-hardness and Young’s modulus of the solid solution and the βNb5Si3, respectively, were 9.5 ± 0.2 GPa and 177.4 ± 5.5 GPa, and 17.55 ± 0.5 GPa and 250.27 ± 6.3 GPa after 200 h at 1500 °C. The aforementioned relationships and properties of the two phases demonstrated the importance of synergy and entanglement of solutes, parameters and phases in the microstructure and properties of the RCCA. Implications of synergy and entanglement for the design of metallic ultra-high temperature materials were emphasised.
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Сардарлы, Р. М., А. П. Абдуллаев, Н. А. Алиева, Ф. Т. Салманов, М. Ю. Юсифов та А. А. Оруджева. "Суперионная проводимость твердых растворов (TlGaSe-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-)-=SUB=-1-x-=/SUB=-(TlInS-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-)-=SUB=-x-=/SUB=-". Физика и техника полупроводников 52, № 10 (2018): 1111. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/ftp.2018.10.46448.8749.

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AbstractSamples of (TlGaSe_2)_1 – _ x (TlInS_2)_ x solid solutions are synthesized. The frequency dependences (2 × 10^1–10^6 Hz) of components of the total complex impedance are studied by the impedance spectroscopy technique and relaxation processes are investigated depending on the composition of the (TlGaSe_2)_1 – _ x (TlInS_2)_ x solid solution in the solubility region ( x = 0–0.4). Corresponding diagrams on the ( Z ''– Z ') complex plane are analyzed using the equivalent substitutional circuit method. An anomaly in the temperature dependence of the electrical conductivity, which manifests itself in an abrupt increase in the conductivity, is found for the studied (TlGaSe_2)_1 – _ x (TlInS_2)_ x solid solution at 400 K. This peculiarity is associated with the phase transition into the superionic state.
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Исаченко, Г. Н., А. Ю. Самунин, П. П. Константинов, А. А. Касьянов та А. Масалимов. "Термоэлектрические свойства твердого раствора n-Mg-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-(SiGe)-=SUB=-0.8-=/SUB=-Sn-=SUB=-0.2-=/SUB=-". Физика и техника полупроводников 53, № 5 (2019): 612. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/ftp.2019.05.47548.06.

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AbstractHigh values of the thermoelectric figure of merit ( ZT = 1.5) in Mg_2Si–Mg_2Sn solid solutions are caused by a low thermal conductivity and a complex band structure, which is optimal at the ratio of solid-solution components of 40% Mg_2Si and 60% Mg_2Sn. However, the presence of magnesium stannide in a high concentration impairs the mechanical properties and chemical stability of the material limiting its application at high temperatures. Magnesium silicide has a higher stability but a lower figure of merit. The figure of merit is much lower in Mg_2Si-rich solid solutions and amounts to ZT ~ 1. The possibility of increasing ZT in the Mg_2Si_0.8Sn_0.2 solid solution with the additional inclusion of Mg_2Ge in small quantities is investigated here. Samples of Mg_2(Si_1 –_ x Ge_ x )_0.8Sn_0.2 ( x < 0.03) solid solution are prepared by hot pressing. The temperature dependences of the coefficients of the thermoelectric power, electrical conductivity, and thermal conductivity are measured in the range of 300–800 K. An increase in the thermoelectric figure of merit to ZT = 1.1 is shown at T = 800 K in the Mg_2Si_0.78Ge_0.02Sn_0.2〈Sb〉 solid solution.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Complex solid solution"

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D'Aléo, Anthony. "From solution to solid state energy- and electron-transfer in complex materials /." [S.l. : Amsterdam : s.n.] ; Universiteit van Amsterdam [Host], 2006. http://dare.uva.nl/document/89463.

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Petherick, Janice, University of Western Sydney, and School of Science. "Chiral discrimination associated with complex molecules." THESIS_XXXX_SS_Petherick_B.xml, 1999. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/134.

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This thesis is a report on the design, synthesis and molecular structure of a set of chiral Co(III) metal complexes, in the solution and solid state. The complexes that have been synthesised will potentially intercalate between the base pairs of DNA. The structure of the bound tetradentate ligand, S,S-picchxnMe2 in the solid state was investigated to determine the flexibility of this seemingly rigid ligand. The bidentate ligands, R- and S-glu, were also bound to the Co complex and the differences in the tetradentate ligand were observed. The differences observed in the bonded tetradentate ligands were due to the chirality of the bonded amino acid. The aromatic amino acids, R- and S-phe, were used as bidentate ligands because of their ability to intercalate with DNA. Several scientific experiments were conducted and the results analysed in great depth<br>Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
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Pike, Sebastian David. "Investigating the chemistry of cationic rhodium bisphosphine complexes : comparing reactivity in the solid state with solution." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:413c8a57-0a5e-4e51-8874-e48db8079675.

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This thesis describes the synthesis and characterisation of a series of cationic rhodium bis-phosphine complexes. The reactivity of these new complexes in the solid-state and in solution is reported. In <b>Chapter 2</b> the synthesis of a series of rhodium bis-phosphine diene complexes is presented and the reactions of these complexes with hydrogen in the solid-state are investigated. Several examples of zwitterionic complexes coordinating the [BAr<sup>F</sup>4]<sup>─</sup> anion are produced by hydrogenation. A rare example of a sigma-alkane complex, [Rh(<sup>i</sup>Bu<sub>2</sub>PCH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>P<sup>i</sup>Bu<sub>2</sub>)(eta<sup>2</sup>-<sub>CH</sub>-eta<sup>2</sup>-<sub>CH</sub>-NBA][BAr<sup>F</sup>4]<sup>─</sup], is also formed in the solid-state, by a single crystal to single crystal transition driven by hydrogen. This complex is crystallographically characterised and displays two short Rh∙∙∙H−C sigma-interactions. Deuteration studies indicate that the agostic complex [Rh(<sup>i</sup>Bu<sub>2</sub>PCH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>P<sup>i</sup>Bu<sub>2</sub>)(eta<sup>2</sup>-<sub>CH</sub>-eta<sup>2</sup>-<sub>CH</sub>-NBE][BAr<sup>F</sup>4] may form as a short lived intermediate prior to the formation of the sigma-alkane complex. The temporal evolution of the solid-state hydrogenation reactions is monitored by powder X-ray diffraction methods. In <b>Chapter 3</b> the C−X activation of various aryl halides using the [Rh(<sup>i</sup>Bu<sub>2</sub>PCH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>P<sup>i</sup>Bu<sub>2</sub>)]<sup>+</sup> fragment is reported. The 'ligand innocence' of the phosphine with respect to intramolecular C−H activation is also discussed. A rare example of C−X activation in the solid-state is presented, which shows the formation of an isomer that is not observed by analogous solution routes. <b>Chapter 4</b> investigates solid-state ligand exchange reactions using ethene, butadiene, CO and NH3 gases. A solid-state transfer dehydrogenation reaction is reported within single crystals of [Rh(<sup>i</sup>Bu<sub>2</sub>PCH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>P<sup>i</sup>Bu<sub>2</sub>)(C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>][BAr<sup>F</sup>4]. H/D exchange of NH3 can also occur in the solid state in the bis-ammonia complex [Rh(<sup>i</sup>Bu<sub>2</sub>PCH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>P<sup>i</sup>Bu<sub>2</sub>)(NH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>][BAr<sup>F</sup>4]. A variety of rhodium complexes are tested as heterogeneous catalysts for the hydrogenation of ethene and the isomerisation of butene. In <b>Chapter 5</b> the binding affinity of a variety of fluorinated arenes to rhodium bis-phosphine fragments is presented using ESI-MS methods. The dependence upon the arene substituents, phosphine substituents and phosphine bite angle are discussed.
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Bufali, Simone. "Part 1 Chemical synthesis of biologically active glycolipids ; Part 2 Solution phase and automated solid phase synthesis of complex oligosaccharides /." Zürich : ETH, 2007. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=17335.

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Petherick, Janice. "Chiral discrimination associated with complex molecules." Thesis, View thesis, 1999. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/134.

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This thesis is a report on the design, synthesis and molecular structure of a set of chiral Co(III) metal complexes, in the solution and solid state. The complexes that have been synthesised will potentially intercalate between the base pairs of DNA. The structure of the bound tetradentate ligand, S,S-picchxnMe2 in the solid state was investigated to determine the flexibility of this seemingly rigid ligand. The bidentate ligands, R- and S-glu, were also bound to the Co complex and the differences in the tetradentate ligand were observed. The differences observed in the bonded tetradentate ligands were due to the chirality of the bonded amino acid. The aromatic amino acids, R- and S-phe, were used as bidentate ligands because of their ability to intercalate with DNA. Several scientific experiments were conducted and the results analysed in great depth
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Behra, Philippe. "Etude du comportement d'un micropolluant metallique (le mercure) au cours de sa migration a travers un milieu poreux sature : identification experimentale des mecanismes d'echanges et modelisation des phenomenes." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987STR13120.

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Jouanneaux, Alain. "Etude par r. P. E. De diffraction de neutrons des composes mixtes rb : :(x)(nh::(4))::(1-x)alf::(4), desordre chimique, transition de phase, ordre local, verre de spin structural." Nantes, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NANT2044.

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Mise en evidence, a temperature ambiante, de la substitution de rb**(+) a toute concentration. Determination par diffraction de neutrons sur poudre de la structure moyenne des cristaux mixtes : resultats en accord avec les resultats rpe. Puis, etude a basse temperature de l'ordre du sous-reseau des ions nh::(4)**(+) pour 0 <ou= x >ou= 0,25. Mise en evidence de l'apparition de domaines antiphase et determination de la distance moyenne entre les discommensurations. Enfin, interpretation du comportement a basse temperature de ce systeme d'ising axial aleatoire dans le cadre du verre de "pseudo-spin" structural
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Korenev, Vladimir Sergeevich. "Cluster complexes of polyoxometalates : synthesis, and solution and solid state studies." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011VERS0044.

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Ce travail de thèse décrit la synthèse et les caractérisations de nouveaux composés Polyoxo(thio)métallates. Dans ce manuscrit sont étudiés la réactivité de clusters dinucléaires de type [Re2CI8]2-, [Rh2(CH3COO)4(H2O)2] et [Mo2O2S2(H20)6]2+ avec des POMs vacants tels que BW11, PW11et P8W48. Dans ce cadre, plusieurs architectures nouvelles ont été obtenues et caractérisées par RX sur monocristaux et en solution par RMN. Dans cette partie, une attention particulière est portée au composé [P8W48(Mo4O4s4(OH)2(H20))2]36-. Dans une seconde partie du manuscrit, la réactivité du cation [Mo2O2S2(H20)6]2+ vis-à-vis de molybdate est abordée. Cette étude a permis d’isoler 3 nouvelles espèces moléculaires spectaculaires de nucléarité Mo40, Mo63 et Mo132 suivant les conditions de synthèse. Les synthèses et les caractérisations de ces espèces sont présentées dans ce manuscrit et ces derniers résultats ouvrent de larges perspectives<br>This work describes the syntheses and the characterizations of some new Polyoxo(thio)metalates. In this manuscript are studied the reactivities of some dinuclear clusters as [Re2CI8]2-, [Rh2(CH3COO)4(H2O)2] and [Mo2O2S2(H20)6]2+ with vacant POMs like BW11, PW11et P8W48. Several new supramolecular architectures have been obtained and characterised by X-Ray diffraction in the solid state and by solution studies using Electronic spectroscopy and NMR. In this part, a particular attention was bring to the new compound [P8W48(Mo4O4s4(OH)2(H20))2]36-. The second part is devoted to the reactivity of the thiocation [Mo2O2S2(H20)6]2+ towards molybdates. This study allowed to isolate 3 new spectacular molecular architectures for which the nuclearity varies from Mo40 to Mo63 and Mo132 as a function of the synthesis conditions. The syntheses and the characterizations of these species are presented in this manuscript and these results open large interesting perspectives
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Goodwin, Sarah L. "A solution and solid state study of polyiron complexes with carboxylate containing ligands." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.318023.

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VILHENA, FELIPE DE SOUZA DIAS DOS SANTOS. "METAL COMPLEXES OF 2-PYRIDINEFORMAMIDE THIOSEMICARBAZONES: SOLUTION STUDIES, SOLID STATE STUDIES AND CYTOTOXIC ACTIVITY." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2008. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=11957@1.

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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO<br>CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO<br>Tiossemicarbazonas e seus complexos metálicos apresentam um amplo espectro de atividades biológicas. As tiossemicarbazonas α(N)-heterocíclicas tem sido muito estudadas em razão de sua comprovada ação antitumoral. O mecanismo de ação antitumoral dessas drogas se dá pela inibição da enzima ribonucleotídeo difosfato redutase (RDR), que catalisa o ciclo de reações redox envolvido na conversão de ribonucleotídeos a desoxirribonucleotídeos durante a síntese do ADN. A forma ativa dessas drogas é o complexo de ferro. Desse modo, a obtenção de novos complexos de Fe de tiossemicarbazonas α(N)-heterocíclicas constitui uma importante estratégia para a obtenção de candidatos a antitumorais. Nesse trabalho investimos no estudo, em solução aquosa, da interação entre 2- piridinoformamida tiossemicarbazona (H2Am4DH) e seus derivados N(4)-metil (H2Am4M), N(4)-etil (H2Am4E) e N(4)- fenil (H2Am4Ph) e os íons Cu(II) e Fe(III). Esse estudo foi monitorado por espectroscopia de absorção na região do UV-vis. Para o cálculo das constantes de formação dos complexos foram levados em consideração os valores das constantes cumulativas calculadas inicialmente para as tiossemicarbazonas livres ( β HL e β H2L+). Quatro novos complexos de Fe(III) foram isolados e caracterizados: [Fe(2Am4DH)2]Cl, [Fe(2Am4Me)2]Cl, [Fe(2Am4Et)2]Cl e [Fe (2Am4Ph)Cl3]. Os valores de susceptibilidade magnética para os complexos estão na faixa de 1,36-1,66 MB. Esses valores são próximos do calculado (1,73 MB) para complexos de Fe(III), octaédricos, spin baixo. Os dados de infravermelho indicam que as tiossemicarbazonas estão coordenadas ao ferro através do sistema quelante Npy-N-S. O comportamento eletroquímico dos complexos é bastante similar, sugerindo que suas estruturas em solução são igualmente similares. A toxicidade das tiossemicarbazonas e de seus complexos de ferro frente à Artemia salina foi estudada como um pré-screening para sua ação antitumoral. Os valores de LD50 obtidos indicam que esses compostos têm atividade citotóxica, sugerindo que poderiam igualmente apresentar ação antitumoral. Além disso, os potenciais de redução FeIII/FeII observados para os complexos estão dentro da faixa ideal dos redutores celulares. Assim, se confirmada a atividade antitumoral o mecanismo de ação poderia envolver a redução FeIII/FeII por tiois celulares, como sugerido para outros complexos de ferro de tiossemicarbazonas.<br>Thiosemicarbazones and their metal complexes present a wide range of bioactivities. It has been shown that the antitumoral action of á(N)-heterocyclic thiosemicarbazones occurs through the inhibition of ribonucleotide diphosphate reductase (RDR), a key enzyme involved in the conversion of ribonucleotides into deoxyribonucleotides during DNA syntheses. The active form of the drugs are their iron complexes. Hence the preparation of new iron complexes with á(N)- heterocyclic thiosemicarbazones constitutes an interesting strategy in designing antitumoral drug candidates. In the present work the interactions of 2- pyridineformamide thiosemicarbazone (H2Am4DH) and its N(4)- methyl (H2Am4Me), N(4)-ethyl (H2Am4Et) and N(4)-phenyl (H2Am4Ph) derivatives with Cu(II) as well as Fe(III) ions in aqueous solution were studied, monitored in the visible region by the variations of the absorption spectrum. The cumulative protonation constants â HL and â H2L+ were determined for the ligands by a potentiometric method and were used in the calculation of the complex formation constants. The iron(III) complexes [Fe(2Am4DH)2]Cl, [Fe (2Am4Me)2]Cl, [Fe(2Am4Et)2]Cl and [Fe(2Am4Ph)Cl3] were obtained and characterized. The values of magnetic moments in the 1.59-1.66 BM range are close to the calculated value of 1.73 BM, characteristic of the presence of one unpaired electron as in low spin iron(III) complexes. The infrared data for the complexes indicate coordination of the thiosemicarbazones through the Npy-N-S chelating system. The resemblance of electrochemical behaviors suggests that the structures of the complexes in solution are also very similar. The toxicity of the thiosemicarbazones and their metal complexes against Artemia salina was assayed as a prescreening of antitumoral action. The low values of LD50 obtained for the studied compounds in this assay indicate that they could present antineoplastic properties. Moreover, the determined values of FeIII/FeII redox potentials for the complexes fall in the range of cellular reductants. Therefore, if the complexes present antitumoral activity, their biochemical pathway could involve FeIII/FeII reduction by cellular thiols, as suggested previously for iron complexes of other thiosemicarbazones.
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Books on the topic "Complex solid solution"

1

Cornejo, Adolfo F. A. Solution and solid state studies of metal complexes of some EDTA and calixarene derivatives. University College Dublin, 1998.

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Bufali, Simone. Chemical synthesis of biologically active glycolipids: Solution phase and automated solid phase synthesis of complex oligosaccharides. 2007.

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Tammemagi, Hans. The Waste Crisis. Oxford University Press, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195128987.001.0001.

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As populations continue to increase, society produces more and more waste. Yet it is becoming increasingly difficult to build new landfills, and the existing landfills are causing significant environmental damage. Finding solutions is not simple; the problem is enormous in size, vital in terms of its impact on the environment, and complex in scope. This book provides a vast look at solid waste management in North America and seeks solutions to the waste crisis. It describes the magnitude and complexity of the problem, focusing on municipal wastes and placing them in the perspective of other wastes such as hazardous, biochemical, and radioactive debris. It describes the components of an integrated waste management program, including recycling, composting, landfills, and waste incinerators, and it presents in detail the scientific and engineering principles underlying these technologies. To illustrate both the problems and solutions of waste management programs, the authors provide seven case histories, among them the Fresh Kills (Staten Island, New York), the East Carbon Landfill (Utah), and the Lancaster County Municipal Waste Incinerator (Pennsylvania). The Waste Crisis is unique in its attempt to analyze waste management in a broader societal context and to propose solutions based on basic principles. And by doing so, it encourages readers to challenge commonly held perceptions and to seek new and better ways of dealing with waste. As such, this book deserves a place on the bookshelf of anyone who deals with or feels the need to confront the growing problems of waste management.
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Thorning, Christian. Danish EU Opt-Outs. Hart Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781509980970.

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This book offers the first comprehensive legal study dedicated to the understanding of the Danish EU opt-outs. The impact of these is significant, falling as they do within Union citizenship, the euro, defense cooperation and the Area of Freedom, Security and Justice. Through a re-examination of the opt-outs individually, collectively and temporally, the book sheds light on their legal design and their interplay between international law, EU law and national law. This pioneering book takes a legal-doctrinal approach, which provides readers with a solid understanding of the opt-outs. Academics, judges and European Union civil servants will find this invaluable. In 1992, the Danish electorate rejected the approval of the then new Maastricht Treaty. This meant that the anticipated European Union could not be established unless a special solution was found to accommodate the Danish concerns. Such a solution was agreed already in December 1992, which subsequently enabled the Maastricht Treaty to be ratified the following year. Denmark, however, was left with four opt-outs, on Union citizenship, the euro, defence cooperation and within the area of Justice and Home Affairs, now the Area of Freedom, Security and Justice (AFSJ). Through a re-examination of the opt-outs individually, collectively and temporally, this book examines the complex legal journey they have undertaken as a consequence of the European integration process, and discusses their legal effects in EU law. Light is shed on the opt-outs’ interplay with international law, EU law and national (Danish) law, including the issue of referenda. New legal viewpoints and propositions are offered with a view to closing gaps in the legal understanding and eradicating misconceptions, some of which relate to a mix-up with the former special position of the United Kingdom and, as far as the AFSJ is concerned, the current opt-in position of Ireland. Jurisprudence of the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) on the issue of exclusive external competence in light of the AFSJ opt-out is discussed, as is the role of the opt-out in relation to the Brexit agreements. The legal issues pertinent to the Danish abolition of the defence opt-out in June 2023 are accounted for. This book forms the first comprehensive analysis of the Danish opt-outs, and the author argues that they hold legal significance in EU law in several ways, including as a novelty in the evolution of EU treaty law as well as a contribution to differentiated integration with a twist of ’legal schizophrenia’; yet they should also be seen as a tool of their time and therefore not necessarily as templates that can be copy-pasted.
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See, Eric S., Christopher M. Bellas, and Sarah A. See, eds. Guns 360. The Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group, 2022. https://doi.org/10.5040/9798881814854.

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Guns 360 takes a comprehensive and common-sense approach to some of the most difficult issues facing not only the criminal justice system but also society as a whole: firearm possession, regulation, and control. Issues related to firearms cut across all dimensions of society and are a concern to everyone from the members of the general public, law enforcement, academics, politicians, public health agencies, and the media. An interdisciplinary approach is needed to fully understand and appreciate the many facets related to firearms. Firearm related issues cover more than mere ownership and possession. School shootings and mass shootings dominate the headlines and cause fear for both parents and students. Firearm regulation and licensing divide politicians and create solid one issue voting blocks. Firearms used in domestic violence incidents and weapons owned and used by the mentally ill generate more victims than solutions. The marketing, messaging, and purchasing of firearms are all shaped by a variety of criminological, sociological, and psychological forces used to influence commercial behavior. This book combines academics in the fields of criminology, psychology, sociology, philosophy, economics, communications with practical experts with law enforcement, military, management, forensics, public health, medicine, and digital forensics backgrounds. This multidisciplinary approach has been brought together to further our understanding of firearms and their impacts on our society from every angle. Firearms will never disappear, nor will the controversy surrounding them suddenly turn into agreement. What can be accomplished however is an increased knowledge, understanding, and discussion of the complex topics involved within these debates.
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Book chapters on the topic "Complex solid solution"

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Xianfeng, Wang, and Norio Hasebe. "Complex Variable Solution of Plane Problem for Functionally Graded Materials." In Solid Mechanics and Its Applications. Springer Netherlands, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-0371-0_44.

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Xu, Jin. "Parallel Vertex Coloring DNA Computing Model." In Biological Computing. Springer Nature Singapore, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-3870-3_8.

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Abstract The non-enumerative DNA computing model presented in the preceding chapter has the remarkable ability to eliminate a vast number of non-solutions during the construction of the solution space. This effectively surmounts the issue of the exponential explosion of the solution space, thereby laying a solid foundation for further exploration into employing DNA molecules to address larger-scale and more complex problems.
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Barbet-Massin, Emeline, Eli van der Sluis, Joanna Musial, Roland Beckmann, and Bernd Reif. "Reconstitution of Isotopically Labeled Ribosomal Protein L29 in the 50S Large Ribosomal Subunit for Solution-State and Solid-State NMR." In Protein Complex Assembly. Springer New York, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7759-8_6.

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Andersson, T., M. Sundahl, O. Wennerström, and G. Westman. "C60-Fullerene in Water Solution, γ-Cyclodextrin Complex and Cluster of C60: An NMR and a Photophysical Study." In Springer Series in Solid-State Sciences. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-85049-3_8.

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Çelebi, Nevin, Osamu Shirakura, Yoshiharu Machida, and Tsuneji Nagai. "The Inclusion Complex of Piromidic Acid with Dimethyl-ß-cyclodextrin in Aqueous Solution and in the Solid State." In Inclusion Phenomena in Inorganic, Organic, and Organometallic Hosts. Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3987-5_52.

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Ueda, H., and T. Nagai. "The Inclusion Complex of Tolbutamide with Maltosyl(G2)- β-Cyclodextrin in Aqueous Solution and in the Solid State." In Proceedings of the Fourth International Symposium on Cyclodextrins. Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2637-0_44.

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Linkov, A. M. "Singular Solutions and Potentials in Complex Form." In Solid Mechanics and Its Applications. Springer Netherlands, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9914-6_3.

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Gerothanassis, I. P., P. J. Barrie, B. Birdsall, and J. Feeney. "31P NMR Studies of the Complex of NADPH and Methotrexate with Lactobacillus Casei Dihydrofolate Reductase in the Solid State-Comparisons with Studies in Solution." In Spectroscopy of Biological Molecules. Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0371-8_62.

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Fenyvesi, E., L. Jicsinszky, J. Szejtli, and R. Schwarzenbach. "Inclusion Complexes of UV Filters in Solution and in Solid State." In Proceedings of the Ninth International Symposium on Cyclodextrins. Springer Netherlands, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4681-4_151.

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Wuensch, Bernhardt J., and Kevin W. Eberman. "Changes in the Atomic Coordinates and State of Anion and Cation Order Induced by Alloying and Temperature Change in Y2[M(2)yM(1)1−y]2O7 Pyrochlore Solid Solutions." In Properties of Complex Inorganic Solids 2. Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1205-9_9.

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Conference papers on the topic "Complex solid solution"

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John, R. C., P. Spencer, A. D. Pelton, et al. "Predictions of Corrosion Products for Alloys Corroding in Complex Gases via Thermochemical Analyses." In CORROSION 2003. NACE International, 2003. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2003-03501.

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Abstract The capability to perform very user-friendly, thermochemical analyses of complex, real alloys corroding in complex, high-temperature gases has been developed. Predictions of the stabilities of complex assemblies of corrosion products formed by reactions of alloys containing Fe-Cr-Ni-Co-C-N and gases containing S-C-O-H-N species can now be done with unprecedented accuracy and generality. The thermochemical data models are based upon extensive analyses of all available thermochemical data for all possible solid and liquid compounds and solutions based upon all combinations of Fe-Cr-Ni-Co-S-C-O-N and for all possible gaseous species containing S-C-O-H-N. As well, the alloying elements Al, Mo, Nb, Ti, V, W, Mn and Si are fully included in the alloy and carbonitride solution models. Comprehensive and accurate solution models are used to assess the interactions of multiple species interactions in variable composition solid and liquid phase alloys, sulfides, oxides, carbides, and nitrides. This capability is used to predict the stable corrosion products, which are useful in inferring the dominant corrosion mechanism, in complex conditions.
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Kan, A. T., A. J. Gerbino, J. E. Oddo, and M. B. Tomson. "A Mechanistic Interpretation of the Precipitation and Dissolution of Divalent Metal Phosphonate." In CORROSION 1993. NACE International, 1993. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1993-93459.

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Abstract An electrostatic model is developed to model the pH, temperature, and ionic strength dependence of phosphonate ionization and complex formation. Using the approach, two calcium phosphonate precipitates have been studied. The initial calcium phosphonate phase formed is an amorphous material. Using a dialysis process, the amorphous solid gradually transforms into a crystalline solid via removal of phosphonate. The solubility product of the amorphous phase is 10−49.4. The crystalline material is three orders' magnitudes less soluble than the amorphous phase. The pH, temperature, and ionic strength dependence of the precipitation is discussed. The transformation between the two solids is a function of both temperature and solution to solid ratio. The precipitation--solid transformation--dissolution process can be used to model the retention and release of phosphonate following an inhibitor squeeze in oil and gas fields. Inhibitor squeezes and returns of five different oil and gas wells of widely different geological, physical, and chemical conditions are compared using this mechanistic interpretation.
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John, R. C., A. D. Pelton, P. Spencer, A. L. Young, and W. T. Thompson. "Alloy Carburization at Temperatures of 1,200 - 2,100°F (650 - L,150°C)." In CORROSION 2003. NACE International, 2003. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2003-03474.

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Abstract A large body of knowledge on the carburization of engineering alloys used in high-temperature petrochemical processing equipment is being developed. The capability includes: the facility to perform thermochemical assessments of carbide formation on complex alloys in diverse conditions and the capability to predict carburization for various exposure conditions. The alloys considered are widely used, commercial and based upon mixtures of Fe-Cr-Ni-Co. The gaseous exposure conditions considered contain CH4-H2-H2S-H2O. The thermochemical data models have been prepared to predict phase formation of potential corrosion products. They are based upon extensive analyses of all available thermochemical data for all possible solid and liquid compounds and solutions based upon all combinations of Fe-Cr-Ni-Co-S-C-O-N and for all possible gaseous species containing S-C-O-H-N. As well, the alloying elements Al, Mo, Nb, Ti, V, W, Mn and Si are fully included in the alloy and carbonitride solution models. Comprehensive solution models are used in Gibbs free energy minimization calculations to assess the interactions of multiple species in variable composition solid and liquid phase alloys, sulfides, oxides, carbides, and nitrides. This capability is used to predict the most stable corrosion product formation, which is then used to infer the dominant corrosion mechanism, in complex conditions.
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Shaw, S. S., and K. S. Sorbie. "Structure and Stoichiometry of Mixed Calcium–Magnesium–Phosphonate Scale Inhibitor Complexes for Application in Precipitation Squeeze Processes." In CORROSION 2014. NACE International, 2014. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2014-3865.

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Abstract Phosphonate scale inhibitors (SIs) applied in downhole squeeze applications may be retained in the near-well formation through adsorption and/or precipitation mechanisms. In this paper, we focus on the properties of precipitated “mixed” calcium and magnesium phosphonate complexes formed by nine common phosphonate species. By “mixed”, we mean anionic SI bound to both calcium and magnesium divalent cations, i.e. the complex SI_Can1_Mgn2 is formed where n1 and n2 are the stoichiometric coefficients for Ca and Mg, respectively. The stoichiometry (n1 and n2 or the Ca2+/P and Mg2+/P molar ratios) in various precipitates is established experimentally and the effect of solution pH on the molar ratios of Ca2+/P and Mg2+/P in the precipitate is determined. Static precipitation tests were carried out varying the amounts of Ca2+ and Mg2+ present in the system at test temperatures ranging from 20°C to 95°C, at a fixed [SI] = 2,000ppm. The solution molar ratio of Mg2+/Ca2+ was varied but the ionic strength of each test solution was kept constant. In addition, tests were also carried out with (i) only Ca2+ and SI present, and (ii) only Mg2+ and SI present. The molar ratios of Ca2+/P and Mg2+/P in the solid precipitates were determined by assaying for Ca2+, Mg2+ and P in the supernatant liquid under each test condition by ICP spectroscopy (Cao, Mgo and Po are known, but they are also measured experimentally). We show experimentally that the molar ratios of precipitated Ca2+/P and Mg2+/P (or Ca2+/SI and Mg2+/SI) depends on the nature of the SI (i.e. how many M2+ binding sites there are per molecule); solution pH; the relative magnitude of the SI binding constants to Ca2+ and Mg2+ at the test pH; and the solution molar ratio of Mg2+/Ca2+; for all phosphonates tested. It is found that, as pH increases, the combined molar ratio of Ca2+/P+Mg2+/P, i.e. n1+n2 in the SI_Can1_Mgn2 complex increases up to a theoretical maximum, depending on the chemical structure of the phosphonate. Our findings are consistent with proposed phosphonate SI−Ca2+-complex structures which were presented and discussed in two SPE technical papers (SPE 155114, 2012 and SPE 164051, 2013).
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Alghamdi, Talal M. "On-Site Sampling and Determination of Aliphatic Amines in Industrial Waste Water Using Solid Phase Microextraction (SPME)." In CORROSION 2014. NACE International, 2014. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2014-3935.

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Abstract Amine-based corrosion inhibitors are added to the crude oil streams to protect the pipelines from corrosive attacks by oxygen. Amine residuals should be monitored in the system and this is classically done by liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) of amines followed by colorimetric determination using spectrophotometry. Solid phase microextraction (SPME), a novel extraction technique, was used as a sample preparation technique to isolate the amines from the complex sample matrix and gas chromatography (GC) system was used for separation and quantification of amines. A flow-through system was used to simulate the process of flowing streams in pipelines during oil production. A method was developed to determine amine residuals at the lowest detection limit possible at the optimized conditions, such as solution pH and sand contents. It was found that residuals can be determined as low as 1 ng/mL using the GC/FID system. This method was developed in the lab using the flow-through system and synthesized waste water. This method is an environmental friendly technique that will minimize the use of hazardous solvents and hence the need for the proper disposal of them. Also it does not require pretreatment steps of samples and many reagents to be used in the extraction processes of amine residuals. Finally, it will provide more precise results in timely manner for better and quicker actions.
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Jackson, Tracey, and Jonathan Vargas. "Selective Loss of Bulk Corrosion Inhibitor Species When Exposed to Glass, Plastic, and Steel." In CORROSION 2020. NACE International, 2020. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2020-14999.

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Abstract Despite the widespread use of corrosion inhibitors (CIs) in the oil and gas industry much of their complex aggregation and adsorption behavior is still very poorly understood. CIs are surface active species meaning that when they are injected into aqueous solutions they naturally aggregate and migrate to gas-liquid, liquid-liquid, and solid-liquid interfaces. A better understanding of each CI component and how it adsorbs when exposed to various surfaces could lead to improved CI design, higher performance at lower dosages, as well as improved methods for residual detection. This paper uses advanced mass spectroscopy to follow the variation in concentration of bulk species presumably due to adsorption phenomena. In this study a CI mixture of quaternary amines and imidazolines was exposed separately to glass, plastic, and steel vials. Each individual solution was sampled every twenty minutes and injected into high performance liquid chromatography (HLPC or simply LC), electrospray ionization mass spectrometer (ESI-MS) with a time-of-flight (TOF) module to improve the mass precision of measurement. The results show that the various species in the CI mixture responded significantly different to glass, plastic, and steel, but in the presence of each vial the CI mixture showed significant losses in the bulk phase. The data show that some species appear to be unaffected in the bulk, and the loss of some species was as high as 98% in a 180 minute timeframe.
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Unitsky, A. E., and V. V. Yanchuk. "ENERGY AND TECHNOLOGY COMPLEX AS AN ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEM SOLUTION FOR SOLID FUEL POWER PLANTS." In SAKHAROV READINGS 2022: ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS OF THE XXI CENTURY. International Sakharov Environmental Institute of Belarusian State University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46646/sakh-2022-2-325-328.

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On the basis of the review conducted in this paper a method of sub-bituminous coal power plant construction together with technological complex and greenhouses is proposed. This solution would ensure environmental safety of energy production from solid fossil fuel using byproducts of one technology as primary products for other processes.
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He, L., A. Couet, K. Sridharan, et al. "Ion irradiation effects in face-centered cubic complex concentrated solid solution alloys at high temperature." In 2020 ANS Virtual Winter Meeting. AMNS, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.13182/t123-33315.

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Park, Y.-J., W.-Y. Kim, and Y.-B. Kang. "Phase equilibria of Al2TiO5–Ti3O5 pseudobrookite solid solution in the Al2O3–TiOx system under various oxygen partial pressures." In 12th International Conference of Molten Slags, Fluxes and Salts (MOLTEN 2024) Proceedings. Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy (AusIMM), 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.62053/mcam4452.

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The phase equilibria in the Al2O3–TiOx system were investigated in wide ranges of temperature and oxygen partial pressure: 1300~1600°C and 10-16.6~10-8 atm, respectively. The equilibrium phases and their compositions were identified using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and electron probe micro-analysis (EPMA), respectively. Most noticeably, a wide range of pseudobrookite solid solution was found in equilibrium with almost pure alumina. At each temperature, the cationic ratio expressed as RTi = nTi/(nAl + nTi)) of the pseudobrookite solid solution showed a noteworthy dependency on the oxygen partial pressure. This resulted in the formation of a broad range of pseudobrookite solid solutions, ranging from Al2TiO5 (RTi = 1/3) to Ti3O5 (RTi = 1.0). Complete miscibility within the pseudobrookite solid solution was observed at 1600°C, with only a minor miscibility gap becoming evident below 1500°C. Based on the results obtained in the present study, the behaviours of Al2TiO5 pseudobrookite have implications in two key domains: (1) understanding changes in the physical properties of the materials, and (2) elucidating the evolution of Al–Ti complex oxide inclusions in liquid steel which can deteriorate the steel cleanliness.
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Makudera, Alina, Sergej Lakiza, Olena Dudnik, and Viktor Red'ko. "The influence of the ZrO2 powder dispersion on the solid solutions formation during complex stabilization." In IXth INTERNATIONAL SAMSONOV CONFERENCE “MATERIALS SCIENCE OF REFRACTORY COMPOUNDS”. Frantsevich Ukrainian Materials Research Society, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.62564/m4-am2139.

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Thermal barrier coatings (TBC) are widely used in modern gas turbine engines to reduce the temperature of metal surfaces in turbine sections and combustion chambers, which can increase their service life and prevent the base material degradation. The coated product must withstand very high temperature, its cyclic change and stresses caused by temperature changes and operating conditions. The standard material of the thermal barrier coating (TBC) ceramic layer, ZrO2-based solid solution, stabilized (6−8% (wt.)) Y2O3 (YSZ), has approached the temperature limit of its application (&lt;1200 °C) due to sintering and phase transformation of t'-phase ZrO2 → T-ZrO2 + F-ZrO2 with subsequent formation of M-ZrO2. The creation of a new generation of TBC based on a ZrO2 solid solution comprehensively doped with REE oxides of the yttrium subgroup (heavy concentrate, HC) is relevant. The goal of the investigation is to determine the influence of the initial ZrO2 powder dispersion on the phase transformations of a ZrO2-based solid solution, comprehensively doped with a rare earth elements oxides mixture after heat treatment at 1400 °С. The composition for the investigation was chosen (wt.%): 70 M-ZrO2 + 30 HC. Two M-ZrO2 powders were used: nanocrystalline, obtained by the hydrothermal method, and fine-grained, industry produced. The mixtures were prepared by the ceramic method and fired at 1400 °C for 4-10 hours. Sampling was carried out after 2 hours. According to X-ray phase analysis, it was determined that the formation of T-ZrO2 in a mixture with hydrothermal M-ZrO2 begins after 4 hours of exposure, and in a mixture with fine-grained M-ZrO2 – after 8 hours. The final phase transformation M-ZrO2 → T-ZrO2 in both cases was completed after exposure for 10 hours. The first traces of T-ZrO2 were detected in a mixture with hydrothermal M-ZrO2 after 4 hours of exposure, and in a mixture with fine-grained ZrO2 – after 8 hours. Finally, M-ZrO2 disappears after an exposure for 10 hours.
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Reports on the topic "Complex solid solution"

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Hakmeh, Joyce, Emily Taylor, Allison Peters, and Sophia Ignatidou. The COVID-19 pandemic and trends in technology. Royal Institute of International Affairs, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.55317/9781784134365.

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Focusing on the dynamics between governments and big tech, on cybercrime, and on disinformation and fake news, this paper examines some of the risks that have been highlighted and aggravated as societies have transitioned at speed to a more virtual way of living. The COVID-19 pandemic has been called the ‘great accelerator’ of digital transformation, with technology at the forefront of countries’ response to the crisis. The experience of the past year has underscored that tech governance must be based on human-centric values that protect the rights of individuals but also work towards a public good. In the case of the development of track-and-trace apps, for instance, a successful solution should simultaneously be both respectful of individual privacy and robust from a cybersecurity perspective, while also effectively serving essential epidemiological goals. Ensuring a sound approach to tech policy has been made all the more complex by the context of the pandemic, as decision-makers have found themselves having to respond swiftly and decisively in a public health emergency. While there is considerable uncertainty as to the long-term consequences of their responses, the paper’s authors emphasize that a whole-of-society approach is needed that will restore and build greater public trust in the ability of governments and public-serving bodies to protect them, respect their rights and ensure the information they receive is solid and reliable.
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Bueta, Gregorio Rafael, Sonny Domingo, and Arvie Joy Manejar. Study on Circular Economy Pathways for Waste Management in the Philippines. Philippine Institute for Development Studies, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.62986/dp2023.46.

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Solid waste management has been a complex and evolving challenge for the Philippines. Since its passage more than two decades ago, Republic Act No. 9003, or the Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000, has anchored the country’s waste management initiatives. However, challenges persist in the policy’s implementation at both the national and subnational levels. The passage of the Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) Act of 2022 is a positive step towards improving waste management and achieving a circular economy (CE). Moreover, issues remain, including the need for clarity in the scope and definition of CE, operationalization of PROs, setting of costs and fees, the role of NGAs and LGUs, program targets, and informal sector participation. Nevertheless, recent policy and institutional developments present avenues for better stakeholder cooperation and collaboration and the application of technological solutions and innovations. The government needs to focus on bridging critical institutional and implementation gaps, including the creation and/or operationalization of the NEC and local solid waste management or environment offices, provision of technology, facilities, and waste management resources, and facilitation of public-private partnerships for capital and infrastructure needs.
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zur Loye, Hans-Conrad. A Synthetic Strategy to Prepare New Complex Uranium- and Thorium-Containing Oxides: Predictive Solid State Synthesis of New Composition using Radius Ratio Rules and Materials Discovery based on Crystal Growth from High Temperature Solutions. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1476440.

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Li, Hang, Hosam Hegazy, Xiaorui Xue, Jiansong Zhang, and Yunfeng Chen. BIM Standards for Roads and Related Transportation Assets. Purdue University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317641.

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With the industry foundation classes (IFC) building information modeling (BIM) standard (ISO 16739) being adopted by AASHTO as the national standard for modeling bridge and road infrastructure projects, there comes a great opportunity to upgrade the INDOT model development standard of roads and related assets to 2D+3D BIM. This upgrade complies with the national standard and creates a solid foundation for preserving accurate asset information for lifecycle data needs. This study reviewed the current modeling standards for drainage and pavement at different state DOTs and investigated the interoperability between state-of-the-art design modeling software and IFC. It was found that while the latest modeling software is capable of supporting interoperability with IFC, there remain gaps that must be addressed to achieve smooth interoperability for supporting life cycle asset data management. Specifically, the prevalent use of IfcBuildingElementProxy and IfcCourse led to a lack of differentiation in the use of IFC entities for the representations of different components, such as inlets, outfalls, conduits, and different concrete pavement layers. This, in turn, caused challenges in the quality assurance (QA) of IFC models and rendered the conventional model view definition (MVD)-based model checking insufficient. To address these gaps and push forward BIM for infrastructure at INDOT, efforts were made in this project to initially create model development instruction manuals that can serve as the foundation for further development and the eventual establish a consistent and comprehensive IFC-based modeling standards and protocols. In addition, automated object classification leveraging invariant signatures of architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) objects was investigated. Correspondingly, a QA method and tool was developed to check and identify the different components in an IFC model. The developed tool achieved 91% accuracy on drainage and 100% accuracy in concrete pavement in its tested performance. These solutions aim to support the lifecycle management of INDOT transportation infrastructure projects using BIM and IFC.
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Snyder, Victor A., Dani Or, Amos Hadas, and S. Assouline. Characterization of Post-Tillage Soil Fragmentation and Rejoining Affecting Soil Pore Space Evolution and Transport Properties. United States Department of Agriculture, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2002.7580670.bard.

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Tillage modifies soil structure, altering conditions for plant growth and transport processes through the soil. However, the resulting loose structure is unstable and susceptible to collapse due to aggregate fragmentation during wetting and drying cycles, and coalescense of moist aggregates by internal capillary forces and external compactive stresses. Presently, limited understanding of these complex processes often leads to consideration of the soil plow layer as a static porous medium. With the purpose of filling some of this knowledge gap, the objectives of this Project were to: 1) Identify and quantify the major factors causing breakdown of primary soil fragments produced by tillage into smaller secondary fragments; 2) Identify and quantify the. physical processes involved in the coalescence of primary and secondary fragments and surfaces of weakness; 3) Measure temporal changes in pore-size distributions and hydraulic properties of reconstructed aggregate beds as a function of specified initial conditions and wetting/drying events; and 4) Construct a process-based model of post-tillage changes in soil structural and hydraulic properties of the plow layer and validate it against field experiments. A dynamic theory of capillary-driven plastic deformation of adjoining aggregates was developed, where instantaneous rate of change in geometry of aggregates and inter-aggregate pores was related to current geometry of the solid-gas-liquid system and measured soil rheological functions. The theory and supporting data showed that consolidation of aggregate beds is largely an event-driven process, restricted to a fairly narrow range of soil water contents where capillary suction is great enough to generate coalescence but where soil mechanical strength is still low enough to allow plastic deforn1ation of aggregates. The theory was also used to explain effects of transient external loading on compaction of aggregate beds. A stochastic forInalism was developed for modeling soil pore space evolution, based on the Fokker Planck equation (FPE). Analytical solutions for the FPE were developed, with parameters which can be measured empirically or related to the mechanistic aggregate deformation model. Pre-existing results from field experiments were used to illustrate how the FPE formalism can be applied to field data. Fragmentation of soil clods after tillage was observed to be an event-driven (as opposed to continuous) process that occurred only during wetting, and only as clods approached the saturation point. The major mechanism of fragmentation of large aggregates seemed to be differential soil swelling behind the wetting front. Aggregate "explosion" due to air entrapment seemed limited to small aggregates wetted simultaneously over their entire surface. Breakdown of large aggregates from 11 clay soils during successive wetting and drying cycles produced fragment size distributions which differed primarily by a scale factor l (essentially equivalent to the Van Bavel mean weight diameter), so that evolution of fragment size distributions could be modeled in terms of changes in l. For a given number of wetting and drying cycles, l decreased systematically with increasing plasticity index. When air-dry soil clods were slightly weakened by a single wetting event, and then allowed to "age" for six weeks at constant high water content, drop-shatter resistance in aged relative to non-aged clods was found to increase in proportion to plasticity index. This seemed consistent with the rheological model, which predicts faster plastic coalescence around small voids and sharp cracks (with resulting soil strengthening) in soils with low resistance to plastic yield and flow. A new theory of crack growth in "idealized" elastoplastic materials was formulated, with potential application to soil fracture phenomena. The theory was preliminarily (and successfully) tested using carbon steel, a ductile material which closely approximates ideal elastoplastic behavior, and for which the necessary fracture data existed in the literature.
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