Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Complexe carbénique'
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Vignolle, Joan. "Approches de complexes carbéniques hétérosubstitués originaux." Toulouse 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006TOU30223.
Full textLeymet-Digelmann, Isabelle. "Etude de l'activation de la polymérisation du norbornene, amorcée par un complexe carbénique du tungstène." Paris 13, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA132013.
Full textVignolle, J. "Approches de complexes carbéniques hétérosubstitués originaux." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00192093.
Full textLe premier chapitre présente la synthèse et la chimie de coordination d'aminoarylcarbènes possédant un squelette biphényl ou binaphtyl. Dans les complexes obtenus, la topologie du squelette biaryl est différente de celle rencontrée dans les complexes de phosphines biarylées. En fait, les différences observées proviennent de l'hybridation sp2 ou sp3 du site donneur (phosphine ou carbène). Cette topologie particulière entraîne des modes de coordination originaux et différents de ceux mis en jeu dans les complexes de phosphines analogues. Des essais préliminaires en catalyse d'α-arylation de cétones ont donné des résultats encourageants pour le couplage de chlorure d'aryl à température ambiante.
Le deuxième chapitre présente la synthèse de complexes mixtes aminocarbène/phosphine par insertion d'un fragment métallique dans la liaison P-C d'un C-aminoylure. Appliquée à des C-(amino)ylures cycliques basés sur le squelette biphényl, cette méthodologie permet d'accéder à des complexes hétéroditopiques carbène/phosphine, analogues des complexes de BIPHEP et BINAP.
La synthèse et la coordination d'α-diazophosphines est décrite dans le troisième chapitre. Les complexes d'α-diazodiphosphines ne sont pas stables et se réarrangent en complexes de C-chlorodiphosphinométhanides. L'étude expérimentale et théorique de la dissociation de C-pyridinodiphosphinométhanides révèlent la formation transitoire de métalladiphosphinocarbènes. Les calculs DFT réalisés sur ce composé, montrent une structure électronique inversée tout à fait originale. Celle-ci est favorisée par des interactions transannulaires PdC dont la symétrie est opposée à celle rencontrée dans les complexes de Fischer (donation σPd→C et rétrodonation πC→Pd).
Lucas, Christine. "Etude de l'activation de la polymérisation d'alcynes terminaux amorcée par un complexe carbénique stable d'un métal de transition." Bordeaux 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988BOR10541.
Full textDespagnet, Emmanuelle. "Phosphinocarbènes : modes de stabilisation, coordination." Toulouse 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002TOU30073.
Full textBouhrara, Mohamed. "Préparation de matériaux catalytiques bien définis à site unique de type complexe carbénique N-hétérocyclique d’Au(I) : application à la réaction d’addition des alcools sur les alcynes." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LYO10193.
Full textN-heterocyclic carbene ligands have been described as interesting alternatives to tertiary phosphines in term of bonding and reactivity and have been therefore extensively studied as metallocarbene promotors. As a result, a large variety of homogeneous metal-NHC complexes have been developed and their impressive catalytic properties have been studied. However, such highly active homogeneous catalysts suffer from fast deactivation and separation problems from the reaction products. The immobilization of such complexes could overcome these drawbacks and that is the reason why this area has attracted much attention in the last ten years. The most common strategy for complexes immobilisation involves covalent grafting oforganosilane precursors onto solid support surfaces, via reaction with surface OH groups. Although this method provides a convenient way for introducing all kinds of organic moieties into solids, it does not permit the control of either their distribution in the final material or the nature of the surface species. The alternative methodology, to classical grafting, developed in this PhD project, is based on the design of organic-inorganic hybrid mesostructured materials containing NHC units along their pore channels or into their walls and the subsequent coordination on the NHC units with the Au organometallic precursor. These materials were prepared by sol-gel process using a templating route, via co-hydrolysis and co-polycondensation of an organotrialkoxysilane precursor and tetraethoxysilane. This strategy permits a control of: the ligands distribution into the silica matrix, the nature of the silica surface species and the organic moieties concentration. All the solids, from the starting hybrid material to the Au-NHC containing one, were fully characterized using various techniques: nitrogen adsorption-desorption at 77 K, transmission electron microscopy, small angle X-Ray diffraction, solid state NMR spectroscopy and elementary analysis. After screening the catalytic performances of these Au-NHC containing materials in several catalytic reactions (selective oxidation of alcohols, Suzuki cross-coupling and olefins diboration), their high catalytic activity in alcohols addition to alkynes reactions prompted us to study more deeply their catalytic behaviour (and that of their homogeneous homologues) in the reaction of methanol addition to 3-hexyne. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first use in catalysis of gold Nheterocyclic carbene complexes in this reaction
Tourneux, Jean-Christophe. "Complexes carbéniques nucléophiles de l'uranium." Thesis, Paris 11, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA112028/document.
Full textThe only stable f-metal carbene complexes (excluding NHC) metals f present R2C(2-) groups having one or two phosphorus atoms in the central carbon in alpha position. The objective of this work was to develop the chemistry of carbenes for uranium (metal 5f) with the dianion C{Ph2P(=S)}2(2-) (SCS(2-)) to extend the organometallic chemistry of this element in its various oxidation states (+3-6), and to reveal the influence of the 5f orbitals on the nature and reactivity of the double bond C=U.We first isolated the reactants M(SCHS) (M = Li and K) and demonstrated the role of the cation M+ on the evolution of the dianion M2SCS (M = Li, K, Tl) which is transformed into LiSCHS in THF or into product of intramolecular cyclization K2[C(PhPS)2(C6H4)]. We have developed the necessary conditions mono-, bis- and tris-carbene directly from the dianion SCS(2-) and UCl4, as the precursor used in uranium chemistry. The protonolysis reactions of amides compounds (U-NEt2) by the neutral ligand SCH2S were also studied.The compounds [Li(THF)]2[U(SCS)Cl3] and [U(SCS)Cl2(THF)2] were then used to prepare a variety of cyclopentadienyl and monocyclooctatétraényliques uranium(IV) carbene compounds of the DFT analysis of compounds [M(SCS)Cl2(py)2] and [M(Cp)2(SCS)] (M = U, Zr) reveals the strong polarization of the M=C double bond, provides information on the nature of the σ and π interactions in this binding, and shows the important role of f orbitals. The influence of ancillary ligands on the M=C bond is revealed by examining the effects of replacing Cl- ligands and pyridine by C5H5- groups. Mulliken and NBO analyzes show that U=C bond, unlike the Zr=C bond, is not affected by the change in environment of the metal center.While the oxidation tests of carbene complexes of U(IV) were disappointing, the first carbene complex of uranium(VI), [UO2(SCS)(THF)2], was isolated with the uranyl ion UO2(2+). The reactions of compounds UO2X2 (X = I, OTf) with anions SCS(2-) and SCHS- provide the first notable developments in the organometallic chemistry of the uranyl ion. DFT studies show the essentially ionic binding U(VI)-R and U(VI)=C and the small contribution of 5f orbitals covalently
Pujol, Anthony. "Les dianions géminés stabilisés comme ligands en chimie organométallique : synthèses de complexes carbéniques et dinucléaires pontés." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOU30037.
Full textCoordination chemistry of methanediide Ph2(S)PCP(S)Ph2Li2 was studied towards different transition metals. Firstly, it was used to form the first gold(III) carbene complex, characterized by several experimental techniques. The nature of the Au-C bond was examined by theoretical study, highlighting a four-electron interaction, overall non-bonding, along with a Highest Occupied orbital mainly localized on the carbon atom. Reactivity of the complex was probed in reactions with electrophiles (PhNCS, CS2), yielding [2+2] cycloaddition products, which displayed the nucleophilic character of the carbene ligand. In a second part, dimeric iron(II) complex [(SCS)Fe]2 was synthesized directly from the same dianionic ligand. Optimization work allowed us to isolate the product in large amount with a good crystalline yield. Preliminary characterization by Mössbauer spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry was conducted. Chemical oxidation of the compound by Me3NO led to the formation of a mixed-valence tetranuclear iron complex showing a unique molecular structure. Finally, biscarbene scandium complex [(SCS)2Sc]Li was used in transmetalation reactions with different metallic precursors (M = Fe, Co, Ni). Heterobimetallic products with two bridging dianionic ligands were isolated; a donor-acceptor interaction between the metallic centers can be postulated. Attempts to synthesize varied heterobimetallic complexes through a second transmetalation process provided so far only a mixture of homo and heterobimetallic products
Ren, Xiaoyu. "Synthèse et réactivité de complexes métalliques porteurs de ligands carbéniques N-hétérocycliques fonctionnels." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017STRAF081/document.
Full textPotentially bidentate hybrid ligands (containing a NHC donor associated with an ether or an amine) and tridentate NCN pincer-type ligands (containing a central NHC donor flancked by two chemically-different nitrogen donors (Nimine and Namine)) have been prepared and used for coordination to transition metals, such as Ni, Cr, Cu, Ir. The influence of the length of the alkyl chain, -(CH2)2- or -(CH2)3- connecting the ether or the amine group to the heterocycle NHC was examined. In order to have access to the transition metal complexes, several methodologies were adopted: a) deprotonation of the corresponding imidazolium salts followed by addition of transition metal precursors; b) transmetalation from NHC silver complexes; c) oxidative-addition reaction of Ni(0) with imidazolium salts or the corresponding protonated salts. A series of Ni(II), Cr(III) complexes were tested in the catalytic ethylene oligomerization reaction
Certal, Victor. "Synthèse diastéréo- et énantiosélective de buténolides par interaction des complexes carbéniques du chrome et du tungtène avec les dihydropyridines et les nucléophiles." Paris 6, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA066047.
Full textJullien, Hélène. "Étude de cycloisomérisations énantiosélectives d’énynes catalysées par des platinacycles carbéniques." Thesis, Paris 11, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA112320/document.
Full textEnyne cycloisomerisations induce the formation of cyclic or polycyclic compounds from unsaturated substrates in a single step. These réactions catalysed by transition metals have a great interest in organic synthesis. However enantioselective versions of thèse reactions remain rare. Carbenic platinacycles with chiral monophosphines as ligands have been developped in our team. These complexes have been successfully used in the cycloisomerisation of allylpropargylamides into azabicyclo[4.1.0]heptenes ; enantiomeric excess up to 97% have been attained. This catalytic system has been extended to the desymetrisation of allylpropargylamides bearing a second vinyl moiety (ee’s up to 95%). These catalysts have been used also in the cycloisomerisation of 1,5-enynes bearing an oxygene fonstion at the propargylic position. Enantiomeric excess up to 75% have been obtained
Heuclin, Hadrien. "Les dianions géminés comme précurseurs pour la synthèse de complexes carbéniques de métaux de transition." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2012. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00761254.
Full textBoutarfa, Djaber. "Polymérisation des oléfines cycliques avec les complexes chloro-aryloxy et chloro-aryloxy-carbéniques du tungstène." Lyon 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987LYO10534.
Full textBrousses, Rémy. "Études structurales de carbènes de Fischer et de complexes carbéniques N-hétérocycliques par diffraction des rayons X à haute résolution." Toulouse 3, 2013. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/2256/.
Full textHigh resolution X-ray diffraction analyses enable the experimental determination of the charge density distribution within compounds. In this context, we have investigated the structure of Fischer carbenes and N-heterocyclic carbene (NHCs) complexes of the first-row transition metals series, Mn(I) and Fe(II). At first, on the basis of the high-resolution structural analysis of the MeCp(CO)2Mn=C(Me)OEt complex, we will show that non-covalent interactions between the ethoxy substituent of the carbene ligand and the carbonyl ligands are responsible of the conformation of the Mn(I) piano-stool alkylalkoxy carbene complexes. Analysis of the Cp(CO)2Mn=C(Ph)OC6H2Cl3-2,4,6 complex revealed the existence of a non-covalent interaction between the aryl substituent and the proximal carbonyl group. We will show that, beyond its incidence on the conformation of the complexes, this type of interaction also induces a red-shift of the IR ?CO frequencies of the carbonyl ligand and as a consequence, modifies their response relative the electron-donicity of the ancillary ligands. Then, we were prompted to extend these studies to Mn(I) and Fe(II) NHC piano-stool complexes of the type Cp(CO)2Mn(NHC) and Cp(CO)2Fe(NHC). We will show that a non-covalent interaction between the aryl substituent of the NHC ligand and the proximal carbonyl group also occurs in this type of complexes. In the last part, we will focus on the synthesis and the structural characterization of Mn(II) NHC complexes resulting from the one-electron oxidation of the Cp(CO)2Mn(NHC) complexes cited above. These radical complexes appeared to be stable and one of them could be analyzed by high-resolution X-ray diffraction
Luart, Denis. "Etude de l'action du chlorure d'oxalyle sur des tétracarbonyl ferrates fonctionnalisés : accès à de nouveaux complexes bimétalliques et carbéniques." Brest, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BRES2007.
Full textMenozzi, Candice. "Réduction des liaisons multiples par les silanes et les complexes carbéniques de ruthéniumbTexte imprimé : synthèse d'alcaloïdes de type bis-pyrrolidinoindoline." Paris 6, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA066076.
Full textLlecha, Llop-Quignard Françoise. "Métathèse des oléfines avec les complexes chloro-aryloxy et chloro-aryloxy-carbéniques du tungstène VI : application à la synthèse de phéromones." Lyon 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985LYO19029.
Full textPaillet, Christophe. "Etude des complexes chloro-aryloxy-carbéniques du tungstène et de leur réactivité en métathèse des oléfines : application à la synthèse de l'isononadiène : une nouvelle voie d'accès au citral." Lyon 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LYO10135.
Full textLe, Gall Nathalie. "Formation de composés mono et bimétalliques disubstitués par réaction de tétracarbonyle ferrates fonctionnalisés avec des agents électrophiles ou oxydants. Étude de leur évolution vers des complexes carbéniques ou trimétalliques." Brest, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BRES2043.
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