Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Comportement à la déformation'
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Saad, Patricia. "Modélisation et identification du comportement non linéaire des cales en caoutchouc." Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 2003. http://bibli.ec-lyon.fr/exl-doc/psaad.pdf.
Full textWe develop a numerical model to compute non linear rubber bush response. The objective is to take into account elasticity, damping, and non linear properties in a simple model dedicated to full vehicle modelling simulation. It is therefore important that the constitutive model a accurately capture theses aspects of the mechanical behaviour. To take into account these properties, Finite Element Codes use several complex constitutive laws. All these constituve equations can be integrated in finite element models and many algorithms are developed for this purpose. The main drawback of this procedure is its complexity. The number of dof is too high to be integrated in a vehicle study. Our work aims at giving a simplified approximation of the force as a function of the displacement and its derivatives, starting from a microscopic constitutive equation. Starting from a finite element model and a constutive law, we want to generate an equivalent rheological model, with a few dof. This model aims at predicting the frequency response of the bush, function of its geometry, of the load, of the parameters of the constitutive law. To do so, we approximate the displacement as a linear combination of admissible kinematic displacement fields, according to the Rayleigh-Ritz approximation. Hyperelastic models are used to fit on linear quasi static force deflection curves. Viscoelastic constitutive laws are also developped. In order to predict amplitude dependency observed when we measure steady state harmonic response, we use a Volterra development of the stress strain constitutive equation. To take into account preload effects, we linearize a viscohyperelastic model. The predictions of these models are compared to experimental data
MING, YAN LIU. "Comportement viscoplastique des polymères techniques a grande déformation et à grande vitesse de déformation (loi de comportement-critère de la rupture-essais dynamiques-identification, optimisation)." Paris, CNAM, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986CNAM0075.
Full textZenasni, Mohammed. "Caractérisation expérimentale et modélisation du comportement du cuivre en grandes déformations : sensibilité à la vitesse." Metz, 1992. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/1992/Zenasni.Mohammed.SMZ9234.pdf.
Full textThe subject of the thesis was to analyse the rate sensitivity of polycrystalline copper at large strains, order of 300 % in shear. This subject has not been so far explored and literature sources are extremely limited. On the other hand there is a great interest in including the rate effects in constitutive modelling. The torsional Hopkinson Bar (Kolsky apparatus) has been used to study the rate affects at high strain rates. At lower strain rates in shear than 300 s-1, a fast torsion machine was also employed. New computer programs developed in this purpose permitted for complete analyses of the shear stress vs. Shear strain curves at different strain rates. Tests with changes of strain rate have also been performed and the results studied within the framework of constituve modelling based on evolution of the mean dislocation densites. In general, application of the constitutive formalism based on evolution of microstructure and thermal activation (rate sensitivity of strain hardening and instantaneous rate sensibility) gave good results in modelling and comparison with experimental data
Delon-Martin, Chantal. "Superplasticité d'un alliage aluminium-magnésium : mécanismes de déformation et comportement à l'endommagement." Grenoble INPG, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999INPG0158.
Full textChangeux, Benoît. "Loi de comportement pour l'usinage : localisation de la déformation et aspects microstructuraux." Paris, ENSAM, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001ENAM0012.
Full textKonaté, Yaya. "Etude du comportement de films d'adhésif : application aux capteurs à jauges de déformation." Lille 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LIL10041.
Full textDuchaussoy, Amandine. "Déformation intense d'alliages d'aluminium à durcissement structural : mécanismes de précipitation et comportement mécanique." Thesis, Normandie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NORMR135.
Full textThe combination of two mechanisms to increase mechanical strength, namely precipitation and grain size reduction, has been explored in this thesis in the aim of increasing the properties of age hardenable aluminum alloy from the 7### series.Manufacturing by severe plastic deformation makes it possible to obtain nanostructured alloys with high density of grain boundaries, which allows increasing the yield strength according to the Hall-Petch law. However, the high density of defects (dislocations, vacancies, grain boundaries ...) and the internal stresses generated by this deformation results in inherently unstable nanostructures when precipitation heat treatment is performed. These nanostructures experience rapid grain growth and drastic changes in precipitation mechanisms (heterogeneous precipitation, accelerated kinetics).In this work we have studied nanostructures obtained by severe plastic deformation using HPT and HPS (High pressure torsion / sliding) on a model alloy, Al-2% Fe and a commercial alloy AA7449 enriched with iron. The strategy was to stabilize the ultra-fine grain structure by intermetallic iron-rich nanoparticles (Zener pinning) to allow homogeneous precipitation hardening and thus combine the two mechanisms to increase the yield strength. In this context, we have particularly investigated: 1) the influence of solutes on the physical mechanisms leading to dynamic recrystallization nanostructuring; 2) specific mechanisms involved in co-deforming phases with very different mechanical behaviors; 3) the phase transformations that may lead either to the formation of a supersaturated solid solution or, on the contrary, to the decomposition of a solid solution by deformation-induced precipitation; 4) the relationship between the nanostructures thus generated, their thermal stability and related mechanical properties.The observation of the microstructures and understanding of the mechanisms induced by the deformation and relations with the mechanical behavior has been undertaken with many techniques: scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM/TEM), ASTAR (orientation mapping by TEM), and atom probe tomography. The study of precipitation was carried out by DSC (differential scanning calorimetry), SAXS (small angle X-ray scattering) and in-situ TEM. Finally, the relationship with the mechanical behavior has been established on the basis of tensile tests and micro-hardness measurements
Fénart, Pascal. "Caractérisation du comportement hydromécanique des massifs rocheux fissurés." Montpellier 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002MON20196.
Full textBagassi, M'hammed. "Comportement hydrodynamique des macromolécules dans les milieux poreux fins en régime de déformation faible." Brest, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986BRES0004.
Full textBelotteau, Jeanne. "Comportement et rupture d’un acier au C-Mn en présence de vieillissement sous déformation." Thesis, Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009ECAP0002/document.
Full textPas de résumé en anglais disponible
Petiteau, Jean-Christophe. "Caractérisation expérimentale et modélisation du comportement des élastomères en dynamique rapide : application aux plots de suspension." Phd thesis, Ecole centrale de nantes - ECN, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00841462.
Full textHarrabi, Lotfi. "Comportement viscoélastique à grande déformation des composites élastomères : textile utilisés dans les équipements de protection." Mémoire, École de technologie supérieure, 2009. http://espace.etsmtl.ca/1244/1/HARRABI_Lotfi.pdf.
Full textDib, Wassim. "Comportement mécanique de tissus à voiles, en fibres synthétiques, sous sollicitations biaxiales et déformation finie." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENI006/document.
Full textThis work deals with theoretical, experimental and numerical studies of the mechanical behavior of woven materials and laminated fabrics, made with synthetic fibers, for the manufacture of sails, such as polyester or Kevlar. An original theoretical approach was proposed, it allows taking into account the specific behavior of yarns, of coating and their interactions. The resulting modeling allows describing the behavior of woven materials and laminated fabrics, in the case of complex cyclic biaxial loadings, taking into account finite deformations, nonlinear viscous effects, time-independent irreversibility and anisotropy. The implementation of this modeling was performed in a finite element code, in order to produce an operational tool for the design and calculation of sails. The proposed theoretical approach has been validated through a detailed experimental study, which was conducted on material “Dacron SF HTP Plus”. Thus, we performed various monotonous and cyclic tensile tests, which were strain or load-controlled. Some of these tests include relaxation sequences. These tests were conducted in the axes of the material, in the warp and weft directions, as well as off-axis or bias orientations, from 5 ° to 45 ° with respect to the warp direction. Further experimental results were also obtained on a laminated “Kevlar X15” and a woven “Dacron SF HTM simple” fabrics. Finally, numerical simulations of the biaxial tensile test were performed and were used for studying homogeneity of the stress and the strain fields in the cases of three different contours of biaxial-tensile samples
García, González Rafael. "Etude du comportement sous déformation de copolymères à blocs SBS et SBM à morphologie lamellaire." Lyon, INSA, 2006. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2006ISAL0045/these.pdf.
Full textWe have study the structure-properties relation of SBS and SBM black copolymers, where S is the polystyrene, B the polybutadiene and M the poly(methyl-methacrylate), These materials belong to the category of the lamellar "nana structured materials ". We studied the mechanical properties of oriented films in "linear" and in "non linear" conditions. We put in evidence the strain's effects in the microstructure evolution according to the orientation of the applied stress. We used some complementary experimental techniques as the transmission electronic microscopy and optic, the infrared dichroisme, the small angles X ray scattering, the analysis of the stress-strain curves, the measures of DMA. The most interesting results concern the modification of the oriented system's microstructure under strain observed in-situ through the infrared dichroisme and the X-rays scattering, the first shows the structural changes to the level of the chains conformations, and the second allowed us to analyze the structural modifications to the levels of the nanostructured domains. In this way we give account of the evolutions of the texture and the interrelationship with the mechanical behavior. As we could note the mechanical behavior proved to be very different according to the lamellae orientation in relation to the main axis of the solicitation
Jarkas, Marwan. "Etude expérimentale et modélisation du comportement viscoplastique du titane pur à grande vitesse de déformation." Metz, 1999. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/1999/Jarkas.Marwan.SMZ9927.pdf.
Full textThe object of this thesis is the development of a model of viscoplastic behavior for titanium-alpha, which is based on the evolution of the microstructure. In order to establish the framework of the study and to isolate the variables which we use thereafter, we start by presenting the phenomena which are generally observed at the time of the plastic deformation. The first difficulty which arises during the stablishment of behavior is the choice of the internal variables (like the density of dislocations and the presence of the twins). Those must be independant and representative of the phenomena which one wants to model. Moreover, they must be operational, i. E. That one can measure their experimental value indeed, preferably simply, if not directly. The first experimental part includes the development of a device of compression and a series of mechanical tests on titanium pure. The experimental method adopted for our tests is the direct impact. This completely original method consists of a direct impact of the projectile with flat end, propelled by a gas gun, on the test-tube. This device makes it possible to reach very high speeds of deformation (~ 5x10(4) s-1) and to choose in advance the impact speed of the projectile. The second part consists of the reformulation of a model starting from considerations on the physical mechanisms and the restitution of phenomena related to the history of the loading
Lévesque, Julie. "Modélisation et simulation du comportement des alliages de magnésium lors de la déformation à chaud." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2007. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/1841.
Full textLefêvre, Franck. "Comportement en cisaillement et évolution de la morphologie des discontinuités rocheuses." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999INPL058N.
Full textJuanicotena, Antoine. "Etude théorique et expérimentale du comportement viscoplastique des matériaux aux grandes déformations et grandes vitesses de déformation : application à l'acier Mars 190 et au tantale." Metz, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998METZ024S.
Full textEl, Moustapha Khadijatou. "Identification d'une loi de comportement enrichie pour les géomatériaux en présence d'une localisation de la déformation." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01033438.
Full textMoustapha, Khadijetou El. "Identification de lois de comportement enrichie pour les géomatériaux en présence d'une localisation de la déformation." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENI029/document.
Full textThe strain localisation modelling of geomaterials requires the use of enhanced models, able to regularise the boundary value problem, by introducing a characteristic length. In this research work, we have chosen to use second gradient models. A question then arises, concerning the identification of second gradient constitutive parameters. This PhD research work aimed to develop an identification method to obtain theses parameters. The study proposed here covers a parametric identification of a constitutive law written in the local second gradient formalism. A part of this identification may be performed through homogenous tests, however the complete identification requires the consideration of high gradient deformation modes, as it is the case where localized deformation is observed. The identification procedure developed uses experimental results from mechanical tests on Vosges sandstone, for which the deformation mode was characterised by kinematic field measurement, including the localized regime. A certain number of observable data can be extracted from these tests, they are then used for the comparison between experimental and numerical data. It is necessary to compute the sensitivity matrix in order to optimise the observables data. In this sense, two sensitivity studies have been carried out, allowing the evaluation of the influence of each constitutive parameter on the selected data. This first analyse concern the homogenous part of the tests. Constitutive parameters involved in this part can be then optimized. The second analyse concerns the localized regime and the sensitivity matrix computation. Once this is achieved, the optimization of the observable data can be conducted. Each observable data can be optimised independently. A set of constitutive parameters is proposed. It allows a good matching between experimental and numerical results at two confining pressures ; 20 and 30 MPa
Lechartier, Audrey. "Influence de la transformation martensitique induite par la déformation sur le comportement mécanique d’aciers inoxydables duplex." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAI107/document.
Full textDuplex stainless steels offer an attractive combination of high mechanical properties, low thermalconductivity and a relatively low cost. They are increasingly used as structural materials such as inthe construction sector as concrete reinforcement bars, where both high strength (Rm > 900 MPa)and high elongation to failure (A% > 15 %) are required. This thesis aims at improving the strength/ elongation compromise by developing new duplex stainless steel compositions experiencing a wellcontrolledmartensitic transformation induced by plasticity (TRIP effect). The optimisation of thiscompromise has required a good understanding of the transformation mechanisms and of plasticdeformation associated with each phase : ferrite (BCC), austenite (FCC) and martensite (BCC).The influence of martensitic transformation on mechanical behavior has been studied in four duplexgrades of variable austenite stability as a function of their chemical composition. The influence ofmultiphase microstructure on martensitic transformation kinetics has been determined by makingthree alloys respectively representative of a duplex grade and its two constituents (austenite andferrite). Using multiple characterization techniques at different scales has allowed determiningboth the transformation mechanisms and its kinetics as a function of strain, giving thus accessto the influence of transformation on the mechanical behavior. The study of kinematic fields hashighlighted the impact of the martensitic phase on the distribution of deformations. Finally, theuse of a mechanical model taking explicitly into account the phase transformation has allowed theduplication of the mechanical behavior of a duplex stainless steel
Uenishi, Akihiro. "Comportement thermodynamique à grandes vitesses de déformation des aciers sans interstitiels à durcissement par solution solide." Paris 13, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA132035.
Full textAchor, Zyad Khalid. "Étude du comportement élastoviscoplastique d'un polycarbonate à grande vitesse de déformation : simulation numérique du cisaillement adiabatique." Metz, 1999. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/1999/Achor_Zyad.Khalid.SMZ9932.pdf.
Full textHizoum, Kamel. "Sur la modélisation du comportement viscoélastique des polymères : Influence de la vitesse de déformation et microstructure." Strasbourg 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007STR13164.
Full textVernusse, Philippe. "Comportement mécanique d'un matériau microhétérogène : application à la déformation à chaud d'aciers à deux phases ductiles." Grenoble INPG, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993INPG4208.
Full textProt, Marianne. "Comportement mécanique de l'os spongieux à différentes vitesses de déformation. : relations entre architecture et réponse mécanique." Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ENAM0030/document.
Full textIn order to develop means of protection and prevention for people and their activities, this thesis manuscript contributes towards understanding failure mechanisms under different loading rates. The behavior of cancellous bovine bone, unconfined, with marrow, has been studied over a range of 8 strain rates, from quasi-static (10-3/s) to dynamic (600/s) regimes. For the latter, specific interrupted compression experimental techniques were developed. The pre-compression micro CT architectural characterization highlighted relevant architectural parameters and the role this organization may have in the behavior of cancellous bone under different regimes. The fracture surfaces of the specimen were observed by post compression micro CT imaging. Despite the large experimental data base (127 samples), all architectural configurations present in individuals could not be tested. A first architectural generator was then developed to digitally create bone structures. Whilst avoiding the destructive nature of the test and the dependence of the samples, this tool contributes to the understanding of the fracture mechanisms of cancellous bone over a large range of strain rates. Finally, the immediate prospects for this work include the validation of the architectural generator using the discrete element method
Rozycki, Patrick. "Contribution au développement de lois de comportement pour matériaux composites soumis à l'impact." Valenciennes, 2000. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/7111b587-a841-4752-8ca0-c24897f59bb2.
Full textGaweska, Izabela. "Comportement à haute température des bétons à haute performance évolution des principales propriétés mécaniques." Phd thesis, Ecole des Ponts ParisTech, 2004. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00001147.
Full textMrabet, Kaïs. "Comportement mécanique en grandes déformations du polyéthylène haute densité : approche thermodynamique de l'état relaxé." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003INPL036N.
Full textThe semicrystalline polymers are the subject of many scientific researchs aiming to understanding their microscopic mechanisms of deformation. Nevertheless, the modelling which we currently find in the literature do not approach the mechanical tests with unloading or the cyclic tests at large strains. Among the reasons of these insufficiencies appears themultiplicity of the internal reorganization processes which is seldom described finely in the physical modelling. Moreover, a main aspect of the semicrystalline polymer behaviour is often ignored, it acts of the relaxed state. Within the framework of formalism Distribution of Non Linear Relaxation (D. N. L. R. ), we are interested more closely in these two aspects of the mechanical behaviour: multiplicity of the mechanisms, relaxed state. To clarify these two concepts, the objective was to characterize the relaxed state at large strains and to propose a physical modelling based on the thermodynamics of irreversible processes and on the microscopic aspects of the deformation. The distribution of the weights of the various modes has been described following observations given by a clip tests. The material used is the High Density Polyethylene HOPE. The tests were carried out with VideoTraction technology. The relaxed state modulus measured during tension loading is definitely more important than that of the unloading, which translates a damage phenomenon. The irreversibility of the relaxed state imposes that the modelling must use a functional formulation which integrates the memory effect and damage. In addition, the dip test has shawn the presence of mechanical cross over. A bibliographical study showed that this phenomenon is closely related to the processes multiplicity. Thus, we have shawn that the modal partition adopted in practice has to be re-examined. We have shawn that the modelling set up is able to reproduce complex loadings, in particular the cyclic tests with relaxation, and to predict behavior very depending on the. Loading history and the irreversible relaxed state
Cagnon, Hugo. "Influence des variations thermo-hydro-mécaniques sur le comportement différé du béton." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU30135/document.
Full textWithin the framework of the Cigéo project, introduced by Andra, for the future storage of the Intermediate-Level (ILW) radioactive waste underground, the experimental study of High Performance Concretes (HPC) under non-standard Thermo-Hydro-Mechanical (THM) solicitations is really important to be able to predict the long-term mechanical behaviour of structures. The study is divided in three parts and its purpose focus on THM couplings effects. First of all, the free thermal deformation coupled or not with desiccation of the constituents of concrete (aggregates and cement paste) and concrete were measured and analyzed for various degrees of saturation in order to understand the origin of the possible thermal damage. Secondly, the study of delayed deformations, shrinkage and creep, of a HPC at 20°C and under variable Relative Humidity (between 100% and 50% RH) was led to estimate the evolutions of the long-term deformations of these concretes when they are subjected to drying and rehumidification cycles under load. The last phase of this research concerns the study of the HPC subjected to more complex THM solicitations, such as transient thermal deformation, to analyze the other coupling effects at moderate temperatures (until 70°C). The experimental results allowed to improve the understanding of the phenomena and the couplings which govern shrinkage and creep of HPC and to integrate them into a THM model
Nguyen, Dang-Truc. "Prédiction des déformation permanentes des couches de surface des chaussées bitumineuses." Phd thesis, Ecole des Ponts ParisTech, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00148791.
Full textJia, Bin. "Caractérisation expérimentale et modélisation du comportement de l'acier inoxydable 304 sous différentes vitesses de déformation et températures." Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ENAM0056.
Full textDue to the unique Transformation Induced Plasticity (TRIP) effect, 304 austenitic stainless steel (ASS) is widely used in many engineering areas. During working and manufacturing process or in service, it may undergo deformation over a wide range of strain rates and temperatures. The current work presents a systematic deformation behavior study of 304 ASS by both experiments and numerical simulations. With an original cooling device coupled to the split Hopkinson pressure bar system, the compression behavior at strain rates between 0.001 s-1 and 3000 s-1 and temperatures between -163°C and 172°C was investigated. An extension of the Rusinek-Klepaczko (RK) model considering strain-induced martensitic transformation (SIMT) phenomenon was also used to simulate the thermo-viscoplastic behavior of this steel. To study the deformation behavior at extremely high strain rates exceeding 3000 s-1, a new single shear zone (SSS) specimen has been proposed and validated. Then, the effects of strain rate between 3000 s-1 and 39000 s-1 was analyzed. Finally, with a specially designed cooling device, the ballistic impact behavior under initial projectile velocities between 80 and 180 m.s-1 and temperatures between -163°C and 200°C was studied. By comparison between experiments and numerical simulations for perforation, the previously obtained constitutive relations were validated
Dahoun, Abdesselam. "Comportement plastique et textures de déformation des polymères semi-cristallins en traction uniaxiale et en cisaillement simple." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1992. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/prive/INPL_T_1992_DAHOUN_A.pdf.
Full textBenselama, Adel Mustafa. "Modélisation numérique du comportement d'une particule sous champ électrique dans les microsystèmes : de la déformation au déplacement." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005GRE10180.
Full textA new numerical tool to predict the motion and deformation of particles subjected to an electric field in biological Microsystems has been developed. In a middle term, this tool will be used to optimize Lab-on-a-chip devices in the earliest design stages. Particles are handled in Microsystems by dielectrophoresis, which is associated to the motion induced by the polarization of dielectric materials when subjected to a nonuniform electric field. The numerical tool uses to follow the deformation of moving interfaces is the Boundary Element Method (BEM). Flows are supposed to be potential. This tool permits us to find Taylor results in droplets shapes and instability development in both DC and AC uniform electric field. The tool also fits well, when displacement is involved, as non uniform electric field is applied, with simplified analytical models. At this point, we do think that our numerical tool can be extended to deal with more general electrohydrodynamic problems
Toussaint, Evelyne. "Thermodynamique non linéaire des processus irréversibles et comportement mécanique des matériaux : modélisation et interprétation microphysique." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPL146N.
Full textMakki, Lamis. "Comportement de retrait-gonflement des sols en période de sécheresse." Paris 6, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA066657.
Full textBonnet, Bénédicte. "Comportement au choc de matériaux composites pour applications automobiles." Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00152868.
Full textAfin d'identifier les phénomènes dissipatifs au sein de ces matériaux et de mieux comprendre leur évolution avec la vitesse de sollicitation, une étude expérimentale a été menée incluant des observations microscopiques et des essais mécaniques à différentes vitesses de déformation comprises entre 10-4 s-1 et 100 s-1. Les essais réalisés à vitesse quasi-statique (<10-1 s-1) sont des essais de traction, de compression, de charge-décharge et de traction-compression. L'étude en dynamique (≥10-1 s-1) consiste en la réalisation d'essais de traction. Une étude approfondie de cet essai complexe a par ailleurs été réalisée afin d'améliorer l'analyse des résultats.
Un modèle de comportement unifié, valable pour des sollicitations statiques et dynamiques, est ensuite proposé. Il prend en compte les phénomènes d'endommagement, de viscoélasticité et de viscoplasticité observés lors de l'étude expérimentale. Son écriture très générale permet de modéliser le comportement de nombreuses familles de matériaux composites. Il a été implémenté dans le code de calcul ZéBuLoN et identifié pour les deux matériaux étudiés.
Enfin, plusieurs essais de validation sont présentés, sur structures simples (flexion à différentes vitesses, choc multiaxial) mais aussi sur pièces industrielles (choc sur poutre d'absorption...).
Jridi, Nidhal. "Contribution à la modélisation du comportement dynamique d'un dispositif élastomérique." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSEC032/document.
Full textThis work is conducted as international collaboration with " Airbus Safran Launchers ", " Ecole Centrale de Lyon " and " National Engineering School of Tunis ". Elastomeric compounds are widely used in industry for their high deformability and damping capabilities. Subjected to complex combinations of manufacturing and service loadings, elastomers show the fact to undergo severe loading conditions and the load case of large static predeformation superimposed by small amplitude dynamic excitation is commonly encountred for industrial applications e.g tires, shock-absorbing bushes, construction industry, aerospace applications... To design such industrial compounds efficiently, it is of major importance to predict the response of the products through simple modeling processes which have multiplied analysis methods: experimental, theoretical and numerical. Within this context, the present work focuses on design and analysis of dynamic properties of an elastomeric device at a predeformed configuration. To this end, three rubber mixtures have been experimentally investigated: Natural Rubber (NR), Bromobutyl (BIIR) and a mixture of both (NR/BIIR). A discussion is made with concern to experimental set-up as well as the used procedures for an efficient specimens testings. Within these findings, we made judgement on the predictive capabilities, in time and frequency domains, of some single integral based hyper-visco-elastic models under time-strain seperability assumption. The considered models are widely used for engineering applications and focus have been made on the Simo model implemented in finite element commercial software Abaqus. This work is followed by an application on an industrial component. In the framework of this thesis, the finite element calculation code ABAQUS 6.14 was used to investigate the dynamic properties of such structure. An analysis methodology have been presented to carefully identify the set of parameters with the objective of satisfaction of some industrial requirements mainly mass, stiffness and damping capabilities
Beaude, Nicolas. "Etude théorique et expérimentale du comportement élasto-plastique et de la localisation de la déformation dans les monocristaux." Paris 13, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA132005.
Full textCouture, Cyrille. "Caractérisation du comportement mécanique de grès poreux en condition triaxiale vraie : déformation diffuse et localisée, effet de l'anisotropie." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020GRALI058.
Full textThe objective of this doctoral thesis consists in the characterization of diffuse and localized deformations during monotonic loading of both isotropic and anisotropic porous sandstones. In particular, the kinematics of emerging and persistent strain localization structures are investigated in a combination of complementary experimental, analytical and numerical approaches, exploring the effect of different true triaxial loading paths in the octahedral plane.A series of experimental loading tests have been performed in a laboratory environment comprising a high pressure true triaxial apparatus (TTA), which is designed to provide access to full-field measurements of one of the sample surfaces at high spacial and temporal resolutions. Important developments contributed in this work enabled to extend the capabilities for this apparatus to perform invariant controlled loading paths, while acquiring direct strain measurements from a combination of strain gauges and digital image correlation (DIC). Using this apparatus, two experimental campaigns have been realized, focusing on the mechanical characterization of both a well-studied isotropic Vosges sandstone and a newly studied anisotropic Vosges sandstone. The later sandstone has been selected for the organization of its granular fabric in thin bedding plane layers of variable porosity. The results from these series of mechanical loading experiments contribute an original insight into the emergence and development of localized deformation during different stages of loading. A combined analysis is performed on the evolution of the macroscopic stress-strain responses, full-field measurements of incremental strains through DIC, as well as post-mortem x-ray tomography. Additionally, in this investigation exploring rarely considered loading paths, the independent role of the mean stress, the Lode angle and the orientation of the bedding planes is systematically studied according to their respective influence on the material strength, the manifestation of localized structures and the transition towards a ductile behavior of the material.In terms of analytical development, a bifurcation analysis is proposed for a novel three invariant model, validated with experimental results obtained for the isotropic sandstone. This theoretical model, proved to be successful in predicting both the deformation band inclination and the dilatancy angle of the material at failure.In parallel, a double scale model based on numerical homogenization is presented. In this approach, a macro 2D finite element model (FEM) is coupled to a micro 3D discrete element model (DEM) at the particle scale of a representative elementary volume (REV) in the frame of a hierarchical scheme (FEMxDEM), with second gradient regularization. This model is extended in the scope of this work to the study of cemented granular materials, with the development of a frictional-cohesive damageable contact law, implemented at the DEM level. In an extensive series of true triaxial loading simulations, the hierarchical numerical model is used to explore both the influence of different micro-structural arrangements (DEM) and heterogeneities at the sample scale (FEM). In this respect, two types of anisotropies resulting from heterogeneities defined at each scales are further investigated. The mechanical response and localized deformation, emerging from the micro-scale constitutive model, is shown to display significant correspondence with experimental observations in the studied Vosges sandstones.This combination of advanced experimental, analytical and numerical studies contributes a unique insight into important and open questions regarding the mechanical response and deformation processes of cemented granular materials
Bohatier, Claude. "Etude des grandes déformations de solides viscoplastiques, contacts dissipatifs et évolutifs, extension au comportement élasto-viscoplastique." Nice, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986NICE4015.
Full textVautrot, Mathieu. "Étude du comportement mécanique des matériaux dans des conditions étendues de vitesses et de températures : application à l'acier C68 dans le cas d'une opération de formage incrémental." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00795973.
Full textCui, Kai. "Vers une approche hydro-mécanique du comportement des sols cultivés : expérimentations et simulations." Phd thesis, AgroParisTech, 2008. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00003967.
Full textValès, Frédéric. "Modes de déformation et d'endommagement de roches argileuses profondes sous sollicitations hydro-mécaniques." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2008. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00004758.
Full textFouial, Karim. "Nouvelle méthode d'interprétation des mesures des contraintes par surcarottage adaptée aux roches à comportement non linéaire ou fracturées." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPL109N.
Full textMansuy, Philippe. "Contribution à l'étude du comportement viscoplastique d'un multicristal de glace : hétérogénéité de la déformation et localisation, expériences et modèles." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00701289.
Full textBlanchard, Samuel. "Caractérisation du comportement non-linéaire des matériaux à partir d'essais statiquement indéterminés et de champs de déformation fortement hétérogènes." Phd thesis, Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambresis, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00508989.
Full textCaetano, Lydie. "Comportement en compression et cisaillement d’un contre-plaqué de bouleau, essais aux grandes vitesses de déformation et températures cryogéniques." Thesis, Lorient, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORIS475/document.
Full textThe wood is a natural cellular material. Like other cellular materials, wood is able to carry a stable load under compression up to the densification. This is a key property for the use of cellular materials and wood based materials for cushioning and choc absorber design. Wood is for example used for radioactive material containers and plywood is involved in the insulation complex of LNG carriers. In this case, plywood may be submitted to high strain rate loads at cryogenic temperature. However, the behaviour of plywood under such extreme conditions is not well established in the literature, nor the influence of the moisture content on the mechanical behaviour in such conditions. In the present study, the out of plane compression behaviour of birch plywood is presented for ambient down to cryogenic temperatures, for strain rate from 0,001 up to 700/s and for moisture contents in the range 2-15%. Shear tests are also presented far various strain rates at ambient temperature and 8% moisture content. The apparatus specially designed and the test protocols are discussed, and the results compared to international standards when available
Dutel, Guy Daniel. "Comportement mécanique et mécanismes de déformation et d'endommagement de polycristaux de nickel mono- et bi-modaux élaborés par SPS." Paris 13, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA132027.
Full textUltra-fine grained materials present a high mechanical resistance, but a very weak ductility. The Powder Metallurgy is then used to conceive innovative microstructures and optimize their properties. In this work, nickel samples were developed by Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) and/or by Cold Isostatic Pressing (CIP) from blends of nano- and micrometer-sized powders. The obtained microstructures are dense and mono- or bi-modal. The volume fractions of ultrafine grains (UFG<1μm) and micrometric grains (MC>1μm) were controlled. Having stabilized the average sizes of UFG grains and MC grains, it was shown that the mechanical properties in compression and in-situ tensile tests (synchrotron) depend essentially on the UFG/MC fraction. So, the elastic limit grows with the UFG fraction. On the contrary, the ductility increases with the MC fraction. The mechanical properties were improved by varying the UFG/MC fraction. The synchrotron analyses revealed a late élasto-plastic transition for bimodal samples. It was shown in agreement with the literature, that the deformation and damage mechanisms were generally: decrease of the density of twins and Σ3 boundaries (interaction with the partial dislocations), cracking in the UFG matrix (stopped by the MC grains), interfacial decohesion which we attributed to the deformation incompatibilities between UFG matrix UFG and MC grains. Besides, the high stresses at the head of the cracks were at the origin of the mechanical twining in some UFG grains
Blanchard, Samuel. "Caractérisation du comportement non-linéaire des matériaux à partir d'essais statistiquement indéterminés et de champs de déformation fortement hétérogènes." Valenciennes, 2009. http://ged.univ-valenciennes.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/1fd10ba0-61f0-4cc4-9e45-d5ed99090a91.
Full textIn this study, tools are developed in order to characterise materials behaviour which are transformed during the structure manufacturing process (forming, assembly). For this goal, four chapters organise the approach. In the first chapter, the literature survey allows to present all methods used to characterise material non linear behaviour. After this survey, the Virtual Fields Method coupled with digitals images correlation measures, is developed to characterise material behaviour from strongly heterogeneous strain fields. The aim of this study is to better understand experimental and numerical factors which have bad impacts on identified results. The second chapter is dedicated to the development and the validation of numerical tools to characterise material behaviour. The third chapter highlights consequences caused by the used of experimental data to compute the equilibrium equation which is the base of identification method. To finish, in the last chapter, behaviour parameters are identified from strongly heterogeneous tests (0°, 45° and 90° Arcan tests). Results obtained highlight importance of hypothesis used to model the material behaviour and all advantages of the Virtuals Fields Method to characterise transformed material. However, these advantages can become disadvantages if the problem is not defined carefully