Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Comportement alimentaire'
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RONCEUX, NATHALIE. "Comportement alimentaire chez l'autiste." Lille 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LIL2M257.
Full textMehl, Francine. "Dépression et comportement alimentaire." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992STR1M177.
Full textFALCOU, PIERRE-FRANCOIS. "Chronobiologie du comportement alimentaire." Nice, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990NICE6539.
Full textQuirk, Denise. "ADOLESCENTS AMERICAINS ET FRANÇAIS : OBESITE, TROUBLES DU COMPORTEMENT ALIMENTAIRE, ATTITUDES ET HABITUDES ALIMENTAIRES." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00848280.
Full textSaligue, Danièle. "Le comportement alimentaire de sujets présentant une surcharge pondérale : d'aprés cent enquètes alimentaires informatisées." Bordeaux 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BOR2M001.
Full textLauzon-Guillain, Blandine de. "Approche épidémiologique du comportement alimentaire : lien avec l'adiposité en population générale ; déterminants familiaux du comportement alimentaire." Paris 11, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA11T035.
Full textAbou, Nasr Daccache Jeannette. "Bisexualité psychique et troubles du comportement alimentaire." Paris 7, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA070011.
Full textDuring accession in identity, we attend the pulsing dispositive which according to relations undertaken with the parents allows his draft towards a lack of differentiation with other one, or towards a building, within tins psychical dynamism. I explore the problem of psychical bisexuality, pathology of the border between the real and the virtual and his vagaries of link food with link in the object. Bisexuality is a native fantasy which would be formed by the mediation of personal fantasy, by the intervention of the constitution of the fantasy of the other sex in the Oedipus triangle and that notably re-appears during accession in the status of separation with the object, where are rekindled the mechanisms of enlistment and of introjections by merging them with ideal identity to be the parent or to have a child of the father and/or the mother. How this model of psychical bisexuality, libidinal energy rallies in the service of the psychical harmonization, can help us to think on obstacles to become Man or Woman to redefine the crisis of identity which manifests itself by a link in the secondary primary object either complete or envelops. The process of the psychical bisexuality which remains incomplete and we find it in functioning in the bisexuality of the object represented by food functioning. The analysis of this functioning allows to understand the processes of psychical and somatic incorporation. The approach with the sexual recalls a fright felt facing an emotional flood which surprises inside and provokes borders between the internal and the external. The passage to the act in the rejected or incorporated food is a mechanism which postpones the access to heterosexuality. These undertaken functioning's results in the appearance of organic illness such as bulimia or anorexia, but these experiences will be thé mirror helping in understanding the hired psychical processes and so modifications and internal suppleness and metaphor between the biological and the psychical. The inter-subjective therapies consists in unfolding the actual instant so registers in the time of relation, to construct the links of representation, figurabilitys, emotion, stop compulsive behaviors by trying a harmonization of psychical bisexuality
Guiguet-Georgel, Géraldine Ziegler Olivier. "Etude des dégoûts et des comportements alimentaires chez les patients obèses en Lorraine expérience du Centre médico-diététique de l'Alumnat /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2007. http://www.scd.uhp-nancy.fr/docnum/SCDMED_T_2007_GUIGUET_GEORGEL_GERALDINE.pdf.
Full textBoghossian, Stéphane. "Fonction adaptative du comportement alimentaire et vieillissement : étude de la perte d'appétit pour les protéines chez le rat LOU/cjall." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002CLF21378.
Full textJavaheri, Mahsa. "Analyse expérimentale de la consommation de fruits et légumes." Angers, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009ANGE0007.
Full textThis thesis studies consumer' behavior in the case of quality differentiated products. Our results are based on the experimental preference eliciting methods. Two choice paradoxes are studied in the case of food products : divergence between willingness to accept and willingness to pay and the preference reversals phenomenon. This phenomenon occurs when the valuation of two options do no present the same order of preference as a strict choice between them. Moreover, the effects of new information on consumer's choices are studied and also the link between hedonic scores and monetary valuations are considered. Our results show a more important gap between willingness to accept and willingness to pay in the case of less familiar products. The overall rate of preference reversals is 25% which is lower than the rate found in the classical studies of the phenomenon. These resultants are then studied in the light of four theories of choice : expected utility theory, prospect theory, regret theory and cognitive consistency theory
Reverdy, Caroline. "Effet d'une éducation sensorielle sur les préférences et les comportements alimentaires d'enfants en classe de cours moyen (CM)." Dijon, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008DIJOS040.
Full textThe project ‘EduSens’ bases itself on a hedonist and sensory approach in taste education that unites exposure to food and information about food. The aim of the study was to first develop tools to evaluate the effects of this sensory education and then to use them to measure the effects of a sensory education in a school context. The sensory education used is based on the pedagogical method of the “Classes du gout” developed by Jacques Puisais. It was carried out with school classes of children of 8 to 11 years old and with their usual teacher in Dijon, France. Results showed an increase of liking for more aromatic and intense food variants for both groups at T1 and this increase continued but only for the experimental group over the period till T2. Thus, the repetition of the measurement (or merely the exposure) seemed to have a positive effect on the measurements at T1, irrespective of influence of the sensory education, whereas the effect of sensory education seems to lie mainly in the consolidation and further growth of this effect. In addition, sensory education improved food neophilia temporarily but not until T2 and improved the description of food perception in the direction of the use of more objective and less subjective terms. This last effect proved to be lasting over time. Finally, the sensory education induced a switch in the strategy of classification of unknown odours towards a less hedonic approach. To conclude, this sensory education showed some effects on food preferences and behaviour but not in a stable and lasting way, and influenced mainly the description of food perception
Masson, Estelle. "Les formes du manger : représentations de pratiques alimentaires contemporaines." Paris, EHESS, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001EHES0036.
Full textCellier, Marjorie. "Caractérisation phénotypique du comportement alimentaire chez la chèvre laitière." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASB019.
Full textAgricultural systems are changing rapidly and are subject to increasing societal and economic pressures. A key element in their adaptation is to find an optimal combination between the ability of animals to adapt to changing environments, the maintenance of production performance and husbandry methods that would best support individual variability. The development of precision livestock farming, with the increasing ability to automatically record behavioural and production parameters, makes it possible to obtain accurate information on-farm in real time. It is therefore crucial that the biological relevance of the variables measured be known.However, due to the lack of studies on this subject, we know little about feeding behaviour of individual ruminants, and in particular goats, and what factors contribute to the individual variation.Using goats, work presented in thesis showed that 1) goats have preferences in terms of feeding posture and types of feed offered, 2) important inter-individual variability of feeding behaviour exists among goats housed in groups, while the individual feeding behaviour pattern is relatively stable over time, 3) when goats are subjected to feeding challenges such as changes in the frequency of feed delivery, they adapt their feeding behaviour to these changes, but keep a stable pattern of feeding behaviour
Birau, Mia. "Gaspillage alimentaire, une approche du comportement du consommateur." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAA015.
Full textIn recent years the environmental impact of personal food consumption has become a main focus of public and political attention. Food waste is one of the largest fractions of the total household waste. The quantity of food wasted in the European Union (EU - 27 countries) was estimated to be around 89 million tons annually, out of which the highest proportion is produced by households, who also produce the highest proportion of avoidable waste (BIO Intelligence Service, 2010).Surprisingly there is little research associating research on food consumption with research on food waste. Our interest in food waste stems from two sources. First it is important from a sustainability perspective. Food waste is a consumption problem with clearly negative impacts on natural resources. Second, from an academic perspective, we are intrigued by the little focus of consumer research on waste behaviors and particularly on food waste. The above contributions introduce food waste as a research topic for consumer research and elicit the main facets of the problem, identify the main antecedents of food waste, and suggest consumer behavior theories that help better understand the relevant issues. Furthermore, two possible policy measures are tested and further recommendations are given.In this thesis we start by drawing a larger image of food waste. This chapter focuses mostly on food waste by identifying consumer behavior theories that underlie consumers’ waste behavior and presents a detailed agenda for future research and for public policy implications.Drawing from the first chapter, Chapter Two explores one possible public policy implication of behavioral theories in order to prevent food waste. Using experimental studies, this paper builds on social norms literature and presents evidence for a process that explains the possible negative effects of awareness campaigns that use negative descriptive norms. When awareness campaigns use these types of norms, consumers perceive them as blaming messages and use the information as an excuse to behave worse than they actually would have in the absence of the message. This process is explained through perceptions of task difficulty. The chapter also presents solutions for blocking these negative effects and helping the prevention of waste.The next activity in the endeavor of fighting against food waste is reducing the amount of waste. There are different possible methods that can address this issue: proper food management at agricultural and retailing level, recycling, using leftovers at consumers’ level etc. Chapter Three focused on existing campaigns designed to reduce farmers’ food waste, by inciting consumers to purchase imperfect, misshaped produce. Using experimental design, this chapter is exploring the attitudes consumers have towards misshaped produce. The aim of this chapter is to present evidence that consumers have positive attitudes towards misshaped produce, that “ugly produce” campaigns can be implemented successfully without damaging retailers’ image and thus that food waste can be reduced
Trebak, Fatima. "Le Comportement alimentaire : régulation par le neuropeptide hypothalamique EM66 et altération par les aflatoxines." Rouen, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ROUES030.
Full textFeeding behavior is regulated by a complex system of central and peripheral signals that cooperate to modulate the response to food intake. Central control is insured in particular by several hypothalamic neuropeptidergic systems exercising either orexigenic or anorexigenic neurones. More recently, 26RFa has been shown to be a neuropeptide with a strong orexigenic function. Another new neuropeptide derived from secretogranin II (SgII), EM66, is expressed in various hypothalamic nuclei known to regulate feeding behavior suggesting its involvement in the central control of this function. The first part of my research concerns the study of a possible implication of the EM66 in the hypothalamic regulation of food behavior and to determine its mechanism of action. Our results showed that the central administration of EM66 induces a drastic and dose-dependent inhibition of food intake (FI) in mice. The gene expression rate evaluation of the major orexigenic and anorexigenic neuropeptides, respectively NPY and POMC, as well as their receptors, reveals that the decrease in FI in mice injected with EM66 is associated with an increase in hypothalamic mRNAs levels of POMC and its specific receptor MC3R. This result is correlated with c-Fos neuronal activation in the arcuate nucleus (Arc), particularly in its lateral part known to harbor POMC neurons. On the other hand, our data showed that the central injection of EM66 does not modify the expression of the NPY or its Y1 and Y5 receptors. In order to further argue the anorexigenic role of EM66 particularly in obesity, we chose a High Fat (HFD) mouse model to test the gene expression level of neuropeptides for FI control. Our results showed a significant decrease in POMC mRNA level associated with a drastic decrease in SgII mRNA rate, while NPY gene expression was not affected. We also found that the gene expression of EM66 changes according to the nutritional status of our experimental model since a 48h fasting in HFD mice induces a decrease in the expression of the POMC and the SgII mRNA levels. These variations are not observed in mice fed with low-fat diet (LFD). All these data argue for the first time an anorexigenic role for EM66 in the regulation of eating behavior, especially through the activation of POMC neurons. Any imbalance affecting feeding behavior and thus the energy balance can be linked to various pathologies such as anorexia which may itself be linked to environmental factors. In this context, among the symptoms related to the repeated consumption of food contaminated with aflatoxins (AF), there is anorexia. In the second part of the study, we investigated the possible hypothalamic mechanisms of this anorexia related to the neurotoxic effects of AFB1. We evaluated the impact of AFB1 on the major orexigenic hypothalamic neuropeptides (NPY, orexin, AgRP, MCH) and anorexigenic neuropeptides (α-MSH, CART, TRH) and on the new anorexigenic peptide, EM 66. Following repeated rats treatment with ABF1, at low or high dose, there was a dose-dependent decrease in body weight gain in rats treated with ABF1. All the hypothalamic neuropeptides studied including EM66, that was proved to be targets to this toxin since our data show a dose-dependent decrease of their expression in response to AFB1. Such alterations may underlie appetite disorders associated with the decreased in body weight gain. In conclusion, our research assigns a central role to the neuropeptide EM66 in the regulation of feeding behavior as ana anorexigenic mediator via a mechanism that involves the melanocortin system. They also showed that both orexigenic and anorexigenic hypothalamic neuropeptides, including EM66, are altered by repeated ingestion of AFB1 which could justify the loss of body weight, which could be related to anorexia
Lenglet, François. "Le processus de choix alimentaire et ses déterminants : vers une prise en compte des caractéristiques psychologiques du consommateur." Chambéry, 2006. https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01259793.
Full textThis thesis has as an ambition to consider new prospects for research in food behavior, by explicitly integrating psychological factors as potential determinants of the process of choice. Eminently emotional character of food consumption resulted in adopting the experiential approach and sensory marketing as tallies of analysis. The problematic of research attempt to study the way in which the sensory stimuli and information associated with the product combine to influence, in a way differentiated according to individuals, the behavior of consumption. This research implements a quasi-experimental step undertaken in laboratory of sensory evaluation near 606 experimental subjects, on a category of products with strong emotional component, the chocolate lacteous desserts. The results confirm the relevance of the experiential framework and the central role of the emotional reactions. They highlight mechanisms of various choices which rise from the way in which the consumer composes with the generally noncongruent reactions with the stimuli of the taste and information associated with the product. Many psychological variables present varied moderating effects. The managerial implications relate to new food market segmentation means, the choice of the relevant sensory attributes at the time of the product formulation, and the strategic consequences related to the level of force of the brand. As regards theoretical, this research made it possible to specify and generalize the basic model of sensory marketing and to propose a new angle of incidence of food consumption, mobilizing the psychological characteristics of the consumer. The methodological contributions relate to the taking into account of sensory variables of control in test and the measurement of individual constructs
Mure-Petitjean, Clara. "Étude des troubles du comportement alimentaire chez des personnes âgées hospitalisées : anorexie et réduction alimentaire." Paris 10, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA100122.
Full textDion, Stéphanie C. "Une analyse motivationnelle de la régularisation du comportement alimentaire." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2002. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/NQ66142.pdf.
Full textMelioli, Tiffany. "Troubles du comportement alimentaire : psychoéducation et prévention par internet." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU20090.
Full textStudy 1 – Aims: To evaluate the efficacy of Internet-based programs in decreasing eating disorder (ED) symptoms and to identify moderator variables of effects. Results: Compared to control conditions, Internet-based programs were successful in decreasing ED symptoms and risk factors with small to moderate between-group effect sizes. Moderator analyses revealed no impact of participant risk status on intervention effects. Study 2 – Aims: To evaluate an ED Internet-based prevention program efficacy (ProYouth) on decreases of disordered eating symptoms. Results: Among individuals having completed at least 4 monitoring assessments, time since registration was found to significantly predict decreases in binge eating (β = -.01, p < .001). Study 3 – Aims: To disseminate, through Internet, French guidelines for providing first aid to individuals suffering from ED symptoms and to explore the user characteristics and the perceived usefulness of the guidelines. Results: The guidelines were downloaded 1174 times and 312 participants have reported downloading the guidelines to increase their knowledge, or out of curiosity. Forty-two of the 50 users having completed the second questionnaire found the guidelines “useful” or “very useful.” Conclusion: The Internet might have great potential to prevent EDs among French college students. Promoting reliable information through the Internet could help to increase ED mental health literacy and would therefore be an important step towards improving access to ED treatment
St-Pierre, Michelle. "Troubles du comportement alimentaire et style de défenses psychologiques." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 1994. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/5303/1/000611317.pdf.
Full textRubio, Bérengère. "Comportements alimentaires des enfants d'âge scolaire : rôle du tempérament et des facteurs expérientiels sur la néophobie alimentaire." Paris 10, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA100072.
Full textWe aimed at understanding the individual differences of children’s food neophobia (5 to 9 y. O) and their correlates by exploring children’s external and internal factors. Our first study was realized to create a questionnaire of food neophobia for children. Internal and external validity of the questionnaire were confirmed : satisfactory homogeneity, good test-retest reliability and one-dimensional structure of the questionnaire were emphasized; the questionnaire was also shown to significantly predict children’s choice and willingness to try new foods. The second study intended to explore the relationships between food neophobia and some temperamental and experiential factors. Results showed that food neophobia was weakly predicted by withdrawal, irregularity of daily rythms and low sensation seeking and by some mother’s preferences and their educative style. The objective of the third study was to test the effect of repeated exposures on children’s acceptance and liking for a new food. Results underlined that children liking increased after 8 exposures, especially concerning sugar intensity. This work led us to consider food neophobia as a temperamental trait which is sensitive to environmental factors
LE, QUINTREC FRANCOISE. "Des habitudes alimentaires des bretons." Rennes 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993REN1M065.
Full textManoury-Thomas, Sonia. "L'évaluation de la perception hédonique des aliments : une approche expérimentale." Paris 10, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA100043.
Full textHOFBAUER, CLEMENCE. "Role des neurotransmetteurs centraux dans le comportement alimentaire : implications therapeutiques et cliniques." Strasbourg 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989STR15021.
Full textNicklaus, Sophie. "Etude longitudinale des préférences et de la variété alimentaires de la petite enfance jusqu'à l'âge adulte : choix des enfants de 2 à 3 ans et lien avec leur comportement de 4 à 22 ans." Dijon, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004DIJOS015.
Full textGarabuau-Moussaoui, Isabelle. "Cuisine et indépendances, jeunesse et alimentation /." Paris ; Budapest ; Torino : l'Harmattan, 2002. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb389260226.
Full textEn appendice, la méthode d'enquête. Bibliogr. p. 325-344.
Tixier, Hélène. "Déterminants et ontogénèse du comportement alimentaire du chevreuil (capreolus capreolus)." Paris 13, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA132027.
Full textWard, Ellen. "Évaluation de l'impact alimentaire du programme nutritionnel mangeons en coeur et validation d'un questionnaire de comportement alimentaire." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0004/MQ44312.pdf.
Full textWard, Ellen 1969. "Evaluation de l'impact alimentaire du programme nutrionnel "Mangeons en coeur" et validation d'un questionnaire de comportement alimentaire." Thesis, McGill University, 1998. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=20889.
Full textBreton, Jonathan. "Étude du rôle des protéines issues du microbiote intestinal dans la régulation du comportement alimentaire physiologique et pathologique." Rouen, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ROUENR04.
Full textThe interactions between host and microbiota were, recently, implicated in the pathophysiology of obesity. Indeed, the gut microbiota, also called, intestinal flora, could exert many essential functions such as digestion and the energy metabolism. Moreover, effects of microbiota on feeding behavior, were observed, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are still unknown. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that nutritional modulation of commensal bacteria could induce changes in proteome which may act on the satiety and hunger pathways of the host modulating its feeding behavior. These results support our hypothesis by showing that proteins derived from commensal bacteria E. Coli K12 are able to modulate host feeding behavior depending on their expression pattern by influenced nutritional status. It is also possible that host may profit from anorexigenic proprieties of these protein signals to limit the growth of bacteria population by ending the meal and thus the nutritional support for bacteria. These data will improve the knowledge on molecular communication pathways between the host and microbiota and may help development of new therapeutic approaches against obesity
Durier, Virginie. "Exploitation alimentaire et capacités cognitives chez blattella germanica (insecte : dictyopère)." Rennes 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001REN1S012.
Full textBau, Chang Martha T. C. "Contribution à l'étude de l'évolution du comportement alimentaire des adolescents vivants à Taïwan." Nancy 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992NAN10046.
Full textAlhaddad, Samar. "Le comportement alimentaire de la reine d'abeilles chez Apis mellifica ligustica." Toulouse 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995TOU30137.
Full textBret-Dibat, Jean-Luc. "Mécanismes d'action des cytokines inflammatoires sur le comportement à motivation alimentaire." Bordeaux 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BOR28380.
Full textBetting, Sylvie. "Troubles du comportement alimentaire au cours des nutritions artificielles chez l'enfant." Nancy 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989NAN11325.
Full textPigeyre, Marie. "Etude des déterminants du comportement alimentaire : interaction gène-environnement dans l'obésité." Lille 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LIL2S019.
Full textTOURNIER, ALAIN. "Les mecanismes fondamentaux du comportement alimentaire humain face a l'alimentation moderne." Paris 6, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA066664.
Full textAdriouch, Solia. "Prévention nutritionnelle des maladies cardiovasculaires : comportement alimentaire et apports en polyphénols." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCD029/document.
Full textNutrition is one of the modifiable environmental factors that may have a major role in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). In this context, in etiological epidemiology, there has been a growing interest in polyphenols – bioactive components that are potentially protective. Hence, the general objective of the work presented in this thesis was to study the link between the quality of the diet and CVD, based on data from the French cohorts SU.VI.MAX and NutriNet-Santé.The first objective was to study the prospective association between an individual score measuring the overall quality of the diet (the FSA-NPS DI) and CVD risk, in the context of a French national primary prevention strategy aiming to apply a coloured front-of-package label (the 5C label). The second objective was to examine the association of dietary intakes of different polyphenols with CVD risk and with weight change, using the Phenol-Explorer® composition table. Finally, the third objective was to compare the food and nutrient consumptions and lifestyle behaviours of NutriNet-Santé participants presenting a CVD or a cardiometabolic disorder with those of ‘control’ participants. Concerning the first objective, our results indicated that the choice of foods of a lower nutritional quality, as reflected by a higher FSA-NPS DI score, was associated with an increase in CVD risk – in particular among overweight or obese participants of the NutriNet-Santé cohort, and among participants of the SU.VI.MAX cohort that were smokers or had a low physical activity level. Concerning the second objective, our results indicated that anthocyanins, catechins, flavonols, dihydrochalcones, dihydroflavonols, hydroxybenzoic acids, other phenolic acids and stilbenes were associated with a lower CVD risk. Our results also indicated that a higher intake of total polyphenols as well as a higher intake of falvones, flavanones, proanthocyanins, lignans and hydroxycinnamic acids was associated with a less pronounced increase in body mass index and waist circumference over 6 years. Concerning the third objective, we have shown that adults presenting a CVD or a cardiometabolic disorder had less beneficial behaviours than control participants of the same age and sex, in terms of physical activity, smoking status, and the consumption of alcohol, fruits and vegetables, whole grain cereals, of meat and particularly of processed meat. In addition, we have observed a lower intake of most polyphenol categories among patients. Our results thus provide indications on the nutritional elements that should be at the centre of secondary and tertiary prevention strategies, so as to improve the treatment of CVD and cardiometabolic dysfunctions once that they are diagnosed.To conclude, this thesis contributes to a better understanding of the role of nutritional factors in the development of CVD, using both holistic and specific (through polyphenols) approaches. These results are of interest for future prevention strategies that aime at reducing the risks of CVD through nutrition
LANHORE, MARC. "L'aliment : du modele de l'anorexie au pharmakon quotidien." Paris 7, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA070067.
Full textCorcos, Maurice. "Depression et alexithymie : leurs fonctions dans les conduites addictives alimentaires a l'adolescence." Paris 7, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA070106.
Full textBarbano, Maria Flavia. "Caractérisation des aspects consommatoires, motivationnels et anticipatoires du comportement alimentaire : implication de la dopamine et des opioïdes endogènes." Bordeaux 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005BOR21216.
Full textFeeding behavior is highly regulated by homeostatic and hedonic systems The motivational, consummatory and anticipatory components of this behavior appear to be differentially regulated by opioids and dopamine. Our study is aimed first to characterize the motivational, anticipatory and consummatory components of feeding taking into account food palatability and homeostatic state of the animals ; and second, to study the implication of the opioid and dopaminergic systems on the control of these different components. Our results reinforce the idea that the opioid system regulates feeding through the modulation of food palatability perception. The dopaminergic system seems to be more implicated in the regulation of the anticipatory activity related to very relevant stimuli. Also, it may allow the evaluation of the cost/benefits to perform a given action
Ochoa, Frias Melissa. "Etude des altérations périphériques et centrales induites par des régimes hyper-sucrés (glucose, fructose)." Rennes, Agrocampus Ouest, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014NSARB252.
Full textThe present studies explored behavioral, metabolic, and neurological alterations induced by prolonged exposure to high-fat diets differing in their source of carbohydrates: starch (S), glucose (G) or fructose (F) and fed at the same level of intake in adult Yucatan minipigs. The first study examined three-feed choice preferences, the eating microstructure of a single meal, and the feed motivation in a progressive ratio schedule for one of three diets containing S, G or F, before and after 8 weeks of dietary exposure. We described an initial preference and motivation for G in all animals and demonstrated that prolonged exposure to the fructose-containing diet induced a strong preference and motivation for F, whereas prolonged intake of starch- or glucose-containing diets did not induce or increase, the preference and motivation for these diets, respectively. In the second study we aimed at determining whether sugar-containing diets, especially F, could induce alterations on the metabolic phenotype (i. E. Plasma concentrations of insulin, metabolites and inflammation markers). We found substantial increases in body weight (BW), body adiposity, liver adiposity, liver volume, plasma insulin, triacylglycerol and non-esterified fatty acids after 8 weeks of dietary exposure regardless of the carbohydrate type. These data demonstrated that the metabolic changes observed following prolonged consumption of high-fat diets differing in their source of carbohydrate are not due to the carbohydrate type per se, but to the total excessive energy intake and increased body weight and adiposity. In our first study about the effects of chronic consumption of three carbohydrate-containing diets on eating behavior, we demonstrated the development of a strong fructose preference and motivation induced by prolonged consumption of fructose diet. We attributed this specific fructose-induced fructose preference to the sweeter taste of fructose compared to glucose and starch, to a fructose habituation leading to an increase of fructose palatability, as well as to effects on brain reward-related regions. In order to explore a possible association between modifications on eating behavior by sugars and and effects on brain reward-related regions we explored basal brain activity using positron emission tomography (PET) with 18- fluorodeoxyglucose (18FDG) following 7 months of dietary exposure. All animals had the same weight gain evolution throughout the experiment regardless of the carbohydrate ingested indicating that the observed differences in brain activity measured by PET-18FDG are not related to differences in body weight. F and G diets induced substantial changes in basal metabolic activity of several brain-reward related regions when compared to the starch-fed group, which might suggest that these sugars
Poulain, Sophie Piron-Frenet Maryvonne. "Adolescence et troubles alimentaires." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2005. http://theses.univ-nantes.fr/thesemed/PHpoulain.pdf.
Full textLanginier, Denis. "De l'influence de la publicite televisee sur le comportement alimentaire des enfants." Nancy 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NAN11312.
Full textChenel-Beaulieu, Marie-Pier. "La nature des fonctions du trouble des conduites alimentaires et leur association avec la sévérité des symptômes et la motivation au traitement." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/29275/29275.pdf.
Full textMahjoub, Mohamed-Sofiane. "Interactions prédateur-proie en milieu calme et milieu turbulent : études expérimentales sur des poissons planctonophages." Thesis, Lille 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LIL10122/document.
Full textWe experimentally investigated the predator-prey interactions between larval and juvenile fish and their zooplanktonic prey. At first, we conducted small-scale predation experiments to investigate the flexibility of fish larvae search behavior as well as the effect of plankters'swimming behavior on the predator-prey interaction. 2D and 3D video techniques were used to investigate the ingestion rate and the capture success at the individual level. Swimming patterns of both predators and prey were quantified using both scale-dependent (speed, acceleration, fixation distance, net to gross displacement ratio) and scale-independent (fractal dimension, multifractal analysis) metrics. Results revealed that fish larvae switched from an anistropic multifractal search pattern in absence of prey to an isotropic spatially-restricted search behavior when prey were present. We also demonstrated that swimming behavior not only governed the encounter rate but also the capture success. In fact, less complex pursuits associated to attacks triggered from short distances yielded the highest capture successes. The investigation of theeffect of Eurytemora affinis swimming behavior on the vulnerability to Dicentrarchus labrax larvae predation corroborated previous theoretical studies that faster prey are more conspicuous to predation than slower ones. In a second part of this work, we conducted larger scale experiments aiming at the elucidation of the effects of turbulence on the feeding success of fish larvae offered realistic prey densities. The results of gut contents analysis of larval sea bass feeding under increasing turbulence levels revealed that turbulence had negative effects on the feeding rates and maximum food intake of planktonic predators when preying on a non-evasive prey (Artemia sp.). Conversely, when feeding on an evasive prey (live copepod), moderate turbulence was beneficial to fish
Atallah, AbdelHay Mariette. "Etude comparée du comportement d'achat des boîtes de conserve entre le consommateur libanais et français." Paris 5, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA05H025.
Full textThe present study examines the motives that influence consumer behavior. It compares the behavior of the Lebanese and French consumer, towards food consumption, and precisely regarding canned food. After the proposal of a conceptual frame, the author establishes a comparative study, on one hand through a survey in Lebanon, complemented by clinical interviews, and on the other hand using Credoc's data. Also, relying on data of three Lebanese supermarkets points of sale output, over a period of three years, with the INSEE survey regarding family 2006 budget, the author analyses the food strategies and spending in the two countries, and reaches a segmentation of the Lebanese market, in function of the positive and negative perception of canned food. The study shows that the interactive media relationship between transmitter and receiver, has repercussions on consumer behavior, that the trust/distrust magnitude over Lebanese and French behavior is not the same and that there are several factors that pull apart the Lebanese and French risk threshold, in particular a French society that faces novelty and technology of the agronomy and food sector, and another Lebanese handicapped in its conventional food industry line. Therefore, there was a need to an overview of control authorities in the two countries. As a consequence, the author states an opinion in order to reform the Lebanese food industry control system
Livoreil, Barbara. "Etude comparée des modalités d'approvisionnement alimentaire chez trois espèces d'écureuils terrestres." Paris 13, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA131011.
Full textPomerleau, Marjorie. "Effets de l'intensité de l'exercice sur le comportement alimentaire chez la femme." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/26532.
Full textManneville, Florian. "Comportement alimentaire, activité physique, sédentarité et inégalités sociales de santé à l’adolescence." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LORR0128.
Full textBackground: During adolescence, the higher the socio-economic status (SES), the better the health status is and reflects the existence of social inequalities in health. These inequalities could be explained by the unequal distribution of lifestyles such as physical activity (PA), sedentary behaviour (SB) and dietary behaviour (DB) according to adolescents’ SES. The associations between lifestyles and social inequalities in health are unclear among adolescents. Objectives: This thesis aimed to analyze the associations between lifestyles and social inequalities in health during adolescence through three objectives: 1) to describe lifestyles and their distribution according to adolescents’ SES, 2) to evaluate the effectiveness of a public health intervention on the reduction of social inequalities in health among adolescents, and 3) to measure and quantify the mediating effects of lifestyles on social inequalities in health among adolescents. Methods: To address these objectives, data from two trials aimed at preventing overweight and obesity among adolescents were used: PRALIMAP (PRomotion de l’ALImentation et de l’Activité Physique) and PRALIMAP-INES (PRALIMAP-INEgalités de Santé). PA, SB were measured using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire and DB using a food frequency questionnaire. SES was defined using the Social Position Index of Students and the Family Affluence Scale. Statistical analyses included linear, mixed and logistic regression models and an analysis of latent transitions. Results: Low SES adolescents had lower levels of PA and less adapted DB than high SES ones. Overall, DB was not associated with adolescents’ SES. Social inequalities in weight and quality of life were highlighted. There was no evidence that a universal intervention could reduce social inequalities in weight. Mediating effects of behaviours in the association between SES and health status were suggested. Conclusions: These results underline the importance of taking SES into account in order to reduce social inequalities in health among adolescents. Behaviours appear to be important levers to reduce social inequalities in health