Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Comportement critique de Lifshitz'
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Essafi, Karim. "Nonperturbative renormalization group approach to polymerized membranes." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00828639.
Full textPASCHE, JACQUES. "Comportement critique du modele d'edwards a deux dimensions." Rennes 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992REN10141.
Full textBouchiat, Hélène. "Transition verre de spin comportement critique et bruit magnétique." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37596281w.
Full textBouchiat, Hélène. "Transition verre de spin : comportement critique et bruit magnétique." Paris 11, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA112055.
Full textThis thesis is devoted to two different problems concerning the spin-glass transition. 1. The first part concerns the study of the critical behavior of the nonlinear magnetization, which is related to the spin-glass-order-parameter singularity at the transition temperature. Our results in the AgMn, CuMn, AgMn Au and CuMn Au spin-glass systems support the existence of a phase transition for which we determine the critical exponents, whose values are different from the mean-field ones. We discuss and investigate the influence of the regular terms and anisotropy on the critical behavior. The study of the non-linear magnetization below Tg suggests that it remains singular near H = 0 over the whole law-temperature phase. Preliminary results in the YEr system raise the question of the coexistence of a spin-glass-like order with long-range antiferromagnetic order. 2. The second part concerns an investigation of the spin-glass dynamics, by studying the magnetic fluctuations without any exciting field. The noise power spectrum is found to vary like 1/f over at least 5 decades of frequency. Its comparison with susceptibility measurements shows the applicability of the linear-response and fluctuation-dissipation theorem to spin glasses when time-correlation functions and response functions are measured when the system is prepared under the same conditions for the two experiments. Aging effects are also investigated
Risler, Thomas. "Comportement critique d'oscillateurs couples ; Groupe de renormalisation et classe d'universalite." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00004449.
Full textnotamment dues aux proprietes generiques des oscillateurs critiques
couples qui constituent le systeme. Cette these presente une etude
des proprietes critiques generiques des
systemes spatialement etendus d'oscillateurs stochastiques couples,
operant dans le voisinage d'une instabilite oscillante homogene ou
bifurcation de Hopf. Dans ce contexte, cette bifurcation constitue un
point critique dynamique hors equilibre, exhibant des proprietes
universelles qui sont canoniquement decrites par l'equation
Ginzburg-Landau complexe en presence de bruit. La formulation du probleme
en termes d'une theorie statistique dynamique des champs non hamiltonienne
nous permet d'etudier le comportement critique du systeme a l'aide des
techniques de la renormalisation dynamique perturbative.
Dans un cas particulier, une analogie exacte avec le modele O(2) dynamique
nous permet d'ecrire une relation generalisee de la relation
fluctuation-dissipation et de deduire le comportement critique du systeme
directement a partir des etudes anterieures. Dans le cas general,
nous etablissons la structure du groupe de renormalisation de la theorie
dans un espace de dimension
4-epsilon, en lui adaptant les schemas de renormalisation de Wilson et
de Callan-Symanzik. La presence d'une frequence caracteristique dans le
systeme - la frequence des oscillations spontanees a la transition -
impose d'associer aux transformations de renormalisation un changement de
referentiel oscillant dependant de l'echelle. Nous effectuons le
calcul a l'ordre de deux boucles en theorie des perturbations, et montrons
que la classe d'universalite du modele est decrite par le point fixe du
modele dynamique dissipatif
O(2) dans un referentiel oscillant bien choisi. Ainsi, bien que la
dynamique soit hautement hors equilibre et brise les relations de bilan
detaille, une relation fluctuation-dissipation generalisee est
asymptotiquement restauree a la transition. Cette relation prevoit
l'existence de fortes contraintes sur les principales observables
experimentales : la fonction de correlation a deux points et la fonction
de reponse lineaire a un stimulus sinusoidal.
Risler, Ronan Thomas. "Comportement critique d'oscillateurs couplés : groupe de renormalisation et classe d'universalité." Paris 6, 2003. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00004449v2.
Full textBagaméry, Farkas Adam. "Comportement critique de modèles bidimensionnels en présence de perturbations inhomogènes." Nancy 1, 2006. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_2006_0024_BAGAMERY.pdf.
Full textIn this work we study the influence of different inhomogeneous perturbations on the critical behaviour of two-dimensional models. In the first part we consider the two-dimensional Ising model in a random surface field which is predicted to be a marginally irrelevant perturbation at the critical point. We study this question by Monte Carlo simulations for various strengths of disorder. The calculated effective (temperature or size-dependent) critical exponents fit with the field-theoretical results and can be interpreted in terms of the expected logarithmic corrections to the pure system's critical behaviour. In the second part we study the Ising model on the square lattice with biaxially correlated random couplings which is a relevant perturbation according to the extended Harris criterion. The problem is studied by large scale Monte Carlo simulations. The correlation length critical exponent n has the value expected in a system with isotropic correlated long-range disorder, whereas the scaling dimension of the magnetization density is larger than in the pure system. Conformal properties of the magnetization and energy density profiles are also examined. Finally we consider the critical behaviour at an interface between two subsystems belonging to different universality classes, but having a common transition temperature. We solve this problem analytically in the frame of mean-field theory and present some phenomenological scaling arguments. A large variety of interface critical behaviour is obtained which is checked numerically on the example of two-dimensional q-state Potts models with 2
Bagaméry, Farkas Adam Turban Loïc Iglói Ferenc. "Comportement critique de modèles bidimensionnels inhomogènes en présence de perturbations inhomogènes." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2006. http://www.scd.uhp-nancy.fr/docnum/SCD_T_2006_0024_BAGAMERY.pdf.
Full textThèse soutenue en co-tutelle. Titre provenant de l'écran-titre.
Mauclair, Stéphane. "Etude critique de la consommation du chocolat." Bordeaux 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990BOR25257.
Full textTricou, Fabrice. "Constitution de la société marchande : règles d'organisation et règles de comportement." Paris 10, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA100122.
Full textIf the market society is defined as the exchange of numerous goods between a multitude of individuals, then three different models can be established. The first model can be associated with Walras (the economy of generalized market: one global and multilateral), the second model with Edgeworth (the economy of market meeting: a series of global and bilateral barters) and the third model with Marshall (the monetary economy of markets : several series of bilateral payments). Each model requires a judgement of pertinence and a judgment or performance, as well as a judgment of overall consistence. The latter evaluates the compatibility between the "rules of behavior" (the merchant rationality) and the "rules of organization" (the market structure). It emphasizes the contextualization of merchant rationality within the market structure, considered as a distinctive organization. So, the question of market coordination is underlined, by specifying the constitutive rules of each interactive structure and by detailing their congruence with a specific form of rationality (maximizing or improving or teleological). In addition to the synchronic computability between rb and ro, their diachronic combination constitutes the market game itself, of which the expected outcome is an optimal equilibrium. Yet, none of these three pure exchange models succeeds in justifying the original wager of the liberal economic doctrine, which asserts that a beneficial social order emerges spontaneously from market interaction between a multitude of interested, free and equal individuals
Molho, Pierre. "Structures en domaines magnétiques au voisinage de Tc comportement critique, métastabilité, hystérésis topologique." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37599790z.
Full textAZRAR, LAHCEN Potier-Ferry Michel. "ETUDE DU COMPORTEMENT POST-CRITIQUE DES COQUES CYLINDRIQUES AVEC UNE METHODE ASYMPTOTIQUE-NUMERIQUE /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1993. ftp://ftp.scd.univ-metz.fr/pub/Theses/1993/Azrar.Lahcen.SMZ936.pdf.
Full textBenedikt, Schauder. "Coque cylindrique isotrope sous flexion et pression interne : Instabilité et comportement post-critique." Lyon, INSA, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997ISAL0021.
Full textCircular cylindrical shells are often subjected to a combined loading of internal pressure and flexion. This is especially true for tank structures. The present work wants to contribute to the design of such shells. An experimental approach is used, supported by a numerical analysis. Some developments in the experimental and the numerical domain are presented. The first chapter gives a literature review about the buckling of circular cylindrical shells under axial compression, flexion and internal pressure. The numerical methods as well as the formulation of a new finite element are presented in the second chapter. The new element permits to take into account any geometrical imperfection as well as variable wall thickness around the circumference in a two dimensional formulation. The employed test methods are explained in the third chapter and a new method for characterising measured imperfections is given. The fourth chapter is reserved to the results and their analysis. A correlation between buckling loads and the measured geometrical imperfections is established and statistical analysis of the test data is presented. The influence of local imperfections onto the critical loads is studied by means of numerical calculations. The threshold pressure from which the post buckling behaviour is stable is determined by analysing the test data. The design recommendations ECCS and DASt, in which the combined loading of flexion and internal pressure is not defined explicitly, are verified by the test data
Gazeau, Didier. "Etude du comportement critique et des propriétés structurales de microémulsions quaternaires et quinaires." Bordeaux 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989BOR10505.
Full textAzrar, Lahcen. "Etude du comportement post-critique des coques cylindriques avec une méthode asymptotique-numérique." Metz, 1993. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/1993/Azrar.Lahcen.SMZ936.pdf.
Full textAn asymptotic numerical method is presented for computing the post-buckling behaviour of perfect and imperfect shells of revolution. The expansion of the bifurcationg branch into an integro-power series permits to bring the nonlinear post-buckling problem into a sequence of linear problems. These problems have the same linear part and they are solved numerically (F. E. M) with a single inversion of the matrix. The use of symbolic algebra system helped us to get the recurrence relations. Hence, a great number of terms of the series can be easily computed. So a large part of initial post-buckling is determined in an inexpansive and automatic way. However the range of validity of these solutions is limited to a neighbourhood of the bifurcating point. This range of validity can be increased by using Padé approximants. Finally, we get an analytical expression for the post-buckling branch and we can determine this branch for different amplitudes of imperfection
Fortat, Marie-Laure. "Diatrophie du féminin et tendance antisociale chez Winnicott : approche critique." Paris 5, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA05H057.
Full textWinncott's works on the antisocial tendancy is surely linked to the history of psychoanalytic movment. His development grows on the works of authors who have searched on carency phenomen (not only Klein but studies of delinquancy in wien or authors like Bowlby who was linked to the Middle Group). This paper is build on 3 different points : not only clinical but although theorical and historical beyond Winnicott's cases and cases of antisocial adolescents. We try to put on light the feminin element's role in the identitary construction of carenced adolescents. The integration of the feminin adolescent can not be realised if it's refused or denied. In this last cas, this aspect is considered like a possibility in the fight against the fantasm of object murder
Dauverchain, Eric. "Influence du polymorphisme micellaire sur le comportement critique de solutions aqueuses diluées de tensioactifs." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376129387.
Full textJacquin, Marc. "Copolymères diblocs amphiphiles chargés : d'un comportement colloÏdal à tensioactif." Paris 6, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA066049.
Full textSOBREIRO, LOURO DE MATOS JULIA MARIA. "Comportement a l'explosion des solutions de l'equation de la chaleur avec non-linearite sur-critique." Paris 6, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA066340.
Full textWarsito. "Etude magnéto-optique à effet Faraday du comportement de dispositifs supraconducteurs à haute température critique." Caen, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003CAEN2023.
Full textEmboussi, Nyano Fabien Eugène. "Épistémologie post-critique et scepticisme : perception, comportement et rationalité dans l'épistémologie de Thomas Samuel Kuhn." Paris 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA010649.
Full textDROUET, MICHEL. "Comportement electrique des joints de grains dans les supraconducteurs a haute temperature critique. Relation structure/proprietes." Paris 6, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA066078.
Full textBenzekri, Mohammed. "Etude expérimentale du comportement critique du module élastique de compression des couches en phase smectique A." Bordeaux 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990BOR10532.
Full textWalter, Jean-Charles. "Etude numérique des corrections d'échelle au comportement dominant à l'équilibre et hors de l'équilibre." Phd thesis, Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy I, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00440099.
Full textTilioua, Mouhcine. "Comportement asymptotique de matériaux ferromagnétiques minces avec énergie de surface et/ou couplage d'échange inter-couches." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EPXX0005.
Full textChartier, Jean-Pierre. "Rééducation et changement : approche psychanalytique d'adolescents présentant des troubles du comportement et étude critique des outils réeducatifs." Paris 13, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA131009.
Full textThis study aims to specify what's really effecient in treatment of adolescents showing serious behavior problems. In the first part, idiosyncrasies of "give up and psychopathic subjects" are studied. Several metapsychological hypothesis are formulated : the existence of a structural homology between psychopathy and maniaco-depressive psychosis and the central position of "acting" in the dynamics of these states. The second part analyses the history and functionning of the reeducationnal process that we have named "the obvious tool": educationnal supports and medico-psychological assistance. Professional technical writings are confronted with opinions of ex-patients based on thirty investigative interviews. Two synthetic diagrams demonstrate the efficiency of the educator and reeducation. The third part is spent on what we call "the latent tools of change" : tranference conter transference, interpretation and identification movements. After a historical study of these freudian conceptions, we suggest propositions abble to be used with psychopathic and give up personalities. In the last part, we propose an original way of care taking : "transdisciplinary psychoanalysis". The aim is to create a supple frame work which allows the formation of an additive effect at a psychotherapeutic and educationnal level on the most difficult teenagers. We conclude with two schedules sinthetizing the contributions of what we have called "obious tool" and "latent tool"
Donni, Olivier. "Essais sur les modèles collectifs de comportement du ménage." Paris, EHESS, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000EHES0053.
Full textNguyen, Xuan Son. "Etude du comportement critique à l'aide de la théorie des champs conformes : des systèmes désordonnés aux systèmes couplés." Paris 6, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA066238.
Full textPépin, Christian. "Étude du comportement de l'indice de réfraction d'un mélange liquide binaire au point critique (système acide isobutyric-eau)." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 1985. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/6629/1/000554662.pdf.
Full textDEFONTAINES, ANNE-DOMINIQUE. "Deux problemes de physique statistique en matiere molle : comportement critique dans les cristaux liquides ferroelectriques et electrophorese de polyelectrolytes." Paris 6, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA066114.
Full textCourtenay, Nadine de. "Influence de l'anisotropie sur le diagramme de phase en champ et sur le comportement critique des verres de spin métalliques." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376040877.
Full textCourtenay, Nadine de. "Influence de l'anisotropie sur le diagramme de phase en champ et sur le comportement critique des verres de spin métalliques." Paris 11, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA112132.
Full textTwo difficulties met by the spin-glass phase transition hypothesis can be overcome when the anisotropy is accounted for. Whereas the mean feald theories for Heisenberg spin-glasses predict a transverse freezing phase transition on a "Gabay-Toulouse" line, most experiments seem to be compatible with the mean-field-model-line for Ising spin-glasses (de Almeida-Thou lesa line (A-T)). The scaling analysis of the non linear susceptibility divergence seems to yield system-dependent critical exponents, contradicting a universal behaviour for spin-glasses. We have used torque measurements, which are sensitive to transverse freezing to determine the field dependance of the spin-glass freezing temperature, focusing in particular on CuMn1%Aux alloys, where the Au impurities enhance the random anisotropy forces. At low fields, the anisotropy induces an Ising behaviour, with an irreversibility line of the A-T type. This behaviour extends to higher fields as the anisotropy is increased. As the field/anisotropy ratio increases, there is a crossover to a Heisenberg behaviour, with transverse freezing only, crossever which appears in torque but not in magnetisation measurements. Non-linear magnetisation measurements as a fonction of field at different temperatures, on CuMn0. 2%Aux and AgMnO. 5%Aux alloys, show two different critical behaviours ; aset of Ising critical exponents in range of small fields and temperatures near Tg, and a set of Heisenberg exponents in the range of high fields and far from Tg, are determined. The values of the field and temperature characterising the occurence of the crossover between the two regimes, bath increase as a function of the anisotropy. The exponents governing this crossover are also determined- • A unique three parameter, (h,t ,d), scaling describes the behaviour of all studied samples. These exponents provide a new analysis of the variation of Tg with the anisotropy in faveur of the existence of a Heisenberg phase transition
Audet, Jean-François. "Comportement critique du modèle de Heisenberg antiferromagnétique 1-D de spin 1/2 avec frustration et en présence d'un champ externe." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0011/MQ31673.pdf.
Full textSafouane, Abdellatif. "Etude par diffusion quasi-élastique de la lumière du comportement de mélanges ternaires au voisinage de leur point critique de démixtion." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37618377x.
Full textSafouane, Abdellatif. "Etude par diffusion quasi-élastique de la lumière du comportement de mélanges ternaires au voisinage de leur point critique de démixtion." Bordeaux 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988BOR10568.
Full textHsiao, Pai-Yi. "Comportement critique des modèles de spin classiques sur des fractals : magnétisme orbital d'un gaz d'electrons bidimentionnel confiné par un potentiel harmonique." Paris 7, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA077099.
Full text(I) We study the critical behavior of Ising model and 3-state Pottsmodel on fractals by Monte Carlo simulation. The results obtained byfinite size scaling satisfy the hyperscaling relation with the Hausdorffdimension, but differ from the prediction of epsilon-expansion. Theuniversality of these phase transions is shown to be weak. Moverover, we measure the dynamical exponents of the Wolff algorithm and establisha new scaling law for the size distribution of Wolff clusters. (II) Westudy a 2D electron gas confined by an harmonic potential and introducean exact trace formula in application of the residue theorem. We showthat the magnetism presents three different behaviors: Landau Diamagnetism,de Haas-van Alphen Oscillation and Mesoscopic Fluctuation. In applyingthe coherent state method, we give a formula for current density inducedby the external magnetic field
Tran, Bao Viet. "Approche micromécanique du comportement d'un matériau fissuré non saturé." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00601102.
Full textBodin, Valérie. "Comportement du ballast des voies ferrées soumises à un chargement vertical et latéral." Marne-la-vallée, ENPC, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001ENPC0111.
Full textGUNTHER, CHANTAL. "Etude du comportement electrique de constrictions realisees dans des ceramiques supraconductrices a haute temperature critique application a la magnetometrie par squid continu." Caen, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993CAEN2028.
Full textKarevski, Dragi. "Comporterment critique local associé à des perturbations apériodiques du modèle d'Ising à deux dimensions." Nancy 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996NAN10311.
Full textDufour, Marianne. "Sur la façon d'approcher les solutions de modèles algébriques du problème à N corps." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986STR13130.
Full textWe have studied a class of algebraic eigenvalue problems that generate tridiagonal matrices. The Lipkin Hamiltonian was chosen as representative. Three methods have been implemented, whose extension to more general many body problems seems possible. 1) Degenerate Linked Cluster Theory (LCT), which disregards special symmetries of the interaction and defines a hierarchy of approximation based on model spaces at fixed number of particule-hole excitation of the unperturbed Hamiltonian. The method works for small perturbations but does not yield a complete description. 2) A new linearization method that replaces the matrix to be diagonalized by local (tangent) approximations by harmonic matrices [. . . ]
Rodriguez, Zoya Leonardo Gabriel. "Le modèle épistémologique de la pensée complexe : analyse critique de la construction de la connaissance en systèmes complexes." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TOU10032/document.
Full textThis PhD thesis develops an empirically grounded and critical epistemological research on scientific knowledge construction in the community of researchers working on complex systems and social simulation. The goal of this Thesis is to establish a complex epistemology for the critical study of the process of construction, organization and change of scientific knowledge. To do this, we construct an epistemological model of the complex thought [MEPC] which provides a theoretical framework and guides the empirical methodology. We investigate the dynamics and the organization of scientific knowledge in field of complex systems and social simulation in three temporal scales: the long, average and short duration. The construction of the MEPC is grounded in the complex thought, proposed by Edgar Morin and it integrates theoretical contributions from complex systems sciences and computational modeling and simulation methods. The MEPC is empirically operational in order to analyze concrete phenomena and to submit to empirical test its theoretical postulates. The MEPC is used to conduct an empirical research which goal is to understand the organization of the system of scientific beliefs of complex system science and social simulation, using this evidence to critically explain knowledge construction in this scientific field
Esta Tesis desarrolla una investigación epistemológica empírica y crítica sobre la construcción de conocimiento científico en la comunidad de investigadores que trabajan en sistemas complejos y simulación social. El propósito de la Tesis es elaborar los fundamentos de una epistemología compleja para el estudio crítico de los procesos de construcción, organización y cambio del conocimiento científico. Para este fin, se construye el modelo epistemológico del pensamiento complejo [MEPC] que brinda un marco teórico y orienta la metodología empírica diseñada. Se estudia la dinámica y la organización del conocimiento científico en el campo de los sistemas complejos y de la simulación social en tres escalas temporales: la larga, la media y la corta duración. La construcción del MEPC se fundamenta en el pensamiento complejo desarrollado por Edgar Morin y articula aportes teóricos de las ciencias de los sistemas complejos y de los métodos de modelado y simulación. El MEPC es operacionalizado empíricamente para permitir el análisis de fenómenos concretos y someter al test de la experiencia empírica la validez de sus postulados teóricos. Se emplea el MEPC en una investigación empírica con el objetivo de comprender la organización del sistema de creencias científicas de las ciencias de los sistemas complejos y de la simulación social, y de interpretar críticamente la construcción de conocimiento que dichas ciencias realizan
Vialleton, Jean-Yves. "Poésie dramatique et prose du monde : étude des formes et des règles de comportement dans la tragédie en France, des premières tragédies de Corneille et Rotrou aux dernières tragédies de Quinault et Boyer (1634-1697)." Paris 4, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA040200.
Full textBensimon, Damien. "Comportement non liquide de Fermi dans un modèle Kondo généralisé, Antiferromagnétisme et singulet de Spin dans l'apparition de la supraconductivité à haute température critique." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004GRE10115.
Full textIn a first part, we study the fixed points associated with a generalized Kondo model. This work is motivated by the recent discovery of a non Fermi liquid behavior in some heavy fermion compounds. We consider a single impurity Kondo model, with an impurity spin described by a mixed representation of the SU(N) group, combining both bosonic and fermionic degrees of freedom. The stability of the strong coupling fixed point is discussed within a second order perturbation theory around this fixed point. We obtain an instability of this fixed point for certain class of impurity spin representations. We develop an approach based on the perturbative renormalization group, in order to identify the intermediate coupling fixed point. The low energy properties of the system are derived. In a second part, we study the high temperature superconductivity of cuprates on the basis of a magnetic-type interpretation. The first mechanism that is considered corresponds to the formation of a spin density wave, resulting from the exchange of antiferromagnetic spin fluctuations. The second one supposes the existence of a resonating valence bond state (RVB), with the formation of a spin singlet in the Copper-Oxygen plans. We develop a mean field theory, which allows to describe the coexistence of both mechanisms. Using a functional integration formalism, we derive the effective BCS-type pairing interaction among quasiparticles, mediated by the gaussian fluctuations of the considered fields. The symmetry of the superconducting gap is also discussed
Dorion, Fabrice. "Etude optique du comportement critique des propriétés de transport thermique conductif au voisinage de transition de phases dans les cristaux liquides et les microémulsions." Bordeaux 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985BOR10640.
Full textNaccache, Philippe. "La dynamique temporelle des organisations : l'économie des pratiques temporelles." Paris 10, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA100071.
Full textThis research deal with the issue of time in group projects. It uses a qualitative method of enquiry based on three case studies inside French and multinational companies. This research is inspired by the work of the French sociologist, Pierre Bourdieu. More precisely, my work tackles three research questions. The first question tries to capture the individual’s disposition vis-à-vis time which I refer to as “Temporal Habitus”. In doing so, I would like to emphasize that “Temporal Habitus” acts as a causal mechanism which can explain the practice of project members. The second question deal with the coexistence of these different individuals’ time conceptions. This coexistence may generate conflicts between the project’s members especially with regard to both the scope of the project and the meeting of deadlines. In the third question, I show that time may be strategically manipulated by individuals in order to achieve their own goals
Baczyk, Maxime. "Influence du champ aléatoire et des interactions à longue portée sur le comportement critique du modèle d'Ising : une approche par le groupe de renormalisation non perturbatif." Thesis, Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066105/document.
Full textWe study the influence of the presence of a random magnetic field and of long-ranged interactions on the critical behavior of the Ising model. Our approach is based on a nonperturbative and functional version of the renormalization group. The bases of the nonperturbative renormalization group are introduced first and then illustrated in the simple case of the classical scalar field theory. We next discuss the critical properties of the latter in the presence of a random magnetic field, which is associated with frozen disorder in the system. The distribution of the random field in space is taken as that of a gaussian white noise. We focus on the property of dimensional reduction that predicts identical critical behavior for the random-field model in dimension $d$ and the pure model, \textit{i.e.} in the absence of random field, in dimension d-2. Although this property is found at all orders of the perturbation theory, it is violated below a critical dimension $d_{DR} \approx 5.13$. We show that the dimensional reduction and its breakdown are related to the large-scale properties of the avalanches that are present in the system at zero temperature. We next consider a generalization of the Ising model in which the ferromagnetic interaction varies at large distance like $r^{-(d+\sigma)}$ with $\sigma > 0$ ($d$ being the spatial dimension). In this system, it is possible to obtain a range of critical behavior similar to that encountered in the short-ranged version of the model between the lower and the upper critical dimensions by varying the exponent $\sigma$ while keeping the dimension $d$ fixed (including the case $d=1$).We have characterized the phase transition of this long-ranged model in the plane $(\sigma,d)$ and computed the critical exponents as a function of the parameter $\sigma$ for the physically interesting dimensions, $d=1,2$ and $3$. Finally, we have also studied the long-ranged random-field Ising model when the correlations of the random magnetic field decrease at large distance as $r^{-d+\rho}$ with $\rho > -d$. In the special case where $\rho=2-\sigma$, we have shown that the dimensional-reduction property is satisfied when $\sigma$ is small enough but breaks down above a critical value (when the spatial dimension $d$ is less than $d_{DR}$). In particular, for $d=3$, we predict a breakdown of dimensional reduction for $\sigma_{DR}\approx 0.71$
Yahiaoui, Mohamed. "ETUDE DU DIAGRAMME DE PHASE ET DU COMPORTEMENT VERRE DE SPIN DU SYSTEME ISOLANT DILUE FexMg1-xBr2." Toulouse, INSA, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988ISAT0014.
Full textHamelin, Jean. "Étude du comportement de la constante diélectrique et de la conductivité électrique d'un mélange liquide binaire à proximité de son point critique de démixtion (système nitroéthane-3méthylpentane)." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 1990. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/5525/1/000584295.pdf.
Full textCampos, Serrano Juan. "Modèles attractifs en astrophysique et biologie : points critiques et comportement en temps grand des solutions." Phd thesis, Université Paris Dauphine - Paris IX, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00861568.
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