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Academic literature on the topic 'Composés organiques – Microorganismes – Croissance'
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Journal articles on the topic "Composés organiques – Microorganismes – Croissance"
SOULIER, C., V. BOITEUX, P. CANDIDO, E. CAUPOS, M. CHACHIGNON, G. COUTURIER, X. DAUCHY, et al. "La spectrométrie de masse haute résolution pour la recherche de micropolluants organiques dans l’environnement." Techniques Sciences Méthodes 6, no. 6 (June 21, 2021): 43–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.36904/tsm/202106043.
Full textBenhamou, N., and K. Picard. "La résistance induite : une nouvelle stratégie de défense des plantes contre les agents pathogènes." Article de synthèse 80, no. 3 (April 12, 2005): 137–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/706189ar.
Full textBAYOURTHE, C., and D. ALI-HAIMOUD-LEKHAL. "Les extraits de plantes chez le ruminant : effets sur les fermentations dans le rumen et la qualité lipidique des produits animaux." INRAE Productions Animales 27, no. 4 (October 23, 2014): 317–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.2014.27.4.3079.
Full textHoulès, Anne. "Principe de facilitation appliqué à la restauration écologique de sites miniers dégradés : suivi des communautés ectomycorhiziennes au cours de successions végétales assistées par Acacia spirorbis." BOIS & FORETS DES TROPIQUES 336 (September 6, 2018): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/bft2018.336.a31616.
Full textDOREAU, M., R. BAUMONT, and J. M. PEREZ. "Avant-propos." INRAE Productions Animales 24, no. 5 (December 8, 2011): 411–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.2011.24.5.3274.
Full textCouillard, Catherine M. "Utilisation des poissons pour évaluer les effets biologiques des contaminants dans l’estuaire du Saint-Laurent et le fjord du Saguenay." 22, no. 2 (June 15, 2009): 291–314. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/037486ar.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Composés organiques – Microorganismes – Croissance"
Neill, Cathy. "Interactions écologiques entre les processus de décomposition des matières organiques des sols : modélisation et inférence bayésienne." Montpellier 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006MON20053.
Full textDesrut, Antoine. "Mécanismes moléculaires impliqués dans les interactions entre Arabidopsis thaliana et des rhizobactéries bénéfiques : Implication du transport de sucres ?" Thesis, Poitiers, 2019. http://theses.univ-poitiers.fr/63024/2019-Desrut-Antoine-These.
Full textPlants live in close relationships with complex populations of microorganisms, including rhizobacteria species commonly referred to as Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR). PGPR able to confer to plants an improved productivity but the molecular mechanisms involved in this process remain largely unknown. Using an in vitro experimental system, the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, and the well characterized PGPR strain Pseudomonas simiae WCS417r, we have carried out a comprehensive set of phenotypic, gene expression, and biochemical analyses. Our results show PsWCS417r induces major transcriptional changes in sugar transport and in other key biological processes linked to plant growth, development and defense. Using a reverse genetic approach, we also demonstrate that AtSWEET11 and AtSWEET12, two sugar transporter genes whose expression is down-regulated by the PGPR, are functionally involved in its plant-growth promoting effects. Altogether, our findings reveal regulation of plant sugar transport plays a crucial role in determining the fate of plant-rhizobacteria interactions. We extended our study to two other PGPR and a non PGPR strain. Overall, our results show that all three bacterial strains tested are able to alter the expression of several plant sugar transporter genes (essentially genes of the AtSWEET and AtERD6-like families), either in roots or in shoot, and either in physical contact with the seedling roots or via the production of volatile compounds only. Altogether, our findings reveal conserved and strain-specific trancriptional regulation of sugar transport during plant-PGPR interactions. Lastly, we report the identification and characterization of a Bacillus megaterium endophytic strain, RmBm31, isolated from root nodules of the legume species Retama monosperma. Our study reveals RmBm31 is an IAA-producing endophytic bacterium that possess a large set of genes associated with plant growth promoting traits. Using the model plant species Arabidopsis, we demonstrate this strain display beneficial effects on plant growth and root development via the production of volatile compounds. These effects seem to involve auxin-independent signaling mechanisms
Rapp, Delphine. "Devenir du prion dans les sols : rôle des micro-organismes protéolytiques." Lyon 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006LYO10223.
Full textBecause soil can be contaminated with the infectious agent of the Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies, study of the fate of the prion in soil has to be studied. Our objective was to evaluate the ability of soil microorganisms to degrade a recombinant prion proten (β recPrP). The temporal dynamics of soil proteolytic activity was monitored following an input animal organic matter of increased complexity (casein, lamb brain, buried carcasses). We showed that soil proteolytic activity was rapidly stimulated, with an enrichment of bacterial community with Bacillus sp. Proteolytic enzymes participating to the degradation of recPrP β in vitro and in soil were revealed. This study brought to the factors which could contribute to limit the persistence of the prion in soil, and which has to take into account in the soil contamination management
Stein, Nicolas. "Couplage des techniques ellipsométriques et électrochimiques pour l'étude de la réactivité de métaux : application à la croissance de films de sulfate de plomb et d'heptanoate de cuivre." Metz, 1997. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/1997/Stein.Nicolas.SMZ9742.pdf.
Full textThe ellipsometry is a non destructive optical method for surface analysis. The aim of this work was to apply the ellipsometry to the analysis of the film growth by electrochemical techniques. After introducing the theoretical background of the ellispometry, a first technological stage was consisted to an adaptation of electrochemical and optical devices. The ellipsometry is an indirect technique of surface analysis, whose exploitation of results is based on the utilization of models. We have described the main models according to the state of analysed surface. In the first experimental part, the process of lead sulphate film formation on Pb electrode in 0. 5M H2SO4 by imposed constant potential was investigated by in situ ellipsometric. The polishing quality of lead electrode surface was previously evaluated by spectroscopic ellispometric measurements. The results of the present work confirm that the passive film have a two-layer lead sulphate structure. The growth mechanism of the inner layer is explained by a nucleation and three dimensional growth model. The inner layer appears appears to be porous and Pb2+ ions diffuse through this semi-impermeable barrier. As consequence, an outer layer of larger crystals was observed. The second study was the inhibition of cooper in a desaerated sodium heptanoate solution by electro-oxidation. Rp measurements were carried out to compare inhibition efficiency using this original method with that based on other usual chemical oxidation methods. In situ spectroscopic and kinetic ellipsometric measurements was performed to study the copper passivation mechanism. The copper inhibition is attributed to the formation of a protective layer composed of a mixture of copper II heptanoate and copper hydroxide. The thickness of the passive film was evaluated at 14 nm. Two growth rates were observed during the passivation process and a model of a duplex layer was proposed
Germain, Corinne. "Nature, réactivité et biodégradation des matières organiques associées aux argiles d'un bassin sédimentaire." Nancy 1, 1995. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_1995_0165_GERMAIN.pdf.
Full textThe organic matter of 20 clay samples representative of a sedimentary basin was studied. It appears to be humic substances constituted by fulvie acids (4 to 32 %) and humic acids (2 to 58 %). The results lead to propose a typology of these kaolins. In that way three groups are distinguished relatively to the organic carbon, fulvie and humic acids contents. The humic acids, particularly studied, present condensed and polyaromatic structures. Their total N contents are relatively low. . They are rich in oxygen-containing functional groups (especially carboxylic and phenolic), Moreover, they are easily oxydable during pyrolysis at medium temperature (250°C to 350°C). Under favourable conditions (moisture, temperature, mineraI nu trient inputs), the autochtonous microbial communities grow rapidly by using organic matter associated to the clay as carbon an energy source. Some of the micro-organisms involved appear to he oligotrophic. Depending on the organic matter constituents and for relatively short-time incubations, heterotrophic bacteria are able to mineralize in C02 12 to 25 %of the organic matter. This activity promotes the production of microbial biomass and polysacharidic hydrosoluble compounds. It also leads to the transformation of humic acids essentially by oxidation of polyaromatic structures. The stimulation of heterotrophic micro-organisms promotes the biodegradation and biotransformation of highly recalcitrant organic matter. After the biodegradation of organic matter, the clay thermie properties are still the same but the suspension viscosity seems to he slightly modified and the whiteness, a main quality of the kaolins, is improved
Perchet, Geoffrey-Thibault. "Étude de bioremédiation de sédiments contaminés par des composés organiques nitrés persistants." Toulouse, INPT, 2008. http://ethesis.inp-toulouse.fr/archive/00000623/.
Full textThis work presents a bioremediation study of a sludge resulting from a lagoon having received explosive (Hexogen and Octogène) and herbicide (Dinoseb and Dinoterb) wastewater during several decades. First of all, a physico chemical characterization of the sludge made it possible to evaluate the properties of sludge to be decontaminated (pH, carbon %, nitrogen %. . . ). Thereafter, a microbiological characterization of the sludge let us to identify the microbial species present in the sediment (in particular Leclercia adecarboxylata, Pseudomonas citronellolis and Pseudomonas putida). A mixed process of aero-anaerobic reactor was developed and made it possible to degrade nitrophenols and nitramines after 105 days of study. Microorganisms identification in the sludge and in the bioremediation tests made it possible to establish correlations between the bacterial species and their role of degradation of some products
Marchand, Pierre. "Dépollution d'effluents gazeux halogénés par des microorganismes déshydratés en réacteur solide/gaz : étude de la stabilité du biocatalyseur." La Rochelle, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LAROS260.
Full textThe aim of this work was to determine and quantify phenomena involved in the loss of stability of a catalyst prepared from whole dehydrated cells and used for the direct and continuous dehalogenation of gaseous VOCs. The study of the biocatatalyst instability revealed that (i) whole cells stay alive only few hours with selected operational conditions (temperature, aw, salt buffer borate concentration) but that the dehalogenases performances are not linked to this strong mortality (ii) the organic substrate and product of the reaction (1 chlorobutane et 1 butanol) do not sorb on the catalytic bed and do not inactivate the hydrolysis in the gas phase (iii) the important rehydration of the catalyst is responsible of thermal denaturation of a part of DhaA at 40°C (iv) all the HCl producted is retained by the biocatalyst and consequently reversibly inactivate it. Observation of the biocatalyst highlights that the behaviour of the biocatalyst can be explained by the existence of two different micro-environments for the enzymes (DhaA). Indeed this complex biocatalyst contains 50% of borate buffer salts that act as support for dehydrated cells. During rehydration, part of DhaA remains in the cellular matrix environment and is denaturated and another part is stabilized by a direct contact with borate buffer salts. The lyophilised cellular extract show a stability of 1 800 hours (75 days). The direct contact between salt and DhaA allow to avoid thermal denaturations and inactivation by HCl accumulation
Lopez, Gérald. "Contribution à l'étude de l'α-L-arabinofuranosidase AbfD3 : synthèse chimique de nouveaux donneurs de glycofuranosyle activés et transglycosylation enzymatique." Rennes 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006REN1S094.
Full textDelsol, Régis. "Etude de la croissance et des propriétés des couches minces organosiliciées, obtenues dans un plasma multipolaire à résonance cyclotronique électronique répartie." Toulouse 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995TOU30021.
Full textAbyan, Mouhammad. "Effet des polymères sur la croissance et les propriétés optiques de microcristaux organiques luminescents." Toulouse 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006TOU30143.
Full textOrganic microcrystals were prepared from a fluorescent compound, 4-n-octylamino-7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazole (NBD-C8), using the reprecipitation method based on solvent exchange. The use of this dye allowed all the steps of the reprecipitation process to be followed by various optical methods. We showed that the addition of synthetic polymers to the reprecipitation medium was an original way to control the shape and the size of the organic microcrystals formed. In the presence of these additives, the reprecipitation process was strongly accelerated. The method allowed us to obtain several homogeneous samples of microcrystals. Which were studied by absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy. Our approach is interesting for better understanding the optical properties of organic compounds of micrometric size, which are still very badly known. It can also be used in the pharmaceutical field, to control the size of drug particles and to facilitate their solubilization