Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Composés organométalliques – Réactivité'
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Sotiropoulos, Jean-Marc. "Synthèse et réactivité des diazométhylènephosphoranes." Toulouse 3, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991TOU30237.
Full textMourad, Youssef. "Electrosynthèse et réactivité de dérives organométalliques de l'antimoine et du niobium." Dijon, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992DIJOS015.
Full textPeignieux, Audrey. "Influence de résidus organométalliques et de substituants positivement chargés sur la réactivité intrinsèque d'acides carbonés." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999VERS0004.
Full textDas, Neves Nicolas. "Synthèse et réactivité de [3]-cumulenols." Paris 6, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA066703.
Full textElbouadili, Abdelaziz. "Complexes organométalliques des actinides : réactivité de la liaison sigma - uranium (thorium) - carbone." Dijon, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985DIJOS022.
Full textAaliti, Abdellatif. "Réactivité des liaisons sigma actinide-azote et actinide-carbone : applications en synthèse organique." Dijon, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986DIJOS015.
Full textBerthet, Janclod. "Synthèse et réactivité de complexes triscyclopentadienyliques de l'uranium (III) et (IV)." Paris 11, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA112200.
Full textLegoupy, Stéphanie. "Synthèse et réactivité de nouveaux complexes organométalliques chiraux du rhénium." Rennes 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997REN10148.
Full textDenat, Franck. "Synthèse par métallation dirigée et réactivité de silyl-, germyl- et stannylpyrroles et pyrrolecarbaldéhydes." Toulouse 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993TOU30241.
Full textLaurent, Christian. "Synthèse et réactivité de nouveaux dérivés cycliques organométalliques des éléments du groupe 14(Si, Ge, Sn)." Toulouse 3, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991TOU30242.
Full textArnaudet, Lucile. "Synthèse, étude structurale et réactivité de composés organométalliques d'uranium III : application à la catalyse." Paris 11, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA112054.
Full textA short review of cyclopentadienyl complexes of Uranium is given following which some new trivalent complexes of Uranium are described. In the first part the chemistry of the Uranium-Carbon σ bond is studied. Sulfur dioxide can be inserted into the Uranium carbon bond. Two new organometallic complexes have been synthesized by reduction and alkylation of Cp₃UCl (with organolithium reagents). The existence of the anions Cp₃UCH₃⁻ and Cp₃UC₄H₉⁻ has been demonstrated by NMR, EPR, optical spectroscopy and electrochemical techniques. The structure of the butyl derivative has been resolved. The anions coordinate diphenylacetylene via π bonds and are shown to be excellent hydrogenation catalysts. In the presence of lithium naphtalenide Cp₃UC₄H₉⁻ can coordinate dinitrogen and reduce it, with a good yield, to ammonia
Schollhammer, Philippe. "Contribution à l'étude de la réactivité de complexes di- et polynucléaires : synthèse et électroréactivité de dérivés thiolato-pontes du vanadium et du molybdène." Brest, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BRES2001.
Full textDerat, Etienne. "Etude théorique de la formation et de la réactivité de complexes organométalliques à base de zirconium." Reims, 2004. http://theses.univ-reims.fr/exl-doc/GED00000025.pdf.
Full textIn this thesis, we initially start on the mechanism of formation of the species of the type Cl2Zr(alkene) starting from Cl2Zr(alkyl)2. We show, by calculations using DFT, that the mechanism is a concerted and associative b hydride abstraction. The hypothesis of g hydride abstraction is refuted, and also for the species of the Cp2Zr(alkyl)2 types. But whereas for these last, it was not necessary to utilize specifically a polar solvent (ether) or a phosphine to generate Cp2Zr(alkene), we show that in the case of the chlorine ligands, that is essential. This effect of specific solvent is explained by an energetic decomposition. We compare then the behavior of L2M(p bond) species where L is a chlorine, a cyclopentadienyl or a methoxy, M a zirconium, a titanium and where the p bond is constituted by an alkene family or a family of carbonyls. The relative stability of these various compounds is analyzed as well as complexation of one molecule of polar solvent. We study subsequently the insertion of a second molecule comprising a double bond on these molecules, which leads to metallacyclopentanes. We show in particular that the relative stability of these cycles can directly be connected to the stability of the metallacyclopropanes for the insertion of the same substrate. The last part is devoted to the reactivity study of Cl2ZrEt2 in the presence of various substrates (formaldehyde, benzaldehyde, dimethylfulvene) in polar and non-polar medium. We demonstrate thus, that in non-polar medium, Cl2ZrEt2 reacts with these unsaturated substrates by a concerted six-centers mechanism of hydrogen transfer
Martin, Christian. "Synthèse et réactivité d'arylméthylbenzonitriles." Paris 11, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA114823.
Full textEl, Baz Fatima. "Germa-imines stabilisées par l'effet de substituants attracteurs sur l'azote." Toulouse 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997TOU30159.
Full textDespeyroux, Pierre. "Réactivité des amines et des dérivés organométalliques en série 3-déshydroquinique : Modélisation d'activités 3-déshydroquinate hydrolyase." Toulouse 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990TOU30048.
Full textSablier, Michel. "Réactivité en phase gazeuse des cations des métaux de transition avec des espèces atomiques ou radicalaires." Paris 6, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA066318.
Full textJoubert, Jérôme. "Approches modèles de la structure, de la réactivité et de la spectroscopie de complexes organométalliques greffés sur alumine gamma." Lyon, École normale supérieure (sciences), 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006ENSL0356.
Full textThe limitation in the comprehensive approach of surface organometallic chemistry by classical techniques of the analytical chemistry has inspired this work on the model approach of structure, reactivity and spectroscopy of grafted organometallic complexes by the tools of the density functional theory combined with the basis of statistical physics. Such a method has been applied to grafted zirconium complexes on alumina for alkanes hydrogenolysis and to grafted tungsten complexes on alumina for alkanes metathesis. The crucial role of the surface has been underlined
Messaoudi, Abdelatif. "Etude de la liaison chimique dans les clusters organométalliques et réarrangement de ligands." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006STR13203.
Full textThis thesis, essentially based on theoretical studies (EHT and DFT calculations), is divided into two parts. The first part is devoted to the study of the electronic structure and chemical bonding in polymetallic complexes. Several approaches are presented, in particular the isolobal analogy. The second part concerns essentially reactivity studies. This part is divided into five chapters. The first one being about the study of a molecular wire containing Ag-Pd bonds. This chapter is followed by a study of the intermetallic migration of a silyl ligand. The third chapter concerns a Pseudo-Hofmann rearrangement on a ruthenium cluster. The last two chapters are more particularly based on ligands chemistry. In the first instance on the study of a cationic radical obtained by dimerisation of a quinonic ring, in the second instance on the tautomerism of an amino-thiazoline phosphine
Solo, Ojo Wilfried. "Contribution à l'étude de complexes organométalliques dinucléaires du molybdène à environnement soufré pour l'activitaion moléculaire : réactivité vis à vis d'alcynols, d'isocyanures et de molécules soufrées." Brest, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007BRES2025.
Full textWe have been involved for some years in sulfur rich bimetallic systems which can act as models of species occuring in biological and industrial processes. Our approach implied organometallic complexes containing the bimetallic core {Mo2Cp2(μ-SMe)3}, which react with unsatured molecules such as alkyne, isocyanide, nitrile. . . Complexes with alkynol ligands bridging two metals have been isolated and characterised. Further transformations of Mo2-alkynol adducts to allenylidene species were also obtained, and the conversion of the former into an agostic ligand was observed. At the same time, we described the reactivity of isonitrile towards nucleophilic agents (NaOH, NaSH or NaCCH), leading to new compound containing ligands such as aminocarbyne, aminocarbene and aminooxycarbene which result either from C-C and C-N couplings between the cyclopentadienyl ligand and isocyanides or from C-C coupling between isocyanide groups. Moreover, the syntheses and characterisation of Mo complexes containing sulfide, thioether, dithiane and thioxane were carried out. These reactions are of interest in connection with the modeling of catalytic hydrodesulfuration (HDS) processes. Finally, we described here the syntheses of new complexes and original transformations promoted by a bimetallic molybdenum core
Mallard, Alain Laurent. "Vers de nouveaux complexes thiométalliques : réactivité de tétrathiométallates [MS4]z-(M=V, Mo, W) vis à vis de composés organiques électrophiles : un alcyne substitué et des isothiocyanates substitués." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004VERS0015.
Full textLa synthèse de nouveaux dérivés soufrés de métaux de transition est motivée par leur implication dans des domaines aussi variés que la catalyse pour la compréhension des processus d'hydrodésulfuration, la chimie bioinorganique dans la modélisation de sites actifs d'enzymes ou la médecine. Récemment, nous avons développé une stratégie de synthèse qui consiste à faire réagir des tétrathiométallates [MS4]z- (M = V, Mo, W) vis à vis de composés organiques électrophiles insaturés, dans le but de synthétiser de nouveaux complexes thiométalliques. L'architecture moléculaire des composés obtenus ainsi que les processus rédox complexes qui ont lieu lors de leur formation dépendent implicitement de la nature du métal de transition et de celle du composé organique. L'addition de l'acétylène dicarboxylate de méthyle (DMA) sur VS43-, MoS42- et WS42- a permis d'isoler de nombreux complexes à ligands dithiolène. Plusieurs types structuraux ont été caractérisés : mononucléaires [M(O)(η2-S2C2(CO2Me)2)2]2- (M = V, W) et [M(η2-S2C2(CO2Me)2)3]2- et dinucléaires [M2(S)2(µ-S)2(η2-S2C2(CO2Me)2)2]2- (M = Mo, W) et [W2(µ-S)2(η2-S2C2(CO2Me)2)4]2-. La génération in situ des ligands soufrés, difficilement accessibles par voies directes, constitue un autre point fort de cette stratégie de synthèse. Ainsi l'action des tétrathiométallates sur des isothiocyanates substitués (RNCS) représente une voie d'accès efficace à de nouveaux complexes à ligands dithiocarbimate : [V2(µ-S2)2(η2-S2CNPh)4]4-, [V3(µ3-S)(µ-S2)2(η2-S2CNR)3]5- (R = C6H11, Me) et [M2(S)2(µ-S2)(η2-S2CNR)2]2- (M = Mo, W) (R = Ph, C6H11, Me). Afin d'expliquer la formation de ces composés, différents chemins réactionnels ont été proposés
Lecuyer, Christine. "Synthèse de complexes organométalliques supportés du zirconium à partir de tétranéopentylzirconium : réactivité et application à l'hydrogénolyse catalytique des alcanes." Lyon 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LYO10017.
Full textLisena, Jérôme. "Nouveaux complexes pince indényle et indolyle de palladium : préparation et réactivité." Toulouse 3, 2013. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/2013/.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to develop and study a new family of pincer complexes based on indene and indole skeletons. In recent years, pincer complexes commanded much attention in the field of organometallic chemistry. Many important applications and properties were discovered and this contributes to the dynamic in the development of new pincer structures. The first chapter presents a bibliographic introduction of pincer complexes, the principal way of preparation and some original applications (catalysis, high reactive compound stabilization, mechanistic studies). Then, the development of the indenyl pincer complexes in the LBPB group of the LHFA is introduced. The second chapter contains the synthesis of SCS indenyl and indenylidene palladium (II) complexes. A mechanistic study of the formation of these complexes shows that the Csp3-H bond is activated preferentially compared to the Csp2-H bond. Therefore, a methyl substituted ligand is prepared in order to block the pathway of Csp3-H bond activation. It demonstrates the feasibility of the direct activation of the central Csp2-H with subsequent formation of a methylindenyl palladium complex. In the third chapter, a new ligand structure is developed starting from the indole skeleton. This new pro-ligand completes the serie of indenyl, indolyl and indenylidene complexes, which exhibit a range of different structural and electronic properties. Finally, the non-innocent character of this new complex is studied and proves the inertia of the lone pair of the nitrogen. In the last chapter, the influences of the three platforms are compared from a structural point of view, in all cases with the PPh3 co-ligand. The electronic properties are examined using carbon monoxide as spectroscopic probe. Hydroamination of acrylonitrile and allylation of imine are then carried out to distinguish the systems according to their electronic properties and their mechanism
Barros, Noémi. "Etude théorique de la structure et de la réactivité des complexes organomatalliques de lanthanides et d'actinides." Montpellier 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007MON20062.
Full textRaponi, Eric. "Préparation d'oxétènes par cycloaddition [2+2] et réactivité de cétènes et β-lactones silylés en présence de complexes organométalliques." Aix-Marseille 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003AIX30014.
Full textThe objective of this work was firstly to explore the reactivity of silyl ketenes with respect to organometallic reagents centered on a hypovalent titanium atom (Kulinkovich's reagent) and secondly, to control the conditions under which alkoxyoxetes could be prepared and characterized. In the first case, we could highlight a ketene/alkene exchange by trapping the corresponding compounds, and prepare stereoselectively vinylcyclopropanols (resulting from the sequential formation of three C-C connections) and (alpha),(alpha)'-dienones obtained via an alkene/alkyne exchange followed by a condensation on the ketene and an aldolisation/elimination sequence. Then the experimental results devoted to ethoxyoxetes established the experimental conditions of their observation and semiempirical calculations confirmed the importance of the formation of a chelate to allow the observation of these unstable molecules
Mas, Jean-Manuel. "Synthèse énantiosélective d'hexadiène-1,5 ols-3 tertiaires substitués en position 5 et 6 : étude de leur transposition d'Oxy-Cope." Lyon 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986LYO10517.
Full textPiquemal, Fabrice. "Réactivité du méthanol et du dioxyde de carbone avec des oxydes et des complexes de l'étain (IV)." Toulouse 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993TOU30074.
Full textModarres, Tehrani Zoreh. "Etude électrochimique de la réactivité de complexes biscyclopentadiéniques du niobium vis à vis de fonctions organiques azotées (nitrile, hydroxylamine, amine, azo, nitroso et azoxy)." Dijon, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997DIJOS023.
Full textPerrin, Lionel. "Etude théorique de la structure et de la réactivité des complexes organométalliques de lanthanides : Activation de liaisons inertes et polymérisation." Montpellier 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MON20115.
Full textLyon-Saunier, Céline. "Synthèse et réactivité de nouveaux phosphino-carbènes : applications en synthèse organique et catalyse organométallique." Toulouse 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006TOU30098.
Full textThis thesis deals with the study of new phosphino-carbenes. The 3 families of singulets carbènes have been studied : push-pull carbènes with phosphino-silyl-carbenes. This study has shown the great importance of the steric hindrance in the stabilisation of a carbenic center. A couple of optically pure phosphino-silyl-carbenes has been used for asymmetric cyclopropanation reactions (ed > 98 %) push-spectator carbènes with phosphino-amino-carbenes, used as ligand for palladium II. The resulted complex is used for the catalysis of the reaction of aryl-amination. These carbenes have also been used to synthesize new phosphonio-amino-carbenes push-push carbenes with diphosphino-carbenes, discovered recently in our laboratory. It is analogous to the N-Heterocyclic-carbenes, discovered by Arduengo
Oertel, Anna Magdalena. "Synthèse et réactivité de complexes du nickel(II) comportant des ligands carbène N-hétérocyclique : des réactions de couplage C-C croisé à l'activation de liaisons C-H." Strasbourg, 2010. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2010/OERTEL_Anna_Magdalena_2010.pdf.
Full textThe research in this thesis targets some aspects of the chemistry of nickel-N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complexes. A series of half-sandwich nickel(II) complexes, [Ni(R-NHC-n-Bu]XCp†] (Cp† = Cp, Cp*, X = Cl, I), bearing a N-bound n-butyl sidearm NHC ligands has been synthesized from the appropriate imidazolium halides and nickelocene or [Ni(acac)Cp*] as models for heterogenized versions of these complexes. All these complexes were fully characterized by standard spectroscopic techniques [1H and 13C{1H}NMR spectroscopy, 2D spectroscopy when appropriate, MS, and elemental analyses]. Furthermore, many representative complexes were the subject of single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies. All these complexes feature a two-legged piano stool geometry common for 18-electron MCp†L2 compounds with a trigonal planar geometry around the central nickel atom. The [Ni(Ar-NHC-n-Bu)ICp] compounds are highly active catalysts for the Suzuki cross-coupling of aryl bromides or chlorides with phenylboronic acid in the absence of any reductant or co-catalyst and show higher turnover frequencies (TOF) than seen in their closely related symmetric [Ni(Ar2-NHC)LCp†] counterparts. The origin of the improved stability of the in situ generated active species is discussed. A heterogenized version of these complexes onto alumina has been prepared by employing 3-(trialkoxysilylpropyl)imidazolium halides and tested in Suzuki cross-coupling. In the prospect of enhancing the longevity of the active species, unprecedented half-sandwich Ni(II) complexes bearing two different NHC ligands were prepared by displacement of the labile acetonitrile ligand from [Ni(Ar2-NHC)(CH3CN)Cp]+X- with a “free” NHC. The resulting cationic bis-(NHC)-nickel complexes [Ni(NHC)(NHC’)Cp]+X- show remarkable stability, and thus low acitivity in Suzuki couplings. The Ni– NHC bonds are particularly robust as can be demonstrated by the displacement of the Cp, and not of a NHC ligand, when these bis-NHC Cp complexes are protonated. The final chapter presents a novel reaction in which the base-promoted activation of sp3-hybridized C– H bonds a- to functional organic groups at Cp†Ni-NHC centres was achieved. The scope and breadth of this activation is demonstrated by the activation of acetonitrile, acetone and other ketones under relatively mild conditions to give a range of new nickel alkyls. A remarkable double activation of acetone was notably demonstrated. The activation of C–H bonds a-to nitriles in NHC-attached sidearms to give a series of new half-sandwich nickelacycles was also achieved. Possible mechanistic pathways for these reactions have been the subject of theoretical DFT analyses. Similarly to the bis-NHC species, the nickelacycles show great robustness of the NHC– and alkyl–Ni bonds
Lebon, Emilie. "Synthèse et étude des propriétés électroniques et photophysiques de complexes polypyridyles de ruthénium à ligands phosphorés." Toulouse 3, 2010. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/927/.
Full textRuthenium polypyridyl complexes are appealing for their unusual electronic and photophysical properties and their potential applications. These properties are strictly connected to the nature of the ligands coordinated to the ruthenium. The results presented in this thesis concern the synthesis and the study of the electronic and photophysical properties of ruthenium polypyridyl complexes bearing phosphorus ligands. This report starts with a bibliographical development on the luminescence properties of these complexes incorporating a phosphorous ligand directly connected to the metal. The second chapter is dedicated to the study of the synthesis and the experimental study of the influence of the coordination of a series of neutral phosphorous trivalents ligands PR3 (R = alkyles, aryles, amino, alkoxy, aryloxy groups) connected to the metallic fragment [Ru(tpy)(bpy)]2+. In the third part, we extend our study to the coordination of amidino iPr2N-C(R')=N-PR2 and formamidino iPr2N-C(H)=N-PR2 functionalized phosphines and phosphoryl (R2P(O)-) ligands. The phosphorus complexes obtaines are all room temperature luminescent which is very unusual with the used metallic fragment. In the fourth chapter, secondary phosphines R2PH were coordinated on this fragment and allowed the access to the first corresponding phosphido complexes [Ru(tpy)(bpy)(R2P)]+, precursor of functionalized complexes which properties were studied. Finally the last step of this work was to extend this study to the Ru(bpy)2 fragment in order to evaluate the influence of the coordination of two phosphorus ligands on the complexes properties and improve the RT luminescence
Blons, Charlie. "Complexes organométalliques d'or(III) et de cuivre(III) et leur réactivité vis-à-vis des substrats π." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU30248/document.
Full textThe present work deals with the synthesis of Au(III) and Cu(III) compounds and the study of their stability and reactivity toward p substrates. An experimental and theoretical approach has been used in order to access complexes capable of undergoing migratory insertion processes. The first chapter delivers a bibliographic overview of the organometallic chemistry of gold and copper. The importance of the high oxidation state +III is highlighted by the description of important examples having contributed to the understanding of processes associated to the access and reactivity of Au(III) and Cu(III) complexes. The second chapter describes the synthesis of two p-arene Au(III) complexes by migratory insertion of olefins in the Au-C(sp)2 bond of a (P,C) cyclometallated complex. Interactions between the metallic center and the aromatic systems have been characterized by NMR, DFT and XRD for one of the complexes. Based on this insertion reactivity, a process of direct arylation of ethylene has been evidenced. The third chapter concerns the development of an intermolecular hydroarylation of alkynes process, catalyzed by [(P,C)Au(III)(OAcF)2] complexes. These have shown great activity and robustness in presence of trifluoroacetic acid. The reaction has been generalized to a broad substrate scope and a comparative study has been carried on, especially with (N,C) cyclometallated complexes, showing the superiority of (P,C) complexes for the hydroarylation of alkynes. The fourth chapter presents the envisioned strategy to develop a copper-catalyzed oligomerization of ethylene process. A predictive approach based on DFT calculations permitted to evidence easier migratory insertions in the Cu(III)-C bond than in the Cu(I)-C bond. Two strategies for the access to Cu(III) species have been theoretically evaluated. The most favourable calculations have oriented the choice of ligand models used in chapters five and six. The fifth chapter deals with the experimental study related to the first strategy of access to Cu(III) species: the directed intramolecular oxidative addition by peri-iodo napthylphosphine and naphthylamine ligands. [...]
Vergnaud, Jérôme. "Ligands ambiphiles pyridine/borane et phosphine/borane : synthèse, structure, coordination et réactivité." Toulouse 3, 2007. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/67/.
Full textThe present contribution deals with the use of ambiphilic molecules featuring both a Lewis base and a Lewis acid site, as ligands in organometallic chemistry. In the first chapter, a bibliographic study describes the behaviour of Lewis acids of group 13 in organometallic chemistry. Their role as co-catalysts is examined in order to better understand how the Lewis acid could behave in a complex featuring an ambiphilic ligand. The different coordination modes of those ligands are reviewed. The rare contributions dealing with the reactivity of those complexes are also examined. The second chapter describes the synthesis by carbon-boron coupling of a new family of ambiphilic ligands, namely 2-picolylboranes. Depending on the borane substituents, they are obtained as dimer or closed monomer via inter or intramolecular donor-acceptor dative interaction. The behaviour of 2-picolylBCy2 in solution is examined in details by NMR. An equilibrium between a dimer and a closed monomer form is evidenced. Theoretical calculations ascertain our conclusions. Coordination of this ligand to several transition metal precursors is studied. .
Deo, Claire. "Ligands Photocommutables de Métaux de Transition pour le Contrôle Spatial et Temporel de la Réactivité Chimique." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLN027/document.
Full textThe growing need to create sophisticated molecules and building blocks requires the development of increasingly more efficient synthetic tools. In this context, photoswitchable systems appear as an ideal means for controlling chemical reactivity with excellent spatial and temporal resolution. Organometallic complexes incorporating photochromic ligands represent a promising class of compounds for such applications as they combine both the versatile reactivity of the metal center with the photoswitchable properties of the ligand. This work investigates the use of azobenzenes as ligands for the synthesis of photoswitchable (η6-arene)ruthenium complexes. The study of the behavior of azobenzenes diversely substituted led to the synthesis of a new family of complexes bearing an o-sulfonamide ligand which photo-isomerization properties were investigated. The coordination of these complexes to phosphorus derivatives could be modulated upon irradiation and this property was applied to the light-triggered aza-Morita-Baylis-Hillman reaction.The second part of this work describes the synthesis and study of a new family of ketal-substituted bridged azobenzenes which display an uncommon three-species photo-isomerization pattern, triggering an interconversion between stable conformational diastereomers with a good selectivity. These compounds offer promising perspectives for conformational control by light
Ella, Obame Idriss. "Réactivité des glyconitriles vis-à-vis d’organométalliques : accès à des céto-C-glycosides précurseurs de C-glycoconjugés." Thesis, Le Mans, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LEMA1042/document.
Full textGlycoconjugates, an important series of organic molecules, are fundamental to many important biological processes such as inflammation, signal transduction, fertilization, bacterial-cell or cell-cell adhesion, virus-cell recognition and immune response…The use of such compounds as drug is limited by the significant hydrolysis occurring in physiological medium or in acidic conditions. Thus, more stable C-glycoconjugates syntheses have to be developed.A new strategy for the synthesis of C-glycoconjugates via acyl-C-glycosides precursors is described from gluco-, galacto- or manno-nitriles. First, the reactivity of O-perbenzylated glyconitriles towards various activated organozinc reagents led to various functionalized keto-C-glycosides. However, with Grignard reagents, a mixture of the corresponding compound along with glycal occurring from the elimination of benzyloxy group located in position 2 is observed. To prevent such elimination, 2-hydroxyglyconitrile was prepared. With organomagnesium or organolithium reagents, these glyconitriles led to various glyconitriles in good yieds. It is noteworthy that organolitium reagents were more efficient, leading to better yields in glucose and galactose series.With these keto derivatives in hands, the transformation of the keto group into methylene, gem-difluorine, alcool…. was performed on a galatose-derived ketone as a model for the preparation of more complex C-glycosides. Moreover, the application of the methodology was applied to the synthesis of original C-glycoconjugates as potential SGLT-2 or glycogen phosphorylase inhibitors, thereby validating the synthetic strategy
Gomes, de Lima Bernardes Miriam. "Réactivité de complexes organométalliques mono- et dinucléaires : synthèse de thiolato-composés du molybdène, du tungstène et du cobalt : étude de la formation de liaisons c-c dans la sphère de coordination du métal." Brest, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986BRES2008.
Full textKutudila, Pricilia. "Structure et réactivité des triarylbismuths : approche théorique et expérimentale." Thesis, Paris Est, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PESC1123/document.
Full textTriarylbismuths are organometallic reagents of growing interest for organic synthesis, for their ability to transfer the three aryl moieties in C-C Pd-catalysed cross-coupling reactions. These essentially non-toxic, atom efficient reactants are attractive in the context of environment-friendly chemistry and have applications in pharmaceutical chemistry and in material science. However, their development is hampered by lack of theoretical understanding. This thesis aims to explore the reactivity of these species by comparing the experimental data to fundamental theoretical studies (structural, spectroscopic, thermodynamic and kinetic properties) resulting from DFT calculations. The ultimate goal is to predict new reactivities and selectivities. A first approach consists in a comparative study on the relation between structure and properties in compounds having a pnictogen central atom like bismuth, and in different organobismuths. The existing experimental data (crystallographic, NMR, IR) were compared to the results of theoretical calculations (structures, energies, vibrational modes, reactivity parameters, etc.). After highlighting the intrinsic properties of these compounds and validating the DFT method, a new study was undertaken to elucidate the relations between structure and reactivity. This second investigation enabled us to validate the mechanism of the cross-coupling reaction involving triarylbismuths under palladium catalysis. The three major steps of the catalytic cycle have been examined, i.e. the oxidative addition, transmetallation and reductive elimination, and validated by characterizing the different intermediates and transition states. The second transmetalation step involving the triarylbismuths has also been deeply investigated. The transferability of the three aryl groups and the influence of the electronic and steric effects of the substituents on the energy barrier have been evaluated. Finally, the reactivity of triarylbismuths has been compared with that of other organometallics, to develop new synthetic approaches
Caillé, Julien. "Réactivité d’organométalliques sur des nitriles fonctionnalisés : réactions de cyclopropanation asymétrique et double addition." Thesis, Le Mans, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LEMA1028.
Full textCyclopropylamines are important scaffolds in medicinal chemistry. Among the syntheses of the aminocyclopropane moiety, the Kulinkovich-related reactions applied to amides and nitriles furnish straightforward access. However, no efficient asymmetric version has been published to date. In a first part, the study of optically active titanium complexes for the preparation of chiral spirolactams from cyanoesters has been undertaken. This work allowed us to setup a quick evaluation method for chiral ligands whose screening revealed that Taddol and its derivatives lead to the best enantiomeric excesses. However, the enantioselectivity remains too low for synthetic purposes. In a second part, the synthesis of tertiary carbinamines, another important scaffold, has been studied from acylcyanohydrins and organometallics. Notably, the synthesis of a quaternary aminoacids library was achieved. The incorporation of two different organometallics on acylcyanohydrins was also undertaken, leading to the preparation of chiral hydroxyamides in a racemic fashion. Lastly, very good yields in double addition products were obtained by using allylic organozinc reagents. The obtained hydroxyamides were used as precursors of polyfunctional linkers for the chemical ligation
Reynoud, Jean-François. "Réactivité des hydrures de niobium et de tantale en synthèse organique et organométallique." Dijon, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985DIJOS034.
Full textRajabi, Jamshid. "Nucléopalladation versus activation C-H allylique palladocatalysée : étude des facteurs contrôlant ces réactivités." Paris 6, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA066680.
Full textThe work described in this PhD thesis is devoted to identifying the rules controlling two palladium catalyzed different reactivities toward the synthesis of nitrogen or oxygen-containing heterocycles. Initially, under different reaction conditions we studied the reactivity of various nitrogenized nucleophiles. This study shows that disulfoxyde ligand is neither always necessary nor sufficient to observe direct allylic amination reactions. Subsequently, the development of two methods to ''release'' the aminopalladated intermediate was performed (oxidation and the presence of a second olefin). This work has enabled us to propose the qualitative energy profiles for processes involving an aminopalladation step or allylic C-H activation. A complementary study carried out aimed to identify the influence of protecting group on the nitrogen atom. This work shows that a sulfonyl group is required for the direct allylic amination to be successful. Finally, in the last section, we showed that the results obtained with nitrogen nucleophiles could be extended to oxygen nucleophiles
Chaumont-Olive, Pauline. "Synthèse et développement de la réactivité des triorganozincates de lithium chiraux en addition nucléophile énantiosélective et application à la synthèse de produits bioactifs." Thesis, Normandie, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NORMR069/document.
Full textThe development of new asymetric methodologies have been widely explored during the last twenty years and in particular through organometallic reagents. Although these processes lead to excellent results in terms of enantiodiscrimination, the goal of this thesis was to develop new tools: cheap, chemoselective and allowing the access to the desired compounds with high yields and enantiomeric excesses. In this context, chiral lithium triorganozincates have been studied. Enantioselective nucleophilic 1,2 alkylation and arylation of aldehydes reactions, including (R)-N-(2-iso-butoxybenzyl)-1-phenylethanamine as the chiral ligand, have been optimized toward various aldehydes. The expected secondary chiral alcohols have been obtained with good yields (up to 83%) and high enantiomeric excesses (up to 99%).These processes have been then applied to the asymmetric synthesis of naturals and/or bioactive compounds as Spiromastilactone A, (R)-Neobenodine and (R)-Orphenadrine. Finally, the access to new amino-alcohols have been developed with the ultimate goal to engage those species as the chiral partner when reacting chiral lithium zincates with imines
Brillaud, Pierre. "Synthèses, structures et réactivités d'aorganométalliques de l'aluminium et de l'indium, dérivés d'hétérocycles azotés à potentialités biologiques." Aix-Marseille 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992AIX30066.
Full textOuled, Saad Rim. "Quelques aspects de la réactivité d'alcools allyliques et homoallyliques fonctionnels : application en synthèse totale." Nantes, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NANT2147.
Full textThe work described in this memory begin with a preparation from allyl acetates aliphatic 2 (have) and from functional acetates of cyclénols 6,7 (ac). The study of their reactivity électrophile with respect to an organometallic reagent silylé in the presence of a catalytic quantity of LiCuBr2 and at low temperature, enabled us isolated from the aliphatic functional homoallylsilanes (Z) - 3 (have) and cyclic 8,9 (ac). .
Ralijerson, Lantoniaina. "Synthèses, structures et réactivités des complexes organoaluminiques de la théophylline et de la théobromine." Aix-Marseille 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998AIX30095.
Full textMalhomme, Alexandre. "Catalyseurs bimétalliques PdPt-SiO2 élaborés par voie organométallique : structure et réactivité dans l'hydrogénation de molécules insaturées en milieu soufré." Lyon 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LYO10108.
Full textAwad, Haçan. "Nouvelle méthode de fonctionnalisation d'hétérocycles par voie organométallique : génération des pyridylmagnésiates par déprotonation et études de leurs réactivités." INSA de Rouen, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006ISAM0004.
Full textCocaud, Chloé. "Nouvelles méthodologies de synthèse et évaluation biologique d’analogues de glycosides et de glycosyl phosphates en série iminosucre." Thesis, Orléans, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ORLE2044.
Full textGlycosylamines are convenient precursors of a diversity of natural products and analogs of biological interest. In particular they have been used as latent imine equivalents in reactions with various organometallic nucleophiles to prepare imino-C-glycosyl compounds. Considering the advantages of Ellman t-butanesulfinyl imines as convenient electrophiles for the stereocontrolled addition of various groups to form amines, we explored the synthesis and reactivity of yet little known t-butanesulfinyl glycosylamines. We report herein our results on the preparation of various glycosylamines and their reactivity towards magnesium and lithium derivatives, including fluorinated reagents, to give open-chain amines. Details are given on the stereochemical effects involved in this process. We also present the transformation of the intermediate amines into imino-C-glycosyl products, including such significant compounds as glycosyl phosphate mimics bearing a fluorinated aglycone. Biological evaluation of number of compounds has been performed on GlfT2, an enzyme of importance regarding to its potential as target for the treatment of tuberculosis disease
Hoffmann, Marie. "Catalyse à l'or (I/III) : de la réactivité au catalyseur, en passant par l'analyse structurale." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAF020/document.
Full textOrganometallic catalysis is one of the most powerful tools in chemical synthesis, because, depending on the catalyst, it allows for selective and specific transformations. Thus, the reactivity of gold salts and complexes was revamped around fifteen years ago. Nowadays, they are considered as powerful and very attractive for organic synthesis, showing both π (alcyno- alcènophilie) and σ (oxo- azaphile) Lewis acid properties.The first objective of this thesis was to study the reactivity of gold catalysts by the development of new reactions catalyzed by gold(I/III). If most of the developed reactions in gold catalysis is related to π activation, we proved its potential in a reaction dealing with σ activation, the Nazarov cyclization. This reaction was then extended to a cascade process, combining both π and σ Lewis acidities. Moreover, the obtainment of an unexpected by-product during the study directed our research towards a new gold catalytic reaction, the formation of furans from γ-acyloxyalkynyl ketones. Subsequently, we were also interested in the potential of gold in asymmetric reactions, which led to the development of new chiral gold complexs, based on NHC-oxazoline type ligands. Finally, we proposed to use the heteronuclear J-resolved NMR spectroscopy (a simple but scarce method), to answer some structural assignment problems
Dufour, Pascal. "Chimie organométallique de surface : étude de la réactivité des complexes η3-allyl-rhodium avec la silice, l'oxyde de titane et l'alumine." Lyon 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LYO10038.
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