Journal articles: 'Composite application'

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Mishra, Kunal, and Ranji K. Vaidyanathan. "Application of Recycled Carpet Composite as a potential Noise Barrier in Infrastructure Applications." Recycling 4, no. 1 (January 23, 2019): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/recycling4010009.

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In this work, recycling of post-consumer carpets into structural composites using a modified vacuum assisted resin transfer molding process has been demonstrated. Fabrication of carpet composites addressed the problem related to the environmental effect of waste carpet. Application of the recycled carpet composite as the noise barrier structure has been studied in terms of noise absorption coefficient. Results show that the carpet composite absorbs noise better than conventional noise barrier at a wide spectrum of frequency. Effect of weather exposure on the carpet composite showed the degradation in the mechanical properties. Nanoclay films are also used on the carpet composite and show no change in the noise absorption ability.

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Devikala, S., and P. Kamaraj. "Development of Polymethylmethacrylate Based Composite for Gas Sensing Application." E-Journal of Chemistry 8, s1 (2011): S165—S170. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/347163.

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Gas detection instruments are increasingly needed for industrial health and safety, environmental monitoring and process control. Conductive polymer composites have various industrial applications. The composite prepared by mixing carbon black with polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) has very good gas sensing applications. The gas sensors based on carbon nanotube/polymer, ceramic and metal oxide composites such as epoxy, polyimide, PMMA / Barium titanate and tin oxide have also been developed. In the present work, a new composite has been prepared by using PMMA and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP). The PMMA/Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (PMADP) composites PMADP 1 and PMADP 2 were characterized by using Powder XRD. The thick films of the composite on glass plates were prepared by using a spin coating unit at 9000 rpm. The application of the thick film as gas sensor has been studied between 0 and 2000 seconds. The results reveal that the thick film of PMADP composite can function as a very good gas sensor.

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Zimcik, D. G. "Application of Composite Materials to Space Structures." Transactions of the Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering 12, no. 2 (June 1988): 49–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/tcsme-1988-0008.

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Advanced composite materials are playing an increasingly important role in the design and fabrication of high performance space structures. Composite materials may be tailored for a particular application to establish a unique combination of high specific stiffness and strength, dimensional stability and specific damping which makes these materials ideal candidates for many applications in the hostile space environment. Demonstrative examples of typical applications to primary structures and payloads, each with a different set of performance requirements, are presented in this paper. Unfortunately, the use of polymer matrix composites for very long exposure to space has not been without problems due to various environmental effects which are discussed. The use of metal matrix composites is proposed as a possible solution to the problem. However, an understanding of the fundamental properties of composites and their response to space environmental effects is essential before the full benefit of these materials can be realized.

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Min, Kyung Ju, and Ho Sung Lee. "Composite Materials Characterization for Aircraft Application." Materials Science Forum 857 (May 2016): 169–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.857.169.

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Various composite materials have been developed for many of aircrafts feature and it is important to establish the composite materials characterization procedure based on the airworthiness requirement. Since properties of composites are a function of the properties of the constituent phases, their relative amounts, and processing methods, the overall processing must be carefully evaluated. This paper presents a composite materials evaluation procedure for composite aircraft and provide the effective statistical allowable to be approved by airworthiness certification agency. All material, specimens, fixtures and test results contained within this study were traceable and approved by the agency. In this study 8 different mechanical properties are obtained for 4 environmental conditions from 5 batches for robust sampling. By using modified coefficient of variation, the B-basis value of 0°tensile strength of carbon/epoxy unidirectional composite for elevated temperature/wet condition increases from 2,291MPa to 2,331MPa. The result would be applied to qualify domestic composite materials for aircraft within the level of a global standard.

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Pastuszak, Przemysław D., and Aleksander Muc. "Application of Composite Materials in Modern Constructions." Key Engineering Materials 542 (February 2013): 119–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.542.119.

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The paper presents the general review of application of composite materials including the distinction of their specific features. Also short overview of history of composite materials is conducted. The major subject is the explanation, what is advantage of the composites over traditional materials. Additionally, a lot of examples demonstrate in which areas of current industry they are applied.

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Kumar, J. "Hydroxyapatite Nanocomposites for Biological Application." Materials Science Forum 760 (July 2013): 39–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.760.39.

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Hydroxyapatite is a bioceramic which has a wide range of medical application for bone diseases. To enhance its usage, we have prepared ciprofloxacin loaded nanohydroxyapatite (HA) composite with a natural polymer, alginate, using wet chemical method at low temperature. The prepared composites were analyzed by various physicochemical methods. The results show that the nanoHA crystallites are well intact with the alginate macromolecules. For the composite system FT-IR study is done. The drug is pre-adsorbed onto the ceramic particle before the formation of composite. The thermal behavior of composite has been studied using thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA). This paper communicated the Influence of Polymer concentration on the Controlled drug release from hydroxyapatite Nanocomposites

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Handayani, Murni, Nurin Nafi’ah, Adityo Nugroho, Amaliya Rasyida, Agus Budi Prasetyo, Eni Febriana, Eko Sulistiyono, and Florentinus Firdiyono. "The Development of Graphene/Silica Hybrid Composites: A Review for Their Applications and Challenges." Crystals 11, no. 11 (November 1, 2021): 1337. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst11111337.

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Graphene and silica are two materials that have wide uses and applications because of their unique properties. Graphene/silica hybrid composite, which is a combination of the two, has the good properties of a combination of graphene and silica while reducing the detrimental properties of both, so that it has promising future prospects in various fields. It is very important to design a synthesis method for graphene/silica composite hybrid materials to adapt to its practical application. In this review, the synthesis strategies of graphene, silica, and hybrid graphene/silica composites such as hydrothermal, sol-gel, hydrolysis, and encapsulation methods along with their results are studied. The application of this composite is also discussed, which includes applications such as adsorbents, energy storage, biomedical fields, and catalysts. Furthermore, future research challenges and futures need to be developed so that hybrid graphene/silica composites can be obtained with promising new application prospects.

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Kientzl, Imre, Imre Norbert Orbulov, János Dobránszky, and Árpád Németh. "Mechanical Behaviour Al-Matrix Composite Wires in Double Composite Structures." Advances in Science and Technology 50 (October 2006): 147–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.50.147.

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The fibre reinforced metal matrix composites (FRMMC-s) are one of the main groups of the composite materials. The composite wires are continuous-fibre-reinforced aluminium matrix composites, which are made by a continuous process. Composite wires already have a few experimental applications for the reinforcement of high voltage electric cables. Other experimental application fields of these materials are the preferential reinforcement of the cast parts. In this way significant decrease in the weight could be achieved. The aim of this study is to show the excellent mechanical properties of the composite wires, and the contact relationship between the mechanical and other properties (i.e. thermoelectric power) and the possibility of their standardized production. The continuous production process of the composite wires and their test results were are shown as well. The difference between the composite wire reinforced double composite structures and direct fibre reinforced blocks were delineated as well. In this paper specimens were examined by tensile tests, bending tests, thermal aging tests and thermoelectric power measurement.

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Dúbravčík, Michal. "Application of Natural Fibers in Hybrid Composite Materials." Materials Science Forum 818 (May 2015): 311–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.818.311.

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The presented article deals about hybrid composite materials based on natural fibers and their mechanical testing. It contains test process of composite materials, which contain staple fibers and whole fibers of hemp, cotton, sisal and jute combined with carbon fabric. The objective of the thesis is to confirm or decline the ability of hybrid bio-composites usage in automotive industry following the testing results. Experimental part contains the methods of bio-composites test samples manufacturing and the testing, particularly tensile strength testing and impact test at a bending. The results of this part are statistically evaluated.

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Yu, Da Wei, Yue Long Hou, and Xiao Li Wang. "Research on the Synthesis and Application of Graphene Composite Nanomaterials." Advanced Materials Research 788 (September 2013): 3–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.788.3.

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During the last half decade, chemically modified graphene has been studied in the context of many applications, such as polymer composites, energy-related materials, sensors, and so on. Herein, we provide a recent development of the synthesis of graphene composite nanomaterials and their application. This paper will be of value to synthetic chemists interested in this emerging field of materials science, as well as those investigating applications of graphene.

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Fanani, Elvira Wahyu Arum, Eko Surojo, Aditya Rio Prabowo, and Hammar Ilham Akbar. "Recent Progress in Hybrid Aluminum Composite: Manufacturing and Application." Metals 11, no. 12 (November 28, 2021): 1919. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met11121919.

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Due to their excellent properties, the requirement for materials with higher characteristics has transformed primary alloy into composite materials. Composites are particularly essential for various applications in numerous engineering purposes because of their superior mechanical, physical, and machining qualities. Compared to traditional materials, aluminum composite has various advantages and superior characteristics. To reduce production costs and obtain the desired properties, the researchers developed a hybrid aluminum matrix composite (HAMC), an AMC with two or more types of reinforcement. Further studies were conducted to improve the qualities and manufacturing processes of composites to improve their properties. Various methods are available to HAMC manufacturing, and different manufacturing methods result in different characteristics of HAMC composites, viewed from physical properties, mechanical properties, and production cost. In addition, differences in the type, size, and amount of reinforcement produce various hybrid composite properties, especially in the physical properties, mechanical properties, and tribological behavior of HAMC. This work presents a comprehensive review of recent progress in HAMC study with various reinforcement particles, manufacturing techniques, physical, mechanical, and tribological properties of HAMC. On the other side, this work provides discussion for application, challenges, and future work conducted for HAMC development.

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de Abreu Martins, Silvana, João Marciano Reis, and Heraldo da Costa Mattos. "Influence of Graphite Powder and Carbon Black Weight Percentages on the Electrical Properties of Epoxy Composite Plates." Materials Science Forum 869 (August 2016): 366–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.869.366.

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There is a growing demand for polymeric composite materials, mainly, in industrial applications. For instance, bipolar plates for polymer electrolyte fuel cell in automobile applications. This kind of composite can replace with lower cost and greater efficiency metallic components. The basic requirement is that the composite must possess adequate electrical and mechanical properties for the particular application. The goal of the present paper is to analyze the effect of graphite powder and carbon Black weight percentages on the electrical properties of epoxy composite plates. Electrical conductivity tests were performed in different composites. This study shows that is possible to obtain a semiconductor behavior with both epoxy/graphite and epoxy/Carbon Black composites.

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Hong, Sung Jin, and Deug Joong Kim. "Polymer Derived Ceramic Seals for Application in SOFC." Materials Science Forum 534-536 (January 2007): 1061–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.534-536.1061.

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Polymer derived ceramic composites have been developed for SOFC seals. The formation and properties of the ceramic composite derived from a mixture with polysiloxane and filler were investigated. In the presence of filler materials such as ZrO2 and AlCo, the thermal properties of the ceramic composite could be controlled. The mixtures with polymethylsiloxane and fillers were prepared and their conversions to ceramic composites by annealing in N2 atmosphere were studied. The microcrystalline composites with filler embedded in a silicon-boron-oxycarbide glass matrix were formed. The thermal expansion behaviors were measured and discussed.

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Lee, Ho Sung. "Advanced Conductive Composite Materials for Spacecraft Application." Advanced Materials Research 123-125 (August 2010): 7–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.123-125.7.

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In this study, thermal responses of advanced fiber/epoxy matrix composite materials are considered for spacecraft thermal design. These thermal responses are important, because the localized thermal behavior from applied heat loads can induce thermal stresses, which can lead to functional failure of the spacecraft system. Since most of polymer matrices exhibit relatively poor thermal conductivity, the composite materials have been widely considered only for structural application and little for thermal application. However, recently pitch-based high performance carbon fiber becomes available and this fiber shows high thermal conductivity. Because of this combination of low CTE and high thermal conductivity, continuous carbon fiber composites make them suitable for thermal management of spacecraft. The advanced composite material is composed of a continuous high modulus pitch based fiber (YS90A) and DGEBA epoxy resin(RS3232). It was demonstrated that advanced composite material satisfied thermal requirement for a lightweight thermal radiator for heat rejection of communication satellite.

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Chon, Yang, Lee, Kim, Jeon, Jho, and Chung. "Novel PEEK Copolymer Synthesis and Biosafety – I: Cytotoxicity Evaluation for Clinical Application." Polymers 11, no. 11 (November 2, 2019): 1803. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11111803.

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In this research, we synthesized novel polyetheretherketone (PEEK) copolymers and evaluated the biosafety and cytotoxicity of their composites for spinal cage applications in the orthopedic field. The PEEK copolymers and their composites were prepared through a solution polymerization method using diphenyl sulfone as a polymerization solvent. The composite of PEEK copolymer showed good mechanical properties similar to that of natural bone, and also showed good thermal characteristics for the processing of clinical use as spine cage. The results of an in vitro cytotoxicity test did not show any evidence of a toxic effect on the novel PEEK composite. On the basis of these cytotoxicity test results, the PEEK composite also proved its in vitro biosafety for application to an implantable spine cage.

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Li, Lun, and Huang Jing. "Research on the Application of Fiber-Reinforced Composite Materials on Sports Equipments." Applied Mechanics and Materials 687-691 (November 2014): 4244–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.687-691.4244.

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Composite materials help to improve the needs of all types of sports equipment performance and lightweight. In recent years, composite materials used in the race bike, a variety of bats, climbing wall materials and other aspects have made new progress. In this paper introduces the composites and the characteristic of fiber-reinforced composite materials and indicate several examples about fiber reinforced composites in sports equipment applications.

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Szelka, Janusz, and Zbigniew Kamyk. "The application of composites (FRP) in military bridges." Budownictwo i Architektura 12, no. 2 (June 11, 2013): 063–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/bud-arch.2074.

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The needs of expeditionary forces involve the use of light-weight, short-span bridges so that their transport by air would be possible. A project which is currently developed in USA aims at the elaboration of a Composite Army Bridge (CAB) assault bridge and a Modular Composite Bridge – MCB logistic bridge. In 2004 CAB successfully underwent fatigue tests. A 14 m-long, all-composite treadway bridge span was loaded by using an MLC 100 vehicle and it withstood 20 000 load cycles. The MCB will be constructed by7 m of box modules and a 6.5 m access ramp. A 26 m-long and 4 m-wide bridge span is to provide the traffic ability of MLC 65. Furthermore, works on a 10 m-long, MLC 30 composite bridge are also developed in Canada too. The paper also presents the American concept of employing a deployable bridge system by utilising a composite structure. In order to formwork and reinforce the plate, fibre reinforced polyester composites (FRP) were used. The girder construction is made of aluminium pipes forming diamond truss with curved bottom chord. After they are integrated in the structure, the top chord nodes are connected through deck plate cast in-situ. The tests indicated that there exists the possibility of using polymer composites in military bridge construction and mobile structures of composite bridges.

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Kolosov, Aleksandr E., Volodymyr I. Sivetskii, Elena P. Kolosova, Volodymyr V. Vanin, Aleksandr V. Gondlyakh, Dmytro E. Sidorov, and Igor I. Ivitskiy. "Creation of Structural Polymer Composite Materials for Functional Application Using Physicochemical Modification." Advances in Polymer Technology 2019 (August 26, 2019): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/3501456.

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The various aspects of physicochemical modification of the components of structural materials of functional application based on classical composites and nanocomposites are analyzed. Potential applications of such materials are briefly described. Ultrasonic cavitation treatment is considered as a basic method of physical modification when obtaining the indicated classes of composites. The influence of ultrasonic treatment modes on the technological and operational properties of reactoplastic polymers, as well as on the hardening of reinforced composites based on them, is investigated. Technical means of ultrasonic cavitation processing of liquid binders and polymer composites based on them are briefly described. An effective spectrum of interrelated structural and technological parameters of ultrasonic treatment has been characterized, which is established by calculation and experimentally-statistically. The design issues of the technological processes of obtaining polymer composites of functional application are analyzed. The efficiency of creating carbon fiber composite materials, as well as the prospects for creating of these materials based on reinforcing fabric with nanomodified fillers, is described. The methods of obtaining functional nanomodified carbon-composites with improved physicomechanical and operational properties, in particular with increased strength and electrical conductivity, are characterized. The effectiveness of the ultrasonic treatment and production of nanomodified thermoplastic composite materials by extrusion method is considered. Some issues of forming products from intelligent polymer composites are analyzed. The results of the survey can be used in the design of advanced technologies for the creation of functional polymer composites of functional application.

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Cowan, D. D., T. M. Stepien, R. Ierusalimschy, and C. J. P. Lucena. "Application integration: Constructing composite applications from interactive components." Software: Practice and Experience 23, no. 3 (March 1993): 255–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/spe.4380230304.

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Li, Ya Nan, Wei Zheng Zhang, Yuan Fu Cao, and Ti En Zhang. "Properties and Application of Alumina Reinforced Aluminum Composite." Advanced Materials Research 853 (December 2013): 68–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.853.68.

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Improving high-temperature strength of aluminum piston material is a core technology for diesel engines to high speed and high intensity. To figure out the influence of alumina reinforced aluminum composites to the thermal load of high intensity piston, this paper study the properties of the alumina fiber reinforced aluminum composite and its protection for piston. The research shows that, compared with the cast aluminum, the high tensile strength and fatigue limit of the composite were increased by about 25% and 26% respectively. Therefore, the alumina fiber reinforced composite could not improve the temperature distribution of the piston, but it can improve high temperature strength and the operational reliability of the piston.

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Sultan, M. Tipu, Md Arifur Rahman, Jahid M. M. Islam, Mubarak A. Khan, Nazia Rahman, Noor A. Alam, A. K. M. A. Hakim, and M. Mohibul Alam. "Preparation and Characterization of an Alginate/Clay Nanocomposite for Optoelectronic Application." Advanced Materials Research 123-125 (August 2010): 751–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.123-125.751.

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Sodium Alginate/bentonite clay composites of different compositions were prepared by solution casting method. The electrical properties (Conductivity, Dielectric constant) of the composites were investigated by standard methods with Impedance Analyzer. The electrical properties were found to improve with the incorporation of bentonite clay. The thermal, physical and mechanical properties of sodium alginate/bentonite clay composite were investigated by Thermo-Mechanical Analyzer (TMA), X-ray Deffraction (XRD), and Universal Testing Machine respectively. . Tensile Strength (TS) and Elongation at break (Eb) of 2% clay containing composite film were found to be 7.6 MPa and 55% respectively. The XRD demonstrates the enhancing crystallinity of sodium alginate/bentonite clay composite with the increasing clay content. TMA results showed a higher thermal stability in the composite. Water absorption properties of the sodium alginate/clay composite were studied and found to decrease with the increase of clay content. . The inter action between sodium alginate and bentonite clay were studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). All of the results indicate that the developed composite is promising for use in a wide variety of optoelectronic applications.

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Mahfuza Farzana, Kazi M Maraz, Shamsun N Sonali, Md. Mukul Hossain, Md. Zahangir Alom, and Ruhul A Khan. "Properties and application of jute fiber reinforced polymer-based composites." GSC Advanced Research and Reviews 11, no. 1 (April 30, 2022): 084–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/gscarr.2022.11.1.0095.

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Natural fiber composite is the novel materials in recent decades having a high strength to weight ratio and light in weight are widely used for structural and unstructured applications. Jute fiber is one of the most common biodegradable natural fibers which successfully replaced the synthetic fibers composite and also replaced glass fiber where the high strength is not obliged. Jute is grown in tropical countries and is one of the strongest bast fibers with low cost. Jute fiber composite has several attractive advantages over synthetic and glass fiber like as low processing cost, low density, stiffness and excellent mechanical properties. This advantage makes the jute a very attractive reinforced fiber for composites and increased attention in construction, automotive, aerospace and many others. This paper presented an overview on different jute fiber reinforced based polymer composites with mechanical characterization and their applications. The jute composites involving various thermoset, thermoplastics polymers, bio-based resins, jute hybrid composites and their mechanical properties are elucidated.

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Rahman, Mohammad Mizanur. "Polyurethane/Zinc Oxide (PU/ZnO) Composite—Synthesis, Protective Property and Application." Polymers 12, no. 7 (July 11, 2020): 1535. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12071535.

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A polyurethane (PU) is a multifunctional polymer prepared by using more than two types of monomers. The unique properties of PU come from monomers, thus broadening the applicability of PU in many different sectors. The properties can be further improved by using many nanoparticles. Different metal oxides as nanoparticles are also widely used in PU materials. ZnO is a widely used inorganic metal oxide nanoparticle for improving polymer properties. In this review article, the techniques to prepare a PU/ZnO composite are reviewed; the key protective properties, such as adhesive strength and self-healing, and applications of PU/ZnO composites are also highlighted. This review also highlights the PU/ZnO composite’s current challenges and future prospects, which will help to broaden the composite practical application by preparing environmentally friendly composites.

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Gudayu, Adane Dagnaw, Leif Steuernagel, Dieter Meiners, and Ambachew Maru Woubou. "Sisal fiber reinforced polyethylene terephthalate composites; Fabrication, characterization and possible application." Polymers and Polymer Composites 30 (January 2022): 096739112211033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09673911221103317.

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The use of thermoplastics (TPs) for natural fiber composites is restricted to commodity ones like polypropylene and polyethylene However, using engineered TPs such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) will benefit from its technical and economic advantages. The research aims to characterize injection molded PET composites reinforced with sisal fibers treated differently. Polyethylene terephthalate composites containing 40 wt.% of untreated, alkaline-treated, and alkali/acetylation treated sisal fibers were prepared using compounding and injection molding processes and then characterized. It has been found that production of sisal-PET composites by compounding and injection molding has been shown to be possible. Thermal damage to sisal fiber was noticed during composite production. Based on the thermogravimetric analysis analysis, a net weight loss (excluding water loss) of 11.1%–14.0% was observed at the operating temperatures of the two processes. The addition of 40 wt.% of sisal to the PET matrix improved the tensile modulus by 137%. Further improvement by 179% was observed when alkali-treated sisal fiber was used. The combined alkali/acetylation treatment of sisal yields more enhancement by 233%. This is a significant advancement because modulus is the most influential parameter during the design and service of an engineering product. Generally, compared to the raw sisal composite (RSC) the interfacial, mechanical, thermal, and water absorption properties of the alkali treated sisal composite (Al-SC) and alkali/acetylated sisal composite (Al-ASC) specimens recorded an improvement. Relative to the natural fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites that were commercialized in the automotive industry, the produced sisal–PET composites resulted in a considerable improvement of 66.6%–190% in flexural strength and by 110.5%–410.0% in flexural modulus, depending on sisal fiber treatment and the composite to be compared. Thus, the studied composites can be recommended for various parts of automobiles.

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Platnieks, Oskars, Sergejs Gaidukovs, Anda Barkane, Gerda Gaidukova, Liga Grase, Vijay Kumar Thakur, Inese Filipova, Velta Fridrihsone, Marite Skute, and Marianna Laka. "Highly Loaded Cellulose/Poly (butylene succinate) Sustainable Composites for Woody-Like Advanced Materials Application." Molecules 25, no. 1 (December 28, 2019): 121. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25010121.

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We report the manufacturing and characterization of poly (butylene succinate) (PBS) and micro cellulose (MCC) woody-like composites. These composites can be applied as a sustainable woody-like composite alternative to conventional fossil polymer-based wood-plastic composites (WPC). The PBS/MCC composites were prepared by using a melt blending of 70 wt% of MCC processed from bleached softwood. MCC was modified to enhance dispersion and compatibility by way of carbodiimide (CDI), polyhydroxy amides (PHA), alkyl ester (EST), (3-Aminopropyl) trimethoxysilane (APTMS), maleic acid anhydride (MAH), and polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate (PMDI). The addition of filler into PBS led to a 4.5-fold improvement of Young’s modulus E for the MCC composite, in comparison to neat PBS. The 1.6-fold increase of E was obtained for CDI modified composition in comparison to the unmodified MCC composite. At room temperature, the storage modulus E′ was found to improve by almost 4-fold for the APTMS composite. The EST composite showed a pronounced enhancement in viscoelasticity properties due to the introduction of flexible long alkyl chains in comparison to other compositions. The glass transition temperature was directly affected by the composition and its value was −15 °C for PBS, −30 °C for EST, and −10 °C for MAH composites. FTIR indicated the generation of strong bonding between the polymer and cellulose components in the composite. Scanning electron microscopy analysis evidenced the agglomeration of the MCC in the PBS/MCC composites. PMDI, APTMS, and CDI composites were characterized by the uniform dispersion of MCC particles and a decrease of polymer crystallinity. MCC chemical modification induced the enhancement of the thermal stability of MCC composites.

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Wu, Chin-San, and Hsin-Tzu Liao. "Fabrication, characterization, and application of polyester/wood flour composites." Journal of Polymer Engineering 37, no. 7 (August 28, 2017): 689–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/polyeng-2016-0284.

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Abstract The mechanical properties, thermal properties, antibacterial activity, and fabrication of three-dimensional (3D) printing strips of composite materials containing polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) and wood flour (WF) were evaluated. Maleic anhydride (MA)-grafted PHA (PHA-g-MA) and WF were used to enhance the desired characteristics of these composites. The PHA-g-MA/WF composites had better mechanical properties than the PHA/WF composites did. This effect was attributed to a greater compatibility between the grafted polyester and WF. Additionally, the PHA-g-MA/WF composites provided higher quality 3D printing strips and were more easily processed because of ester formation. The water resistance of the PHA-g-MA/WF composite was greater than that of PHA/WF. Moreover, WF enhanced the antibacterial activity of the composites. Composites of PHA-g-MA or PHA containing WF had better antibacterial activity.

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Panda, Shivkumari, Dibakar Behera, and Prasant Rath. "Effect of Fiber Orientation and Modification on the Behavior of Bamboo Fiber Reinforced UPE/ESOA Hybrid Composite." Diffusion Foundations 23 (August 2019): 40–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/df.23.40.

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In this chapter, bamboo fiber with parallel and anti parallel orientation has been introduced in the Unsaturated polyester (UPE)/ Epoxidized Soybean Oil Acrylate (ESOA) blend. The reinforced fiber mats were treated with NaOH and NaOH-silane to improve the stiffness and strength of the composites. Parallelly oriented fiber reinforced composite showed improved glass transition temperature. The mechanical, thermal, storage modulus and tribological properties are highly improved for parallel fiber oriented composite. Also alkali-silane treated fiber reinforced composite show optimum properties than alkali treated and raw fiber based composites. Anti parallelly oriented composites show reduced performance due to pull out of fibers. The FTIR analysis of all the composites was observed for the first time with valid reaction mechanism. So this new partially biodegradable composite can open a new door for potential application in various fields. This composite may be used as an alternating material to wood for various indoor and outdoor applications.

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Amosov, A. P., E. I. Latukhin, and A. M. Ryabov. "SHS process application in Ti3SiC2–Ni composite fabrication." Izvestiya Vuzov. Poroshkovaya Metallurgiya i Funktsional’nye Pokrytiya (Universitiesʹ Proceedings. Powder Metallurgy аnd Functional Coatings), no. 4 (December 15, 2018): 48–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/1997-308x-2018-4-48-61.

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The paper reviews the results of using the process of self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) to obtain high-temperature nickel alloys and composites based on titanium carbide (TiC) and nickel. In order to reduce the brittleness of these composites, it was proposed to replace the TiC ceramic phase by the MAX phase of titanium silicon carbide (Ti3SiC2) and use the SHS process to obtain a Ti3SiC2–Ni skeleton composite. Nickel for Ti3SiC2skeleton infiltration was introduced in three variants: by introducing to the reaction mixture; in the form of a briquette located between two SHS charge briquettes; and similar to the second variant, but with the barrier layers of paper between the Ni and SHS charge briquettes. It was shown that Ni melt in all three variants prevents the formation of the titanium silicon carbide MAX phase thus leading to its degradation. Ni introduction into the reaction mixture according to the first variant made it possible to obtain a homogeneous composite, which became almost non-porous with an increase in Ni concentration up to 50 %. When the Ni briquette was placed between two compacted briquettes of SHS charge, it was possible to melt a relatively small amount of Ni (23–29 % of the mass of synthesized composite samples), which was not enough to completely fill the porous layered skeletons of Ti3SiC2. 20 % of Si added to the Ni briquette increased infiltration depth, lowered the degree of MAX phase degradation at the infiltration point, and formed a more homogeneous composite consisting of a porous skeleton of TiC, TiSi2and Ti3SiC2phases partially filled with metallic nickel during Ni(Si) melt infiltration.

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Duarte, A. V., E. C. L. da Silva, E. A. O. Melo, F. M. M. Pereira, and A. S. B. Sombra. "Characterization of the BFO-BZN-based electroceramic composite for application as DRA." Cerâmica 66, no. 377 (March 2020): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0366-69132020663772796.

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Abstract The study and development of ceramic composites are important because of the properties that these materials can provide, such as high dielectric constant and low dielectric loss in the RF and microwave range. Such characteristics make this type of material appropriate to several segments, such as in the telecommunication sector, especially in dielectric resonator antenna (DRA). Ceramic composites provide new materials with a range of properties that can be controlled through the phases to meet the specifications of a given application. This study aimed to synthesize and characterize the composite based on hexaferrite (BFO) and ceramics based on bismuth (BZN), aiming application as DRA. The composites were characterized by FTIR, XRD, and SEM. The composites presented a compact and heterogeneous microstructure, indicating that the sintering at 1000 °C/150 min was adequate for obtaining the ceramic composites; besides, BFO-BZNβ composite was shown to be less porous than the composite BFO-BZNα.

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Mezenov, Yuri A., Nikita K. Kulachenkov, Andrei N. Yankin, Sergey S. Rzhevskiy, Pavel V. Alekseevskiy, Venera D. Gilemkhanova, Semyon V. Bachinin, Vyacheslav Dyachuk, and Valentin A. Milichko. "Polymer Matrix Incorporated with ZIF-8 for Application in Nonlinear Optics." Nanomaterials 10, no. 6 (May 28, 2020): 1036. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10061036.

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Polymers with embedded metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have been of interest in research for advanced applications in gas separation, catalysis and sensing due to their high porosity and chemical selectivity. In this study, we utilize specific MOFs with high thermal stability and non-centrosymmetric crystal structures (zeolitic imidazolate framework, ZIF-8) in order to give an example of MOF–polymer composite applications in nonlinear optics. The synthesized MOF-based polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) composite (ZIF-8–PMMA) demonstrates the possibility of the visualization of near-infrared laser beams in the research lab. The resulting ZIF-8–PMMA composite is exposed to a laser under extreme conditions and exhibits enhanced operating limits, much higher than that of the widely used inorganic materials in optics. Overall, our findings support the utilization of MOFs for synthesis of functional composites for optical application.

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Schalek, Richard L., John Helmuth, and Lawrence T. Drzal. "Evaluation of Boron Nitride Coated Nextel 312TM Fiber/BlackglasTM Composites Using an Environmental SEM." Microscopy and Microanalysis 4, S2 (July 1998): 282–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s143192760002153x.

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The most critical technical issue preventing large scale application of ceramic matrix composites is the cost-effective application of stable interface coatings on continuous ceramic fibers. Currently, an alumina-silica ceramic fiber containing up to 14 wt. % boria (Nextel 312TM) is composited at elevated temperatures to form a boron nitride (BN) coating on the fiber surface. This BN coating serves as a compliant layer facilitating crack deflection and producing a non-catastrophic failure mode. Continued development of these ceramic matrix composites requires a more complete understanding of the mechanistic paths involved in composite densification. The objective of this work is to investigate and more clearly describe the role of the BN coating and its relation to composite processing and properties of the densified Nextel 312TM fiber/BlackglasTM (silicon oxycarbide) composites.Three composites consisting of as-received fibers (coated with an organic sizing), desized fibers (sizing removed by heating), and boron nitride coated fibers were fabricated using BlackglasTM preceramic polymer 489C B-stage resin.

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Elsheikh, Ammar. "Bistable Morphing Composites for Energy-Harvesting Applications." Polymers 14, no. 9 (May 5, 2022): 1893. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14091893.

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Bistable morphing composites have shown promising applications in energy harvesting due to their capabilities to change their shape and maintain two different states without any external loading. In this review article, the application of these composites in energy harvesting is discussed. Actuating techniques used to change the shape of a composite structure from one state to another is discussed. Mathematical modeling of the dynamic behavior of these composite structures is explained. Finally, the applications of artificial-intelligence techniques to optimize the design of bistable structures and to predict their response under different actuating schemes are discussed.

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Li, Jun, Nan Huo Wu, You Hong Tang, Cheng Bi Zhao, De Yu Li, Wei Lin, and Fu Lin Liang. "Application of Composite Materials to Large Marine Hatch Cover." Advanced Materials Research 560-561 (August 2012): 809–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.560-561.809.

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A large number of laminates have been used in marine structures, such as small boat hulls, superstructures and propellers, etc. In this study, the using of composites in large scale marine hatch cover and comparison of strength, weight and cost between the conventional marine hatch cover and the composite hatch cover are investigated. The results show that the composite hatch cover is feasible and has great potential for future use because of its higher strength, lighter weight, super-corrosion resistance and economic.

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Muflikhah, Muflikhah, Wildan Zakiah Lubis, Irma Septi Ardiani, Khoirotun Nadiyyah, and Sulistioso Giat Sukaryo. "SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF HPMC/HAp/Fe3O4 COMPOSITE FOR HYPERTHERMIA APPLICATION." Jurnal Sains Materi Indonesia 21, no. 4 (December 15, 2020): 170. http://dx.doi.org/10.17146/jsmi.2020.21.4.6023.

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SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF HPMC/HAp/Fe3O4 COMPOSITE FOR HYPERTHERMIA APPLICATION. Magnetic material become subject of intense research for hyperthermia application, and injectable magnetic hyperthermia for bone cancer is one of this research interest. In this study, composite of hydroxyapatite (HAp) and Fe3O4 in Hydroxypropyl-methyl cellulose (HPMC) matrix (HPMC/HAp/Fe3O4) has been synthesized in gel form that are expected can be applied for injectable bone substitute (IBS) in hyperthermia therapy. Composites were made using conventional methods by mixing HAp powder with ferrofluid Fe3O4 in HPMC solution. The composition of the composites were varied with the mass comparison of HPMC: HAp: Fe3O4 was 1: 0: 0; 1: 3: 0; 1: 2: 0.5; 1: 1: 0.25; and 1: 0: 3. The physical, chemical, and magnetic properties of the composites were characterized using X-Ray Diffractometer (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometry (FT-IR), Particle Size Analyzer (PSA), and Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM). The XRD characterization results of the HPMC/HAp/Fe3O4 composite showed the crystalline phase of the constituent components. Saturation magnetization of the HPMC/HAp/Fe3O4 composite was 2.72 emu/g and 1.79 emu/g for the composition of 1: 2: 0.5 and 1:1:0.25 respectively. HPMC/HAp/Fe3O4 composite has superparamagnetic and biocompatible properties, so that can be applied as IBS in hyperthermia therapy for bone cancer.

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Rajak, Dipen, Durgesh Pagar, Pradeep Menezes, and Emanoil Linul. "Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites: Manufacturing, Properties, and Applications." Polymers 11, no. 10 (October 12, 2019): 1667. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11101667.

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Composites have been found to be the most promising and discerning material available in this century. Presently, composites reinforced with fibers of synthetic or natural materials are gaining more importance as demands for lightweight materials with high strength for specific applications are growing in the market. Fiber-reinforced polymer composite offers not only high strength to weight ratio, but also reveals exceptional properties such as high durability; stiffness; damping property; flexural strength; and resistance to corrosion, wear, impact, and fire. These wide ranges of diverse features have led composite materials to find applications in mechanical, construction, aerospace, automobile, biomedical, marine, and many other manufacturing industries. Performance of composite materials predominantly depends on their constituent elements and manufacturing techniques, therefore, functional properties of various fibers available worldwide, their classifications, and the manufacturing techniques used to fabricate the composite materials need to be studied in order to figure out the optimized characteristic of the material for the desired application. An overview of a diverse range of fibers, their properties, functionality, classification, and various fiber composite manufacturing techniques is presented to discover the optimized fiber-reinforced composite material for significant applications. Their exceptional performance in the numerous fields of applications have made fiber-reinforced composite materials a promising alternative over solitary metals or alloys.

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Murčinková, Z., S. Radchenko, and G. Kuchtová. "Damping of layered porous composites and an application in machinery." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1199, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012068. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1199/1/012068.

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Abstract The structured composite can involve the porous materials providing the important internal damping that is usable in mechanical engineering applications. The stiff base material is equipped by layer/s of softer porous material/s covered by constrained layer. Such layered structure is characterized by increased internal damping in vibration process. Paper analyses some either measured or simulated mechanical properties of designed layered porous composites. Novelty provided in paper is a specific application of structured composite for damping the high frequency vibrations in resonance frequency obtaining the beneficial results, e.g. 40-48% of maximum amplitude reduction.

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Yadav, Govind, R. S. Rana, R. K. Dwivedi, and Ankur Tiwari. "Development and Analysis of Automotive Component Using Aluminium Alloy Nano Silicon Carbide Composite." Applied Mechanics and Materials 813-814 (November 2015): 257–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.813-814.257.

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Composite materials are important engineering materials due to their outstanding mechanical properties. Composites are materials in which the desirable properties of separate materials are combined by mechanically binding them together. Each of the components retains its structure and characteristic, but the composite generally possesses better properties. Composite materials offer superior properties to conventional alloys for various applications as they have high stiffness, strength and wear resistance. The development of these materials started with the production of continuous-fiber-reinforced composites. The high cost and difficulty of processing these composites restricted their application and led to the development of discontinuously reinforced composites. The aim involved in designing metal matrix composite materials is to combine the desirable attributes of metals and ceramics. The addition of high strength, high modulus refractory particles to a ductile metal matrix produce a material whose mechanical properties are intermediate between the matrix alloy and the ceramic reinforcement. Metal Matrix Composites with Aluminum as metal matrix is the burning area for research now a days.

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binti Mohd, Nurul Farah Adibah, Taufik Roni Sahroni, and Mohammad Hafizudin Abd Kadir. "Feasibility Study of Casted Natural Fibre-LM6 Composites for Engineering Application." Advanced Materials Research 903 (February 2014): 67–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.903.67.

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This paper presents the investigation of casted natural fiber-LM6 composites for engineering application. The objective of this research is to study the feasibility of natural fibre to introduce in the metal matrix composites for sand casting process. LM6 is the core material used in this research while natural fibre used as composite materials as well as to remain the hardness of the materials. The preparation of natural fibre composites was proposed to introduce in metal matrix composite material. Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB) and kenaf fibre were used in the experimental work. Natural fibre is reinforced in the LM6 material by using metal casting process with open mould technique. LM6 material was melted using induction furnace which required 650°C for melting point. The structure and composition of the composite materials is determined using EDX (Energy Dispersive X-ray) to show that fibres are absent on the surface of LM6. The microstructure of casted natural fibre-LM6 composites was presented using Zeiss Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) with an accelerating voltage of 15kV. As a result, natural fibre composites were feasible to be introduced in metal matrix composites and potential for engineering application.

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Wang, Yu, Cui'e Wen, Peter D. Hodgson, and Yun Cang Li. "Preparation of Titanium/Strontia Composite by Powder Metallurgy for Biomedical Application." Key Engineering Materials 520 (August 2012): 248–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.520.248.

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In this study, a Titanium (Ti) / Strontia (SrO) composite was prepared using powder metallurgy, with the aim of obtaining advanced Ti-based composites for use as bone implant materials. Ti/SrO composites with 3 wt% SrO were fabricated using spark plasma sintering (SPS) and vacuum sintering (VS) processes. The particle morphology of ball-milled powders and the microstructure of the Ti/SrO composites were analyzed by X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive X-spectroscope (EDX). The mechanical properties of the Ti/SrO composite were investigated using nanoindentation and hardness tests. The results showed that the Vickers hardness and nanohardness of the Ti/SrO composites fabricated by both processes were significantly higher than those of pure Ti. The Vickers hardness and nanohardness of Ti/SrO composites fabricated by the SPS process were higher than those prepared using the vacuum sintering process. The elastic modulus of Ti/SrO composites fabricated by the SPS process was higher than those samples fabricated by the vacuum sintering process which was similar to that of pure Ti.

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Zhang, Shi Chao, Guang Hai Wang, Wei Wu, Yu Feng Chen, and Hao Ran Sun. "Study on Properties and Application of PG/CS Composite PCMs." Key Engineering Materials 602-603 (March 2014): 624–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.602-603.624.

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Tris (hydroxymethyl) ethane (PG) as a phase change material, micro-porous xonotlite (CS) as matrix, PG/CS composite PCMs were prepared by melt-soaking method, and the effect of micro-porous structure of xonotlite on heat absorption capacity, bending strength and insulation performance of composites, and the exudation of PG was studied. Otherwise, for the work environment and characteristics of propulsive device of vehicle, this paper explored the feasibility that phase change materials (PCMs) worked as the insulation material in short-time insulation system of the vehicle. Experimental results show that, when the most probable pore diameters of xonotlite was not less than 63nm, the composites presented better and almost same absorption capacities of matrix (CS) to PCM (PG) in different composites; when up to 85nm, the composite exhibited the lowest leakage rate (less than 5%), the optimal mechanical property and thermal insulation performance. This Study proposed a new idea for the design of the insulation material in the thermal protection system of propulsive device of vehicle.

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Yao, Gabriel Tan Shuan, Ho Mui Yen, Leong Khok Lun, Ong Wei, and Lim Jin Xiang. "Synthesis of Graphene/Silver/Molybdenum Disulphide Composite for Supercapacitor Application." Materials Science Forum 1054 (February 24, 2022): 21–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-u48e5d.

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In this study, pristine graphene/silver/molybdenum disulphide (G/Ag/MoS2) and reduced graphene oxide/silver/molybdenum disulphide (rGO/Ag/MoS2) composites materials were prepared via green solvothermal synthesis method and evaluated as supercapacitor electrodes. The morphology and structure of composites were examined by using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), and Raman spectroscopy. SEM and TEM indicate successful reduction of silver nitrate (AgNO3) to spherical Ag nanoparticles (NPs) by sodium citrate. The Ag NPs were observed to be evenly deposited on sheets of rGO and MoS2. From the XPS analysis, the spherical Ag NPs exist in zero-valent state, reflecting successful reduction. Based on cyclic voltammetry (CV) performed under 50 mV/s scan rate, G/Ag/MoS2 ternary composite exhibits the highest specific capacitance of 56.38 F/g which is 31 % and 29 % enhancement in specific capacitance of rGO/Ag/MoS2 ternary composite and Ag/MoS2 binary composite, respectively. It is believed that the presence of graphene may provide conductive pathway and a larger surface area for the distribution of Ag NPs.

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Karakostas, Bill, and Yannis Zorgios. "Model-Driven Engineering of Composite Service Oriented Applications." International Journal of Information Technologies and Systems Approach 4, no. 1 (January 2011): 23–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jitsa.2011010102.

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Composite applications integrate web services with other business applications and components to implement business processes. Model-driven approaches tackle the complexity of composite applications caused by domain and technology heterogeneity and integration requirements. The method and framework described in this paper generate all artefacts (workflow, data, user interfaces, etc.), required for a composite application from high level service oriented descriptions of the composite application, using model transformation and code generation techniques.

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Journal, Baghdad Science. "Synthesis and Environmental Application of BiOI/BiOCl Composites." Baghdad Science Journal 11, no. 2 (June 1, 2014): 469–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.21123/bsj.11.2.469-476.

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This work illustrates an enhanced visible light photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange dye (M.O.) by employing BiOI / BiOCl composites prepared under room temperature and without any organic precursors. Various experimental parameters have been studied, namely; composition of the composite, irradiation time and cell material. Composition D which implied 75% BiOI and 25% BiOCl has shown the highest bleaching of M.O. dye. This confirms the optimum photo-sensitization phenomenon for this composition in comparison to others. In the optimum photo-sensitized composite the electron of the conduction band reveals better reducing power and the hole of the valence band exhibits more oxidative power than those of pure BiOI electron and hole. Accordingly, under appropriate experimental conditions, methyl orange was significantly bleached using composite D.

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Geringer, J. W., Y. Katoh, S. Gonczy, T. Burchell, M. Mitchell, M. Jenkins, and W. Windes. "ASME Code Rules and ASTM Standards Integration for Ceramic Composite Core Materials and Components¹." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2048, no. 1 (October 1, 2021): 012020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2048/1/012020.

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Abstract Fiber-reinforced ceramic matrix composites have many desirable properties for high-temperature nuclear applications, including excellent thermal and mechanical properties and reasonable to outstanding radiation resistance. Over the last 20 years, the use of ceramic composite materials has already expanded in many commercial nonnuclear industries as fabrication and application technologies mature. The new ASME design and construction rules under Section III, Subsection HH, Subpart B lay out the requirements and criteria for materials, design, machining and installation, inspection, examination, testing, and the marking procedure for ceramic composite core components, which is similar to the established graphite code under Section III, Subsection HH, Subpart A. Moreover, the general requirements listed in Section III, Subsection HA, Subpart B are also expanded to include ceramic composite materials. The code rules rely heavily on the development and publication of standards for composite specification, classification, and testing of mechanical, thermal, and other properties. These test methods are developed in the American Society for Testing and Materials Committee C28 on Advanced Ceramics with a current focus on ceramic composite tubes. Details of the composites code, design methodology, and similarities to the graphite code, as well as guidance for the development of specifications for ceramic composites for nuclear application and recent standard developments, are discussed. The next step is to “close the gap” to support licensing aspects by validating the code with benchmarking data.

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Al-Sheikh, Rasha. "Effects of Different Application Techniques on Nanohybrid Composite Restorations Clinical Success." Open Dentistry Journal 13, no. 1 (July 31, 2019): 228–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874210601913010228.

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Introduction:Dental composites have been used as a restorative material for a long time. However, they have their limitations.Aims:This study evaluated the effects of placement techniques on the clinical performance of class I composite resin restorations.Methods:A total of 40 patients with split-mouth design participated in this study. Each patient had two fillings according to the placement technique (either bulk or incremental packing) of the composite resin restorations. Group (A): was packed by Tetric EvoCeram bulk-fill composite resin and Group (B): was incrementally packed with Tetric EvoCeram composite resin. Restorations of the teeth were evaluated on the same day, at one week, 3 months and 6 months to determine any signs of failure according to the modified United States Public Health Service (USPHS) criteria.Results:At different follow-up periods, the results showed no significant differences for retention, marginal integrity, surface stain, gingival bleeding, and secondary caries; however, there were significant differences in color match, surface texture, and postoperative sensitivity.Conclusion:This study concluded that the nanohybrid resin composites demonstrated excellent clinical performance for 6 months follow up period.

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Wang, Wei Hong, Zheng Ming Zhang, Qing Wen Wang, and Yong Zhi Cui. "Application of Organic and Inorganic Dye to Wood Plastic Composite." Advanced Materials Research 183-185 (January 2011): 2293–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.183-185.2293.

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Authors discussed the effect of organic and inorganic dyes on the properties of wood fiber/HDPE (WF/HDPE) composite. Iron oxide red, iron oxide yellow, iron blue, everbright fast red, permanent yellow, and phthalocyanine were used. Test results indicated that organic dyes provided brighter color and higher flexible properties to WF/HDPE composite than inorganic dyes. However, when exposed to UV weathering, WF/HDPE composites with inorganic dyes were more durability than those with organic dyes.

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Kumar, Santosh, and KK Singh. "Tribological behaviour of fibre-reinforced thermoset polymer composites: A review." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L: Journal of Materials: Design and Applications 234, no. 11 (July 21, 2020): 1439–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1464420720941554.

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Application of fibre-reinforced polymer composites has increased over the last two decades as compared to conventional materials. This improvement in the application of fibre-reinforced polymer composites is attributed to their unique material properties, such as high strength and stiffness-to-weight ratio, specific modulus and internal vibration damping. However, in most of the industrial applications, composite materials encounter tribological complications. Economic indicators and market dynamics suggested that the market for composite materials is booming and the dominant materials are carbon fibres, glass fibres and thermoset polymer (polyester resin) in resin segments. That is why tribological characteristics are crucial in designing carbon and glass-based fibre-reinforced polymer components. Owing to this importance, the study of tribological behaviour of fibre-reinforced polymer composite materials has expanded significantly. The present study has made an attempt to review the fundamental tribological applications and critical aspects of fibre-reinforced polymers, based on research work, which has been carried out over the past couple of decades. This work has primarily focused on the fibre-reinforced polymer composites, based on carbon and glass fibres with thermosets as the matrix material for probing into tribological behaviours. In the process, the focus has largely been on the most commonly occurring erosive and abrasive mode of wear process.

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Cilingir, Aylin, Alev Ozsoy, Meltem Mert Eren, Ozge Behram, Benin Dikmen, and Mutlu Ozcan. "Mechanical properties of bulk-fill versus nanohybrid composites: effect of layer thickness and application protocols." Brazilian Dental Science 22, no. 2 (April 30, 2019): 234–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.14295/bds.2019.v22i2.1719.

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Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the compressive strength, flexural strength and flexural modulus of high-viscosity, low-viscosity bulk-fill, and conventional nano-hybrid resin composite materials alone and when covered with nano-hybrid resin composite at different incremental thicknesses on the bulk-fill composites. Materials and Methods: Specimens (N=60) were fabricated from the following materials or their combinations (n=10 per group): a) conventional nano-hybrid composite Z550 (FK), b) high-viscosity bulk-fill composite (Tetric N Ceram-TBF), c) low-viscosity bulk-fill composite SDR (SDR), d) Sonicfill (SF), e) SDR (2 mm)+FK (2 mm), f) SDR (4 mm)+FK (4 mm). After 24 h water storage, compressive strength was measured in a universal testing machine (1 mm/min). Additional specimens (N=40) (25x2x2 mm3) were made from FK, TBF, SDR and SF in order to determine the flexural strength and the flexural modulus, (n=10) and subjected to three-point bending test (0.5 mm/min). Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tamhane’s T2 post-hoc tests (p<0.05). Results: The mean compressive strength (MPa) of the nano-hybrid composite (FK) was significantly higher (223.8±41.3) than those of the other groups (123±27 - 170±24) (p<0.001). SDR (4 mm)+FK (2 mm) showed significantly higher compressive strength than when covered with 4 mm (143±30) or when used alone (146±11) (p<0.05). The mean flexural strength (159±31) and the flexural modulus of FK (34±7) was significantly higher than that of the high- or low-viscosity bulk-fill composites (p<0.001). The mean flexural strength of SF (132±20) was significantly higher compared to TBF (95±25) (p<0.05). Conclusion: Bulk-fill resin composites demonstrated poorer mechanical properties compared to nano-hybrid composite but similar to that of SF. Increasing the thickness of low-viscosity bulk-fill composite (SDR) from 2 to 4 mm underneath the nano-hybrid composite (FK) can improve the mechanical properties of the bulk-fill composites. KeywordsBulk-fill composites; Compressive strength; Flexural modulus; Flexural strength; Mechanical properties.

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Chuah, Clarence, Jing Wang, Javad Tavakoli, and Youhong Tang. "Novel Bacterial Cellulose-Poly (Acrylic Acid) Hybrid Hydrogels with Controllable Antimicrobial Ability as Dressings for Chronic Wounds." Polymers 10, no. 12 (November 29, 2018): 1323. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym10121323.

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This investigation examines the combination of poly (acrylic acid) (PAA) and bacterial cellulose (BC) nanofibers to synthesize hydrogel hybrid composites used for wound dressing application. Amoxicillin (AM) was also grafted onto the composites for drug release. Fourier transform infrared analysis and scanning electron microscopy conducted revealed the structure and porosity of the composite being developed, as well as the successful fabrication of BC-PAA composites. The results of mechanical testing and hygroscopicity revealed that the composite shows higher stability than hydrogels which are currently used worldwide, albeit with a slight reduction in swelling capabilities. However, the composite was revealed to be responsive to a rise in pH values with an increase in composite swelling and drug release. These results together with their morphological characteristics suggest that BC-PAA hydrogel hybrid composite is a promising candidate for wound dressing application.

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Rasid, Z. A. "The Structural Application of Bio-Composites: A Comparison of Mechanical Properties between Bio-Composites and Glass Reinforced Composites." Advanced Materials Research 1043 (October 2014): 229–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1043.229.

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Green composite or bio-composite refers to a type of composite materials that consists of natural fibres and bio-polymers as its constituents. The green composite has generated great interest in research world and industries due to its advantages of renewability, biodegradability and sustainability. However due to its low mechanical properties, bio-composites has limited structural application, the area that is dominated by glass reinforced composite. As such the aim of the numerous researches on the bio-composite is to prepare green composite to have properties that can replace GRP as structural components. This paper is to compare mechanical properties of bio-composite taken from vast literature and the glass reinforced polymer composite. The properties under consideration include the tensile strength and modulus, flexural strength and modulus, elongation at break and the impact strength. It was found that with careful consideration on the chosen types of fibres and matrix, the treatment given to fibres and matrix and the manufacturing process, bio-composites can be at par or better than the glass mat thermoplastic composite.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Composite application'

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