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Ryan, Joseph J., and Laura A. Glass. "Substitution of Supplementary Subtests for Core Subtests on Composite Reliability of WAIS–IV Indexes." Psychological Reports 106, no. 1 (2010): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.106.1.13-18.
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The effects of replacing core subtests with supplementary subtests on composite-score reliabilities were evaluated for the WAIS–IV Indexes. Composite score reliabilities and SEMs (i.e., confidence intervals around obtained scores) are provided for the 13 unique Index scores calculated following the subtest substitution guidelines of Wechsler in 2008. In all instances, unique Index composite-score reliabilities were comparable to their respective core Index score composite reliabilities, and measurement error never increased by more than 1 point. Using the standard Verbal Comprehension Index and Perceptual Reasoning Index and the unique subtest combinations for the Working Memory and Processing Speed indexes, which have the lowest composite-score reliabilities, decreased Full Scale composite reliability by .01, while the associated confidence interval of ± 6 represents an increase in measurement error of 1 IQ point.
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Reason, Robert D. "Using an Act-Based Merit-Index to Predict Between-Year Retention." Journal of College Student Retention: Research, Theory & Practice 5, no. 1 (2003): 71–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/fk5q-wr6q-9mk0-84jy.
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This study examined the efficacy of an ACT-based merit index (ACT-index) in predicting the first-to-second-year retention of undergraduate college students. The ACT-index quantifies the relationship between students' ACT Composite score and the average ACT Composite score of their high school classmates. Higher education policy makers have proposed the use of merit-indices, similar to the one examined in this article, to predict retention as a way to increase diversity and combat anti-Affirmative Action trends. Results indicated that the ACT-index, although a significant predictor of retention, failed to predict retention as well as the ACT-Composite score. Evidence, however, indicates that further exploration into retention models that utilize merit-indices is warranted. Policy implications of these findings are discussed.
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Helliwell, Phillip S., Oliver FitzGerald, and Jaap Fransen. "Composite Disease Activity and Responder Indices for Psoriatic Arthritis: A Report from the GRAPPA 2013 Meeting on Development of Cutoffs for Both Disease Activity States and Response." Journal of Rheumatology 41, no. 6 (2014): 1212–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3899/jrheum.140172.
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Objective.There are several new composite indices for assessing disease activity in psoriatic arthritis (PsA). Each may function as a disease state variable and a responder index. The aim of our study was to determine cutoffs for disease activity and response.Methods.Data from the Group for GRAPPA Composite Exercise (GRACE) study were used to develop cutoffs using a number of different approaches. Voting on choice of cutoff was undertaken at the 2013 GRAPPA Annual Meeting in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.Results.After voting, results for cutoffs for low/high disease activity for the Psoriatic ArthritiS Disease Activity Score (PASDAS), GRAppa Composite scorE (GRACE index), and Composite Psoriatic Disease Activity Index (CPDAI), respectively, were 3.2/5.4, 2.3/4.7, and 4/8. The measurement error for each composite score was estimated at 0.8, 1, and 2 for PASDAS, GRACE, and CPDAI, respectively.Conclusion.Response criteria for the new composite indices have been developed. These now require further validation and testing in other datasets.
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Houston, Denise, Deeya Pathak, Rebecca Neiberg, Jamie Justice, Barb Nicklas, and Michael Miller. "GEROSCIENCE BLOOD-BASED BIOMARKER INDICES AND PHYSICAL PERFORMANCE IN OLDER ADULTS." Innovation in Aging 7, Supplement_1 (2023): 1049. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igad104.3371.
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Abstract Dysregulation in cellular and molecular aging biomarkers are hypothesized to contribute to worse physical performance. We examined associations between blood-based geroscience biomarker indices and physical performance in 414 older adults (77.4±4.4 years; 69% female). Physical performance measures included the expanded SPPB, 4m and 400m walk, and grip strength. Serum IL-6, CRP, TNFr1, GDF15, and insulin were measured and three biomarker indices created: 1) a quintile index calculated by summing quintile scores for each of the biomarkers; 2) a composite z-score calculated using the standardized mean of individual biomarker z-scores; and 3) a principal component analysis (PCA) to identify biomarker factor(s). The quintile index and composite z-score were highly correlated (r=0.94, p< 0.0001). PCA identified two factors: TNFr1 and GDF-15 weighted heavily on Factor 1 and IL6 and CRP weighted heavily on Factor 2. The quintile index and composite z-score were correlated with PCA Factors 1 and 2 (r>0.61, p< 0.0001). Similar standardized beta coefficients were observed for the quintile index, composite z-score, and PCA Factor 1 with 4m and 400m gait speed (all p< 0.0001); every 1 SD higher biomarker index score was associated with ~0.25 SD slower gait speed. For expanded SPPB, higher standardized beta coefficients were observed for the quintile index and composite z-score (~-0.32) than PCA Factors 1 and 2 (~-0.24; all p< 0.0001). Weak associations between all indices and grip strength were observed (p≥0.05). Geroscience biomarker indices that capture inflammation and poor stress response appear to have similar associations with worse physical performance in older adults.
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Borthakur, Monalisha, and M. Gopal Singha. "Measuring Agricultural Sustainability of Jorhat District, Assam: Applying Composite Indicators Approach." Environment and Ecology 42, no. 4A (2024): 1699–710. http://dx.doi.org/10.60151/envec/eahr1611.
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The diverse geoecological setting of Jorhat district has it’s impact on the agricultural sector of the area. The purpose of the study is to assess the micro-geoecological zone-wise variation in the status of agricultural sustainability of the district. To analyze agricultural sustainability, a composite indicators approach has been adopted. 36 indicators have been selected covering economic, social, and environmental aspects of agricultural sustainability. The study covers 340 households from 24 villages in the district. The Agricultural Sustainability Index, based on selected indicators, shows that among the three geoecological zones, the Northern Floodplain Zone has the highest agricultural sustainability (index score 0.478) whereas, the Undulating Flood free Zone records the lowest agricultural sustainability (index score 0.418) in the district. The highest economic security (index score 0.539), social security (index score 0.456), and environmental sustainability (index score 0.440) of the Northern Floodplain Zone favor to maintain agricultural sustainability. The study tries to give a new insight into household and village-level agricultural sustainability measurement based on various site- specific indicators.
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Coates, Laura C., Josef S. Smolen, Philip J. Mease, et al. "Comparative performance of composite measures from two phase III clinical trials of ixekizumab in psoriatic arthritis." RMD Open 8, no. 2 (2022): e002457. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/rmdopen-2022-002457.
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Background/objectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate relative performance of composite measures in psoriatic arthritis and assess the impact of structural damage and functional disability on outcomes during ixekizumab treatment.MethodsData from SPIRIT-P1 and SPIRIT-P2 were analysed to evaluate the effect of ixekizumab on achievement of low disease activity (LDA) and remission with the minimal disease activity (MDA) and very low disease activity (VLDA) composite, Disease Activity index for Psoriatic Arthritis (DAPSA), Psoriatic Arthritis Disease Activity Score, GRAppa Composite ScorE and modified Composite Psoriatic Disease Activity Index (mCPDAI). Performance was compared by quantifying residual symptom burden and the impact of structural damage and functional disability.ResultsSignificantly more ixekizumab-treated patients achieved treatment targets at week 24 versus placebo assessed with all composites. More patients achieved targets assessed by mCPDAI and DAPSA than other composites. Residual disease activity was similar between composites, but residual high patient-reported outcomes (PROs) and functional disability were more frequent when assessed with mCPDAI and DAPSA. Achievement of treatment targets was reduced by high baseline levels of structural damage and functional disability.ConclusionResidual disease activity was similar in patients achieving treatment targets assessed with all composites, but residual high PROs and functional disability were more common when assessed with mCPDAI and DAPSA, most likely due to the absence/attenuated functional assessment in these composites. High baseline levels of structural damage and functional disability attenuated response rates with all composites, affecting MDA/VLDA most prominently; LDA may be the most appropriate target in these patients.Trial registration numberNCT01695239.
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Lerman, Michelle H., Benjamin Holmes, Daniel St Hilaire, et al. "Validation of a Mortality Composite Score in the Real-World Setting: Overcoming Source-Specific Disparities and Biases." JCO Clinical Cancer Informatics, no. 5 (April 2021): 401–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/cci.20.00143.
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PURPOSE This study tested whether a composite mortality score could overcome gaps and potential biases in individual real-world mortality data sources. Complete and accurate mortality data are necessary to calculate important outcomes in oncology, including overall survival. However, in the United States, there is not a single complete and broadly applicable mortality data source. It is further likely that available data sources are biased in their coverage of sex, race, age, and socioeconomic status (SES). METHODS Six individual real-world data sources were combined to develop a high-quality composite mortality score. The composite score was benchmarked against the gold standard for mortality data, the National Death Index. Subgroup analyses were then conducted to evaluate the completeness and accuracy by sex, race, age, and SES. RESULTS The composite mortality score achieved a sensitivity of 94.9% and specificity of 92.8% compared with the National Death Index, with concordance within 1 day of 98.6%. Although some individual data sources show significant coverage gaps related to sex, race, age, and SES, the composite score maintains high sensitivity (84.6%-96.1%) and specificity (77.9%-99.2%) across subgroups. CONCLUSION A composite score leveraging multiple scalable sources for mortality in the real-world setting maintained strong sensitivity, specificity, and concordance, including across sex, race, age, and SES subgroups.
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Žítek, Vladimír, and Viktorie Klímová. "The Competitiveness Index of Czech Regions." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 63, no. 2 (2015): 693–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201563020693.
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This paper deals with the competitiveness of regions and its possible measuring using composite indicators. Advantages of a composite index are that it summarizes more dimensions of competitiveness and the results can be comprehensibly interpreted for the public. The aims of this paper are to evaluate and compare the competitiveness of Czech regions based on the 3-Factor model. The evaluation is performed using a composite index which includes 14 partial indicators. These indicators are divided into three groups – input factors, output factors and outcome factors. Individual regions of the Czech Republic are thus first compared based on the factors and then based on the total score. The total score expresses the regional competitiveness in relation to the competitiveness of the Czech Republic as a whole. The main year evaluated is the year 2012. We also compared the results to the year 2008. The most competitive region is Prague (it does not do well in output factors only), but also the South Moravian, Central Bohemia and Pilsen regions are highly competitive. The least competitive regions are the Ústí, Karlovy Vary and Vysočina regions.
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Ionela, Lincă Florentina, and Matei Florentina Lavinia. "The neuropsychological profile of the child with hearing and vision impairment." Journal of Education, Society & Multiculturalism 6, no. 1 (2025): 26–43. https://doi.org/10.2478/jesm-2025-0003.
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Abstract This study presents the case of an 11-year-old child diagnosed with hearing impairment and visual impairment. The objective of the study is to establish the profile of cognitive and neuropsychological functioning, but also to establish the necessary intervention directions. ABAS™-II - Adaptive Behavior Assessment System™ - II, a behavioral assessment system focused on broad-band adaptability measurement, was used as a research method. At the international level, it is considered the standard in the complex assessment for awarding the degree of disability. ABAS™-II items indicate the inability or ability of any person between the ages of 0 and 89 to perform age-typical daily living behaviors. The study indicates the following results: according to the WISC IV (Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children), the level of cognitive development of the patient according to the indices is: verbal comprehension index - composite score 75, located at the 5th percentile; perceptive reasoning index - composite score 91, located at the 27th percentile; working memory index - composite score 91, located at the 27th percentile. Comparison of discrepancies at the level of subtest scores/procedural scores indicates significantly lower performance on the subtest Remembering numbers in direct order (attentional field/phonological loop) - standard score 6, compared with Memory of numbers in reverse order (the ability to temporarily retain in memory and manipulate information to obtain a result) - standard score 14; processing speed index - composite score 97, located at the 42nd percentile; QI =84, which indicates an average-lower level of cognitive functioning.
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Dougados, Maxime, Julien Lucas, Emilie Desfleurs, et al. "Impact of disease activity outcome measures reporting in the medical records of patients with axial spondyloarthritis on the retention rates of biological treatment: the example of secukinumab use in daily practice in France." RMD Open 8, no. 1 (2022): e002106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/rmdopen-2021-002106.
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ObjectivesTo estimate the frequency of reporting composite indices evaluating axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) disease activity in daily practice and to assess its impact on the secukinumab (SEC) retention rate.MethodsStudy design: Retrospective, multicentre. Data collected: (1) Recommended composite indices: Bath Ankylosing Spondyltitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI) +C reactive protein or Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score (ASDAS) at the time of initiation of SEC and at least once during the first year of follow-up; (2) Drug retention rate: percentage of patients still on SEC over time according to whether at least one recommended composite index had been optimally reported.ResultsA recommended composite index has been collected in 22% of the 906 enrolled axSpA patients. The percentage of patients still on treatment after 1, 2 and 3 years of follow-up was greater in those for whom at least one composite index had been optimally reported (respectively, 64% (57–71) vs 57% (54–61), 55% (48–62) vs 41% (38–45) and 52% (44–59) vs 38% (34–42), log rank test, p=0.016) with a lower risk of SEC discontinuation for these patients (HR: 0.70 (95% CI 0.5 to 0.88), Cox model, p=0.003).ConclusionThis study suggests that reporting of recommended composites indices for monitoring axSpA might be associated with higher retention rates of biological therapies.
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Rosenberg, Rebecca, John Ross, Karen Hardee, and Imelda Zosa-Feranil. "The National Composite Index for Family Planning (NCIFP): Results and Methodological Issues." Gates Open Research 6 (January 7, 2022): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/gatesopenres.13464.1.
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Background: The “ FP2020 Global Partnership” signaled a shift to broader, rights-based approaches to family planning programs, and the National Composite Index for Family Planning was developed as part of related measurement efforts. Methods: In each country 10-15 experts on the family planning program completed a 35-item questionnaire, first in 2014 in 89 countries, and in 2017 in 84 countries. Data were entered in Excel, with checks for consistency and data quality. The total score, and scores for each of 5 dimensions of effort are averages across the 35 indicators. Analytic techniques included cross-tabulations, graphical and correlation approaches. Results: The average total score for all countries in 2017 was 64 of the maximum of 100 of effort. Sub-regions differed: Anglophone and Francophone sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) scored highest in the total score and across all 5 dimensions. Next in order came Latin America and the Caribbean, Asia, the Middle East and North Africa, and Eastern Europe and Central Asia. Despite large differences in scores, the sub-regions followed similar profiles across the 35 indicators. The long term rise in the basic family planning effort scores continued, extending the series from surveys approximately every five years beginning in the 1980s. The highest score reached was for the strategy dimension, but the others were close. Their relative levels remained essentially the same as in the 2014 survey. NCIFP scores correlated positively with modern contraceptive use in both the sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and non-sub-Saharan Africa (non-SSA) countries, but the relationships were stronger for SSA. Access to long-acting and permanent methods (LAPMs) was accompanied by greater LAPM use and modern method use. Conclusion: Repeated surveys in most developing countries show improvements in family planning effort, though unevenly, by 35 indicators and across regions.
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Khiawwan, Supattra, and Theerasuk Kawamatawong. "Correlation of Composite Indices and COPD Assessment Test in Thai COPD Patients." Ramathibodi Medical Journal 44, no. 3 (2021): 29–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.33165/rmj.2021.44.3.242498.
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Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common preventable and treatable chronic respiratory diseases. The BODE, ADO, DOSE are the composite indices taking into consideration for prognostication. In addition, COPD assessment test (CAT) score is associated with quality of life, taken for assessing symptoms severity and for personalizing treatments.
 Objective: To investigate the CAT score in Thai COPD patients according to their BODE, ADO, and DOSE in the influence of clinical parameters and outcomes.
 Methods: Medical records were reviewed between January 2016 and December 2016. BODE, ADO and DOSE was calculated based on their individual components.
 Results: Total 125 consecutive COPD patients were recruited. There was difference between CAT score among the GOLD stages classified (P = .02). There was significant difference of CAT between 4 BODE quartiles in cohort (P = .001).Thai COPD patients had the higher ADO index exhibit the higher CAT score than those with the lower ADO index (P = .001). There was no difference in CAT score between COPD with the higher and the lower DOSE index (P = .05).
 Conclusions: The higher CAT score found in Thai COPD patients with the higher composite indices of BODE and ADO. However, there was no difference in the DOSE index.
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Ali, Muhammad, Dost Muhammad Khan, Muhammad Aamir, Amjad Ali, and Zubair Ahmad. "Predicting the Direction Movement of Financial Time Series Using Artificial Neural Network and Support Vector Machine." Complexity 2021 (December 2, 2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/2906463.
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Prediction of financial time series such as stock and stock indexes has remained the main focus of researchers because of its composite nature and instability in almost all of the developing and advanced countries. The main objective of this research work is to predict the direction movement of the daily stock prices index using the artificial neural network (ANN) and support vector machine (SVM). The datasets utilized in this study are the KSE-100 index of the Pakistan stock exchange, Korea composite stock price index (KOSPI), Nikkei 225 index of the Tokyo stock exchange, and Shenzhen stock exchange (SZSE) composite index for the last ten years that is from 2011 to 2020. To build the architect of a single layer ANN and SVM model with linear, radial basis function (RBF), and polynomial kernels, different technical indicators derived from the daily stock trading, such as closing, opening, daily high, and daily low prices and used as input layers. Since both the ANN and SVM models were used as classifiers; therefore, accuracy and F-score were used as performance metrics calculated from the confusion matrix. It can be concluded from the results that ANN performs better than SVM model in terms of accuracy and F-score to predict the direction movement of the KSE-100 index, KOSPI index, Nikkei 225 index, and SZSE composite index daily closing price movement.
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Jongen, P. JH, S. Floris, W. H. Doesburg, W. AJG Lemmens, O. R. Hommes, and K. JB Lamers. "Composite cerebrospinal fluid score in relapsing-remitting and secondary progressive multiple sclerosis." Multiple Sclerosis Journal 4, no. 3 (1998): 108–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/135245859800400303.
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We investigated whether cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis may differentiate between relapsing-remitting (RR) and secondary progressive (SP) multiple sclerosis (MS). In 17 RR and 16 SP patients we determined: albumine CSF/PB ratio; mononuclear cell (MNC) number, CD4+, CD8+, and B1+ subsets, CD4+/CD8+ ratio; IgG, IgG index, IgM, IgM index, complement components C3 and C4, and C3 and C4 indexes; myelin basic protein; neuron-specific enolase (NSE); S100; and lactate. For each parameter the statistical distance was calculated. Then, using linear discriminant analysis, we computed a discriminant score, including only variables with a P value less than or equal to 0.15: albumin CSF/PB ratio, MNC number, IgM, IgM index, C3, C4, NSE, S100, and lactate. The discriminant score allocated all 17 RR patients to the RR group and 15 of 16 SP patients to the SP group. We conclude that RR and SP MS patients differ with respect to CSF profile and that in individual patients a composite CSF score may differentiate between RR and SP MS.
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Buiret, G., A. Guillemaud, M. Fieux, S. Zaouche, and JC Lifante. "Assessment of Voice Changes of Patients after Thyroidectomy Without Inferior and Superior Laryngeal Nerves Injury According to the Intraoperative Neuromonitoring." Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology 3, no. 2 (2021): 01–08. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2692-9562/025.
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Objectives: to assess voice changes of patients after thyroidectomy without inferior and superior laryngeal nerves injury according to the intraoperative neuromonitoring. Material and methods: This monocentric study included all patients who underwent thyroidectomy with laryngeal nerves neuromonitoring between September, 2018 and December, 2019. The voice assessment was performed 1 month before and 3 months after surgery. It was both subjective (with Voice Handicap Index 10 and GRBAS scale) and objective (Dysphonia Severity Index). Voice was considered impaired if there was an increase ≥ 4 points of the Voice Handicap Index 10 score or ≥ 1 point of the GRBAS scale score or a decrease ≥ 2 points of the Dysphonia Severity Index score between the two vocal assessments. A composite score was created, combining both subjective and objective scores. Predictive factors of altered voice were seek. Results: Fifty-nine patients were analyzed. Mean Voice Handicap Index 10 varied from 3.39 ± 5.40 to 2.90 ± 5.29 (p = 0.62) before and after the surgery respectively, mean GRBAS from 0.64 ± 0.76 to 0.73 ± 0.85 (p = 0.57) and mean Dysphonia Severity Index from 8.47 ± 1.15 to 8.31 ± 1.03 (p = 0.42). Voice impairment composite score identified 14 patients with an impaired voice (23.7%). Age ≥65 years, preoperative Voice Handicap Index 10 score ≥ 3 and thyroidectomy past history were independent risk factors of voice impairment. Conclusions: the voice quality 3 months after thyroidectomy was not significantly subjectively and objectively changed compared to before thyroidectomy. When grouping voice impairment scores, age ≥65 years, preoperative Voice Handicap Index 10 score ≥ 3 and thyroidectomy past history were independent risk factors of voice impairment.
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Onesti, Gianni, Eleonora Monaco, and Riccardo Palumbo. "Assessing the Italian Innovative Start-Ups Performance with a Composite Index." Administrative Sciences 12, no. 4 (2022): 189. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/admsci12040189.
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This paper aims to assess the profitability and employees’ productivity of Italian innovative start-ups with a new composite index: the Start-ups Performance score (SP-score). In recent years, the Italian government has made several efforts to foster the economy, establishment, and growth of start-ups. Specifically, the issuing of the Italian Start-up Act in 2012 offers a unique opportunity to examine the Italian setting, given the special conditions that the government granted to the start-ups. The latter obtain generic benefits, tax reductions and hiring facilitations if they meet specific criteria granting the status (label) of “innovative” by law. Based on a sample of Italian start-ups firms (ISPs) and financial statement data for the period 2016–2020, we test whether the performance of the Italian start-ups which are granted the status of “innovative” is higher compared to start-ups without the mentioned status (NISPs). We measure the firm’s performance by building a composite index which synthesizes both profitability and employees’ productivity (controlling for the firms’ size), and find that the ISPs report higher SP-score compared to the NISPs. In addition, we examine whether the SP-score is higher (or lower) among Innovative start-ups located in different regional areas. The derivation of the composite indicator (SP-score) allows a clear and effective evaluation of several characteristics, permitting a more comprehensive understanding of the data that support the strategic choices of management and localization entrepreneurship policies. In addition, our study highlights a certain homogeneity of innovative start-ups’ performance among the Italian territories, which overcomes the classic dualistic division between Northern and Southern regions.
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Grapsa, Ismini, Eirini Mamalaki, Eva Ntanasi, et al. "Longitudinal Examination of Body Mass Index and Cognitive Function in Older Adults: The HELIAD Study." Nutrients 15, no. 7 (2023): 1795. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15071795.
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Given the increase in the aging population and thus in the prevalence of dementia, the identification of protective factors against cognitive decline is necessary. In a cohort of 1076 non-demented adults ≥ 65 years old (59.7% women) from the HELIAD study, we assessed whether changes in body mass index (BMI) were associated with changes in cognition over a 3-year follow-up period separately for those ≤ 75 and >75 years old. We identified six BMI trajectory groups based on participants’ BMI status at baseline and at the first follow-up visit; normal to normal BMI was the reference group. Major cognitive domains were evaluated, and a composite index reflecting global cognition was calculated. In participants aged ≤75 years, weight loss—moving from obesity to overweight or normal BMI—was associated with less decline in the memory composite score over time (β = 0.141; p = 0.035), while 3-year maintenance of a BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 was related to greater reduction in the visuospatial composite score over time (β = −0.093; p = 0.020). Regarding participants aged >75 years, 3-year maintenance of a BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 contributed to a slower rate of decline in the memory composite score over time (β = 0.102; p = 0.042), whereas weight loss—from overweight to normal BMI—was associated with a decreased attention/processing speed composite score longitudinally (β = −0.275; p = 0.043). Our findings indicated that the association between changes in BMI and cognitive functioning was modified by age. Weight management may have the potential to delay cognitive decline in older adults.
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Sinlae, Alfry Aristo Jansen, Jamaludin Jamaludin, Nurhasan Nugroho, and Muliati Badaruddin. "Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Pemilihan Aplikasi Jasa Angkut Barang Menggunakan PIPRECIA-S dan Composite Performance Index." Building of Informatics, Technology and Science (BITS) 6, no. 3 (2024): 2043–53. https://doi.org/10.47065/bits.v6i3.5698.
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Freight service applications play a crucial role in supporting logistics efficiency and goods mobility. However, with the multitude of available applications, users often face difficulties in determining which application best suits their needs. The manual process of selecting these applications requires users to search and compare information from various sources, which demands considerable time and effort and is prone to subjectivity. This study aims to develop a Decision Support System (DSS) that is quick and accurate in determining the best freight service application using the Simplified Pivot Pairwise Relative Criteria Importance Assessment (PIPRECIA-S) method and the Composite Performance Index (CPI). The PIPRECIA-S method is used to objectively and systematically determine the criteria weights, while the CPI method is employed to identify the best alternative by integrating various performance aspects into a single, easily understood composite measure. In the conducted case study, the best alternative identified was Lalamove (A2), with a composite index score of 122.55, followed by Deliveree (A3) with a score of 114.39, Lion Parcel (A1) with a score of 109.24, GoBox (A4) with a score of 102.04, and The Lorry (A5) with a score of 99.04. The DSS calculations were consistent with the manual calculations, demonstrating its validity and reliability. Usability testing showed an average score of 90%, indicating that the developed DSS possesses the necessary functionality with an intuitive and user-friendly interface.
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Jurado-Román, Alfonso, Pilar Agudo-Quílez, Belén Rubio-Alonso, et al. "Superiority of wall motion score index over left ventricle ejection fraction in predicting cardiovascular events after an acute myocardial infarction." European Heart Journal: Acute Cardiovascular Care 8, no. 1 (2016): 78–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2048872616674464.
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Background: There are few data on the prognostic significance of the wall motion score index compared with left ventricle ejection fraction after an acute myocardial infarction. Our objective was to compare them after the hyperacute phase. Methods: Transthoracic echocardiograms were performed in 352 consecutive patients with myocardial infarction, after the first 48 hours of admission and before hospital discharge (median 56.3 hours (48.2–83.1)). We evaluated the ability of the wall motion score index and left ventricular ejection fraction to predict the combined endpoint (mortality and rehospitalization for heart failure) as a primary objective and the independent events of the combined endpoint as a secondary objective. Results: In 80.7% of patients, the wall motion score index was high despite having an ejection fraction >40%. No patient had an ejection fraction <55% with a normal index. After a follow-up of 30.5 months (24.2–49.5), both variables were predictors of the composite endpoint and all-cause mortality ( p<0.0001), although only the wall motion score index was a predictor of readmission for heart failure ( p=0.007). By multivariate analysis, a wall motion score index >1.8 proved to be the most powerful predictor of the composite endpoint (hazard ratio: 8.5; 95% confidence interval 3.7–18.8; p<0.0001). The superiority of the wall motion score index over ejection fraction was especially significant in patients with less myocardial damage (non-ST elevation myocardial infarction, or left ventricle ejection fraction >40%). Conclusions: Both variables provide important prognostic information after a myocardial infarction. Beyond the hyperacute phase, wall motion score index is a more powerful prognostic predictor, especially in subgroups with less myocardial damage.
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Klotsche, J., I. Foeldvari, K. Torok, et al. "POS0141 APPLICATION OF CRISS SCORE, REVISED CRISS SCORE AND RCID SCORE IN PATIENTS WITH JUVENILE SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 82, Suppl 1 (2023): 290.1–291. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2023-eular.1489.
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BackgroundJuvenile systemic sclerosis (jSSc) is a rare disease in childhood. To date, no composite response index exists to assess treatment effect in jSSc patients. ACR CRISS score (probability of improvement ranging from 0 to 1 based on mRSS, FVC%, PtGA, MDGA and HAQ-DI) and revised ACR CRISS (rCRISS, proportion of patients who improve in ≥ 3/5 ACR CRISS core items by a certain percentage, e.g. 30%, except 5% for FVC) were developed by experts in the field as outcome measures in adult patients with SSc. In addition, the Ranked Composite Important Difference (RCID) score was recently introduced as anchor to the ACR CRISS.ObjectivesWe aimed to study the applicability and performance of the ACR CRISS, rCRISS and RCID in a prospectively followed cohort of patients with diffuse cutaneous jSSc.MethodsData from the international jSSc inceptions cohort were used for this analysis. The ACR CRISS, rCRISS and RCID were calculated between baseline and 12-months follow-up according to the scoring algorithms. Missing values in the core items were estimated by multiple imputation by chained equations. Here we aimed to determine the value of the response measures to detect clinically change defined by the anchor questions about change (much better or little better versus almost the same, little worse or much worse) in patients overall health due to scleroderma since the last visit provided by the treating physicians and parents or patients (aged > 12 years).ResultsWe included 95 jSSc patients with diffuse cutaneous subtype with available baseline and 12-months visit. Seventy-nine percent were female, the mean age at enrollment was 13.0 (3.8) and the mean disease duration was 3.1 (2.8) years. Among 95 patients, 57% were treated with steroids, 47% with methotrexate, 27% with MMF and 3% with a biological at baseline. ACR CRISS showed a ceiling effect (>.998) in 51% and a floor effect (<0.005) in 26% of patients. Patients who reported at least moderate improvement had a median ACR CRISS of 0.99 and in mean 2.6 (1.3) core items that improved by ≥20% from baseline to 12-months follow-up. The rCRISS 20/30/50 responses were 59%/49%/33% in patients who reported improvement (table 1) and 25%/25%/8% in patients with worsening. The RCID was approximately normal distributed (mean 20.7, SD 43.4). Mean (SD) RCID for patients who reported worsening was -10.5 (38.6) vs RCID of 20.7 (45.2) for patients who reported improvement. RCID scores for physician reported anchors of worsening or improvement were 6.5 (44.2) and 18 (45.4), respectively. The concordance between a positive RCID score and rCRISS 20/30 was moderate (rCRISS 20 and RCID, 43%, kappa=0.43; rCRISS 30 and RCID, 38%, kappa=0.36).Table 1.ACR CRISS, rCRISS and RCID score by patients and physicians ratings about scleroderma disease courseWorsening/ no improvement reported by patients(n=12)Improvement reported by patients(n=49)P valueWorsening/ no improvement reported by physicians(n=14)Improvement reported by physicians(n=50)P valueMedian ACR CRISS score (IQR)0.0 (0 to 0.75)0.99 (0 to 1.0)0.0070.35 (0 to 0.99)0.99 (0 to 1.0)0.037rCRISS response 20%3(25%)29 (59%)0.0345 (36%)29 (58%)0.140rCRISS response 30%3 (25%)24 (49%)0.1342 (14%)27 (54%)0.008rCRISS response 50%1 (8%)16 (33%)0.0920 (0%)18 (36%)0.008Mean RCID score (SD)-10.5 (38.6)20.7 (45.2)0.0316.5 (44.2)18 (45.4)0.411CRISS = Composite Response Index in Systemic Sclerosis; RCID=Ranked Compsoite Important Difference; rCRISS = revised Composite Response Index in Systemic Sclerosis; SD = standard deviationConclusionOur data confirmed the presence of a ceiling and floor effect of ACR CRISS as shown in studies of adult SSc patients. The CRISS, rCRISS and RCID response distinguished between patients who rated their disease course since last visit as worsened or improved. Future studies should focus on the determination of specific pediatric weights for the CRISS and RCID components rather than extrapolation from adult SSc. In general, the RCID offers a meaningful tool in order to determine response to therapy in future clinical trials in jSSc patients.REFERENCES:NIL.Acknowledgements:NIL.Disclosure of InterestsNone Declared.
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Wang, Ke, Michelle Nguyen, Yan Chen, et al. "Association of Tubular Solute Clearance with Symptom Burden in Incident Peritoneal Dialysis." Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology 15, no. 4 (2020): 530–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2215/cjn.11120919.
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Background and objectivesResidual kidney function is important to the health and wellbeing of patients with ESKD. We tested whether the kidney clearances of proximal tubular secretory solutes are associated with burden of uremic and heart failure symptoms among patients on peritoneal dialysis with residual kidney function.Design, setting, participants, & measurementsWe enrolled 29 patients on incident peritoneal dialysis with residual urine output >250 ml daily. We used targeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to quantify plasma, 24-hour urine, and peritoneal dialysate concentrations of ten tubular secretory solutes. We calculated the kidney and peritoneal dialysis clearances of each secretory solute, creatinine, and urea, and we estimated a composite kidney and peritoneal secretion score. We assessed for uremic symptoms using the Dialysis Symptom Index and heart failure–related symptoms using the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire. We used linear regression to determine associations of composite secretory solute clearances and GFRurea+Cr with Dialysis Symptom Index symptom score and Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire summary score.ResultsMean residual kidney clearances of creatinine and urea were 8±5 and 9±6 ml/min per 1.73 m2, respectively, and mean GFRurea+Cr was 8±5 ml/min per 1.73 m2. The residual kidney clearances of most secretory solutes were considerably higher than creatinine and urea clearance, and also, they were higher than their respective peritoneal dialysis clearances. After adjustments for age and sex, each SD higher composite kidney secretion score was associated with an 11-point lower Dialysis Symptom Index score (95% confidence interval, −20 to −1; P=0.03) and a 12-point higher Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire score (95% confidence interval, 0.5- to 23-point higher score; P=0.04). Composite peritoneal dialysis secretion score was not associated with either symptom assessment.ConclusionsResidual kidney clearances of secretory solutes are higher than peritoneal dialysis clearances. Kidney clearances of secretory solutes are associated with patient-reported uremic and heart failure–related symptoms.
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Ceccarelli, F., C. Perricone, E. Cipriano, et al. "Usefulness of composite indices in the assessment of joint involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus patients: correlation with ultrasonographic score." Lupus 28, no. 3 (2019): 383–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0961203319828527.
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Specific indices are not available to evaluate systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) joint involvement; indeed, the application of indices validated for rheumatoid arthritis has been suggested. We evaluated the usefulness of organ specific composite indices, i.e. the Disease Activity Score on 28 joints (DAS28), Simplified Disease Activity Index (SDAI), Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI), and the ratio of swollen to tender joints (STR), to assess SLE joint activity by analyzing the correlation between these indices and ultrasonography (US) inflammatory status. We evaluated SLE patients with arthralgia and/or arthritis: the above-mentioned indices were calculated and the SLE Disease Activity Index 2000 (SLEDAI-2k) was applied to assess global disease activity. US of I–V metacarpophalangeal, I–V proximal interphalangeal, wrist, and knee bilateral was performed. Synovial effusion/hypertrophy and power Doppler findings were scored according to a semi-quantitative scale (0–3) to obtain an inflammatory total score (0–216). One hundred and six patients (M/F 7/99, median age 49.5 years (IQR 17.0), median disease duration 8.5 years (IQR 17.0)) were enrolled. We identified a positive correlation between US score and DAS28-CRP ( r = 0.3, p = 0.007), STR ( r = 0.42, p = 0.0005), SDAI ( r = 0.33, p = 0.02), CDAI ( r = 0.29, p = 0.03); US score reflected different levels of clinimetric joint activity. In conclusion, we suggest the ability of composite indices in detecting SLE joint inflammation and their possible real-life use.
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Kim, Young Do, Marshall J. Magnusen, Yukyoum Kim, and Minjung Kim. "Developing a sport fan equity index." International Journal of Sports Marketing and Sponsorship 21, no. 2 (2020): 247–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijsms-02-2019-0022.
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PurposeThe primary purpose of this study was to generate a composite sport fan equity index (SFEI) for use in estimating the asset value of an individual fan to a sport organization. The index was developed by applying a simple additive weighting (SAW) method.Design/methodology/approachA cross-sectional survey-based research was carried out to validate key components of sport fan equity (SFE) and formulate the SFEI on the basis of the NCAA Division I collegiate sport context. These objectives were satisfied through a twofold process involving first-order confirmatory factor analysis intended to assess the validity of SFE measurement scales and SAW designed to produce the composite SFEI.FindingsThe developed index indicated that the average SFE of focal sport fans of Division I collegiate sport was 54.8 and that the overall SFE of such contributors ranged from 20.4 (the lowest score) to 94.6 (the highest score). The SFEI serves as a single, summary score and an essential gauge for sport marketers to use when assessing profitable fans and tracking/comparing them over time.Originality/valueThis research contributes to the sport marketing literature through its application of SAW in an initial effort to produce an easily understandable index that determines the asset value of sport fans and serves as an imperative criterion for overall sport team valuation from the sport consumer side. Specifically, the SFEI can function as a standard numeric measure that enables sport marketers to identify fans from whom sport organizations can generate considerable profits, segment these devotees systematically, and tailor marketing strategies to each fan base.
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Tomata, Yasutake, Nitin Shivappa, Shu Zhang, et al. "Dietary Inflammatory Index and Disability-Free Survival in Community-Dwelling Older Adults." Nutrients 10, no. 12 (2018): 1896. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu10121896.
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Background: Previous studies have reported that a higher dietary inflammatory index (DII®) score is related to a higher risk of mortality and conditions that result in functional disability, such as cardiovascular disease, dementia, and fractures. Although these findings suggest that higher DII scores would affect disability-free survival, this has never been investigated directly. The present study investigated the association between the DII score and disability-free survival. Methods: We analyzed follow-up data covering a 12-year period for 793 older adults (≥70 years) participating in a Japanese community-based cohort study. DII scores were computed on the basis of dietary intake and assessed using the Brief Self-Administered Diet History Questionnaire. Data on incident functional disability were retrieved from the public Long-Term Care Insurance database. We applied the Cox model for estimating the adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) of the composite outcome (incident functional disability or death) according to DII score tertiles (T1–T3). Results: The proportion of men was 47.3%; mean (SD) age was 75.2 (4.5) years. The 12-year incidence of the composite outcome was 65.5%. A higher DII score was related to a higher risk for the composite outcome: HRs (95% confidence interval) were 1.05 (0.84, 1.32) for T2 and 1.26 (1.01, 1.57) for T3 (p-trend = 0.040) compared to the most anti-inflammatory T1 reference (HR = 1.00). Conclusions: These results suggest that a pro-inflammatory diet might be a modifiable factor affecting disability-free survival in the older population. Additional prospective studies are needed to confirm this relationship.
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Shivalinga, BM, S. Pradeep, Ravi Shanthraj, and H. Jyothi Kiran. "Comparative Evaluation of the Shear Bond Strength and Debonding Properties of a Conventional Composite and Flowable Composites used for Orthodontic Bracket Bonding." World Journal of Dentistry 4, no. 1 (2013): 6–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1195.
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ABSTRACT Aim To evaluate and compare shear bond strength (SBS) and debonding characters of the Transbond XT (BisGMA-based composite), Esthet-X flow (flowable composite), Filtek Z-350 (flowable composite). Materials and methods A total of 90 human premolars were divided into group I, Transbond XT (n = 30); group II, Esthet-X flow (n = 30) and group III, Filtek Z-350 (n = 30), the preadjusted edgewise stainless steel premolar brackets were bonded to evaluate the shear bond and debonding properties. Results The results of the statistical analysis comparing the three groups indicated no statistically significant differences between the groups. In general, the SBS with groups I and III exhibited similar bond strength with 11.58 ± 1.3 MPa and 11.07 ± 1.0 MPa respectively. Groups III exhibited least bond strength of 10.7 ± 2 MPa. In modified adhesive remnant index (ARI) the majority of bond failures occurred at enamel-adhesive interface or cohesive type failure in all the three groups. Groups II and III showed increased frequency of score 2, 4 and 5 compared to group I which showed increased frequency of score 0 and 1. Conclusion When considering the SBS and ARI scores obtained, flowable composites can be effectively applied to orthodontic bracket bonding. How to cite this article Pradeep S, Shanthraj R, Kiran HJ, Shivalinga BM. Comparative Evaluation of the Shear Bond Strength and Debonding Properties of a Conventional Composite and Flowable Composites used for Orthodontic Bracket Bonding. World J Dent 2013;4(1):6-16.
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Rustam, Zuherman, Nurrimah, and Rahmat Hidayat. "Indonesia Composite Index Prediction using Fuzzy Support Vector Regression with Fisher Score Feature Selection." International Journal on Advanced Science, Engineering and Information Technology 9, no. 1 (2019): 121. http://dx.doi.org/10.18517/ijaseit.9.1.8209.
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Wheat, Jeffery C., Ryan C. Hedgepeth, Chang He, LingLing Zhang, and David P. Wood. "Clinical Interpretation of the Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite-Short Form Sexual Summary Score." Journal of Urology 182, no. 6 (2009): 2844–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2009.08.088.
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Sawada, Susumu S., I.-Min Lee, Hisashi Naito, Koji Tsukamoto, Takashi Muto, and Steven N. Blair. "Muscular and Performance Fitness and the Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes: Prospective Study of Japanese Men." Journal of Physical Activity and Health 7, no. 5 (2010): 627–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jpah.7.5.627.
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Background:Limited data are available on the relationship between muscular and performance fitness (MPF) and the incidence of type 2 diabetes.Methods:A cohort of 3792 Japanese men completed a medical examination that included MPF and cardiorespiratory fitness tests. MPF index composite score was calculated using Z-scores from vertical jump, sit-ups, side step, and functional reach tests.Results:The mean follow-up period was 187 months (15.6 years). There were 240 patients who developed type 2 diabetes during follow-up. Relative risks and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for incidence of diabetes across baseline quartiles of MPF index composite score were obtained using the Cox proportional hazards model while adjusting for age, BMI, diastolic blood pressure, cigarette smoking, alcohol intake, and family history of diabetes. The relative risks for developing diabetes across quartiles of MPF index composite scores (lowest to highest) were 1.0 (referent), 1.15 (95% CI 0.83−1.60), 1.10 (0.78−1.55), and 0.57 (0.37−0.90) (P for trend = .061). These results were attenuated after adjustment for cardiorespiratory fitness (P for trend = .125).Conclusions:This prospective study suggests that MPF is a predictor of type 2 diabetes, although its predictive ability was attenuated after adjusting for cardiorespiratory fitness.
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Bosch, Philipp, Rusmir Husic, Anja Ficjan, et al. "Evaluating current definitions of low disease activity in psoriatic arthritis using ultrasound." Rheumatology 58, no. 12 (2019): 2212–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rheumatology/kez237.
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Abstract Objective To evaluate low disease activity (LDA) cut-offs in psoriatic arthritis (PsA) using ultrasound. Methods Eighty-three PsA patients underwent clinical and ultrasound examinations at two visits. LDA was assessed using the Disease Activity index for Psoriatic Arthritis (DAPSA ⩽ 14), the Psoriatic ArthritiS Disease Activity Score (PASDAS ⩽ 3.2), the Composite Psoriatic Disease Activity Index ⩽ 4, the DAS28-CRP ⩽ 2.8 and the minimal disease activity criteria. Ultrasound was performed at 68 joints and 14 entheses. Minimal ultrasound disease activity (MUDA-j/e) was defined as a Power Doppler score ⩽ 1, respectively at joints, paratendinous tissue, tendons and entheses. A global ultrasound score was calculated by summing Grey Scale and Power Doppler information (GUIS-j/e). Results LDA was present in 33.7–65.0% at baseline and in 44.3–80.6% at follow-up, depending on the criteria used. MUDA-j/e was observed in 16.9% at baseline and in 30% at follow-up. GUIS-j/e was significantly higher in patients with moderate/high disease activity vs LDA according to DAPSA and PASDAS at baseline and DAPSA, PASDAS, Composite Psoriatic Disease Activity Index and minimal disease activity at follow-up. Patients in moderate/high disease activity had MUDA-j/e in 8.1–21.4% at baseline and in 8.3–20.0% at follow-up, depending on the applied clinical composite. MUDA-j/e patients with moderate/high disease activity had higher levels of pain and pain-related items than those with LDA. Conclusion The LDA cut-offs of DAPSA, PASDAS, Composite Psoriatic Disease Activity Index, minimal disease activity, but not DAS28-CRP are capable of distinguishing between high and low ultrasound activity. Pain and pain-related items are the main reason why PsA patients without signs of ultrasound inflammation are classified with higher disease activity.
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Salaffi, Fausto, Alessandro Ciapetti, Marina Carotti, Stefania Gasparini, and Marwin Gutierrez. "Disease Activity in Psoriatic Arthritis: Comparison of the Discriminative Capacity and Construct Validity of Six Composite Indices in a Real World." BioMed Research International 2014 (2014): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/528105.
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Objective. To compare, “in a real world,” the performance of the most common composite activity indices in a cohort of PsA patients.Methods. A total of 171 PsA patients were involved. The following variables were evaluated: peripheral joint assessment, patient reported of pain, physician and patient assessments of disease activity, patient general health status, dactylitis digit count, Leeds Enthesitis Index, Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ), physical and mental component summary score of the Medical Outcome Survey (SF-36), Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI), Dermatology Life Quality Index, C-reactive protein (CRP), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). To measure the disease activity, the Disease Activity Score (DAS28-ESR and DAS28-CRP), Simple Disease Activity Index (SDAI), Composite Psoriatic Disease Activity Index (CPDAI), disease activity in psoriatic arthritis (DAPSA), and Psoriatic Arthritis Disease Activity Score (PASDAS) have been calculated. The criteria for minimal disease activity (MDA) and remission were applied as external criterion.Results. The ROC were similar in all the composite measures. Only the CPDAI showed less discriminative ability. There was a high degree of correlation between all the indices (P<0.0001). The highest correlations were between DAPSA and SDAI (rho = 0.996) and between DAPSA and DAS28-CRP (rho = 0.957). CPDAI, DAPSA, and PASDAS had the most stringent definitions of remission and MDA category. DAS28-ESR and DAS28-CRP had the highest proportions in remission and MDA.Conclusions. Although a good concurrent validity and discriminant capacity of six disease activity indices were observed, the proportions of patients classified in the disease activity levels differed. In particular, the rate of patients in remission was clearly different among the respective indices.
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Chakravarty, Suvojit Lahiri. "Monetary Policy Transmission in Financial Markets: The Case of India." Journal of Business Thought 12 (December 15, 2021): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.18311/jbt/2021/27718.
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<p>The paper looks into the monetary policy transmission across different segments of the financial market in India from May 2011 to March 2018. It studies the effect of two instruments ie, policy rate and a composite index ( score) comprising of quantity instruments and policy rates on the money market, govt. securities market, foreign exchange market and the stock market using VAR analysis. The results show that monetary transmission is fairly quick in the money market and other interest rates of short maturity compared to interest rates of longer maturities. The impact on interest rates is an appreciation for the policy rate but a depreciation followed by an appreciation for the composite index. Lastly the effect of policy rate and composite index on the sensex is negative.</p>
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Pasunuri, Amaraveni, and Susruth Mulukalapally. "Performance of Public Sector Banks in India - A Principal Component Analysis." RESEARCH REVIEW International Journal of Multidisciplinary 4, no. 2 (2019): 383–86. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2576212.
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The cynosure of this study is performance of 26 public sector banks functioning in India. The study applied principal component analysis to measure the performance of public banks during the period 2013-2017. The study used Principal Component Analysis to develop a composite index score method for each individual bank by using seven variables representing soundness, productivity and profitability and then ranked the banks based upon index score obtained in relation to other banks. The study found that syndicate bank (2013 & 2014), SBH (2015), State bank of Bikaner& Jaipur (2016) and Vijaya bank (2017) achieved top performance for the period 2013-17. The results of the study provides insights on the performance of Indian banks. In order to maintain long term growth, the banks should focus on Customer centricity, Regulatory recalibration, Technology management, Mitigating cyber risk, Fintechs and big techs, and Reimagining the workforce.
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Bhat, Sreevidya, and Meghashyam Bhat. "Index of Caries Experience – A Composite System for Recording Dental Caries." Indian Journal of Dental Research 35, no. 1 (2024): 49–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_492_22.
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Abstract Introduction: Measurement of dental caries is imperative for its prevention and control. The present study was conducted with the aim of developing a dental caries index that is reliable, reversible, and valid. A cross-sectional study was designed and conducted at the outreach dental clinics of a dental school in India. Methods and Material: A total of 219 patients visiting outreach centres participated in the study. Patients attending outreach dental clinics aged 15 years and above, who were dentate and affected by dental caries, were included. Clinical examination was done under clinical conditions with dental chair lighting. Decayed Missing and Filled Teeth (DMFT) and Index of Caries Experience (ICE) were recorded using the visuo-tactile method according to the index criteria. Results: The relationship between the DMFT and ICE was determined. Results showed that the DMFT from ICE had good correlation. The decayed teeth index (DTI) score varied from decayed teeth (DT) according to age and sex. DTI was significantly higher for females than for males and higher among younger age groups than older ones, but DT did not exhibit the differences. Conclusions: ICE is a new system in which the proviso is to measure the non-cavitated lesions and health of permanent dentition. DMFT and ICE have good correlation. DTI is more sensitive than the DT score.
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Doke, Prakash Prabhakarrao, Minal Naravane, and Aruna Deshpande. "Developing Block Wise Composite Health Index in Yavatmal District, Maharashtra State, India: An Analysis of Available Data." Indian Journal of Community Health 30, no. 3 (2018): 258–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.47203/ijch.2018.v30i03.013.
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Introduction: Numerous health indicators from different domains and comprehensive systems for describing health of community at state or district level are in vogue. Some sub-district information is also available from Health Management Information System but the numbers of indicators are many. Here composite health index of sub-district level is calculated similar to documented procedure. Objective: To develop block wise composite health index in an average district, Yavatmal district using available data. Methods: We grouped health indicators in following four categories; health outcomes, health system, other determinants and utilization of services. From these categories we selected four, three, two and one indicator respectively. Almost all the information is collected from already available data. There are 16 blocks in Yavatmal district. Block wise information of all indicators was first compiled. The block having best value was given 100 marks and remaining blocks were given proportionately less marks. The block wise total marks were calculated. The total score was converted into index by dividing by 1,000. Results: The composite health index ranged from 0.369 to 0.794. The median was 0.425 and interquartile range was 0.126. Out of ten, nine health indicators had normal distribution. We observed positive correlation between urbanization and composite health index. The Yavatmal block obtained highest composite index 0.794 and was an outlier. Principal component analysis extracted four components which contributed 82.06% to total variance. Conclusion: Using only ten indicators and simple method blocks composite health index can be developed which may be used to compare blocks or even districts.
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Helliwell, Philip S., William Tillett, Robin Waxman, et al. "Evaluation and Validation of a Patient-completed Psoriatic Arthritis Flare Questionnaire." Journal of Rheumatology 48, no. 8 (2021): 1268–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3899/jrheum.201317.
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ObjectiveEvaluation of a psoriatic arthritis (PsA), multidimensional, patient-completed disease flare questionnaire (FLARE).MethodsThe FLARE questionnaire was administered to 139 patients in a prospective observational study. The “gold standard” of flare was based on patient opinion. Test-retest reliability was evaluated by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Disease activity was measured by the Psoriatic Arthritis Disease Activity Score (PASDAS), Group for Research and Assessment of Psoriasis and PsA (GRAPPA) Composite Exercise (GRACE), Composite Psoriatic Disease Activity Index (CPDAI), and Disease Activity Index for Psoriatic Arthritis (DAPSA).ResultsThe most common symptoms of a PsA flare were musculoskeletal, followed by fatigue, frustration, loss of function, and an increase in cutaneous symptoms. The test-retest ICC for the FLARE questionnaire was 0.87 (95% CI 0.72–0.94). The optimum cut-off to identify a flare of disease was 4/10 (sensitivity 0.82, specificity 0.76; area under the curve 0.85). For those patients scoring ≥ 4, the mean score for the composite measures was as follows (score for those not reporting a flare in parentheses): PASDAS 5.3 ± 1.3 (3.1 ± 1.6); GRACE 4.5 ± 1.2 (2.2 ± 1.4); CPDAI 8.9 ± 2.5 (4.7 ± 3.1); and DAPSA 38.2 ± 20.3 (16.8 ± 14.9). In a new flare, the increase in composite measure score was calculated as follows: 1 for PASDAS and GRACE, 2 for CPDAI, and 7 for DAPSA. Agreement between the definition of flare using the cut-off of 4 from the questionnaire, and that indicated by the subject in a separate, standalone question was 0.57 (Cohen κ).ConclusionA PsA flare displays escalation of symptoms and signs across multiple domains. The FLARE questionnaire has external validity in terms of both composite disease activity and overall patient opinion about the state of their condition.
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Xie, A., L. Ji, and Z. Zhang. "SAT0096 DISCORDANCE BETWEEN SUBJECTIVE AND OBJECTIVE INDEX OF THE DISEASE ACTIVITY SCORE MAY REDUCE THE CORRELATION BETWEEN CLINICAL AND ULTRASOUND ASSESSMENT IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 79, Suppl 1 (2020): 981.2–982. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.5740.
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Background:There was discordance between subjective and objective index of the disease activity score, or between clinical parameters and ultrasound findings in some RA patients. Therefore, we set out to determine whether the discordance between subjective and objective index of the composite score could reduce the correlation between clinical and ultrasound parameters in RA.Objectives:To investigate whether the discordance between tender and swollen joint count (TJC and SJC) as well as patient’s and evaluator’s global assessment (PGA and EGA) influences the correlation between clinical and US parameters in RA.Methods:RA patients with available ultrasonography of 28 joints from Jan 2014 to Jan 2018 were enrolled in the study. Gray-scale (GS) synovial hypertrophy and Power Doppler (PD) synovitis were measured and semi-quantitatively graded. The total GS/PD score was the sum score of 28 joints. SJC and TJC based on 28 joints, PGA and EGA of all the patients were evaluated by one rheumatologist. The numeric difference between TJC and SJC (ΔTSJ) and that between PGA and EGA (ΔPEG) were calculated. The correlation between clinical and ultrasound parameters in different ΔTSJ and ΔPEG subgroups was explored.Results:Totally 163 patients were enrolled in the study. Clinical composite disease activity scores and all the components were significantly correlated with the total GS and PD scores (p<0.01 for all). But the relevance between the clinical disease parameters and total PD score became weak, with the increase of ΔTSJ. For the patients with ΔTSJ > 5, the total PD score was only correlated with CRP, EGA and PGA, while the total GS score was only correlated with CRP. Similarly, no correlation between total PD score and clinical parameters, except for SJC, was observed in patients with ΔPEG < 0 (p < 0.05).Conclusion:Total PD/GS score was correlated well with the clinical parameters of disease activity, including both the subjective and objective indexes. But for patients with ΔTSJ > 5,there was no correlation between total GS/PD scores and clinical composite disease activity scores, except that only the objective index (CRP, SJC and EGA) were more likely to correlate with total GS/PD scores.Disclosure of Interests:None declared
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Katna, R., N. Kalyani, S. Agarwal, S. Singh, A. Deshpande, and B. Bhosale. "Impact of comorbidities on perioperative outcomes for carcinoma of oral cavity." Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England 102, no. 3 (2020): 232–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/rcsann.2019.0155.
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Introduction Surgical management of oral cavity carcinoma involves composite resection with reconstruction. Comorbidities increase the risk of perioperative complications. Objective stratification is important for uneventful recovery. The Charlson Comorbidity Index and the Washington University Head and Neck Comorbidity Index were used to assess perioperative morbidity and mortality. Materials and methods This was a prospective study of 531 patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma who were treated between January 2014 and December 2017. Patients’ comorbidity scores on the Charlson Comorbidity Index and Washington University Head and Neck Comorbidity Index were recorded. Results The median age of the cohort was 49 years. Median Charlson Comorbidity Index score was 3 and Washington University Head and Neck Comorbidity Index was 0. There were five mortalities with a Charlson Comorbidity Index score of 4 or more. Fifteen patients had either infection, leak or postoperative bleeding. A Charlson Comorbidity Index of 4 or more was associated with higher event rate and poor overall survival (p=0.001) Conclusion Higher Charlson Comorbidity Index score is associated with increased incidence of peri-operative morbidity and mortality, while the Washington University Head and Neck Comorbidity Index is a poor predictor of the same.
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Calapod, Ovidiu Paul, Andreea Maria Marin, Anca Pantea Stoian, and Carmen Fierbinteanu-Braticevici. "Clinical Model for the Prediction of Severe Liver Fibrosis in Adult Patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus." Diagnostics 12, no. 8 (2022): 1829. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12081829.
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Background and Objectives: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)-related severe liver fibrosis is associated with a higher risk of progressing to decompensated cirrhosis and hepatic failure and developing NAFLD-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), particularly in populations with diabetes. Our pilot study aims to evaluate the performances of various noninvasive methods in predicting liver fibrosis in a population of patients with diabetes and to establish a new scoring system for the prediction of severe fibrosis (>F3). Materials and Methods: A total of 175 patients with diabetes were enrolled for liver fibrosis evaluation. Using the degree of agreement (concordance) between a noninvasive score based on serum biomarkers (NAFLD fibrosis score) and point shear-wave elastography (pSWE) as the reference method, we generated receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and performed a multivariate analysis to predict severe liver fibrosis. Results: In our population of patients with diabetes, gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), age, body mass index (BMI), the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C) were significant predictors for the diagnosis of the F3/F4 group (area under the ROC: 0.767, 0.743, 0.757, 0.772, and 0.7, respectively; p < 0.005 for all). Moreover, the combined composite score (the sum of GGT, age, BMI, HOMA index, and HbA1C) had the highest diagnostic performance at a cut-off value of 3 (AUROC—0.899; p < 0001). The sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value (NPV), and positive predictive value (PPV) were 91.20%, 79%, 79%, and 89%, respectively, and 89% of patients were correctly classified as having severe liver fibrosis. In contrast with the Fibrosis 4 (FIB-4) score and the AST-to-platelet ratio index (APRI), the composite score had the best accuracy in discriminating advanced fibrosis. Conclusions: The proposed composite score had a reliable and acceptable diagnostic accuracy in identifying patients with diabetes at risk of having severe fibrosis using readily available laboratory and clinical data.
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Gabal, Mervat Mamdouh Abo, Amina Badr Eldin, Maha Ahmed Elserwy, and Mostafa Adel Mohammed. "Simplified vs modified (reduced) ultrasound 6 joint score in assessing disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis patients." European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine 22, no. 1 (2024): 36–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.15584/ejcem.2024.1.4.
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Introduction and aim. With increasing ultrasound US assessment opportunities for tight rheumatoid arthritis (RA) management, more simplified accurate US-assessment is desired in clinical practice. Aim of the work is assessing modified vs simplified ultrasound 6-joint scores relevance in assessing rheumatoid arthritis disease activity. Material and methods. Fifty-five RA patients were subjected to detailed history, clinical, and musculoskeletal examination with disease activity assessment by clinical disease activity index, simple disease activity index and disease activity score in 28 joints. Com plete blood count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, rheumatoid factor, anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies were done. Patients underwent US examination (gray-scale and power Doppler) for wrist, 2nd and 3rd metacarpophalangeal and knee joints bilaterally. Synovitis composite score was added. Two US indices were constructed: simplified S6 and modified M6 joint scores. Results. Statistical significant positive correlations were high between S6/M6 score parameters (total, grey-scale (GS), power doppler (PD), Composite) and disease activity markers. Both M6 and S6 scores differentiated mild-moderate and moderate-severe disease activity patients. However, only S6 score differentiated remission from mild disease activity patients. Conclusion. Ultrasound 6-joint scores (especially simplified S6) were rapid, easy and sensitive ultrasound tools assessing rheu matoid arthritis disease activity in clinical practice.
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Utama, L. J., L. Yunita, A. C. Sembiring, et al. "Has COVID-19 influenced household food security in the Timorese population?" Food Research 7, Supplementary 5 (2023): 71–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.26656/fr.2017.7(s5).4.
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Food scarcity as an effect of the COVID-19 pandemic has caused famine around the world. The solution of the COVID-19 problem, will involve the minor elements of the community, such as overcoming household food security. This cross-sectional study was carried out to assess whether composite index of household food security, nutrient intake, nutritional status, individual and household dietary diversity score with food and agricultural organization measuring household and individual dietary diversity score among the Timorese family with toddlers’ population during pandemic period, using interviews and direct measurements of respondents, involving 1444 participants. Areas prone to food insecurity had a lower average index score than food-insecure areas. There was a strong correlation between the index score and the level of nutritional adequacy of children under five in: energy, protein, fat, calcium, iron, zinc, and vitamin B12. In addition, the index scores also had a strong positive correlation with the dietary diversity of children under five years old, as seen from the individual dietary diversity score (IDDS) score with r value 0.231 (p value 0.000). There was a strong positive correlation between the index score and the nutritional status of children under five according to body weight for age (BW/A), height for age (H/A), and body weight for height (BW/H). In general, the index developed from this study described the status of household food security. In addition, the total index score could be a fairly strong predictor of nutrient intake and nutritional status in children under five years old.
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Pardi, Vanessa, Antonio Carlos Pereira, Gláucia Maria Bovi Ambrosano, and Marcelo de Castro Meneghim. "Clinical evaluation of three different materials used as pit and fissure sealant." Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry 29, no. 2 (2005): 133–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.17796/jcpd.29.2.e44h17387x324345.
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To evaluate the retention and caries experience effects of three different materials used as fissure sealants after 24 months of clinical application: a resin-modified glass ionomer cement (A), a flowable resin composite (B) and a compomer (C). One hundred and seventeen (117) teeth were sealed with material A, 119 teeth with material B and 120 teeth with material C. Children were randomly assigned. Each one received only one of the materials studied. Plaque index, dmft score and socioeconomic level were scored at baseline. The clinical exams were conducted 6,12 and 24 months after application of the sealant. Statistical analysis (Kruskal-Wallis) revealed that there were statistically significant differences between the retention rates of groups A and B and between groups B and C after 2 years, with material B showing better results. After 2 years, 3.1% of the teeth of group A, 4.3% of group B and 6.7% of group C were Carious+Filled. There was no evidence of association between caries presence after 2 years and plaque index, dmft score and socioeconomic level. These results suggest that flowable resin composite had a satisfactory retention after this period of evaluation and all three materials were effective on occlusal caries prevention. J Clin Pediatr Dent 29(2): 133-138,2005
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Min, Meeyoung O., June-Yung Kim, Tugba Olgac, Meredith W. Francis, En-Jung Shon, and Dalhee Yoon. "Factor Structure of the Urban Hassles Index." Research on Social Work Practice 28, no. 6 (2016): 741–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1049731516674815.
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Objective: This study examined the factor structure and psychometric properties of the Urban Hassles Index (UHI). Method: Exploratory factor analyses (EFAs) were conducted via principal axis factoring extraction method. Confirmatory factor analyses were conducted to evaluate the fit of the EFA-derived model using the weighted least squares estimator with mean and variance adjustments. Composite/scale scores were created for the extracted factors, with a total score derived by summing the scale scores. Criterion-related validity was examined using hierarchical regressions. Results: The UHI had four first-order factors ( environmental nuisance, safety concerns, drug, and coercion) accounting for 43% of the total variance. Covariance among the first-order factors was explained by a higher second-order factor. Moderate factor correlations and evidence for the criterion-related validity of the subscales and total score indicated multidimensionality of the UHI. Conclusions: The shortened 16-item UHI is a brief assessment tool evaluating stressors unique to urban adolescents, providing specific intervention targets.
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Chauhan, Rohit Singh, Anusheel Munshi, and Anirudh Pradhan. "Analyzing Global Cancer Control: Progress of National Cancer Control Programs through Composite Indicators and Regression Modeling." Journal of Medical Physics 49, no. 2 (2024): 225–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jmp.jmp_21_24.
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Aim: Cancer is a significant public health concern, and National Cancer Control Programs (NCCPs) are crucial for reducing its burden. However, assessing the progress of NCCPs is challenging due to the complexity of cancer control outcomes and the various factors that influence them. Composite indicators can provide a comprehensive and accurate assessment of NCCP progress. Materials and Methods: The dataset was compiled for 144 countries and comprised eight composite indices and two high-level comparative indicators (mortality-to-cancer incidence ratio [MIR] and 5-year cancer prevalence-to-incidence ratio [PCIR]) representing NCCP outcomes. Two large databases and six annual composite index reports were consulted. Linear regression analysis and Pearson correlation coefficients were used to establish a relationship between indicators and NCCP outcomes. A multiple regression machine learning model was generated to further improve the accuracy of NCCP outcome prediction. Results: High-income countries had the highest cancer incidence, whereas low-income countries had the highest MIR. Linear regression analysis indicated a negative trend between all composite indicators and MIR, whereas a positive trend was observed with PCIR. The Human Development Index and the Legatum Prosperity Index had the highest adjusted R 2 values for MIR (0.74 and 0.73) and PCIR (0.86 and 0.81), respectively. Multiple linear regression modeling was performed, and the results indicated a low mean squared error score (−0.02) and a high R 2 score (0.86), suggesting that the model accurately predicts NCCP outcomes. Conclusions: Overall, composite indicators can be an effective tool for evaluating NCCP, and the results of this study can aid in the development and keeping track of NCCP progress for better cancer control.
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Brown, Colin Craig. "81 An Examination of a Multiple Cutoff Performance Validity Index." Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 29, s1 (2023): 755. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355617723009396.
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Objective:Recent consensus guidelines have advocated for the use of multivariate performance validity assessment on ability-based measures such those used in neuropsychological assessment. Further, previous research has demonstrated that aggregating performance validity indicators may produce superior classification accuracy. The present study builds upon this research by aggregating data from three of the most commonly used performance validity measures (Test of Memory Malingering [TOMM], Rey Fifteen Item Test with recognition trial [FIT plus recognition], and Reliable Digit Span [RDS]) to create a performance validity composite measure in a veteran mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) population.Participants and Methods:Data of patients evaluated at a VA hospital who had completed the RDS, FIT plus recognition, and TOMM as part of their clinical neuropsychological evaluation were analyzed (n = 20). Two composite performance validity indexes were created: a Single Cutoff Performance Validity Index (SC-PVI), which measures the quantity of failures across performance validity measures (PVMs) by summing the total number of PVM failures, and a Multiple Cutoff Performance Validity Index (MC-PVI) which measures the number of failures as well as degree of failure(s) across measures of performance validity (e.g., a participant would attain a score of 3 if their PVM performance failed to reach a conservative cut point; they would obtain a score of 1 if they met conservative cut point, yet failed to reach a liberal cut point).Results:Only one participant (5%) attained a score of 0 on the SC-PVI (i.e., passing all PVTs using standard cutoffs) and MC-PVI (i.e., passing the most liberal cut points on all three PVMs). Conversely, eight participants (40%) attained a score of 3 on the SC-PVI (i.e., failed all three PVMs) and four participants (20%) attained a score of 9 (i.e., failed the most conservative cut points on all three PVMs). Results showed a significant (p < .001) ordinal association between the two indices (G = .984); however, there was no significant agreement between SC-PVI and MC-PVI models (k = -.087; p = .127).Conclusions:Data revealed discordant findings between the three PVMs utilized. The majority of participants (75%) scored between 2-8 on the MC-PVI, meaning that they did not exceed all liberal cut points or fail all conservative cut points. These “grey area” scores suggest an indeterminate range of performance validity, which cannot be captured by a solitary cut point or neatly classified as pass or fail. The utility of multiple cutoff performance validity models (i.e., aggregating PVMs to consider the severity of failure and number of failures) is that they capture the nuance of these data when determining and discussing the credibility of a profile. Multiple cut point data also highlight how the choice of cutoff influences the outcome of performance validity research and clinical decision making. As such, future research on the classification accuracy of this MC-PVI is needed.
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Nicolozakes, Constantine P., Daniel K. Schneider, Benjamin D. Roewer, James R. Borchers, and Timothy E. Hewett. "Influence of Body Composition on Functional Movement Screen™ Scores in College Football Players." Journal of Sport Rehabilitation 27, no. 5 (2018): 431–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsr.2015-0080.
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Context: The functional movement screen (FMS™) is used to identify movement asymmetries and deficiencies. While obesity has been reported to impede movement, the correlation between body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage (BF%), and FMS™ in athletes is unknown. Objective: To determine if there is a relationship between BMI, BF%, and FMS™ scores in a sample of National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I football athletes. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Biodynamics laboratory. Participants: A total of 38 male freshman football players (18.0 [0.7] y, 185.3 [5.5] cm, and 103.9 [20.3] kg). Interventions: Height, weight, and BF% were collected, and subjects underwent the FMS™ conducted by a certified athletic trainer. Main Outcome Measures: The dependent variables were BMI, BF%, composite FMS™ score, and 7 individual FMS™ test scores. Subjects were grouped as normal BMI (BMI < 30 kg/m2) or obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2). A composite FMS™ score of ≤14 and an individual FMS™ score of ≤1 were classified as cutoffs for poor movement performance. Results: A negative correlation between composite FMS™ score and BMI approached significance (P = .07, ρ = .296). A negative correlation between composite FMS™ score and BF% was significant (P = .01, ρ = −.449). There was a significant difference in the number of obese subjects scoring below the composite FMS™ cutoff (χ2 = 5.179, P = .02) and the individual FMS™ cutoff on the deep squat (χ2 = 6.341, P = .01), hurdle step (χ2 = 9.870, P = .002), and in-line lunge (χ2 = 5.584, P = .02) when compared with normal BMI subjects. Conclusions: Increased BF% and BMI relate to lower composite FMS™ and individual FMS™ test scores, indicating potentially poor movement patterns in larger National Collegiate Athletic Association football athletes. Future research should focus on examining lower extremity–specific FMS™ tasks individually from composite FMS™ scores.
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Idaayath, Azmina, Poornima Jnaneshwar, R. Krishnaraj, and K.Ravi. "Evaluation and comparison of shear bond strength and adhesive remnant index score in brackets bonded with probiotics impregnated orthodontic adhesive and commercially available orthodontic adhesive - An in vitro study." International Journal of Orthodontic Rehabilitation 14, no. 1 (2023): 18–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.56501/intjorthodrehabil.v14i1.696.
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Background: White spot lesions are one of the main drawbacks of fixed orthodontic mechanotherapy. Probiotic bacteria have been included in mouthwashes and lozenges to check the activity of S.mutans on surface enamel. Aim: Aim of the present study was to evaluate and compare shear bond strength and adhesive remnant index scores of orthodontic brackets bonded with probiotic impregnated (Lactobacillus rhamnous) orthodontic adhesive and conventional light cure orthodontic adhesive. Materials and methods: In this in-vitro study, two groups were tested in one group brackets were bonded to extracted maxillary premolars using probiotic impregnated composite and in the other with conventional light cure composite resin. Shear bond strength was assessed using universal testing machine. Adhesive remnant index scores were assessed on the same samples. Results: Shear bond strength of the new composite resin was significantly decreased when compared to conventional light cure composite (p=0.001). There was no significant difference in ARI scores (p=0.51) between the groups. Conclusions: The shear bond strength of the novel probiotic impregnated composite was significantly reduced. Though there was no significant variation in ARI scores when compared to control, avenues to improve the shear bond strength should be assessed.
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Abubakar*, A.A., Ahmed, B., Yusuf, O., Yusuf, S., Njiforti, P.P., and Bello, B. "ANALYSIS OF LIVELIHOOD SECURITY STATUS FOR WOMEN GROUNDNUT SEED PRODUCERS IN JIGAWA, KANO AND KEBBI STATES, NIGERIA." Nigerian Journal of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology 4, no. 4B (2024): 47–57. https://doi.org/10.59331/njaat.v4i4b.898.
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The study was aim to comparatively analyse the livelihood security status for women groundnut seed producers in Jigawa, Kano and Kebbi States, Nigeria. A multistage sampling technique was used to sample 180 women groundnut seed producer across the three States studied. Primary data were collected through face-to-face interviews with the use of semi-structure questionnaire. The analytical techniques used to achieve the stated objectives of the study were descriptive statistics and livelihood security index. The findings of the study revealed that the composite index score of the overall economic security of women groundnut seed producers in Jigawa (0.5506) and Kebbi States (0.5547) were marginally lower than the score of Kano State (0.6730). The study also revealed that the composite index score of the overall educational security of the women groundnut seed producers in Jigawa (0.1552) and Kebbi (0.1611) States was found to be more vulnerable than Kano State (0.2342). Likewise, the findings of the study further revealed that the composite index score of the overall food security of the women groundnut seed producers in Jigawa (0.5173) and Kebbi (0.5116) States was found to be more vulnerable to food insecurity compare to Kano State (0.5284) respectively. In a related development, the findings of the study also shows that the overall score of the social security status of the women groundnut seed producers in Jigawa (0.5148), Kano (0.5978) and Kebbi (0.5335) States were greater than the mid-value in the overall scale of 0-1 points across the three States. Finally, the findings of the study shows that the overall livelihood securities is highest among women groundnut seed producers in Kano State (0.4539) followed by those at Jigawa State (0.3909) with the lowest found in Kebbi State (0.3874). Therefore, the overall values shows that livelihood securities of women groundnut seed producers across the States are quite low. The study recommends that the women groundnut seed producer should be encourage to diversifying their agricultural production system to achieve food self-sufficiency and enhance family income. The study also recommends that the government should increase economic opportunities for the women groundnut seed producers, in the two States for improving upon their economic security status.
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Wiratama, Budhi Fatanza, and Zasya Safitri. "Measuring the Development of Islamic Education in Indonesia." Muslim Education Review 2, no. 1 (2023): 27–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.56529/mer.v2i1.161.
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Islam holds an important position in various human development processes in Indonesia, one of them is in the education sector. The Indonesian government through the Ministry of Religious Affairs established madrasas and Islamic Higher Education as an Islamic-based formal educational institution. Through logic and science, education is the way for humans to develop equally regardless of their gender. Herein lies the role of Islamic-based education to uphold this anti-discrimination principle. This research has the aim of conducting a composite index, namely the Islamic Education Development Index (IEDI) to describe the condition of Islamic education development at the provincial level in Indonesia. In addition, statistical modeling is carried out to see the influence of Islamic education on the Gender Development Index (GDI). The IEDI is a composite index consisting of five indicators including infrastructure accessibility, teaching competence, institutional ranking, outcomes, and quality of the learning process. Based on the research results, the average IEDI score of provinces in Indonesia is 45.13 for the period 2019. The best IEDI score by province is Yogyakarta, reaching a score of 55.00, and the lowest is North Kalimantan, which is only 35.90. Based on modeling results, it was also found that the IEDI has a significant effect on increasing the GDI at the confidence interval (CI) up to 95 percent. Governments can begin to pay more attention to Islamic-based education to optimize this influence.
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Kuzuhara, Kenji, Masashi Shibata, Junta Iguchi, and Ryo Uchida. "Functional Movements in Japanese Mini-Basketball Players." Journal of Human Kinetics 61, no. 1 (2018): 53–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hukin-2017-0128.
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AbstractFunctional movement screen (FMS) has been used to establish normative data and determine potential injury risk for young adults and athletes, but there are few data in elementary school-age children. The purpose of this study was to establish fundamental values for the FMS in elementary school-age mini-basketball players. Secondary purposes were to examine relationships between functional movement patterns and age, peak height velocity (PHV), and body mass index (BMI), and to compare functional movement patterns between boys and girls and between individuals with and without a history of injury. The mean composite FMS score was 16.5 ± 2.2 (16.5 ± 2.4 for boys, 16.5 ± 1.7 for girls). The composite FMS score was positively correlated with age (r = .312) and negatively correlated with the BMI (r = − .371). However, the FMS score was not correlated with PHV or with PHV age. The FMS score was not different between boys and girls or between individuals who reported a previous injury and those who did not. However, boys in the mini-basketball teams performed better than girls on the trunk stability push-up and rotary stability tests. Age and the body mass index were significantly associated with better and poorer functional movement, respectively.
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Kuroda, Shunsuke, Shingo Matsumoto, Takahide Sano, et al. "External validation of the 4C Mortality Score for patients with COVID-19 and pre-existing cardiovascular diseases/risk factors." BMJ Open 11, no. 9 (2021): e052708. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-052708.
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ObjectivesPredictive algorithms to inform risk management decisions are needed for patients with COVID-19, although the traditional risk scores have not been adequately assessed in Asian patients. We aimed to evaluate the performance of a COVID-19-specific prediction model, the 4C (Coronavirus Clinical Characterisation Consortium) Mortality Score, along with other conventional critical care risk models in Japanese nationwide registry data.DesignRetrospective cohort study.Setting and participantsHospitalised patients with COVID-19 and cardiovascular disease or coronary risk factors from January to May 2020 in 49 hospitals in Japan.Main outcome measuresTwo different types of outcomes, in-hospital mortality and a composite outcome, defined as the need for invasive mechanical ventilation and mortality.ResultsThe risk scores for 693 patients were tested by predicting in-hospital mortality for all patients and composite endpoint among those not intubated at baseline (n=659). The number of events was 108 (15.6%) for mortality and 178 (27.0%) for composite endpoints. After missing values were multiply imputed, the performance of the 4C Mortality Score was assessed and compared with three prediction models that have shown good discriminatory ability (RISE UP score, A-DROP score and the Rapid Emergency Medicine Score (REMS)). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for the 4C Mortality Score was 0.84 (95% CI 0.80 to 0.88) for in-hospital mortality and 0.78 (95% CI 0.74 to 0.81) for the composite endpoint. It showed greater discriminatory ability compared with other scores, except for the RISE UP score, for predicting in-hospital mortality (AUC: 0.82, 95% CI 0.78 to 0.86). Similarly, the 4C Mortality Score showed a positive net reclassification improvement index over the A-DROP and REMS for mortality and over all three scores for the composite endpoint. The 4C Mortality Score model showed good calibration, regardless of outcome.ConclusionsThe 4C Mortality Score performed well in an independent external COVID-19 cohort and may enable appropriate disposition of patients and allocation of medical resources.Trial registration number UMIN000040598.