Journal articles: 'Composite materials. Structural analysis (Engineering) Thermal analysis'

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Kiang, H. J., and C. K. H. Dharan. "Analysis of Composite Stretched-Membrane Heliostats." Journal of Solar Energy Engineering 111, no. 2 (May 1, 1989): 103–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3268294.

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The stretched-membrane concept has the potential for reducing the cost of heliostats used for solar thermal energy generation in central receiver systems. In this concept, a high strength/structural membrane carrying the reflective film is stretched uniformly on a toroidal frame. The resulting structure has high stiffness and is structurally efficient. It is practically suitable for composite materials, since the loading is primarily in-plane. In this paper, the application of composite materials to stretched-membrane heliostat design is investigated. The results of the analysis show that composite materials for both the membrane and the frame exhibit significant advantages over metals. These include high strength-to-weight design, higher resistance to wind-induced deformation, the possibility of independently tailoring bending and torsional stiffness, and better transportability.

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A R, Sreadha, and Chitaranjan Pany. "Static, Free Vibration and Buckling Analysis of Composite Panels; A Review." Advanced Journal of Graduate Research 9, no. 1 (November 27, 2020): 21–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.21467/ajgr.9.1.21-45.

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A composite material is generally a combination of materials differing in composition or form on a macro scale for the purposes of attaining specific characteristics and properties. The developments in the field of composite materials have granted significant weight reduction in structural design. When compared to metallic materials, composites offer many advantages, especially high strength, stiffness to weight ratio, excellent fatigue properties, and corrosion resistance. Plates, curved panels, the cylindrical shell-shaped forms of models are being broadly used in many structural packages of engineering structure. For design the structure, it is important to know the behaviour of these under static, free vibration, buckling condition. The present paper aims to review the literature on static, free vibration, and buckling analysis of composite flat panel, curved panel, and cylindrical shell. Further, the testing procedure of laminate, design guidelines of laminates and cost estimations with mechanical properties comparison of laminate with metal, CLT (classical lamination theory) basis including thermal and moisture expansion for stiffness evaluation are also summarised in this paper.

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Argyris, John, and Lazarus Tenek. "Recent Advances in Computational Thermostructural Analysis of Composite Plates and Shells With Strong Nonlinearities." Applied Mechanics Reviews 50, no. 5 (May 1, 1997): 285–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3101708.

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The article presents some modern developments in computational technology for the nonlinear thermostructural analysis of laminated composite plates and shells of arbitrary geometry. Following a review of the current state of the art, it particularly emphasizes on new finite element methodologies that can be applied to the study of complex laminated shells both thermally and structurally using the same topology constructed via simple simplex triangular elements based on respective first-order lamination theories. Very high temperatures are imposed on some examples in order to demonstrate the high effect of nonlinearity. In addition, the authors want to prepare the ground for the advent of new high-temperature materials. For the numerical examples presented comparison with reference solutions is made where available. Thus the present overview intends to impact a continuing discussion on the unification and integration of thermal and structural analyses methods as they apply to large and complex high-temperature composite shell structures under combined thermal and mechanical loading. In this respect it also intends to contribute to the on-going efforts of integrating thermal and structural engineering codes and the development of suitable interfaces. Future research trends are also identified.

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Kalužová, Alena, Jan Pěnčík, Libor Matějka, Libor Matějka, Tomáš Pospíšil, and Darina Dostálová. "Analysis of the Effect of Temperature on Thermal Conductivity of the Insulation Block Made from Secondary Raw Materials." Advanced Materials Research 683 (April 2013): 242–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.683.242.

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The increasing requirements for thermal protection of buildings results in promotion of the development of structural and material design of building facilities. Proper structural design of details then leads to elimination of thermal bridges and to improvement of the indoor environment. Waste management is one of the main features of sustainable construction. The solution of this problem is to extend the product life cycle by recycling. The contribution discusses the development of thermal insulating material block made of secondary raw materials - a thermal insulation composite material - TICM [1]. Uniform dispersion of grains of foamy glass waste (filler) in polymer filling from recycled thermoplastics (PP, HDPE) induces formation of particle composite. Decisive properties in choosing the materials to be applied include mainly the coefficient of thermal conductivity, volume density, compressive strength and water absorption. The coefficient of thermal conductivity λ [W/mK], however, varies depending on surrounding temperature and humidity.

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Jalal, Mostafa, and Esmaeel Mansouri. "Thermal and mechanical characteristics of cement nanocomposites." Science and Engineering of Composite Materials 20, no. 1 (February 1, 2013): 35–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/secm-2012-0053.

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AbstractWidespread applications and advantages of different types of composite materials have drawn researchers’ attention toward the science and technology of composites. Among these materials, cementitious composites have a special place, as they have many applications in various fields of structural and civil engineering. Due to the importance of cementitious composites and their behavior, investigation of their properties is of great importance. Thus in the present study, thermal and mechanical properties of the self-compacting cementitious composites containing different fractions of nano TiO2 have been investigated. Mechanical properties were assessed through compressive, split tensile and flexural tests. The thermal properties were assessed through thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and conduction calorimetry tests. Accelerated peak appearance in conduction calorimetry tests and more weight loss in thermogravimetric analysis could indicate that TiO2 nanoparticles could lead to strength development at earlier ages and improve the properties of the self-compacting cementitious composites.

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Sathishkumar, GK, G. Rajkumar, K. Srinivasan, and MJ Umapathy. "Structural analysis and mechanical properties of lignite fly-ash-added jute–epoxy polymer matrix composite." Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites 37, no. 2 (October 19, 2017): 90–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0731684417735183.

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The role of lignite fly ash in determining the physical properties of polymer matrix composite is studied in the present investigation. For that, different compositions of polymer matrix composite were prepared using epoxy polymer resin with lignite fly ash and jute fiber in the combination of (90 − x) EP − 10 JF − xLFA (where x = 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, and 2.5 wt.%) through hand layup technique followed by light compression molding technique. The changes in the physical properties of polymer matrix composite, when fly ash was added, were found to be quite interesting. A linear increase in mechanical strength such as compressive strength, tensile strength, flexural strength, impact energy, and barcol hardness was observed up to the addition of 2 wt.% fly ash content in the polymer matrix composite. Scanning electron microscope image of the composite sample EPJF2.0 showed the distribution of the fly ash, minimal voids, and fiber pullouts presented at the fractured surface. Of all the prepared polymer matrix composites, the sample EPJF2.0 showed a higher mechanical strength and better thermal stability than the other samples.

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Jiang, Jian, Joseph A. Main, Jonathan M. Weigand, and Fahim Sadek. "Reduced-Order Modeling of Composite Floor Slabs in Fire. II: Thermal-Structural Analysis." Journal of Structural Engineering 146, no. 6 (June 2020): 04020081. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)st.1943-541x.0002607.

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Lu, WT, S. Singh, and WS Chan. "A novel stress analysis method for composite Z-stiffeners under mechanical and thermal loads." Journal of Composite Materials 53, no. 26-27 (May 8, 2019): 3807–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998319846947.

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A closed-form analytical solution is developed for analyzing laminated composite beam with asymmetric Z cross-section. The explicit expressions for evaluating sectional properties such as centroid, shear center, equivalent bending/torsional stiffness and warping stiffness are formulated based upon modified lamination theory and taken into consideration of the structural deformation characteristics of beam with narrow section. The ply stresses of flanges and web laminates are computed for composite Z-stiffener under axial, bending, and torsional loads. The present results give excellent agreement with the results from ANSYS™. A parametric study of their centroid and shear center with various layup sequences was performed by using the developed solution. It is found that the sectional properties are not only dependent of structural configuration but also the laminate property. Moreover, these properties are only dependent of structural configuration if the entire Z-stiffener is made of the same family laminates regardless their ply orientation and stacking sequence. It is concluded that the present approach is a viable and efficient method for designing composite Z-stiffener.

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Zaldivar, Rafael J., D. Marques, C. Barrie, and D. Patel. "The effect of radiation exposure on carbon fiber-reinforced Rohacell® core laminate structural composites." Journal of Composite Materials 54, no. 17 (December 12, 2019): 2261–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998319893009.

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Two equivalent density foams with identical shear strengths were used to manufacture carbon-fiber reinforced composite sandwich structures. One foam core system (Rohacell® 71 WF) has a cell diameter of 1117 µm and a wall thickness of 29 µm, while the second one (Rohacell® 71 HERO) has cell diameter of 146 µm and a wall thickness of 3 µm. A 60Co source was used to expose composites from 0 to 12 Mrads of radiation. Tests were used to evaluate the effect of radiation on the core shear strength and failure mechanism for both types of composites. The WF composites experienced a 75% decrease in core shear strength, while the HERO only exhibited an 8% decrease. The fracture behavior of the WF composites changed from a more compliant to a brittle fracture path with increased radiation. The fracture modes for the HERO were similar and did not change characteristics, even with maximum radiation dosage. Thermal analysis also showed that even after composite thermal processing, the WF foam retained a lower Tg in comparison to the HERO foam. Dynamic mechanical analyzer also indicated a faster rate of Tg degradation for the WF foam composites as a function of radiation, suggesting a lower degree of crosslinking which resulted in fragmentation of the network. Thermal gravimetric analysis and size exclusion chromatography also exhibited an earlier onset of thermal degradation for the WF foams with radiation. This investigation suggests that changes in composite mechanical properties with radiation are related to both foam macrostructure and the degree of crosslinking of the polymer foam. Careful evaluation must be performed to establish proper selection of the composite core material based on end of life environmental exposure.

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Chamis, C. C., and S. N. Singhal. "Coupled Multidisciplinary Simulation of Composite Engine Structures in Propulsion Environment." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 115, no. 2 (April 1, 1993): 300–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2906709.

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A computational simulation procedure is described for the coupled response of multilayered multimaterial composite engine structural components that are subjected to simultaneous multidisciplinary thermal, structural, vibration, and acoustic loading including the effect of hostile environments. The simulation is based on a three-dimensional finite element analysis technique in conjunction with structural mechanics codes and with the acoustic analysis methods. The composite material behavior is assessed at the various composite scales, i.e., the laminate/ply/fiber and matrix constituents, via a nonlinear material characterization model. Sample cases exhibiting nonlinear geometric, material, loading, and environmental behavior of aircraft engine fan blades are presented. Results for deformed shape, vibration frequencies, mode shapes, and acoustic noise emitted from the fan blade are discussed for their coupled effect in hot and humid environments. Results such as acoustic noise for coupled composite-mechanics/heat transfer/structural/vibration/acoustic analyses demonstrate the effectiveness of coupled multidisciplinary computational simulation and the various advantages of composite materials compared to metals.

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Gligic, Boris, Dragan Budjevac, and Zlatko Markovic. "Theoretical Analysis of the Possibilities for Aluminium Alloy Beam to Be Strengthened Using Elements of Steel." Key Engineering Materials 710 (September 2016): 333–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.710.333.

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This paper deal, on example of aluminium alloy beam strengthened by using elements of steel, with theoretical analysis of the possibilities for composite action of beam formed from two materials with considerably different coefficients of thermal expansion. According to authors opinion conclusions lead to clear statement that such structures are possible as well that such solutions could have economical and serviceability sense, especially in field of structural engineering where exposing to temperature changes is limited to relatively small range. In case of aluminium and steel combination, for extreme temperature change used in structural engineering, advantages that are achieved are considerably higher than disadvantages, especially in cases where deformation is dominant condition.

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Thangaratnam, R. Kari, Palaninathan, and J. Ramachandran. "Thermal stress analysis of laminated composite plates and shells." Computers & Structures 30, no. 6 (January 1988): 1403–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0045-7949(88)90204-0.

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Reddy, K. Manohar, D. Harsha Vardhan, Y. Santhosh Kumar Reddy, Gujjala Raghavendra, and Ramesh Rudrapati. "Experimental Study of Thermal and Mechanical Behaviour of Graphite-Filled UJF Composite." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2021 (July 13, 2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/3739573.

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The advancement of composites mixed with natural fibers and with fillers has become the most supportable alternative material for engineering applications, especially in industries such as automotive and aerospace. Natural fibers are renewable, cheap, biodegradable, and ecological materials. In the present work, already used woven jute fibers, which are extracted from gunny bags with the same grams per square meter (GSM), were used, and then, woven jute fibers were chemically treated to improve their characteristics. Graphite powder-filled used jute fiber reinforced epoxy composite (UJF) are prepared by using the hand-layup technique. Tests such as tensile, flexure, impact, and thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) were conducted. These tests were according to ASTM standards to evaluate the effect of graphite filler content on hybrid epoxy jute composites. The composite material is prepared by changing the content by weight of the filler by 3%, 6%, 9%, and 12%. The experimental results reveal that 6% of the graphite composites showed the maximum tensile strength and modulus. With the increase in the filler content, there is a decrease in the flexural properties. The impact resistance increases slightly up to 6% of the filler content. The study of thermal decomposition showed that the lowest mass loss was found at 9% by weight of the filler content. Morphological analysis performed by FE-SEM showed that the addition of filler content improved the binding of the fiber and matrix up to 6% by weight of the filler content. It should be noted that these hybrid composites are a promising material at low cost for lightweight structural applications.

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Srinivas Reddy, Pala, T. Victor Babu, and S. Santosh Kumar. "Dynamic Mechanical Analysis and Thermo-Gravimetric Analysis on Chopped Strand Mat Reinforced with Polyester Resin and Graphite Powder." Advanced Materials Research 1148 (June 2018): 48–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1148.48.

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Fiber reinforced plastics have been widely used for manufacturing aircrafts and spacecrafts structural parts because of their high mechanical, physical properties. These are used in manufacturing of structural composites, printed circuit boards and in a wide range of special-purpose products which are included in medical field as well. Within reinforcing materials chopped strand mats are the most frequently used in structural constructions because of their properties such as viscoelasticity, strength and high thermal stability. The present work focuses on mechanical and thermal properties of chopped strand mat reinforced with polyester resin and filler as graphite powder (which has high melting point) in different weight fractions. Evaluation of material properties is tested using Thermo-Gravimetric Analysis and Dynamic Mechanical analysis at a standard temperature ranging between 20°C - 460°C and evaluated. The results show that inclusion of graphite powder in chopped strand mat exhibit better enhancement in results when compared.

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Hu, Jiaming, Junyi Wang, Yu Xie, Chenzhi Shi, and Yun Chen. "Finite Element Analysis on Acoustic and Mechanical Performance of Flexible Perforated Honeycomb-Corrugation Hybrid Sandwich Panel." Shock and Vibration 2021 (May 16, 2021): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9977644.

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Since proposed, the perforated honeycomb-corrugation sandwich panel has attracted a lot of attention due to its superior broadband sound absorption at low frequencies and excellent mechanical stiffness/strength. However, most existing studies have assumed a structure made of high-strength materials and studied its performance based on the ideal rigid-wall model with little consideration for acoustic-structure interaction, thereby neglecting the structural vibrations caused by the material’s elasticity. In this paper, we developed a more realistic model considering the solid structural dynamics using the finite element method (FEM) and by applying aluminum and rubber as the structural material. The enhancement of the low-frequency performance and inhibition of broadband absorption coexisted in low-strength rubbers, implying a compromise in the selection of Young's modulus to balance these two influences. Further analysis on thermal-viscous dissipation, mechanical energy, and average structural stress indicated that the structure should work right below the resonant frequency for optimization. Based on these findings, we designed a novel aluminum-rubber composite structure possessing enhanced low-frequency absorption, high resistance to shear load, normal compression, and thermal expansion. Our research is expected to shed some light on noise control and the design of multifunctional acoustic metamaterials.

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Dmitruk, Anna, Krzysztof Naplocha, Andrzej Żak, Agata Strojny-Nędza, Hajo Dieringa, and Karl Ulrich Kainer. "Development of Pore-Free Ti-Si-C MAX/Al-Si Composite Materials Manufactured by Squeeze Casting Infiltration." Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance 28, no. 10 (October 2019): 6248–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11665-019-04390-8.

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Abstract Open-porous MAX phase skeletons from Ti3SiC2 were manufactured by Microwave-Assisted Self-propagating High-temperature Synthesis (MASHS) and subsequently subjected to squeeze casting infiltration with an Al-Si lightweight casting alloy (EN AC-44200). This alloy was chosen due to its high flowability, corrosion resistance and good machinability. The manufactured composites, together with a reference sample of the original alloy, underwent testing of thermal properties, including thermal conductivity and diffusivity, specific heat and thermal expansion in the temperature range 50-500 °C, which corresponds to the expected working temperatures of the material. The fabricated AlSi/Ti3SiC2 composites have significantly increased thermal stability, with coefficients of thermal expansion (approximately 10-11 × 10−6 °C−1) half that of the original alloy. As regards mechanical properties, the instrumental Young’s modulus and Vickers hardness of the composite materials are 170.8 and 8.5 GPa, respectively. Moreover, the microstructure and phase composition, structural defects and potential impacts between constituents of the manufactured composites were characterized using SEM, TEM and STEM microscopy and EDS and XRD analysis.

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Kumar, S. K., and B. N. Singh. "Thermal Buckling Analysis of SMA Fiber-Reinforced Composite Plates Using Layerwise Model." Journal of Aerospace Engineering 22, no. 4 (October 2009): 342–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0893-1321(2009)22:4(342).

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Zahedinejad, Parham, Chen Zhang, Haifeng Zhang, and Shuai Ju. "A Comprehensive Review on Vibration Analysis of Functionally Graded Beams." International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics 20, no. 04 (April 2020): 2030002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219455420300025.

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Beams and beam structures are structural components commonly used in mechanical, aerospace, nuclear, and civil engineering. To meet the different engineering design limitations such as operational conditions, weight, and vibrational characteristics, these components may be made of various materials such as functionally-graded materials (FGMs), composites, and homogeneous materials. Functionally-graded (FG) beams play a key role not only in classical structural applications, but also have vast applications in thermal, electric-structural and electric-thermal-structural systems, e.g. in the form of FG beam energy harvesters, sensors and actuators. In all these applications, using new materials like FGMs can greatly improve the efficiency of the structural components and systems. Since FG beams are mostly used as moving components in engineering structures, vibration analysis of these components has been studied by numerous researchers. In order to solve the governing equation and related boundary conditions of the FG beams, powerful numerical methods with a high level of accuracy and fast rate of convergence are often required. The differential quadrature method (DQM) is a powerful and reliable numerical method which has been extensively used by researchers to perform the vibration analyses of FG structures in the last decade. In this paper, firstly various mathematical models which have been used to express the material properties of FGMs are reviewed. Secondly different elasticity theories which have been applied in vibration analysis of FG beams are summarized. In addition, a review on the DQM and its applications is presented. At the next step, a comprehensive review on free vibration analyses of FG beams based on different elasticity theories and in particular those using the DQM is performed. In continue, a brief review on the application of other numerical methods in vibration analysis of FG beams is presented. Moreover, because of the importance of nonlinear vibration analysis of FG beams, a review on the application of various numerical methods and different elasticity theories on nonlinear vibration analysis of FG beams is performed. Finally, a brief review on linear and nonlinear vibration analysis of FG microbeams, as a special type of FG beams, is presented.

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Verma, Akarsh, Chhavi Singh, VK Singh, and Naman Jain. "Fabrication and characterization of chitosan-coated sisal fiber – Phytagel modified soy protein-based green composite." Journal of Composite Materials 53, no. 18 (February 19, 2019): 2481–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998319831748.

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In this article, a detailed systematic methodology to fabricate and characterize the diverse properties of soy protein and sisal fiber reinforced green composites has been presented. After fabrication by hand lay-up and solution casting method, these composites with varying sisal fiber weight percentages (0, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 10) were put to various characterization tests. The surfaces of sisal fiber were treated with sodium hydroxide to enhance its interfacial bonding properties. The fabricated samples were examined on the basis of microstructural tests that included the scanning electron microscopy; followed by the mechanical (tensile) and physical (water absorption) tests. Finally, the thermal tests were performed that involved the thermogravimetric analysis, differential thermal analysis and dynamic mechanical analysis tests. The phytagel modified soy protein-based composite with 5 wt.% of sisal fiber content was confirmed to be the best of all compositions under this scrutiny, which was authenticated by the micro-structural and mechanical tests. To further enhance the mechanical, physical and thermal properties of fabricated composites, chitosan coating was applied on them.

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Ku, H., F. Cardona, D. Rogers, and A. Vandenbroucke. "Effects of EPON on Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Epoxy Resins." Advanced Materials Research 47-50 (June 2008): 536–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.47-50.536.

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Low cost composite materials are widely used in civil and structural engineering applications. This project uses EPON to plasticize a commonly used resin, epoxy resin to lower the cost of the composite and to find out the mechanical and thermal properties of the plasticized epoxy resin to see if it is suitable for the said applications. Three point bending tests were carried out to evaluate the flexural properties of the plasticized resins. Differential scanning calorimetry and dynamic mechanical thermal analysis are used to evaluate the thermal properties of the plasticized epoxy resin. The study with epoxy and EPON showed that the mechanical properties of the epoxy composite were lowered but its ability to dissipate energy increased because of its improved thermal properties. As EPON is much cheaper that epoxy resin, the composite produced is therefore cheaper and provided the service requirements were not so demanding, it can be used in the said applications.

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Li, Jianhua, Chunli Lei, Baoru Gong, Pan Cui, and Xibin Jia. "Modeling and Analysis of the Composite Stiffness for Angular Contact Ball Bearings." Shock and Vibration 2020 (November 5, 2020): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8832750.

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As a core component of the motorized spindle, the dynamic stiffness of the angular contact ball bearing directly affects the dynamic characteristics of machinery. A modified quasistatic model of the ball bearing is established considering the influences of thermal deformation, centrifugal deformation, and elastohydrodynamic lubrication (EHL). Then, the film stiffness model considering spin motion is constructed. On this basis, the composite stiffness model of the ball bearing is proposed, and the effects of different factors on dynamic characteristic parameters are investigated. The results show that different factors have different effects on the dynamic parameters. With the increase in preload, the contact stiffness and composite stiffness increase. Considering EHL, the radial contact stiffness and composite stiffness increase while the axial and angular contact stiffness and composite stiffness decrease. Considering the thermal effect and centrifugal effect, the radial contact stiffness and composite stiffness increase while the axial and angular contact stiffness and composite stiffness decrease. The film stiffness and composite stiffness increase with the consideration of the spinning motion.

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Stankiewicz, Beata. "Environmental interactions to composite elements of all-GFRP Kolding Footbridge." MATEC Web of Conferences 174 (2018): 04006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201817404006.

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Structural integrity of a composite material embraces contributions from: materials science and engineering, processing science, design and fabrication technology. It combines a number of interacting factors: the criticality of the application, the accessibility for and ability to inspect vital parts and components, the intended use including load spectrum and time, the consequences of impact, fatigue, temperature and hostile environment, the nature of inherent flaws, the constituent properties of the material system utilized, and it takes into account human factors. Glass fibre-reinforced polymer GFRP pultruded profiles have great potential in the construction industry, presenting certain advantages when compared with traditional materials, including the potentially improved durability under fluctuating levels of environmental factors. The contribution presents analysis of GFRP composite, acquired from cablestayed Fiberline Bridge exploited for 20 years in the fjord area of Kolding, Denmark. The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) experiments were performed in the GFRP composite bridge material, in order to determine the mass variation and the energy changes suffered by the materials, as a function of temperature and time. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) was allowed to detect thermal effects based on changes in the modulus or damping behavior. Tensile and flexural tests let to observe the decomposition process and had taken information of basic stress parameters of GFRP material used in Kolding Footbridge. Aforementioned analyses of durability are necessary to examine and monitoring for environmentally aged composites bridge elements.

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Xu, Geng-fu, Yuval Carmel, Tayo Olorunyolemi, Isabel K. Lloyd, and Otto C. Wilson. "Microwave sintering and properties of AlN/TiB2 composites." Journal of Materials Research 18, no. 1 (January 2003): 66–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2003.0010.

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The effect of TiB2 on the densification behavior and properties of microwave-sintered AlN/TiB2 ceramic was investigated. The densification of the composite was significantly retarded in nitrogen atmosphere due to strong nitridation of TiB2 compared to sintering in argon atmosphere. The densities of the AlN/TiB2 composites containing different amounts of TiB2 all reached 99% of the theoretical density during 2 h of sintering at 1850 and 1900 °C. Microstructure analysis revealed that the TiB2 particles were dispersed in the AlN matrix while AlN grains retained its contiguity. This microstructure led to a composite with superior properties; thermal conductivity as high as 149 W/(m K) was achieved. The microwave sintered composites are harder and tougher than pure AlN. Microwave-sintered AlN/TiB2 composite is a promising material for structural applications in which high thermal conductivity and controlled dielectric loss are important.

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Tran, Trung Thanh, Van Ke Tran, Pham Binh Le, Van Minh Phung, Van Thom Do, and Hoang Nam Nguyen. "Forced Vibration Analysis of Laminated Composite Shells Reinforced with Graphene Nanoplatelets Using Finite Element Method." Advances in Civil Engineering 2020 (January 3, 2020): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/1471037.

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This paper carries out forced vibration analysis of graphene nanoplatelet-reinforced composite laminated shells in thermal environments by employing the finite element method (FEM). Material properties including elastic modulus, specific gravity, and Poisson’s ratio are determined according to the Halpin–Tsai model. The first-order shear deformation theory (FSDT), which is based on the 8-node isoparametric element to establish the oscillation equation of shell structure, is employed in this work. We then code the computing program in the MATLAB application and examine the verification of convergence rate and reliability of the program by comparing the data of present work with those of other exact solutions. The effects of both geometric parameters and mechanical properties of materials on the forced vibration of the structure are investigated.

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Noor, A. K., and W. S. Burton. "Predictor-corrector procedures for thermal buckling analysis of multilayered composite plates." Computers & Structures 40, no. 5 (January 1991): 1071–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0045-7949(91)90380-5.

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Hegde, Sandesh Rathnavarma, and Mehdi Hojjati. "Thermally induced microcracks and mechanical property of composite honeycomb sandwich structure: Experiment and finite element analysis." Journal of Sandwich Structures & Materials 22, no. 8 (September 30, 2018): 2544–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1099636218802432.

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Microcracking in composite honeycomb sandwich structure and its effect on mechanical properties are studied in this paper. A methodology is presented to study the extent of mechanical strength degradation of composite sandwich structure, subjected to thermal fatigue. The material under study is used for spacecraft structural applications. The test coupons were exposed to thermal cycling at elevated temperature as high as +150°C inside the oven and cryogenic temperature of −190°C by dipping in liquid nitrogen, which is comparable to the thermal environment experienced by spacecraft structures. After each thermal cycle, coupons were inspected for microcracks under an optical microscope at the cross section. The microcracks were then quantified using parameters like crack length and crack density with increase in the number of cycles. Flatwise tensile test was conducted on the coupons after every 10 thermal cycles, up to 60 cycles, to make a correlation between crack density and mechanical strength. It was observed that by increasing the number of thermal cycles, the crack density increases and the flatwise tensile strength decreases up to a specific number of cycles. Finite element analysis was performed to predict the possible location of microcracks formation and compared with experimental observation. Good correlation was observed.

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Pang, C., R. Shanks, K. Ing, and F. Daver. "Plasticised cellulose acetate-natural fibre composite." World Journal of Engineering 10, no. 5 (October 1, 2013): 405–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/1708-5284.10.5.405.

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Due to positive impact on the environment, biodegradable composite materials are of growing interest. This study used cellulose acetate, a derivative of cellulose, as the matrix for its solubility and flexibility. Kenaf composites have been used in furniture, ceiling panels, and fences. The aim is to prepare composites with plasticized cellulose acetate and natural fibre. The kenaf fibres were surface treated to remove impurities, in particular, hemicellulose, wax, and lignin. Chopped kenaf was added to dissolve cellulose acetate and cast on a Petri dish. After solvent has evaporated, the composite was compression moulded. The thermal and mechanical properties of the kenaf cellulose acetate composite were characterised. From thermogravimetry, the composites were shown to be stable until moisture began evaporating. As a hydrophilic material, cellulose is sensitive to moisture. The mechanical properties of the composites were analysed under high humidity. Dynamic mechanical analysis showed that these properties changed slightly with humidity.

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Buzarovska, Aleksandra, Gordana Bogoeva-Gaceva, and Radek Fajgar. "Effect of the talc filler on structural, water vapor barrier and mechanical properties of poly(lactic acid) composites." Journal of Polymer Engineering 36, no. 2 (March 1, 2016): 181–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/polyeng-2015-0014.

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Abstract Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) based composite films with different content of talc (5–15 wt%) were prepared by the solvent casting method. The effect of talc on morphological, structural, thermal, barrier and mechanical properties of neat PLA was investigated. The PLA/talc composites revealed a polymorphic crystalline structure, as demonstrated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) study and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis. The PLA/talc composites also exhibited significantly improved barrier properties (up to 55% compared to neat PLA), as shown by water vapor permeability (WVP) tests. The puncture measurements showed improved mechanical properties at lower content of talc (up to 5 wt%), and increased brittleness of the PLA/talc composite films at higher talc concentrations.

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Song, Z. G., L. W. Zhang, and K. M. Liew. "Vibration analysis of CNT-reinforced functionally graded composite cylindrical shells in thermal environments." International Journal of Mechanical Sciences 115-116 (September 2016): 339–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2016.06.020.

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Khosravi, S., Hadi Arvin, and Y. Kiani. "Vibration analysis of rotating composite beams reinforced with carbon nanotubes in thermal environment." International Journal of Mechanical Sciences 164 (December 2019): 105187. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2019.105187.

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Gan, Wei Kang, and Nanang Fatchurrohman. "Performance of Hybrid Reinforced Metal Matrix Composite Brake Disc: Simulation Approach." Materials Science Forum 1025 (March 2021): 77–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1025.77.

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A brake disc has an significant role in the vehicle and it is used to stop or decrease the velocity of the vehicle. The demand of metal matrix composites (MMCs) is greatly increased in fabricating the brake disc since it possesses a low density and high thermal conductivity. Over-heating will lead to the malfunction of the braking system and affect the safety of vehicle. Reduced weight of brake disc can decrease the use of fuel of the vehicle thus improve the fuel usage efficiency. This paper is focussed to determine the suitability of AlSiCGr hybrid MMCs compared to cast iron in terms of thermal and structural properties for brake disc. Both design of brake discs was proposed and modelled using CATIA and then imported to ANSYS software for structural and thermal analysis. The simulation results showed that AlSiCGr hybrid MMCs brake disc has higher thermal and structural performance compared to the original cast iron brake disc.

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Aydin, Levent, Olgun Aydin, H. Seçil Artem, and Ali Mert. "Design of dimensionally stable composites using efficient global optimization method." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L: Journal of Materials: Design and Applications 233, no. 2 (August 17, 2016): 156–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1464420716664921.

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Dimensionally stable material design is an important issue for space structures such as space laser communication systems, telescopes, and satellites. Suitably designed composite materials for this purpose can meet the functional and structural requirements. In this paper, it is aimed to design the dimensionally stable laminated composites by using efficient global optimization method. For this purpose, the composite plate optimization problems have been solved for high stiffness and low coefficients of thermal and moisture expansion. Some of the results based on efficient global optimization solution have been verified by genetic algorithm, simulated annealing, and generalized pattern search solutions from the previous studies. The proposed optimization algorithm is also validated experimentally. After completing the design and optimization process, failure analysis of the optimized composites has been performed based on Tsai–Hill, Tsai–Wu, Hoffman, and Hashin–Rotem criteria.

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Liu, Zhihao, Renren Wang, Fang Cao, and Pidong Shi. "Dynamic Behaviour Analysis of Turbocharger Rotor-Shaft System in Thermal Environment Based on Finite Element Method." Shock and Vibration 2020 (August 14, 2020): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8888504.

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The stable operation of a high-speed rotating rotor-bearing system is dependent on the internal damping of its materials. In this study, the dynamic behaviours of a rotor-shaft system with internal damping composite materials under the action of a temperature field are analysed. The temperature field will increase the tangential force generated by the internal damping of the composite material. The tangential force will also increase with the rotor speed, which can destabilise the rotor-shaft system. To better understand the dynamic behaviours of the system, we introduced a finite element calculation model of a rotor-shaft system based on a 3D high-order element (Solid186) to study the turbocharger rotor-bearing system in a temperature field. The analysis was done according to the modal damping coefficient, stability limit speed, and unbalance response. The results show that accurate prediction of internal damping energy dissipation in a temperature field is crucial for accurate prediction of rotor dynamic performance. This is an important step to understand dynamic rotor stress and rotor dynamic design.

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Wang, Chang-An, Bin Long, Wei Lin, Yong Huang, and Jialin Sun. "Poly(amic acid)–clay nacrelike composites prepared by electrophoretic deposition." Journal of Materials Research 23, no. 6 (June 2008): 1706–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2008.0209.

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Poly(amic acid) (PAA)–clay nacrelike composite films have been prepared by electrophoretic deposition of an emulsion of PAA, which was synthesized from pyromellitic dianhydride and 4,4′-dianminodiphenyl ether (ODA), containing various loadings of ODA-modified montmorillonite (MMT). The layered silicate was intercalated through reacting with PAA, and the ordered layered assembly of the PAA–MMT composite films was successfully accomplished, as conformed by Fourier transform infrared analysis and x-ray diffraction. The structural characterization of the films was supported by scanning electron microscopy, which displayed an ordered layered structure. The thermogravimetric analysis showed the content of the ODA-modified clay in PAA–MMT composite films that changed from 14.3 to 32.1 wt% and the improved thermal properties of the composite films. The mechanical properties of the composites were measured by tensile test. It was found that the modulus and strength of the composite films were greatly improved compared to those of the pure polymer film. An increment of about 155% in the modulus and 40% in the tensile strength were obtained from the composite films.

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Nejati, Mohammad, Keramat Malekzadeh Fard, Amirhossein Eslampanah, and Seyed Sajad Jafari. "Free Vibration Analysis of Reinforced Composite Functionally Graded Plates with Steady State Thermal Conditions." Latin American Journal of Solids and Structures 14, no. 5 (June 2017): 886–905. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1679-78253705.

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Chelliah, A., Shaik Saboor, Aritra Ghosh, and Karolos J. Kontoleon. "Thermal Behaviour Analysis and Cost-Saving Opportunities of PCM-Integrated Terracotta Brick Buildings." Advances in Civil Engineering 2021 (February 5, 2021): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6670930.

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Buildings contribute greatly to global energy use and consumption. The energy consumption of buildings is significant due to the integration of heating, ventilation, and cooling systems. Evidently, the utilization of phase change materials (PCMs) in building design can adequately reduce air-conditioning costs of buildings by diminishing external heat gains and losses. Moreover, the adoption of natural, eco-friendly, and cost-effective materials, such as terracotta bricks, can be valuable from an environmental point of view. This paper intends to assess the air-conditioning cost-saving potential of several PCM stuffed terracotta brick configurations. In that respect, the encapsulated PCMs were filled in the hollows of terracotta bricks. For the aims of this study, five different types of PCMs were considered, in relation to the thermophysical properties of their solid and liquid state (OM18: organic mixture, HS22: hydrated salt, OM29, OM32, and OM37). In addition, three PCM-stuffed terracotta brick configurations were examined with reference to the number of the PCM layers (PCMTB-A with one PCM layer, PCMTB-B with two PCM layers, and PCMTB-C with three PCM layers). Therefore, fifteen PCM-stuffed terracotta brick configurations were analysed numerically, related to environmental conditions that refer to two different scenarios in India (hot dry and composite climates). Results have unveiled that the OM32 PCM assemblies have shown better thermoeconomic performance compared to the other types of PCM. With respect to the most advantageous number of PCM layers, the evidence of this analysis has exposed that the PCMTB-C case has shown the highest annual air-conditioning cost-savings and the highest yearly carbon emission mitigations in both climates (Ahmedabad and Lucknow). In hot-dry climates, the PCMTB-C with OM32 PCM exhibited the highest annual air-conditioning cost-saving ($ 74.7), the highest annual carbon emission mitigation (1.43 ton/kWh), and the moderate payback period (22.5 years) compared to the other cases. To conclude, the findings of this study suggest a suitable way to improve the decision-making process of building design, while bridging the performance gap in terms of energy efficiency and sustainability.

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Mahroug, Imane, Stefania Doppiu, Jean-Luc Dauvergne, Angel Serrano, and Elena Palomo del Barrio. "Li4(OH)3Br-Based Shape Stabilized Composites for High-Temperature TES Applications: Selection of the Most Convenient Supporting Material." Nanomaterials 11, no. 5 (May 13, 2021): 1279. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11051279.

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Peritectic compound Li4(OH)3Br has been recently proposed as phase change material (PCM) for thermal energy storage (TES) applications at approx. 300 °C Compared to competitor PCM materials (e.g., sodium nitrate), the main assets of this compound are high volumetric latent heat storage capacity (>140 kWh/m3) and very low volume changes (<3%) during peritectic reaction and melting. The objective of the present work was to find proper supporting materials able to shape stabilize Li4(OH)3Br during the formation of the melt and after its complete melting, avoiding any leakage and thus obtaining a composite apparently always in the solid state during the charge and discharge of the TES material. Micro-nanoparticles of MgO, Fe2O3, CuO, SiO2 and Al2O3 have been considered as candidate supporting materials combined with the cold-compression route for shape-stabilized composites preparation. The work carried out allowed for the identification of the most promising composite based on MgO nanoparticles through a deep experimental analysis and characterization, including chemical compatibility tests, anti-leakage performance evaluation, structural and thermodynamic properties analysis and preliminary cycling stability study.

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Zhen, Wu, and Lin Kun. "Efficient C0 Finite Element Formulation for Thermal Stress Analysis of Laminated Composite and Sandwich Plates." Journal of Aerospace Engineering 28, no. 4 (July 2015): 04014113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)as.1943-5525.0000450.

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Zhou, Kai, Zhen Ni, Xiuchang Huang, and Hongxing Hua. "Stationary/nonstationary stochastic response analysis of composite laminated plates with aerodynamic and thermal loads." International Journal of Mechanical Sciences 173 (May 2020): 105461. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2020.105461.

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Yang, Xiaohu, Qingsong Bai, Qunli Zhang, Wenju Hu, Liwen Jin, and Jinyue Yan. "Thermal and economic analysis of charging and discharging characteristics of composite phase change materials for cold storage." Applied Energy 225 (September 2018): 585–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.05.063.

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Filatov, Vladimir V., Bulat F. Kuzhin, and Thi Linh Quyen Hoang. "The analysis of a free two-layer composite beamon the elastic foundation." Vestnik MGSU, no. 12 (December 2020): 1685–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.22227/1997-0935.2020.12.1685-1692.

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Abstract Introduction. This article offers a methodology for the analysis of a two-layer composite beam on an elastic foundation that represents a one-parameter Winkler model. The behaviour of two-layer beams is described by A.R. Rzhanitsyn in his theory of composite rods that have rigid transverse and elastic-yielding longitudinal connections between layers. The theory of composite rods allows to study the stress-strain state (SSS) of multilayer foundation beams, having a layer featuring low thermal conductivity, and perforated beams. Materials and methods. However, analytical solutions to these problems involve certain difficulties; therefore, they are often inapplicable. We propose to apply a numerical method, a method of successive approximations (MSA), developed by professor R.F. Gabbasov at the Department of structural and theoretical mechanics of the Moscow State University of Civil Engineering. MSA has proven to be an effective and highly accurate method designated for analyzing static/dynamic loads, applied to beams, slabs and shells, and for making stability calculations. The difference-based variation of the MSA method has a number of advantages over difference equations of the “classical” finite difference method (FDM). The proposed methodology allows to take into account various types of boundary conditions without involving contour points. Сoncentrated forces, concentrated moments, and piecewise distributed loads can be taken into account as loading types. The article describes a problem solving algorithm. The system of initial differential equations is solved using difference analogs. Typical difference equations for regular and boundary points are provided. Results. The analysis of a composite free-lying beam on an elastic foundation illustrates the proposed approach. The qua-lity of the analysis results is controlled by performing a numerical study of the solution convergence using several nested meshes. Conclusions. The proposed method can be used in the engineering practice of design organizations and the educational process of higher educational institutions training civil engineering specialists.

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Chen, L. W., and L. Y. Chen. "Thermal deformation and stress analysis of composite laminated plates by finite element method." Computers & Structures 35, no. 1 (January 1990): 41–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0045-7949(90)90254-y.

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Khalili, Pooria, Xiao Ling Liu, Kim Yeow Tshai, Ing Kong, Chris Rudd, and Xiao Su Yi. "The effects of microcrystalline cellulose on the flammability and thermal behaviours of flame retarded natural fibre epoxy composite." World Journal of Engineering 16, no. 3 (June 10, 2019): 363–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/wje-08-2018-0291.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to fabricate and characterize the natural fibre (NF) reinforced epoxy composites containing flame retardants (FRs) and microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) in terms of flammability, thermal properties and dynamic mechanical performances. Design/methodology/approach The FRs used in this study were ammonium polyphosphate and alumina trihydrate. Findings The results demonstrated that the addition of MCC particles into the flame retardant composite (control) further enhanced the self-extinguishing properties of composites, in particular, the burn length. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that the mass residue improved with every addition of MCC particles at 700 °C. For instance, the residual weight enhanced from 28.4 Wt.% to 33 Wt.% for the control and the composite with 7 Wt.% MCCs, respectively. As obtained from the dynamic mechanical analysis, the glass transition temperature of composites increased upon increasing inclusion of MCC particles. For example, this parameter was 77.1 °C and 86.8 °C for the control and composite loaded with 7 Wt.% MCC, respectively. Originality/value Thus, the combination of MCC and FR had been proved to be a promising flame retardant system for NF reinforced epoxy.

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Faqir, M., J. W. Pomeroy, T. Batten, T. Mrotzek, S. Knippscheer, O. Vendier, S. Rochette, et al. "Reliability Assessment of a New Power Electronics Packaging Material: Silver Diamond Composite." Journal of Microelectronics and Electronic Packaging 10, no. 2 (April 1, 2013): 54–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/imaps.371.

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A reliability analysis of silver diamond composites in terms of both thermal and mechanical properties is presented. This new material is an attractive solution for power electronics packaging, because an improvement of 50% in terms of thermal management and channel temperature can be obtained when using silver diamond composites as a base plate in packages compared with the more traditionally used materials such as CuW. However, to date, little is known about the reliability of this new material, such as changes induced in its properties by thermal cycling. Assessment of the reliability of silver diamond composites is the aim of this work. Samples were submitted to 10 thermal cycles from room temperature to 350°C, and subsequently, a further 500 cycles of thermal shock as well as thermal cycling from −55°C to 125°C following typical standards used in space and military applications. In the worst-case scenario, thermal conductivity only decreased from 830 W/m·K to ∼700 W/m·K. An increase in the coefficient of thermal expansion and a change in diamond stress, were also observed after thermal cycling. Some structural modifications at the silver-diamond interface were found to be the underlying reason for the observed material properties change. These structural changes take place after the initial thermal cycling, and are constant thereafter. Changes found in thermal properties are satisfactory for enabling a significant improvement to standard CuW packaging materials.

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Shah, Vyom, Darshita Shah, and Dhaval B. Shah. "Thermo-Mechanical Analysis of Functionally Graded Material Plate under Transverse Loading for Varying Volume Gradation." Advanced Materials Research 1155 (August 2019): 81–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1155.81.

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Functionally graded material (FGM) has a unique design in which material properties vary smoothly and continuously which leads to having better thermal and mechanical performance. Functionally graded material has a wide area of application from the pressure vessel to aerospace due to its tailoring properties. The main emphasis has been made here, to present a structural mechanical and steady-state thermal analysis of functionally graded flat plate made up of aluminum and ceramic. The flat plate is subjected to various boundary and loading condition. Material properties of FGM is calculated across the thickness using power law with the help of MATLAB programming. An analysis is performed for various volume gradation using MACROS in ANSYS APDL. The analysis results for functionally graded materials are compared with a composite sandwich plate for the same boundary conditions. It was found that von-Mises stress generated in FGM is 14.6% less than compared to sandwich structure, the stress in x and y-direction is 16.5% less, XY-Shear is 13.5% less and deflection is 33% less than a sandwich plate of aluminum and ceramic.

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Roh, Jin-Ho, Il-Kwon Oh, Seung-Man Yang, Jae-Hung Han, and In Lee. "Thermal post-buckling analysis of shape memory alloy hybrid composite shell panels." Smart Materials and Structures 13, no. 6 (October 7, 2004): 1337–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/13/6/006.

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Biswal, D. K., D. Bandopadhya, and S. K. Dwivedy. "Electro-mechanical and thermal characteristics of silver-electroded ionic polymer–metal composite actuator." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 226, no. 6 (October 26, 2011): 1427–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406211424979.

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The proposed work is in line with the evaluation of electro-mechanical and thermal characteristics of silver-electroded ionic polymer–metal composite (IPMC). IPMCs are fabricated first using Nafion-117 as base polymer and non-precious metal silver as surface electrode by chemical decomposition method. Several testings are performed on fabricated IPMC to evaluate its thermo-mechanical and micro-structural properties. The characteristics of the electrode layer and deposited particles on IPMC surface are studied using scanning electron microscope. The bending experiment of the actuator is conducted by applying direct current potential and the tip displacement measured. Thermo-gravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry test are carried out, and thermal stability of the actuator is investigated. The crystal structure of IPMC is investigated by X-ray diffraction analysis. Micro-tensile test of the specimen is carried out to ascertain the stress–strain relationship and comparison is made with the base polymer, Nafion. The experimental investigations, characterization, and performance of the IPMC demonstrate its effectiveness to be used as actuator and artificial muscle materials.

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A, Karthick. "Temperature Distribution Analysis of Composite Heat Sink (Pin Fin) by Experimental and Finite Element Method." Journal of Manufacturing Engineering 16, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 018–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.37255/jme.v16i1pp018-023.

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Design of machine components plays a vital role in the field of Engineering where it includes the shape of component, size, applied loads, position and materials used. Due to the applied loads namely static, thermal and combined loads etc., the component undergoes stresses and deformations which affect the life of component and also the system. The Finite Element Method (FEM) is a numerical tool used for solving problems of engineering and mathematical problems in the fields of structural analysis, heat transfer, fluid flow, mass transport etc., For problems involving complicated geometries, loadings and material properties, it is generally not possible to obtain analytical solutions. These solutions generally require the ordinary or partial differential equations. Because of the complicated geometries, loadings and material properties, the solution can’t be obtained easily. So, in FEM the complicated shape of the component is divided in to small entities called elements. Element characteristics are studied and then all the elements are combined to make a single system of component. In the present work, Experiments have been conducted to find the temperature distribution within the pin fin made of composite metals and steady state heat transfer analysis has been carried using a finite element software ANSYS to test and validate results. The temperature distribution at different regions of pin fin are evaluated by FEM and compared with the results obtained by experimental work. The results are in good agreement and thus validated.

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Aniol, A., T. Grosse, F. Fischer, and S. Böhm. "Evaluation of adhesion properties of lignin-epoxy adhesives in structural wood applications for automotive components." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering 234, no. 5 (February 19, 2020): 511–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954408920907407.

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The use of sustainable hybrid components is an important topic in lightweight automotive applications. Wood being a renewable material, when used in combination with other materials such as technical polymers, offers a high potential for producing hybrid components and the implementation of innovative lightweight automotive materials. The feasibility of wood-based hybrid automotive components strongly depends on the properties of the interface between wood, lignin as a renewable coupling agent, and technical polymers. This paper investigates the macromolecular reactions and the bonding area in biobased epoxy adhesives for a specific influence on the performance of structural automotive wood components. Therefore, a typical bisphenol A diglycidyl ether epoxy adhesive was modified with lignosulphonate to increase the penetration depth. The composites were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis coupled with Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy to validate the crosslinking of the macromolecules and the thermal stability of the adhesive. In the next step, a layer-by-layer composite was built up with the biobased adhesive and 1 mm beech veneer. The bonding area was characterized by scanning electron microscopy and compression tests.

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Sharma, Nitin, Trupti Ranjan Mahapatra, Subrata Kumar Panda, and Pankaj Katariya. "Thermo-acoustic analysis of higher-order shear deformable laminated composite sandwich flat panel." Journal of Sandwich Structures & Materials 22, no. 5 (June 27, 2018): 1357–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1099636218784846.

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The acoustic radiation responses of laminated sandwich baffled flat panels subjected to harmonic loading in an elevated thermal environment are investigated via a novel coupled finite and boundary elements formulation based on the higher-order shear deformation shell theory. The structural stiffness and mass tensors are obtained using competent finite element steps engaging the Hamilton’s principle followed by computation of acoustic responses by resolving the Helmholtz partial differential equation. An in-house MATLAB code is developed based on the present formulation for the computation of all the desired responses. The accuracy and robustness of the present scheme are recognized by the close conformance of the critical buckling temperature, natural frequencies and the sound power level values with the available benchmark solutions alongside the values obtained via a simulation model implemented using commercially available finite element (ANSYS) and boundary element (LMS Virtual.Lab) packages. Subsequently, the present model is employed to solve wide variety of numerical illustrations and the useful inferences related to the influence of elevated temperature, core-to-face thickness ratio, core-to face modular ratio and lay-up scheme on the sound emission characteristics of sandwich composite flat panels are deliberated in detail.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Composite materials. Structural analysis (Engineering) Thermal analysis'

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