Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Composite polymère conducteur'
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Fraichard, Lucie. "Nanotalcs fonctionnalisés vers de nouveaux composites conducteurs." Toulouse 3, 2012. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/2614/.
Full textElaboration of multifunctional composites is a subject currently booming in materials science. The aim is to combine the respective physical or chemical properties of two or more materials. Our purpose is to get multifunctional fillers with mechanical (reinforcement, lubricant, thermal insulation) and conductive properties. Because it combines these mechanical and lubricant properties, natural talc is currently used as filler, coating or dusting agent in paints, lubricants, plastics, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and ceramics. However, its hydrophobic and inert nature is a limitation for certain uses which involved chemical reactions. That is why it is important to improve its surface properties. An alternative is to obtain by hydrothermal synthesis, a range of talc-like phyllosilicates with well-defined chemical composition, high purity, submicronic size and which contain a larger amount of hydrophilic sites. Natural talcs and talc-like phyllosilicates are modified with a conductive polymer, the polypyrrole and with carbon nanotubes to obtain conductive properties. The introduction of these conductive fillers in a low-density polyethylene matrix by extrusion has allowed us to demonstrate that the mechanical properties of the matrix are maintained and its conductive properties are quite improved. These composites may be used as sensors or antistatic parts
Thevenot, Sylvain. "Caractérisation & modélisation numérique du comportement chémo-et thermo-résistif en sorption-désorption d'un Composite Polymère Conducteur." Lorient, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LORIS253.
Full textThe aim of this work is to improve the understanding of the electrical response of chemo-resistive CPC sensors. EEA-37% CNP was chosen as model system due to its thermoplastic elastomer matrix filled with carbon nanoparticles. In a first step, the use a thin CPC transducers has allowed to demonstrate their good sensing performances for the quantification of barrier effect towards toluene vapour diffusion of montmorillonite platelets filled poly(amide 12) films. A specific experiment was created to study multi-physics phenomena induced in a flat sheet of CPC exposed to a VOC. The simultaneous monitoring of the behaviour of mass, temperature, volume and resistance has produced innovative results to be used to validate the numerical models developed subsequently. Specific experiments established a mathematical relation between solvent concentration and electrical resistivity. The development of a one-dimensional numerical model was found useful to interpret time lags and amplitudes of resistance variations through the visualisation of current densities depending on concentration gradients
Dessertenne, Estelle. "Matériaux solide conducteur thermodurcissable : Application aux plaques bipolaires pour pile à combustible." Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00808869.
Full textBedel, Vincent. "Mise en oeuvre et optimisation d'un revêtement conducteur poly(époxy) : fils submicroniques d'argent pour la protection foudre de structures aéronautiques." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU30144/document.
Full textThis work deals with the processing and the study of an extrinsic conductive polymer coating for the lightning strike protection of the aircraft carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) structural parts. The coating consist in a low viscosity bi component high performance poly(epoxy) matrix and silver submicronic wires with a high aspect ratio (AgNWs) obtained by a polyol process. The kinetic parameters, the physical structure and the molecular mobility of the matrix had been investigated as a function of the filler content. The surface and bulk conductivities had been measured as a function of filler content. It exhibits a percolation threshold below 1% in volume. The conduction mechanisms had been studied following an uncommon method of current density measurement as a function of the AgNWs content and the temperature. The critical electrical behaviour of each sample had been investigated through the current density method. It has permitted to understand the phenomenon responsible for the composite's degradation. Finally, lightning strike tests on representative configurations had been carried out. The ultrasonic inspections have highlighted the efficiency of the poly(epoxy)/AgNWs coating to avoid the structural delamination of the CFRP
Noël, Vincent. "Phénomènes de relaxation et réactivité interfaciale d' électrodes modifiées par un film de poly (3,4-éthylénedioxythiophène) électropolymérisé." Paris 7, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA077218.
Full textGloaguen, François. "Etude et développement de plaques composites bipolaires pour piles à combustible." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00961189.
Full textGilormini, Pascal. "Contribution à la modélisation de la permittivité diélectrique de matériaux composites absorbants aux ondes hyperfréquences : lois de mélange, lois de changement d'échelle et équations du milieu effectif généralisé." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1995. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL_T_1995_GILORMINI_P.pdf.
Full textNguyen, Tuan Anh. "Protection du fer par les polymères conducteurs polyaniline et composite (polyaniline - poly 1,5 - diaminonaphtalène) : électropolymérisation : étude du mécanisme de protection par les mesures électrochimiques locales." Paris 7, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA077131.
Full textRoncali, Jean. "Polymères organiques conducteurs fonctionnalisés." Paris 13, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA132014.
Full textVanga, Bouanga Christele. "Elaboration et caractérisation de composites polymères conducteurs." Le Mans, 2010. http://cyberdoc.univ-lemans.fr/theses/2010/2010LEMA1015.pdf.
Full textThis work concerns the preparation and characterization of conducting composite materials based on polyaniline (PANI). Two types of conducting composite have been developed : the surface conducting composite films and bulk conductiing composites in powder form. The composites were obtained by in-situ polymerization of aniline in polymer matrix preliminarily swelled with monomer (aniline). The volume conducting composites based on PANI and polyamide (PA-11 and PA-12) were prepared with different types of acid and with aniline percentage ranging from 0. 1 wt. % to 8 wt. %. It was shown that the electrical conductivity of composite increases with increasing of the PANI percentage. It was found that such preparation method allowed obtaining the composites with low percolation threshold (0. 4 wt. %). The surface conducting composites were obtained for the polyurethane (PU) films and polyamide-6 (PA-6) films. The study of swelling kinetics of PU and PA-6 in aniline have showed that the maximum swelling degree for these films is 25 wt. % and 16 wt. % of aniline, respectively. In order to study the influence of the PANI content on the electrical and dielectric properties, the composite films were prepared with different percentages of aniline (from 0. 5 to 22 wt,%). The performed dielectric measurements as a function temperature and frequency have shown that the properties of the composite films are close to those of the pure polymer matrix for low percentages of PANI (up to 1,5 wt. %). For the composite films with aniline content higher than 1. 5 wt. % thé doping process leads to the appearance of the interfacial relaxation process assigned to the double layered composite structure. Indeed as it was found by Raman spectrometry the surface composite consists of two layers - one is the pure polymer matrix and the other one is the layer containing clusters of conducting PANI. The obtained dielectric spectra are well described by a model based on effective medium theory of Maxwell-Wagner-Hanai by taking into accout the double-layered structure of films and the distribution of core-shell particles of PANI in the composite layer. A good agreement between experimental data and those of the model was found. The obtained conducting composite Systems (surface and volume composites) due to their conductivity value (~10-3 S/cm) and to their ability to change color depending on the oxidation state of PANI can be used in gas sensors, as anticorrosion materials and anti-static coatings
Lonjon, Antoine. "Nanocomposite conducteur polymère - nanofils métalliques : élaboration et analyse des propriétés physiques." Toulouse 3, 2010. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1346/.
Full textThis work shows the elaboration of electrical conductive nanocomposites polymer/metallic nanowires, low filled to preserve the mechanical properties of the polymer matrix. Conductive metallic nanowires were performed with different kind of metals. These conductive nanowires are inserted into an electrical insulator thermoplastic matrix P(VDF-TrFE). The mechanical properties are maintained for filler content below 5 % vol. Above the percolation threshold (0. 75 % volume) the conductive nanocomposites reach a value of electrical conductivity near 10² S/m. The influence of the aspect ratio, metal, crystallinity and process are discussed to interpret the values observed
Kohut-Svelko, Nicolas. "Synthèse et caractérisation de nanocomposites à base d’un polymère conducteur : la polyaniline." Pau, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PAUU3041.
Full textPolyaniline (PANi) is an intrinsically conducting polymer which exhibits chemical and environmental stability. However like most of this polymer family, it suffers from poor processability due to its insolubility and infusibility. In order to overcome this obstacle, different strategies were attempted and PANi colloids synthesis is one of them. This work was carried out in order to try to improve the problems of use of this polymer. In a first stage, aniline was polymerized by oxidizing way in the presence of surfactant which can, from their characteristics, to improve the properties of conducting polymer. From the conductive properties and the medium stability, two surfactants have been selected. The first one is a nonylphenolethoxylate and insures a good medium stability. The second one contains an amide group which creates H-bond with the PANi backbone and enhances the conductivity. Another method consists in synthesizing latexes covered by a thin layer with conducting polymer (PC). Various submicron-scale PANi based core/shell have been synthesized mediated by non-ionic surfactants. In this case, the morphology of the particles could be controlled and the mechanical properties were made possible by varying the nature of the core (thermoplastics, elastomers, and water-soluble. ). This simple synthesis allows forming conducting composites under “soft” conditions, easily transposable at the industrial level
Nishikitani, Yoshinori. "Polymères et oligomères conducteurs : matériaux pour l'électronique." Paris 13, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA132005.
Full textEhui, Bernadette. "Electrosynthèse, caractérisation électrochimique et physico-chimique de composites polymères conducteurs électroniques/nafion (un ionomère)." Grenoble 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989GRE10074.
Full textAntar, Zied. "Éco-composites polymères conducteurs (CPC) pour la production d'énergie renouvelable." Lorient, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LORIS283.
Full textOwing to the finite supply of fossil fuels and the negative public opinion surrounding nuclear energy, alternative energy resources are the subject of considerable research on a global scale. The aim of this work is to develop a Conductive Polymer Composite for energy harvesting and storage. The first part of this work was dedicated to the development of solar absorber. In fact, CPCs were prepared by melt processing where conductive fillers (graphite and/or carbon nanotubes) were dispersed in an insulate polymer matrix (PLA and PA12). Indeed, thermo-optical properties were measured and the durability of the CPC was checked by controlling the evolution of their mechanical properties during a weathering test. In a second step, CPC with good thermoelectric power were prepared using two routes: melt blending process and solution in-situ polymerization. Various formulations have been tried and some rather interesting results were obtained by recording encouraging values of figure of merit ZT
Droval, Guillaume. "Élaboration et caractérisation de composites polymères conducteurs électrique et thermique." Lorient, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006LORIS068.
Full textFocusing on further application in the field of ohmic heating, the aim of this work is to improve the thermal conductivity of heating systems (based on biphasic conductive polymer composites (CPC) – immiscible blend) without significantly altering electrical properties to ensure that the temperature gradient within the material decreases since that could, in a long run, damage the system. The applied approach allowed to study and control in an independent way the thermo-physical properties of each phase: an electrically conductive phase (high density polyethylene (HDPE) matrix with carbon black (CB) fillers) and a thermally conductive phase (syndiotactic polystyrene (sPS) matrix filled with various thermal micro particles such as aluminium oxide (Al2O3), aluminium nitride (AlN), talc or even boron nitride (BN) among others). The novel feature obtained from this study is the synergy of the electrical and thermal properties of the two phases. These new formulas maintain a self regulating capability (increase of the electrical resistivity as the temperature rises (Positive Temperature Coefficient – PTC effect) and double the heat dissipation. Finally, the thermo-electrical behaviour of optimized CPC in working process has been studied through experimental data and simulation models on benchmarks of pilot tests. These results are fully satisfying in the purpose of developing and designing these materials as self regulating heating elements
Iglesias, Sophie. "Composites conducteurs polymères hautement déformables pour la récupération d’énergie houlomotrice." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSEI034/document.
Full textThis PhD work presents the development of stretchable electrodes for wave energy harvesting. Indeed, it is possible to convert the mechanical energy of the waves into electricity thanks to a flexible system based on electroactive polymer (EAP) technology. As EAPs have the ability to deform under electrical stimuli, deformable conductive materials are needed. In this study, the chosen EAP is a silicone elastomer. Composites formulated with silicone elastomer matrix filled with carbonaceous conductive particles (graphite, graphite nanoplatelets and carbon nanotubes) were thus developed. Two mixing methods, by melt compounding, have been explored. The first uses a planetary mixer, and the second uses a three roll-mill. The influence of the mixing method, the nature of the fillers and the filler rate on the electrical properties of the composites has been analyzed. The morphology, as well as the percolation and the conduction mechanisms have been studied. The tensile properties of the composites were also analyzed. Finally, the electromechanical coupled properties of the most promising composites were tested, allowing us to propose a formulation as a stretchable electrode
MAKHLOUKI, MOHAMED, and Alain Bonnet. "Contribution a l'etude experimentale et theorique des proprietes de transport de composites de polymeres conducteurs : pva-ppy." Nantes, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991NANT2072.
Full textTassel, Xavier. "Compréhension du mode de fonctionnement des câbles auto-régulants, en fonction de leur matrice et des conditions de mise en oeuvre, et amélioration de leur tenue au vieillissement." Lorient, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002LORIS013.
Full textThis work speaks about self-regulating heating cable which are product with polymers filled with carbon black. These cable are : in floor (heat building), on pipes (heat tracing : froze protection). ACOME use an acrylic copolymer filled with carbon black for the first application. We have found that their physical and chemical properties are closely connected to the variation of their electrical properties with the temperature. The knowledge of this product and its application have allowed to cancel one step of the process called irradiation by electron-beam, which occurs a cost reduction. For the second application ACOME use a conductive polymer blends with carbon black. We've worked on the different step of the process (compound, extrusion, velocity. . . ) to know their influence on the electrical properties. The definition of several new conductive polymer filled with carbon black and process conditions have occured production of cable with different power, good ageing and more competitive price
SAMIR, FATIMA. "Synthese et caracterisation de nouveaux composites de polymere conducteur : polystyrene-polybithiophene (pst-pbth)." Nantes, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994NANT2088.
Full textDiebold, Morgane. "Systèmes composites organogélateurs/polymères semi-conducteurs : de la preuve conceptuelle aux matériaux nanostructurés pour l'électronique plastique." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018STRAE002.
Full textImproving the performances of organic photovoltaic devices requires morphology control of the active layers. Highly nanostructured donor-acceptor bulk heterojunctions were prepared by heterogeneous nucleation of poly (3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT, donor) on naphthalene diimide organogelators fibers (NDI, acceptor). The first part of this work was dedicated to the self-assembly of NDI-core organogelators substituted by amide groups and trialkoxyphenyls dendrons. We evaluated the influence of the flexible chain between the naphthalene core and the amide groups (2 C-C bonds for NDI2 and 4 for NDI4) on the physico-chemical properties of the organogelators.The second part of this work focused on the polymorphism of NDI2 with identification of four different polymorphs with their optical, spectroscopic and structural signatures. A phase diagram of NDI2 in the solid state was determined. The last part of this manuscript concerns the fabrication of donor-acceptor nano-composites between NDI organogelators and P3HT. The formation process in solution of these nano-composites was analyzed by following the crystallization kinetics of P3HT by UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy and the thin film morphology (shish-kebab structures) by transmission electron microscopy. The nucleating effect of various organogelators on P3HT was demonstrated. Solar cells were made from the composites P3HT:PCBM : organogelator and their energetic conversion yield was shown to be increased in the presence of organogelators
Saint-Aubin, Karell. "Etude de dispersions de nanotubes de carbone par des polymères pour l’élaboration de composites conducteurs et structurés." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BOR14021/document.
Full textThis thesis deals with the study of carbon nanotube dispersions by polymers, the processing of composite films and the study of their mechanical and electrical properties. The first part of the work focuses on the use of poly(acrylic) acid (PAA), which proves to be an excellent dispersing agent in water. A study of the interactions between the PAA and the nanotubes is realised, tuned by the pH conditions. The fabrication of composite films, for future applications in the field of conductive inks and paints, shows that a fine control of the PAA adsorption and the dispersion stability allows the formation of homogeneous and conductive composites. In a second part, nanotube composites are elaborated from a block copolymer, the SBM, well-known for its remarkable self organization properties. Interestingly, the copolymer is at the same time the nanotube dispersing agent in the solvent and the structuring matrix of the final composite. This thesis shows that the copolymer structure, which strongly depends on the solvent used, influences the mechanical properties of composite films, and that the addition of nanotubes noticeably improves the performances
Salhi, Fouad. "Les tétrathiapentalènes disubstitués : nouvelle classe d'hétérocycles soufrés pour l'obtention de polymères conducteurs à motifs TTF." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999GRE10034.
Full textNag, Chowdhury Suvam. "Conductive Polymer nanoComposite Quantum Resistive strain Sensors for structural composites damage monitoring." Thesis, Lorient, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORIS343.
Full textA new type of carbon nanotubes based Quantum Resistive Strain sensor (QRS sensor) for structural health monitoring (SHM) has been developed directly on glass fibers' surface via spray layer by layer (slbl) technique. The response of similar transducers was investigated under varying static and dynamic sollicitations. Different strategies of piezo-resistive sensing in GFRP are compared in terms of efficiency to follow mechanical solicitations and damages in both elastic and plastic demains. The results demonstrate that the sensors' output retains ail static and dynamic features of the input thus providing useful information for SHM and further can be extended for composite parts with large dimensions, to probe local stress/strain concentrations and facilitate the simulation of these critical areas. The electrical responses of QRS combined with those of the acoustic emission (AE) technique and microscopy have allowed investigating damage initiation and propagation in laminated composites. Based on the results obtained in this study, the investigated QRS can be considered as real time in situ non strongly invasive sensors which appear to be suitable for performing dynamic measurements in structural engineering applications
Sixou, Bruno. "Proprietes de transport dans les polymeres conducteurs electroniques." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996GRE10271.
Full textKhaokong, Chuanpit. "Elaboration of electronic conductor composite materials : study of physical and electronic properties." Le Mans, 2008. http://cyberdoc.univ-lemans.fr/theses/2008/2008LEMA1018.pdf.
Full textThe hydroxytelechelic oligoisoprene was synthesized according to well-controlled degradation procedure which has been recently developed in our laboratory, followed by the reduction of carbonyltelechelic cis-1,4-polyisoprene (CTPI) into hydroxytelechelic cis-1,4-polyisoprene (HTPI). Telechelic oligomers were characterized by FTIR, 1H-, 13C-NMR and SEC. Linear and crosslinked polyurethane films were synthesized from hydroxytelechelic cis-1,4-polyisoprene and diisocyanates or triisocyanates using dibutyltin dilaurate as catalyst. The modification of main chain by epoxidation or hydrogenation allows us to modify the properties of films. In this work, we have studied the possibility to use these kinds of polyurethanes as the polyelectrolyte matrix. The incorporation of ionic liquids, 1-butyl-ÿ3-metylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate and trihexyltetradecylphosphonium chloride, in polymer films was done and the conductivity of films was measured by dielectric relaxation spectroscopy. The presence of epoxidation in the main chain of polyurethane allows us to incorporate more amount of ionic liquid in film. Type of ionic liquid has an effect on the compatibility and properties of polyurethane films. The thermal properties of films were determined by DSC and TGA. Moreover, the polyurethane films were used as supporting matrix in an electropolymerization of a conducting polymer. By this method, we can prepare the precise polyaniline spot according to the electrode on the polyurethane film support. In addition, new type chain extender containing pyrrole monomer unit was synthesized. Its structure was confirmed by NMR, mass spectroscopy and elemental analysis. Polyurethanes using this pyrrole derivative chain extender were prepared and the thermal properties were investigated. Finally, the electropolymerization of pyrrole unit in polyurethane structure was performed
Bouvrée, Audrey. "Développement de composites polymères conducteurs (CPC) en couches minces pour la détection de vapeurs." Lorient, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007LORIS108.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to develop new Conductive Polymer Composites in thin layer with chemo-electric properties for solvent sensing. The first chapter is a literature review to introduce and present CPCs. The percolation and vapor sensing principles are discussed. The solvent diffusion in a polymer matrix is also addressed in order to identify what are the phenomena responsible for sensing. Finally, a presentation of different applications for CPCs. The second chapter is a literature review and deals with the structuration of the conductive nanoparticles network in thin layers. The third chapter is devoted to materials and techniques used in the preparation and characterisation of CPCs. The fourth chapter presents the preparation, morphological and chemo-electrical characterisations of thin layers of microstructured CPCs-based carbon nanoparticles. The final chapter presents the preparation and characterization of nanostructured CPCs-based gold nanoparticles
Malnoë, Thomas. "Développement et caractérisation de condensateurs nano-composites à base de tantale." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016REN1S079.
Full textThe development of conducting polymers, especially in terms of environmental stability, has allowed them to be used in electronic devices for high value applications. That's why tantalum capacitors initially based on MnO2 cathode technology have been improved by the replacement of it with a conducting polymer. Tantalum-polymer capacitors consist of a sintered tantalum anode, an anodic tantalum oxide film as a dielectric, and a conductive polymer cathode made of poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT). Until recently, those capacitors have been optimized only for low capacities by in situ polymerization. The next step is to reach higher capacities using an impregnated conductive polymer. Our work focused on the characterization and fabrication of capacitors. The main study focused on the characterization of each part of the tantalum-polymer capacitor via physico-chemical investigations. We studied the microstructure of the tantalum network and the properties of the commercial polymer solution to determine parameters for the dip-coating of tantalum anodes. This laboratory characterization is complemented by an assessment of the electrical performances of samples within the company. All this work has contributed to a new range of tantalum-polymer capacitors by Exxelia Tantalum Company. At the same time, a study has been performed in the synthesis of a new pair of polymers in order to replace the commercial polymer
Fournier, Jérôme. "Contribution à l'étude des matériaux composites conducteurs à matrice époxyde : application à la non linéarité électrique." Lyon 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LYO10336.
Full textGningue, Diariatou. "Protection de photoelectrodes semiconductrices par des composites a base de polymeres organiques conducteurs." Paris 6, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA066260.
Full textZhang, Linli. "Propriétés électrochimiques d'un composite en polylactide/polypyrrole et synthèse électrochimique d'une membrane en polypyrrole." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27711/27711.pdf.
Full textGirault, Nathalie. "Synthèse et caractérisation de composites polymères à conduction ionique et électronique." Grenoble INPG, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991INPG0080.
Full textWolfs, Mélanie. "Polymères hydrocarbonés superhydrophobes élaborés par polymérisation électrochimique : une alternative à la chimie du fluor ?" Thesis, Nice, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013NICE4132.
Full textControlling wettability of a solid surface is important in many practical applications. This property, resulting from the combination a low surface energy material with a surface structuration, is commonly expressed by the contact angle of a water droplet on the surface. Surfaces with a water contact angle (θwater) larger than 150° are usually called superhydrophobic surfaces. Such surfaces are very interesting because of their expected self-cleaning or anti-contamination properties, which could be applied in various applications such as in biomedical devices, paint or in aeronautics for example. Among all the techniques to prepare superhydrophobic surfaces, electrochemical polymerization is a fast and versatile technique. In current literature on this field, the general approach is the use of highly fluorinated tails to reach the water-repellency. However, as observed in nature, fluorine is not necessary and can present environmental impacts. In this work, we focused on the synthesis of original monomers with hydrocarbon chain as hydrophobic part in order to find alternative to fluorine chemistry to prepare electropolymerized superhydrophobic surfaces. We succeeded to reach high water repellency (θwater > 150°) with hydrocarbon conducting polymers and we determined the influence of chemical and physical parts onto the water contact angle. We also found similar dewetting properties than the fluorinated series meaning the hydrocarbon conducting polymers could be a real alternative to fluorine chemistry
François, Arnaud. "MESURES DE BRUIT EN 1/f SUR DES COMPOSITES : POLYANILINE / POLYMETHACRYLATE DE METHYLE." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00005342.
Full textChapelle, Éric. "Analyse de la résistance thermique d'interface entre inclusion et matrice dans les matériaux composites bons conducteurs de chaleur : application aux matériaux composites à matrice polymère ou métallique." Nantes, 2008. https://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show/show?id=31e01db6-b585-44d2-9b67-f64d19e00022.
Full textThe addition of thermally conductive particles is an effective way to increase thermal conductivity of polymers or to reduce thermal expansion coefficient of metals. For highly filled composites and therefore for a high effective thermal conductivity, the heat transfer at the matrix/particle interface becomes a key point to obtain further improvement. However the thermal interface resistance Ri between particles and matrix is difficult to measure because of the low sensitivity to Ri and because of the small size of the particles. A setup has been developed to measure Ri between nickel wires (fiber-like particle) of a few tens microns diameter and a polymer matrix. The temperature measurement of the heating wire associated with a thermal model allowed to estimate values of Ri between 0. 1 10-5 and 1. 7 10-5 m2K/W and this for various wire diameters, temperatures and polymer matrix (thermoset: epoxy, thermoplastics: EVA and PP). Some Ri measurements have been validated using a thermo-elastic model. Another method based on a homemade thermal microscope was developed in order to measure Ri between particle and matrix in a copper matrix composite with spherical glassy carbon particles. A 3D numerical model in steady periodic regime was developed to study the effect of other particles in the vicinity on the estimated Ri values. The thermal excitation is performed using a modulated laser beam and the temperature is measured using a novel microprobe which consists of a semi-intrinsic thermocouple. Finally, an estimation procedure using a mono-inclusion thermal model was performed and a first value of Ri of 6. 1 10-5 m2K/W was obtained
Sachan, Abhishek. "Design of nanocomposite quantum resistive vapour sensors for anticipated diagnosis of cancers." Thesis, Lorient, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORIS460.
Full textA Human health monitoring and anticipated diagnosis of cancers (lung and skin) by the analysis of the volatolome and in particular the biomarkers present in exhaled breath or emitted by affected skin area is an emerging area of research. This is a non-invasive, inexpensive, fast and reliable technique which can be used for cancers’ detection in their early stages at the clinical level. Nanomaterials based quantum resistive vapour sensors (vQRS) can provide solutions for developing electronic noses (e-nose) for this purpose. A complex sensors’ array is required for the analysis of exhaled breath or VOC emitted by skin as both of them are complex blend of various VOC biomarkers. The objective of this thesis was to develop highly sensitive and selective sensors for cancer biomarker analysis. Therefore, several high-performance sensors’ arrays have been fabricated based on conducting nanocomposites. The carbon nanotubes used to build the conducting architecture were functionalized with different polymer matrices for tuning their selectivity towards different VOC. Initially, binary blends of VOC and water were analysed with simple sensors’ array to evaluate the sensors behaviour in the presence of moisture. Later, a complex e-nose has been prepared with nine differently sensitive and selective sensors to detect subppm amounts of cancer biomarkers present in a large quantity of other VOC. Fingerprints were obtained using a statistical tool for various biomarkers blends which were able to identify the presence of biomarkers. Finally, exhaled breath samples were tested with the same e-nose. The breath samples were collected in different conditions and the e-nose was able to discriminate the different samples effectively by locating them on the breath maps obtained by a statistical analysis
Garza-Guadarrama, Virginia De la. "Electrodes composites à base de polymères conducteurs et de nanoparticules d'oxydes métalliques de type spinelle pour l'électrocatalyse : réduction d'oxygène." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004STR13182.
Full textWe have shown the feasibility of preparing multilayered composite electrodes based on polypyrrole (PPy) and mixed valence oxide nanoparticules of nickel and cobalt (NixCo3-xO4 with x=1 and 0. 3). The spinel oxide (Ox) NixCo3-xO4 was dispersed and confined in an inner PPy(Ox) layer sandwiched between two PPy layers. The first layer was electrodeposited on glassy carbon (GC) platelets, so that the resulting electrode had the structure GC/PPy/PPy(NixCo3-xO4)/PPy. NixCo3-xO4 spinel oxides were synthesized by: thermal decomposition of nitrates, hydroxides co-precipitation and sol-gel (PECHINI). Physical methods were used to characterize the oxides before and after embedment in the composite electrodes. These composite electrodes exhibit high electrocatalytic reactivity towards the oxygen reduction reaction (orr) to constant potentials (<-1V/SCE) and remarkable stability in alkaline medium. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was used to determine the doping degree of PPy by Cl- ions. The mass of the oxide embedded in PPy was estimated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and XPS. In this work, we have studied the parameters that control the formation and yields of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), obtained from the orr on CV/PPy/PPy(NixCo3-xO4)/PPy composite electrodes, with x=0. 3 and 1. The amounts of H2O2 produced by the rro, determined indirectly by iodine spectrometry, depend strongly on the oxide stoichiometry
Boukerma, Kada. "Propriétés interfaciales de nouveaux composites conducteurs à base de polypyrrole utilisés comme charge pour des polymères thermoplastiques." Paris 7, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA077198.
Full textIn this work, we report first on the preparation of a series of PPy powders by oxidative polymerization in aquous soulution with mixed doping (Cl/AOT) and (HSCVAOT) by using an anionic surfactant, sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate (AOT). Elemental Analyses and XPS confirmed that the surfactant is incorporated into the PPy structure. The addition of AOT enhance the conductivity of PPy with an optimal value corresponding to molar ratio Py/AOT =7/1. Moreover the surfactant has the effect to minimize the surface energy of PPy, which improves their dispersion and their adhesion in a matrix of polypropylene as well as the conductivity of the final composite obtained PP/PPy-AOT. In the second time, we investigated the physico-chemical properties of new clay/PPy and silicon carbide/PPy composites. We characterized them in terms of chemical composition on the surface and the bulk by XPS and elemental analysis, and conductivity measurements. In addition the morpholocical and mechanical properties were investigated for this new composites filled polymers. We have shown the surfactants (here DBSA) has a dramataic effect on these physicochemical properties and that they constitute an essentiel building block in the development of novel fillers based on polypyrrole
Fraysse, Jérôme. "Composites polyaniline/polyméthacrylate de méthyle : percolation, transport électronique et propriétés mécaniques." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000GRE10201.
Full textSaint-Aubin, Karell. "Etude de dispersions de nanotubes de carbone par des polymères pour l'élaboration de composites conducteurs et structurés." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00583931.
Full textAjlani, Abdallah. "Elaboration de polyéthylène conducteur par inclusion de sel (TTF-TCNQ) : caractérisation électrique et propriétés de détection chimique en phase gazeuse." Lyon 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LYO10248.
Full textFogel, Mathieu. "Mise en œuvre de composites structuraux conducteurs par pulvérisation de dispersions NTC : résine époxy sur nappes fibres de carbone." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU30074/document.
Full textThe main goal of this work was to create multiscale Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polymers by inserting carbon nanotubes in the matrix of the composite material to improve and homogenize the through-thickness electrical conductivity. Multiscale composites manufacturing was proposed through addition of carbon nanotubes to a standard composite conferring a nano-dimension to the material. A spray deposition technique of CNT / epoxy mixtures was developed. CNT-doped CFRP material in which the matrix came exclusively from the spraying process were successfully produced. An influence of carbon nanotubes on the transverse (Z direction) and orthogonal (Y direction) electrical conductivity could be obtained. A slight but noticeable increase of the conductivity was achieved. More than the inherent values reached, the electrical conductivity was homogenized throughout the whole laminate. This achievement could be one step in order to solve the issue of "edge-glow" on aeronautical structures
Jouni, Mohammad. "Nouvelles architectures de nano-systèmes polymères conducteurs à base de mélanges de nanocharges conductrices." Thesis, Lyon, INSA, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ISAL0148/document.
Full textConductive polymer nanocomposites have been the object of intense researches and investigations recently. In fact, these materials have shown a great potential to be useful for many applications including different sectors. However, despite the promising results reported at the moment in this area, there is still a lack in the performance which can be improved by synchronization of their properties. In this PhD work, we present the preparation and full characterization of conductive polymer nanocomposites. Two kinds of conductive nanofillers (carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs)) have been dispersed either in a thermoplastic polymer (polyethylene PE), or in a thermoset matrix (epoxy amine). The conductive polymer nanocomposites obtained exhibit good electrical and/or thermal properties with conserving the mechanical properties ensured by low fillers fraction. The study was not only based on experimental characterizations but also on modulation to analyze the charge carrier transport at very low temperature in these systems to provide successful understanding to some basic properties which are still actually not fully investigated. Electrical properties are in good agreement with thermal properties. Electromagnetic shielding of our PE based nanocomposites have been studied by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)
Et, Taouil Abdeslam. "Effets des ultrasons haute fréquence sur l’électrosynthèse des polymères conducteurs." Thesis, Besançon, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BESA2025/document.
Full textThis study deals with the effects of high frequency ultrasound (500 kHz) irradiation on the electrochemical synthesis of conducting polymers in aqueous media. Ultrasound favors electrochemical polymerization reaction by improving mass transfer of electroactive species towards the electrode. It leads to films more compact, presenting a thinner and more homogeneous topography. Chemical effects generated by the acoustic wave propagation enable a higher doping level for the films. However, their electrical conductivity is slightly reduced, due to partial degradation of polymer chains by cavitational activity. The possibility to control morphological properties was used in different applications such as potentiometric pH sensors or anti-corrosion coatings. For such applications, using these films as functional layers, the irradiated coatings lead to better results. A selective masking technique, based on focused ultrasound, has been developed as well in order to elaborate a biphased substrate permitting interesting biological applications
Longhin, Marco. "Étude d’alliages à base de CoSi et de composites à base de polymères pour la thermoélectricité." Thesis, Montpellier, Ecole nationale supérieure de chimie, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ENCM0002.
Full textWasted heat recovery through thermoelectricity can contribute to a more sustainable energetic model. For a large-scale application of thermoelectric devices, their efficiency is not the only criterion to consider; materials should be easy to synthesize and made of abundant, cheap and environmental friendly elements. Silicides and composites are little known thermoelectric materials that meet all these requirements. We studied the cobalt silicide CoSi and some alloys and composites obtained using this phase.Firstly we investigate whether nanostructuration allows increasing the thermoelectric properties of CoSi. CoSi crystallites with a size of 13 nm were synthesized by arc melting followed by mechanical milling or by mechanical alloying. These powders showed good chemical stability and a limited grain growth up to 400 °C. At higher temperatures grain coarsening is accompanied by a loss of silicon and the formation of Co2Si. The thermal conductivity of CoSi was reduced by 35% by nanostructuring. A ZT=0.15 was obtained at T=300 °C, which is higher than that of CoSi synthesized by arc melting but slightly lower than that of CoSi single crystals.Various elements were considered in order to form a solid solution with CoSi, taking into account common sense considerations and the results of ab initio calculations. We observed that Ca, Zr, Nb, Mo, Sn, Ta, W and Pb are not soluble while Ti, V and Cu have a limited solubility. The phases Co0.85Cr0.15Si, Co0.90Mn0.10Si and CoSi0.92Zn0.08 were also synthesized but the first two have a lower power factor than CoSi.We compared three commercially available intrinsically conducting polymers: polyaniline (PANI), polypyrrole (PPy) and polyethylene (3,4dioxythiophene) doped with polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT: PSS). PPy demonstrated to be the best polymer to form composites containing Co0.85Fe0.15Si. The highest power factor, PF=2.5 μW/m.K2, is obtained for a volume fraction of polymer ϕ=10%, nonetheless this composition induces poor mechanical strength. The thermoelectric performances we measured were always inferior to the ones of inorganic phase, thus the main advantage of these composites is their ease of shaping
Bortolussi, Vincent. "Etude expérimentale et numérique de la conductivité de revêtements composites métal-polymère déposés par projection dynamique par gaz froid sur substrat composite à matrice organique." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PSLEM075/document.
Full textThe Cold Spray process allows to manufacture metallic coatings onto Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Composite (CFRP). This process relies on the spraying of high-velocity powder particles to result in high deformation and build up to form a dense coating. However, forming a coating made of copper particles onto a substrate containing carbon fibers was achieved out only by mixing metallic powder with a polymer powder. Although the polymer allow to build up the coating onto CFRP, it is highly electrically insulating. It would therefore decrease the electrical conductivity of the coating drastically. Investigations were carried out on the influence of the coatings microstructure on electrical conductivity. Various copper powders, with different morphologies, granulometry and oxygen contents were mixed with PEEK powder, i.e. a thermoplastic polymer. Cold spray of these powders leads to homogeneous coatings onto CFRP. The characteristics of these coatings were studied as a function of the influence of powder characteristics and spraying parameters. The deformation of the PEEK was also investigated as it governed the build up of the coating. Mechanical testing of PEEK samples and in-situ spraying measurements were performed to feed impact simulations. Then, simulated and experimental impact morphologies of copper particles onto PEEK were compared. The PEEK behavior under impact also prevented sound contacts between copper particles, which decreased the coatings electrical conductivity significantly. A morphological model of the microstructure of the coating was developed to reproduce microstructures in 3D numerically. It allows to investigate numerically the influence of the copper phase morphology on coating conductivity. This conductivity was measured experimentally for various starting copper powders. A carefully selected blend of copper and PEEK powders and optimized spraying parameters lead to homogeneous coatings onto CFRP with an acceptable electrical conductivity but still below bulk copper conductivity
Kumar, Bijandra. "Development of smart textiles with low environmental footprint from Conductive polymer nanoComposites." Lorient, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LORIS195.
Full textThis research work concerns the investigation and development of innovative eco-friendly smart multi-reactive textiles made of Conductive Polymer nanoComposite (CPC) within the frame of the European Union Commission funded project entitled “INTELTEX”. Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes (CNT) have been used as conductive nanofiller to create conductive networks within both synthetic and bio-sourced polymer matrices. The ability of CPC thin films based sensor to detect Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) has been investigated by exposing them to a wide set of solvent vapours. Novel strategies have been introduced to fabricate vapour sensor with controlled hierarchical condictive architecture. The sensors developed were found to have a high potential to detect as well as to discriminate the studied vapours. In a second part the knowledge developed with CPC thin film was transferred to both mono-phasic and bi-phasic conductive textiles, which were demonstrated to be sensitive to vapours and temperature. In particular novel bi-phasic CPC textiles structured using double percolation were found to exhibit a sharp positive temperature coefficient (PTC) characteristic in the range 30 - 60°C. In the last part it has been shown that eco-friendly matrices could be proposed in substitution of synthetic polymers to decrease their environmental footprint. Finally, it has been demonstrated that CNT based CPC had a high potential as smart material to develop multi-reactive smart textile for vapour and temperature sensing
Roosz, Nicolas. "Elaboration de particules composites silice-polyaniline en vue d'applications environnementales." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017UBFCD083/document.
Full textOrganic/inorganic hybrid materials have received much attention in recent years such as in the field of nano-materials. Indeed, these materials possess unique physical and chemical properties due to the synergistic effect of both components. In particular, silica nanoparticles (SiO2) present interesting properties, such as good chemical and thermal stabilities. They can be prepared in different size and can be easily chemically modified. Intrinsically conducting polymers such as polythiophene and polyaniline (PANI) can exist in different oxidation states and respond to external stimuli by changing one of their characteristics (color, conductivity, …). PANI is a non-toxic, thermally stable and low cost polymer with relatively high conductivity that has been used as antistatic coating, electrode materials, corrosion inhibitor and active layer of sensors. Since the discovery of conducting polymer in 1977, several works have been carried out on the preparation, characterization and applications of polymeric films build on various surfaces like silica. Among the different kinds of composites that exist, inorganic-polymer core-shell nanoparticles are more promising candidates. In this study, we decided to work on the synthesis of core@shell hybrid compounds based on PANI shells and silica nanoparticles cores.In the literature, using similar experimental protocols, two morphologies have been obtained after chemical polymerization of aniline in the presence of silica particles: core@shell and raspberry (inverted structure with PANI as core). We thus decided to reinvestigate the synthesis of PANI in the presence of silica particles. For this, we first synthesized silica particles with different sizes by Stöber process. We then performed the chemical polymerization of aniline in the presence of these naked silica particles under different conditions: temperature, concentration of reactive. However, in all cases, we never managed to obtain core@shell structures. Finally, we succeed in developing a method to prepare these core@shell particles which relies on the functionalization of the SiO2 by alkoxysilanes followed by the polymerization of aniline at room temperature. A series of core-shell particles with tunable PANI thickness has been prepared by this method. The last part of this work deals with the first tests that have been carried out in order to use these composites SiO2@PANi for environmental applications. Two applications have been considered, the adsorption of metals for the particle appearance and the detection of gas for the conductive capacities of the PANI
Robert, Colin. "Développement de senseurs par l'intégration de nanoComposites Polymères Conducteurs (CPC) pour le suivi de déformation et d'endommagement des structures composites." Lorient, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LORIS290.
Full textNowadays, the presence of composites structures in numerous fields of applications, such as civil structures and nautical industry, is due to their advantageous mechanical properties/weight ratio. However the intrinsic brittle behaviour of composites is prone to their catastrophic failure. Thus, there is a need to monitor the health of composites to prevent their destruction. Conductive Polymer nanoComposites (CPC) appear to be good candidates in this perspective. CPC are smart materials, which can combine mechanical properties reinforcement, strain sensing and structural health monitoring. Meanwhile, the nautical industry has always been at the forefront of composite technologies and nowadays race boats include a severe technological competition. Therefore the input of the CPC technology in the nautical industry seems relevant and open up future perspectives. In the present thesis, an original CPC processing method has been developed in the light of existing CPC processing strategies. The technology, called spray Layer by Layer (sLbL), allowed the development of suitable and reproducible strain sensors capable of structural health monitoring. The versatility of the sLbL technique gave the opportunity to monitor the strain and the damage accumulation during mechanical testing on various nautical supports such as carbon shrouds, structural carbon fibre reinforced composite or woven sails
Yu, Zhong-Zhen. "Procédé d'extrusion réactive appliqué à l'élaboration de mélanges de polymères et de nano-composites." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001INPL018N.
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