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1
Okomoda, Victor Tosin, Lateef Oloyede Tiamiyu, Amighty Olorunpelumi Ricketts, Sunday Abraham Oladimeji, Austine Agbara, Mhd Ikhwanuddin, Korede Isaiah Alabi, and Ambok Bolong Abol-Munafi. "Hydrothermal Processing of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) Filets: Insights on the Nutritive Value and Organoleptic Parameters." Veterinary Sciences 7, no. 3 (September 11, 2020): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vetsci7030133.
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This study evaluated the effects of cooking for different hydrothermal-treatment durations (10, 20, 30 and 40 min) on the proximate composition, amino acid profile, fatty acid composition and organoleptic parameters of filets of African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822). Filets of the fish were prepared from market size African catfish with similar breeding history. Parameters of the processed filet under the different hydrothermal durations were also compared against a raw–unprocessed control group except during organoleptic analysis. The results obtained revealed a significant increase in protein, fat and ash content until the 30th minute of hydrothermal processing (p ≤ 0.05). Beyond this processing time, protein and fat significantly reduced while ash remains unaffected. The same trend was observed for most essential/non-essential amino acids isolated as well as the prominent saturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids. In all, the raw control group consistently recorded the least values of nutritional components. The perception of assessors was, however, found to be similar (p ≥ 0.05) in terms of organoleptic parameters regardless of the duration of the processing time of the filets. It was concluded that cooking the African catfish filet using the hydrothermal method should not be extended beyond 30 min.
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Dantas Filho, Jerônimo Vieira, Jucilene Cavali, Carla Taveira Nunes, Beatriz Andrade Nóbrega, Lucas Rodrigues da Fonseca Gasparini, Maria Luiza Rodrigues de Souza, Marlos Oliveira Porto, Bruna Laurindo Rosa, Paulo Henrique Gilio Gasparotto, and Rute Bianchini Pontuschka. "Proximal composition, caloric value and price-nutrients correlation of comercial cuts of tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) and pirarucu (Arapaima gigas) in diferente body weight classes (Amazon: Brazil)." Research, Society and Development 10, no. 1 (January 9, 2021): e23510111698. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i1.11698.
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The aimed of the study was to evaluate the caloric value as a function of the proximal composition and correlate the selling price with the nutritional values of commercial cuts of tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) and pirarucu (Arapaima gigas) in different weight classes. The sample collections were performed in two processing units located in the state of Rondônia, Brazil. Were 200 tambaquis in five weight classes were studied. And, were 77 pirarucus were studied in seven weight classes. The design was completely randomized, with processing carried out in triplicate. The Kruskal-Wallis test (α=0.05) was used to compare the averages and the Spearman correlation (ρ) between price and nutrients. The commercial cuts with the highest caloric value were the tambaqui filet (145.70 kcal/100g) and the pirarucu filet mignon (119.11 kcal/100g) (p<0.05). And the less caloric commercial cuts were steak of tambaqui (100.47 kcal/100g) and pirarucu loin 102.01 kcal/100g) (p<0.05). It was also observed that the variables caloric value and protein content did not correlate with the price of the kilo of fish for the different commercial cuts, which leads to infer that, possibly, the sensorial, market and cultural factors were responsible for the price variations. Regarding the caloric value according to the composition of the tambaqui, the Class 4 was the most efficient category for production and commercialization. And in the composition of the pirarucu, the Class 4 presented satisfactory values of proteins and lipids and a good percentage of mineral matter.
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Dantas Filho, Jerônimo Vieira, Jucilene Cavali, Carla Taveira Nunes, Beatriz Andrade Nóbrega, Lucas Rodrigues da Fonseca Gasparini, Maria Luiza Rodrigues de Souza, Marlos Oliveira Porto, Bruna Laurindo Rosa, Paulo Henrique Gilio Gasparotto, and Rute Bianchini Pontuschka. "Proximal composition, caloric value and price-nutrients correlation of comercial cuts of tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) and pirarucu (Arapaima gigas) in diferente body weight classes (Amazon: Brazil)." Research, Society and Development 10, no. 1 (January 9, 2021): e23510111698. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i1.11698.
Full textAbstract:
The aimed of the study was to evaluate the caloric value as a function of the proximal composition and correlate the selling price with the nutritional values of commercial cuts of tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) and pirarucu (Arapaima gigas) in different weight classes. The sample collections were performed in two processing units located in the state of Rondônia, Brazil. Were 200 tambaquis in five weight classes were studied. And, were 77 pirarucus were studied in seven weight classes. The design was completely randomized, with processing carried out in triplicate. The Kruskal-Wallis test (α=0.05) was used to compare the averages and the Spearman correlation (ρ) between price and nutrients. The commercial cuts with the highest caloric value were the tambaqui filet (145.70 kcal/100g) and the pirarucu filet mignon (119.11 kcal/100g) (p<0.05). And the less caloric commercial cuts were steak of tambaqui (100.47 kcal/100g) and pirarucu loin 102.01 kcal/100g) (p<0.05). It was also observed that the variables caloric value and protein content did not correlate with the price of the kilo of fish for the different commercial cuts, which leads to infer that, possibly, the sensorial, market and cultural factors were responsible for the price variations. Regarding the caloric value according to the composition of the tambaqui, the Class 4 was the most efficient category for production and commercialization. And in the composition of the pirarucu, the Class 4 presented satisfactory values of proteins and lipids and a good percentage of mineral matter.
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Bastianelli, Denis, and Laurent Bonnal. "Evaluation de la qualité des produits du canard gras." Revue d’élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux 67, no. 3 (June 27, 2015): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/remvt.10176.
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La caractérisation des produits animaux est importante autant pour le suivi de leur qualité que pour la recherche de leur amélioration par des voies d’amélioration génétique ou de procédés technologiques. L’enjeu est particulièrement important pour des filières à forte valeur ajoutée, comme le canard gras.Dans le cadre d’essais sur l’amélioration génétique du canard (2), des méthodes rapides – spectroscopie proche infrarouge (SPIR) – de prédiction de la qualité ont été testées pour le foie gras et pour le filet (magret). Il s’agissait de permettre la mesure sur un grand nombre d’échantillons de paramètres dont la méthode de référence est particulièrement longue (matières grasses [MG] par extraction Folch, rendement technologique, entre autres) et d’étudier la possibilité de les appliquer ensuite dans l’industrie.Les spectres des échantillons ont été acquis sur un spectromètre ASD Labspec, directement sur le produit entier (foie ou magret), sans préparation. L’étalonnage a été réalisé avec des mesures de composition chimique (matière sèche [MS], minéraux, protéines, MG) ou technologique (par exemple taux de fonte pour le foie, pertes à la cuisson pour le filet) (1).La précision des étalonnages a varié selon les paramètres (tableau I). Les paramètres de composition proximale ont globalement été bien prédits (MS, MG, protéines) avec des valeurs de R² comprises entre 0,80 et 0,90. Certains constituants biochimiques comme le collagène ont été moins facilement prédits (R² = 0,19), soit par manque de variabilité dans la population, soit par des défauts dans les mesures de référence. Les propriétés technologiques du filet sont difficiles à approcher par SPIR, avec par exemple une valeur de R² = 0,19 pour la prédiction de la perte à la cuisson. En revanche, la qualité technologique du foie évaluée par le taux de fonte est assez bien prédite (R²=0,85) pour permettre une évaluation objective du produit.Dans un second temps les étalonnages réalisés ont été appliqués à l’étude de la variabilité intra-échantillon : 46 spectres acquis sur toute la surface d’un foie gras ont permis d’établir des cartes de répartition des constituants et des propriétés des foies, comme le montre la figure 1 pour le taux de fonte.Les calibrations réalisées ont permis de prédire la composition chimique de plusieurs milliers d’échantillons, et d’évaluer les paramètres génétiques (héritabilité) et de rechercher des locus de caractères quantitatifs (2). La base de données générée a également permis de décrire la variabilité des paramètres de qualité. L’étude de la variabilité de composition au sein même d’un échantillon permet de mieux comprendre l’élaboration des propriétés technologiques. Par ailleurs des essais sont actuellement en cours chez un industriel pour utiliser ces résultats dans la caractérisation du foie en routine.
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Cavali, Jucilene, Carla Taveira Nunes, Jerônimo Vieira Dantas Filho, Beatriz Andrade Nóbrega, Rute Bianchini Pontuschka, Renato Zanella, Márcia Cristina Araújo Santana, Maria Luiza Rodrigues de Souza, and Marlos Oliveira Porto. "Chemical composition of commercial tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) cuts in different body weight classes (Amazon: Brazil)." Research, Society and Development 10, no. 3 (March 24, 2021): e45510313464. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i3.13464.
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It is important to know the nutritional composition of the fish, especially the nutritional value of the commercial cuts most consumed by the population. The aimed of this study was to evaluate the chemical composition of commercial tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) cuts in different classes of body weight. The sample collections were carried out in processing units in two municipalities in the state of Rondônia, Brazil. The Data on 200 fish were recorded, with weight ranging from 1000 to 4700 g. Five classes of body weight were established, class 1 - below 1.2 kg; class 2 - from 1.21 to 1.8 kg; class 3 - from 1.81 to 2.4 kg; class 4 - from 2.41 to 3.5 kg; class 5 - over 3.5kg. The commercial cuts were lyophilized and intended for chemical analysis. The Kruskal-Wallis test (α=0.05) was used to compare the averages. The composition of commercial cuts was different in weight classes (p<0.05). The filet presented more representative values in mineral matter, crude protein and total lipids and lower humidity for class 4 (from 2.41 to 3.5 kg). The classes 1 and 5 (below 1.2 and over 3.5 kg) were different (p<0.05) in relation to the lipid and moisture content in the commercial filet and rib cuts. The tambaqui steak in class 4 have a higher lipid content compared to the average of the lightest body weight classes, 9.99 vs 4.50%, in addition to having a lower moisture content (p<0.05). The tambaqui band was different (p<0.05) in relation to nutritional components between body weight classes, with class 4 being richer in minerals, crude protein and lipids in dry matter. Therefore, the class 4 was the most efficient (p<0.05) for production and commercialization. Because the tambaquis with body weight between 2.4 to 3.5 kg stood out in relation to the nutritional components in the different commercial cuts.
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Kasigwa, Cikwanine, Joseph Matunguru, Nshombo Muderhwa, Jonas Jariekonga, Alidor Kankonda, and Jean-Claude Micha. "Etude socio-économique de la pêche dans la partie Sud-Ouest du lac Albert (Ituri, RD Congo)." International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 14, no. 6 (October 6, 2020): 2049–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v14i6.10.
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Une étude socio-économique a été conduite sur 602 pêcheurs répartis dans 16 camps de pêche dans la partie sud-ouest du lac Albert dans le but d’évaluer les activités des pêcheries. Dans chaque camp, les engins de pêche ont été identifiés, caractérisés et dénombrés ; et la composition des captures de poisson évaluée par type d’engin. 8 engins de pêche ont été identifiés, y compris des engins prohibés selon la réglementation de 2016, notamment le filet monofilament et les nasses. La palangre (1343,64 ± 832,5 m), le filet dormant de fond (1053,05 ± 520 m) et le filet dormant de surface (766,26 ± 536 m) ont été les plus utilisés. La senne de tournante était identifiée comme l’engin le plus productif, avec 183,18 ± 49,02 kg/jour pendant la bonne période et 20,89 ± 12,94 kg/jour pendant la mauvaise période), mais elle a été aussi la moins sélective de tous les engins identifiés. La pêche au filet dormant a donné une production journalière d’environ 62,7 kg en moyenne pendant la bonne période et de 10 kg pendant la mauvaise. L’occupation des zones de frayère, l’augmentation de l’effort de pêche, et l’utilisation des engins prohibés étaient considérées comme causes majeures de la baisse de productivité du lac Albert. Il demeure urgent d’appliquer la réglementation afin de protéger l’ichtyofaune du lac.
Mots clés : Organisation, pêcheries, Sud-Ouest, lac Albert.
English Title: Socio-economic study of fisheries in the southwest part of Lake Albert (Ituri, DR Congo)A socio-economic study was conducted on 602 fishermen in 16 fishing camps in the southwestern part of Lake Albert in order to assess the activities of the fisheries. In each camp, the fishing gear was identified, characterized and counted; and the composition of fish catches assessed by gear type. 8 fishing gear have been identified, including gear prohibited under the 2016 regulations, notably the monofilament net and the nets. The length (1343.64 ± 832.5 m), the bottom fixed net (1053.05 ± 520 m) and the surface fixed net (766.26 ± 536 m) were the most used. The purse seine was identified as the most productive gear, with 183.18 ± 49.02 kg / day during the good period and 20.89 ± 12.94 kg / day during the bad period), but it was also the least selective of all the gear identified. The dormant net fishery gave an average daily production of around 62.7 kg during the good period and 10 kg during the bad period. The occupation of the spawning grounds, the increase in fishing effort, and the use of prohibited gear were considered as major causes of the decline in productivity of Lake Albert. There remains an urgent need to enforce regulations to protect the lake's fish fauna.
Keywords: Organization, fisheries, Southwest, Lake Albert.
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Mimeche, Fateh, Abdelghani Zedam, Smail Chafaa, Hayet Mimeche, and Mohamed Biche. "Étude saisonnière du régime alimentaire du barbeau Luciobarbus callensis (Valencienne 1842) dans le réservoir de K'sob (M'Sila, Algérie)." Revue des sciences de l’eau 31, no. 2 (October 3, 2018): 163–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1051698ar.
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La composition du régime alimentaire du barbeau (Luciobarbus callensis) a été étudiée dans le réservoir du barrage de K'sob, situé en amont de la ville de M'Sila (Algérie). La capture des barbeaux a été effectuée entre septembre 2010 et août 2011. Le régime alimentaire a été étudié à partir de 379 spécimens récoltés par filet trémaillé. Au cours de la période d'étude, on a noté que le spectre alimentaire était constitué essentiellement de Chironomidae, de copépodes et de Simulidae qui sont abondants dans le milieu. Le barbeau du réservoir de K'sob présente un rythme alimentaire saisonnier influencé d’une part par les conditions climatiques et écologiques du milieu, et d’autre part, par son cycle reproductif. Dans la zone d’étude du réservoir de K'sob, L. callensis possède un régime alimentaire omnivore à tendance zoobenthophage.
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Merdzhanova, Albena, Diana A. Dobreva, and Veselina Panayotova. "Comparison of fatty acids, cholesterol, fat soluble vitamins and carotenoids content of skin and edible tissue of farmed African catfish (Clarias gariepinus, Burchell 1822)." Ovidius University Annals of Chemistry 29, no. 1 (July 18, 2018): 41–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/auoc-2018-0006.
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Abstract African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) is new species for the Bulgarian market. It is a valuable source of biologically active components that play an important role in human diet, but there is lack of information for the quality of its dietary lipids. This study focuses on the assessment of skin and edible tissue lipid quality of farmed African catfish based on lipid content and detailed fatty acids, fat-soluble vitamins, cholesterol and carotenoids composition. Fatty acid composition was determined by gas chromatography with mass spectrometer (GC/MS) after lipid extraction. Vitamins A, D3 and E, beta-carotene, astaxanthin and cholesterol were analyzed simultaneously using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with ultraviolet and fluorescence detectors. Lipids, cholesterol, astaxanthin and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) were significantly higher in skin, whereas vitamin A and E, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were higher in muscle tissue. Vitamin D3 showed comparable amounts in both tissues. Eicosapentaenoic acid (C20:5n3) and docosahexaenoic acid (C22:6n3) which are important indicators for fish lipids quality presented significantly high amounts. A portion of 100 g filet without skin contains approximately 600 mg. Results confirmed that African catfish meat - with or without the skin, can be valuable and preferable source of biologically active lipids.
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Panicz, Remigiusz, Joanna Żochowska-Kujawska, Jacek Sadowski, and Małgorzata Sobczak. "Effect of feeding various levels of poultry by-product meal on the blood parameters, filet composition and structure of female tenches (Tinca tinca)." Aquaculture Research 48, no. 10 (April 18, 2017): 5373–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/are.13351.
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Verneaux, V., and L. Aleya. "Comparaison des peuplements chironomidiens du lac de l'Abbaye obtenus par différentes méthodes d'échantillonnage. Intérêts de la récolte des exuvies nymphales." Revue des sciences de l'eau 12, no. 1 (April 12, 2005): 45–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/705343ar.
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Une étude des espèces chironomidiennes du lac de l'Abbaye a été effectuée au cours de l'année 1993. Le répertoire spécifique a été établi à partir de l'étude des peuplements imaginaux, nymphals et larvaires échantillonnés selon 5 méthodes: récolte des imagos au filet entomologique, récolte des exuvies nymphales, mise en élevage de stades pré-imaginaux, prélèvements de larves dans les sédiments et mise en place de substrats artificiels. Le peuplement chironomidien obtenu est constitué de 69 espèces. Une comparaison de la composition des peuplements obtenus par les différents modes d'échantillonnage permet de mettre en évidence les particularités de chaque méthode. La récolte des exuvies nymphales semble être la méthode la plus appropriée pour l'établissement d'un répertoire spécifique. Deux espèces dominantes du lac Chironomus anthracinus et Psilotanypus rufovittatus témoignent du caractère polyhumique et désoxygéné du lac. Cependant, la présence simultanée en forte proportion de Tanytarsus niger, Cladotanytarsus iucundus et C. atridorsum témoignent de la faible production pélagique et de la température froide du lac susceptible de minimiser les effets de la désoxygénation sur la communauté chironomidienne.
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Chládek, G., J. Žižlavský, and J. Šubrt. "A comparison of carcass proportions in Czech Pied and Montbeliarde bulls with a high carcass weight." Czech Journal of Animal Science 50, No. 3 (December 6, 2011): 109–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/4003-cjas.
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The aim of the experiment was to compare the carcass composition of 20 Montbeliarde bulls (M) and 20 Czech Pied bulls (C). The carcass weight of the animals in one group varied minimally and was about 380 kg. The Montbeliarde bulls showed a higher growth rate, expressed by a significantly lower (P < 0.01) age at slaughter (562.6 vs. 626 days) while the live weight (682.9 vs. 690.6 kg) and carcass weight (380.4 vs. 382.6 kg) were comparable, which resulted in a significantly higher (P < 0.01) daily weight gain (1.142 vs. 1.045 kg) and net weight gain (0.676 vs. 0.615 kg). The Montbeliarde bulls showed a greater (P < 0.05) height at rump (144.0 vs. 140.2 cm), worse carcass conformation according to SEUROP (3.24 vs. 2.84), lower proportion of forequarter (44.7 vs. 45.7%) and higher proportion of hindquarter (55.3 vs. 54.3%). As for the carcass composition, no significant inter-breed differences were found in weights and proportions of shanks, meat trimmings, separable fat, bones, round, loin, filet, flank with rib, flank, shoulder and chuck. The Montbeliarde bulls had a significantly lower (P < 0.05) weight and proportion of neck (10.1 vs. 11.1 kg and 5.4 vs. 5.9%) and weight of brisket and rib (17.6 vs. 18.7 kg) and proportion of brisket and rib (9.4 vs. 9.9%, P < 0.01).
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Cornford, Stephen. "Digital Economy Action: Composition by Participatory Piracy." Leonardo Music Journal 21 (December 2011): 9–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/lmj_a_00051.
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The author discusses the inspiration and design of an as-yet-unrealized composition in which participants serve in the roles of composer, performer and consumer all at the same time. Provoked by the passage of a law restricting sharing and distribution of music files, he explores the potential for file sharing as a compositional process.
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Robin, Thibault, Julien Mariethoz, and Frédérique Lisacek. "Examining and Fine-tuning the Selection of Glycan Compositions with GlyConnect Compozitor." Molecular & Cellular Proteomics 19, no. 10 (July 7, 2020): 1602–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/mcp.ra120.002041.
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A key point in achieving accurate intact glycopeptide identification is the definition of the glycan composition file that is used to match experimental with theoretical masses by a glycoproteomics search engine. At present, these files are mainly built from searching the literature and/or querying data sources focused on posttranslational modifications. Most glycoproteomics search engines include a default composition file that is readily used when processing MS data. We introduce here a glycan composition visualizing and comparative tool associated with the GlyConnect database and called GlyConnect Compozitor. It offers a web interface through which the database can be queried to bring out contextual information relative to a set of glycan compositions. The tool takes advantage of compositions being related to one another through shared monosaccharide counts and outputs interactive graphs summarizing information searched in the database. These results provide a guide for selecting or deselecting compositions in a file in order to reflect the context of a study as closely as possible. They also confirm the consistency of a set of compositions based on the content of the GlyConnect database. As part of the tool collection of the Glycomics@ExPASy initiative, Compozitor is hosted at https://glyconnect.expasy.org/compozitor/ where it can be run as a web application. It is also directly accessible from the GlyConnect database.
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Marinis, Thomas F., and Joseph W. Soucy. "Mechanical Robustness of Solder Connections to Thick Film Gold." International Symposium on Microelectronics 2011, no. 1 (January 1, 2011): 000327–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/isom-2011-tp4-paper2.
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Thick film gold metallization is required for many high reliability circuits, especially those subjected to operation in high temperature or high humidity environments. Traditionally, wire bonded bare die are used on these circuits, but there is a trend to replace them with BGA packaged devices. State-of-the-art, chip scale packages increase circuit volume by less than 20 percent, while their use greatly simplifies testing and repair, as compared to wire bonded die. The use of small, high density I/O pad arrays for attachment of BGA packages, necessitates very careful control of the solder reflow process to avoid excessive leaching of the gold into the solder. Also, unlike passive chip components and leaded devices, the solder filet associated with a solder ball attachment does not distribute mechanical loads over an extended area. Consequently, the stresses imposed on fine pitch, BGA pads are much higher than those imposed by other components. During aging, the gold metallization is converted to gold-tin intermetallic as inter-diffusion proceeds. This further reduces the mechanical integrity of the solder connection. This manifests itself in the observation that when BGA solder balls are subjected to accelerated aging followed by shear testing, the entire solder pad lifts off of the substrate, rather than failing in the solder joint. What we have done is construct a diffusion based model to estimate the conversion of a thick film gold metallization pad to intermetallic and coupled this result with a finite element analysis to examine the effect of pad size and solder composition on the propensity of a pad to lift off the substrate, when subjected to mechanical or thermal induced loading. We are designing experiments to compare the predictions of our model to experimental results obtained from shearing solder balls, of different compositions and sizes, attached to substrates metalized with several different solderable, thick film gold materials.
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FUJII, KEITA, and TATSUYA SUDA. "SEMANTICS-BASED DYNAMIC WEB SERVICE COMPOSITION." International Journal of Cooperative Information Systems 15, no. 03 (September 2006): 293–324. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218843006001372.
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This paper presents a semantics-based dynamic service composition architecture that composes an application through combining distributed components based on the semantics of the components. This architecture consists of a component model called Component Service Model with Semantics (CoSMoS), a middleware called Component Runtime Environment (CoRE), and a service composition mechanism called Semantic Graph based Service Composition (SeGSeC). CoSMoS represents the semantics of components. CoRE provides interfaces to discover and access components modeled by CoSMoS. SeGSeC composes an application by discovering components through CoRE, and synthesizing a workflow of the application based on the semantics of the components modeled by CoSMoS. This paper describes the latest design of the semantics-based dynamic service composition architecture, and also illustrates the implementation of the architecture based on the Web Service standards, i.e. WSDL, RDF, SOAP, and UDDI. The Web Service based implementation of the architecture allows existing Web Services to migrate onto the architecture without reimplementation. It also simplifies the development and deployment of a new Web Service on the architecture by automatically generating the necessary description files (i.e. WSDL and RDF files) of the Web Service from its runtime binary (i.e. a Java class file).
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Abdou Salam, Ali Mohamed, Ngansoumana Ba, Ismaïla Ndour, Seyni Sane, Modou Thiaw, Ndongo Diouf, Jules Diouf, et al. "Caractérisation de la flore phytoplanctonique dans l’Aire Marine Protégée (AMP) de Bamboung et de deux sites environnants (Sénégal)." International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 14, no. 7 (December 4, 2020): 2452–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v14i7.7.
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Au Sénégal, peu d’études sur le plan planctonique ont été réalisées pour l’évaluation de l’efficacité des Aires Marines Protégées. Dans cette perspective, la caractérisation de la flore phytoplanctonique et sa distribution spatio-temporelle à l’intérieur et à l’extérieur de l’AMP de Bamboung a été réalisée en avril et en septembre 2016. Des prélèvements d’échantillons d’eau à l’aide d’un filet à plancton de 20 μm de mailles ainsi que des mesures de paramètres physico-chimiques ont été faits dans chaque station. L’analyse des données environnementales a montré l’existence d’un effet intersaison avec des valeurs plus élevées en avril excepté la température. Par ailleurs, un effet d’inter-sites a été observé uniquement en septembre pour la température, la salinité, la conductivité et l’oxygène dissout. En termes de diversité phytoplanctonique, en avril, 49 espèces réparties dans 5 classes ont été identifiées dans l’AMP contre 47 espèces et 5 classes identifiées à Diomboss et 42 espèces et 5 classes à Sangako. En septembre, 57 espèces réparties dans 5 classes ont été répertoriées dans l’AMP contre 54 espèces et 4 classes à Diomboss, et 51 espèces réparties dans 4 classes identifiées à Sangako. Les résultats seuls de la richesse spécifique du phytoplancton ne permettent pas d’apporter une contribution sur l’évaluation de l’efficacité de l’AMP de Bamboung.
Mots clés : Phytoplancton, dynamique, composition taxonomique, AMP, Bamboung.
English Title: Characterization of the phytoplankton flora in the Protected Marine Area (MPA) of Bamboung and two surrounding sites (Senegal)
In Senegal, few planktonic data exist in the Marine Protected Areas (AMP). In this perspective, the characterization of phytoplankton flora and its spatial and temporal distribution within and outside the Bamboung AMP was carried out during in April and in september. Water samples were taken using a 20 μm mesh plankton net and measurements of physico-chemical parameters were made at each station. The analysis of environmental data showed the existence of an inter-site effect during the two-month sampling period. In April, 49 species in 5 classes were identified in the AMP, compared to 47 species and 5 classes identified in Diomboss and 42 species and 5 classes in Sangako. In september, 57 species distributed in 5 classes were recorded in the AMP compared to 54 species distributed in 4 classes in Diomboss and 51 species and 4 classes identified in Sangako. The results of the specific richness of phytoplankton alone do not make it possible to make a contribution to the evaluation of the effectiveness of Bamboung's MPA.Keywords: Phytoplankton, dynamics, taxonomic composition, AMP; Bamboung.
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Stockholm, Jack. "Eavesdropping: Network Mediated Performance in Social Space." Leonardo Music Journal 18 (December 2008): 55–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/lmj.2008.18.55.
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The author describes an Internet-based audio composition and diffusion system, Eavesdropping (2007–2008), designed for public spaces where several computer users are gathered, such as cafés. Compositions are created from abstract mood objects rather than musical structures. A composer uploads a set of audio files to represent the different moods in the composition. During a performance, a server-based Conductor selects audio files from this set to be played at each participant's laptop based on the composition, the number of participants in the room and the time they joined the performance. This project aims to enhance awareness of and connectedness among individual members of an audience at a generative musical performance by encouraging shared experiences.
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Sampels, S., T. Zajíc, and J. Mráz. "Effects of frying fat and preparation on carp (Cyprinus carpio) fillet lipid composition and oxidation." Czech Journal of Food Sciences 32, No. 5 (October 1, 2014): 493–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/405/2013-cjfs.
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We investigated the changes in omega 3 enriched carp fillets caused by pan frying. The investigated characteristics were fat uptake, fatty acid (FA) composition, and oxidation. Four different fats were used and fillets were fried plain or battered. The fillet fat content increased during frying and FA composition in the fillets reflected the composition of the frying fat. Frying with sunflower oil negatively influenced the nutritional value by decreasing the n-3/n-6 ratio in the fillets. Frying with rapeseed oil preserved the favourable n-3/n-6 ratio without increasing the saturated fatty acids (SFA). Frying with lard and butter preserved the n-3/n-6 ratio but increased the SFA content. No increased oxidation occurred with the use of rapeseed oil. We concluded that using rapeseed oil for fish seemed to preserve the nutritionally valuable composition best.
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Kornienko, Kristina Borisovna. "Letter in a system of hypergenre “personal file”." Филология: научные исследования, no. 2 (February 2020): 15–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0749.2020.2.32362.
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The subject of this research is the structural components of hypergenre “personal file”. The object of this research is business letters. Analysis is conducted on the basis of archived personal filed of the students of Arkhangelsk State Medical Institute for the period from 1930’s – 1940s. The goal consist in introducing new texts of business correspondence into the scientific discourse. In the course of this study, the author solves the following tasks: extraction of documents from the personal files that genre-wise belong to correspondence; determination of genre distinctness of the extracted documents; description of stylistic and functional characteristic of letters and notes. The discursive-communicative analysis of the texts of business correspondence proves that the addresser and the addressee are based on the general social presuppositions. The genre analysis allowed studying the specificity of the genre of business letter and note. For examination of linguistic units of business texts, the author uses the methods of semantic, stylistic and discursive analysis. It is claimed that the hypergenre “personal file” includes a special genre group – business letter or note that manifests as the structural elements of personal file. The author highlights the documents comprising the group of letters/notes based on the formal criterion, i.e. presence of addressee; from the perspective of functional criterion, namely the purpose of document and intention of the addresser; according to discursive-compositional markers, such as form of address or etiquette formula. The article demonstrates the specificity of indicated genres in the particular historical period within the framework of a hypergenre, which is an important addition to the overall picture of the development of business writing, as well as a source for determining normative and stylistic peculiarities of the document on the various language levels.
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Esteva, Maria, Weijia Xu, Suyog Dutt Jain, Jennifer L. Lee, and Wendy K. Martin. "Assessing the Preservation Condition of Large and Heterogeneous Electronic Records Collections with Visualization." International Journal of Digital Curation 6, no. 1 (March 8, 2011): 45–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2218/ijdc.v6i1.171.
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As collections become larger in size, more complex in structure and increasingly diverse in composition, new approaches are needed to help curators assess digital files and make decisions about their long-term preservation. We present research on the use of interactive visualization to analyze file characterization information for the purpose of assessing the preservation condition of a vast collection of complex electronic records. The case study collection contains over 1,000,000 files of diverse formats arranged in varied record structures and record groups. The visualization application uses tree maps and a relational database management system (RDBMS) to represent the collection's arrangement and to show available characterization information at different levels of aggregation, classification and abstraction. Through this visualization interface curators can interact dynamically with the collections' characterization information to discover trends, as well as compare and contrast various file characteristics across the collection. Curators may select and weight the variables that they want to analyze. They can pursue analysis workflows that go from a high-level overview of the collection's preservation condition based on file format risks, to obtaining more detailed results about the condition of record groups and individual records. While there are various digital preservation planning tools available, to our knowledge none have been designed specifically to visually present assessment information across vast and complex collections. We present research to address the need for such a tool.
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Medeiros, Paulo Adelino, Edimar Lopes Costa, Elenice Martins Brasil, Eduardo Akifumi Ono, and Elizabeth Gusmão Affonso. "Diets for grow-out of pirarucu in net cage: performance, physiological parameters, fillet composition and feeding cost." Boletim do Instituto de Pesca 45, no. 4 (September 27, 2019): e532. http://dx.doi.org/10.20950/1678-2305.2019.45.4.532.
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Seo, Hyungyoon, and Goo Kim. "DASH Live Broadcast Traffic Model: A Time-Bound Delay Model for IP-Based Digital Terrestrial Broadcasting Systems." Applied Sciences 11, no. 1 (December 29, 2020): 247. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11010247.
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This paper proposes a live broadcast traffic model for an internet protocol (IP)-based terrestrial digital broadcasting system to transmit dynamic adaptive streaming over hypertext transfer protocol (DASH) media. The IP-based terrestrial digital broadcasting systems such as Advanced Television Systems Committee (ATSC) 3.0 transmit media content (e.g., full high definition and ultra-high definition) in units of DASH segment files. Although the DASH segment file has the same quality and playback time, the size of each DASH segment file can vary according to the media composition. The transmission resource of the terrestrial broadcasting system has increased the transmission capacity of broadcasting with new technologies. However, the transmission capacity is still limited and fixed compared to wired broadcasting networks. Therefore, a problem occurs with the efficiency of broadcasting resources and transmission delay when transmitting a variable segment file to a terrestrial digital broadcasting network. In this paper, the resource efficiency and transmission delay results that occur when transmitting the actual DASH segment file are simulated through the live broadcast traffic model, and the maximum delay time that a viewer accessing the terrestrial broadcast can experience is presented.
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Yeganeh, S., B. Shabanpour, HosseiniH, ImanpouMR, and A. Shabani. "Comparison of farmed and wild common carp (Cyprinus carpio): Seasonal variations in chemical composition and fatty acid profile." Czech Journal of Food Sciences 30, No. 6 (December 1, 2012): 503–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/455/2011-cjfs.
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Chemical composition and fatty acid profile of fillets from farmed and wild common carp were assessed in the course of four seasons. Ten wild and ten0 farmed fish were collected in the middle month of each season (except summer due to unavailability of wild fish) during the year. Lipid and protein contents of the samples decreased from summer to spring (protein: 17.6 ± 0.3–15.9 ± 1.6; 18.2 ± 0.1–17.9 ± 1.4%, in the farmed and wild carp samples, lipid (5.1 ± 0.2–1.5 ± 0.5; 3.8 ± 0.6–2.8 ± 0.9%, respectively; P > 0.05), moisture content of both samples increased in this period (76.7 ± 1.4–81.4 ± 0.4, 75.5 ± 0.6–78.5 ± 0.2 in the farmed and wild carp, respectively). Protein content of wild carp fillet was higher (17.7 ± 0.8% protein vs. and 16.2 ± 1.2%) and moisture content was lower than those of the farmed counterparts (77.65 ± 0.6 vs. and 79.3 ± 0.1, P < 0.05). In all seasons, MUFA were higher than SFA and also the PUFA. In the wild carp fillet, PUFA was higher than SFA in winter and spring but in the farmed carp it was higher in all seasons except the spring. Palmitic, oleic, and DHA were the major SFA, MUFA, and PUFA in the wild carp fillet, respectively. In the farmed carp fillet, the major SFA and MUFA were similar to those in the wild one but linoleic acid was the major PUFA in all seasons. ω-3/ω-6 PUFA ratios in the wild carp fillet were higher than in the farmed counterparts.
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GHAEDIAN, REZA, ERIC ANDREW DECKER, and DAVID JULIAN McCLEMENTS. "Use of Ultrasound to Determine Cod Fillet Composition." Journal of Food Science 62, no. 3 (May 1997): 500–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1997.tb04415.x.
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Buchtová, Hana, Zdeňka Svobodová, Martin Kocour, and Josef Velíšek. "Amino Acid Composition in Fillets of Mirror Crossbreds Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio, Linnaeus 1758)." Acta Veterinaria Brno 78, no. 2 (2009): 337–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2754/avb200978020337.
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The aim of the study was to determine the amino acid composition in fillet proteins of newly bred mirror carp lines. In the experiments, the Hungarian mirror carp (M2) were used at the maternal position. These were crossed with male carp of other breeds (top crossing). They included the Hungarian mirror carp (M2) for the production of a pure line, the Hungarian mirror line (L15), the Israeli breed (DOR70) and the Northern mirror carp (M72). The scaly hybrid of the Ropsha (ROP) and the Tataj (TAT) carp was used as a control. In view of the genetic specification of the carp groups monitored, numerous differences (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05) in the composition of specific amino acids (EAA: Val, Leu, Lys, Arg, Met; NEAA: Asp, Glu, Tyr) and their total amounts (EAAsum, NEAAsum) were found between the scaly control (ROP × TAT) and the pure line M2. Higher amino acid values were found in control hybrids. Compositions of amino acids in fillet muscle tissue of experimental mirror carp (M2 × L15, M2 × DOR70) were practically identical. Compared to the controls (ROP × TAT), these carp groups contained less (P < 0.01) Leu, Lys, Arg and Glu. A composition of amino acids statistically comparable with the controls (ROP × TAT) was found only in the M2 × M72 hybrid with the exception of Glu, which was found in smaller quantities in this hybrid (P < 0.01). In terms of sex differences, the greatest amounts of amino acids were found in fillets of male ROP × TAT controls, the amino acid compositions in male and female mirror carp were practically the same. In this type of evaluation, i.e. regarding amino acid composition, the only carp comparable with the ROP × TAT control is the M2 × M72 hybrid.
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Hanuš, Oto, Libor Janů, Jens Schuster, Josef Kučera, Marcela Vyletělová, and Václava Genčurová. "Exploratory analysis of dynamics of frequency distribution of raw cow milk quality indicators in the Czech Republic." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 59, no. 1 (2011): 83–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201159010083.
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A consistent link of the raw milk quality (RMQ) to the farmer price is essential. The aim was to analyse the properties of milk quality indicators (MQIs) and propose a new synthetic relative MQI (SQSM) from among various individual MQIs. SQSM could serve for consistent inclusion each quality change into the price. The paper was focused on exploratory analysis (normality (N) testing of files of MQIs). On the basis of the results, the MQIs were divided into two groups without and with necessity of original data transformation (TRN). Log and Box–Cox TRNs were tested in terms of possibilities of the files approach to the normal data frequency distribution (FD). The compositional MQIs deviated less and health and hygienic MQIs more from normal FD in original data (P < 0.05). The TRNs approached the data files to N very markedly in health and hygienic MQIs. The synthesis of various values of MQIs into SQSM was proposed. SQSM values were derived from model file of real data about MQIs and validated for use at farmer milk price modifications by the normality FD test. 33.3% of month SQSM files were normal (P > 0.05), the other were very close to the N with negligible deviations. The useability of the SQSM system for the balancing of raw milk purchase price premiums and penalties was tentatively confirmed.
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Prati, Carlo, Fausto Zamparini, Andrea Spinelli, Gian Andrea Pelliccioni, Chiara Pirani, and Maria Giovanna Gandolfi. "Secondary Root Canal Treatment with Reciproc Blue and K-File: Radiographic and ESEM-EDX Analysis of Dentin and Root Canal Filling Remnants." Journal of Clinical Medicine 9, no. 6 (June 18, 2020): 1902. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9061902.
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Secondary root canal treatment requires the complete removal of filling materials with different chemical-physical properties. A newly developed single-use NiTi instrument (Reciproc Blue, RB) may be more effective in root canal retreatment. The aim of the present study was to evaluate morphology and composition of remnants after retreatment with RB compared to traditional K-File technique, in canals obturated with Thermafil/AH Plus. Twenty-four single-rooted human teeth were shaped with NiTi obturated with AH-Plus/Thermafil and retreated using RB NiTi instruments or manual K-Files. Radiographs were taken to evaluate endodontic space and radiopacity of residual filling-material before/after procedures. After retreatment, samples were longitudinally split and observed by environmental scanning electron microscopy connected to energy dispersive X-Ray spectroscopy (ESEM-EDX) to analyze the debris/remnant position, microchemistry, and dentinal surface morphology. Time for retreatments was recorded and compared using one-way ANOVA (p-value = 0.05). Radiopaque filling residuals were found in both groups. RB system resulted statistically faster than manual K-File in retreatment procedure (p < 0.001). Root canal space radiographic appearance obtained after retreatment with RB was wider than K-File (p < 0.05). ESEM-EDX revealed 4 different morphological dentin area. Area-1: debris-free with typical Ca, P, and N composition of dentin and detected in 70% of the surface. Area-2: presence of deproteinized smear layer free from N and debris in 15% of the surface. Area-3: a thick packed smear layer N-free and with fine debris consisting of trace elements from sealer in 10% of the surface. Area-4: packed with debris and trace elements. No difference was observed between both instruments regarding root canal space appearance and ESEM-EDX analysis. Both systems were able to remove filling material but created a dentine morphology composed of packed debris and filling materials embedded into the smear layer. Dentin surface composition resulted in collagen depleted by irrigation procedures. The reciprocating system required less time to complete retreatment.
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YASHIKI, Tatsurou, and Noriyuki SADAOKA. "Fillet Surface Composition Method from 3D Sensed Data Based on Calculation of Fillet Radius Distribution." Journal of the Japan Society for Precision Engineering 74, no. 2 (2008): 175–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2493/jjspe.74.175.
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Hanberry, Brice. "Revisiting historical beech and oak forests in Indiana using a GIS method to recover information from bar charts." PeerJ 6 (July 6, 2018): e5158. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.5158.
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Historical GIS involves applying GIS to historical research. Using a unique method, I recovered historical tree survey information stored in bar chart figures of a 1956 publication. I converted PDF files to TIF files, which is a format for a GIS layer. I then employed GIS tools to measure lengths of each bar in the TIF file and used a regression (R2 = 97%) to convert bar lengths to numerical values of tree composition. I joined this information to a spatial GIS layer of Indiana, USA. To validate results, I compared predictions against an independent dataset and written summaries. I determined that historically (circa 1799 to 1846) in Indiana, oaks were 27% of all trees, beech was 25%, hickories and sugar maple were 7% each, and ash was 4.5%. Beech forests dominated (i.e., >24% of all trees) 44% of 8.9 million ha (i.e., where data were available in Indiana), oak forests dominated 29%, beech and oak forests dominated 4.5%, and oak savannas were in 6% of Indiana, resulting in beech and/or oak dominance in 84% of the state. This method may be valuable to reclaim information available in published figures, when associated raw data are not available.
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Younes, Y., X. F. Garcia, and J. Gagneur. "Étude de l'impact des activités touristiques sur la qualité de l'eau et l'organisation des peuplements macrobenthiques au sein des cours d'eau de la Principauté d'Andorre." Revue des sciences de l'eau 15, no. 1 (April 12, 2005): 421–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/705463ar.
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Le développement considérable de l'activité touristique hivernale et estivale entraîne des perturbations au niveau des principaux cours d'eau andorrans. Il est intéressant d'étudier l'impact de ces perturbations sur des réseaux hydrographiques de haute altitude caractérisés par des conditions du milieu particulières (basse température-forte pente). Les données disponibles concernant la physicochimie et la faune des eaux andorranes sont réduites (PUIG, 1979 ; PEÑA, 1983). Treize stations ont été étudiées dans le cadre de ces travaux. Au cours d'un cycle annuel (automne 1998 à automne 1999), huit prélèvements d'invertébrés benthiques ont été réalisés à chaque station à l'aide d'un filet Surber (vide de maille : 200 µm-surface échantillonnée : 1/ 20e m2). Neuf paramètres physicochimiques (température, pH, conductivité, DCO, DBO5, nitrates, nitrites, ammoniaque, phosphates) ont été mesurés de façon hebdomadaire à chaque station. Le traitement des données physicochimiques par analyses discriminantes révèle l'existence d'un gradient amont-aval de dégradation de la qualité de l'eau. Parallèlement, la qualité de l'eau suit un cycle saisonnier mis en évidence par l'opposition entre campagnes d'été et d'hiver-printemps 1999, d'une part, et campagnes d'automne 1998-1999, d'autre part. L'analyse de la répartition spatiotemporelle de la faune benthique, basée également sur des analyses discriminantes, met en évidence la disparition des taxons polluosensibles dans les stations intermédiaires et aval comme les filtreurs (Simuliidae), les prédateurs (Perlodae, Perlididae, Rhyacophilidae) et les fragmenteurs (Nemouridae, Leuctridae) et l'apparition de nouveaux taxons polluotolérants en aval (Chironomidae, Oligochètes). Ce genre de phénomène a déjà été observé dans d'autres cours d'eau de montagne soumis à des perturbations entraînant l'augmentation de la charge organique (DECAMPS et PUJOL, 1977). Ces taxons polluotolérants comme par exemple, les Oligochètes qui prolifèrent dans la zone aval du cours d'eau principal (Gran Valira) et en aval de l'unique station d'épuration située sur l'Ariège remplacent dans la structure trophique d'autres taxons polluosensibles. Ce phénomène s'observe également au sein d'un même groupe trophique, c'est le cas des prédateurs composés des Perlidae, des Perlodidae et des Rhyacophilidae présents dans les stations de haute altitude et qui disparaissent en aval où ils sont remplacés par les Achètes (Glossiphoniidae). Le calcul de plusieurs indices biologiques d'évaluation de la qualité des eaux (IBGN - BMWP), de richesse et de diversité spécifiques (indices de Shannon et de Margalef), de structure des peuplements (CUMMINS, 1979, 1985) met en évidence la diminution de la richesse et de la diversité spécifiques des stations amont vers les stations aval. L'impact du développement touristique se manifeste à partir des stations de moyenne altitude. Dans ces stations, la pollution est partiellement évacuée, chaque automne, par l'eau de bonne qualité en provenance des zones amont des cours d'eau. Ce phénomène se traduit par une grande variabilité des conditions physicochimiques et de la composition des communautés benthiques. Dans les stations aval, la pollution prend plutôt un caractère chronique suite à la concentration des pollutions en provenance des différentes zones perturbées. La variabilité des conditions du milieu et des assemblages faunistiques est donc moindre. Les résultats obtenus à partir du traitement des données physicochimiques et faunistiques mettent en évidence une dégradation de l'intégrité écologique des cours d'eau (modifications physicochimiques, modifications du peuplement, diminution de la diversité). L'impact des perturbations d'origine anthropique suit un cycle dépendant de la fréquentation touristique. Au cours de ce cycle, alternent deux périodes " critiques " caractérisées par des perturbations hivernales (ski) et estivales (tourisme, randonnées) et une période de " récupération " durant l'automne. Ces travaux ont permis de tester l'hypothèse des perturbations intermédiaires du milieu (CONNELL, 1978 ; RESH, 1988 ; TOWNSEND et al., 1997) et de rechercher les seuils d'intensité des perturbations et/ou l'amplitude de ces perturbations ainsi que leur impact négatif sur la composition faunistique (EDWARD et RYKIEL, 1985 ; PICKETT et al., 1989 ; REICE et al., 1990).
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Lee, Yong-Woo, and David B. Sampson. "Spatial and temporal stability of commercial groundfish assemblages off Oregon and Washington as inferred from Oregon trawl logbooks." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 57, no. 12 (December 1, 2000): 2443–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f00-223.
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Spatial and temporal characteristics of species compositions for 15 major commercial groundfish species off Oregon and Washington (U.S.A.) were studied using Oregon bottom trawl logbook data from 1987 to 1993. Screening procedures to remove questionable data from the original logbook files resulted in the exclusion of information from 46% of the total available tows. Two multivariate methods, detrended correspondence analysis and Ward's hierarchical cluster analysis, were used to derive species ordinations and groupings. A general linear model developed for the primary detrended correspondence analysis axis scores showed that the species compositions were strongly correlated with depth and minimally correlated with the other environmental variables examined (latitude, month, and year). However, there were distinct seasonal changes in species composition at the shallower depths, consistent with the movement of deepwater species onto the shelf during summer. Annual trends in the species compositions were not evident even though the study region is very dynamic oceanographically and was heavily fished during the study period.
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Añibarro-Ortega, Pinela, Barros, Ćirić, Silva, Coelho, Mocan, et al. "Compositional Features and Bioactive Properties of Aloe vera Leaf (Fillet, Mucilage, and Rind) and Flower." Antioxidants 8, no. 10 (October 1, 2019): 444. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox8100444.
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This work aimed to characterize compositional and bioactive features of Aloe vera leaf (fillet, mucilage, and rind) and flower. The edible fillet was analysed for its nutritional value, and all samples were studied for phenolic composition and antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, tyrosinase inhibition, and cytotoxic activities. Dietary fibre (mainly mannan) and available carbohydrates (mainly free glucose and fructose) were abundant macronutrients in fillet, which also contained high amounts of malic acid (5.75 g/100 g dw) and α-tocopherol (4.8 mg/100 g dw). The leaf samples presented similar phenolic profiles, with predominance of chromones and anthrones, and the highest contents were found in mucilage (131 mg/g) and rind (105 mg/g) extracts, which also revealed interesting antioxidant properties. On the other hand, the flower extract was rich in apigenin glycoside derivatives (4.48 mg/g), effective against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MIC = 0.025 mg/mL and MBC = 0.05 mg/mL) and capable of inhibiting the tyrosinase activity (IC50 = 4.85 mg/mL). The fillet, rind, and flower extracts also showed a powerful antifungal activity against Aspergillus flavus, A. niger, Penicillium funiculosum, and Candida albicans, higher than that of ketoconazole. Thus, the studied Aloe vera samples displayed high potential to be exploited by the food or cosmetic industries, among others.
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White, Christopher William, and Ian Quinn. "The Yale-Classical Archives Corpus." Empirical Musicology Review 11, no. 1 (July 8, 2016): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.18061/emr.v11i1.4958.
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The Yale-Classical Archives Corpus (YCAC) contains harmonic and rhythmic information for a dataset of Western European Classical art music. This corpus is based on data from <a href="http://www.classicalarchives.com/">classicalarchives.com</a>, a repository of thousands of user-generated MIDI representations of pieces from several periods of Western European music history. The YCAC makes available metadata for each MIDI file, as well as a list of pitch simultaneities ("salami slices") in the MIDI file. Metadata include the piece's composer, the composer's country of origin, date of composition, genre (e.g., symphony, piano sonata, nocturne, etc.), instrumentation, meter, and key. The processing step groups the file's pitches into vertical slices each time a pitch is added or subtracted from the texture, recording the slice's offset (measured in the number of quarter notes separating the event from the file's beginning), highest pitch, lowest pitch, prime form, scale-degrees in relation to the global key (as determined by experts), and local key information (as determined by a windowed key-profile analysis). The corpus contains 13,769 MIDI files by 571 composers yielding over 14,051,144 vertical slices. This paper outlines several properties of this corpus, along with a representative study using this dataset.
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GERALDO, Andressa Mariza Ribeiro, Larissa CUNHA, Márcio Aquio HOSHIBA, Matheus dos Santos CARDOSO, Vagner Callai SILVA, and Alessandra Sayuri Kikuchi TAMAJUSUKU. "Fillet and carcass yield and fillet chemical composition of piava from fish farming and from the wild." Boletim do Instituto de Pesca 41, especial (September 30, 2015): 743–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.20950/1678-2305.2015v41nep743.
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Szabó, A., R. Romvári, L. Szathmári, T. Molnár, L. Locsmándi, G. Bázár, E. Molnár, P. Horn, and C. Hancz. "Effects of dietary vegetable oil supplementation on fillet quality traits, chemical and fatty acid composition of African catfish (<i>Clarias gariepinus</i>)." Archives Animal Breeding 52, no. 3 (October 10, 2009): 321–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/aab-52-321-2009.
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Abstract. The effects of dietary fish oil (FO), soybean oil (SO) and linseed oil (LO) (12 % crude fat content each) in African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) diets were tested on the fillet flesh quality, chemical and fatty acid (FA) composition, after 3 and 6 weeks of feeding. The bodyweight gain of fish and the fillet dry matter, crude protein and crude fat content was not different among the divergent treatments. High (>20 %) total n3 FA supplementation significantly increased the moisture loss of fillet (FO, LO). Applying the simple FA dilution model (JOBLING 2004a, 2004b), the incorporation dynamics of the most largely dosed FAs were accurately predictable after 3 weeks (R² between observed and estimated data for total n3 FAs: FO 0.95, LO 0.73 and for α-linolenic acid, LO 0.97). In the fillet FA composition the metabolism of n3 acids was more pronounced. The large provision of α-linolenic acid (LO) had a pronounced effect on the longchain, polyunsaturated n3 FA proportions (eicosapentaenoic and docosapentaenoic acids), while no effect was experienced on docosahexaenoic acid. This study suggests that daily bodyweight gain is not, while fillet flesh quality and FA composition is slightly compromised when fish oil is substituted for vegetable oils.
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Zhang, Yan, Xiaomin Ji, Zhu Gao, and Xupeng Wang. "A Method for Yarns Calculation in Sock production." E3S Web of Conferences 179 (2020): 02111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202017902111.
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In socks production, enterprises always confuse how to estimate the quantity of the yarns rapidly and correctly for different kinds of socks. It results in the socks’ costs cannot be calculated in time. This paper aims at the calculation method of yarn used in the socks based on their pattern files and development of the corresponding software so that the quantity of yarns consumption can be calculated timely before the sock production. The composition of sock was introduced and the pattern file for sock production was analysed firstly. Then a concept of Thousand Stitches Weight(TSW) was proposed and the TSWs were determined for some yarns with different knitting structures. On this basis, a process was proposed for the calculation of yarn expending in a sock with different knitting structures before production. Finally, a software was developed to get the results fast and easily. The example shows that the calculation method proposed in this paper is reliable and valuable for hosiery enterprises.
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Decker, Peter, Axel Christian, and Willi E. R. Xylander. "VIRMISCO – The Virtual Microscope Slide Collection." ZooKeys 741 (March 7, 2018): 271–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.741.22284.
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Digitisation allows scientists rapid access to research objects. For transparent to semi-transparent three-dimensional microscopic objects, such as microinvertebrates or small body parts of organisms, available databases are scarce. Most mounting media used for permanent microscope slides deteriorate after some years or decades, eventually leading to total damage and loss of the object. However, restoration is labour-intensive, and often the composition of the mounting media is not known. A digital preservation of important material, especially types, is important and an urgent need. The Virtual Microscope Slide Collection – VIRMISCO project has developed recommendations for taking microscopic image stacks of three-dimensional objects, depositing and presenting such series of digital image files or z-stacks as an online platform. The core of VIRMISCO is an online viewer, which enables the user to virtually focus through an object online as if using a real microscope. Additionally, VIRMISCO offers features such as search, rotating, zooming, measuring, changing brightness or contrast, taking snapshots, leaving feedback as well as downloading complete z-stacks as jpeg files or video file. The open source system can be installed by any institution and can be linked to common database or images can be sent to the Senckenberg Museum of Natural History Görlitz. The benefits of VIRMISCO are the preservation of important or fragile material, to avoid loan, to act as a digital archive for image files and to allow determination by experts from the distance, as well as providing reference libraries for taxonomic research or education and providing image series as online supplementary material for publications or digital vouchers of specimens of molecular investigations are relevant applications for VIRMISCO.
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Deeks, Josephine, Marie-France Verreault, and Winnie Cheung. "Canadian Nutrient File (CNF): Update on Canadian food composition activities." Journal of Food Composition and Analysis 64 (December 2017): 43–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfca.2017.04.009.
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Iskenderov, E. G., V. I. Dvoryanchikov, and Y. A. Dibirov. "Time sampling method in thermal analysis for condensed media." Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii. Fizika, no. 9 (2020): 112–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/00213411/63/9/112.
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Method of time sampling for processing of structured data obtained during thermal analysis of condensed media is presented, based on comparison of maximum time intervals of processes of phase transitions. Proposed method makes it possible to simplify analysis and processing of data obtained as a result of series of experiments and to identify composition, which has the largest value of time interval of phase transition process. To implement the proposed method, a program in the Java programming language was developed, which is a JavaDesktop application with an intuitive graphical interface. The calculation results are exported to a text and graphic file. To verify the feasibility of this method, studies were carried out on melting a series of ice samples and ice-containing compositions of aqueous solutions of inorganic compounds, as a result of which specific samples of compositions with the best thermophysical properties for accumulating cold were obtained from each series.
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Bordawekar, Rajesh. "A case for compositional file systems (extended abstract)." ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review 32, no. 3 (July 1998): 72–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/281258.281280.
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Bae, Seung-Muk, Yong-Hoon Kim, Yil-Hwan You, and Jin-Ha Hwang. "Extraction of Quantitative Parameters for Describing the Microstructure of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells." Microscopy and Microanalysis 19, S5 (August 2013): 140–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927613012518.
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AbstractDigital quantification of a two-dimensional structure was applied to a GDC(Gd2O3-doped CeO2)/LSM(La0.85Sr0.15MnO3) composite cathode employed for solid oxide fuel cells. With the aid of high-resolution imaging capability based on secondary and backscattered electron images, two-dimensional electron micrographs were converted to digital binary files using an image processing tool combined with the line intercept method. Statistical analysis combined with a metallurgical tool was employed to determine microstructural factors, i.e., volume fraction, size distribution, and interconnectivity. The current work reports the quantification of the two-dimensional structural images of GDC/LSM composites applicable to solid oxide fuel cells, with the aim of obtaining the volume fraction, size distribution, and interconnectivity as functions of composite composition. The volume fractions of the solid constituent phases exhibit compositional dependence in cathodes; however, LSM interconnectivity increases gradually as a function of LSM composition, whereas that of GDC decreases significantly at 50 wt% LSM.
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Bosworth, Brian G., and William R. Wolters. "Evaluation of Bioelectric Impedance to Predict Carcass Yield, Carcass Composition, and Fillet Composition in Farm-Raised Catfish." Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 32, no. 1 (March 2001): 72–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-7345.2001.tb00924.x.
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Santos, Sophia, and Isabel Rocha. "Estimation of biomass composition from genomic and transcriptomic information." Journal of Integrative Bioinformatics 13, no. 2 (June 1, 2016): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jib-2016-285.
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SummaryGiven the great potential impact of the growing number of complete genome-scale metabolic network reconstructions of microorganisms, bioinformatics tools are needed to simplify and accelerate the course of knowledge in this field. One essential component of a genomescale metabolic model is its biomass equation, whose maximization is one of the most common objective functions used in Flux Balance Analysis formulations. Some components of biomass, such as amino acids and nucleotides, can be estimated from genome information, providing reliable data without the need of performing lab experiments. In this work a java tool is proposed that estimates microbial biomass composition in amino acids and nucleotides, from genome and transcriptomic information, using as input files sequences in FASTA format and files with transcriptomic data in the csv format. This application allows to obtain the results rapidly and is also a user-friendly tool for users with any or little background in informatics (http://darwin.di.uminho.pt/biomass/). The results obtained using this tool are fairly close to experimental data, showing that the estimation of amino acid and nucleotide compositions from genome information and from transcriptomic data is a good alternative when no experimental data is available.
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Park, Jin Hun, Pavel Pereslavtsev, Alexandre Konobeev, and Christian Wegmann. "Statistical Analysis of Tritium Breeding Ratio Deviations in the DEMO Due to Nuclear Data Uncertainties." Applied Sciences 11, no. 11 (June 4, 2021): 5234. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11115234.
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For the stable and self-sufficient functioning of the DEMO fusion reactor, one of the most important parameters that must be demonstrated is the Tritium Breeding Ratio (TBR). The reliable assessment of the TBR with safety margins is a matter of fusion reactor viability. The uncertainty of the TBR in the neutronic simulations includes many different aspects such as the uncertainty due to the simplification of the geometry models used, the uncertainty of the reactor layout and the uncertainty introduced due to neutronic calculations. The last one can be reduced by applying high fidelity Monte Carlo simulations for TBR estimations. Nevertheless, these calculations have inherent statistical errors controlled by the number of neutron histories, straightforward for a quantity such as that of TBR underlying errors due to nuclear data uncertainties. In fact, every evaluated nuclear data file involved in the MCNP calculations can be replaced with the set of the random data files representing the particular deviation of the nuclear model parameters, each of them being correct and valid for applications. To account for the uncertainty of the nuclear model parameters introduced in the evaluated data file, a total Monte Carlo (TMC) method can be used to analyze the uncertainty of TBR owing to the nuclear data used for calculations. To this end, two 3D fully heterogeneous geometry models of the helium cooled pebble bed (HCPB) and water cooled lithium lead (WCLL) European DEMOs were utilized for the calculations of the TBR. The TMC calculations were performed, making use of the TENDL-2017 nuclear data library random files with high enough statistics providing a well-resolved Gaussian distribution of the TBR value. The assessment was done for the estimation of the TBR uncertainty due to the nuclear data for entire material compositions and for separate materials: structural, breeder and neutron multipliers. The overall TBR uncertainty for the nuclear data was estimated to be 3~4% for the HCPB and WCLL DEMOs, respectively.
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Guy, Jeffrey, and Stephen Nottingham. "Fillet Yield, Biochemical Composition, and Consumer Acceptance of Farmed and Wild Mulloway." Journal of Aquatic Food Product Technology 23, no. 6 (October 9, 2014): 608–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10498850.2012.750636.
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Takao, H., and H. Hasegawa. "Influence of alloy composition on fillet-lifting phenomenon in tin binary alloys." Journal of Electronic Materials 30, no. 5 (May 2001): 513–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11664-001-0091-2.
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Saputra, Dede, and Tati Nurhayati. "Teknik Pengawetan Fillet Ikan Nila Merah dengan Senyawa Anti Bakteri asal Lactobacillus Acidophilus dan Bifido Bacteria Biffidum." ComTech: Computer, Mathematics and Engineering Applications 5, no. 2 (December 1, 2014): 1021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21512/comtech.v5i2.2358.
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Red tilapia is a good commodity to be developed because it has a high nutritional value composition, with a protein content 17.8%, fat 2.8%, and others composition. The fillet of red tilapia fish is easy to spoil, because of S. aureus, Salmonella sp., and other microbes. Many methods are used to save and preserve the quality of fillet, such fillet preparation through good sanitation practices, cooling process, but the effort were not optimal. The objectives of this study were to 1) evaluate the potency of antibacterial produced by Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacteria biffidum to inhibit the growth of spoilage bacteria that contaminated the red tilapia fillet; 2) evaluate the effect of antibacterial compounds produced by Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacteria biffidum of inhibiting the setback fillet quality, 3) determine the shelf life of red tilapia fillet at room temperature. Antibacterial activity test is done by using the well diffusion method; the rate of deterioration of quality of fish tests done by observing the organoleptic parameters, pH measurement test, total volatile base method. Total number of bacteria were performed by Standard Plate Count (SPC) test. The LAB’s are able to inhibit the growth of spoilage bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa about 8.67-9.00 mm and Listeria monocytogenes about 8.33-9.00 mm through the well diffusion method. pH values about 5.71-5.74, TVB values about 1,26-21.43 with SPC test about 1.39-4.83 CFU/mL. The antibacterial compounds could inhibit the rate of deterioration of quality red tilapia fillets until 14 hours.
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HERISSONE, REBECCA. "““Fowle Originalls”” and ““Fayre Writeing””: Reconsidering Purcell's Compositional Process." Journal of Musicology 23, no. 4 (2006): 569–619. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jm.2006.23.4.569.
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ABSTRACT Purcell's surviving autographs have long been a source of fascination, and the extensive evidence they preserve of his working methods has been examined in several academic studies. However, methodology has focused on analyzing notational changes within the sources, and neither the appropriateness of the standard labels ““working draft”” and ““fair copy”” nor the directness of the relationship between the creation of a composition and its encoding in notation has been questioned. This article challenges current assumptions about Purcell's compositional processes, arguing that because the autographs were created for specific, often practical, purposes not necessarily directly connected to the compositional process itself, it is misleading to interpret them divorced from their function and the cultural and social contexts in which they were produced. There are three main factors that help us to determine the different purposes for which the manuscripts were copied: First, Purcell maintained a clear separation between different genres of music in both his private and court scorebooks, so it is possible that his compositional techniques varied between repertories; second, Shay and Thompson have established that the methods Purcell used to record his compositions changed as his employment conditions altered; and third, it is clear from contemporary descriptions that the modern tendency to translate the Restoration terms ““fowle originall”” and ““fayre writeing”” as ““rough draft”” and ““fair copy”” is misleading, and that Purcell's ““fowle originalls”” were not essentially private documents of his work in progress. Instead, the sources seem to have been notated for at least five different purposes, the categories including performance materials, file copies, and what we might term ““transmission”” copies, which, as Robert Ford has highlighted, were sent by the composer to provincial colleagues. Analysis of the autographs surviving for two contrasting genres——liturgical sacred music, written for choir and organ alone, and court odes——serves to illustrate the ways in which a contextual perspective on the sources can transform our understanding of Purcell's compositional methods, particularly when considered alongside significant nonautograph sources. There are distinct differences between the functions for which the manuscripts for these repertories were copied, with a notable emphasis in the liturgical sacred music on transmission around the provinces. More significantly, however, the extant ““fowle originalls”” for the two genres demonstrate variations of approach in the earliest notated stages, while comparisons between the two main court scorebooks and related non-autograph sources indicate that file copies were also produced for different reasons and do not relate to the cre-ation of performance materials in the same way. The manuscripts also suggest that more of Purcell's compositional amendments in the liturgical sacred music may have been made without a specific performance context in mind than has previously been thought, an observation that draws into question modern assumptions about the ontological centrality of musical performance in this period.
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Carr, Martin J., William F. Chambers, and David Melgaard. "A Search/Match Procedure for Electron Diffraction Data Based on Pattern Matching in Binary Bit Maps." Powder Diffraction 1, no. 3 (September 1986): 226–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0885715600011751.
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AbstractA unique file structure and search algorithm have been developed for the purpose of obtaining matches between experimental electron diffraction and qualitative energy dispersive X-ray compositional data from an unknown crystalline phase and the reference data in the JCPDS Powder Diffraction File. The reference data for over 32,000 inorganic compounds from sets 1–33 were compressed and stored in binary format as bit pattern maps. The entire data set and searching programs require less than 4 Mbyte and retain the precision appropriate for electron diffraction analysis. The search algorithm, written in both RT-11 FORTRAN and Flextran, is based on pattern matching between bit maps obtained for the unknown and reference compounds for both composition and diffraction data. Special attention is given to double diffraction effects commonly encountered in electron diffraction analysis. The programs run on an interactive basis on a microcomputer dedicated to the X-ray energy dispersive spectrometer on an analytical electron microscope. A typical search takes about 15 seconds to run and extracts about 10–15 different compounds.
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Alam, S. N., Prerna Mishra, and Rajnish Kumar. "Effect of Ag on Sn–Cu and Sn–Zn lead free solders." Materials Science-Poland 33, no. 2 (June 1, 2015): 317–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/msp-2015-0048.
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AbstractLead and lead-containing compounds are considered as toxic substances due to their detrimental effect on the environment. Sn-based soldering systems, like Sn-Cu and Sn-Zn are considered as the most promising candidates to replace the eutectic Sn-Pb solder compared to other solders because of their low melting temperature and favorable properties. Eutectic Sn-0.7 wt.% Cu and near eutectic composition Sn-8 wt.% Zn solders have been considered here for study. For the Sn-Cu system, besides the eutectic Sn-0.7 wt.% Cu composition, Sn-1Cu and Sn-2Cu were studied. Three compositions containing Ag: Sn-2Ag-0.7Cu, Sn-2.5Ag-0.7Cu and Sn-4.5Ag-0.7Cu were also developed. Ag was added to the eutectic Sn-0.7 wt.% Cu composition in order to reduce the melting temperature of the eutectic alloy and to enhance the mechanical properties. For the Sn-Zn system, besides the Sn-8 wt.% Zn near eutectic composition, Sn-8Zn-0.05Ag, Sn-8Zn-0.1Ag and Sn-8Zn-0.2Ag solder alloys were developed. The structure and morphology of the solder alloys were analyzed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), filed emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), electron diffraction X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Thermal analysis of the alloys was also done using a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). Trace additions of Ag have been found to significantly reduce the melting temperature of the Sn-0.7 wt.% Cu and Sn-8 wt.% Zn alloys.