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Journal articles on the topic 'Composition orale'
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Maniez, François. "Representation of Conversational Style in the Oral Components of the BNC and the COCA : Towards the Description of a Mixed Genre." Recherches anglaises et nord-américaines 50, no. 1 (2017): 91–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/ranam.2017.1551.
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Les parties orales de corpus de référence tels que le British National Corpus (BNC) et le Corpus of American Contemporary American (COCA) sont de plus en plus utilisées pour l’enseignement de l’anglais. Cependant, la composition de ces deux corpus est rarement évoquée, et les chercheurs semblent généralement supposer qu’ils sont de même nature. Dans la mesure où sa partie orale représente 20% de l’ensemble du corpus, le COCA semble à cet égard avoir un avantage sur le BNC, dont la composante orale ne représente que 10% des 101 millions - corpus de mots. Cependant, alors que la partie orale du BNC contient plus de 4 millions de mots consistant en des transcriptions d’entretiens avec des locuteurs britanniques, le COCA est exclusivement composé de «transcriptions de conversations non scénarisées provenant de plus de 150 émissions de télévision et de radio» (Davies, 2010). Nous décrivons en premier lieu la composition des deux principaux corpus susmentionnés et soulignons les différences entre le contenu de leurs parties orales, puis nous comparons le BNC et le COCA en termes de fréquence pour l’utilisation combinée de marqueurs de vague language tels que «you know », «I mean » ou «sort of like». Nous décrivons enfin l’utilisation du corpus ENCOW16 pour l’étude de la structure syntaxique d’apparition récente «so not» en tant qu’indicé de la langue orale. Nos résultats démontrent que l’utilisation de corpus extraits de la Toile en lieu et place de corpus de plus faible taille (dans lesquels celle de la partie orale n’est pas suffisante pour refléter fidèlement les usages rares ou d’apparition récente) constitue une voie intéressante pour l’étude du genre du discours oral.
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Pichette, Jean-Pierre. "Éditer des contes de tradition orale : pour qui? comment?" Port Acadie, no. 16-17 (December 22, 2010): 13–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/045126ar.
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Depuis le milieu du xixe siècle en France et au tournant du xxe siècle en Amérique française, les chercheurs sont confrontés à l’épineux problème de l’édition des récits de tradition orale. Cet atelier, qui coïncide avec une dynamique très actuelle de retour au conte, a pris la forme d’un séminaire « sur mesure » où des spécialistes de ces questions – collecteurs, transcripteurs, éditeurs et analystes qui évoluent dans les contextes pluriels de la francophonie internationale — ont livré leurs points de vue sur la méthode de transcription et la composition du recueil de contes d’après leur expérience particulière des difficultés rencontrées et des meilleures solutions trouvées. Ces journées d’étude, qui sont au coeur des activités de la Chaire de recherche en oralité des francophonies minoritaires d’Amérique (Cofram) et qui préparent le grand projet d’établissement d’un corpus de littérature orale (Éclore), devaient servir à mettre au point un modèle d’édition approprié aux sources orales, souple et intelligible au plus grand nombre, en vue de favoriser vraiment leur utilisation et, peut-être, la relance des études en littérature orale.
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Tavakol, Showan. "Un paradigme contemporain d’un principe hétérophonique propre au Moyen-Orient." Intersections 41, no. 1 (2021): 127–57. https://doi.org/10.7202/1114855ar.
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L’auteur de l’article s’appuie sur une hypothèse fondamentale pour structurer son analyse : la prédominance d’une texture musicale hétérophonique, inhérente aux traditions orales du système modale du maqâm et du dastgâh (régimes modaux de l’Asie occidentale et du Moyen-Orient). Cette texture spécifique constitue le fondement de son inspiration. Le profil du musicien-compositeur de l’auteur de l’article, qui est à la fois un virtuose du kamâncheh issu de la tradition orale iranienne et un compositeur de musique contemporaine occidentale, est la clé de lecture de cet article hybride mêlant musicologie et composition. En tant que musicien traditionnel, il débute par la transcription et l’analyse de ces traditions orales pour déceler les mécanismes sous-jacents de cette hétérophonie régionale, avant, en tant que compositeur contemporain occidental, de s’en inspirer pour créer une texture similaire dans un quatuor à cordes, qu’il soumet ensuite à une analyse approfondie des éléments hétérophoniques intégrés.
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Lefebvre, Richard. "L’animal de rencontre dans la tradition orale algonquienne." Voix Plurielles 12, no. 2 (2015): 167–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.26522/vp.v12i2.1278.
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L’article interroge la représentation de l’animal dans les scènes de rencontre, une situation fréquente dans les récits de la tradition orale algonquienne enregistrés par les ethnologues au cours du vingtième siècle. L’analyse de ces scènes permet de conclure que les thèmes narratifs, les transactions dans les dialogues, la sphère d’action du personnage animal, ainsi que ses relations avec des personnages appartenant à d’autres espèces sont subordonnés en partie aux impératifs techniques de la composition orale. Deux considérations viennent cependant nuancer cette conclusion : 1) à la différence de ce qu’on retrouve dans la littérature humaniste, la conception algonquienne du monde ne propose pas une opposition constitutive entre l’homme et l’animal ; 2) les transcriptions ethnographiques ne rendent pas compte des multiples canaux de la performance, à travers lesquels la communication corporelle (embodied communication) entre les espèces est représentée.
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Souza, Eneida Maria De. "A comédia da escrita à Maria do Carmo." Cadernos de Linguística e Teoria da Literatura 6, no. 12 (2016): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.17851/0101-3548.6.12.77-91.
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Resumo: Esta leitura, centrada na relação entre oralidade e escrita, tem como objeto a reflexão do conceito de memória como processo de composição da poesia oral e de seu registro escrito.Résumé: Cette lecture, centrée sur le rapport entre l'oralité et l'êcriture, a pour objet la réflexion sur le concept de mémorie en tant que procédé de composition de la poésie orale, ainsi que de son registre écrit.
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PETREA, AIDA. "Arcanul – un morceau d’histoire de la Bucovine transposée sous la forme d’une danse populaire." Revista de etnografie și folclor / Journal of Ethnography and Folklore 2025, no. 1-2 (2025): 162–80. https://doi.org/10.59277/jef.2025.1-2.11.
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Selon la tradition orale de Bucovine, la danse folklorique Arcanul constitue une mise en scène de l’événement historique du régime féodal, lorsque des jeunes gens étaient enlevés contre leur gré du village et forcés de partir à l’armée. Cette danse avait autrefois sa propre composition chorégraphique. Aujourd’hui, bien que la composition chorégraphique du passé ne soit plus respectée, la plupart des figures avec de petites modifications sont conservées en fonction de la compétence artistique et de l’imagination des chorégraphes. Il faut également tenir compte que la danse a été transmise de génération en génération, ce qui, au fil du temps, a influencé l’approche scénique et les figures dansées. Quant au groupe de danseurs qui l’exécutent, il faut mentionner qu’elle était autrefois une danse mixte, mais qu’aujourd’hui elle est attribuée entièrement aux hommes, étant considérée comme une danse masculine. La ligne mélodique est restée la même, ainsi que la plupart des figures spécifiques de la danse Arcanul, ce qui la rend facile à reconnaître.
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Silva-Semik, Véronique Le Dü da. "De alpha à l'oméga." DLCV 19 (February 24, 2023): e023001. http://dx.doi.org/10.22478/ufpb.2237-0900.2023v19.65227.
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L’acrostiche alphabétique (Abc poétique) aujourd’hui connu comme A.B.C. de cordel est une forme poétique traditionnelle séculaire. C’est une œuvre poétique énumérative, descriptive et parfois narrative qui loue les parties constitutives d’un sujet précis de de « A à Z ». L’étude diachronique et thématique d’un vaste corpus qui traverse l’histoire de la chrétienté montre que dans la composition des psaumes, des hymnes et de chants en langue vernaculaire la lettre alphabétique est souveraine. Elle a un double effet : d’une part, elle offre au fidèle l’effet d’une complétude mystique, d’autre part, c’est un soutien puissant à la mémorisation qui a servi au développement de la foi chrétien dans l’Occident et au développement de la tradition mariale qui s’est préservée depuis le VIe siècle dans l’Église byzantine jusqu’à nos jours dans les textes collectés au Brésil dans la tradition orale.
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Michel, Philippe. "La mémoire vive des feuilles mortes, exemple d’un jazz entre tradition orale et composition instantanée." Textuel 34/44 41, no. 1 (2002): 201–9. https://doi.org/10.3406/textu.2002.1568.
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Menant des recherches sur les rapports entre les différentes formes d’expression musicale écrites et/ou improvisées au XXe siècle, et m’intéressant plus particulièrement au Jazz, musique de métissage typique(s) du XXe siècle, s’il en est, l’axe de la communication se constituera à partir de la présence/absence de la partition dans ce genre musical, notamment dans la pratique jazz par des petites formations. A travers la pratique musicale par des petites formations, la partition prend justement un aspect très virtualisé, se réduisant en quelques sortes à une forme de mémoire collective, la contrainte des synchronies polyphoniques/harmoniques de l’orchestre s’y trouvant moindre que dans le Jazz de Big-bands (ce Jazz là nécessitant, quant à lui, la cohésion des pupitres mélodiques et, partant, la présence réelle de la partition écrite). L’analyse s’appuiera particulièrement sur une version chargée d’histoire du célébrissime «standard» de Jazz : Autumn Leaves (d’après la chanson en version française de Kosma et Prévert), d’où est issu le titre de la conférence.
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Gidal, Barry E., Melissa M. Maly, Jonathon W. Kowalski, Paul A. Rutecki, Michael E. Pitterle, and Donna E. Cook. "Gabapentin Absorption: Effect of Mixing with Foods of Varying Macronutrient Composition." Annals of Pharmacotherapy 32, no. 4 (1998): 405–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1345/aph.17281.
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OBJECTIVE: To compare the oral absorption profile of gabapentin following administration of the contents of opened capsules that were mixed with food vehicles of varied macronutrient (protein) composition. DESIGN: An unblinded, randomized, single-dose, four-way crossover pharmacokinetic study in nine healthy adult men and women volunteers. METHODS: Following an overnight fast, a single 600-mg dose of gabapentin (2 times 300-mg Neurontin capsules) was given either as an intact capsule swallowed with 120 mL of tap water (control, phase I), or after capsule contents were opened and mixed with; 4 oz. of applesauce (phase II), 120 mL of orange juice (phase III), or 4 oz. of fat-free chocolate pudding (phase IV). Subjects fasted for 4 hours following drug ingestion. Serial venous blood samples were obtained over 24 hours to determine gabapentin serum concentrations. Pharmacokinetic variables including AUC, maximum serum concentration (Cmax), and time to maximum serum concentration (tmax) were calculated by using standard noncompartmental methods. Subjects served as their own controls, and were randomly crossed over following a minimum 7-day washout period. Statistical analysis was performed by using ANOVA and Student's t-test where appropriate. RESULTS: No statistically significant differences in any kinetic variable were found between any study arm. A trend was noted for a modest increase in both Cmax and AUC in phase IV (chocolate pudding) compared with control (+18.6% and +13.2%, respectively). In a comparison of protein (phase IV) versus nonprotein phases (phases I–III), gabapentin AUC was 26% greater (47.28 ± 14.65 vs. 37.43 ± 9.78 μg/mL·h; p = 0.03), and Cmax was 32% higher (4.72 ± 1.04 vs. 3.56 ± 0.92 μg/mL; p = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS: Opening and mixing the contents of gabapentin capsules does not significantly impair drug absorption. This may be a viable administration option for patients who are unable to swallow intact capsules. Dietary macronutrient composition (i.e., protein) may favorably influence gabapentin oral absorption. OBJETIVO: Evaluar la absorción oral de gabapentin al mezclar el contenido de las cápsulas con varios macronutrientes. DISEÑO: Estudio farmacocinético abierto, randomizado de intercambio de cuatro ramas de tratamiento. Se realizó en nueve voluntarios sanos. MÉTODOS: Después de ayunar, los sujetos recibieron una dosis de 600 mg de gabapentin (dos cápsulas de Neurontin de 300 mg). Cada sujeto participó en cuatro ramas o fases del estudio siguiendo un orden aleatorio. Esperaron por lo menos 7 días entre cada fase. En la fase 1, o control, tomaron la dosis de cápsulas enteras de gabapenton con 120 mL de agua de chorro. En las otras tres fases, se mezcló el contenido de las cápsulas con: 4 onzas de salsa de manzana (fase II), 120 mL de jugo de naranja (fase III), o 4 onzas de pudín de chocolate sin grasas (fase IV). Los sujetos se quedaron en ayunas por cuatro horas después de ingerir gabapentin. Para determinar concentraciones séricas de gabapentin se obtuvieron muestras sanguíneas seriales durante un período de 24 horas. Usando métodos estandard noncompartamentales se calcularon las siguientes variables farmacocinéticas: AUC, Cmax, y tmax. Se utilizaron ANOVA y Student's t-test para realizar los análisis estadísticos. RESULTADOS: No se encontró ninguna diferencia estadística significante entre las variables farmaconcinéticas en ninguna de las ramas del estudio. Sin embargo, en comparación con el control fase I, se notó una tendencia hacia un aumento modesto en la Cmax y el AUC en la fase IV (pudín de chocolate [+18.6% y +13.2%, respectivamente]). El AUC fue 26% mayor (47.28 ± 14.65 vs. 37.43 ± 9.78 μg/mL/h; p = 0.03) y la Cmax 32% mayor (4.72 ± 1.04 vs. 3.56 ± 0.92 μg/mL; p = 0.003) al comparar los resultados de fase IV (proteínica) con las fases I—III (sin proteínas). CONCLUSIONES: Los datos sugieren la absorción de gabapentin no se altera cuando se mezcla el contenido de las cápsulas con varios nutrientes. Esta ruta de administración es un método alternativo para pacientes que no pueden tragar las cápsulas enteras. Los datos también sugieren que la composición de los macronutrientes (proteína en particular) puede influir de manera positiva la absorción oral de gabapentin. OBJECTIF: Compare le profil d'absorption orale du gabapentin suite à l'administration de capsules mélangées à de la nourriture de composition protínique différente. DEVIS EXPÉRIMENTAL: Étude randomisée, ouverte à dose unique en chassécroisé chez neur volontaires sains adultes. MÉTHODOES: Après un jeûne nocturne, une dose unique de 600 mg de gabapentin (deux capsules de 300 mg) fut administrée sous différentes conditions: entiètres avec un verre d'eau (phase I, groupe contrôle) ou encore mélangées avec soit 4 onces de purée de pommes (phase II), soit 120 mL de jus d'oranges (phase III), ou soit 4 onces de pouding au chocolat sans gras (phase IV). Les volontaires sont demeurés à jeun jusqu'à 4 heures après la dose orale. Des échantillons sanguins furent prélevés sur 24 heures en vue de déterminer les concentrations sériques du gabapentin. Les paramètres cinétiques tels l'aire sous la courbe, le Cmax et le tmax furent calculés par la méthode non compartimentale. Les volontaires furent assignés à une séquence des phases au hasard et une période de 7 jours les séparait. L'analyse statistique fut effectuée via le t-test de Student et l'analyse de variance, selon le cas. RÉSULTATS: Aucune différence significative des paramètres cinétiques ne fut observée. Cependant, une tendance fut notée entre l'élévation modérée du Cmax et l'aire sous la courbe en phase IV et celle observée en phase I (+18.6% vs. +13.2%). Lorsqu'on compare la phase protéinique (phase IV) et celles non protéiniques (I–III), l'aire sous la courbe du gabapentin est 26% plus élevée (47.28 ± 14.65 vs. 37.43 ± 9.78 μg/mL· h; p = 0.03) et le Cmax est 32% plus élevé (4.72 ± 1.04 vs. 3.56 ± 0.92 μg/mL; p = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS: Nos données suggèrent que mélanger le contenu de la capsule de gabapentin à de la nourriture n'en altère aucunement l'absorption. Cette possibilité s'avère une option pratique pour les patients qui sont incapables d'avaler les capsules intactes. Par contre, la composition de la diète, en particulier les protéines, semble augmenter favorablement l'absorption orale du gabapentin.
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Harkin, Treasa. "Interactive Scores at the Irish Traditional Music Archive (ITMA)." Fontes Artis Musicae 71, no. 3 (2024): 190–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/fam.2024.a939060.
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English Abstract: Founded in 1987, the Irish Traditional Music Archive (ITMA) is home to the largest, most comprehensive collection of Irish traditional music, song, and dance in the world. Interactive scores are one method used by ITMA to open up the collections to those who cannot read music, as Irish traditional music is primarily an oral tradition. The ITMA Web site is now home to over 10,000 interactive scores taken from out-of-copyright publications and manuscripts. Compositions also feature as interactive scores through the monthly composer series ’Saothar // new compositions for the tradition’. This series highlights the work of a different composer each month and provides a suite of learning resources, including interactive scores, for each composition. French Abstract: Fondées en 1987, les archives de musique traditionnelle irlandaise (ITMA) abritent la plus grande et la plus complète collection de musique, de chansons et de danses traditionnelles irlandaises au monde. Les partitions interactives sont l’une des méthodes utilisées par ITMA pour ouvrir les collections à ceux qui ne savent pas lire la musique, la musique traditionnelle irlandaise étant avant tout une tradition orale. Le site web de l’ITMA propose aujourd’hui plus de 10 000 partitions interactives extraites de publications et de manuscrits non soumis au droit d’auteur. Des compositions sont également présentées sous forme de partitions interactives dans le cadre de la série mensuelle « Saothar // nouvelles compositions pour la tradition ». Cette série met en lumière l’œuvre d’un compositeur différent chaque mois et fournit une série de ressources pédagogiques, y compris des partitions interactives, pour chaque composition. German Abstract: Das 1987 gegründete Irish Traditional Music Archive (ITMA) beherbergt die weltweit größte und umfassendste Sammlung aus traditioneller irischer Musik, Liedern und Tänzen. Da irische traditionelle Musik in erster Linie mündlich überliefert ist, sind interaktive Noten ein Werkzeug, mit dem das ITMA die Sammlungen für diejenigen zugänglich macht, die keine Noten lesen können. Auf der ITMA-Webseite finden sich mittlerweile über 10.000 interaktive Notenausgaben aus urheberrechtlich nicht mehr geschützten Veröffentlichungen und Manuskripten. In der monatli-chen Komponistenreihe „Saothar // neue Kompositionen für die Tradition“ werden auch aktuelle Kompositionen als interaktive Partituren angeboten. Diese Reihe stellt jeden Monat die Arbeit einer/eines Komponistin/Komponisten in den Mittelpunkt und bietet ein Bündel an Lernmaterial für jede Komposition, darunter interaktive Partituren.
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Belly, Marlène. "Le cantique sur timbre dans le répertoire de Montfort : une expression des marges." Port Acadie, no. 24-25-26 (October 31, 2013): 136–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1019130ar.
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Connu pour ses aptitudes à galvaniser les foules, Louis-Marie Grignion de Montfort, missionnaire du xviiie siècle, « fait du fruit dans ses missions » par la mise en chant de son message. Il laisse à sa postérité une somme de quelque 23 000 vers dont on trouve encore de nos jours des traces aussi bien dans l’Hexagone que sur les terres du Canada francophone, aussi bien dans les recueils publiés que dans les fonds de collectes sonores. Bien que destinées à une profération vocale, les poésies de Montfort ne présentent aucune notation musicale. Seule l’inscription, en tête de chaque poème, du syntagme « sur l’air de... », suivi d’un groupe lexical – Réveillez-vous..., Derrière chez mon père –, rend possible le chant. Principe d’écriture communément désigné par l’appellation « composition sur timbre », il confère à son auteur un rôle de parolier, de rimeur. Toutefois, si Montfort n’est pas le créateur des lignes musicales, il organise la rencontre entre sa matière poétique et un support mélodique puisé dans un fonds usuel. Les choix opérés pour réaliser la fusion texte/musique semblent n’avoir rien de hasardeux. Montfort, et après lui les montfortains, s’appuient largement sur les spécificités de la mémoire orale collective pour rendre le principe efficace. Cet exposé présente l’usage fait par le milieu religieux de ce fonds oral populaire. Suite à l’analyse des timbres retenus par Montfort, le propos tente une mise en relation entre les airs choisis et le succès ou non de certains cantiques. L’étude positionne le cantique populaire montfortain comme un espace transitionnel entre populaire et savant, entre profane et religieux, entre oral et écrit. Fondée sur la dynamique des réactivations de mémoire, l’oeuvre de Montfort et, de manière plus générale, les compositions sur timbre se posent alors en vecteur actif de la transmission et de la promotion des patrimoines chansonniers de la francophonie.
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Chaiyasut, Chaiyavat, Bhagavathi Sundaram Sivamaruthi, Muruganantham Bharathi, et al. "Influence of Gallic Acid-Containing Mouth Spray on Dental Health and Oral Microbiota of Healthy Cats—A Pilot Study." Veterinary Sciences 9, no. 7 (2022): 313. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vetsci9070313.
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This pilot study aimed to investigate the effects of gallic acid-containing mouth spray on oral microbiota in healthy cat subjects. Forty healthy cats were recruited and randomly allocated to the control (G1; n = 20) and treatment groups (G2; n = 20). The cats were treated with mouth spray twice daily for 42 days. The changes in the gingival index (GI) and plaque index (PI) were measured at baseline (day 0) and end of the study (42nd day). The changes in the oral microbial composition of representative animals (control, n = 9; and treatment, n = 8) were also evaluated at baseline and end of the study. Oral microbial composition was assessed by amplifying the V1–V3 region of the 16S rRNA gene from supragingival dental plaque DNA extracts. The sequences were annotated using the QIIME 2.0. The GI and PI were significantly reduced after 42 days of treatment. The deep sequencing revealed that mouth spray influenced the cats’ oral microbiome and was significantly diverse. About 20 phyla and 59 species were observed after 42 days of mouth spray usage in cats’ oral microbiota. The number of operational taxonomic units (OTUs) of post-treatment samples (PoTS) of G2 was greatly reduced compared to other samples. Further analysis revealed that mouth spray acts substantially against Desulfomicrobium orale, one of the known pathogens in periodontal disease. The mouth spray efficiently reduced the growth of 22 species and uprooted 17 species. Moreover, the mouth spray supported the growth of normal oral microbiota, including Moraxella and Neisseria species. The preliminary study suggested that the gallic acids-containing mouth spray could be an essential oral product to improve the oral hygiene of the cats. Moreover, further studies are needed to confirm the beneficial effect of mouth spray on cats.
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Kamal, R., M. Kharbach, M. Eljemli, A. Bouklouze, Y. Cherrah, and K. Alaoui. "Activité anti-inflammatoire in vivo de l’huile d’argan." Phytothérapie 18, no. 5 (2019): 255–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3166/phyto-2019-0113.
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L’huile d’argan se distingue par un profil biochimique particulier, riche en acides gras oléique et linoléique, en tocophérols, en stérols, en polyphénols et en alcools triterpéniques, lui conférant des propriétés nutritionnelles, thérapeutiques et préventives contre certaines affections dermatologiques, métaboliques et prolifératives. L’objectif de ce travail est de savoir si la composition de l’huile d’argan pourrait également lui conférer une activité anti-inflammatoire éventuellement influencée par le mode d’extraction de l’huile. Les propriétés anti-inflammatoires de l’huile d’argan extraite selon deux différents procédés, traditionnel à la meule et moderne par presse, ont été évaluées in vivo sur des œdèmes induits par la carragénine et par traumatisme expérimental chez le rat Wistar. L’administration orale de l’huile d’argan traditionnelle à la dose de 5 ml/kg révèle une réduction significative du volume de la patte des rats de 70,52 % (œdème à la carragénine) et de 60,56 % (œdème par traumatisme), comparativement aux rats témoins et aux rats traités par l’indométacine molécule de référence, administrée à 10 et 20 mg/kg VO. En revanche, l’huile d’argan obtenue par presse à 5 ml/kg VO provoque une réduction significativement plus faible des œdèmes, soit de 48,24 % (œdème à la carragénine) et de 45,77 % (œdème par traumatisme). Nos résultats révèlent ainsi une activité antiinflammatoire de l’huile d’argan avec une meilleure efficacité de l’huile d’argan traditionnelle par rapport à l’huile d’argan de presse.
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Minard, Évelyne. "La pulsion orale, support de l'inter-texte dans la composition de José Casals "Chapitre XIII de La traición de Rita Hayworth"." Caravelle 51, no. 1 (1988): 59–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/carav.1988.2384.
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Lucci, Carlamaria. "Une peinture sur vase grec à l’Antikenmuseum de Bâle (BS 477) : une esquisse d’exploitation didactique." Babylonia Journal of Language Education 3 (September 9, 2023): 30–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.55393/babylonia.v3i.276.
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Les peintures sur vases représentent des ressources précieuses pour l’enseignement/apprentissage de la langue et de la culture grecques anciennes dans la mesure où elles offrent un aperçu de la vie quotidienne et/ou de l’imaginaire héroïque des Grecs. L’opportunité de familiariser des élèves avec ces ressources est aujourd’hui redoublée du fait qu’à l’option de visites réelles des musées qui les abritent s’ajoute l’option de contacts virtuels et ciblés par le recours au numérique. Dans ma contribution, je proposerai une esquisse de séquence didactique axée sur le contact réel et virtuel avec une peinture sur vase qui est actuellement conservée à l’Antikenmuseum de Bâle (BS 477 ; n°. Beazley Archive 203796). La particularité de cette céramique peinte, fabriquée dans un atelier athénien au début du Ve s. av. J.-C., est de réunir sur ses deux faces principales plusieurs personnages (identifiables par des inscriptions) présents aussi dans l’Iliade, le poème héroïque des Grecs par excellence, issu d’une tradition vraisemblablement antérieure à sa composition autour des VIIIe-VIe s. av. J.-C. La séquence d’enseignement, proposée d’une manière à être adaptée à des prérequis variables selon le niveau scolaire (secondaire I ou secondaire II), portera plus précisément sur une comparaison entre certains extraits de l’Iliade et les images qui se trouvent sur les deux faces principales du vase, avec l’objectif de sensibiliser les élèves à la variation et à la flexibilité de la tradition héroïque grecque entre voie orale/aurale et voie iconographique.
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Pichette, Jean-Pierre. "Du « cochon qui pète » à « La Pucelle qui voulait voler en l’air ». Fabliaux et récits initiatiques contemporains de tradition orale." Cahiers Charlevoix 15 (2024): 125–216. https://doi.org/10.7202/1114128ar.
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En ouvrant le « cabinet secret du folklore », illustré d’abord par le dépouillement de son enquête sur les tabous sexuels et naturels, Jean-Pierre Pichette a montré dans un essai précédent à quel point l’ignorance du mot juste et un contexte socioculturel rigoriste ont favorisé l’éclosion d’un langage crypté et coloré, d’une richesse inouïe, pour désigner l’appareil reproducteur des corps masculin et féminin. Il complète maintenant son étude en reliant les écrits littéraires des siècles passés avec les données contemporaines de terrain qu’il a recueillies et qui composent cette littérature de l’innommable. En observant comment ces dires convoquent la métaphore pour atténuer la description de l’activité sexuelle, il ordonne leur emploi dans une séquence évolutive, depuis les mots détournés pour éviter la réprobation (interdits sexuels et naturels) en passant par leur mise à l’essai risquée (comptines, jeux de mots, parodies) jusqu’à leur développement en récits licencieux (dits, chansons et contes équivoques). Il les interprète alors comme le passage de la puissance à l’acte : le folklore obscène des enfants, avec ses images à double sens, reproduit finalement la marche de la chaîne initiatique traditionnelle qui a jadis mené, par un cheminement parallèle, à la composition des fabliaux au Moyen Âge.
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Vinck, Honoré. "Le microfilmage des Archives Aequatoria." History in Africa 20 (1993): 423–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3171990.
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History in Africa a publié une note sur les Archives des Missionnaires du S. Coeur à Bamanya, Zaire. De fait il s'agissait des archives du Centre Aequatoria: “A little known yet important source of historical and ethnographic material.” Depuis lors (1984) beaucoup a changé au Centre Aequatoria. L'auteur de l'article, S. Nelson, a donné un bon résumé et une assez exacte évaluation de nos archives. Mais entretemps, elles se sont encore enrichies et contre son attente, elles ont été microfilmées sur place: “Microfilming may be done with prior permission, but film processing should not be attempted in Zaire.”L'évolution et l'enrichissement des archives Aequatoria se situe dans les matières suivantes et ils proviennent principalement du transfert des documents que le Père Hulstaert conservait dans sa chambre.[1] Documentation linguistique. Originaux et copies dactylographiées et corrigées des enquêtes linguistiques mongo y sont intégrées. Il s'agit de la notation sur base des formulaires de l'IAI-Londres et de formulaires de sa propre composition (120 phrases) d'environ 300 dialectes. Seuls 32 en ont été publiés. A compléter par plus de 1500 pages de vocabulaires comparés dans les mêmes dialectes. 5 études, dont une de 750 pages, de dialectologie mongo comparée, inédites en font partie. Une série de récoltes de morceaux de littérature orale est présentée par environ 1500 pages. J'estime que seule la moitié en a été utilisée pour publication. Les plus anciens documents datent de 1927. Les exemplaires imprimés mais annotés et corrigés par Hulstaert de ses dictionnaires et grammaires ont été intégrés dans nos archives. La préparation de la traduction de la Bible à trois reprises est d'une importance certaine pour l'étude de l'évolution de la langue (1936-45; 1950-1960; 1975; 1987).
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Surges, Greg, and Shlomo Dubnov. "Feature Selection and Composition Using PyOracle." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment 9, no. 5 (2021): 114–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aiide.v9i5.12653.
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A system is described which uses the Audio Oracle algorithm for music analysis and machine improvisation. Some improvements on previous Factor Oracle-based systems are presented, including automatic model calibration based on measures from Music Information Dynamics, facilities for compositional structuring and automation, and an audio-based query mode which uses the input signal to influence the output of the generative system.
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Akpo, Jean-Michel Kouassi, Maxime Machioud Sangare-Oumar, Isabelle Teniola Sacramento, Abdoulaye Zibrila Issotina, Felix Fanou Guinnin, and Alban Houngbeme. "Analyse phytochimique des extraits éthanoliques de la variété blanche d’<i>Hibiscus sabdariffa</i> Linn (Malvaceae) et évaluation de toxicité aiguë par voie orale chez des rats Wistar." International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 17, no. 7 (2024): 2909–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v17i7.24.
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Les populations du centre et du Septentrion du Bénin utilisent les feuilles, les calices et les graines de la variété blanche Hibiscus sabdariffa L. dans l’alimentaire et en pharmacopée pour la prévenir et le traiter diverses maladies. Ce travail visait d’une part à déterminer la composition en métabolites secondaires de ces trois organes sus-mentionnés et d’autre part, à évaluer la toxicité aiguë de leurs extraits. A cet effet une analyse phytochimique basée sur des réactions de coloration et/ou de précipitation a été effectué afin d’identifier quelques composés chimiques qu’ils contiennent. La toxicité aigüe des extraits des organes a été testée par observation durant 14 jours après gavage par une dose unique de 5000 mg/kg pv à des rats Wistar contre des témoins. Les tests phytochimiques révèlent la présence des tanins galliques, des flavonoïdes, des anthocyanes, des leuco-anthocyanes, des mucilages, des composés réducteurs, des anthracéniques combinés dans les trois organes. En ce qui concerne la toxicité, les extraits des trois organes de la plante n’ont pas provoqué de variations significatives des taux d’urée, de l’uricémie des bilirubines, l’Aspartate Aminotransférase (ASAT), l’Alanine Aminotransférase (ASAT) et la Phosphatase Alcaline (PAL) chez rats Wistar (p > 0,05).
 
 English title: Phytochemical analysis of Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn (Malvaceae) ethanolic extracts and evaluation of acute oral toxicity in Wistar rats 
 The populations of central and northern Benin use the leaves, chalices and seeds of the white variety Hibiscus sabdariffa L. in food and in pharmacopoeia in the prevention and treatment of various diseases. This work aimed on the one hand to determine the composition in secondary metabolites of these three above-mentioned organs and on the other hand, to evaluate the acute toxicity of their extracts. To this end, phytochemical analysis based on coloring and/or precipitation reactions was carried out in order to identify some chemical compounds they contain. The acute toxicity of the organ extracts was tested by observation for 14 days after gavage with a single dose of 5000 mg/kg bw in Wistar rats against controls. Phytochemical tests reveal the presence of gallic tannins, flavonoids, anthocyanins, leuco-anthocyanins, mucilages, reducing compounds, anthracenics combined in the three organs. With regard to toxicity, the extracts of the three plant organs did not cause significant variations in the levels of urea, uricemia, bilirubins, Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), Alanine Aminotransferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in Wistar rats (p > 0.05).
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Golovanova, Olga, Chikanova, and Turmanidze. "The oral fluid chemical composition of professional sportsmen-badminton players." Bulletin of the Karaganda University. "Chemistry" series 85, no. 1 (2017): 59–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.31489/2017ch1/59-63.
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Redko, Igor, Petro Yahanov, and Maksym Zylevich. "Reduction conceptualization of oracle schemes." System research and information technologies, no. 1 (July 11, 2021): 21–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.20535/srit.2308-8893.2021.1.02.
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This work is aimed at developing an intersubjective paradigm and an active role of the subject in reduction conceptualization. For this purpose, the general oracular scheme of conceptualization is concretized by the complementarity of composition and decomposition as explications of synthesis and analysis of entities. Pragmatically conditioned enrichment of this complementarity is carried out with the involvement of compositional programming and nominal models of data, functions, and compositions. The oracular scheme of reduction is considered, the meaning of which is that it, based on existing compositions, naturally implements the paradigm of “divide and conquer” in understanding the active role of the subject in conceptualization, supporting the real complementarity of decomposition and compositional methods of conceptualization. Representative examples of reduction conceptualization are shown, which substantiate the technology of solving programming problems.
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Dubnov, Shlomo, and Gerard Assayag. "Music Design with Audio Oracle Using Information Rate." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment 8, no. 4 (2021): 76–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aiide.v8i4.12567.
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In the proposed demo we will present a method for design of musical composition using the Audio Oracle (AO) - a machine improvisation method that constructs and produces variation from a music recording using a graph of repeated factors found in the recording. The compositional / improvisation use of AO involves controlling the rate of recombination, the length of common history (length of the repeated factors) and selection of regions in the AO where the machine operates. One of the challenges in working with AO is understanding the generative potential of different audio materials and marking and allocating regions in a recording where AO should operate to achieve the desired musical result. Recently we introduced a novel analysis method "on top" of the AO structure that captures aspects of order and complexity that we call Information Rate. This measure, belonging broadly to a field of study know as Musical Information Dynamics, is related to Bense formulation of aesthetics in terms of entropy and compression. In the demo we will briefly explain the theory behind Audio Oracle and Information Rate and demonstrate a process of designing a composition / structured improvisation based on analysis of the AO graph. In contrast to the usual live interaction method where both the audio input to the oracle and the improvisation are done "on the fly", in this presentation the audio analysis will be done prior to the presentation, while during the talk we will show the process of planning a composition and then do a live performance with the AO based on this design.
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Wu, Zongyang. "A Study on the Creative Approach of Luo Zhenyu's Oracle Bone Calligraphy." Pacific International Journal 6, no. 2 (2023): 73–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.55014/pij.v6i2.349.
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In the history of Chinese culture, the oracle bone script, along with the Dunhuang documents, the Han jian of the Western region, and the Great Treasury of the Cabinet, are known as the four major discoveries of the twentieth century. The oracle bone script has a history of more than 3,000 years. In the field of philology and archaeology, its appearance has brought original materials for the examination of the origin of Chinese characters; in the field of art, its appearance is a great asset for the study of oracle bone script calligraphy. From the dimension of the study of the history of calligraphy, the oracle bone script already possesses the three basic elements of calligraphy: the brush, the knotted character, and the chapter, and is the earliest system of writing with a more mature system and aesthetic nature in the development of Chinese writing. From the perspective of the pen, the oracle bone script was carved with a knife on hard turtle shells or animal bones, so the lines of the script are mainly straight lines of uniform thickness, showing a slightly thicker middle and slightly thinner ends, showing the aesthetic characteristics of thinness and solidity, uprightness and sharpness, giving people a strong three-dimensional sense and visual impact. As a script, oracle bones have both their linguistic communication and their calligraphic artistry.We examine oracle bone calligraphy in terms of writing instruments, brushwork, and chapter forms. The purpose of this paper is to identify problems and analyze them in a step-by-step manner by using a logical tree model of deduction through writing practice and documentary evidence to explore the feasibility of oracle bone calligraphy from three aspects: writing materials, brush structure, and composition form
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Van Der Mei, H. C., and H. J. Busscher. "The Use of X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy for the Study of Oral Streptococcal Cell Surfaces." Advances in Dental Research 11, no. 4 (1997): 388–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/08959374970110040301.
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Physicochemical and structural properties of microbial cell surfaces play an important role in their adhesion to surfaces and are determined by the chemical composition of the outermost cell surface. Many traditional methods used to determine microbial cell wall composition require fractionation of the organisms and consequently do not yield information about the composition of the outermost cell surface. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measures the elemental composition of the outermost cell surfaces of micro-organisms. The technique requires freeze-drying of the organisms, but, nevertheless, elemental surface concentration ratios of oral streptococcal cell surfaces with peritrichously arranged surface structures showed good relationships with physicochemical properties measured under physiological conditions, such as zeta potentials. Isoelectric points ap-peared to be governed by the relative abundance of oxygen- and nitrogen-containing groups on the cell surfaces. Also, the intrinsic microbial cell-surface hydrophobicity by water contact angles related to the cell-surface composition as by XPS and was highest for strains with an elevated isoelectric point. Inclusion of elemental surface compositions for tufted streptococcal strains caused deterioration of the relationships found. Interestingly, hierarchical cluster analysis on the basis of the elemental surface compositions revealed that, of 36 different streptococcal strains, only four S. rattus as well as nine S. mitis strains were located in distinct groups, well separated from the other streptococcal strains, which were all more or less mixed in one group.
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Sufiawati, Irna, Alamsyah Piliang, and Vatchala Rani Ramamoorthy. "Oral microbiota in oral cancer patients and healthy individuals: A scoping review." Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) 55, no. 4 (2022): 186–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/j.djmkg.v55.i4.p186-193.
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Background: Oral microbiota has been suggested to have a role in the etiopathogenesis of oral cancer; however, the oral microbiota diversity in patients with oral cancer compared to healthy individuals remains unclear. Purpose: This scoping review aimed to provide an overview of the current evidence regarding the oral microbiota composition colonized in oral cancer patients and its comparison with healthy individuals. Reviews: This study was conducted according to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Eligible studies were searched in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect databases from January 2015 to March 2022. A total of 20 relevant studies were included according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, including 14 cross-sectional studies and 6 cohort studies. All studies have identified various oral bacteria, but only one study has detected viruses and parasites diversity. A variety of oral microbiota found were 6 phyla of bacteria, 6 phyla of viruses, 7 phyla of fungi, and 7 phyla of parasitic. Seventeen studies proved that oral microbiota compositions were statistically significant differences compared to healthy controls, but not in 3 studies. Conclusion: The majority of studies showed various oral bacteria in oral cancer patients which were statistically significant difference compared to healthy controls. This study indicates the need for more research to evaluate viruses and parasites composition and diversity in oral cancer patients. Moreover, future research should focus to clarify whether the changes of oral microbial composition as a community may play a critical role in the etiopathogenesis of oral cancer.
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Zhou, Baoqing, Jen Mobberley, Kelly Shi, and Irene A. Chen. "Effects of Preservation and Propagation Methodology on Microcosms Derived from the Oral Microbiome." Microorganisms 10, no. 11 (2022): 2146. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10112146.
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The creation of oral microcosms with reproducible composition is important for developing model systems of the oral microbiome. However, oral microbiomes vary substantially across individuals. To derive a reproducible composition from inocula sourced from different individuals, we tested whether selective conditions from cold storage and culturing in defined media would generate a reproducible community composition despite individual variations. In this pilot study, we collected dental plaque scrapings from three individuals, inoculated media under anaerobic conditions, and characterized the bacterial community compositions after cold storage and subsequent propagation in liquid media. Harvested cultures were extracted and bacterial composition was determined by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and the mothur pipeline. Our results show that samples from two out of three individuals clustered into a specific compositional type (termed “attractor” here). In addition, the samples from the third individual could adopt this attractor compositional type after propagation in vitro, even though its original composition did not display this type. These results indicate that simple selective environments could help create reproducible microcosms despite variation among dental plaque samples sourced from different individuals. The findings illustrate important parameters to consider for creating reproducible microcosms from the human oral microbiome.
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Takeshita, Toru, Nao Suzuki, Yoshio Nakano, et al. "Relationship between Oral Malodor and the Global Composition of Indigenous Bacterial Populations in Saliva." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 76, no. 9 (2010): 2806–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.02304-09.
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ABSTRACT Oral malodor develops mostly from the metabolic activities of indigenous bacterial populations within the oral cavity, but whether healthy or oral malodor-related patterns of the global bacterial composition exist remains unclear. In this study, the bacterial compositions in the saliva of 240 subjects complaining of oral malodor were divided into groups based on terminal-restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) profiles using hierarchical cluster analysis, and the patterns of the microbial community composition of those exhibiting higher and lower malodor were explored. Four types of bacterial community compositions were detected (clusters I, II, III, and IV). Two parameters for measuring oral malodor intensity (the concentration of volatile sulfur compounds in mouth air and the organoleptic score) were noticeably lower in cluster I than in the other clusters. Using multivariate analysis, the differences in the levels of oral malodor were significant after adjustment for potential confounding factors such as total bacterial count, mean periodontal pocket depth, and tongue coating score (P < 0.001). Among the four clusters with different proportions of indigenous members, the T-RFLP profiles of cluster I were implicated as the bacterial populations with higher proportions of Streptococcus, Granulicatella, Rothia, and Treponema species than those of the other clusters. These results clearly correlate the global composition of indigenous bacterial populations with the severity of oral malodor.
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Larson, Jeffrey, Matt Menickelly, and Stefan M. Wild. "Derivative-free optimization methods." Acta Numerica 28 (May 1, 2019): 287–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0962492919000060.
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In many optimization problems arising from scientific, engineering and artificial intelligence applications, objective and constraint functions are available only as the output of a black-box or simulation oracle that does not provide derivative information. Such settings necessitate the use of methods for derivative-free, or zeroth-order, optimization. We provide a review and perspectives on developments in these methods, with an emphasis on highlighting recent developments and on unifying treatment of such problems in the non-linear optimization and machine learning literature. We categorize methods based on assumed properties of the black-box functions, as well as features of the methods. We first overview the primary setting of deterministic methods applied to unconstrained, non-convex optimization problems where the objective function is defined by a deterministic black-box oracle. We then discuss developments in randomized methods, methods that assume some additional structure about the objective (including convexity, separability and general non-smooth compositions), methods for problems where the output of the black-box oracle is stochastic, and methods for handling different types of constraints.
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Michell, A. "Composition of oral rehydration solutions." Veterinary Record 117, no. 20 (1985): 535. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.117.20.535-c.
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Welch, Eric Lee. "The Roots of Anger: An Economic Perspective on Zephaniah’s Oracle Against the Philistines." Vetus Testamentum 63, no. 3 (2013): 471–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685330-12341125.
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Abstract The superscription of the book of Zephaniah places the composition in the 7th century BCE, during the reign of King Josiah of Judah. While some scholars support a monarchic date for composition on the grounds of geopolitical details, others have accepted the book as a post-monarchic composition, in which geopolitical details are merely functions of literary techniques. Critical in the discussions of date and historicity are the oracles found in the book’s second chapter. This essay examines the introductory poem found in Zeph 2:4 and argues that the oracle is representative of 7th century Judean sentiments toward the city of Ekron because of a specific pun, which should be read in light of the city’s impressive olive oil industry dating to the 7th century BCE.
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Khaydarov, Artur, Saodat Muratova, Abdugofir Khajimetov, and Nodira Shukurova. "CELLULAR COMPOSITION STATE AND MICROFLORA OF ORAL MUCOSAL EPITHELIUM OF PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC CEREBRAL ISCHEMIA." UZBEK MEDICAL JOURNAL 2, no. 3 (2021): 34–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.26739/2181-0664-2021-3-6.
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The cell composition and microflora of oral mucosal epithelium smearsand the hormonal composition of oral fluid in patients with chronic cerebral ischemiawere studied. We examined 54 patientsaged 45-65 years suffering from cerebral blood circulation disorders caused by atherosclerosis of cerebral vessels and under outpatient observation. In patients with chronic cerebral ischemia, a decrease in the size of the neutrophil pool and epithelial cell pool was noted in saliva smears, against the background of an increase in the number of lymphocytes (threefold) and “bare nuclei” -more than ten times, which indicates a weakening of local protection and is considered as a pathogenetically significantindicator. Smears of buccal epithelial cells revealed yeast-like fungi of the Candida genus (C.albicans), whose content reached 105CFU/ml in 61.44% of cases and averaged 82.5±6.4% of strains in CCI patients. Free progesterone increased 1.9-fold in oral fluid, whereas estradiol levels decreased 5-fold and cortisol increased 1.6-fold.Keywords: chronic cerebral ischemia, buccal cells, candidiasis, sex hormones.
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Somantri, R. U., Sugiarto, E. S. Iriani, and T. C. Sunarti. "In vitro study on the antimicrobial activity of eleven essential oils against oral cavity microbiota." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1063, no. 1 (2022): 012025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1063/1/012025.
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Abstract Obtained from aromatic plants, essential oils have been utilised as natural food preservatives. Their ability to inhibit microorganism growth results from their varied chemical compositions. Furthermore, due to their classification as generally recognised as safe (GRAS) and low toxicity levels, there has been an increased study of essential oils’ compositions and antimicrobial properties against pathogens living in the human oral cavity. An initial evaluation was conducted with 11 essential oils to verify their antimicrobial activities in vitro against opportunistic pathogenic bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus sanguinis and Streptococcus mutans, also a model yeast Candida albicans. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated by agar disk diffusion assay, while PT kindly provided chemical composition data. Darjeeling Sembrani Aroma. The result showed that tested essential oils exhibited an inhibition zone range of 8.13 to 40.00 mm for bacteria and 7.63 to 44.04 mm for yeast. Chemical compositions of the oils revealed that the major compounds are monoterpenes, followed by sesquiterpenes and phenylpropanoids.
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TURGANBAYEV, NO, DA SYDIK, SB KENENBAYEV, MA SYDYKOV, and AT KAZYBAYEVA. "OPTIMIZATION OF WINTER WHEAT NUTRITION WITH ZERO TILLAGE TECHNOLOGY IN THE RAINFED ZONES OF SOUTHERN KAZAKHSTAN." SABRAO Journal of Breeding and Genetics 55, no. 5 (2023): 1593–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.54910/sabrao2023.55.5.13.
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The promising research showcased the results of herbicides’ uses, considering the quantitative composition of weeds with zero tillage technology of winter wheat cultivation. It revealed that when treating wheat seeds with the growth stimulator Vimpel (0.5 l/t) and micro-fertilization with Oracle (1.0 l/t) simultaneously etching with the fungicide Bunker (0.4 l/t), as well as, early spring treatment of crops in the tillering phase of winter wheat with the same stimulator (Vimpel, 0.5 l/ha) and micro-fertilization (Oracle multicomplex, 2.0 l/ha) simultaneous with the herbicide “Ballerina” (0.5 l/ha) application, the number of preserved plants before harvesting was 286.1 pcs./m2, reaching a height of 88.9 cm, with a productive bushiness of 1.15 pcs., grains per spike (22.2), 1000-grain weight (34.8 g), and collected dry grains at a standard humidity (22.1 c/ha). It was also evident that the competitive productivity of winter wheat also emerged when treating wheat seeds with biological fertilizer Biobars–M (1.0 l/t), the crop at the tillering stage with Biobars–M (0.5 l/ha), and the earring phase (0.7 l/ha). Similarly, using growth stimulants Vimpel and micronutrient Oracle multicomplex enhanced the grain yield with reduced cost of production (USD 61.3–66.0/kg) compared with the control version (USD 78.6 /kg). On one hectare of winter wheat crop, the net income ranged from USD 289.55 to 443.56.
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Alikhasi, Marzieh, Hakimeh Siadat, Allahyar Geramy, and Ahmad Hassan-Ahangari. "Stress Distribution Around Maxillary Anterior Implants as a Factor of Labial Bone Thickness and Occlusal Load Angles: A 3-Dimensional Finite Element Analysis." Journal of Oral Implantology 40, no. 1 (2014): 37–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1563/aaid-joi-d-10-00198.
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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of the stress/strain distribution in buccal bone of an anterior maxillary implant using 3 bone thicknesses under 5 different loading angles. Different testing conditions incorporating 3 buccal bone thicknesses, 3 bone compositions, and 5 loading angles of an anterior maxillary implant were applied in order to investigate the resultant stress/strain distribution with finite element analysis. The maximum equivalent stress/strain increased with the decreasing of loading angle relative to the long axis. In addition to loading angle, bone quality and quantity also influenced resultant stress distribution. Dental practitioners should consider combinations of bone composition, diameter, and load angulations to predict success or failure for a given implant length and diameter.
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Yamashita, Yoshihisa, and Toru Takeshita. "Oral Flora Composition and Its Connection to Oral Health." Journal of Oral Biosciences 53, no. 3 (2011): 206–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1349-0079(11)80003-4.
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Saunders, Mary. "Oral Presentations in the Composition Classroom." College Composition and Communication 36, no. 3 (1985): 357. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/357985.
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MacLean, William C. "Composition of solutions for oral hydration." Journal of Pediatrics 107, no. 5 (1985): 824. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-3476(85)80435-2.
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Noe, Mark. "The Oral Fixation: The Oral/Textual Binary fromPhaedrusto Freshman Composition." Rhetoric Review 26, no. 4 (2007): 349–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07350190701577884.
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Sayali, Bedare* Dr. Sachin Hangargekar Amruta Magar Vikas Bhosale Gangaram Kartale. "Mouth Dissolving Films for Oral Drug Delivery: A Review." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 3, no. 4 (2025): 597–603. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15151951.
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Recent trends are shifting toward the design and development of novel drug delivery systems for currently available medications since the process of discovering and creating new chemical agents may be difficult, costly, and time-consuming. Mouth Dissolving Films are made using a variety of techniques and are an excellent substitute for medications that have an adverse effect on the stomach environment and first-pass metabolism. This review briefly outlines the advantages and drawbacks, offers details on the formulation processes used to create MDFs, and provides assessment criteria for the same. These days, MDFs are employed as a medication delivery method for a variety of therapies. Because of its advantages such as self-administration, pain relief, high patient compliance, and creative flexibility the oral route of administration is the recommended method. To achieve the intended pharmacologic effect, medicine can be delivered in a variety of ways.
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Abdulaev, Magomed A. "Professional oral tradition and compositional art as directions of development of the national school of composition in Dagestan." South-Russian Musical Anthology, no. 3 (2022): 110–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.52469/20764766_2022_03_110.
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Stefura, Tomasz, Barbara Zapała, Anastazja Stój, et al. "Does Postoperative Oral and Intestinal Microbiota Correlate with the Weight-Loss Following Bariatric Surgery?—A Cohort Study." Journal of Clinical Medicine 9, no. 12 (2020): 3863. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9123863.
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The composition of the gastrointestinal microbiota is associated with obesity. The aim of this study was to verify if, six months after bariatric surgery, patients who achieve satisfying weight-loss after sleeve gastrectomy (SG) and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) have a different composition of oral and intestinal microbiota in comparison with those who do not. This prospective cohort study was conducted between November 2018 and November 2020. Participants underwent either SG or RYGB and were allocated into: Group 1—participants who achieved a percentage of excess weight loss (%EWL) of ≥ 50%, and Group 2—patients with %EWL of < 50%. The %EWL was measured 6 months following surgery. At this time, oral swabs were obtained and stool samples were provided. The endpoint was the composition of the gut microbiota. Group 1 comprised 20 participants and Group 2 comprised 11 participants. Group 1 had oral microbiota more abundant in phylum Fusobacteria and intestinal microbiota more abundant in phylum Firmicutes. Group 2 had oral microbiota was more enriched in phylum Actinobacteria and intestinal microbiota was more enriched in phylum Bacteroidetes. The compositions of the microbiota of the oral cavity and large intestine 6 months after bariatric surgery are related to the weight-loss.
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Bailey, Matthew. "Oral Composition in the Medieval Spanish Epic." Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 118, no. 2 (2003): 254–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/003081203x67659.
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This essay addresses the question of whether the Spanish epic was composed orally or was a literary creation using the oral techniques of bards but composed in writing. Oral dictation played an important role in even the most literate works of the time. Theme was an important compositional aid employed by bards during performance, and its presence is evident in passages of the Cantar de Mio Cid and the Mocedades de Rodrigo. A new tool of analysis is introduced, the intonation unit, which leads to an understanding of Spanish epic narrative as orally composed and governed by the cognitive constraints of speech. Oral composition eventually included literate individuals whose contributions are linked to the social and political circumstances under which these poems were preserved on parchment.
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Hofstad, Tor, and Tore Kristoffersen. "CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF ENDOTOXIN FROM ORAL VEILLONELLA." Acta Pathologica Microbiologica Scandinavica Section B Microbiology and Immunology 78B, no. 6 (2009): 760–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1699-0463.1970.tb04367.x.
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Palmer Jr, Robert J. "Composition and development of oral bacterial communities." Periodontology 2000 64, no. 1 (2013): 20–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0757.2012.00453.x.
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Piirainen, Virpi, Emilia König, Aleksi Husso, et al. "Bacterial profiles of the oral, vaginal, and rectal mucosa and colostrum of periparturient sows." PLOS ONE 20, no. 2 (2025): e0317513. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0317513.
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The commensal microbiota influences the health, feeding efficiency, and reproductive performance of sows. The microbiota composition in the alimentary and genitourinary tracts and in colostrum/milk during pregnancy and lactation also impacts the microbiota and immune system, growth, and health of the piglets. Knowledge of the microbial compositions is important for evaluation of these effects and for discovering ways to improve the health and productivity of the sows. Oral, vaginal, and rectal mucosa and colostrum were sampled from 32 sows of variable parity in late pregnancy, and colostrum within 6 hours of delivery of the first piglet, on four commercial piglet-producing farms in Finland. Microbial compositions were analyzed by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. The most abundant genera of the oral microbiota were Rothia, Moraxella, and Streptococcus. The rectal microbiota was dominated by Clostridium sensu stricto 1. Streptococcus was the most abundant genus in the vagina and colostrum. Moderate differences in diversity and composition were observed between farms. The relative abundances of the genera Neisseria (MaAsLin 2 q = 0.002, ANCOMBC q = 0.005), Fusobacterium (MaAsLin 2 q = 0.008, ANCOMBC q = 0.04) and Bacteroides (MaAsLin 2 q < 0.005, ANCOMBC q = 0.06) were lower in oral samples and Romboutsia (MaAsLin 2 q = 0.07, ANCOMBC q = 0.05), Turicibacter (MaAsLin 2 q = 0.08, ANCOMBC q = 0.02) and Lachnospiraceae_UCG_007 (MaAsLin 2 q = 0.1, ANCOMBC q = 0.05) were higher in rectal samples of multiparous compared to primiparous sows. In vaginal samples there was a tendency of higher relative abundances of the genera Fusobacterium and Streptococcus in multiparous than primiparous sows. Among the differentially abundant taxa, F. necrophorum and F. nucleatum were identified in oral samples, F. gastrosuis and F. necrophorum in vaginal samples, and S. dysgalactiae in colostrum samples. This study provides a comprehensive overview of the mucosal and colostrum microbiota of periparturient sows during normal production conditions on Finnish commercial farms.
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Sedyakina, Nataliya E., Vladimir N. Kuryakov, Nataliya B. Feldman, and Sergey V. Lutsenko. "Preparation and characteristics of W/O microemulsion stabilized with polyglycerylpolyricinoleate as a potential system for oral insulin delivery." Farmacevticheskoe delo i tehnologija lekarstv (Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology), no. 5 (September 29, 2020): 54–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/med-13-2005-03.
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Aim. The aim of the present work was to develop the composition and study the characteristics of water-in-oil microemulsion stabilized with polyglycerylpolyricinoleate — Tween 80 — ethanol mixture as a potential system for oral insulin delivery. Materials and methods. To determine the boundaries of the regions of existence of water-in-oil microemulsion in the pseudo-three component systems water — polyglycerylpolyricinoleate (PG-3-PR, Gobiotics BV, Netherlands)/ Tween 80/ethanol — paraffin oil, mixtures of paraffin oil and surfactants with oil — surfactant ratios from 9.5:0.5 to 0.5: 9.5 (wt.) were thoroughly mixed and titrated with an aqueous phase (distilled water).Compositions with the value of hydrophilic-lipophilic balance of the PG-3-PR — Tween 80 mixture equal to 6.15 were studied. Among several types of formed systems, a single-phase region corresponding to a homogeneous, optically transparent, liquid water-in-oil microemulsion was determined. The kinetic and thermodynamic stability of a number of compositions, including those containing insulin (Actrapid HM, Novo Nordisk А/С, Denmark), was studied. The values of the effective viscosity of microemulsions at different ratios of surfactant — oil and surfactant — co-surfactant were determined using a vibration viscometer. Based on the results obtained, a composition was selected to study the kinetics of insulin release into a model environment that simulated the environment of the small intestine. Insulin solution (the control sample) and the insulin-containing microemulsion were placed in the dialysis bags and immersed in 50 mL of PBS (pH 7.4) in a shaking incubator at 180 rpm and 37 ° С. At predetermined intervals, the aliquots of dissolution media were withdrawn, and the concentration of the released peptide was determined by the Bradford assay using a UV spectrophotometer at 595 nm. Results. The composition with 9:1 surfactant — co-surfactant ratio, containing 10 % of the aqueous phase (an insulin solution with a concentration of 100 IU / ml), which remained stable both during three cycles of freezing/thawing and heating/cooling, and after long-term storage at room temperature, was selected to study the kinetics of in vitro release of the peptide into the model medium. The effective viscosity of the sample was 2.4±0.04 Pa.s. The microemulsion sample demonstrated a prolonged release of insulin within 48 hours of the experiment (43 %). Conclusions. As a result, the boundaries of the existence of microemulsion regions in pseudo-three — component systems water — polyglycerylpolyricinoleate / Tween 80 / ethanol — paraffin oil were established, as well as the values of the effective viscosity of a number of compositions were determined. The study of the kinetic and thermodynamic stability of the obtained systems, including those containing insulin, as well as the study of the kinetics of the release of biologically active substance from the microemulsion into the model medium, allowed us to determine the optimal composition for further development of nanoscale dosage forms intended for prolonged delivery of insulin to the gastrointestinal tract.
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Kolegova, E. S., A. A. Schegoleva, L. A. Kononova, and E. V. Denisov. "Oral microbiome in the development of oral cancer." Molekulârnaâ biologiâ 58, no. 2 (2024): 234–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0026898424020041.
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Oral cancer is an aggressive and rapidly progressive disease. The oral cavity is home to over 700 species of microorganisms which regulate metabolism, immune function and health. There are 3 types of mechanisms by which bacteria may participate in carcinogenesis. First, bacteria cause chronic inflammation, which stimulates the production of cytokines, including interleukins, interferons, and tumor necrosis factor. Second, bacteria can interact directly with host cells by secreting toxins or by binding to membrane receptors. Finally, the production of metabolites by bacteria may also contribute to carcinogenesis. The importance of bacteria level and composition in the transition of oral precancerous lesions to cancer has been demonstrated. The relationship of changes in microbiome composition with smoking, inflammation in healthy individuals, as well as with the development of oral cancer in patients has been studied.
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Roca, Cristian, Alaa A. Alkhateeb, Bryson K. Deanhardt, et al. "Saliva sampling method influences oral microbiome composition and taxa distribution associated with oral diseases." PLOS ONE 19, no. 3 (2024): e0301016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0301016.
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Saliva is a readily accessible and inexpensive biological specimen that enables investigation of the oral microbiome, which can serve as a biomarker of oral and systemic health. There are two routine approaches to collect saliva, stimulated and unstimulated; however, there is no consensus on how sampling method influences oral microbiome metrics. In this study, we analyzed paired saliva samples (unstimulated and stimulated) from 88 individuals, aged 7–18 years. Using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, we investigated the differences in bacterial microbiome composition between sample types and determined how sampling method affects the distribution of taxa associated with untreated dental caries and gingivitis. Our analyses indicated significant differences in microbiome composition between the sample types. Both sampling methods were able to detect significant differences in microbiome composition between healthy subjects and subjects with untreated caries. However, only stimulated saliva revealed a significant association between microbiome diversity and composition in individuals with diagnosed gingivitis. Furthermore, taxa previously associated with dental caries and gingivitis were preferentially enriched in individuals with each respective disease only in stimulated saliva. Our study suggests that stimulated saliva provides a more nuanced readout of microbiome composition and taxa distribution associated with untreated dental caries and gingivitis compared to unstimulated saliva.
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Barbee, Frank E. "Composition of the anesthesia team." Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 44, no. 11 (1986): 844. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0278-2391(86)90216-8.
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Kenny, Michael G., and John Miles Foley. "The Theory of Oral Composition: History and Methodology." Anthropologica 32, no. 1 (1990): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/25605569.
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