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1

Coco, Lorenzo, Florent Lefevre-Schlick, Olivier Bouaziz, Xiang Wang, J. K. Solberg, and David Embury. "The mechanical response of compositionally graded materials." Materials Science and Engineering: A 483-484 (June 2008): 266–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2006.12.164.

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2

Torrecillas, R. "Compositionally graded zirconia-molybdenum materials without residual stress." Metal Powder Report 57, no. 6 (2002): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0026-0657(02)80261-2.

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3

Zhong, S., S. P. Alpay, Z. G. Ban, and J. V. Mantese. "Effective pyroelectric response of compositionally graded ferroelectric materials." Applied Physics Letters 86, no. 9 (2005): 092903. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1866505.

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4

Chéhab, Béchir, Hatem Zurob, David Embury, Olivier Bouaziz, and Yves Brechet. "Compositionally Graded Steels: A Strategy for Materials Development." Advanced Engineering Materials 11, no. 12 (2009): 992–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adem.200900180.

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5

Popa, Monica, José-Maria Calderón Moreno, Pavol Hvizdoš, Raúl Bermejo, and Guy Anné. "Residual Stress Profile Determined by Piezo-Spectroscopy in Alumina/Alumina-Zirconia Layers Separated by a Compositionally Graded Intermediate Layer." Key Engineering Materials 290 (July 2005): 328–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.290.328.

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In order to understand the mechanical behavior of layered composites with compositional gradient, it is necessary to determine their state of residual stresses. Compositionally graded materials can offer the advantage of eliminating abrupt changes in composition between layers having different thermal expansion coefficients. The existence of a compositional gradient may reduce discontinuities in thermal residual stresses, something beneficial from the point of view of the mechanical properties. We present here a study of the state of the residual stresses in a layered material made of thicker
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6

Wu, Jiagang, John Wang, Dingquan Xiao, and Jianguo Zhu. "Compositionally graded bismuth ferrite thin films." Journal of Alloys and Compounds 509, no. 35 (2011): L319—L323. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2011.05.076.

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7

Suresh, S., A. E. Giannakopoulos, and J. Alcalá. "Spherical indentation of compositionally graded materials: Theory and experiments." Acta Materialia 45, no. 4 (1997): 1307–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1359-6454(96)00291-1.

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8

Kim, Yeon-Wook, Tae-Hyun Nam, and Seong-Min Lee. "Martensitic Transformation Behaviors of Compositionally Graded Ti–Ni-Based Shape Memory Alloys." Science of Advanced Materials 12, no. 10 (2020): 1586–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/sam.2020.3802.

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In this study, we demonstrate a simple and effective way to fabricate functionally graded TiNi-based alloys with linear variations of composition and martensitic transformation behavior. Ti50Ni50 and Ti50Ni35Cu15 alloy strips were fabricated through a melt overflow process. The compositionally graded diffusion couple was fabricated by annealing two strips of different alloy compositions after being placed face to face in a pressing graphite mold. The mechanical properties and martensitic transformation behaviour of the diffusion couple were analysed by tensile test and DSC. The compositionally
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9

Peka, H. P., D. A. Pulemyotov, and M. P. Verkhovodov. "Compositionally graded semiconductors with intervalley crossover." Semiconductor Science and Technology 8, no. 8 (1993): 1517–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0268-1242/8/8/006.

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10

Klic, A., and M. Marvan. "Pseudo-spin model of compositionally graded ferroelectrics." Phase Transitions 79, no. 6-7 (2006): 493–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01411590600892377.

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11

Shut, V. N., S. R. Syrtsov, and V. L. Trublovsky. "Ferroelectric properties of compositionally graded BST ceramics." Phase Transitions 83, no. 5 (2010): 368–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01411594.2010.484900.

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12

Ban, Z. G., S. P. Alpay, and J. V. Mantese. "Hysteresis Offset and Dielectric Response of Compositionally Graded Ferroelectric Materials." Integrated Ferroelectrics 58, no. 1 (2003): 1281–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10584580390259470.

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13

Rousseau, C. E., and H. V. Tippur. "Compositionally graded materials with cracks normal to the elastic gradient." Acta Materialia 48, no. 16 (2000): 4021–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1359-6454(00)00202-0.

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14

Zeng, Minxiang, Yipu Du, Qiang Jiang, et al. "High-throughput printing of combinatorial materials from aerosols." Nature 617, no. 7960 (2023): 292–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-023-05898-9.

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AbstractThe development of new materials and their compositional and microstructural optimization are essential in regard to next-generation technologies such as clean energy and environmental sustainability. However, materials discovery and optimization have been a frustratingly slow process. The Edisonian trial-and-error process is time consuming and resource inefficient, particularly when contrasted with vast materials design spaces1. Whereas traditional combinatorial deposition methods can generate material libraries2,3, these suffer from limited material options and inability to leverage
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15

Gam, J. S., K. S. Han, S. S. Park, and H. C. Park. "Joining of TiB2-AL2O3Using Compositionally Graded Interlayers." Materials and Manufacturing Processes 14, no. 4 (1999): 537–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10426919908914848.

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16

Lee, Kenneth E., and Eugene A. Fitzgerald. "High-quality metamorphic compositionally graded InGaAs buffers." Journal of Crystal Growth 312, no. 2 (2010): 250–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2009.10.041.

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17

Gao, Lei. "Optical nonlinearity enhancement of compositionally graded films." European Physical Journal B 44, no. 4 (2005): 481–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epjb/e2005-00147-x.

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18

Zhang, Tong-Yi. "A dislocation in a compositionally graded epilayer." Physica Status Solidi (a) 148, no. 1 (1995): 175–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pssa.2211480115.

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19

Nakano, Junichi, Kimio Fujii, and Reiji Yamada. "Mechanical Properties of Oxidation-Resistant SiC/C Compositionally Graded Graphite Materials." Journal of the American Ceramic Society 80, no. 11 (1997): 2897–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.1997.tb03209.x.

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20

Roumina, R., J. D. Embury, O. Bouaziz, and H. S. Zurob. "Mechanical behavior of a compositionally graded 300M steel." Materials Science and Engineering: A 578 (August 2013): 140–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2013.04.006.

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21

Kulkarni, Tushar, H. Z. Wang, S. N. Basu, and V. K. Sarin. "Compositionally graded mullite-based chemical vapor deposited coatings." Journal of Materials Research 24, no. 2 (2009): 470–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2009.0062.

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Dense, crystalline mullite (3Al2O3ċ2SiO2) coatings have been deposited by chemical vapor deposition on Si-based substrates using the AlCl3–SiCl4–CO2–H2 system. A graded coating composition has been achieved in the coatings, with the Al/Si ratio being stoichiometric (∼3) at the coating/substrate interface, and increasing monotonically toward the outer coating surface. The highest reported Al-rich mullite has been deposited in the process. At high Al/Si ratios, the mullite structure breaks down and an aluminosilicate phase similar to the metastable δ* Al2O3 is nucleated. Experimental evidence is
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22

Vallone, Marco, Michele Goano, Francesco Bertazzi, et al. "FDTD simulation of compositionally graded HgCdTe photodetectors." Infrared Physics & Technology 97 (March 2019): 203–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.infrared.2018.12.041.

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23

Okatan, M. B., A. L. Roytburd, V. Nagarajan, and S. P. Alpay. "Electrical domain morphologies in compositionally graded ferroelectric films." Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 24, no. 2 (2011): 024215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/24/2/024215.

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24

Pal, R., A. Malik, V. Srivastav, et al. "Compositionally graded interface for passivation of HgCdTe photodiodes." Journal of Electronic Materials 35, no. 10 (2006): 1793–800. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11664-006-0159-0.

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25

Cai, Minglei, Tedi Kujofsa, Xinkang Chen, Md Tanvirul Islam, and John E. Ayers. "Interaction Length for Dislocations in Compositionally-Graded Heterostructures." International Journal of High Speed Electronics and Systems 27, no. 03n04 (2018): 1840022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129156418400220.

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Several simple models have been developed for the threading dislocation behavior in heteroepitaxial semiconductor materials. Tachikawa and Yamaguchi [Appl. Phys. Lett., 56, 484 (1990)] and Romanov et al. [Appl. Phys. Lett., 69, 3342 (1996)] described models for the annihilation and coalescence of threading dislocations in uniform-composition layers, and Kujofsa et al. [J. Electron. Mater., 41, 2993 (2013)] extended the annihilation and coalescence model to compositionally-graded and multilayered structures by including the misfit dislocation-threading dislocation interactions. However, an impo
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26

Weiss, C. V., M. B. Okatan, S. P. Alpay, M. W. Cole, E. Ngo, and R. C. Toonen. "Compositionally graded ferroelectric multilayers for frequency agile tunable devices." Journal of Materials Science 44, no. 19 (2009): 5364–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10853-009-3514-8.

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27

Wang, C. L., X. S. Wang, Y. Xin, et al. "Phase transition properties of compositionally graded ferroelectric structure." Ferroelectrics 252, no. 1 (2001): 89–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00150190108016244.

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28

Shut, V. N., S. R. Syrtsov, V. L. Trublovsky, A. D. Poleyko, S. V. Kostomarov, and L. P. Mastyko. "Compositionally Graded BST Ceramics Prepared by Tape Casting." Ferroelectrics 386, no. 1 (2009): 125–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00150190902961876.

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29

Chapa-cabrera, J., and I. E. Reimanis. "Crack deflection in compositionally graded Cu-W composites." Philosophical Magazine A 82, no. 17-18 (2002): 3393–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01418610208240450.

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30

Chapa-Cabrera, J., and I. E. Reimanis. "Crack deflection in compositionally graded Cu–W composites." Philosophical Magazine A 82, no. 17 (2002): 3393–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0141861021000017819.

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31

Cho, Kyung Mok, Il Dong Choi, and Ik Min Park. "Thermal Properties and Fracture Behavior of Compositionally Graded Al-SiCp Composites." Materials Science Forum 449-452 (March 2004): 621–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.449-452.621.

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Compositionally graded Al-SiCp composites were fabricated using pressureless infiltration process. Microstructure was examined and thermal properties were characterized for Al-SiCp composites. Al-SiCp composites with fairly uniform distribution and compositional gradient of SiC reinforcement in the Al matrix though the thickness direction was successfully fabricated. The thermal conductivity of Al-SiCp composites was measured at room temperature, 200°C and 400°C using laser flash method. Thermal conductivity of Al-SiCp composites increases non-linearly with decreasing the volume fraction of Si
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32

Marvan, M., and J. Fousek. "Pyroelectricity and thermodynamic theory of compositionally graded ferroelectric films." Phase Transitions 79, no. 1-2 (2006): 153–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01411590600555834.

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33

Kim, Eun Seong, Jeong Min Park, Gangaraju Manogna Karthik, et al. "Local composition detouring for defect-free compositionally graded materials in additive manufacturing." Materials Research Letters 11, no. 7 (2023): 586–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21663831.2023.2192244.

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34

Singh, Rajiv, and James Fitz-Gerald. "Surface composites: A new class of engineered materials." Journal of Materials Research 12, no. 3 (1997): 769–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1997.0112.

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To integrate irreconcilable material properties into a single component, a new class of engineered materials termed “surface composites” has been developed. In this engineered material, the second phase is spatially distributed in the near surface regions, such that the phase composition is linearly graded as a function of distance from the surface. Surface composites are different from existing engineered materials such as “bulk composites” and “functionally graded materials” (FGM). Unlike bulk composites, the surface phase in surface composites is present only at the near surface regions. In
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35

Merino, Rosa I., J. I. Peña, and V. M. Orera. "Compositionally graded YSZ–NiO composites by surface laser melting." Journal of the European Ceramic Society 30, no. 2 (2010): 147–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2009.04.031.

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36

Ou, Canlin, Lu Zhang, Qingshen Jing, Vijay Narayan, and Sohini Kar‐Narayan. "Compositionally Graded Organic–Inorganic Nanocomposites for Enhanced Thermoelectric Performance." Advanced Electronic Materials 6, no. 1 (2019): 1900720. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aelm.201900720.

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37

Ben-Artzy, A., A. Reichardt, J. P. Borgonia, et al. "Compositionally graded SS316 to C300 Maraging steel using additive manufacturing." Materials & Design 201 (March 2021): 109500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2021.109500.

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38

Yahyaoui, N., S. Aloulou, R. Chtourou, A. Sfaxi, and M. Oueslati. "Optical properties of compositionally graded InxAl1–xAs/GaAs heterostructures." Thin Solid Films 516, no. 7 (2008): 1604–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2007.03.083.

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39

Matsumoto, Yuji, Shingo Maruyama, and Kenichi Kaminaga. "Compositionally graded crystals as a revived approach for new crystal engineering for the exploration of novel functionalities." CrystEngComm 24, no. 13 (2022): 2359–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d2ce00041e.

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40

Adikary, Sudarman Upali, Balakrishnan Sundaravel, Helen Lai-Wa Chan, Ian Howard Wilson, and Chung-Loong Choy. "Rutherford backscattering analysis of compositionally graded BaxSr1-xTiO3thin films." Ferroelectrics 262, no. 1 (2001): 287–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00150190108225164.

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41

Chen, Chang, Zi Liu, Gui Wang, and Xiao Feng. "Fabrication and characterization of compositionally graded Bi1−x GdxFeO3 thin films." Materials Science-Poland 32, no. 3 (2014): 498–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s13536-014-0213-1.

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AbstractAn undoped BiFeO3 thin film, Gd doped Bi0.95Gd0.05FeO3 thin film with a constant composition, Gd up-graded doped Bi1−x GdxFeO3 and Gd down-graded doped Bi1−x GdxFeO3 thin films were successfully grown on Pt (111)/Ti/SiO2/Si (100) substrates using a sol-gel and spin coating technique. The crystal structure, ferroelectric and dielectric characteristics as well as the leakage currents of these samples were thoroughly investigated. The XRD (X-Ray Diffraction) patterns indicate that all these thin films consist of solely perovskite phase with polycrystalline structure. No other secondary ph
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42

ZHONG, S., S. ALPAY, Z. G. BAN, and J. V. MANTESE. "DIELECTRIC PERMITTIVITY AND PYROELECTRIC RESPONSE OF COMPOSITIONALLY GRADED FERROELECTRICS." Integrated Ferroelectrics 71, no. 1 (2005): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10584580590965005.

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43

Sbrockey, N. M., M. W. Cole, T. S. Kalkur, M. Luong, J. E. Spanier, and G. S. Tompa. "MOCVD Growth of Compositionally Graded BaxSr1-xTiO3 Thin Films." Integrated Ferroelectrics 126, no. 1 (2011): 21–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10584587.2011.574975.

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44

Jia, Mingyong, Fei Chen, Yueqi Wu, et al. "Microstructure and shear fracture behavior of Mo/AlN/Mo symmetrical compositionally graded materials." Materials Science and Engineering: A 834 (February 2022): 142591. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2021.142591.

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45

Jandl, Adam, Mayank T. Bulsara, and Eugene A. Fitzgerald. "Materials properties and dislocation dynamics in InAsP compositionally graded buffers on InP substrates." Journal of Applied Physics 115, no. 15 (2014): 153503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4871289.

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46

Sakai, Joe, José Manuel Caicedo Roque, Pablo Vales-Castro, et al. "Control of Lateral Composition Distribution in Graded Films of Soluble Solid Systems A1−xBx by Partitioned Dual-Beam Pulsed Laser Deposition." Coatings 10, no. 6 (2020): 540. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings10060540.

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Lateral compositionally-graded thin films are powerful media for the observation of phase boundaries as well as for high-throughput materials exploration. We herein propose a method to prepare epitaxial lateral compositionally-graded films using a dual-beam pulsed laser deposition (PLD) method with two targets separated by a partition. Tuning the ambient pressure and the partition—substrate gap makes it possible to control of the gradient length of the deposits at the small sizes (≤ 10 mm) suitable for commercial oxide single crystal substrates. A simple Monte Carlo simulation qualitatively re
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47

Li, Xuefei, Jianming Xu, Tieshi Wei, et al. "Enhanced Properties of Extended Wavelength InGaAs on Compositionally Undulating Step-Graded InAsP Buffers Grown by Molecular Beam Epitaxy." Crystals 11, no. 12 (2021): 1590. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst11121590.

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The extended wavelength InGaAs material (2.3 μm) was prepared by introducing compositionally undulating step-graded InAsyP1−y buffers with unequal layer thickness grown by solid-source molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). The properties of the extended wavelength InGaAs layer were investigated. The surface showed ordered crosshatch morphology and a low roughness of 1.38 nm. Full relaxation, steep interface and less than one threading dislocation in the InGaAs layer were demonstrated by taking advantage of the strain compensation mechanism. Room temperature photoluminescence (PL) exhibited remarkable
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48

Adikary, S. U., and H. L. W. Chan. "Compositionally graded BaxSr1−xTiO3 thin films for tunable microwave applications." Materials Chemistry and Physics 79, no. 2-3 (2003): 157–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0254-0584(02)00255-9.

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49

Ayers, J. E., Tedi Kujofsa, Johanna Raphael, and Md Tanvirul Islam. "Recent Advances in the Modeling of Strain Relaxation and Dislocation Dynamics in InGaAs/GaAs (001) Heterostructures." International Journal of High Speed Electronics and Systems 29, no. 01n04 (2020): 2040005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129156420400054.

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In this paper we describe state-of-the-art approaches to the modeling of strain relaxation and dislocation dynamics in InGaAs/GaAs (001) heterostructures. Current approaches are all based on the extension of the original Dodson and Tsao plastic flow model to include compositional grading and multilayers, dislocation interactions, and differential thermal expansion. Important recent break-throughs have greatly enhanced the utility of these modeling approaches in four respects: i) pinning interactions are included in graded and multilayered structures, providing a better description of the limit
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50

Zheng, Ting, Yungang Yu, Haobin Lei, et al. "Compositionally Graded KNN‐Based Multilayer Composite with Excellent Piezoelectric Temperature Stability." Advanced Materials 34, no. 8 (2022): 2109175. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.202109175.

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