Academic literature on the topic 'Compossibility'

In The Logic of Sense, Deleuze effectively argues that two types of relation between events govern their ‘evental’ or ‘ideal play’, and ultimately underlie determined substances, that is, worldly individuals and persons. Leibniz calls these relations ‘compossibility’ and ‘incompossibility’. Deleuze calls them ‘convergence’ and ‘divergence’. This paper explores how Deleuze appropriates and extends a number of Leibnizian concepts in order to ground the idea that events have ontological priority over substances ‘all the way down’.

My topic is Alvin Plantinga’s ’solution’ to one of the many forms that the problem of evil takes: the modal abstract form. This form of the problem is abstract in that it does not deal with the amounts or kinds of evil which exist, but only with the fact that there is some evil or other. And it is modal in that it concerns the compossibility of the following propositions, not any evidential relation between them:(1) God is omnipotent, omniscient, and wholly goodand(2) There is evil in the world.

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This research aims to restore, in the realms of cyberart, the notions of refrain, compossibility and contemplation, through the development of an interactive installation named Ritus. Based on the Deleuzian notion of refrain as an expressive material capable of creating territories, a study was conducted concerning repetition as an enabler of the difference in philosophy and contemporary art. The concept of compossibility was adopted as a narrative model to artistic processes based on computer programming. The question of contemplation in art was treated in order to conceive the possibility of a paradoxical contemplative situation in interactive works. Furthermore, a study was conducted about the potential of sonic material as a trigger of altered states of consciousness. Finally, was outlined the genesis path of the installation Ritus, based on an interactive environment in which sound and image repeated in loops are actualized by the interactor according its position in a room, evoking audiovisual contents captured on religious events performed in state of CearÃ.
Esta pesquisa pretende reconstituir, no Ãmbito da ciberarte, as noÃÃes de ritornelo, compossibilidade e contemplaÃÃo, por meio do desenvolvimento de uma instalaÃÃo interativa denominada Ritus. Partindo da noÃÃo deleuzeana de ritornelo como matÃria expressiva criadora de territÃrios, foi realizado um estudo acerca da repetiÃÃo como elemento propiciador da diferenÃa na filosofia e na arte contemporÃnea. O conceito de compossibilidade foi adotado como modelo de narrativa para os processos artÃsticos baseados em programaÃÃes computacionais. A questÃo da contemplaÃÃo na arte foi tratada no sentido de conceber a possibilidade paradoxal de uma situaÃÃo contemplativa em obras interativas. Ademais, foi realizado um estudo sobre as potencialidades da matÃria sonora como provocadora de estados alterados de consciÃncia. Por fim, foram delineados os percursos de gÃnese da instalaÃÃo Ritus, baseada num ambiente interativo em que sons e imagem reiterados na forma de loops sÃo atualizados pelo sujeito interator a partir de sua posiÃÃo numa sala, evocando material audiovisual captado em manifestaÃÃes religiosas realizadas no estado do CearÃ.

L’évocation de la Renaissance italienne des XVe et XVIe siècles est souvent synonyme de la propagation d’une nouvelle pensée de l’homme, exaltant les valeurs oubliées de l’excellence et de la liberté humaines. Chez un philosophe comme Giordano Bruno (1548-1600), la question de la liberté ne se présente pas aussi facilement que chez d’autres grands auteurs des Quattrocento et Cinquecento (tel Marsile Ficin ou Pic de la Mirandole). Sa défiance héroïque envers l’autorité ecclésiastique et son exécution par l’Inquisition, le 17 février 1600, sur le campo dei Fiori, illustrent sa longue lutte pour libérer la philosophie des entraves de la religion révélée. Bruno peut se targuer d’être l’un des premiers penseurs depuis l’Antiquité à intégrer une cosmologie, une physique, une psychologie et une éthique dans un système de philosophie (la nova filosofia). Malgré une terminologie parfois fluctuante et des contradictions souvent apparentes, la philosophie de Bruno possède une réelle cohérence interne et peut être regardée comme annonçant celle de Spinoza. Or à la différence du déterminisme de ce dernier, Bruno soutient que l’homme est doté d’un libre arbitre, s’opposant en cela aux thèses de Luther et abondant dans le sens d’Erasme. Son affirmation d’une liberté humaine intimement liée aux problèmes éthiques et religieux de son époque n’est toutefois pas sans provoquer certaines tensions au regard de sa conception métaphysique d’un univers infini en acte. L’objet de ce travail est d’analyser la thèse brunienne de la compossibilité de la liberté humaine avec la nécessité divine qui s’exprime dans un univers métamorphique et infini, en recherchant, dans une première partie, les sources de son compatibilisme et en interprétant, dans une seconde partie, la manière dont Bruno concilie liberté et nécessité
The evocation of the Italian Renaissance of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries is often synonymous with the spread of a new human thought, exalting the forgotten values of human excellence and freedom. For a philosopher like Giordano Bruno (1548-1600), the problem of freedom does not arise as easily as it does for other great authors of Quattrocento and Cinquecento (such as Marsilio Ficino or Pico della Mirandola). His heroic defiance of ecclesiastical authority and his execution by the Inquisition on 17 February 1600 onto the Campo de’ Fiori, exemplifies his long struggle to free philosophy from the trammels of revealed religion. Bruno can claim to be the first thinker since Antiquity to integrate a cosmology, physics, ethics and psychology into a system of philosophy (nova filosofia). Despite sometimes inconsistent terminology and often apparent contradictions, Bruno’s philosophy has a real inner coherence and can be seen as announcing Spinoza’s. However, unlike the latter’s determinism, Bruno maintains that human being is endowed with a free will, opposing Luther’s theses and agreeing with Erasmus. Nonetheless, his affirmation of human freedom, intimately linked to the ethical and religious problems of his time, is not without causing tensions with regard to his metaphysical conception of the actual infinity in the universe. The purpose of this work is to analyse the brunian thesis of the compossibility of human freedom with the divine necessity expressed in a metamorphic and infinite universe, by seeking, in a first part, the sources of its compatibility and by interpreting, in a second part, the way in which Bruno reconciles liberty and necessity

Cette recherche porte sur la définition de l’utopie. Pour mieux la cerner,nous aborderons sa conceptualisation à partir d’un espace atemporel et ahistorique dans l’objectif de lui donner un champ identitaire – dans la sphère philosophique et sociale –, ainsi qu’un champ disciplinaire, celui de l’utopilogie. L’utopie, telle que nous l'abordons, sera enrichie de son ontologie.Notre démarche nous a ainsi conduite à dégager un projet social qui soit propre à l’utopie et à découvrir une philosophie de la compossibilité : entre genèse et généalogie, c’est-à-dire entre la création de la pensée et la mise en discours. Au terme de cette recherche, nous espérons avoir établi une définition bidimensionnelle et transversale de l’utopie
This research focuses on the definition of utopia. To better understandutopia, we address its conceptualization from a atemporal and ahistoricalperspective in order to provide it with an identitarian field – in thephilosophical and social spheres –, together with a disciplinary field, that ofutopilogy. Utopia, as we approach it, will be enriched by its ontology. Ourprocess has brought us to envision a social project which is specific to utopiaand to discover a philosophy of co possibility : between genesis andgenealogy – that is, between the creation and expression of thought. At the endof this research, we hope that we have established a bi-dimensional andtransversal definition of utopia

Cette recherche est centrée sur l’idée de méta-mesures en tant que concept opératoire pour la création artistique. En partant de la réflexion sur les structures qui constituent le langage poétique du duo artistique Ío, traversée par des questions théoriques et des contrepoints avec d'autres domaines, nous avons identifié un ensemble de caractéristiques qui peuvent être définies comme méta-mesures : principes ou instruments de mesurage, non restrictifs, couvrant les oeuvres depuis sa conception jusqu'à sa réception par le public. Elles définissent les limites qu'une idée, un concept ou une forme de référence pourrait atteindre avant de se décaractériser. Ce sont des mesures d’indétermination, polysémiques, et se réfèrent à la rencontre de plusieurs délimitations superposées, des réalités changeantes qui oscillent entre l’abstraction et la concrétude pour l'observateur. Nous cherchons à conceptualiser trois grands axes principaux qui conduisent les chapitres : le Temps, le Jeu et la Compossibilité. Ces aspects sont développés par des travaux sur lesquels ces propriétés s'insinuent, ainsi qu’à travers le contexte qui leur a permis d'exister. Nous recherchons l'idée de méta-mesures en tant qu’instruments de mesurage poétique qui partent de l'idée de mesures avec leur précision et leur reproductibilité vers des délimitations qui semblent plus pertinentes à l’art. Ce concept est pensé pour réfléchir sur la poiétique, en particulier l’instauration de l’oeuvre, ainsi que la perception d'un ensemble d'oeuvres.
A presente pesquisa é centrada na ideia de metamedidas enquanto conceito operatório para a criação artística. Partindo da reflexão acerca das estruturas que constituem a linguagem poética do duo artístico Ío, permeada por questões teóricas e contrapontos com outras áreas, identificamos um conjunto de características que podem ser definidas como metamedidas: princípios ou instrumentos de aferição não restritas, que abarcam a obra desde sua concepção até sua recepção pelo público. Elas definem os limites que uma ideia, conceito ou forma de referência poderia alcançar antes de descaracterizar-se. São medidas de indeterminação, polissêmicas, e referem-se ao encontro de várias delimitações sobrepostas, realidades cambiantes que oscilam entre concreção e abstração para o observador. Por meio de três eixos principais que conduzem os capítulos: o Tempo, o Jogo e a Compossibilidade, buscamos conceituá-las. Tais aspectos são desenvolvidos por meio de trabalhos em que tais propriedades se insinuam, assim como pelo contexto que permitiu que eles existissem. Investigamos a ideia de metamedidas como instrumentos de aferição poética que partem da ideia de medidas – em sua precisão e reprodutibilidade – em direção de delimitações que nos parecem mais afeitas à arte. Este conceito é pensado para refletir sobre a poiética, sobretudo a instauração da obra e também a percepção de um conjunto de obras.

This thesis is a study of G.W. Leibniz’s views on compossibility. Leibniz calls substances that can be brought into existence together “compossible,” and he says that substances that cannot be brought into existence together are “incompossible.” Incompossibility and compossibility together divide substances into sets of individual substances that make up possible worlds. God then chooses from these possible worlds the best one to bring into existence. Thus without compossibility, the contingency of the world, and even God’s choice could have no rational basis. It is on these grounds that Leibniz thought compossibility was the most powerful—and perhaps, only—defense against the position that the actual world is the only possible world. This is a position that was powerfully argued for by Benedict de Spinoza. For largely theological reasons Spinoza’s position was unacceptable to Leibniz. Since Leibniz’s own time thinkers have found it difficult to see why all the substances are not compossible with one another given certain other philosophical and theological claims Leibniz is committed to. This state of affairs has been exacerbated by the fact that Leibniz himself seems not to have been concerned with providing a clear answer to this conundrum. In an attempt to fill in this omission, and to justify Leibniz’s intuition philosophers have proposed varying accounts of compossibility. Unfortunately, all of these accounts fall short of upholding a comprehensive rational explanation of the world’s contingency based on the objective rational choice of God. My dissertation presents a picture that is multi-faceted in its sensitivity to Leibniz’s theological, physical and logical concerns while nevertheless harmonizing with other tenets of Leibniz’s overall philosophy. I seek to achieve this end by defending the view that compossibility is based on the logical properties of the complete concepts of substances understood as embedded within networks of mutual intelligibility.
Thesis (Ph.D, Philosophy) -- Queen's University, 2014-04-09 13:03:19.752

This thesis is concerned with the interaction between literature and abstract thought. More specifically, it studies the epistemological charge of the literary, the type of knowledge that is carried by elements proper to fictional narratives into different disciplines. By concentrating on two different theoretical methods, the creation of thought experiments and the framing of possible worlds, methods which were elaborated and are still used today in spheres as varied as modal logics, analytic philosophy and physics, and by following their reinsertion within literary theory, the research develops the theory that both thought experiments and possible worlds are in fact short narrative stories that inform knowledge through literary means. By using two novels, Abbott’s Flatland and Vonnegut’s The Sirens of Titan, that describe extra-dimensional existence in radically different ways, respectively as a phenomenologically unknowable space and as an outward perspective on time, it becomes clear that literature is constitutive of the way in which worlds, fictive, real or otherwise, are constructed and understood. Thus dimensions, established through extensional analogies as either experimental knowledge or modal possibility for a given world, generate new directions for thought, which can then take part in the inductive/deductive process of scientia. By contrasting the dimensions of narrative with the way that dimensions were historically constituted, the research also establishes that the literary opens up an infinite potential of abstract space-time domains, defined by their specific rules and limits, and that these different experimental folds are themselves partaking in a dimensional process responsible for new forms of understanding. Over against science fiction literary theories of speculation that posit an equation between the fictive and the real, this thesis examines the complex structure of many overlapping possibilities that can organise themselves around larger compossible wholes, thus offering a theory of reading that is both non-mimetic and non-causal. It consequently examines the a dynamic process whereby literature is always reconceived through possibilities actualised by reading while never defining how the reader will ultimately understand the overarching structure. In this context, the thesis argues that a causal story can be construed out of any one interaction with a given narrative—underscoring, for example, the divinatory strength of a particular vision of the future—even as this narrative represents only a fraction of the potential knowledge of any particular literary text. Ultimately, the study concludes by tracing out how novel comprehensions of the literary, framed by the material conditions of their own space and time, endlessly renew themselves through multiple interactions, generating analogies and speculations that facilitate the creation of new knowledge.
Cette thèse se penche sur l’interaction entre la littérature et la pensée abstraite. Plus spécifiquement, elle étudie la charge épistémologique du littéraire, le type de savoir qui est transporté par des éléments propres aux narrations fictives vers d’autres champs disciplinaires. En ce concentrant sur deux méthodes théoriques, la création d’expériences de pensée et l’établissement de mondes possibles, des méthodes qui ont été élaborées et sont toujours d’usage aujourd’hui dans des disciplines aussi variées que la logique modale, la philosophie analytique et la physique, et en suivant leur réinsertion à même la théorie littéraire, la recherche développe la postulat que les expériences de pensée et les mondes possibles sont en fait de courtes histoires narratives qui informent le savoir par des moyens littéraire. En utilisant Flatland de Abbott et The Sirens of Titan de Vonnegut, deux romans qui décrivent l’existence extra-dimensionnelle de façons radicalement différentes, un espace phénoménologiquement inconnaissable chez Abbott et une perspective extérieure au temps chez Vonnegut, il devient clair que la littérature est constitutive de la façon qu’un monde— qu’il soit fictif, réel ou autre—est construit et compris. Ainsi, les dimensions établies par des analogies extensionnelles génèrent de nouvelles directions pour la pensée, qui peut ensuite prendre part au processus inductif/déductif de la scientia. En contrastant les dimensions narratives avec la notion de dimension telle qu’elle s’est constituée historiquement, la recherche établit également que le littéraire ouvre un potentiel infini de domaines spatiotemporels abstraits, définis par leurs règles et leurs limites spécifiques, et que ces différents plis expérimentaux prennent eux-mêmes part dans un processus dimensionnel responsable pour de nouvelles formes de compréhensions. Au-delà des théories spéculatives qu’on retrouve dans l’étude de la science-fiction, où est mise de l’avant une équation entre le fictif et le réel, cette thèse examine la structure complexe de plusieurs possibilités superposées qui peuvent s’organiser autour d’ensembles compossibles plus importants, ainsi offrant une théorie de la lecture qui est à la fois non- mimétique et non-causale. En conséquence, l’investigation examine un processus dynamique par lequel la littérature est toujours reconsidérée au travers des possibilités qui sont actualisées par la lecture, alors qu’elle ne définit jamais la compréhension ultime que le lecteur ou la lectrice se fera de la structure globale du texte. Dans ce contexte, la thèse argumente qu’une histoire causale peut être créée à partir de n’importe quelle interaction avec le texte— soulignant, par exemple, la force divinatoire d’une vision du futur particulière—même si cette narration ne représente qu’une fraction du savoir potentiel contenu à l’intérieur de n’importe quel texte littéraire particulier. Ultimement, l’étude conclut en décrivant comment de nouvelles compréhensions du texte, encadrées par les conditions matérielles de leur propre espace et temps, se renouvellent sans cesse grâce à des interactions multiples, ainsi générant des analogies et des spéculations qui facilitent la création de nouveaux savoirs.