Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Compréhension de l’anglais oral'
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Zoghlami, Naouel. "Processus ascendants et descendants en compréhension de l'oral en langue étrangère - Problèmes et retombées didactiques pour la compréhension de l'anglais." Thesis, Paris 8, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA080041.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the complex relationship between bottom-up and top-down processes in L2 speech comprehension; i.e. between the use of the signal and the linguistic input on one hand, and the integration of various types of knowledge (linguistic, discourse, pragmatic, general) on the other hand. Despite a large body of research on the cognitive processes underlying listening in psycholinguistics, foreign language (L2) acquisition and teaching (e.g., Cutler & Clifton, 1999; Field, 2008a; Rost, 2002; Brown, 1990), there are still gaps in our understanding of these processes and the impact certain factors have on listening comprehension. Assuming that L1 and L2 listening follow the same cognitive architecture, we first review recent psycholinguistic models of L1 listening. We also examine the main factors constraining L2 listening comprehension. As our summary of the few SLA studies that have investigated the role of bottom-up information and the strategic behavior of L2 listeners points to the important contribution of metacognition, we clarify the terminological fuzziness characterizing this concept, and propose a model of metacognition in real-world unidirectional L2 listening. We then present the results of a study that we conducted to investigate the exact contribution of these different factors to L2 listening. The participants in this study were EFL French and Tunisian teachers (n=23) and learners (n=226). Using mixed quantitative (different tests and questionnaires) and qualitative (protocol analysis and gating experiments - Ericsson & Simon, 1993; Grosjean, 1980) methods, our aim was to investigate: 1) the factors perceived by learners and teachers as influencing L2 listening; 2) the relative contribution of linguistic knowledge, auditory discrimination, spoken word recognition (SWR), and meta-comprehension knowledge to successful L2 listening; 3) on-line listening problems and strategy use. For all of these parameters, we looked more closely at different levels of listening proficiency (various analyses of the performance of skilled and unskilled L2 listeners), as well as the possible influence of the two L1s (French and Tunisian Arabic) involved in the study.Our analyses show that: 1) there is a general discrepancy between what is perceived as making L2 listening difficult and what really renders it problematic; 2) SWR and vocabulary knowledge contribute significantly to the variance in L2 listening, with SWR being a stronger predictor; 3) listening problems encountered on-line are mainly lower-level (segmentation) and, although strategies contribute to speech comprehension, they are not discriminatory. What characterizes a proficient L2 listener seems to be accurate formal processing, not strategic processing of oral input. The findings are discussed from a theoretical and pedagogical perspective. Keywords: listening comprehension, French and Tunisian learners of L2 English, bottom-up and top-down processes, formal processing, integration and situation model, attentional resources, gating, protocol analysis, comparative analysis
Guyomard-Guihard, Chantal. "Dispositif audio-synchrone multimodal : quelle plus-value pour l'apprentissage de la compréhension de l'oral et la production orale en continu et en interaction de l’anglais (L2) en milieu secondaire français ?" Thesis, Nantes, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NANT2025.
Full textNumerous studies have demonstrated how learning systems rely on socio-constructivist and interactionist theories thereby emphasising the importance of interaction to L2 acquisition. This means that the learner also acquires clarification and restatement skills when language meaning is negotiated and corrective feedback is obtained. English as a foreign language is mandatory in French secondary and higher education. The purpose of this study is to analyse virtual collaboration as a mean to expose learners to English-speaking environments so that there are constant practice and a deeper understanding of the target language. Skype was used as a virtual collaboration tool with a group of 15 French and 25 Irish secondary students aged 16-18 who were learning English and French, respectively. 30-minute bimonthly virtual meetings with specific pedagogical tasks were part of the classroom environment. This allowed each student to become an “expert” in his/her native language. The digital learning tool will be explained and then a body of exolingual conversations featuring two types of information exchange activities will be analysed using Varonis & Gass Model (1985), enhanced by Smith (2003). Different types of triggers, signals, answers, and reactions are highlighted for all conversations described in the study. Negotiations of meaning were identified, but it appears that only a few led to potential acquisition according to de Pietro, Matthey & Py’s definition (1989). As a result, pedagogical tasks and authenticity may have to be re-designed
Zoghlami, Naouel. "Processus ascendants et descendants en compréhension de l'oral en langue étrangère - Problèmes et retombées didactiques pour la compréhension de l'anglais." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA080041.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the complex relationship between bottom-up and top-down processes in L2 speech comprehension; i.e. between the use of the signal and the linguistic input on one hand, and the integration of various types of knowledge (linguistic, discourse, pragmatic, general) on the other hand. Despite a large body of research on the cognitive processes underlying listening in psycholinguistics, foreign language (L2) acquisition and teaching (e.g., Cutler & Clifton, 1999; Field, 2008a; Rost, 2002; Brown, 1990), there are still gaps in our understanding of these processes and the impact certain factors have on listening comprehension. Assuming that L1 and L2 listening follow the same cognitive architecture, we first review recent psycholinguistic models of L1 listening. We also examine the main factors constraining L2 listening comprehension. As our summary of the few SLA studies that have investigated the role of bottom-up information and the strategic behavior of L2 listeners points to the important contribution of metacognition, we clarify the terminological fuzziness characterizing this concept, and propose a model of metacognition in real-world unidirectional L2 listening. We then present the results of a study that we conducted to investigate the exact contribution of these different factors to L2 listening. The participants in this study were EFL French and Tunisian teachers (n=23) and learners (n=226). Using mixed quantitative (different tests and questionnaires) and qualitative (protocol analysis and gating experiments - Ericsson & Simon, 1993; Grosjean, 1980) methods, our aim was to investigate: 1) the factors perceived by learners and teachers as influencing L2 listening; 2) the relative contribution of linguistic knowledge, auditory discrimination, spoken word recognition (SWR), and meta-comprehension knowledge to successful L2 listening; 3) on-line listening problems and strategy use. For all of these parameters, we looked more closely at different levels of listening proficiency (various analyses of the performance of skilled and unskilled L2 listeners), as well as the possible influence of the two L1s (French and Tunisian Arabic) involved in the study.Our analyses show that: 1) there is a general discrepancy between what is perceived as making L2 listening difficult and what really renders it problematic; 2) SWR and vocabulary knowledge contribute significantly to the variance in L2 listening, with SWR being a stronger predictor; 3) listening problems encountered on-line are mainly lower-level (segmentation) and, although strategies contribute to speech comprehension, they are not discriminatory. What characterizes a proficient L2 listener seems to be accurate formal processing, not strategic processing of oral input. The findings are discussed from a theoretical and pedagogical perspective. Keywords: listening comprehension, French and Tunisian learners of L2 English, bottom-up and top-down processes, formal processing, integration and situation model, attentional resources, gating, protocol analysis, comparative analysis
Zigani, Housougna Rabiyatou. "Use of ICT in Teaching English : challenges and Perspectives for the University Joseph KI-ZERBO in an International Collaborative Context." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Rennes 2, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023REN20024.
Full textThis thesis proposes an innovative approach to improving English language proficiency among students in the University Joseph KI-Zerbo (UJKZ) English department in Burkina Faso, focusing on teaching listening comprehension (LC). Based on a data collection methodology over two years at the UJKZ, we aim to explore the potential benefits of introducing new ICT to enhance students' LC skills. The experiments conducted in this thesis are based on a recent observation: educational technologies have become necessary in language teaching, particularly since the COVID-19 crisis. While many European universities have set up distance learning systems to ensure continuity of learning, the University JKZ has faced challenges during this transition, like many universities in Africa, Asia, and South America. Several innovative systems have been put in place in this research. Firstly, the study exploits the possibilities offered by an international collaborative project called the VEC, which provides a collaborative distance learning environment using OER. By participating in this project, students developed their language skills by working in teams with students from other countries to tackle environmental challenges and exchange best practices and ideas. Secondly, using ICT tools enabled students to actively participate in listening exercises based on audio recordings and gap-filling texts. The study draws on theoretical concepts such as collaborative learning, peer tutoring, challenge-based learning, and distance learning. The data is analysed using descriptive and Multivariate statistical approaches. This study enables us to highlight how ICTE can be integrated and the dynamics of work to improve LC, which leads to significant progress in language learning, particularly concerning LC. The results of the study demonstrate the effectiveness of LC teaching and its positive impact on the language skills of UJKZ students. In addition, it highlights the pedagogical integration of ICT in higher education, showing the potential of collaborative learning experiences and virtual platforms to foster effective learning and develop essential skills
Poussard, Cécile. "La compréhension de l'anglais oral et les technologies éducatives." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2000. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/edutice-00000220.
Full textGuichon, Nicolas. "Compréhension de l'anglais oral et TICE -Les conditions d'un apprentissage signifiant." Phd thesis, Université de Nantes, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00870131.
Full textGuichon, Nicolas. "Compréhension de l'anglais oral et TICE : le conditions d'un apprentissage signifiant." Nantes, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004NANT3032.
Full textThis research investigates which conditions specific to multimedia learning may be combined in order to help students to develop their listening comprehension skills within the context of learner autonomy. We first examine the theoretical questions that guide the design of a listening comprehension CALL system. Three different approaches are considered: psychosociological (social representations), psycholinguistic (construction of meaning) and didactic (learning tasks and scenario). Certain methodological issues are addressed in order to lead to a fruitful collaboration between the courseware designer and the developer. We also attempt to show that a multimedia learning environment is structured not only by actual constraints but also by social values. Finally a certain number of conditions are suggested to make ICT a key factor in both developing students' listening skills and in encouraging innovation in education
Bousquet-Vernhettes, Caroline. "Compréhension robuste de la parole spontanée dans le dialogue oral homme-machine : décodage conceptuel stochastique." Toulouse 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002TOU30118.
Full textThe thesis problematic concerns the elaboration of a robust literal understanding model of spontaneous speech in the context of task-oriented application. The report first set out robust understanding of spontaneous speech problematic. Then, we present our modelling based on a stochastic and conceptual approach. We describe the principles retained for the conception of two language models with different granularities. We then propose extensions to our model in order to face the presence of unknown or misrecognized words from recognition string, and to optimise the understanding process, while taking into account the knowledge of the dialog context. .
Démonet, Jean-François. "Déterminants cérébraux des fonctions de compréhension du langage oral étudiés chez le sujet normal par la tomographie d'émission." Toulouse 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994TOU30121.
Full textBédard, Denis. "Étude du développement des habiletés en compréhension de discours informatifs oral et écrit d’élèves de 3ième et de 6ième année du primaire." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/9223.
Full textThierry, Guillaume. "Exploration des processus phonologiques, lexicaux et sémantiques de compréhension du langage oral en potentiels evoqués et en imagerie par résonance magnétique fonctionnelle." Toulouse 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000TOU20037.
Full textDijoux-Latchimy, Jasmine. "Langage oral, prélecture-compréhension et prévention de l’illettrisme : une analyse linguistique de productions orales d’élèves de grande section de maternelle créolophone à La Réunion." Thesis, La Réunion, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LARE0058.
Full textOur thesis "Oral language, prereading, comprehension and prevention of illiteracy: a linguistic analysis of oral productions of pupils of preschool older section in Reunion Island" mobilizes the theoretical choices of descriptive linguistics in the light of a dynamic grasp of the language facts (Staudacher-Valliamée, 1999) in Reunion schools. Our doctoral research corresponds to the linguistic and logical axis of the device "Say, read, calculate in preschool older section". Its purpose is to study the observation of students in the acquisition of oral language in French as a second language (Véronique, 2009) when they start pre-reading comprehension. The linguistic survey conducted in 16 classes concerns 544 pupils, known as sensitive, in a potential school drop-out situation. The corpus of base of 2,500 statements, of a first exploratory diagnostic test (TD1) startingfrom illustrative images, expands to 5009 statements in the second experimental test (TD2), on images of an album of youth literature. Two new tools had to be developed, complemented by the AntConc software, for an analysis adapted to the linguisticdynamics of our corpus: an observation grid of the grammatical units (names, pronouns of people, determiners, verbs) and another one of 7 indicators of understanding. On the criterion of oral productions conforming or not conforming to lexical expectations and semantics, understanding or not, the results obtained differentiate 3 types of profiles: the confirmed preselector, the pre-selector in difficulty and the silent one. The spin-offs from our doctoral research have led to Action 3, in partnership with the Reunion Academy, within the framework of an action plan against illiteracy (2010-2015). Our results highlight in a new way the link between the construction of young students' oral language and their visual memory as they start writing. A contribution to the didactics of the oral (Dolz, Schneuwly,1998) advocates the consideration of the language of the pupils impregnated with the characteristics of Creole oral society, perceptible in the referencing and informational organization of discourse (Picoche,1993). The pedagogical applications reflect the contents of training, development of a tool of diagnosis of lexical skills and semantic knowledge of the students
Bordetas, Bonilla Alba. "Compréhension de l'oral en espagnol langue étrangère : construction de sens à partir de dispositifs de représentation audiovisuels." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU20109/document.
Full textIn this study, I analyze the cognitive process of oral Spanish comprehension as a sense-building process through what I have called “audiovisual representation devices.” These devices are a vehicle for audiovisual (involving multimodality), real (favoring the authenticity of the language), narrative (describing actions following specific patterns) and artistic (appealing to our senses, emotions and intellect) texts. Although a cognitive process cannot be taught, it is possible to explore the strategies that teachers can use to guide students in their learning by encouraging them to "experience" the device, to appropriate it, and so allow them to create new sense, a sense of their own. Thus, this study, which is based on a collection of data after thorough field testing, is guided by the following questions: to what extent can audiovisual representation devices assist in oral Spanish comprehension in higher education? What relationship favoring the creation of meaning maintain language, image and sound in audiovisual representation devices? How must the teacher approach audiovisual representation devices so as to involve, lead, and guide students ensuring they all have a genuine (inter)active role despite any device paradigm shifts? The answers to these questions, which form the body of this dissertation, serve as a few guidelines to help teachers gain an insight into what is at stake when they choose to work using audiovisual representation devices. These answers also aim to motivate higher-education students to approach learning Spanish under better conditions
Colle, Quesada Marie-Mandarine. "Étude de l'impact du contexte sonore environnemental sur la compréhension de dialogues pédagogiques : une démarche expérimentale en didactique du français langue étrangère." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOU20098/document.
Full textOral comprehension is a primary skill when learning foreign languages. In the classroom, it is generally ad-dressed by using dialogues usually depicting daily life situations of native speakers. These materials may include speech only or speech along with contextual environmental sounds. However few studies offer formalisation of these complex course materials, both in terms of their production and their educational use. Our study is based on the following questions: What mechanisms are at stake in a listening task? How ad hoc soundscapes, that may help learners, can be created? Which functions can these soundscapes stand for? How can their impact on understanding linguistic statements be assessed? In our work, we assess the role of a soundscape along with the verbal message: does it play an important part in the understanding of the message, multiplying meaningful cues and providing a frame for the construction of the meaning as previous studies in this field indicate? In this context, we implemented a behavioral experimental design. We elaborated all the test materials, as well as an ad hoc protocol developed in order to assess the understanding of the dialogues, with or without contextual soundscape, by native French speakers and learners of French as a foreign language (A level). Our results reveal that the contextual soundscape helps the comprehension for non-native speakers, which matches the results of the studies about cognitive load. Finally, this study allows us to discuss various didactic perspectives that are in line with a strategic teaching of oral comprehension
Bouraoui, Jean-Léon Mehdi. "Analyse, modélisation et détection automatique des disfluences dans le dialogue oral spontané contraint : le cas du contrôle aérien." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00354772.
Full textCependant, la majorité des travaux de recherche sur le sujet portent sur des usages de langage quotidien : dialogues « à bâtons rompus », demandes d'horaire, discours, etc. Mais qu'en est-il des productions orales spontanées produites dans un cadre contraint ? Aucune étude n'a à notre connaissance été menée dans ce contexte. Or, on sait que l'utilisation d'une « langue de spécialité » dans le cadre d'une tâche donnée entraîne des comportements spécifiques.
Notre travail de thèse est consacré à l'étude linguistique et informatique des disfluences dans un tel cadre. Il s'agit de dialogues de contrôle de trafic aérien, aux contraintes pragmatiques et linguistiques. Nous effectuons une étude exhaustive des phénomènes de disfluences dans ce contexte. Dans un premier temps nous procédons à l'analyse fine de ces phénomènes. Ensuite, nous les modélisons à un niveau de représentation abstrait, ce qui nous permet d'obtenir les patrons correspondant aux différentes configurations observées. Enfin nous proposons une méthodologie de traitement automatique. Celle-ci consiste en plusieurs algorithmes pour identifier les différents phénomènes, même en l'absence de marqueurs explicites. Elle est intégrée dans un système de traitement automatique de la parole. Enfin, la méthodologie est validée sur un corpus de 400 énoncés.
Kim-Dufor, Deok-Hee. "Tests de compréhension du langage oral au niveau prosodique : prosodie linguistique vs prosodie émotionnelle - étude comparative entre le syndrome de Landau-Kleffner et les troubles du spectre autistique." Toulouse 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010TOU20108.
Full textThe present study investigated language outcomes in 3 individuals with Landau-Kleffner syndrome (LKS) and 15 children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) compared with 7 to 8 year-old healthy children and adults. We examined their capacity of understanding simple sentences using linguistic & affective prosodic cues and perceiving them. Assessment tests of prosody using rhythm and anger were designed and used for this study. Results revealed the persistence of affective prosody under certain conditions in individuals with LKS, the ability to identify emotion with a wide range of performances in children with ASD, a possible link between poor prosodic production and poor perception of prosody, the role of rhythm as a “booster” for the process of language comprehension, and certain delayed language development or a different pattern of performance in some participants. With more subjects tested in the future, results from our prosodic tests would allow us to better understand language development in children and it would be helpful for speech-language therapies
Bannani, Rouaissia Sabrina. "Pour une prise en charge des difficultés de la compréhension orale en FLE : cas des collégiens tunisiens issus des milieux défavorisés." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0466.
Full textThis research fits in the field of oral didactics and it aims to study the verbal interactions in the classes of Tunisian middle schools, for learners in difficulty, coming from underprivileged backgrounds.Despite of the efforts, invested by the teachers, and because they are individual and conceived anarchically, they are vain and the demotivation is of such a magnitude that it inhibits any act of learning however small it can be.Teachers are now aware of the need to develop the oral skill for these learners in difficulty, considering it as accessible but they sometimes forget that unlike the privileged areas, the majority of learners from underprivileged areas practice speaking a foreign language which they never use outside of school.What do the FFL methodologies tangibly offer, for teaching oral skills, taking into account students in difficulty?How to train students in oral comprehension and production skills, given the particular context of FFL classes in underprivileged areas?What support plan is proposed to prevent failure and to bring learners in difficulty to have objective and positive representations, vis-à-vis themselves, on one hand, the school alike learning in general, and French in particular on the other hand?In that way, we seek to determine which context can favor the emancipation of learners in difficulty by their speaking up in order to contribute to the oral didactics field and to propose some didactic paths that would make these learners active in the classroom, thus giving them the opportunity to prove their existence through participation, on one hand, and commitment to building the knowledge that is taught to them on the other hand
Sabiron, Jean. "Langue anglaise et étudiants scientifiques : une combinatoire d'outils langagiers et méthodologiques en vue du perfectionnement de la compréhension de l'anglais oral : autour d'un Centre de Ressources, le concept d'ACADEME." Bordeaux 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BOR21025.
Full textMangeol, Bernard. "La composante lexicale dans les systèmes de dialogue oral homme-machine du CRIN." Nancy 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NAN10178.
Full textVinter, Patricia. "Est-il possible et souhaitable d’enseigner la technique de la lecture indépendamment de sa finalité ? : elaboration d'une méthode de lecture qui différencie le décodage de la compréhension en phase d’apprentissage explicite et sa mise à l'épreuve en éducation prioritaire." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO20002.
Full textSchool failure continues to increase in France, as well as the gap between the lowest and highest performing pupils (PISA 2003, 2006, 2009, 2012). Reading is a complex activity that requires mastering conjointly two skills, word identification and meaning understanding. Word identification is the main cause of reading difficulty: the code that binds oral and written information must be understood as being based on conventions, and the pupils who cannot access to symbols encounter difficulties in this understanding. In the present work, we have developed a new learning device that makes clear to children the relationships between oral and written syllables. This device comprises a representation of the writing system and material that enables to manipulate phonogrammes. To this end, we have included an additional step within a reading and writing method, the identification of pseudo-words, that is to say, of “signifieds” (plausible words) without “signifiers” (no corresponding referee or meaning). In order not to neglect the understanding dimension at the beginning of the learning phase, oral stories were presented to the children. They were extracted from an album of 30 chapters in which the heroine, a young witch, attributes meaning to these pseudo-words through her magic spells. In the training phase, the pseudo-words (associated with its signifier) are presented inside various reading - identification and understanding - and writing activities. Our specific training had the expected positive effects in unselected grade 1 elementary pupils from areas of prioritary education. These effects concerned mainly the identification and production of words, without adverse effects in other aspects of writing
Meurs, Marie-Jean. "Approche stochastique bayésienne de la composition sémantique pour les modules de compréhension automatique de la parole dans les systèmes de dialogue homme-machine." Phd thesis, Université d'Avignon, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00634269.
Full textTerrier, Linda. "Méthodologie linguistique pour l'évaluation des restitutions et analyse expérimentale des processus de didactisation du son : recommandations pour un apprentissage raisonné de la compréhension de l'anglais oral par les étudiants francophones du secteur LANSAD." Toulouse 3, 2011. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1554/.
Full textThis PhD thesis was motivated by the weak level of French university student using English for specific purposes in listening to English. We first established which aspects of English phonology may cause listening comprehension difficulties for native speakers of French. We then analyzed the place of phonology and listening skills in the history of English teaching in France and the cognitive processes involved in the act of listening to a foreign language. We concluded this review by suggesting that focus should be put on teaching and learning the language through written transcriptions of oral documents, rather than on listening strategies. This proposed change in the instructional paradigm invited research into new modes of listening to audio or video files and we chose to explore the value of a didactic approach to sound-editing within the framework of the Cognitive Load Theory. The hypothesis is that the sound-editing processes studied could reduce the intrinsic and extraneous cognitive loads linked to the task of understanding spoken English. However, checking this hypothesis against empirical data required possessing a valid tool to assess listening comprehension through written transcriptions. A linguistic methodology was built to that purpose and applied to the quantitative analysis of transcriptions written by students during the four experiments conducted to validate our working hypothesis. A qualitative analysis was also carried out. The results of both these analyses point the way to new proposals regarding teaching and learning English listening comprehension skills based on innovative multimedia instructional designs within a blended learning environment
Maurel, Fabrice. "Transmodalité et multimodalité écrit/oral : modélisation, traitement automatique et évaluation de stratégies de présentation des structures "visuo-architecturale" des textes." Toulouse 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOU30256.
Full textWe are interested in the utility and, if the need arises, the usability of texts visual structure, within the framework of their oral transposition. We propose the synoptic of an oralisation system who leads to a text representation directly interpretable by Text-To-Speech systems. We partially realized the module specific to the oralisation strategies, in order to render some signifying parts of the text often “forgotten” by synthesis systems. The first results of this study led to specifications in the course of integration by an industrial partner. Predictive hypothesis, related to the impact on memorizing/understanding of two strategies coming from our Reformulation-based Oralisation Model for Texts Written to be Silently Read (MORTELS), have been formulated and tested. This work shows that cognitive functions was lost. Prototypes, exploiting the “Page Reflection” notion, have been conceived through interfaces in which multimodality is used to fill this gaps
Gut, Dagmara. "Quels usages des TICE permettent d’optimiser l’apprentissage d’une Langue Vivante Étrangère dans une approche par compétences ? : le cas de la compréhension de l’oral en polonais langue étrangère." Thesis, Lille 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LIL30030.
Full textThis action research in dealing with the teaching of Polish as a Foreign Language investigates the conditions of use of multimedia learning environments (MLE). More specifically, we focus on the role and contributions of different types of help options, specific to multimedia tools, available to learners in listening Computer Assisted language Learning (CALL) activity. The theoretical framework is built around the act of learning that we consider according to different approaches : psycholinguistic, didactic and multimedia. Two complementary studies, the corpus analysis of the already existing polish MLE and the opinion survey on teachers' and learners' expectations related to CALL learning systems, complete this inventory. On this basis, we designed a listening comprehension CALL prototype module based on an authentic video document and accompanied by several multimodal help options. Finally, we present the results of an experimental qualitative study. Its objective is to observe empirically how learners use the help options available to them. Thereby, we attempt to identify their usefulness and usability for oral comprehension. We try to identify which aids the learners use, why (their expectations) and with which results for understanding (their satisfaction). We also collect critical opinions on the developed prototype. Through a triangulation of data we focus on a certain number of teaching and ergonomic implications to optimize the listening comprehension of a multimedia document, especially by considering the cognitive characteristics of learners. We suppose in particular that the understanding process could be forested by the progressive integration of help functionalities in CALL listening comprehension tasks. In our opinion, this could help learners to develop not only their language skills (i.e. listening comprehension of Polish as a Foreign Language), but also strategic competence (cognitive and metacognitive strategies)
Vanleene, François. "Le role de l'anticipation dans l'apprentissage d'une langue seconde : etudes et applications didactiques pour l'enseignement du francais langue etrangere." Thesis, Nice, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013NICE2005.
Full textThis study intends to decrypt experimentally the interpreting process in the learning of a second language such as French, by questioning the traditional concept of analytical decoding and by substituting it the principle of anticipation. Our hypothesis is that utterances are not understood through a continuous and chronological adding of signs, but is rather constructed from invariant procedures of identification of the meaning and from the recognition of structures and universal schemes. The first chapter prepares the ground for this research by introducing three essential theories which could explain the phenomenon of anticipation: the theories of Universal Grammar (Chomsky), of Enunciative and Predicative Operations (Culioli) and of General Semantics (Pottier). We discuss the various prospects brought by these theories and we relate them with the topic of our research. In the second chapter, we present the iconographic material we have conducted our experiment with, the advantages of which consist in being neutral, syntactically adjustable andinterpretable in the subjects’ native tongue as much as in the target language. We introduce the Chinese participants and the principles of our experiment, which consists in converting oral utterances to iconographic sequences. We present the linguistic features of the sentences we have used by the aid of the theories we reviewed in the first section. In our third chapter, we make the analysis of the 14 subjects’ productions by taking account of the nature of the chosen icons, the order in which they are selected and their placement in the sequences. These three parameters allow us to reveal various schemes of anticipation and to confirm the theory according to which comprehension is a process of reconstruction from conceptual, cognitive and linguistic knowledge. The last chapter sums the experiment up, summarize our conclusions and test them against the theories about language universals and invariants. It defines also some possible threads that can be followed in the field of language acquisition and which consider the role of anticipation
Jao, Lester Mtwana. "Enseignement/apprentissage de la composante orale à travers Parlons français, méthode de FLE élaborée au Kenya à partir de la problématique de l’approche communicative." Thesis, Pau, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PAUU1015/document.
Full textMost languages taught consist of two components: the written and oral components. The latter, commonly referred to as “oral”, does not seem to interest many researchers of French as a Foreign Language in Kenya. In this country most researches conducted in the area of French as a Foreign Language focus mainly on the written component of the language. The few researchers who have ventured into the oral domain have dealt mainly with the teaching and learning of the oral component of language in general. It is noteworthy that studies on the oral component in a given French textbook in Kenya have not yet been carried out. This is what prompted us to undertake this study, which generally aims at determining the extent to which Parlons français conforms to principles and requirements of the Communicative Approach – the teaching methodology on which this textbook is based. In particular, in this study we ask ourselves the following crucial questions: In what way does Parlons français conform to principles and requirements of the Communicative Approach regarding the teaching and learning of the oral component of French as a Foreign Language? What importance is accorded to “oral” and “oralité” in this particular textbook? How are these two facettes of the oral component presented in the textbook? What difficulties do teachers and learners of French using Parlons français in the teaching and learning of the oral component encounter in Kenyan secondary schools? Our study seeks to provide answers to these questions
Bédard, Olsson Janique. "À la Recherche d'Éléments de Phonétique : Une analyse de la phonétique comme outil de travail dans l'enseignement du français dans les lycées suédois." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Lärarhögskolan vid Umeå universitet (LH), 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-51597.
Full textVallat, Charlotte. "Etude de la stratégie enseignante d’étayage dans des interactions en classe de français langue étrangère (FLE), en milieu universitaire chinois." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012TOU20025/document.
Full textThis study deals with the analyses of teaching practices during a controlled experiment in a Chinese university (South China Normal University, Canton, Guangdong, China). We focus on the way French as a Foreign Language (FFL) teachers guide their students during oral sessions and as well on their scaffolding. In a teaching/learning situation, the scaffolding stands for all the ways the teacher adapts his interventions to his students’ abilities as well as his processes of adjustment in a classroom setting. Our aim is to observe and evaluate the strategies used by teachers to improve oral comprehension and oral production. From a methodological point of view, the research relies on various sources of data: the analysis of questionnaires filled in by Chinese students, conversations with the teachers, and observations of classes. Our filmed observations are transcribed (ICOR convention) and analyzed from an interactionist perspective. We focused on two groups of students with a different teacher for each group (one conducted by a Chinese teacher and the other conducted by a French Canadian teacher). We observed two classes for two groups (same teaching materials, equal number of students, same level). The methodology of observation was carried out in three phases: class preparation by the teacher (interview before class and teaching preparation), class progress (teacher’s action) and metacognitive feedback after the class (interview after class). This allowed us to consider the class as a whole but also as a complex series of parts. The analysis grid, which takes into account the verbal, the para-verbal and non-verbal character of speech, is one of the pioneering aspects of this study. With the aid of this analysis grid, we assess the nature of the FFL teachers’ scaffolding and, thus, the way FFL teachers guide their students during oral sessions in the context of a Chinese university.This study is part of a praxeological research aimed at defining pedagogical and didactical guidelines, on one hand about the crucial role of scaffolding in teaching practices and, on the other hand, about FFL oral didactic in a particular setting: Chinese universities
Zaouali, Hasna. "Etude acoustique de la production de la parole chez des patients glossectomisés." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019STRAC021.
Full textThe present work focuses on the production of speech after surgical excision of a tumour in the oral and oropharyngeal cavity in order to detect various articulatory-acoustic perturbations that such a surgical operation entails. This longitudinal study aims to reveal possible compensation or readjustment strategies that the patient can deploy, alone or with the help of speech therapy. The originality of this work lies in the importance given to the spatial and temporal organisation of speech, by examining several articulatori-acoustic inter and intra segmental parameters. Three linguistic tasks have been investigated: 1) the production of sustained vowels [i, a, u]; 2) the production of VCV sequences in two different contexts, the consonant being one of the French plosives or fricatives [p, t, k, b, d, g, s, ʃ, z, ʒ]; 3) a subjective assessment of speech quality after glossectomy. The acoustic recordings of the patients' productions were carried out during 4 phases: 1) preoperatively (the day before the intervention); 2) in Postop1 (between 1 and 1, 5 months); 3) in Postop2 (3 months after surgery); 4) in Postop3 (6 months after the intervention).Ten patients and three healthy subjects were recorded. The data collected from patients, informing about perturbations and adjustments, corresponded to temporal and spectral measurements carried out on the acoustic speech signal. The also included self-evaluation by the patients of the quality of their speech (Speech Handicap Index or SHI). Perturbation of the articulatory gestures and subsequent adjustments, observed for each patient from the acoustic data, allowed highlighting characterisations of vocalic and consonantal productions after tumour excision localised in the speech production system. It was interesting to realise that changes in lingual synergy with different structures in the vocal tract, as well as anatomo-physiological changes in the oral cavities, provoked by glossectomy, prevent some patients from attaining expected articulatory targets. However, productions generally remain within viability domains, ultimately corresponding to intelligible articulatory-acoustic productions
Arias, Aguilar José Anibal. "Méthodes spectrales pour le traitement automatique de documents audio." Toulouse 3, 2008. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/436/.
Full textThe disfluencies are a frequently occurring phenomenon in any spontaneous speech production; it consists of the interruption of the normal flow of speech. They have given rise to numerous studies in Natural Language Processing. Indeed, their study and precise identification are essential, both from a theoretical and applicative perspective. However, most of the researches about the subject relate to everyday uses of language: "small talk" dialogs, requests for schedule, speeches, etc. But what about spontaneous speech production made in a restrained framework? To our knowledge, no study has ever been carried out in this context. However, we know that using a "language specialty" in the framework of a given task leads to specific behaviours. Our thesis work is devoted to the linguistic and computational study of disfluencies within such a framework. These dialogs concern air traffic control, which entails both pragmatic and linguistic constraints. We carry out an exhaustive study of disfluencies phenomena in this context. At first we conduct a subtle analysis of these phenomena. Then we model them to a level of abstraction, which allows us to obtain the patterns corresponding to the different configurations observed. Finally we propose a methodology for automatic processing. It consists of several algorithms to identify the different phenomena, even in the absence of explicit markers. It is integrated into a system of automatic processing of speech. Eventually, the methodology is validated on a corpus of 400 sentences
Dinzebi, Arlette. "L’étudiant non natif face au cours magistral : une démarche expérimentale." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LYO20059/document.
Full textThe study we present here the results has for object the non-native student face up to oral comprehension and taking notes challenges during lectures in law. This study is part of the axis II section of Adis-language laboratory ICAR II. The study is based on the assumption that the complexity of the functioning or of lectures in law leads to difficulties in listening and note-taking in non-native students who have an uncertain command of French. The data from which we have worked consist of excerpts from videotapes of law courses. We analyzed these recordings according to theoretical presuppositions of the French school of discourse analysis. Several other concepts developed by other schools and other researchers have been used tools for understanding the functioning of the lectures. We were also informed by extensive studies on the lectures conducted in the group Interactions and Language Learning in its component Analysis of didactic speeches.We used the model of listening to lectures theorized by this research group to define the term listening. This model allowed us to identify and label the different complexity parameters of lectures. To measure oral comprehension of these parameters, we adopted an experimental approach. We have developed an experimental design not as sophisticated as required by the experimental method itself, for heuristic reasons. The experimental protocol is based on a set of excerpts of recordings from which we offered to native students and nonnative students listening tests through taking notes and other written and oral questions. The results reveal cases of language proficiency and delicate moments where for various reasons, listening and taking notes are complicated. These results validate the starting hypothesis. We have sketched from here a compensatory mechanism of identified problems, and then we have made perspective for further studies in the future
Ahmed, Rabie Abdelmaguid Wael. "Professionnalisation des enseignants égyptiens du FLE et formation continue à la compétence orale." Thesis, Normandie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NORMR037.
Full textOur philosophy Doctorate "PhD" research aims at highlighting the conditions of the French language teachers in Egypt in terms of the continuing training for oral competency. We aim to understand their difficulties, their needs or even their expectations when it comes to undertaking a training course in oral efficiency. We also try to high light the difficulties teachers face in exercising communication skills with their students in class in public high schools. Our goal is to professionalize their communication skills in order to pass on the results of continuing education programs to their students in classrooms. We do not train just for training but rather to help teachers transfer and pass on their knowledge, cognisance and experiences of French Language Education "FLE" classroom training. This research is built on original and fundamental bases. It starts with the analysis of the difficulties, needs and expectations recognized by Egyptian teachers of FLE then it goes on to set a scientific approach for remedy. The idea of this research is to help the Egyptian teachers of FLE to develop their communication skills professionally according to the new criteria of the Common European Framework of References for Languages, the didactics of FLE, training and teaching profession new theories. The aim is to stimulate the actual linguistic practice of communicative skills through exchange of situations and verbal creation among Egyptian FLE teachers. It is necessary to "realize" the often uncertain promise of French language teachers, most often fully informed of the realities of the language and certain theories, but who, deprived of practice and subject to the general conditions of teaching (student numbers, no motivation, material content, examination), see their role reduced to that of just repeaters. this reform doe snot claim to compensate for the inadequate basic and initial academic training. It aims to build up teachers' confidence, to achieve their autonomy, become able to express themselves easily and perform their mission efficiently giving reinforced image of their study discipline. As such, it places them in a better position to achieve the desirable scenarios of Egyptian pre-university education reform. The age for second language learning should start earlier thus giving the opportunity for extention and diversification of the teaching programs
Roussanaly, Azim. "Dial, la composante dialogue d'un système de communication orale homme-machine finalisée en langage naturel." Nancy 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NAN10461.
Full textGuay, Amélie. "Évaluation de réponses orales plutôt qu'écrites aux questionnaires sur la lecture de textes narratifs : un meilleur moyen pour permettre aux garçons de 5e secondaire d'exprimer leur compréhension." Mémoire, 2010. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/3595/1/M11667.pdf.
Full textShanpei, Zheng. "A disciplina de Laboratório no contexto do ensino-aprendizagem de PLE na China: da teoria à prática. Conceção e redação do compêndio “Ouvir e Falar Português”." Doctoral thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1822/48709.
Full textNos últimos anos, a cooperação entre a China e os países lusófonos tem-se intensificado nas áreas política, económica, cultural, educacional, científica e técnica, exigindo assim um número crescente de profissionais, sobretudo tradutores e intérpretes, capazes de atuar como usuários de língua portuguesa. Para satisfazer esta necessidade, desde 2005 que os cursos de Licenciatura em língua portuguesa se multiplicam nas universidades chinesas, registando-se, neste momento, mais de 20 instituições universitárias com projetos de formação nesta área, na China continental. Para além de contextualizar historicamente o ensino de PLE na China, enquadrando-o no sistema educativo do país, o presente trabalho analisa o perfil dos alunos chineses bem assim como a organização dos processos de ensino de PLE, no sentido de potenciar tais processos, com vista a uma otimização dos mesmos. Uma vez que grande parte dos alunos chineses revela particular dificuldade ao nível do desenvolvimento de competências de audição e de conversação, estas duas vertentes específicas do ensino-aprendizagem do PLE são o foco principal desta investigação. O trabalho estrutura-se em duas partes: a primeira, de natureza analítica e crítico-reflexiva, é constituída pelo enquadramento teórico das questões abordadas; a segunda, explora as potencialidades dos métodos de recolha e tratamento de dados empíricos, os quais são usados para a conceção e redação do compêndio "Ouvir e Falar Português", que constituiu o principal produto da componente prática deste estudo. Este compêndio foi concebido de acordo com as diretrizes emanadas do Quadro Europeu Comum de Referência para as Línguas (QECRL), respeitando igualmente as linhas orientadoras dos planos curriculares universitários chineses naquilo que concerne às disciplinas dedicadas ao desenvolvimento das competências audio-orais. As propostas didáticas nele contidas têm como sustentação de base os pressupostos dos métodos “comunicativo” e de “aprendizagem por tarefas”, sendo seu desiderato final contribuir para a consecução de objetivos quer de natureza linguística – através do desenvolvimento de proficiência em termos de receção e produção orais - , quer de natureza motivacional – por meio da potenciação da autoconfiança e da estimulação da cooperação e do trabalho em equipa, essenciais ao sucesso de qualquer processo de ensino-aprendizagem.
Au cours des dernières années, la coopération entre la Chine et les pays lusophones a intensifié dans les domaines politique, économique, culturel, éducatif, scientifique et technique, nécessitant ainsi un nombre croissant de professionnels, en particulier les traducteurs et interprètes, capables d'agir comme un utilisateur portugais. Pour répondre à ce besoin, depuis 2005 les cours de Licence en portugais multiplient dans les universités chinoises, et sont en effet à ce moment, plus de 20 universités avec des projets de formation dans ce domaine, en Chine continentale. En plus de contextualiser historiquement l'enseignement PLE en Chine, l'encadrant dans le système éducatif du pays, ce document analyse le profil des étudiants chinois ainsi que l'organisation des processus d'enseignement PLE afin d'améliorer ces processus, voir à l'optimisation de celui-ci. Comme la plupart des étudiants chinois se révèlent particulièrement difficiles en termes de développement des capacités d'écoute et de la conversation, ces deux aspects spécifiques de la PLE de l'enseignement-apprentissage sont l'objet principal sur lequel la mise au point de cette enquête. L'ouvrage est divisé en deux parties: la première, analytique et critique réflexive, il se compose du cadre théorique des questions; le second explore le potentiel des méthodes de collecte et de traitement des données empiriques, qui sont utilisés pour la conception et la rédaction du recueil Écoute et de langue portugaise, qui était le principal produit de la composante pratique de cette étude. Ce recueil a été conçu en conformité avec les lignes directrices émises par le CECR, tout en respectant les lignes directrices des programmes d'études universitaires chinois en ce qui concerne les disciplines consacrées au développement des compétences audio-orale. Les propositions éducatives qui y sont contenues sont des hypothèses de soutien sur la base des méthodes "communicative" et "l'apprentissage par les tâches", étant son desideratum finale contribuent à la réalisation des objectifs ou linguistique - par le développement de compétences en matière d'accueil et Production orale - soit la nature de motivation - à travers le renforcement de la confiance et de la stimulation de la coopération et le travail d'équipe, indispensable à la réussite de tout processus d'enseignement-apprentissage.
近年来,中国与葡语国家间的合作日渐增多,涉及政治、经济、文化、教育、 科技等多个领域,因此,对葡语人才的需求也日益增加。为了满足这些需求,自 2005 年起,中国高校葡语本科专业数量猛增,至今,在中国大陆已有20 余家高 校设有葡萄牙语专业。 本 篇博士论文以中国教育和中国的葡语教学历史为背景,探讨中国学生的 特点以及葡语教学的情况,试图为中国葡语教育的发展及优化做出贡献。中国学 生在葡语学习中表现出在听说能力方面的困难,怎样促进学生听说能力的发展是 本论文研究的重点。 本论文主要由两部分构成:第一部分从理论上解析、评论并反思上述提到的 问题;第二部分是实践部分,包括对教学法实践数据的采集,这些数据应用于本 论文最重要的实践成果《葡语视听说教程》的编写与出版。 这部教材的编写不仅参照了欧洲语言水平框架标准,还参考了中国各大学的 葡语教学大纲里关于学生听说能力的要求。本文以“交际法”和“任务法”为基 础提出教学建议,通过口语信息输入与输出的训练,使学生自然地习得语言;或 通过小组任务合作的方式,提高学生自主学习能力,这也是教学能否取得成功的 重要因素。 关键词:教育体系的构成;对外葡语教学;听说能力;对外葡语听力教学实践; 交际法;任务法。