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Journal articles on the topic 'Compressed CO2'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 7 February 2022

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1

Lavrenchenko, G. K., and B. H. Hrudka. "COMPRESSOR PUMP UNIT FOR CO2 LIQUIDATION AND SUPPLY IT FOR CARBAMIDE SYNTHESIS." Energy Technologies & Resource Saving, no. 3 (September 20, 2020): 41–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.33070/etars.3.2020.04.

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Carbon dioxide, as well as ammonia, are widely used in large-scale chemistry for the production of urea. Currently, the most common technology for producing carmabide is according to which liquid NH3 is pumped into the synthesis column by a pump at a pressure of 15 MPa, and gaseous CO2 is supplied by a compressor with the same pressure as ammonia. Gaseous CO2 is compressed in a multi-stage compressor to a pressure of 15 MPa before it enters the urea synthesis unit, in which it reacts with ammonia. The specific energy consumption for compressing carbon dioxide in a compressor unit is 0.13 kWh/kg. Reducing energy for producing CO2 and also urea can be achieved when it is possible to supply carbon dioxide in liquid form under a pressure of 15 MPa to the urea synthesis column. The analysis showed that to solve this problem it is necessary to implement two processes: compression to 1.8–3.0 MPa, and then cooling and liquefaction of gaseous CO2 due to the cold of liquid ammonia. Liquefied CO2 can then be pumped to the urea column. In order to introduce carbamide into production, a new carbon dioxide compressor and pumping unit has been created. The installation scheme for compressing CO2 to a pressure of 15 MPa and its subsequent supply to the production of urea is given. A cold liquid ammonia stream with an initial temperature of –30 °C is used as a source of cold in the installation. The performance and power consumption of the compressor unit depend on the compression pressure of CO2. After the CO2 is compressed to 1.8 MPa, it is possible to cool 2.3 t/h of carbon dioxide with cold liquid ammonia and then direct it to the synthesis of urea using a pump under a pressure of 15 MPa. The specific energy consumption in the installation will be 0.1 kWh/kg. When CO2 is compressed up to 3 MPa, the plant capacity is 8.78 t/h, and the unit costs are 0,108 kWh/kg. Urea production in this case may increase from 1400 to 1680 t/day. Ref. 5, Fig. 3, Tab. 3.

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2

Fusaro, Francesco, Johannes Kluge, Marco Mazzotti, and Gerhard Muhrer. "Compressed CO2 antisolvent precipitation of lysozyme." Journal of Supercritical Fluids 49, no. 1 (2009): 79–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.supflu.2008.12.005.

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3

Pham, Quoc Minh, Jae-Seong Kim, and Sunwook Kim. "Polyaniline nanofibers synthesized in compressed CO2." Synthetic Metals 160, no. 5-6 (2010): 394–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.synthmet.2009.11.015.

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4

Wang, Yong, Zhimin Liu, Buxing Han, et al. "Compressed-CO2-Assisted Patterning of Polymers." Journal of Physical Chemistry B 109, no. 25 (2005): 12376–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp050954h.

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5

Goodrum, John W., and Mary B. Kilgo. "Peanut oil extraction using compressed CO2." Energy in Agriculture 6, no. 3 (1987): 265–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-5826(87)90007-6.

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6

Zhang, Jianling, and Buxing Han. "Supercritical CO2-continuous microemulsions and compressed CO2-expanded reverse microemulsions." Journal of Supercritical Fluids 47, no. 3 (2009): 531–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.supflu.2008.08.014.

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7

Li, Wei, Jianling Zhang, Siqing Cheng, et al. "Enhanced Stabilization of Vesicles by Compressed CO2." Langmuir 25, no. 1 (2009): 196–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la8031545.

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8

Kian, Kourosh, and Aaron M. Scurto. "Viscosity of compressed CO2-saturated n-alkanes: CO2/n-hexane, CO2/n-decane, and CO2/n-tetradecane." Journal of Supercritical Fluids 133 (March 2018): 411–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.supflu.2017.10.030.

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9

Bharatwaj, B., and S. R. P. Rocha. "Interfacial phenomena at the compressed co2-water interface." Brazilian Journal of Chemical Engineering 23, no. 2 (2006): 183–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0104-66322006000200004.

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10

Ouchene, Rafik, Arnaud Erriguible, Stéphane Vincent, and Pascale Subra-Paternault. "Simulation of liquid solvent atomization in compressed CO2." Mechanics Research Communications 54 (December 2013): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mechrescom.2013.09.001.

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11

Shen, Dong, Buxing Han, Yu Dong, Weize Wu, Jiawei Chen, and Jiangling Zhang. "Enhanced Stabilization of Reverse Micelles by Compressed CO2." Chemistry - A European Journal 11, no. 4 (2005): 1228–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chem.200400562.

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12

Bolm, Carsten, Chiara Palazzi, Giancarlo Francio, and Walter Leitner. "ChemInform Abstract: Baeyer-Villiger Oxidation in Compressed CO2." ChemInform 33, no. 46 (2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.200246056.

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13

Li, Zhonghao, Tiancheng Mu, Tao Jiang, et al. "Tautomeric equilibrium of ethyl acetoacetate in compressed CO2+ethanol and CO2+methanol mixtures." Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy 60, no. 5 (2004): 1055–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1386-1425(03)00336-6.

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14

Ziger, David H. "In situ capacitance studies of thin polymer films during compressed fluid extraction." Journal of Materials Research 2, no. 6 (1987): 884–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1987.0884.

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Supercritical and compressed liquid CO2 extraction of thin solid organic films was studied using in situ capacitance monitoring. Parallel plate and fringe field capacitors were fabricated using organic films as principal dielectric media. Supercritical and compressed liquid CO2 extraction of these films at 100 bar and 30–45°C caused compositional and physical changes in the host polymer matrix that were correlated to capacitance history. As a result of these studies, film damage during extraction was attributed to explosive decompression of the CO2 solvent. In addition, a mechanism for supercritical fluid extraction of nonvolatile solutes from thin films, which is consistent with these capacitance measurements, is discussed.

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15

Tiraboshi, Ricardo Brianezi, André Luis Alonso Domingos, José Anastácio Dias Neto, et al. "Is CO2 gas unsufflator necessary for laparoscopic training in animals?" Acta Cirurgica Brasileira 18, suppl 5 (2003): 08–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-86502003001200004.

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OBJECTIVE: To verify the efficacy and safety of compressed air to produce pneumoperitoneum for laparoscopic surgery in pigs for a training program of residence. METHODS: Dalland pigs weighing 15-17kg underwent general anethesia and mechanical ventilation. They were divided in 3 groups: A - (38) the pneumoperitnoneum was established with an automatic CO2 insufflator, B - (7) as in A except the CO2 gas was changed by compressed air, and C - (11) abdomen insufflation was obtained with compressed air directly from hospital pipe network system. Intra-abdominal pressure in all groups was kept between 12 and 15 mmHg. The laparoscopic procedures performed were distributed proportionally among groups: 20 bilateral nephrectomy, 20 dismembered pyeloplasty and 16 partial nephrectomy. Arterial blood sampling for gasometry was obtained before and 2h after establishment of pneumoperitoneum in 5 pigs of group C. RESULTS: The cost of 25 4,5kg CO2 container used in group A was R$ 3,150.00 (U$ 1,050.00). The mean length time of surgeries in groups A, B and C were respectively: 181±30min, 196±39min e 210±47min (p>0.05). Respiratory alkalosis occurred in 3 out of 5 pigs of group C. No animal exhibited signs of gas embolism or died during surgery. CONCLUSION: The use of compressed air for laparoscopy in pigs was safe, reduced costs and did not require the use of an automatic gas insufflator.

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16

Zhang, Rui, Lixiao Liu, Yicun Wen, et al. "Phase Behaviours of Polybutadiene–Polyacrylic Acid Brushes in Compressed Carbon Dioxide." Australian Journal of Chemistry 68, no. 8 (2015): 1255. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch14579.

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Our present work investigated the phase behaviour of polybutadiene–poly acrylic acid (PB–PAA) brushes–solvent–CO2 ternary system in detail. The phase separation pressures increased with increasing temperatures and solid contents of PB–PAA solution, and decreased with increasing sizes of the brushes. Considering that the expansion of water was much smaller than that of ethanol by compressed CO2, a higher cloud point pressure of CO2 could be employed to reach the phase separation when water was added as the co-solvent. Owing to the penetration of CO2 into the periphery of the shell, the chains of the polymer brushes initially shrank and then turned to aggregations before finally precipitating upon CO2 addition. Our results provide a simple and effective way for separation and recovery of polymer brushes that could promote a wider range of their applications.

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17

Buiko, S. A., S. M. Kulikov, V. N. Novikov, and S. A. Sukharev. "Stimulated Brillouin scattering of CO2 radiation in compressed xenon." Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics 89, no. 6 (1999): 1051–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/1.559051.

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18

Behles, Jacqueline A., and Joseph M. DeSimone. "Developments in CO2 research." Pure and Applied Chemistry 73, no. 8 (2001): 1281–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac200173081281.

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CO2 can be a good solvent for many compounds when used in its compressed liquid or supercritical fluid state. Above its critical temperature and critical pressure (Tc = 31 C, Pc = 73.8 bar), CO2 has liquid-like densities and gas-like viscosities, which allows for safe commercial and laboratory operating conditions. Many small molecules are readily soluble in CO2, whereas most macromolecules are not. This has prompted development of several classes of small molecule and polymeric surfactants that enable emulsion and dispersion polymerizations as well as other technological processes.

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19

Rotaru, Silviu, Constantin Pana, Nicolae Negurescu, Alexandru Cernat, Dinu Fuiorescu, and Cristian Nikolaos Nuţu. "Effects of CNG quantity on combustion characteristics and emissions of a dual fuelled automotive diesel engine." E3S Web of Conferences 180 (2020): 01008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202018001008.

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The paper reveals some experimental aspects of compressed natural gas (CNG) use in dual fuel mode at an automotive diesel engine. Brake specific energetic consumption, incylinder pressure, emissions and variability of indicated mean effective pressure are analysed at operating regime of 2000 rpm and 40% load. Using CNG as an alternative fuel reduces brake specific energetic consumption by 50%, the CO2 emission by 10% and sets the in-cylinder maximum pressure 13 bar higher comparative to diesel fuel fuelling. The smoke and hydrocarbons emissions and the variability of indicated mean effective pressure are affected by the injection of compressed natural gas into intake manifold: HC emission grows 24 times, the smoke number and the coefficient of variability of IMEP double their values. The use of compressed natural gas at an automotive diesel engine improves its energetic performances and combustion process, having positive effects on CO2 emission and fuel consumption.

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20

Abuheiba, Ahmad, Moonis R. Ally, Brennan Smith, and Ayyoub Momen. "Increasing Compressed Gas Energy Storage Density Using CO2–N2 Gas Mixture." Energies 13, no. 10 (2020): 2431. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13102431.

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This paper demonstrates a new method by which the energy storage density of compressed air systems is increased by 56.8% by changing the composition of the compressed gas to include a condensable component. A higher storage density of 7.33 MJ/m3 is possible using a mixture of 88% CO2 and 12% N2 compared to 4.67 MJ/m3 using pure N2. This ratio of gases representing an optimum mixture was determined through computer simulations that considered a variety of different proportions from pure CO2 to pure N2. The computer simulations are based on a thermodynamic equilibrium model that predicts the mixture composition as a function of volume and pressure under progressive compression to ultimately identify the optimal mixture composition (88% CO2 + 12% N2). The model and simulations predict that the optimal gas mixture attains a higher energy storage density than using either of the pure gases.

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21

Choi, Won Mook, Min Young Song, and O. Ok Park. "Compressed-carbon dioxide (CO2) assisted nanoimprint lithography using polymeric mold." Microelectronic Engineering 83, no. 10 (2006): 1957–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mee.2006.02.003.

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22

André, Pascal, Patrick Lacroix-Desmazes, Darlene K. Taylor, and Bernard Boutevin. "Solubility of fluorinated homopolymer and block copolymer in compressed CO2." Journal of Supercritical Fluids 37, no. 2 (2006): 263–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.supflu.2005.08.007.

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23

Zhang, Xifeng, Qiang Sui, Buxing Han, Haike Yan, and Yanqiao Wang. "Tautomerism of an indoline spiropyran in compressed CO2-ethanol mixtures." Journal of Supercritical Fluids 17, no. 2 (2000): 171–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0896-8446(99)00053-4.

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24

Vega-González, Arlette, Philippe Marteau, and Pascale Subra-Paternault. "Monitoring a crystallization induced by compressed CO2 with Raman spectroscopy." AIChE Journal 52, no. 4 (2006): 1308–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.10740.

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25

Sun, Xiaofu, Zhimin Xue, and Tiancheng Mu. "Precipitation of chitosan from ionic liquid solution by the compressed CO2 anti-solvent method." Green Chem. 16, no. 4 (2014): 2102–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3gc42166j.

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26

Zhou, Dewen, Rhiannon P. Kuchel, Siming Dong, Frank P. Lucien, Sébastien Perrier, and Per B. Zetterlund. "Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly under Compressed CO2 : Control of Morphology Using a CO2 -Responsive MacroRAFT Agent." Macromolecular Rapid Communications 40, no. 2 (2018): 1800335. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/marc.201800335.

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27

Debs-Louka, E., N. Louka, G. Abraham, V. Chabot, and K. Allaf. "Effect of Compressed Carbon Dioxide on Microbial Cell Viability." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 65, no. 2 (1999): 626–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.65.2.626-631.1999.

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ABSTRACT In order to study the influence of compressed carbon dioxide, over a range of pressures (1.5 to 5.5 MPa) and exposure times (up to 7 h), on the survival of Escherichia coli,Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Enterococcus faecalis, a new pressurizable reactor system was conceived. Microbial cells were inoculated onto a solid hydrophilic medium and treated at room temperature; their sensitivities to inactivation varied greatly. The CO2 treatment had an enhanced efficiency in cell destruction when the pressure and the duration of exposure were increased. The effects of these parameters on the loss of viability was also studied by response-surface methodology. This study showed that a linear correlation exists between microbial inactivation and CO2 pressure and exposure time, and in it models were proposed which were adequate to predict the experimental values. The end point acidity was measured for all the samples in order to understand the mechanism of microbial inactivation. The pHs of the treated samples did not vary, regardless of the experimental conditions. Other parameters, such as water content and pressure release time, were also investigated.

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28

Zhang, F., W. B. Nader, A. Zoughaib, and X. Luo. "Well-to-Wheel analysis of natural gas for hybrid electric truck application." E3S Web of Conferences 266 (2021): 04011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202126604011.

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Compressed natural gas as an alternative fuel obviously has a great potential to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions. Although several studies on the life cycle are quite comprehensive for passenger vehicles, it is problematic to apply these results to heavy-duty electric hybrid trucks. This paper describes the Well-to-Wheel methodology for environmental impact from the gas production to its final application. The CO2 equivalent emissions and the methane leakage point will be identified at the end. The results indicate that compressed natural gas-based trucks have 18.7% less CO2 equivalent emissions than diesel-based ones. However, this benefit may be affected by methane leakage, particularly, in the recovery phase. Reducing methane emissions upstream could be an opportunity to optimize the pollution performance of heavy hybrid electric trucks.

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29

Huang, Xin, Mengnan Zhang, Meijin Wang, et al. "Gold/Periodic Mesoporous Organosilicas with Controllable Mesostructure by Using Compressed CO2." Langmuir 34, no. 12 (2018): 3642–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b04020.

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30

Tarafa, Pedro J., Aidaris Jiménez, Jian Zhang, and Michael A. Matthews. "Compressed carbon dioxide (CO2) for decontamination of biomaterials and tissue scaffolds." Journal of Supercritical Fluids 53, no. 1-3 (2010): 192–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.supflu.2010.02.006.

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31

Zhang, Jianling, and Buxing Han. "Supercritical or Compressed CO2 as a Stimulus for Tuning Surfactant Aggregations." Accounts of Chemical Research 46, no. 2 (2012): 425–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ar300194j.

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32

Gaspar, F., G. A. Leeke, B. Al-Duri, and R. Santos. "Modelling the disruption of essential oils glandular trichomes with compressed CO2." Journal of Supercritical Fluids 25, no. 3 (2003): 233–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0896-8446(02)00148-1.

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33

Shieh, Yeong-Tarng, and Yen-Gu Lin. "Induced crystallization of EVA having various VA contents by compressed CO2." Journal of Applied Polymer Science 87, no. 7 (2002): 1144–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.11575.

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34

Li, Wei, Jianling Zhang, Yueju Zhao, et al. "Reversible Switching of a Micelle-to-Vesicle Transition by Compressed CO2." Chemistry - A European Journal 16, no. 4 (2010): 1296–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chem.200902465.

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35

Gaspar, Filipe, Tiejun Lu, Ray Marriott, et al. "Solubility of Echium, Borage, and Lunaria Seed Oils in Compressed CO2." Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data 48, no. 1 (2003): 107–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/je020121+.

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36

Chatterjee, Maya, Abhijit Chatterjee, Takayuki Ishizaka, and Hajime Kawanami. "Defining Pt-compressed CO2 synergy for selectivity control of furfural hydrogenation." RSC Advances 8, no. 36 (2018): 20190–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ra03719a.

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37

Smorodin, Anatoliy I., and Artur I. Gimadeev. "Optimization of a compressed gaseous CO2 energy recovery dry ice pelletizer." MATEC Web of Conferences 324 (2020): 02008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202032402008.

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The disadvantages of the existing dry ice electromechanical pelletizers have been revealed. A schematic flow diagram of the new dry ice energy recovery pelletizer and a carbon dioxide TS diagram with the processes of the new pelletizer have been presented. The functions of the diameter of the piston expander of the new dry ice pelletizer and dry ice pressing pressure depending on the pressure of compressed gaseous CO2 have been derived. The optimal diameters of a piston expander for the dry ice pelletizer have been determined.

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38

Subra-Paternault, P., C. Roy, D. Vrel, A. Vega-Gonzalez, and C. Domingo. "Solvent effect on tolbutamide crystallization induced by compressed CO2 as antisolvent." Journal of Crystal Growth 309, no. 1 (2007): 76–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2007.09.010.

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39

Lyu, Jiaxun, Dongdong Hu, Tao Liu, and Ling Zhao. "Non-isothermal kinetics of epoxy resin curing reaction under compressed CO2." Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 131, no. 2 (2017): 1499–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10973-017-6574-z.

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40

Zhang, Jianling, Zhimin Liu, Buxing Han, Zhonghao Li, Donghai Sun, and Jing Chen. "Ultrasound-induced formation of polymer capsules by precipitation with compressed CO2." European Polymer Journal 40, no. 7 (2004): 1349–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2004.02.020.

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41

Shen, Danping, Wei Li, Shengjie Xu, and Peiyi Wu. "Fabrication of BaCO3 sheaves tailored by carboxymethyl cellulose under compressed CO2." Journal of Crystal Growth 353, no. 1 (2012): 101–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2012.05.019.

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42

Battista, Sara, Mariana Köber, Guillem Vargas-Nadal, Jaume Veciana, Luisa Giansanti, and Nora Ventosa. "Homogeneous and stable (+)-usnic acid loaded liposomes prepared by compressed CO2." Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 624 (September 2021): 126749. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.126749.

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43

Zhang, Rui, Zhenchuan Yu, Yu Cang, et al. "Highly selective separation of dyes using compressed CO2 and spherical polyelectrolyte brushes." RSC Advances 6, no. 48 (2016): 42693–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra25876f.

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The process of PS-PAA brush adsorbs dyes selectively and separates the aggregation assisted by the compressed CO<sub>2</sub>. With the help of NaCl solution, PS-PAA is regenerated and retains high adsorption capacity even after five times.

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44

Kammuang-lue, Niti, and Matas Bhudtiyatanee. "CO2 concentration from turbocharged common rail diesel engine dually fueled with compressed biomethane gas controlled at optimum ratio." MATEC Web of Conferences 192 (2018): 02013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201819202013.

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The objectives of this study are to investigate the carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration from the compressed biomethane gas (CBG) and diesel dual-fueled diesel engine and to compare the CO2 concentration produced from the dual-fueled and the diesel-fueled engines. The duration of CBG injection was controlled by following the optimum ratio of the CBG obtained from the previous study. During the test, the engine speed was varied from 1,000 to 4,000 rpm and the engine torque was maintained to be 25, 50, 75 and 100% of the maximum engine torque. Experiment was divided into two parts consisting of the dual-fueled and the diesel-fueled modes. From the dual-fueled mode, when the engine speed increased, the CO2 concentration decreased. Because the optimum ratio of the CBG and the volumetric efficiency decrease during the high engine speed range, the proportion of the diesel increases, the incomplete combustion occurs. The unburned carbon oxidizes to be the CO in higher proportion than the CO2, thus, the CO2 consequently decreases. From the CO2 comparison, the dual-fuel mode produced the CO2 nearly the same as that of the diesel-fuel mode during the low engine torque. On contrary, the dual-fuel mode had higher CO2 concentration during the high engine torque.

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45

Gaspar, F., R. Santos, and M. B. King. "Disruption of glandular trichomes with compressed CO2: alternative matrix pre-treatment for CO2 extraction of essential oils." Journal of Supercritical Fluids 21, no. 1 (2001): 11–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0896-8446(01)00073-0.

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46

Wang, Cheng, Mengnan Zhang, Wei Li, et al. "Investigation on the function of nonionic surfactants during compressed CO2-mediated periodic mesoporous organosilica formation." Soft Matter 13, no. 34 (2017): 5704–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7sm01134b.

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47

Yu, Wen, Jian-Hao Huang, and Chung-Sung Tan. "Purification of Polybutylene Terephthalate by Oligomer Removal Using a Compressed CO2 Antisolvent." Polymers 11, no. 7 (2019): 1230. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11071230.

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In this study, the cyclic oligomers in the highly chemically resistant polyester polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) were effectively removed using a compressed CO2 antisolvent technique in which 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanol (HFIP) was used as the solvent. In addition to the oligomers, tetrahydrofuran was completely removed because of its low molecular weight and liquid state. The effects of the operating variables, including temperature, pressure, and the PBT concentration in HFIP, on the degree of removal of the oligomers were systematically studied using experimental design and the response surface methodology. The most appropriate operating conditions for the purification of PBT were 8.3 MPa and 23.4 °C when using 4.5 wt % PBT in HFIP. Under these conditions, the cyclic trimers and dimers could be removed by up to 81.4% and 95.7%, respectively, in a very short operating time.

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48

Minozzo, M., A. Popiolski, V. Dal Prá, et al. "Modeling of the overal kinetic extraction from Maytenus aquifolia using compressed CO2." Brazilian Journal of Chemical Engineering 29, no. 4 (2012): 835–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0104-66322012000400014.

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49

Castellanos, Luis Marcos, Hernan Hernandez-Herrera, Jorge I. Silva-Ortega, Vicente Leonel Martínez Diaz, and Zaid García Sanchez. "POTENTIAL ENERGY SAVINGS AND CO2 EMISSIONS REDUCTION IN COLOMBIA COMPRESSED AIR SYSTEMS." International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy 9, no. 6 (2019): 71–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.32479/ijeep.8084.

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50

Varma-Nair, Manika, Paul Y. Handa, Aspy K. Mehta, and Pawan Agarwal. "Effect of compressed CO2 on crystallization and melting behavior of isotactic polypropylene." Thermochimica Acta 396, no. 1-2 (2003): 57–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0040-6031(02)00516-6.

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