Journal articles: 'Compression modulus'

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Lu, Jie Qun, Yuan Tian, Jia Geng Chen, et al. "Experimental Study on CFRP-PVC Confined RAC under Axial Compression." Solid State Phenomena 294 (July 2019): 143–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.294.143.

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Compared with natural aggregate concrete (NAC), the cylinder compressive strength and elastic modulus of Recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) are decreased, but the brittleness is increased. The axial compression performance of RAC can be improved by external confinement. In this paper, the effects of Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipe confinement and composite confinement of PVC pipe and Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) on the axial compression performance of RAC were investigated. The results showed that with the increase of the replacement rate of recycled coarse aggregate, the cylinder compressive strength, peak strain and elastic modulus of RAC were decreased; PVC pipe confinement could significantly improve the cylinder compressive strength, peak strain and elastic modulus of RAC; the CFRP could further improve the cylinder compressive strength and elastic modulus of PVC-RAC to a certain extent, and could significantly enhance the peak strain of PVC-RAC. PVC pipe and CFRP-PVC pipe confinement could improve the axial compression performance of RAC more effectively than NAC. Consequently, PVC pipe and CFRP-PVC pipe confinement could reduce the influence of recycled aggregate (RA) quality on variability of RAC axial compression performance.

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SELYAEV, V. P., L. I. KUPRIYASHKINA, E. L. KECHUTKINA, N. N. KISELEV, and O. V. LIYASKIN. "Mechanical Characteristics of Vacuum Thermal Insulation Panels: Deformation Diagrams, Strength, Deformation Modules." Stroitel'nye Materialy 785, no. 10 (2020): 44–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.31659/0585-430x-2020-785-10-44-51.

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The results of studying the mechanical properties of vacuum insulation panels are presented. The compressive strength and deformation modules (elastic and secant) under compression and shear are determined. The dependence of the mechanical characteristics of vacuum insulation panels (VIP) on the type and quantitative ratio of fillers is shown. It is established that the diagram of deformation of the VIP under compression can be described by an analytical function. Experimental studies of the properties of VIP have established that the deformation diagram of VIP has the form characteristic for materials that self-strengthen during loading with a compressive load and is adequately described by the function of G. V. Bulfinger. A method is proposed for determining the coefficients α and β that makes it possible to verify the approximating function using experimental data. Polynomial models describing the dependence of the elastic modulus, strength, and thermal conductivity coefficient on the composition and quantitative ratio of fiber and powder fillers are developed. It is established that the numerical values of the strain modulus depend on the type, amount of powder filler, and their ratio to the fibrous filler. The values of strain and strength models increase with increasing content and size of filler particles. A method for determining the shear modulus for VIP has been developed. It has been experimentally established that the value of the shear modulus for VIP depends on both the filler composition and the characteristics of the panel film shell. Keywords: vacuum insulation panel, diatomite, silica fume, thermal conductivity, strength, compression, shear, modulus of deformation.

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Chen, Li Shun, Xiao Chen, Jian Tong Xu, and Zhong Yang. "Research on Alkali-Activator and its Effects on Mechanical Properties of Slag-Based Geopolymer at early Age." Applied Mechanics and Materials 556-562 (May 2014): 399–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.556-562.399.

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This report studied the influence of effects such as type, modulus, dosage of the alkali-activator on mechanical properties of slag-based geopolymer. The analyzing results indicate that compare to the Na2SiO3, K2SiO3has significant activate effects on slag-based geopolymer. The modulus and dosage have obvious significance on early compression strength of slag-based geopolymer. With the increase of modulus, its early compression strength has apparent increase. With the increase of dosage, its early compression strength increase firstly and then decrease. When the dosage is 12%, the compression strength of the material is highest. The change of modulus and dosage of the alkali-activator has little influence on flexural strength of slag-based geopolymer. With the increase of dosage, its ratio of flexural to compressive strength has a downward trend. And the material brittleness addition.

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Saud, Abdullah F., Hakim S. Abdelgader, and Ali S. El-Baden. "Compressive and Tensile Strength of Two-Stage Concrete." Advanced Materials Research 893 (February 2014): 585–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.893.585.

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An experimental investigation was conducted to evaluate the compressive, tensile strength and modulus of elasticity of two-stage concrete (TSC) at different water-to-cement ratios. The primary objectives were to measure the elastic modulus, compressive strength and splitting tensile strength of TSC and to determine if there is a quantifiable relationship between compressive and tensile strength. Behavior of TSC in compression has been well documented, but there are little published data on its behavior in tension and modulus of elasticity. This paper presents the experimental results of preplaced, crushed granite aggregate concreted with five different mortar mixture proportions. A total of 48 concrete cylinders were tested in unconfined compression modulus of elasticity and splitting tension at 28 and 90 days. It was found that the modulus of elasticity and splitting tensile strength of two-stage concrete is equivalent or higher than that of conventional concrete at the same compressive strength. Splitting tensile strength can be conservatively estimated using the ACI equation for conventional concrete.

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Koo, W. K. "Compression modulus of a nucleus." Journal of Physics G: Nuclear Physics 12, no. 12 (1986): 1443. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0305-4616/12/12/556.

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Koo, W. K. "Compression modulus of a nucleus." Journal of Physics G: Nuclear Physics 12, no. 9 (1986): L197—L199. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0305-4616/12/9/001.

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Zhi, Chao, and Hai Ru Long. "Investigation on Compression Properties of Syntactic Foam Reinforced by Warp Knitted Spacer Fabric." Advanced Materials Research 1095 (March 2015): 531–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1095.531.

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The study aimed to investigate the compression behaviors of syntactic foam reinforced by warp knitted spacer fabric (SF-WKSF). Two kinds of SF-WKSF samples were prepared with warp knitted spacer fabric (WKSF) of different surface layer structures. The compression tests were carried out by MTS 810 material test system and the compression properties of SF-WKSF were analyzed based on its compressive stress–strain curves and modulus values obtained from test results. It is indicated that the surface layer structure of WKSF has significant effects on the compression performance of SF-WKSF, the SF-WKSF made with denser surface layer structure shows higher compressive modulus and yield strength compared to neat syntactic foam (NSF).

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Yang, Shuai, and Wenbai Liu. "The Effect of Changing Fly Ash Content on the Modulus of Compression of Stabilized Soil." Materials 12, no. 18 (2019): 2925. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12182925.

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Adding a curing agent can enhance the mechanical properties of soil including its compressive strength. However, few studies have quantitatively analyzed the compressive strength and microstructure of soils to explore the impact of changes in the microstructure on compressive strength. In addition, the cost of curing agents is too high to be widely used. In this study, curing agents with different proportions of fly ash were added to dredger fill to reduce the amount of curing agents needed. The quantitative analysis of the relationships between the modulus of compression Es and microstructures of stabilized soil samples is presented. The modulus of compression Es was gauged from compression tests. Microscopic images acquired using a scanning electron microscope were processed using the Image-Pro Plus (IPP) image processing software. The microscopic parameters, obtained using IPP, included the average equivalent particle size Dp, the average equivalent aperture size Db, and the plane pore ratio e. This research demonstrated that the fly ash added to the curing agent achieved the same effect as the curing agent, and the amount of curing agent required was reduced. Therefore, the modulus of compression for stabilized soil can be improved. This is due to the hydration products (i.e., calcium silicate hydrate, calcium hydroxide, and ettringite), produced by the hydration reaction, and which adhere to the surface of the particles and fill the spaces among them. Thus, the change in the pore structure and the compactness of the particles helps to increase the modulus of compression. In addition, there was a good linear relationship between the modulus of compression and the microscopic parameters. Using the mathematical relationships between the macroscopic and microscopic parameters, correlations can be built for macro–microscopic research.

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Feng, Yan Feng, Tian Hong Yang, Hua Wei, Hua Guo Gao, and Zhe Zhang. "Research of Inclination Angle Effect on Joint Rock Macromechanical Parameters." Materials Science Forum 704-705 (December 2011): 1089–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.704-705.1089.

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The joint of rock mass influences and controls the rock mass intensity, deformation characteristics and instability failure in the rock engineering to a great extent. Using the similar material simulation is of different inclination angle of non-penetration jointing and non-jointing rock mass, through using rigid servo compression machine to carry uniaxial compression test, we get a nearly same trend of joint rock mass stress-strain curve of different angle, the curve of inclination angle of 45 is analyzed, the test result shows that the compressive strength first decreases and then increases gradually with the increase of rock inclination angle. The compression intensity is its minimum when of the inclination angle of 45°, and the deformation modulus first decreases and then increases, but deformation modulus of 30° is its minimum. In addition, through the use of developed RFPA2D system to simulate on trial uniaxial compression value based on microscopic damage mechanics, we get the conclusion that the numerical analysis and test result is fitting approximately, it is validated that the numerical model can simulate joint rock well. Keywords: joint rock mass, inclination angle, uniaxial compression, compressive intensity, deformation modulus

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Park, Seonghun, and Gerard A. Ateshian. "Dynamic Response of Immature Bovine Articular Cartilage in Tension and Compression, and Nonlinear Viscoelastic Modeling of the Tensile Response." Journal of Biomechanical Engineering 128, no. 4 (2006): 623–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2206201.

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Very limited information is currently available on the constitutive modeling of the tensile response of articular cartilage and its dynamic modulus at various loading frequencies. The objectives of this study were to (1) formulate and experimentally validate a constitutive model for the intrinsic viscoelasticity of cartilage in tension, (2) confirm the hypothesis that energy dissipation in tension is less than in compression at various loading frequencies, and (3) test the hypothesis that the dynamic modulus of cartilage in unconfined compression is dependent upon the dynamic tensile modulus. Experiment 1: Immature bovine articular cartilage samples were tested in tensile stress relaxation and cyclical loading. A proposed reduced relaxation function was fitted to the stress-relaxation response and the resulting material coefficients were used to predict the response to cyclical loading. Adjoining tissue samples were tested in unconfined compression stress relaxation and cyclical loading. Experiment 2: Tensile stress relaxation experiments were performed at varying strains to explore the strain-dependence of the viscoelastic response. The proposed relaxation function successfully fit the experimental tensile stress-relaxation response, with R2=0.970±0.019 at 1% strain and R2=0.992±0.007 at 2% strain. The predicted cyclical response agreed well with experimental measurements, particularly for the dynamic modulus at various frequencies. The relaxation function, measured from 2% to 10% strain, was found to be strain dependent, indicating that cartilage is nonlinearly viscoelastic in tension. Under dynamic loading, the tensile modulus at 10Hz was ∼2.3 times the value of the equilibrium modulus. In contrast, the dynamic stiffening ratio in unconfined compression was ∼24. The energy dissipation in tension was found to be significantly smaller than in compression (dynamic phase angle of 16.7±7.4deg versus 53.5±12.8deg at 10−3Hz). A very strong linear correlation was observed between the dynamic tensile and dynamic compressive moduli at various frequencies (R2=0.908±0.100). The tensile response of cartilage is nonlinearly viscoelastic, with the relaxation response varying with strain. A proposed constitutive relation for the tensile response was successfully validated. The frequency response of the tensile modulus of cartilage was reported for the first time. Results emphasize that fluid-flow dependent viscoelasticity dominates the compressive response of cartilage, whereas intrinsic solid matrix viscoelasticity dominates the tensile response. Yet the dynamic compressive modulus of cartilage is critically dependent upon elevated values of the dynamic tensile modulus.

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Zhao, Hui-Ling, and Zhi-Ming Ye. "ICCM2015: Study on Elastic Matrix Model of the Bi-modulus Finite Element Numerical Method." International Journal of Computational Methods 13, no. 04 (2016): 1641019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021987621641019x.

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Bi-modulus materials exhibit the different modulus in tension and compression. The value of elastic modulus and Poisson ratio of every point in the bi-modulus elastic body not only depend on the material itself, but also the stress state and the strain state of the point. The uncertainty and nonlinearity of the elastic constitutive relation result in that the bi-modulus elastic problem is the complicated nonlinear problem This paper aims at studying the bi-modulus elastic constitutive equation employed in the bi-modulus finite element numerical method (FEM). The new elastic matrix model is proposed based on Ye’s principal strain criterion with the assumption that the Poisson ratio maintain constant whenever in tension or in compression, and the elastic matrix is symmetric by equivalent transmitting. The shear modulus expression of this elastic matrix model is derived to enable the elastic matrix completely and improve the convergence of the FEM calculation. The statically indeterminate bi-modulus beam is analyzed by means of FEM employing the proposed elastic matrix model. The effects of the tensile modulus to compressive modulus ratio and the boundary condition on the stress and deflection of the bi-modulus beam is studied.

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ADACHI, Hiromasa, and Teruo HASEGAWA. "Compression Modulus of Flexible Polyurethane Foams." KOBUNSHI RONBUNSHU 58, no. 5 (2001): 240–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1295/koron.58.240.

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13

Brown, G. E., and E. Osnes. "The compression modulus of nuclear matter." Physics Letters B 159, no. 4-6 (1985): 223–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0370-2693(85)90239-4.

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Beckrich, P., G. Weick, C. M. Marques, and T. Charitat. "Compression modulus of macroscopic fiber bundles." Europhysics Letters (EPL) 64, no. 5 (2003): 647–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1209/epl/i2003-00614-6.

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Jassim, Firas A. "Five Modulus Method for Image Compression." Signal & Image Processing : An International Journal 3, no. 5 (2012): 19–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5121/sipij.2012.3502.

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Sultanov, Karim, Pavel Loginov, Sabida Ismoilova, and Zulfiya Salikhova. "Variable moduli of soil strain." E3S Web of Conferences 97 (2019): 04013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20199704013.

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The experimental diagrams between stress and strain components for soft soils are non-linear. Nonlinear diagrams qualitatively differ for soils of undisturbed and disturbed structures. It is believed that the manifestations of nonlinear properties of soil are associated with micro-destruction of soil structure under compression and, therefore, with changes in its mechanical characteristics under strain. It follows that the modulus of elasticity, Poisson’s ratio, viscosity and other mechanical parameters are the variables in the process of soil strain. Based on this, from the experimental results given in scientific literature, the changes in the modulus of elasticity and plasticity of soil are determined depending on the values of compression strain. In the process of static and dynamic compression of soil it is almost impossible to determine the boundaries of elastic and plastic strains in soft soil. So, the modulus under soil compression is called the strain modulus. From published results of experiments on dynamic and static compression of soil the most informative ones have been selected. Processing the selected compression diagrams of soft soil, the secant moduli of strain for loess soil and clay have been determined. It is established that the moduli of strain of clay and loess soil under static and dynamic strain vary depending on the rate of strain, the state of the structure and the level of compressive load.

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Zhi, Chao, Mingjuan Du, Zhaoling Sun, et al. "Warp-Knitted Spacer Fabric Reinforced Syntactic Foam: A Compression Modulus Meso-Mechanics Theoretical Model and Experimental Verification." Polymers 12, no. 2 (2020): 286. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12020286.

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In this study, a new type ternary composite, called warp-knitted spacer fabric reinforced syntactic foam (WKSF-SF), with the advantages of high mechanical properties and a lower density, was proposed. Then, a meso-mechanics theoretical model based on the Eshelby–Mori–Tanaka equivalent inclusion method, average stress method and composite hybrid theory was established to predict the compression modulus of WKSF-SF. In order to verify the validity of this model, compression modulus values of theoretical simulations were compared with the quasi-static compression experiment results. The results showed that the addition of suitable WKSF produces at least 15% improvement in the compressive modulus of WKSF-SF compared with neat syntactic foam (NSF). Meanwhile, the theoretical model can effectively simulate the values and variation tendency of the compression modulus for different WKSF-SF samples, and is especially suitable for the samples with smaller wall thickness or a moderate volume fraction of microballoons (the deviations is less than 5%). The study of the meso-mechanical properties of WKSF-SF will help to increase understanding of the compression properties of this new type composite deeply. It is expected that WKSF-SF can be used in aerospace, marine, transportation, construction, and other fields.

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Gonçalves, Raquel, Milton Giacon Júnior, and Igor M. Lopes. "Determining the concrete stiffness matrix through ultrasonic testing." Engenharia Agrícola 31, no. 3 (2011): 427–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-69162011000300003.

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The determination of the modulus tangent (Eci ) and of the modulus secant (Ecs) of the concrete can be done using compression test but, to be simpler, it is used relations with characteristic strength (f ck). Relations are also used to determine the transversal modulus (Gc) and, in the case of the Poisson's ratio (ν), a fixed value 0.20 is established. The objective of this research was to evaluate the use of the ultrasonic propagation waves to determine these properties. For the tests were used specimens with f ck varying from 10 to 35 MPa. For the ultrasonic tests were used cylindrical and cubic specimens. The modulus of deformation obtained by ultrasound was statistically equivalent to the obtained by compression tests. The results of modules obtained using the relations with f ck was far away from those obtained by ultrasound or by compression tests. The Poisson's ratio obtained by ultrasound was superior to the fixed value. We can conclude that the concrete characterization by ultrasound is consistent and, to this characterization the cylindrical specimen, normally used to determine f ck, can be used.

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Xu, Minjun, Xiaochuan Chen, Jun Wang, and Yong Li. "Finite element analysis modeling research on the compression process of cotton fiber assembly." Textile Research Journal 90, no. 11-12 (2019): 1414–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517519886558.

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In order to analyze the compressive stress state of a cotton fiber assembly in the compression process, a new cotton fiber assembly model, the tetrakaidecahedral porous cotton fiber assembly model, is presented based on the idea of three-dimensional open-cell foam material modeling. Based on the model, the compression process of cotton fiber assembly is analyzed using the finite element method. The change in the compressive stress of the cotton fiber assembly in the compression process is successfully described. The measurement method of compressive modulus of the cotton fiber assembly is also studied, and the relation between compressive modulus and relative density of the cotton fiber assembly is determined. Finally, the effect of different moisture regain on compressive stress of the cotton fiber assembly is analyzed, and the reference value of moisture regain in the cotton baling process is given. The results show that the simulation results are consistent with the actual situation. Therefore, the established model of cotton fiber assembly has validity.

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Yang, Xue Chun, and Ju Ying Luo. "Research on Compression and Bending Resistance Characteristics of Logs." Advanced Materials Research 413 (December 2011): 117–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.413.117.

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The testing experiments to healthy poplar and larch logs samplings were conducted by using hydraulic machine. The relationships among compression and bending strength, modulus of elasticity in compression and bending were studied in the two logs samplings. The results indicated that, in the both species, the compression strength had certain linear correlation with bending strength, and so did the modulus of elasticity in compression and bending. Meanwhile there were remarkable linear correlations with the compression strength and the modulus of elasticity in compression as well as the bending strength and the modulus of elasticity in bending.

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Mantilla, J. N. R., Diego N. Miranda, Jamile Salim Fuina, and E. V. M. Carrasco. "Mechanical Characteristics of Pavers with Iron Ore Tailings." Applied Mechanics and Materials 864 (April 2017): 330–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.864.330.

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The objective of this study is to evaluate experimentally the mechanical compressive strength and static modulus of elasticity of concrete pavers for floors made with iron ore tailings as aggregate concrete. Pavers were manufactured with four different concrete mixtures (cement, natural sand, industrial sand, iron ore tailings, crushed stone), and performed simple compression tests to determine the compressive strength and modulus of elasticity. The pavers manufactured with those concrete mixtures showed greater strength specified by the Brazilian standard. It was possible to find a correlation between modulus of elasticity and compressive strength.

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Xia, Jian Zhong, Zhan You Luo, Wei Tang Wang, and Wei Liu. "Unified Solution of Expansion of Cylindrical Cavity of Elastic-Brittle-Plastic Strain-Softening Materials with Different Elastic Modulus in Tensile and Compression." Key Engineering Materials 324-325 (November 2006): 823–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.324-325.823.

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For strain-softening materials with different elastic modulus of tensile compression, two controlling parameters were introduced to take into account the different modulus and strainsoftening properties. By means of twin shear unified strength theory, unified solutions calculating stress and displacement fields of expansion of cylindrical cavity were derived. The effects caused by different elastic modulus in tensile and compression, different models and strain-softening rates on stress and displacement fields, development of plastic zone were analyzed. The results show the ultimate expansion pressure, stress and displacement fields and development of plastic zone vary with the changes of different elastic modular, different models and strain-softening properties.

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Xu, Xian Hai, Ya Peng Zhang, Zhi Fei Zhang, and Ju Jun Zhang. "Experimental Study on the Compression Rebound Modulus of Coal Gangue Mixture." Advanced Materials Research 608-609 (December 2012): 1759–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.608-609.1759.

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This experiment was designed by making a coal gangue with coal gangue, fly ash, lime power and a small amount of cement mixture selected from Dongpang coal mine in Hanxing area.We tested the compressive rebound modulus strength of the mixture, and according to the method of uniform design, 8 groups mix ratio were designed and the experiments on the coal gangue mixture in various mix proportion have been conducted. The experimental results were analyzed by regression analysis model, and the regression equation between the compression rebound modulus of coal gangue mixture and the blending amount of each admixture was established. Finally, using this regression analysis model, the influence of the fly ash, calces, cement to strength on the compression rebound modulus of coal gangue mixture was analyzed.

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Gindl, W. "Comparing Mechanical Properties of Normal and Compression Wood in Norway Spruce: The Role of Lignin in Compression Parallel to the Grain." Holzforschung 56, no. 4 (2002): 395–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hf.2002.062.

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Summary Cell-wall lignin content and composition, as well as microfibril angle of normal and compression wood samples were determined prior to mechanical testing in compression parallel to the grain. No effect of increased lignin content on the Young's modulus in compression wood was discernible because of the dominating influence of microfibril angle. In contrast, compressive strength of compression wood was not negatively affected by the high microfibril angle. It is proposed that the observed high lignification in compression wood increases the resistance of the cell walls to compression failure. An increased percentage of p-hydroxyphenylpropane units observed in compression wood lignin may also contribute to the comparably high compressive strength of compression wood.

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Jeżo, Aleksandra, and Grzegorz Kowaluk. "Compression strength and other mechanical properties of particleboards induced by density." Annals of WULS, Forestry and Wood Technology 110 (June 30, 2020): 79–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.4413.

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Compression strength and other mechanical properties of particleboards induced by density. The aim of the paper was to investigate the contractual compression strength and modulus of elasticity under compression of six types of commercially available particleboards of various thickness, density and surface finish. The basic mechanical and physical characteristics of the tested panels (modulus of elasticity and modulus of rupture during bending, density and density profile) were also performed. The studies showed that the compression strength raises linearly with panels’ density raise, and the modulus of elasticity under compression is linearly opposite, depending on the panels’ density.

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Wang, Min, C. L. Au, P. K. Lai, and William Bonfield. "Tensile and Compressive Behaviours and Properties of a Bone Analogue Biomaterial." Key Engineering Materials 284-286 (April 2005): 693–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.284-286.693.

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For the purpose of mimicking the structure and matching mechanical properties of human cortical bone, a natural composite material, hydroxyapatite (HA) reinforced high density polyethylene (HDPE) has been developed as a bioactive, analogue material for bone replacement. This synthetic composite material is now in clinical use. To understand the deformation behaviour and determine mechanical properties of HA/HDPE composite under different loading modes and loading conditions, tensile and compression tests were performed in the current investigation. It was observed that under tension, HA/HDPE composite exhibited two types of deformation behaviour: ductile and brittle. Under compression, the composite deformed in a ductile manner and did not fracture at high compressive strains. It was found that an increase in HA content resulted in increases in Young’s modulus, compressive modulus, tensile strength and compressive yield strength of the composite. A higher strain rate led to higher modulus and strength values and lower tensile fracture strains of the composite.

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Wang, Ping, Hao Xu, Rong Chen, Jingmang Xu, and Xiaohui Zeng. "Experimental Research on Compression Properties of Cement Asphalt Mortar due to Drying and Wetting Cycle." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2014 (2014): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/769248.

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Uniaxial compression test of cement asphalt (CA) mortar specimens, due to drying and wetting cycle of 0, 2, 4 and 8 times, is carried out by using the electronic universal test machine, with the strain rate ranging from 1 × 10−5 s−1to 1 × 10−2 s−1. The effects of strain rate and drying and wetting cycle time on the compressive strength, elasticity modulus, and stress-strain full curve are investigated. Experimental results show that the strain-stress full curve of CA mortar is affected obviously by strain rate and drying and wetting cycle time. The compressive strength and elasticity modulus increase with the strain rate under the same drying and wetting cycle time. The compressive strength and elasticity modulus decrease with the increase of drying and wetting cycle time in the same strain rate. The lower the strain rate is, the greater the compressive strength and elasticity modulus of CA mortar decrease. When the strain rate is 1 × 10−5 s−1and drying and wetting cycle time is 8, the largest reduction of average compressive strength of CA mortar is 40.48%, and the largest reduction of elasticity modulus of CA mortar is 35.51%, and the influence of drying and wetting cycle on the compressive strength of CA mortar is greater than its influence on the elasticity modulus.

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Nica, Irina, Gianina Iovan, Simona Stoleriu, et al. "Comparative Study Regarding the Compressive Strength of Different Composite Resins Used for Direct Restorations." Materiale Plastice 55, no. 3 (2018): 447–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/mp.18.3.5049.

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The aim of this study was to evaluate and to compare the compression behavior under identical mechanical tests, of three different composite resins, by determining Young�s modulus for compression, ultimate compressive strength and ultimate compressive strain. The studied materials were: Filtek Z250 Universal Restorative, Filtek Z550 and Filtek Bulk Fill Posterior Restorative (3M ESPE, St. Paul, MN, USA). Fifteen cylindrical samples, having 6 mm in height and 5 mm in diameter, were made from each material, using plastic molds. The samples were subjected to quantitative analysis of the compression behavior after mechanical tests. The fractured fragments of the samples were subjected to qualitative surface evaluation by scanning electron microscopy. Results were statistically analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Tukey�s post hoc test. Filtek Z250 had the lowest value of Young�s modulus for compression and the results were statistically significant (p[0.05) when compared to Filtek Bulk Fill Posterior Restorative and Filtek Z550. There were no statistically significant differences between all three materials regarding ultimate compressive strength (p]0.05). The lowest value for ultimate compressive strain was recorded for Filtek Bulk Fill.

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Couto Aguiar, Letícia, Luiz A. Melgaço N. Branco, Eduardo Chahud, et al. "Influence of Time Evolution in the Modulus of Elasticity of Concrete Reinforced by Carbon Fibers." Advanced Materials Research 1088 (February 2015): 640–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1088.640.

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The modulus of elasticity is an important property for the behavior analysis of concrete structures. This research evaluated the strain difference between concrete specimens with and without the application of laminate carbon fiber composites as well as the variation time, in months, of the axial strength compression and modulus of elasticity. Through the experimental results, it is concluded that increases in compressive strength and modulus of elasticity are more significant in the specimens without reinforcement.

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Liu, Mu-Yi, Po-Liang Lai, and Ching-Lung Tai. "BIOMECHANICAL EVALUATION OF LOW-MODULUS BONE CEMENT FOR ENHANCING APPLICABILITY IN VERTEBROPLASTY — AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY IN PORCINE MODEL." Biomedical Engineering: Applications, Basis and Communications 30, no. 01 (2018): 1850002. http://dx.doi.org/10.4015/s1016237218500023.

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Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) bone cement has been widely used in vertebroplasty to treat osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture. However, the high compression stiffness of PMMA is suspected to induce adjacent vertebral fracture following vertebroplasty. In the current study, modified low-modulus cement was prepared by combining PMMA with castor oil to solve this problem. The percentage of height recovery and compression stiffness of vertebral bodies was compared after injection of standard PMMA or low-modulus cement. This study aims to investigate whether low-modulus cement is as effective as standard PMMA for storing the initial vertebral height; while lowering the compression stiffness in treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures. A total of 20 fresh porcine lumbar vertebrae were assigned into two groups (10 per group): standard and low-modulus. All specimens received a four-week decalcification to mimic human osteoporotic vertebrae. The standard and low-modulus groups received a simulated compression fracture followed by treatment of standard and low-modulus cement augmentation, respectively. The low-modulus cement was prepared by combining standard PMMA with 15% weight fractions of castor oil. For all the 20 specimens, vertebral compression fracture was created by reducing the vertebral height of 25% using a material testing machine. The compression stiffness determined from the creation of compression fracture was defined as the intact group (20 specimens). The fractured vertebrae were then treated with standard and low-modulus cement augmentation. The vertebral height was measured pre- and post-treatment, and the percentage of vertebral height recovery was compared between two cementing groups. Following cement augmentation, axial compression test was conducted to compare compression stiffness among three groups. The results indicated that there is no significant difference in percentage of vertebral height between standard (83.42[Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text]11.60%) and low-modulus (88.50[Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text]6.15%) groups ([Formula: see text]). Moreover, the compression stiffnesses were 1166.49[Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text]392.91 N/mm, 1795.85[Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text]247.45[Formula: see text]N/mm and 1362.57[Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text]236.92[Formula: see text]N/mm for intact, standard and low-modulus groups, respectively. There is significant difference among three groups ([Formula: see text]). We concluded that the modified low-modulus cement is as effective as standard PMMA for storing the initial vertebral height while lowering the compression stiffness in treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures. These reduce the risks of adjacent vertebral body fracture following vertebroplasty.

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Hamdan, Sinin, Mahbub Hasan, and Yoann Nohe. "MEASURMENT OF BENDING PROPERTIES OF RHIZOPHORA TROPICAL WOOD." ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development 27, no. 2 (2017): 73–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.29037/ajstd.253.

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The Young’s modulus, load at the yield point and proportional limit stress from the compression bending (cb) test were compared with the four point bending tests (4pb). The theoretical Young’s modulus are larger than the real reading for 5mm and 10mm thick specimens, except for 200mm long specimens due to specimen nonlinearity. The experimental results for the short specimens are slightly high compared to the theory due to uniaxial compression in both tensile and compressive planes. Since the additional deflection produced by the shearing force and the stress concentration at the loading point was smaller with the compression bending test compared to the conventional four point bending test the values of Ecb are larger than E4pb. It is noted that when length/thickness (l/t)>80, the values of Ecb are scattered. In addition, Ecb decrease sharply when l/t<30. In order to obtain a stable Young’s modulus value, it is suggested that the l/t should be 30~80.

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Hamdan, Sinin, Mahbub Hasan, and Yoann Nohe. "Measurment of bending properties of rhizophora tropical wood." ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development 26, no. 2 (2017): 73–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.29037/ajstd.323.

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The Young’s modulus, load at the yield point and proportional limit stress from the compression bending (cb) test were compared with the four point bending tests (4pb). The theoretical Young’s modulus are larger than the real reading for 5mm and 10mm thick specimens, except for 200mm long specimens due to specimen nonlinearity. The experimental results for the short specimens are slightly high compared to the theory due to uniaxial compression in both tensile and compressive planes. Since the additional deflection produced by the shearing force and the stress concentration at the loading point was smaller with the compression bending test compared to the conventional four point bending test the values of Ecb are larger than E4pb. It is noted that when length/thickness (l/t)>80, the values of Ecb are scattered. In addition, Ecb decrease sharply when l/t<30. In order to obtain a stable Young’s modulus value, it is suggested that the l/t should be 30~80.

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33

Trufanov, A. N. "Development of new tables of transition factors from the results of compression tests to the plate-bearing modulus." Engineering survey 13, no. 1 (2019): 18–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.25296/1997-8650-2019-13-1-18-30.

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The article is devoted to the issue of developing new tables of transition factors relating the results of compression and plate-bearing tests. As is known, the normative value of the modulus of deformation is directly determined from the most reliable plate-bearing tests. However, they are quite laborious and expensive. In contrast to plate bearing tests, compression tests are much cheaper, but they give underestimated values of the deformation modulus. In this connection, a table of transition coefficients from a compression module to a plate-bearing deformation modulus was developed (Agishev – Ignatova table). The article shows that the initial stress ranges selected for the determination of the compression and platebearing deformation modulus differ significantly. The compression module, as well as the odometric modulus of deformation in the latest version of the table, was determined in a fixed pressure range, and the plate-bearing test curve for the linear section, the starting point of which is an alternating natural effective stress. To eliminate this contradiction, when developing new tables, instead of a compression modulus, a tangential odometric modulus of deformation was used, determined for the corresponding value of the natural effective stress. The algorithm for determining new transition coefficients is described in detail. In the new tables, in addition to the porosity coefficient, the soil flow rate is also taken into account. The effect of consistency on the definition of the plate-bearing modulus and the absence of such an effect on the results of compression tests are noted. Anomalous behavior of clay of solid consistency is shown during compression tests. In addition to the tables of transition coefficients, a table of linear equations is provided for a direct transition from the results of compression tests to a plate-bearing deformation modulus. New tables are proposed to be used to determine the standard value of the modulus of soil deformation at the stage of preliminary calculations for the foundations of buildings and structures of the II and III geotechnical categories.

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34

Fartini, M. S., M. S. Abdul Majid, Mohd Afendi, R. Daud, and Azizul Mohamad. "Effect of Nano-Clay and their Dispersion Techniques on Compressive Properties of Unsaturated Polyester Resin." Applied Mechanics and Materials 554 (June 2014): 27–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.554.27.

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This paper aims to understand the relationship between processing parameters and compressive properties of nanoclay filled polyester resin (dispersion method and wt% of nanoclay particles). Unsaturated polyester resin with 0-5 wt% nanoclay content was prepared by hand mixing and through shears mixing of water bath shaker. Static uniaxial compression tests were conducted to investigate how the unsaturated polyester resins with nanoclay contents and processing will effect on the compressive stress-strain behaviour and compression properties. The experimental results show that the compressive strength and elastic modulus of nanomodified resin are significantly affected by type of mixing methods to prepare the specimens and the ratio of nanoparticles content during mixing. It was found out that the compressive strength and compressive modulus increase with the nanoclay content. The findings also indicate the dispersion of nanoclay by hand-mixed method yield higher compressive strength compared to that dispersed by water shaker bath.

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35

Tipka, Martin, and Jitka Vašková. "Modulus of Elasticity in Tension for Concrete and Fibre Reinforced Concrete." Solid State Phenomena 259 (May 2017): 35–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.259.35.

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The paper deals with the determination of the modulus of elasticity in tension for cementitious composites and comparing these values with the values of modulus in compression. It describes several methods, which are usually used for determination of modulus of elasticity of concrete and fibre reinforced concrete. In the experimental program modulus of elasticity in compression and tension of various types of concrete and fibre reinforced concrete were compared. The classic test with prismatic specimens was used for determination of the modulus in compression; a new arrangement of uniaxial tension test of cementitious composites was used for determination of the modulus of elasticity in tension.

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Zhou, Yu, Hai Ying Liu, Yu Tao Men, Li Lan Gao, Bao Shan Xu, and Chun Qiu Zhang. "Numerical Study on Mechanical Behavior of Tissue-Engineering Repaired Cartilage in Sliding Load Condition." Applied Mechanics and Materials 441 (December 2013): 598–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.441.598.

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Mechanical state has a major impact on the repairing effect of tissue-engineered cartilage. The unusual state could result in the degeneration of artificial and host cartilage. A repaired cartilage defects was simulated by finite element simulation based on fiber-reinforced biphasic model in sliding load condition. The results showed that in the surrounding area of defects Mises stress, compressive strain and pore pressure are affected by the amount of compression and modulus of materials. Inadequate modulus leads to the declining mechanical bearing ability in defected position, while excessive modulus leads to increasing difference between the pressure on the two sides of bonding surface between artificial cartilage and host cartilage. During the repair process, it is suggested to choose the artificial cartilage modulus with both reasonable bearing ability and less stress concentration should be considered, and the intensity of exercise should also decrease to reduce the amount of compression.

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Wen-juan, Yao, and Ye Zhi-ming. "Analytical solution of bending-compression column using different tension-compression modulus." Applied Mathematics and Mechanics 25, no. 9 (2004): 983–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02438347.

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ADACHI, Hiromasa, and Teruo HASEGAWA. "Dynamic Compression Modulus of Expanded Polystyrene Foams." KOBUNSHI RONBUNSHU 57, no. 11 (2000): 757–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1295/koron.57.757.

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ADACHI, Hiromasa, and Teruo HASEGAWA. "Compression Modulus of Open-Celled Polyethylene Foams." KOBUNSHI RONBUNSHU 58, no. 9 (2001): 486–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1295/koron.58.486.

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Baldridge, Kim K., and Jay S. Siegel. "Molecular compression chambers: exceeding the Euler modulus." Journal of Physical Organic Chemistry 28, no. 3 (2014): 223–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/poc.3323.

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Shibahara, Seiji, Jun Yamamoto, Yoichi Takanishi, Ken Ishikawa, and Hideo Takezoe. "Layer Compression Modulus in Smectic Liquid Crystals." Journal of the Physical Society of Japan 71, no. 3 (2002): 802–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1143/jpsj.71.802.

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Montagnier, O., and C. Hochard. "Compression Characterization of High-modulus Carbon Fibers." Journal of Composite Materials 39, no. 1 (2005): 35–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998305046433.

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43

Fillmore, Brandon, and Pedram Sadeghian. "Contribution of longitudinal glass fiber-reinforced polymer bars in concrete cylinders under axial compression." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 45, no. 6 (2018): 458–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2017-0481.

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Contribution of longitudinal glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars in concrete columns under compression has been ignored by current design guidelines. This paper challenges this convention by testing 21 concrete cylinders (150 mm × 300 mm) reinforced with longitudinal GFRP and steel bars in compression. It was observed that GFRP bars could sustain high level of compressive strains long after the peak load of the specimens without any premature crushing. The results of a new coupon test method showed that the elastic modulus of GFRP bars in compression is slightly higher than that of in tension, however the compressive strength was obtained 67% of tensile strength. An analytical model was successfully implemented to predict the axial capacity of the tests specimens and it was found that the contribution of the bars in the load capacity of the specimens was within 4.5–18.4% proportional to the bars reinforcement ratio normalized to the elastic modulus of steel bars.

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44

Kozey, Victor V., and Satish Kumar. "Compression behavior of materials: Part I. Glassy polymers." Journal of Materials Research 9, no. 10 (1994): 2717–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1994.2717.

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In this three-part series the compressive behavior of (i) glassy polymers, (ii) high performance polymeric and carbon fibers, and (iii) polymeric matrix composites has been addressed. The glassy polymers exhibit plastic yielding in compression. The dependence of compressive yield strength on factors such as tensile modulus, glass transition temperature, density, and free volume has been examined. Failure theories for yielding in glassy polymers have been reviewed. Compression behavior of high performance fibers and that of the composites is discussed in Parts II and III, respectively.

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Ruan, Fangtao, Zhenzhen Xu, Dayin Hou, Yang Li, and Changliu Chu. "Enhancing Longitudinal Compressive Properties of Unidirectional FRP Based on Microbuckling Compression Failure Mechanism." Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics 13, no. 1 (2018): 155892501801300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/155892501801300110.

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In this study, a new methodology to improve the longitudinal compressive strength and modulus of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fiber-reinforced epoxy resin matrix is developed. The proposed method involves wrapping a UHMWPE fiber bundle with a poly-p-phenylene benzobisoxazole fiber filament using a winding method, and using these bundles to fabricate unidirectional UHMWPE fabric. UHMWPE/epoxy composites were fabricated using vacuum-assisted resin-transfer molding (VARTM), and the compression properties of the composite were evaluated and compared to investigate the effect of the filament wrapping. Improvements in the compressive modulus were achieved for filaments wound with applied tension, and when increasing the filament-winding spacing; however, the compressive strength decreased with an increase in the filament-winding spacing. Results obtained confirm that fiber microbuckling failure occurred in the composite under longitudinal compression, and that inhibiting the buckling length of the fiber improved compressive properties. These results may be useful when designing the mechanical properties of fiber-reinforced polymer composites.

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46

Lim, Seungwook, and Dan G. Zollinger. "Estimation of the Compressive Strength and Modulus of Elasticity of Cement-Treated Aggregate Base Materials." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1837, no. 1 (2003): 30–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1837-04.

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Experimental study on the development of strength and modulus of elasticity of cement-treated aggregate base (CTAB) materials was undertaken. Unconfined uniaxial compression tests were conducted with 189 samples for 16 CTAB mixtures at different ages. Two different aggregates, conventional crushed limestone base and recycled concrete materials, were used in the test program. Using the test results, equations were proposed to estimate the development of compressive strength and modulus of elasticity of CTAB materials with time. Test results indicated that the relationship between the compressive strength and elastic modulus of CTAB materials could be expressed in a single equation regardless of aggregate type and mixture proportions.

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47

Fartini, M. S., M. S. Abdul Majid, Mohd Afendi, N. A. M. Amin, and Azizul Mohamad. "Effects of Elevated Temperatures on the Compression Strength of Nanoclay Filled Unsaturated Polyester Resin." Applied Mechanics and Materials 554 (June 2014): 208–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.554.208.

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The paper describes the effects of the montmorillonite (MMT) fillers commonly known as nanoclay, on the compression properties of unsaturated polyester resins at different weight percentage of nanoclay. Modified resin specimens with 1, 3 and 5 wt. % of nanoclay contents were prepared and subjected to compressive tests according to ASTM D695. The static uniaxial compression testing were conducted at various temperatures ranging from room temperature (RT) to the temperature closer to its glass transition temperature Tg to study the effect of nanoclay fillers on the compressive stress-strain behaviour at high temperatures (room temperature, 35, 45, and 75°C). The mechanical properties of the nanomodified resin including the elastic modulus, maximum stress and failure strain were determined. The experimental results imply that adding these nanoclay fillers has enhanced the elastic modulus, compressive strength, and toughness without sacrificing the strain to failure and thermal stability of the unsaturated polyester. However it was found that generally, all specimens showed degradation in compressive strength with increases in temperatures.

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48

Jin, Ke Sheng, Ying Huang, and Xiao Na Chen. "The Study of Strength and Characteristics of Compression to Ferrous Sulfate Erosion Laterite." Advanced Materials Research 1030-1032 (September 2014): 957–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1030-1032.957.

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In this paper,we study the strength and compression characteristics of ferrous sulfate erosion laterite at different concentrations and different curing time effects. The results prove, When lower concentrations of ferrous sulfate and shorter curing time,the shear strength and compression modulus of laterite appear maximum, the compression coefficient appears least; With increasing concentration and prolonging curing time, shear strength and compression modulus of laterite decreases,compression coefficient increases.

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49

Urbański, Marek. "Compressive Strength of Modified FRP Hybrid Bars." Materials 13, no. 8 (2020): 1898. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13081898.

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A new type of HFRP hybrid bars (hybrid fiber reinforced polymer) was introduced to increase the rigidity of FRP reinforcement, which was a basic drawback of the FRP bars used so far. Compared to the BFRP (basalt fiber reinforced polymer) bars, modification has been introduced in HFRP bars consisting of swapping basalt fibers with carbon fibers. One of the most important mechanical properties of FRP bars is compressive strength, which determines the scope of reinforcement in compressed reinforced concrete elements (e.g., column). The compression properties of FRP bars are currently ignored in the standards (ACI, CSA). The article presents compression properties for HFRP bars based on the developed compression test method. Thirty HFRP bars were tested for comparison with previously tested BFRP bars. All bars had a nominal diameter of 8 mm and their nonanchored (free) length varied from 50 to 220 mm. Test results showed that the ultimate compressive strength of nonbuckled HFRP bars as a result of axial compression is about 46% of the ultimate strength. In addition, the modulus of elasticity under compression does not change significantly compared to the modulus of elasticity under tension. A linear correlation of buckling load strength was proposed depending on the free length of HFRP bars.

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Malkin, Alexander Ya, Valery G. Kulichikhin, Anton V. Mityukov, and Sergey V. Kotomin. "Deformation Properties of Concentrated Metal-in-Polymer Suspensions under Superimposed Compression and Shear." Polymers 12, no. 5 (2020): 1038. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12051038.

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Concentrated metal-in-polymer suspensions (55 vol.% and 60 vol.%) of aluminum powder dispersed in low molecular weight polyethylene glycol) demonstrate elastoplastic properties under compression and shear. The rheological behavior of concentrated suspensions was studied in a rotational rheometer with uniaxial compression (squeezing), as well as shearing superimposed on compression. At a high metal concentration, the elasticity of the material strongly increases under strain, compared with the plasticity. The elastic compression modulus increases with the growth of normal stress. Changes in the shear modulus depend on both normal and shear stresses. At a low compression force, the shear modulus is only slightly dependent on the shear stress. However, high compression stress leads to a decrease in the shear modulus by several orders with the growth of the shear stress. The decrease in the modulus seems to be rather unusual for compacted matter. This phenomenon could be explained by the rearrangement of the specific organization of the suspension under compression, leading to the creation of inhomogeneous structures and their displacement at flow, accompanied by wall slip. The obtained set of rheological characteristics of highly loaded metal-in-polymer suspensions is the basis for understanding the behavior of such systems in the powder injection molding process.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Compression modulus'

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