Journal articles: 'Compulsory acquisition'

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Burrows, Paul. "Compensation for Compulsory Acquisition." Land Economics 67, no. 1 (February 1991): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3146485.

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Osumanu, Issaka Kanton, Prince Agyekum, and Prosper Laari Bosommi. "Compulsory land acquisition by government and litigations in Ghana: an empirical study of three educational institutions in Wa Municipality." Journal of Planning and Land Management 1, no. 2 (September 7, 2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.36005/jplm.v1i2.24.

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This study examined government’s compulsory acquisitions of land for public educational infrastructure development in Ghana, using three case studies in Wa Municipality of Upper West Region. The strategy of inquiry was qualitative, involving key informant interviews with heads of the acquiring authorities and beneficiary institutions as well as semi-structured interviews with pre-acquiring owners and settlers of the lands. The findings revealed that the processes of compulsory acquisition of the subject lands had been delayed, and it is unclear when they would be completed. The processes were not properly followed as determined in the State Lands Regulations of 1962 (L.I. 230) and its subsequent amendments, which provide the processes or procedures for state acquisition of lands under the State Lands Act of 1962 (Act 125), leading to agitations and litigations between landlords and government institutions. The study attributes the problems of compulsory land acquisition to failure of acquiring institutions to follow procedures laid by regulations on compulsory acquisition. It recommends that landowners should be represented in the acquisition process from the onset to ensure fairness and prompt payment of adequate compensation as provided for by the law to reduce tension and litigations between government institutions and landlords.

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Shukla, Jyoti. "Compulsory yet Fair Acquisition of Land: Assessing Procedural Fairness of Compulsory Acquisition Process in India." Journal of Property Research 38, no. 3 (March 1, 2021): 238–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09599916.2021.1892802.

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Arsic, Zoran. "Compulsory acquisition of shares buyer, other shareholders, abuse of right of compulsory acquisition of shares." Zbornik radova Pravnog fakulteta, Novi Sad 49, no. 1 (2015): 21–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/zrpfns49-7891.

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Botchwey, Gabriel. "Compensation for lands compulsorily acquired by the state: Issues of non-completion of acquisition, non-payment of compensation and potential unjust enrichment." UCC Law Journal 1, no. 2 (December 1, 2021): 221–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.47963/ucclj.v1i2.418.

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The exercise of eminent domain by the State to undertake compulsory acquisition of property for public benefit was used by the British colonial administration to secure lands for public infrastructure such as roads, streets, public service institutions and others. The post-independent governments assumed this power and applied it to acquire lands and properties for public purpose or benefit from the 1960s to date. However, compulsory acquisitions have been fraught with problems such as non-completion of laid-down acquisition processes and non-payment of compensation to owners of property immediately before the acquisitions were made, even though the public institutions on whose behalf executive instruments were issued to initiate the acquisitions have occupied the lands or properties. This study focused on why this situation occurs, and whether or not it is just. Analytical legal research methods were used to investigate the issues of the study through critical review of constitutional provisions, enactments, regulations, case law, and legal texts. The findings show that the acquisition processes tend to exclude the owners immediately before the acquisition, and the acquisitions by the State remain valid since they were based on appropriate legislation. However, the rightful owners tend to lose their property by operation of law or due to barriers imposed by limitation statutes. The article concludes that this situation borders on potential unjust enrichment to the State which gains property without payment by operation of the rules created for compulsory acquisition.< p>

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Bianconi, Marco. "Compulsory property acquisition for urban densification." European Planning Studies 28, no. 5 (November 24, 2019): 1046–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09654313.2019.1694241.

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Parker, David. "Compulsory property acquisition for urban densification." Pacific Rim Property Research Journal 25, no. 2 (May 4, 2019): 175–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14445921.2019.1643276.

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Sholanke, Oladipo O. "Three Supreme Court Cases on Compulsory Acquisition of Land in Nigeria." Journal of African Law 58, no. 2 (July 28, 2014): 266–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021855314000096.

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AbstractThe law of compulsory acquisition of land in Nigeria is rooted in the country's constitution. It is enshrined that every Nigerian has the right to own private property and that such property shall not be acquired compulsorily, except in the manner and for the purposes prescribed by a law that requires both the payment of prompt compensation and compliance with the rule of law on access to court. In 2012, the Supreme Court of Nigeria delivered three decisions on the compulsory acquisition of land or the revocation of occupancy rights; Alhaji Tsoho Dan Amale v Sokoto Local Government and Others; Goldmark Nigeria Limited and Others v Ibafon Company Limited and Others; and Ohochukwu v Attorney General of Rivers State and Others. These three cases laid down principles on the subject which are worthy of exposition.

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Nwatu, Samuel, and Collins Ajibo. "Compulsory Acquisition of Land (Private Property) in Nigeria: Prioritizing Public Interest over Private Interest." Nigerian Juridical Review 16 (June 28, 2022): 275–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.56284/tnjr.v16i1.10.

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Compulsory acquisition of land (private property) is permitted under Nigerian law, but such acquisition must be conducted in accordance with the prescriptions of law. A fundamental criterion in a compulsory acquisition is the compliance with the public purpose requirement. Increasingly, state governments in Nigeria have been engaging in massive land grabbing for many reasons that tend to challenge the public purpose requirement. In certain cases, including governments’ acquisition for mass housing projects, the resultant beneficiaries are far from qualifying for the ascription of the term ‘public’ for the purpose of compliance with the public purpose requirement. This casts doubt on the acquiring authority’s compliance with the extant law. Using a doctrinal methodology, this paper argues for the prioritization of public interest over private interest. The paper aims to provide a roadmap for ensuring that public interest requirement reigns supreme in any compulsory acquisition in Nigeria.

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Rowan‐Robinson, Jeremy, and Norman Hutchison. "Compensation for the compulsory acquisition of business interests." Journal of Property Valuation and Investment 13, no. 1 (March 1995): 44–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/14635789510077287.

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Akujuru, Victor A., and Les Ruddock. "Dichotomising compulsory land acquisition and land contamination valuations." International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment 6, no. 3 (September 14, 2015): 268–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijdrbe-11-2013-0040.

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Purpose – This study aims at identifying the consequences of adopting statutory rather than market basis in assessing damages due to contamination to land. Most valuations undertaken to assess compensation for damages due to contamination on land are done with valuation methods prescribed by law for the compulsory acquisition of land. Design/methodology/approach – A total of 80 registered valuation firms with experience in both compulsory acquisition and damage assessment participated in a questionnaire survey to ascertain the methods adopted in valuing when determining the compensation payable as damages due to land contamination and the need for a framework for such valuations, in addition to some archival documents relating to the relevant laws and some purposively selected valuation reports, which were reviewed. Findings – The results of the analysis indicate that the use of compulsory acquisition valuation methods results in inadequate damages, which engenders conflicts among the stakeholders. The absence of any framework for damage assessment is responsible for the current practice in the Niger Delta, and it is recommended that international best practices utilising market basis of valuation be adopted. Research limitations/implications – Most valuation methods available are useful for valuing commercial properties regularly traded in the market and not applicable to the Niger Delta, which is mostly rural with very few market transactions. It is expected that this study will enable oil and gas industry operators, professional valuers advising the land owners or operators in the industry and the government to differentiate compensation paid for compulsory acquisition and compensation required to placate those suffering losses due to contamination. Practical implications – The findings will assist professional valuers to be more professional in valuing contaminated land devastated by oil spills. Social implications – Adopting the findings will engender a greater acceptability of the results of valuations undertaken in the wake of an oil spillage disaster and ensure a peaceful environment for the oil operators and the entire populace. Originality/value – The findings of this study are expected to assist policymakers in emerging economies and professional valuers acting in these environments to avoid precipitating crises by adopting inappropriate valuation techniques when assessing damages due to contamination. This study is original and has not been published elsewhere.

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Larbi, Wordsworth Odame, Adarkwah Antwi, and Paul Olomolaiye. "Compulsory land acquisition in Ghana—policy and praxis." Land Use Policy 21, no. 2 (April 2004): 115–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2003.09.004.

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Adekunle, Muhammad Usman, Hadiza Tijjani Bello, Samirah Ibrahim Jibril, and Ibrahim Idris. "Landholders' Satisfaction with Compulsory Acquisition and Compensation Process in Bauchi, Nigeria." Path of Science 6, no. 12 (December 31, 2020): 2007–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.22178/pos.65-6.

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This research aims to assess Landholder's satisfaction with the compulsory acquisition and compensation process in Bauchi to identify areas of weakness in the process and propose areas of improvement. The study adopted the quantitative approach and data collected through questionnaire survey from 327 landholders affected by the compulsory acquisition and compensation exercise by the Bauchi State Government. The data collected were subjected to descriptive with mean ranking, frequency distribution. The study revealed that landholders were very satisfied before the process of compulsory acquisition, during the process of mandatory purchase, they were also happy. Still, during the compensation process, they were very dissatisfied. It recommended that the Government should make the process of compensation more transparent.

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Nyarko, Michael Gyan. "The Right to Property and Compulsory Land Acquisition in Ghana: A Human Rights Perspective." African Journal of International and Comparative Law 27, no. 1 (February 2019): 100–125. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/ajicl.2019.0261.

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Using a human rights-based approach and Ghana as a case study, this article examines the scope and content of the right to property in relation to compulsory land acquisition under international law. It argues that while the exact frontiers of the right to property remain quite uncharted at the global level the vacuum has been filled by the regional human rights systems and soft law. In the context of Ghana, the Constitutional protection of the right to property and quite elaborate rules to be followed during compulsory acquisition have not translated into revision of the compulsory acquisition laws, which remain largely incoherent and inconsistent with the requirements of the Constitution and international human rights law.

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Arneil, Barbara. "Demobilised Soldiers, Small Holdings Colonies and the Compulsory Acquisition of Land after World War One: Scotland and Canada." Northern Scotland 11, no. 2 (November 2020): 176–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/nor.2020.0220.

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This article compares the Small Holdings Colonies Acts (1916 and 1918) for demobilized WWI soldiers in Britain upon which the Land Settlement (Scotland) Act of 1919 was established; and similar small holdings colonies for demobilized soldiers in Canada with a particular focus on provisions for the state to engage in compulsory acquisition of land for this purpose. My research shows in the Highlands and Islands of Scotland, colonies and compulsory acquisition of land under the 1919 Act were part of a larger land reform movement (breaking up large estates) and represent progressive advances for traditional occupants – the crofters and tenant farmers – to have rights over their own lands. In Canada, on the other hand, domestic colonies for British soldiers served to displace indigenous peoples from their reserves already vastly diminished compared to traditional territories. The compulsory acquisition of land through surrenders from reserves compounded the problem. As such colonies in Canada had negative impacts on indigenous peoples as part of an ongoing settler colonization process. Thus I show that small holdings colonies particularly when combined with compulsory acquisition of land work in opposite directions normatively and materially in each country.

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Suwarno, Bambang. "Acquisition Planning for Regional Indigenous Heritage Languages in Indonesia." SAGE Open 10, no. 3 (July 2020): 215824402094884. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2158244020948843.

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Regional indigenous heritage languages (RIHLs) are in decline in Indonesia, and this problem needs attention from language policy and planning. This study explores a subset of the Indonesian language policy, namely, its acquisition planning. Content analysis and doctrinal method were employed. The sample included national legislations and some regional legislations. The results are as follows. As subjects taught in schools, Indonesian is “compulsory” at all levels; RIHLs are “optional” at primary and secondary levels and “absent” at the tertiary level; English is “compulsory” at the secondary level and “optional” at the tertiary level. As the media of instruction, Indonesian is “compulsory” at all levels; RIHLs are “optional” in very limited cases; English is “optional” at the tertiary level. As languages for mass media, Indonesian is “compulsory”; English is “optional” for specific aims or audience; RIHLs are “optional” for local communities. There are possible “incoherences” among various legislations, that is, the Constitution, some national laws and regulations, and some regional bylaws. To implement constitutional mandate, the acquisition planning may need revision. In the revision, RIHLs may need to be included as mandatory subjects, while some RIHLs may need to be used as the media of instruction and in mass media. Further studies for the revision are recommended.

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Alden Wily, Liz. "Compulsory Acquisition as a Constitutional Matter: The Case in Africa." Journal of African Law 62, no. 1 (February 2018): 77–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021855318000050.

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AbstractCompulsory acquisition of land by the state for public purposes is an entrenched feature of national constitutions. Yet the scope of private property is rarely defined. This is problematic in agrarian economies where millions own land under non-statutory arrangements that were historically excluded from recognition as property. This study examines the case in Africa where more than 650 million people are untitled customary landowners. Despite vibrant constitutional change, protection of these rights remains disappointing, while the grounds for taking land have expanded. However, this article concludes that reining in the scope of public purpose is not the most useful way forward. It would be more productive to persist in bringing constitutional force to bear on the standing of customary rights, along with democratizing procedures towards full community participation in deciding how public purpose acquisitions should proceed. The result would be greater tenure security, good governance and more peaceful relations between the state and people regarding land.

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Braden, John B., and Jack L. Knetsch. "Property Rights and Compensation: Compulsory Acquisition and Other Losses." Land Economics 61, no. 1 (February 1985): 88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3146147.

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Schmid, A. Allan. "Property Rights and Compensation: Compulsory Acquisition and Other Losses." Journal of Economic Issues 19, no. 2 (June 1985): 581–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00213624.1985.11504399.

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Syagga, P. M., and W. H. A. Olima. "The impact of compulsory land acquisition on displaced households." Habitat International 20, no. 1 (January 1996): 61–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0197-3975(95)00034-8.

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Huang, Yinghong. "Compulsory Development: An Ideal Type of Land Acquisition in India and China, 1980–2014." China Report 55, no. 1 (February 2019): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0009445518818213.

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In this article, land acquisition (LA) in India and China since the 1980s has been theorised as an ‘ideal’ model, namely, compulsory development, which highlights the extremely active role of the state and the compulsory measures it takes for LA in both countries in order to achieve its development goals. In both countries, the state acts as the land use planner, regulation maker in the land administration, as well as a major land developer and most influential player in the land market. At the same time, it extracts a high proportion of the benefits from land development projects, which is realised through compulsory LA despite the numerous flaws in the LA institutions. Compulsory development, as we term it, is a key feature in the political economy of LA in both countries. It provides an ideal model to understand and compare the phenomenon of LA in these two largest developing societies and to develop a systematic analysis of LA, and more broadly, of development in both countries. As the initial product in a larger research project, in this article we focus mainly on the theoretical model of this compulsory development, including its definition, characteristics and variations.

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Coldham, Simon. "STATUTE NOTE." Journal of African Law 45, no. 2 (October 2001): 227–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0221855301001729.

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LAND ACQUISITION AMENDMENT ACT, 2000 (ZIMBABWE)Since Zimbabwe became independent in 1980 the issue of land reform and, in particular, the issue of land acquisition and redistribution has seldom been off the political agenda. For the first ten years of independence there were constitutional constraints on the acquisition of land for resettlement purposes, but the National Land Policy of 1990 set out plans for an accelerated programme of resettlement. In order to achieve its ambitious targets the government of Zimbabwe saw the need to strengthen its powers of compulsory acquisition both by amending section 16 of the Constitution (which provided strong protection against the compulsory acquisition of property) and by enacting the Land Acquisition Act to provide a statutory basis for the new policy. These reforms were extremely controversial both inside and outside the country and a clause excluding the right to fair compensation for expropriated land was dropped partly in response to international pressure.

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Enriques, Luca. "A New EU Business Combination Form to Facilitate Cross-Border M&A: The Compulsory Share Exchange." European Company Law 11, Issue 4 (June 1, 2014): 214–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/eucl2014043.

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Facilitating cross-border mergers and acquisitions has long been one of the objectives of European company law directives and regulations. Higher transaction costs result from the limited availability of the squeeze-out right. Instead of proposing to extend such right, which would be politically contentious, the solution proposed here is for a directive to require Member States to let companies execute acquisition transactions via a 'compulsory share exchange'.

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Rao, Jyoti, Piyush Tiwari, and Norman Hutchison. "No way to say “no”." Property Management 36, no. 1 (February 19, 2018): 37–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/pm-09-2016-0050.

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Purpose Property often forms the biggest component of household wealth and assets. Irrespective of landowners’ willingness, the act of compulsory acquisition abruptly ceases the security that this ownership carries. This often induces dissatisfaction among affected landowners over the: loss of “property rights”; loss of commodity, or property; and loss of future opportunities associated with the property. Though there have been attempts in various land acquisition laws and a practice to compensate acquirees for their loss, the dissatisfaction of acquirees has persisted. The persisting resistance of landowners compels deeper insight into the process of compulsory purchase and the compensation mechanism to understand underlying causes for resistance. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the extent of involvement of these different stakeholders, at various stages in the compulsory purchase process, using stakeholder interaction analysis. Results obtained from this research will be helpful in identifying the gaps in the process of compulsory purchase of land for public projects in Australia. Design/methodology/approach A survey of ten different stakeholder groups has been conducted to inquire the level of interaction of different stakeholders at various stages of compulsory purchase process. A comparative study was then performed to identify the gaps between the advocated process (suggested in the literature) and the process adopted by stakeholders. Findings The results illustrate that: affected landowners seek involvement at the initial stage when the project plan is under preparation and compulsory purchase declaration are not finalised; objectors (from the public) seek opportunities to convey, to the public agency, their views even though the accountability of public agencies towards this stakeholder is nil; and strong interactions are established during negotiation over the compensation amount thus signifying the urge of acquirer and acquirees to avoid monetary losses and time delays. Originality/value This research will be useful in identification of pain points in the compulsory purchase process for public projects. This shall help in evolution of fairer mechanism of land acquisition.

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Lindsay, David. "Does regulating telecommunications interconnection amount to compulsory acquisition of property?" Telecommunications Journal of Australia 58, no. 1 (May 2008): 6.1–6.9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2104/tja08006.

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Mangioni, Vince. "The evolution of the “Public Purpose Rule” in compulsory acquisition." Property Management 28, no. 2 (April 13, 2010): 93–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02637471011037116.

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Ogedengbe, P. S. "Compulsory acquisition of oil exploration fields in Delta State, Nigeria." Journal of Property Investment & Finance 25, no. 1 (February 13, 2007): 62–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/14635780710720171.

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Ige, VO, AJ Akintomide, and TO Adeola. "Compulsory land acquisition and compensation in Nigeria: Coastal communal perception." Ethiopian Journal of Environmental Studies and Management 9, no. 5 (October 10, 2016): 545. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ejesm.v9i5.2.

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Giang, Vien the, and Vo Thi My Huong. "Dealing with Weak Commercial Banks in Restructuring the System of Credit Institutions in Vietnam using Consolidation, Merger, and Acquisition: The Change from Administrative Orders to Market Mechanisms." WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON ENVIRONMENT AND DEVELOPMENT 18 (November 23, 2022): 1239–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.37394/232015.2022.18.116.

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The analysis and description of the legal framework combined with the assessment of impacts in economic and social aspects show that dealing with a weak bank, whatever the cause is, is an expensive and unpleasant situation, with potential negative impacts on the financial system. Depending on the severity of the weakness, the State takes appropriate intervention measures. Vietnam's economy is characterized by a small scale; commercial banks account for a large number, and have a small scale; these banks' financial potentials are not strong enough to compete with large-scale commercial banks (are usually state-owned or have a control stock) or foreign-invested commercial banks which have both strong financial potential and modern management skills from their parent banks abroad. This is the cause leading to the increase of weak commercial banks that need to be handled to make the market healthy as well as to secure the capital for economic development. Based on the coordinated approach between economics and law, the paper points out limitations when handling weak commercial banks through consolidation, merger, acquisition, or compulsory transfer. To meet the safety requirements and not to cause a breakdown in the restructuring and handling of weak banks, administrative intervention measures through compulsory consolidation, merger, compulsory acquisition, or compulsory transfer are used quite effectively. In the current period, we have solved the weaknesses that need to be handled quickly and decisively. Therefore, organizational restructuring according to criteria of sustainability and market mechanisms should be quickly implemented, especially forming a legal framework allowing foreign investors to participate in mergers and acquisitions transactions in a clear, specific, and highly feasible way as well as research to realize the bankruptcy of commercial banks effectively.

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Odudu, Christopher Oghenegweke, and Patience Osaiwie Iruobe. "Compensation study of Boboroku, Jesse, Delta State, Nigeria." Property Management 35, no. 5 (October 16, 2017): 490–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/pm-05-2016-0021.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine issues of compulsory acquisition, evaluating the quantum of compensation paid to natives of communities whose farmlands are acquired and issues that must be dealt with to provide adequate compensation to claimants. Design/methodology/approach Using an oil well acquisition base in Boboroku, Jesse in Ethiope-West local government area of Delta State as a case study, various compensation claims were examined vis-à-vis market value claims in compulsory acquisition. Findings It was found that many claimants received N1,000.00 (naira) or less as full compensation claims for their crops while families lucky to own lands received more reasonable payments. It was also found that 40 of the 142 claimants in Boboroku community received only N4,146,120.00 as opposed to N8,802,750.00 they should have received under market values. Similarly, 39 claimants in Okuno should have received a market value of N3,195,920.00 as against N1,370,609.00 that was actually paid by the acquiring authority confirming that the rates applied were grossly inadequate. Practical implications It was established that there was no statutory provision for disturbance losses from revocation of land interests. Also, the productivity of economic crops and trees was not considered nor was the computation of claims based on market values. The paper further established that claims should be compensated on the basis of productivity value and life span of interests being acquired and not on arbitrary rates supplied by the acquiring authorities. Originality/value The case study methodology used in this paper enabled contribution to the body of studies which hitherto highlighted the issues of compulsory acquisition and quantum of compensation. It, therefore, adds to the problem-solving framework on compulsory purchase matters in Nigeria.

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Sheridan, Mark. "Post-compulsory Education in Scottish Schools." British Journal of Music Education 9, no. 3 (November 1992): 217–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0265051700009104.

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With the introduction of the new Revised Higher Grade Examination in Music, the proposed Certificate of Sixth Year Studies in Music and the plethora of modules and short courses available from the Scottish Vocational and Educational Council and the Scottish Examination Board, teachers now have the opportunity to tailor courses to suit individual student needs. Those involved in planning have been meticulous in ensuring that performing, inventing and listening are present at all stages of certification. This ‘comprehensive musician’ approach ensures that students have breadth of experience in playing more than one instrument and that they are all involved in inventing – improvising, composing or arranging. In addition, having adopted a concept-based approach to the acquisition of knowledge and understanding, the whole process is very clearly associated with the philosophy of the ‘spiral’ curriculum.

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Yarrow, G. K. "Shareholder Protection, Compulsory Acquisition and the Efficiency of the Takeover Process." Journal of Industrial Economics 34, no. 1 (September 1985): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2098478.

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Nath, Samir R., A. Mushtaque, R. Chowdhury, and Fiona Blinkhorn. "Children's acquisition of health knowledge through compulsory primary schooling in Bangladesh." International Journal of Health Promotion and Education 42, no. 1 (January 2004): 4–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14635240.2004.10708003.

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Ige, Victor Olutope, and Rasidat Adejoke Oladapo. "Variation in compensation for compulsory property acquisition: Ondo State, Nigeria experience." Pacific Rim Property Research Journal 24, no. 2 (April 18, 2018): 139–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14445921.2018.1461768.

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Mazzacani, Danielle. "Foreign languages for the labor market: an analysis on the role of compulsory education in Europe." Revista Internacional de Organizaciones, no. 23 (January 8, 2020): 39–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.17345/rio23.39-58.

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It is well known that proficiency in more languages is important for labor outcomes of natives, and economic literature generally shows positive effects for those able to use multiple languages in the domestic labor market. In this context, compulsory education is likely to play a relevant role in identifying to what extent additional languages matter for the native workforce. Indeed, institutional education systems are often the main providers of individual skills in a country, including language skills, and compulsory education is reasonably unrelated to individual characteristics affecting choices of language acquisition. However, while some studies on co-official languages and labor in multilingual countries build their strategy on compulsory schooling, it seems that no study on indigenous workers considers it for foreign languages. As a first step of future analyses on foreign languages and labor in Europe, in this paper I try to analyze whether compulsory education affects foreign language proficiency of European native adults. I find that being taught foreign languages during compulsory schooling has positive effects on the probability of knowing them, ranging from 3 to 5 percent.

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Zariņa, Sandra. "Reading Acquisition Among 5- to 6-Year-Old Children in the Programme of Compulsory Preparation for School." Discourse and Communication for Sustainable Education 1, no. 1 (January 1, 2010): 93–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/dcse-2013-0009.

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Abstract In the context of compulsory education for 5-6 year-old children, the question about reading acquisition is one of fundamental concerns for both pre-school teachers and parents. This article examines the methods of reading acquisition frequently applied in preschool, discusses the situation and teachers’ view of reading acquisition in pre-school in Latvia and provides suggestions for reading literacy development of 5-6 years old children based on the keystones of sustainable development. The article is a contribution in the construction of a theoretically grounded and sustainable model of reading acquisition for 5-6 year-old children meeting global educational challenges and Latvian local needs.

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Shukla, Jyoti, and Piyush Tiwari. "Measuring Inadequacy in Compensation for the Compulsory Acquisition of Land: Evidence from Bengaluru, India." Land 11, no. 5 (April 29, 2022): 664. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11050664.

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Taking inspiration from the longstanding problem of inadequate compensation for the compulsory acquisition of private land for a public purpose, this research estimates the economic value of (i) future development potential of land or ‘hope value’; and (ii) depreciation in property value due to acquisition notification or ‘blight’. Using empirical data on property transactions conducted in the Bengaluru Mysore Infrastructure Corridor (BMIC) project area and registered with sub-registrar offices in Bengaluru India during 2007–14, this research innovatively combines the duration model and hedonic price model to estimate the above. Results indicate that the current mechanisms for compensation are inadequately compensating for the land. The loss of the hope value ranges between 2.39 to 8.35 times the market value of agricultural land in 2006 and loss due to blight is approximately 31 percent. Compensating for these losses ex-ante should induce fairness in the compulsory acquisition process and reduce arbitrariness in the valuation of essential components of a compensation package, thus unburdening the valuation responsibilities of the legal institutions. These findings empirically support the argument of payment of additional monetary compensation to the market value of land and provide a rational measure of the same.

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Shinkareva, O. V., and S. I. Oparina. "Allocation of funds of the standardized safety stock of compulsory health insurance funds for advanced training of medical workers, purchase or repair of medical equipment: new procedure." Buhuchet v zdravoohranenii (Accounting in Healthcare), no. 4 (April 1, 2021): 56–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/med-17-2104-05.

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The article is devoted to a new procedure for medical organizations to use the funds of the standardized safety stock of the Federal Compulsory Medical Insurance Fund and the territorial compulsory medical insurance fund, which is aimed at financing the organization of additional professional education of medical workers under advanced training programs, as well as the acquisition and repair of medical equipment. The main provisions of this Order, which entered into force on March 1, 2021, are considered. It is noted that starting from 2022, the maintenance of the plan and territorial plan of events for the use of these funds, as well as the reporting provided by medical organizations based on the results of such events, will be organized in electronic form using the state information system of compulsory medical insurance.

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Adekunle, Muhammad Usman, Hadiza Tijjani Bello, Samirah Ibrahim Jibril, and Ibrahim Idris. "Landholders’ Awareness of Compulsory Acquisition of Land and Compensation Process in Bauchi, Nigeria." Path of Science 6, no. 9 (September 30, 2020): 1006–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.22178/pos.62-2.

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40

Parker, David RR. "The 2012 metamorphosis of the common law of compulsory acquisition valuation in Australia." Common Law World Review 44, no. 3 (September 2015): 175–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1473779515589070.

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Jeznik, Katja, Robi Kroflič, and Metka Kuhar. "Between Retributive and Restorative Compulsory School Teachers’ Discipline Activities." Center for Educational Policy Studies Journal 10, no. 2 (June 24, 2020): 101–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.26529/cepsj.483.

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In Slovenia, compulsory schools have, since 2009, been obliged to define their own concept of moral and character education under the formal framework of the Primary School Act. Disciplinary measures in schools are underpinned by two main punishment theories: the more traditional retributive responses to undesired conduct, and the more recent restorative approach. The present study explores the views of 109 teachers from 13 compulsory schools regarding disciplinary measures through the prism of this paradigmatic divide. A qualitative analysis of group discussions in which teachers evaluated the disciplinary measures at each of the 13 schools will be presented. Only three discussion groups were predominantly restorative oriented. Given the proven negative effects of retribution-oriented disciplinary measures, the findings are not encouraging. We conclude that schools need a clearer disciplinary framework with systematic acquisition of knowledge and practical experience in the field of educational and discipline strategies, and that teachers must continuously reflect on their own disciplinary practices.

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Adekunle, Muhammad Usman, Maryam Salihu Muhammad, Mathew Oyewole Oluwole, Hadiza Tijjani Bello, and Ibrahim Idris. "Landholders’ Involvement in the Compulsory Acquisition of Land and Compensation Process in Bauchi, Nigeria." Path of Science 5, no. 9 (September 30, 2019): 2001–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.22178/pos.50-2.

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Graham, Jane, Conrad Hayes, and Kate Pendry. "Can Team-Based Learning (TBL) Be Used to Deliver Postgraduate Education in Transfusion Medicine for UK Physicians?" Medical Science Educator 30, no. 1 (December 3, 2019): 631–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40670-019-00844-9.

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Abstract Background There is global need for evidence-based methodologies to effectively deliver transfusion training. This research critically assesses both efficacy and the practicalities of introducing team-based learning (TBL) to deliver transfusion medicine education to UK postgraduate doctors (residency equivalence). Study Design and Methods One TBL orientation session and three transfusion medicine sessions, mapped to the 2012 Foundation Programme curriculum, were designed adhering to TBL principles. These were delivered by one tutor during ‘compulsory’ (except rota commitments and leave) educational sessions. Team continuity plus trainee reaction, knowledge acquisition and behaviour were evaluated. Results Forty-eight doctors received a mean 2.5 TBL sessions. Five teams were developed with average team membership of 5.85 doctors per session. Overall team continuity (total team members attending/potential team members × 100) was 65% over the four sessions. Qualitative and quantitative trainee reaction to TBL was positive. Objective knowledge acquisition showed improved team knowledge over individual knowledge. Mean team readiness assurance testing (RAT) score exceeded maximum individual RAT score in 90% of cases. Subjective knowledge acquisition significantly improved, although confidence concerning prescribing declined. The reported time spent preparing for sessions correlated with enjoyment, subjective knowledge gain and clinical confidence. Preparation time was reported as ‘adequate’ or ‘excellent’ in 86% of anonymous feedback. Conclusion TBL is an enjoyable and effective approach to deliver transfusion education to doctors, particularly when preparation is adequate. Team continuity is poor despite ‘compulsory’ education sessions. This must be considered when designing and delivering TBL sessions in the UK postgraduate medical setting.

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Villardón-Gallego, Lourdes, Lara Yáñez-Marquina, Lirio Flores-Moncada, and Virginia Ros-Vitorica. "Design and Validation of Transversal Competences Assessment Instrument (TCAI) in Compulsory Secondary Education." Estudios sobre Educación 42 (February 23, 2022): 147–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.15581/004.42.007.

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The basic competences (such as Information Acquisition and Management; Understanding and Expression of Information and Emotions; Competence to Do and Undertake; Competence to Live Together; and Competence to Be) are necessary to achieve adequate personal, social and professional development. This study develops and validates, through Confirmatory Factor Analysis, an instrument for assessing them. Data were collected from 751 secondary students, with ages ranging from 11 to 18. The results confirm the structure of the instrument, comprising five independent scales. The instrument is valid for its application, either as a whole or separately.

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Sasykin, K. Yu. "Compulsory Licensing in the Pharmaceutical Market: History and Practice." Siberian Law Review 19, no. 3 (August 22, 2022): 267–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.19073/2658-7602-2022-19-3-267-280.

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In the pharmaceutical industry, the development of a new invention – a drug, the acquisition of a patent and the introduction into civil circulation by the developers spend significant resources in material and time. In this regard, drugs are attractive for falsification, and attempts are also being made to reproduce the imitation of original drugs, which requires special attention to the protection of the rights of patent holders. Obtaining a patent for an invention provides an exclusive right to its owner, being a kind of state gratitude for ensuring innovative progress, and, on the other hand, carries significant threats due to the possible dishonesty of patent owners, which, according to the Author, taking into account the latest challenges of the time, requires no less attention in terms of providing protective mechanisms against abuse. Since the availability of medicines is one of the main tasks of national health care, the Author raised the actual problem of applying one of these mechanisms in domestic law, namely the mechanism for issuing compulsory licenses for medicines as inventions (compulsory licensing). The article contains a brief historical outline of the foreign application of such institutions, analyzes domestic regulation and law enforcement practice, on the basis of which theses are put forward on the need for additional legal regulation.

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Martín, José Luis Ortega, Imke B. Hameleers, Juan-Manuel Trujillo-Torres, and Antonio-José Moreno-Guerrero. "A Comparison between Collaborative and Individual Writings in Promoting Motivation and Language Acquisition." Sustainability 12, no. 19 (September 25, 2020): 7959. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12197959.

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The study refers to collaborative writing. The main objective of this study is to show the effects of collaborative writing in the acquisition of the English language upon students of non-compulsory secondary education. The applied study is grounded on a quantitative focus of correlational character and descriptive basis, while applying a quasi-experimental design with a control group (CG) and an experimental group (EG). The results show that there is a significant relation that favors the method of collaborative writing upon the dimensions of feedback, motivation, collaboration, satisfaction, and ratings. It can be concluded that the collaborative writing method is effective if compared to the individual learning method.

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Zaradkiewicz, Kamil. "Consideration for the establishment of the so-called compulsory easement." Nieruchomości@ IV, no. IV (December 31, 2022): 9–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0016.1606.

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The article is devoted to the analysis of the nature of consideration which may be due when a property owner (or, in the case of the so-called “transmission easement”, an entrepreneur) may demand the establishment of a special type of easement, i.e., the so-called “compulsory easement”. The establishment of a compulsory easement may be claimed in court and is always associated with the obligation to grant an equivalent thereof in the form of an appropriate consideration. It may take the form of a one-off benefit, although it need not have to be expressed in money. The consideration is not a form of compensation for damage, but in fact it is a kind of price paid in exchange for the acquisition of a limited right in rem. Due to the nature and duration of the encumbrance, a judicial award of a periodic compensation would have been more reasonable, but it is de lege lata inadmissible. In this regard, it would be advisable to make appropriate modifications to the Civil Code, including the restoration of the institution of real burdens.

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Parker, David. "Compensation for disturbance in New South Wales: value vs cost." Journal of Property Investment & Finance 37, no. 3 (April 10, 2019): 311–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jpif-01-2019-0005.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore compensation for compulsorily acquired businesses in the pre-statutory value to the owner regime compared to the post-statutory cost and loss to the owner regime. Design/methodology/approach The study involved researching decisions of the NSW Land and Environment Court and appellate courts in the pre- and post-statutory regimes. It also involved the identification of value to owner compensation in pre-statutory decisions and comparison with costs and loss to owner compensation in post-statutory decisions. Findings The study found that the few post-statutory decisions on disturbance compensation for compulsorily acquired businesses appear inconsistent with the provisions of the statute; however, the value vs cost debate has not yet been fully tested in the courts. Research limitations/implications The research is limited by the number and types of cases brought before the primary court and the number and types of cases then brought before the appellate courts. Practical implications With recent decisions in the post-statutory regime adopting a more clinical interpretation of the Act concerning other heads of claim for disturbance, future cases before the courts may be expected to have a greater focus on the value vs cost issue for compensation claims for compulsorily acquired businesses. Social implications Compensation based on a clinical interpretation of cost or loss arising from the compulsory acquisition of a business in the post-statutory regime may result in inequitable compensation to the acquired party, failing the primary provision of the Act to justly compensate for the acquisition. Originality/value While conceptual differences between cost and value were considered and distinguished long ago in the valuation discipline in Australia and overseas, this is the first time they have emerged in the legal discipline in Australia through specific statutory wording.

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King, R., and DK Sumbo. "Implications of compulsory land acquisition and compensation in Ghana: a case study of land acquisition for the Suame-Buoho road reconstruction in Kumasi." Journal of Science and Technology (Ghana) 35, no. 2 (October 16, 2015): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/just.v35i2.10.

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Nastina, Olga. "Peculiarities of legal regulation of compulsory termination of land ownership in the conditions of the legal regime of martial law in Ukraine." ScienceRise: Juridical Science, no. 1(19) (March 31, 2022): 24–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/2523-4153.2022.254212.

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The purpose of the study is to analyze the principles of land law regulation and the legal framework for the forced termination of private ownership of land and the acquisition of state ownership of land under martial law. The following scientific tasks are solved in the article: the content of some grounds for termination of private ownership of land plots, which are the grounds for state acquisition of land ownership under the legal regime of martial law; the procedure of compulsory alienation and seizure of land plots under martial law is analyzed, gaps in the current legislation are identified and ways of settling legal conflicts are proposed. The elaboration of the topic is based on the provisions of the general theory of land and civil law, where, taking into account the latest advances in science, conceptual recommendations are provided for building a legal structure of forced termination of land ownership. The research was conducted on the basis of an analysis of the provisions of Ukrainian civil and land legislation, measures of forced alienation and seizure of land. The article provides coverage of current issues and legislative features of the termination of private ownership of land and the acquisition of state rights of landowners under martial law. The existence of the procedure of forced alienation of property, the procedure of forced seizure of property in favor of the state, different in form, content and mechanism in the legal regulation, is explained. The forcible termination of the right of private ownership of land under martial law entails the acquisition by the state of the rights of the owner. Compulsory alienation of land must follow the advance payment of alienation; the procedure for withdrawing land for the needs of the state may provide for the following reimbursement. Proposed ways to resolve legal conflicts by systematizing the grounds for state acquisition of property rights in martial law and filling gaps in legislation, by developing a separate mechanism that regulates the procedure of forced expropriation of land in martial law, decisions to determine the list of land, for which forced expropriation or seizure of land may be applied.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Compulsory acquisition'

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