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Journal articles on the topic 'Computer-aided ship design'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

YOUNIS, G. "COMPUTER AIDED SHIP DESIGN ECONOMICS." International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering 1, no. 1 (May 1, 1986): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.1986.52572.

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2

Mansour, Alaa E., and A. Thayamballi. "Computer-aided ship structural design." Finite Elements in Analysis and Design 1, no. 4 (December 1985): 341–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-874x(85)90031-9.

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3

Pawling, Richard, and David Andrews. "Design Sketching for Computer Aided Preliminary Ship Design." Ship Technology Research 58, no. 3 (September 2011): 182–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/str.2011.58.3.006.

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4

Parsons, Michael G., and Klaus-Peter Beier. "Microcomputer Software for Computer-Aided Ship Design." Marine Technology and SNAME News 24, no. 03 (July 1, 1987): 246–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/mt1.1987.24.3.246.

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The rapid evolution of the microcomputer has changed the software needs of today's naval architects. The Department of Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering at The University of Michigan has been a leader in the application of computers in ship design education. The computer environment readily available to the department's students has changed dramatically in the past few years with the evolution of the Computer-Aided Marine Design Laboratory within the department and the creation of the Computer Aided Engineering Network (CAEN) within the College of Engineering. The microcomputer facilities available to the students are briefly described. To fully integrate this capability into the department's curriculum, a coordinated suite of computer-aided ship design software has been developed for use on the Macintosh and IBM-PC/XT/AT microcomputers provided for the students. To support the use of this and other software on a wide range of computers, a portable, device-independent computer graphics subprogram package M-PLOT has been developed. The educational philosophy behind this design software and its scope, capabilities, and use in ship design education are described. Examples of the use of selected programs are presented to illustrate these capabilities. Plans for further work are outlined. The effort is well toward the goal of a complete, microcomputer-based ship design software environment.

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Amerongen, J. van, and P. P. J. van den Bosch. "Computer Aided Design of Ship Control Systems." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 18, no. 8 (July 1985): 349–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1474-6670(17)60394-x.

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6

Nowacki, Horst. "Five decades of Computer-Aided Ship Design." Computer-Aided Design 42, no. 11 (November 2010): 956–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cad.2009.07.006.

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7

José Legaz, M. "Computer aided ship design: a brief overview." SeMA Journal 72, no. 1 (October 22, 2015): 47–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40324-015-0048-7.

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8

Papanikolaou, Apostolos D. "Holistic ship design optimization: merchant and naval ships." Ciencia y tecnología de buques 5, no. 9 (July 23, 2011): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.25043/19098642.48.

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The present paper provides a brief introduction to a holistic approach to ship design optimization, defines the generic ship design optimization problem, and demonstrates its solution by using advanced optimization techniques for the computer-aided generation, exploration, and selection of optimal designs. It discusses proposed methods on the basis of some typical ship design optimization problems of cargo and naval ships related to multiple objectives, leading to improved and partly innovative design features with respect to ships’ economy, cargo carrying capacity, safety, survivability, comfort, required powering, environmental protection, or combat strength, as applicable.

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9

Meler-Kapcia, Maria. "Algorithm for searching out similar ships within expert system of computer aided preliminary design of ship power plant." Polish Maritime Research 15, no. 3 (October 1, 2008): 92–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10012-007-0089-7.

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Algorithm for searching out similar ships within expert system of computer aided preliminary design of ship power plant This paper presents an algorithm for searching out similar ships, implemented in a hybrid system for aiding preliminary design of ship power plant, based on new similarity functions as well as those adapted from literature sources. For searching out similar ships a multicriterial optimization method of weighed profits was applied.

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Ventura, Manuel, and C. Guedes Soares. "Modelling stiffened plate panels in computer-aided ship design." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part M: Journal of Engineering for the Maritime Environment 230, no. 1 (May 13, 2014): 55–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1475090214531249.

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UMEZAKI, Kazuo. "On the Synthetic Ship Design System Aided by Computer." Journal of the Society of Mechanical Engineers 88, no. 794 (1985): 43–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemag.88.794_43.

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12

Van Devender, W. W. "The Use of CAD in Ship Design." Marine Technology and SNAME News 25, no. 01 (January 1, 1988): 36–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/mt1.1988.25.1.36.

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This paper outlines the methods of implementation for computer-aided design (CAD) and manufacturing within the shipbuilding industry. It is intended to show the most productive methods of computer-aided design and manufacturing based on logical research and development within a major shipyard. The differences between conventional methods and 3-D modeling are examined. Each topic is explained briefly to the extent that it is possible to derive positive results from the implementation of 3-D modeling; illustrations stress the point. The results described herein are achievable using current application packages presently available as a result of a commitment of progressive upper-level management to achieve the maximum productivity from the latest technology available.

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13

Ross, Jonathan M. "Integrated Ship Design and Its Role in Enhancing Ship Production." Journal of Ship Production 11, no. 01 (February 1, 1995): 56–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/jsp.1995.11.1.56.

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This paper focuses on an important trend that is increasing shipbuilding productivity: integrating the computer-aided ship design process. The ship design process increasingly is being performed with the help of computer programs, either individual programs that address single aspects of the design or integrated programs composed of modules that address a range of ship design aspects. In the case of integrated computer programs, the ship design process is enhanced through individual program modules sharing their results with each other, preferably from a common database. Modern integrated ship design programs not only improve the efficiency of ship design, they also improve the efficiency and ease of ship production, from lofting and numerical cutting to providing workshop drawings and production information.

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Karczewski, Artur, and Janusz Kozak. "Variant Designing in the Preliminary Small Ship Design Process." Polish Maritime Research 24, no. 2 (June 27, 2017): 77–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pomr-2017-0052.

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Abstract Ship designing is a complex process, as the ship itself is a complex, technical multi-level object which operates in the air/water boundary environment and is exposed to the action of many different external and internal factors resulting from the adopted technical solutions, type of operation, and environmental conditions. A traditional ship design process consists of a series of subsequent multistage iterations, which gradually increase the design identification level. The paper presents problems related to the design of a small untypical vessel with the aid of variant methodology making use of optimisation algorithms. The computer-aided design methodology has been developed which does not need permanent reference to already built real ships and empirical-statistical relations. Possibilities were indicated for integrating together early design stages, and parallel designing of hull shape and parameters.

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15

Katsoulis, T., X. Wang, and P. D. Kaklis. "A T-splines-based parametric modeller for computer-aided ship design." Ocean Engineering 191 (November 2019): 106433. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2019.106433.

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16

Kopczynski, Andrzej. "Hybrid Expert System for Computer-Aided Design of Ship Thruster Subsystems." IEEE Access 8 (2020): 57024–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2982264.

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17

Heo, Heeyoung, Hyun Chung, Junggoo Park, and Seokhee Won. "Compensation of welding shrinkage in ship production by integrating computer-aided design and computer-aided engineering in a design for assembly technique." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part M: Journal of Engineering for the Maritime Environment 229, no. 2 (December 18, 2013): 174–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1475090213509610.

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18

Rao, M. N. Keshava, M. V. Dharaneepathy, S. Gomathinayagam, K. Ramaraju, P. K. Chakravorty, and P. K. Mishra. "Computer-Aided Alignment of Ship Propulsion Shafts by Strain-Gage Methods." Marine Technology and SNAME News 28, no. 02 (March 1, 1991): 84–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/mt1.1991.28.2.84.

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A generalized procedure to compute all bearing reactions using finite-element and strain-gage techniques is explained. A computational algorithm for computing optimum bearing offsets both for new design as well as existing ships to get optimum bearing reactions is presented along with a numerical example. Advantages of the strain-gage method over other methods in working out a proper shaft alignment are described. A procedure to estimate the existing reactions in all bearings with the aid of strain gages, even for the case of three inaccessible bearings, is explained. By this feature, the strain-gage method is shown to be complete in itself and need not be supplemented by other conventional methods. An ideal architecture for shaft alignment computer software is explained. A technique for online shaft diagnosis in operational conditions using strain gages and onboard computers is shown.

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19

Yeo, Dong Jin, Moohyun Cha, and Duhwan Mun. "Simulating ship and buoy motions arising from ocean waves in a ship handling simulator." SIMULATION 88, no. 12 (July 16, 2012): 1407–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0037549712452128.

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A ship’s real-time three-dimensional (3D) visualization system, a component of a handling simulator, is one of its most important components, since realistic and intuitive image generation play an essential role in improving the effects of education using ship navigation simulators. Ship handling simulators should have capabilities of calculating ship motions (heave, pitch, and roll) at any given sea state and display the calculated motions through a real-time 3D visualization system. The motion solver of a ship handling simulator calculates those motions in addition to maneuverings for an own ship, the main simulation target, but only provides maneuvering information about traffic ships. Therefore, it is required to simulate traffic ship and buoy motions arising from ocean waves in a ship handling simulator for realistic visualization. In this paper, the authors propose a simple dynamics model by which ship and buoy motions are calculated with the input data of wave height and discuss a method for the implementation of a ship and buoy motion calculation module. The feasibility of the proposed dynamics model and the motion calculation module has been demonstrated through the development of a prototype real-time 3D visualization system based on an open-source 3D graphics engine.

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20

Briggs, T., B. Gischner, P. Lazo, P. Lazo, A. Royal, and R. Wood. "Product Data Exchange to Support Modeling and Simulation." Journal of Ship Production 21, no. 03 (August 1, 2005): 160–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/jsp.2005.21.3.160.

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Successful and efficient exchange of product model data has been a major challenge in the shipbuilding industry for the past two decades. The Standard for the Exchange of Product Model Data (STEP) has been developed to enable this capability. Four STEP application protocols (APs) to facilitate the exchange of structural and distributed systems models in shipbuilding were completed in 2003 and were adopted by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) by mid-2004. In August 2003, ISO 10303–216: Ship Moulded Forms (AP216) became the first shipbuilding STEP AP to be published as an international standard. Participants involved in these efforts represent several major US shipyards, the Navy, and their computer-aided design/ engineering (CAD/CAE) vendors. The thrust of shipbuilding data exchange efforts has now shifted from development to implementation. This paper will report on efforts to develop and use translators for this AP to exchange hull form product data in the ship modeling and simulation arena. In addition, process simulation is becoming common in the design of new ships to validate that the design meets the customer's specifications. Current technology requires that the ship be modeled both in the computer-aided design (CAD) environment and then repeated in the simulation workbench. Not only is this effort inefficient, but it is inherently error prone. Through the National Shipbuilding Research Program (NSRP)-sponsored Integrated Shipbuilding Environment (ISE) projects, we have developed tool sets that use AP227: Plant Spatial Configuration to permit the design to flow smoothly from the CAD workbench to the simulation workbench. This paper summarizes the efforts to develop and use a suite of tools that enables US shipyards to become more productive. It details the specific successes in using AP216 and AP227 for modeling and simulation, as well as efforts to exchange design data electronically between CAD systems. The report also outlines efforts that are underway to use other APs to successfully exchange data describing ship electrical; heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning (HVAC); and controls systems.

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21

Cui, Hao, Osman Turan, and Philip Sayer. "Learning-based ship design optimization approach." Computer-Aided Design 44, no. 3 (March 2012): 186–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cad.2011.06.011.

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22

Computervision Ltd and Vosper Thornycroft (UK) Ltd. "Computerised system applied to ship design." Computer-Aided Design 19, no. 5 (June 1987): 280. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0010-4485(87)90278-8.

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23

Okumoto, Yasuhisa, Kentaro Hiyoku, and Noritaka Uesugi. "Simulation-Based Ship Production Using Three-Dimensional CAD." Journal of Ship Production 22, no. 03 (August 1, 2006): 155–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/jsp.2006.22.3.155.

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The application of three-dimensional computer-aided design (CAD) is becoming more popular for design and production in many industrial fields, and digital manufacturing is spreading. With preconstruction simulation of the production process using a three-dimensional digital model, which is a core of a computer-integrated manufacturing (CIM) system, the efficiency and safety of production can be improved at each stage of work and optimization of manufacturing can be achieved. This paper first describes the concept of simulation-based production in shipbuilding and digital manufacturing. The three-dimensional CAD system is indispensable for effective simulation because the ship structure is three-dimensionally complex, and threedimensional viewer software enables workers to examine structures on a computer display. With simulation, computer-optimized manufacturing is possible. Simulation is most effective for jobs in which many parties must cooperate to handle structures or equipment of complex shape. Two-dimensional drawings are inadequate for imaging whole figures in such cases. Some examples of the successful applications in IHI Marine United, Inc., are shown: erection of a complex hull block, scaffolding planning, and installation of a rudder.

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Grogan, G. R., and J. L. Borthen. "Performing Detailed Design Reviews of a US Navy Surface Combatant within an Integrated Data Environment." Journal of Ship Production and Design 26, no. 01 (February 1, 2010): 66–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/jspd.2010.26.1.66.

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Between November 2006 and March 2009, the US Navy's first Zumwalt class guided missile destroyer, DDG 1000, underwent detailed design. According to a Government Accountability Office shipbuilding study in 2005, late changes to a ship's design is recognized as the primary factor contributing to increasing ship construction costs. Therefore, a strict detailed design review process was implemented for DDG 1000 that included improved computer-aided design tools and more efficient communication methods than previous ship detailed design efforts. The actual benefit of the design reviews of the ZUMWALT class will not truly be known until after the lead ship has been commissioned; however, the design reviews, along with the unprecedented involvement by stakeholders via an integrated data environment, have already proved to be an effective means for reducing the probability that setbacks will be encountered at the waterfront.

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25

Chen, Si-Wei, Xing-Chao Cui, Xue-Song Wang, and Shun-Ping Xiao. "Speckle-Free SAR Image Ship Detection." IEEE Transactions on Image Processing 30 (2021): 5969–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tip.2021.3089936.

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26

Kowalewski, Tomasz, Antoni Podsiadło, and Wiesław Tarełko. "Application of fuzzy inference to assessment of degree of hazard to ship power plant operator." Polish Maritime Research 14, no. 3 (July 1, 2007): 7–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10012-007-0012-2.

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Application of fuzzy inference to assessment of degree of hazard to ship power plant operator This paper presents application of fuzzy logic to assessment of degree of hazard to ship power plant operator. For the assessment a system of computer-aided identification of hazardous zone within ship power plant, was used. The system's variables representing the subject-matter knowledge in safety design area were transformed into fuzzy sets by means of appropriate linguistic variables and membership functions. The assessing of safety level of operator with the use of fuzzy inference was performed by means of an expert system programmed in the PROLOG LPA language.

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27

Narh, Ebru, and Kadir Sariöz. "Geometrical Variation and Distortion of Ship Hull Forms." Marine Technology and SNAME News 40, no. 04 (October 1, 2003): 239–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/mt1.2003.40.4.239.

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Because of the risk involved with starting the hull form design from scratch, the designer most frequently initiates the hull form design process with a parent form that has satisfactory hydrodynamic performance. Hence, linear and nonlinear variation and distortion techniques have found wide applications in the hull form design studies. Some of these methods are simple and easy to apply by practicing naval architects, whereas others may be considered too complicated and difficult to use without simplifications. Existing and emerging techniques to distort a parent ship hull form are discussed and applied to a typical ship form. These techniques range from a simple one minus prismatic method to complex nonlinear distortions and include emerging computer-aided design (CAD) methods, such as shape averaging. The applications indicate that the techniques presented can be safely applied to conventional ship hull forms. The advantages and drawbacks of these methods are discussed, and numerical results are presented.

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28

Goldan, Michael, and Robert J. G. A. Kroon. "As-Built Product Modeling and Reverse Engineering in Shipbuilding Through Combined Digital Photogrammetry and CAD/CAM Technology." Journal of Ship Production 19, no. 02 (May 1, 2003): 98–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/jsp.2003.19.2.98.

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Ship repair, as a technological "lesser brother" of shipbuilding, still contains major elements of manual labor. In the past years, ship repair and the conversion of ships and offshore structures came to rely increasingly on modern computer-aided design and manufacturing (CAD and CAM) information systems for speedy generation of the required engineering information. An often-encountered problem is the lack of product information in electronic form or in any other form. Such information is needed for engineering of new parts for damaged or converted ships and platforms. In such cases one needs to build the virtual product model from the existing as-built object up to an engineering-detail level; hence, the terms "as-built modeling" and "reverse engineering." The paper presents the results of a multiyear project with the code name AMORES, which focuses on improving lead time and economic efficiency in ship and offshore platform repair and conversion in the Netherlands. Existing and newly developed photogrammetric measuring techniques were used to generate as-built models of double curved three-dimensional surfaces of ships and platforms. These were fed into standard CAD/CAM systems to engineer and manufacture new ship hull or platform parts to replace damaged areas. The main advantages of the new method are savings in lead time (measurements, engineering) and the replacing of costly manual labor by modern digital photogrammetry. The paper will focus on the new developments, the experienced difficulties, and the advantages of this new technique in ship repair.

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29

McNeal, J. C., H. G. Nilsen, and J. J. Mathews. "CAD/CAM Applications to Mass Properties." Journal of Ship Production 1, no. 02 (May 1, 1985): 79–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/jsp.1985.1.2.79.

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In the shipbuilding industry, it is relatively common knowledge that CAD/CAM (Computer Aided Design/ Computer Aided Manufacturing) systems can generate accurate and consistent drawings. These drawings can then be used for production support lofting, parts generation, reference material and so forth. However, one of the most significant advantages of utilizing a CAD/CAM system is not so commonly known: the development of a design database. While conventional computer systems generate, store and analyze numerical or textual databases or both, CAD/CAM systems generate, store and analyze data bases of graphics. This paper illustrates methods which optimize use of a graphic data base, focusing on the application of CAD/CAM analytical capabilities to mass properties analyses (as practiced in naval ship design). These methods are results of combining CAD/CAM technology with existing systems and knowledge to achieve cost-effective, technically superior, more accurate methods of performing engineering tasks. Accordingly, methodology, actual productivity comparisons and other related applications are presented.

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30

Oetter, Rolf, Christopher D. Barry, Lawrence A. DeCan, and Paul F. Sorensen. "Integrating Manufacturing and Life Cycle Information Into the Product Model." Journal of Ship Production 20, no. 04 (November 1, 2004): 221–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/jsp.2004.20.4.221.

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The power of the integrated product model can be extended well beyond the mere definition of geometry, and this extension offers significant benefits to shipbuilders. The nature of computer-aided design/manufacturing (CAD/CAM) data allows use of arbitrarily extensible linked databases, which can contain any other information that might be useful for manufacture, production engineering, procurement, and even maintenance and operation of the ship throughout its life cycle.

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31

Esteban, Segundo, Jose M. Giron-Sierra, Bonifacio de Andres-Toro, and Jesus M. de la Cruz. "Development of a Control-Oriented Model of the Vertical Motions of a Fast Ferry." Journal of Ship Research 48, no. 03 (September 1, 2004): 218–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/jsr.2004.48.3.218.

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As a main part of a research study on the control of active flaps and a T-foil of a high-speed ferry, a control-oriented model of vertical motions of the ship has been developed. The objective of the control is to improve comfort, decreasing the impact of heave and pitch motions. We have experimental data from a towing tank institution and simulations with PRECAL. The model is based on a decomposition of the physic phenomena into two main aspects: the coupling of the ship with distance between waves and the dynamics of a semisubmerged mass. The model can be handled with MATLAB-SIMULINK, which is useful for studying control strategies. The model shows good agreement (model validation) with the experimental and simulated data for regular and irregular waves. The article shows a methodology, based on MATLAB tools, for obtaining control-oriented models from computer-aided design (CAD)–based programs. That means that the control-oriented model can be derived from the ship design, even before the ship is built.

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32

Spicknall, Mark H., and Michael Wade. "Reducing the Construction Contract Cycle for Naval Auxiliary Ships." Journal of Ship Production 9, no. 02 (May 1, 1993): 121–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/jsp.1993.9.2.121.

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A Mid-Term Fast Sealift Technology Development Program producibility study was undertaken by the Manufacturing Systems Division (Code 125) of the Naval Surface Warfare Center, Carderock Division for the Naval Sea Systems Command Computer Aided Engineering Division, Ship Design and Engineering Directorate, SEA 507. The producibility project team was initially tasked to identify and evaluate possible design improvements with regard to their potential impact upon the cost of construction for the Baseline 0a rough-order-of-magnitude geared-diesel option. This particular design variant is a 30-knot twin-screw, 289 m (948 ft) roll-on/roll-off vessel with four 18 PC4.2V medium-speed diesels producing 85 619 kW (114 817 hp) of installed power. The construction cost estimate developed by NAVSEA for the variant is $385 million per ship. In addition to the NAVSEA-assigned task, the team reviewed the producibility aspects of the Navy auxiliary ship procurement process with regard to finding methods that would facilitate major reductions in the construction contract cycle, as time is now recognized as a major cost driver in ship procurement. The construction contract cycle is defined as the amount of time from construction contract award to delivery, and was estimated by NAVSEA to be 42 months for the subject ship.

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33

Ha, Jisang, Myung-Il Roh, and Hye-Won Lee. "Quantitative calculation method of the collision risk for collision avoidance in ship navigation using the CPA and ship domain." Journal of Computational Design and Engineering 8, no. 3 (May 13, 2021): 894–909. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jcde/qwab021.

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Abstract Collision risk (CR) assessment is necessary for avoiding collisions with other ships. The CR can be used to make decisions on collision avoidance. In this respect, the ship domain and the closest point of approach (CPA)-based methods have been proposed to assess the CRs. However, the ship domain method is limited in terms of the quantitative calculation of the CR, whereas the CPA-based method does not guarantee reliable collision avoidance. In this study, an improved method is proposed for the quantitative calculation of the CR in ship navigation that combines the advantages of two existing methods. The proposed method calculates the CR using the CPA and defines the ship domain as a critical value of the CR to ensure reliable collision avoidance. In this process, the CR value of another ship on the boundary of the ship domain is calculated as 1, which implies that collision occurs, and the coefficients for the CR calculation are adjusted considering the distance from the ship domain. Furthermore, the manoeuvring performance and the heading angle of the ships are considered in the calculation of the CR. To evaluate the proposed method, it is applied to various examples, including a comparison with previous methods. The results show that the proposed method can be used to obtain a quantitative CR for collision avoidance.

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34

Hoang, Cong, Elena Avksentieva, and Yuriy Fedosov. "Forming an individual trajectory of teaching computer-aided design by means of an intelligent adaptive system." Ergodesign 2021, no. 1 (March 30, 2021): 41–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.30987/2658-4026-2021-1-41-48.

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The aim of the work is to increase the efficiency of teaching computer-aided design of printed circuit boards of ship integrated control systems (CAD PCB SICS) with forming an individual learning path, in which there is a need to move from traditional teaching to intelligent adaptive training. The research method is to analyze the peculiarities of forming an individual trajectory of teaching CAD PCB. Research results and novelty: an algorithm for implementing the training course at intelligent adaptive teaching CAD PCB SICS is developed; an algorithm for determining the complexity level of educational material for teaching CAD PCB by study priority is developed; Kohonen's algorithm for forming an intelligent adaptive environment of the educational process of teaching CAD PCB SICS is considered; an algorithm for adaptive testing with forming individual trajectories of teaching CAD PCB SICS is developed taking into account the student’s preferences and individual characteristics.

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35

Caprace, J. D., and P. Rigo. "A real-time assessment of the ship design complexity." Computer-Aided Design 44, no. 3 (March 2012): 203–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cad.2010.12.005.

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36

Beames, Colin J. "3D modelling and model management applied to ship design." Computer-Aided Design 19, no. 10 (December 1987): 560–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0010-4485(87)90094-7.

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37

Krulikowski, Joseph, Peter Sparacino, and Anthony Giordano. "Integration of Measurements and Maneuvering Technologies Used to Modify Caisson." Journal of Ship Production 9, no. 03 (August 1, 1993): 181–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/jsp.1993.9.3.181.

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The modification of the caisson in a dry dock is in many ways more difficult than conventional ship modifications. This is because of the accuracy required, location of the measurements, and the size of the structure. The development of computer-based multi-headed electronic theodolite systems made it possible to extract accurate data on large structures. These data were formatted so they could be input directly into a computer-aided design system. The multi-headed electronic theodolite system was used to transfer new design information directly to the structure. The caisson structure was modified and moved safely into position with the aid of a water castor system for final assembly. Final dimension checks verified the accuracy of the system.

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38

Varela, Jose M., and C. Guedes Soares. "A Virtual Environment for Decision Support in Ship Damage Control." IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications 27, no. 4 (July 2007): 58–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mcg.2007.74.

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39

Yang, H. Z., J. F. Chen, N. Ma, and D. Y. Wang. "Implementation of knowledge-based engineering methodology in ship structural design." Computer-Aided Design 44, no. 3 (March 2012): 196–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cad.2011.06.012.

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Lee, Jang Hyun, Seung Hyun Kim, and Kyungho Lee. "Integration of evolutional BOMs for design of ship outfitting equipment." Computer-Aided Design 44, no. 3 (March 2012): 253–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cad.2011.07.009.

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Moen, Dennis. "Application of Zone Logic and Outfit Planning Concepts to Overhaul, Modernization, and Repair of U.S. Navy Ships." Journal of Ship Production 1, no. 04 (November 1, 1985): 238–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/jsp.1985.1.4.238.

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This paper presents the experience of Puget Sound Naval Shipyard in applying zone logic and outfit planning concepts to the overhaul, modernization, and repair of an aircraft carrier, three cruisers, and a submarine. Procedures were developed to involve design, production, testing, and material personnel in the overhaul process from preplanning through completion of the production phase, with the resulting synergism and open communication. The systems approach was replaced with zone by stage sequenced work packaging with as much work as possible done off the ship. Computer Aided Design (CAD) and photogrammetry were applied to enhance preplanning and off-ship work. Puget Sound Naval Shipyard's application of zone logic is drawn from the research managed by the Maritime Administration's National Shipbuilding Research Program which has introduced the highly successful scientific shipbuilding systems developed in Japan. In brief, this concept represents a shift in logic from system to zone orientation.

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Carr, Bruce A., Thomas M. Houlihan, and Michael A. Polini. "CAD/CAM in Phased Maintenance." Journal of Ship Production 7, no. 04 (November 1, 1991): 234–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/jsp.1991.7.4.234.

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The authors' company is a medium-sized engineering company specializing in naval ship repair. The bulk of corporate work centers on the Phased Maintenance (PM) of three classes of ships. Typically, each PM contract covers three to five different ships per class scheduled for 90-day Availabilities at approximately one-year intervals over a period of five years. The type of work to be performed during each Phased Maintenance Availability (PMA) falls into one of two categories: ship alterations or ship repairs. The first group, ship alterations, is characterized by detailed, long-lead engineering and planning efforts, typically beginning 540 days prior to the vessels's arrival. The second group, ship repairs, makes up the other end of the spectrum with short lead times and compressed service details. The majority of repair items are identified 60 days prior to an Availability, while some are not determined until after the vessel has arrived in the shipyard. The engineering department that services PMA work is composed of three disciplines: structural, mechanical and electrical. The mechanical discipline is further subdivided into the areas of machinery and piping/HVAC. While the nature of PMA work within each discipline is peculiar to the application, the process is similar in each. Reference information is gathered and verified, technical analysis is provided where necessary, and detailed drawings are prepared and submitted for Navy approval prior to shipyard production. All drawings are developed using two-dimensional drafting techniques at various sites by teams of computer-aided design (CAD) input operators utilizing color graphic workstations on a multi-shift basis as required by the workload. Completed drawings are transferred to the engineering site over a network link, where additional workstations are available for engineers to check and correct them as necessary

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Kushner, Guriy Alekseevich, Victor Andreevich Mamontov, and Dmitry Aleksandrovich Volkov. "Methods of determining hydrodynamic bending moments having effect on ship shaft." Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Marine engineering and technologies 2020, no. 3 (August 19, 2020): 47–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.24143/2073-1574-2020-3-47-53.

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The paper considers the problem of engineering systems design in modern shipbuilding, which is based on using the computer-aided design systems. In today’s environment, not all engineering calculations can be implemented in the form of an algorithm for a specific design procedure. One of these calculations is determining the resonant frequency of transverse vibrations of a ship shaft line. Analyzing the parameters of such a dynamic system is a serious task even at the stage of preliminary design. The urgent task in the design and strength calculations of the shaft line is to calculate the hydrodynamic bending moments resulting from the operation of the propeller in an uneven velocity field. There has been presented a software implementation of the semi-empirical methodology for determining the hydrodynamic bending moments acting on ship shaft lines. The main principles of the methodology, the initial data on the vessel hull, and the quantities characterizing the operating mode of the propeller are described. There is proposed a sequence and software implementation of the method for determining hydrodynamic bending moments in the environment of Maple computer algebra. The problem of representing empirical data in the form of bilinear interpolation and interpolation polynomial is solved. The results of a numerical experiment to determine the constant and amplitude values of the hydrodynamic bending moments for shaft shafts of full-scale vessels are presented. The software implementation of the technique proposed made it possible to automate the process of determining external forces in the calculations of the cyclic strength of the propeller shaft at the early stages of the design of the vessel. The research results are in addition to existing automation tools.

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Zhao, Jinlou, and Liqian Yang. "A bi-objective model for vessel emergency maintenance under a condition-based maintenance strategy." SIMULATION 94, no. 7 (December 4, 2017): 609–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0037549717741973.

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When sailing on the open seas, far from onshore dockyards, if a crucial part of the ship’s machinery fails, the ship will experience a costly event that carries a high risk of seriously affecting ship operations. If the ship receives warning of an impending defect, then it can try to sail to a dockyard and simultaneously order the spare parts needed to fix the problem. In this paper, we define this type of maintenance situation as ‘vessel emergency maintenance’. It is a complex problem, due to uncertainties with both the machinery condition development and spare parts delivery. To solve this problem, our paper proposes a bi-objective model under a condition-based maintenance strategy, with the aim of simultaneously minimizing maintenance costs and maximizing ship reliability. Maintenance costs include four things: (1) fuel consumption costs; (2) renting extra vessels; (3) shipping delay penalty costs; and (4) spare parts inventory costs. Ship reliability is represented by the reliability of the ship’s main engine, and can be described through a stochastic process. To solve this bi-objective model, we employ a non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II) to generate the Pareto optimal front of the two objectives. A numerical experiment is presented to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed model. The results indicate that the proposed model can provide emergency maintenance decision support for ship operators while they are sailing at sea.

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de Sendagorta, M., and J. Grases. "A Method for Calculating the Michell and Havelock Integrals." Journal of Ship Research 32, no. 01 (March 1, 1988): 19–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/jsr.1988.32.1.19.

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A method is suggested for analyzing and calculating the Michell and Havelock integrals. In place of the corresponding integral expressions, infinite series are proposed that do not require many terms for accuracy. Shape dependence is presented by way of products of integral functions that define the ship. It is thus possible to analyze the effect of shape variation by varying these functions without integrating them. Velocity dependence is linear with respect to integral functions that are shape-independent and hence suitable for tabulation. Values afforded by the Michell and Havelock integrals are to an extent tied to wave resistance. It is believed that to the same extent the method proposed herein is especially apt for (i) the systematic analysis of ship series and (ii) computer-aided shape design.

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Hand, Steven D., David B. Ober, Bryan A. Bond, and Edward A. Devine. "Dimensional Measurement of a Composite Ship Hull Using Coherent Laser Radar Yielding Submillimeter Results." Journal of Ship Production 20, no. 04 (November 1, 2004): 232–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/jsp.2004.20.4.232.

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The use and result of coherent laser radar as a noncontact method for the dimensional measurement of a ship hull is described. The hull, keel, and deck of a halfscale notional glass-reinforced plastic (fiberglass) composite hull test specimen are measured to submillimeter accuracy and then compared to the computer-aided design (CAD) model for conformance validation. Positives and negatives of this technology are the subject of this paper and include the high accuracy potential of the coherent laser radar, the minimal manpower requirements needed to achieve accurate results, and the limitation of the equipment's digital focal length and its effects on setup and data acquisition.

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Zheng, Yujian, and Pengbo Bo. "Quasi-developable Surface Construction Based on Boundary Curve and Its Application in Ship Hull Design." Journal of Computer-Aided Design & Computer Graphics 30, no. 7 (2018): 1243. http://dx.doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1089.2018.16775.

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Birbanescu-Biran, Adrian. "Classification Systems for Ship Items: A Formal Approach and Its Application." Marine Technology and SNAME News 25, no. 01 (January 1, 1988): 67–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/mt1.1988.25.1.67.

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Calculation of masses and moments of ship items is carried out mainly to establish the main ship dimensions, to assess intact and damage stability and to estimate cost. The mass properties of ship items can be systematically summed over subgroups, groups, and main groups of items if these are classified according to a hierarchical system. The process can be facilitated and eventually automated by assigning each item a classification number that induces the desired hierarchic system. Formal definitions and conventions are presented for constructing such numbers. Accepted classification systems such as SWBS, MARAD, and SFI were analyzed briefly in the light of the proposed formalism and corrections were proposed for the MARAD system. The results of this analysis were used to develop a program for summing mass properties at the level of detail specified by the user, that is, at the level of subgroups, groups, or main groups of ship items. This program was written as part of a computer-aided design system integrated around a relational database. The availability of the program also enabled a significant reduction of the redundancy of stored data.

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Pigounakis, Kostis G., Nickolas S. Sapidis, and Panagiotis D. Kaklis. "Fairing Spatial B-Spline Curves." Journal of Ship Research 40, no. 04 (December 1, 1996): 351–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/jsr.1996.40.4.351.

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Three-dimensional curves are playing an increasing role in ship-hull modeling and many other areas of computer-aided design (CAD). The problem of evaluating and improving the fairness of such a curve is considered and three solutions (algorithms) are proposed representing all major methodologies currently pursued by CAD researchers: local fairing by knot removal, and local/global fairing based on "energy" minimization. The performance of the algorithms is studied for both cubic and quintic B-splines using realistic test cases. Finally, a comparison with existing techniques is presented and some visualization tools for spatial-curve fairing are briefly discussed.

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ABLAEV, A. R. "ANALYSIS OF THE METHODS OF DESIGNING THE COOLERS OF THE SYSTEMS OF SUPPORTING THE HEAT REGIME OF SHIP ENERGY INSTALLATIONS." Fundamental and Applied Problems of Engineering and Technology 6 (2020): 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.33979/2073-7408-2020-344-6-11-16.

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The design methods for shipboard shell-and-tube oil and water coolers are presented. As a result of the review, it was revealed that currently there is no systematic and complete methodological support for the integrated computer-aided design of ship heat exchangers (CAD SHE), which in turn would be integrated into the CAD / CAM / CAE system and later on into the production preparation. From the analysis it follows that not all operating conditions of ship power plants are provided with an oil cooler. This is due to the fact that the surface of the cooler and its flow characteristics were calculated only on the nominal mode, and other operating characteristics were not evaluated. The complexity of the work of ship oil and water coolers lies in the fact that the parameters of the heat load on these devices change, the temperature and salinity of the outboard water change depending on the navigation area. Determining the effect of the oil cooler on changing the power of the power plant when the characteristics of the cooling coolant (seawater) change, such as initial temperature, flow rate, salinity, without additional testing in each mode is difficult. It is also difficult to change the salinity and temperature of the seawater during the tests. Thus, the designer of the power plant does not know how the mode of its operation will change when the ship (ship) in the World Ocean is different. This indicates the need to improve the methods of thermal and hydrodynamic calculations of SHE with their integration into the overall design system. Under these conditions, the problem of using integrated CAD SHE is of particular relevance.

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