Academic literature on the topic 'Computer-assisted telephone interviews (CATI)'
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Journal articles on the topic "Computer-assisted telephone interviews (CATI)"
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Cecatti, Jose Guilherme, Rodrigo P. S. Camargo, Rodolfo Carvalho Pacagnella, Thaís Giavarotti, João Paulo Souza, Mary Angela Parpinelli, and Maria José Duarte Osis. "Computer-assisted telephone interviewing (CATI): using the telephone for obtaining information on reproductive health." Cadernos de Saúde Pública 27, no. 9 (September 2011): 1801–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-311x2011000900013.
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The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of using computer assisted telephone interviewing (CATI) as a method for obtaining information on reproductive health in Brazil. A total of 998 eligible women for the study were selected to answer a questionnaire through computer- assisted telephone interviewing undertaken by trained interviewers. The outcomes of each telephone contact attempt were described. Differences between groups were assessed using the χ2 test. Phone contact was made in 60.3% of the attempts and 57.5% of the interviews were completed. The success rate improved with the decrease in time from hospitalization to interview and with the higher numbers of telephones available. A total of 2,170 calls were made, comprising of one to sixteen attempts per woman. The majority of situations where extra calls were necessary were due to the number being busy or to the fact that the woman was not available at the time of the call. CATI can prove be a valuable procedure for obtaining information on reproductive health among Brazilian women, particularly for relatively recent events and when more than one alternative telephone number is available.
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Ketola, E. "Computer-assisted telephone interview (CATI) in primary care." Family Practice 16, no. 2 (April 1, 1999): 179–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/fampra/16.2.179.
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de Leeuw, Edith, and William Nicholls. "Technological Innovations in Data Collection: Acceptance, Data Quality and Costs." Sociological Research Online 1, no. 4 (December 1996): 23–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5153/sro.50.
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Whether computer assisted data collection methods should be used for survey data collection is no longer an issue. Most professional research organizations, commercial, government and academic, are adopting these new methods with enthusiasm. Computer assisted telephone interviewing (CATI) is most prevalent, and computer assisted personal interviewing (CAPI) is rapidly gaining in popularity. Also, new forms of electronic reporting of data using computers, telephones and voice recognition technology are emerging. This paper begins with a taxonomy of current computer assisted data collection methods. It then reviews conceptual and theoretical arguments and empirical evidence on such topics as: (1) respondents and interviewer acceptance of new techniques, (2) effect of computer assisted interviewing on data quality, (3) consequences for survey costs and (4) centralized vs. decentralized deployment of CATI.
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Killias, Martin. "New Methodological Perspectives for Victimization Surveys: The Potentials of Computer-Assisted Telephone Surveys and Some Related Innovations." International Review of Victimology 1, no. 2 (January 1990): 153–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026975809000100203.
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Victimization surveys conducted outside the United States have largely followed the design of the American National Crime Survey (NCS). Due to financial constraints, however, they have consistently used far smaller samples, and they never adopted the panel design (bounding of interviews) of the NCS. Drawing on experiences from the Swiss Crime Survey, it is argued that computer-assisted telephone interviews (CATI) offer interesting solutions to the methodological difficulties resulting from these constraints. Also CATI may allow for a more precise location of incidents in time and space, and may be more efficient in controlling attrition rate (and interviewer behavior). Taken together, the suggested methodological innovations may result in more valid estimates of victimization rates.
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Vicente, Paula, and Catarina Marques. "Do Initial Respondents Differ From Callback Respondents? Lessons From a Mobile CATI Survey." Social Science Computer Review 35, no. 5 (June 28, 2016): 606–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0894439316655975.
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Mobile phones are increasingly being used to conduct mobile computer-assisted telephone interview (CATI) surveys and some say it is just a question of time before they replace fixed phones. Although mobile phones allow their users to be called anywhere and at any time, a 100% response rate (RR) is unlikely to be achieved with a single call attempt. Callbacks are costly and delay fieldwork completion, but they are worth the effort when better overall RRs as well as those for specific subgroups of the population are obtained. Using data collected on a nationwide mobile CATI survey, this article investigates the differences between initial and callback respondents. Findings reveal that although the majority of interviews were achieved with a single call attempt, the initial sample differed from the callback sample in terms of the age and residence of respondents. Additionally, callback respondents were more likely to be interviewed outside home.
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Lamanna, Christine, Kusum Hachhethu, Sabrina Chesterman, Gaurav Singhal, Beatrice Mwongela, Mary Ng’endo, Silvia Passeri, et al. "Strengths and limitations of computer assisted telephone interviews (CATI) for nutrition data collection in rural Kenya." PLOS ONE 14, no. 1 (January 30, 2019): e0210050. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0210050.
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Wilson, David, Anne Taylor, and Catherine Chittleborough. "The Second Computer Assisted Telephone Interview (CATI) Forum: The state of play of CATI survey methods in Australia." Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health 25, no. 3 (June 2001): 272–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-842x.2001.tb00576.x.
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Derrick, William L., and Michael J. Fuller. "Intended versus Actual Behavior: Results from the Air Force Aviation Bonus Program." Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting 33, no. 13 (October 1989): 825–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193128903301312.
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To assess the validity of survey data collected from computer assisted telephone interviews (CATI) for the prediction of retention behavior, data from 754 AF pilots were collected at two points in time. In January 1988 these pilots took part in a CATI study that revealed their intentions to sign contracts for additional years of military service in return for bonus payments of up to $12,000 per year. Beginning in January 1989, these pilots were offered aviation bonus contracts, similar to those studied with the CATI, under the Aviator Continuation Pay (ACP) program enacted by Congress. Two key variables from the survey—career intent and bonus intent—were very accurate in predicting ACP behavior at both the aggregate and the entity levels.
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Schneid, Michael. "Zum Einsatz stationärer Rechner, Notebooks und PDAs bei der Datenerhebung im Feld." Zeitschrift für Sozialpsychologie 35, no. 1 (March 2004): 3–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/0044-3514.35.1.3.
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Zusammenfassung: In der Umfrageforschung werden Computer schon seit langem bei der Datenerhebung eingesetzt. Nahezu jede Telefonumfrage wird als CATI-Studie (“Computer Assisted Telephone Interview”) durchgeführt und viele Institute verwenden tragbare Computer bei der Durchführung persönlich-mündlicher Befragungen (“Computer Assisted Personal Interview”). In diesem Artikel werden die computergestützten Datenerhebungsmethoden sowie deren Vor- und auch Nachteile beschrieben. Taschencomputer, oft auch “persönliche digitale Assistenten” (PDAs) genannt, die vornehmlich der Organisation persönlicher Informationen dienen, können aber auch mit der entsprechenden Software für Befragungen und Experimente eingesetzt werden. Darauf soll ebenfalls in diesem Beitrag eingegangen werden.
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Ashmead, Robert, Eric Slud, and Todd Hughes. "Adaptive Intervention Methodology for Reduction of Respondent Contact Burden in the American Community Survey." Journal of Official Statistics 33, no. 4 (December 1, 2017): 901–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jos-2017-0043.
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Abstract The notion of respondent contact burden in sample surveys is defined, and a multi-stage process to develop policies for curtailing nonresponse follow-up is described with the goal of reducing this burden on prospective survey respondents. The method depends on contact history paradata containing information about contact attempts both for respondents and for sampled nonrespondents. By analysis of past data, policies to stop case follow-up based on control variables measured in paradata can be developed by calculating propensities to respond for paradata-defined subgroups of sampled cases. Competing policies can be assessed by comparing outcomes (lost interviews, numbers of contacts, patterns of reluctant participation, or refusal to participate) as if these stopping policies had been followed in past data. Finally, embedded survey experiments may be used to assess contact-burden reduction policies when these are implemented in the field. The multi-stage method described here abstracts the stages followed in a series of research studies aimed at reducing contact burden in the Computer Assisted Telephone Interview (CATI) and Computer Assisted Personal Interview (CAPI) modes of the American Community Survey (ACS), which culminated in implementation of policy changes in the ACS.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Computer-assisted telephone interviews (CATI)"
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Berninger, Christoph [Verfasser]. "Analyse des aktuellen Standes der niedergelassenen Kieferorthopäden in Deutschland bezüglich der Themen Erwachsenenkieferorthopädie, Ananmeseerhebung und Bisphosphonattherapie auf Basis einer Computer-Assisted Telephone Interview (CATI)-Studie / Christoph Berninger." Mainz : Universitätsbibliothek der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 2020. http://d-nb.info/122481049X/34.
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Le, Roux Christelle. "An assessment of the role of corporate brand identity in corporate brand image formation." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/9847.
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This study focuses on the extent to which the various elements of corporate brand identity as identified in the literature are perceived to contribute to corporate brand image formation. In doing so, a theoretical perspective is adopted for this study that borrows from both marketing communication and corporate communication theories.
Three data collection techniques – Q methodology, an online questionnaire and computer-assisted telephone interviews (CATI) – were used to determine to what extent these elements are perceived significant in corporate brand image formation among participants from 106 South African organisations across various business sectors. Four categories were identified to be perceived as significant for corporate brand image formation, namely transformational leadership and management, positioning and differentiation strategy, brand equity and employee orientation and mentorship.
To date, a comprehensive measuring instrument that theoretically includes all the corporate brand identity elements perceived to be significant in corporate brand image formation has not been developed. Based on the research findings, the study aims to propose a theoretical framework for establishing a measuring instrument that includes all the corporate brand identity elements deemed significant in corporate brand image formation as perceived by South African organisations. The objective of providing a theoretical framework for establishing a measuring instrument is to enable organisations to assess the role of their corporate brand identity in corporate brand image formation among their stakeholder groups. The theoretical framework includes the four identified categories perceived as significant in corporate brand image formation. It indicates which of the corporate brand identity elements included in the four categories are perceived to be more significant in corporate brand image formation by South African organisations. In addition, it provides assumptions on how these corporate brand identity elements are perceived to work in synergy to enhance corporate brand image formation based on the research results.Communication Science
D. Litt. et Phil. (Communication)
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Corkrey, Stephen Ross. "Exploring the Use of Interactive Voice Response as a Population Health Tool." 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/25025.
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The research described in this thesis reviewed previous uses of Interactive Voice Response (IVR), developed appropriate software, and employed IVR to obtain self-report of sensitive issues in surveys and conduct brief public health interventions. Chapter 1 introduces IVR and describes a systematic critical review of the use of IVR. IVR is a telephone interviewing technique where the human speaker is replaced by a high quality recorded interactive script to which the respondent provides answers by pressing the keys of a touch-telephone (touchphone). IVR has numerous advantages, including: economy, autonomy, confidentiality, access to certain population groups, improved data quality, standardised interviewing, multi-lingual interfaces, and detailed longitudinal assessments. Despite this, there have been few survey applications of IVR compared to alternative methods such as Computer-Assisted Telephone Interview (CATI). There has not been any evaluation of the use of IVR for asking sensitive questions in surveys or as a tool for health promotion at the community level. A literature review, described in Chapter 2, was conducted to identify other methods of asking sensitive questions. The literature review identified 19 different methods. Those methods that were most successful were those that provided the greatest degree of anonymity to the respondent. It was suggested that IVR may be a suitable method for community surveys. As described in Chapter 3, a custom software called Generalized Electronic Interviewing System (GEIS) was developed. This provided both CATI and IVR interviewing modes. As described in Chapter 4, it was found that the response rate obtained using IVR was unacceptably low, and an alternative interviewing method, the Hybrid method was developed. In the Hybrid method the interview was initiated by the interviewer but completed using IVR with GEIS. As described in Chapter 5, the IVR, CATI and Hybrid methods were used to investigate self-reported rates of alcohol and drug consumption within a telephone household survey of 2880 households. The self-report rates were compared to the National Drug Strategy Household Survey (NDSHS). Response rates did not differ significantly between the CATI and Hybrid methods, however the response rate for IVR was significantly less than the other methods. The Hybrid and IVR methods obtained significantly higher self-report consumption rates for alcohol and marijuana, and significantly higher hazardous drinking scores using Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT). In Chapter 6 a pilot of an IVR cervical screening brief advice interface is described. A total of 5000 households were contacted by the IVR system. The system randomly selected an eligible woman aged 18-69 per household and determined her cervical screening status. A total of 661 women listened to the IVR message. The IVR call was shown to be acceptable and inexpensive compared to a mail pamphlet intervention. In Chapter 7 a randomized controlled trial of an IVR cervical screening brief advice involving 17,008 households is described. Cervical screening rate data were obtained from the Health Insurance Commission (HIC) for a period spanning six months before and following the intervention. The cervical screening rate was increased in the intervention postcodes by 0.43% compared to the control postcodes, and the increase was greater for older women at 1.34%. This was a desirable outcome since this group is considered to be an at-risk group. The overall conclusion was that IVR technology could be feasibly used to contact women to deliver brief interventions aimed at increasing cervical screening rates, but the cost per screen was likely to be high. It is suggested that an IVR system could be linked to cervical screening registers to more directly and economically contact women, and provide an efficacious complementary approach to the existing letter reminder system.PhD Doctorate
Book chapters on the topic "Computer-assisted telephone interviews (CATI)"
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"Computer-Assisted Telephone Interviews (CATI)." In Encyclopedia of Quality of Life and Well-Being Research, 1172. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0753-5_100707.
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Vehovar, Vasja. "The Technological Revolution in Survey Data Collection." In Encyclopedia of Multimedia Technology and Networking, Second Edition, 1373–78. IGI Global, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60566-014-1.ch185.
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Surveys—data collection based on standardized questionnaires— started with censuses thousands of years ago. However, it was only in the 1930s, following some breakthrough developments in applied statistics, that the sample survey data collection approach was widely acknowledged. The possibility of inferring about the total population from samples of 300 or 1,000 units radically expanded the potential of survey data collection. In addition to sampling, survey data collection procedures also rely on a proper measurement instrument (i.e., a survey questionnaire) as well as effective administrative and managerial activities. Since the 1930s, opinion polling has become a major tool of democratic development (Gallup & Rae, 1968). Official statistics have recognized the enormous potential of survey data collection for the fast estimation of crops, industry outputs, unemployment, and so forth. Further, the marketing and media industries obtained a tool to effectively measure the characteristics of their target groups. The survey industry has therefore become an established activity with its own associations (e.g., ESOMAR, AAPOR), codes of conduct, publications, conferences, professional profiles, and large multinational companies generating annual revenues worth billions of dollars (e.g., A.C. Nielsen). Surveys were traditionally performed as personal interviews, over the telephone or in the form of selfadministrated questionnaires. Information-communication technology (ICT) developments introduced radical changes to the survey data collection processes, particularly because the core of this activity is manipulation with the information itself. The early implementations of ICT in survey data collection are linked to computer developments. Mass computerization started with the emerging PC in the 1980s and enabled computer-assisted survey information collection (CASIC), firstly with the introductionn of computer-assisted telephone interviewing (CATI). In the late 1980s, portable computers started to be used with face-to-face interview data collection, leading to computer-assisted personal interviewing (CAPI). When personal computers started to become the mainstream, computerized self-administered questionnaires (CSAQ) were implemented in various forms. The last crucial milestone came in the 1990s with the rise of the Internet, which enabled e-mail and Web-based types of CSAQ. This started a new stream of ICT development which is radically transforming the entire survey industry. Internet-based data collection will soon become the mainstream survey mode. Studies for 2005 projected that market research organizations worldwide would generate over a billion dollars in revenue on the basis of Internet surveys (Terhanian & Bremer, 2005). In addition, about 40% of research work in the USA in 2003-2004 was conducted on the Internet (E-consultancy, 2004).
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Rogers, William H., and Debra Lerner. "Technological Approaches to Screening and Case Finding for Depression." In Screening for Depression in Clinical Practice. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195380194.003.0011.
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What are the strengths and weaknesses of computer-based and other automated methods of detecting depression? Two promising technologies make use of the Internet and speech recognition. Whatever technology is used, each method needs to be assessed rigorously using the same high standards that have been applied to pencil-and-paper tests. We are in the midst of a technological revolution that inevitably will transform psychiatric clinical practice. A consensus for routine depression screening is building, and at the same time methods by which it could be accomplished are emerging. The hope is that the right technology can provide an easy, inexpensive, valid, and reliable public health approach to depression screening. Computerized assessment is well accepted in diverse fields, and the use of Internet-based survey technology has grown exponentially. Issues regarding the strengths and limitations of computerized assessments are addressed regularly in the literature. For example, such assessments have been shown to improve data quality while at the same time reducing cost as well as the time to score, analyze, and report results. Increasingly, as depressive disorders have been recognized as highly prevalent with significant morbidity, multiple screeners using an array of technological advances have been developed (Table 8.1 lists selected studies). This chapter will review the technologies that are currently available for automated depression screening and will discuss them in terms of criteria that should dictate their adoption. The growing list of technologies can be classified on several dimensions. Perhaps themostimportant of these isadaptivevs.non-adaptive. Inanadaptive technology pioneered by the Educational Testing Service, a computer, using a preprogrammed algorithm, decides which question to ask next given the responses so far. Paper-and-pencil is the classical non-adaptive technology— everyone gets the same paper with the same questions in the same order. Technological modality is a second dimension. Currently available technologies include the phone, the Internet, and hand-held electronic devices. The phone can be split into several groups, including agent: computer-assisted telephone interview (CATI), speech recognition, and touch-tone. Phone can also be classified as inbound (the patient initiates the call to a toll-free number) or outbound (the system initiates the call).
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Vasu, Michael L., and Ellen Storey Vasu. "Survey Research, Focus Groups, and Information Technology in Research and Practice." In Public Information Technology, 221–51. IGI Global, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59140-060-8.ch010.
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The integration of computing into survey research and focus groups in research and practice in public administration and related fields is the focus of this chapter. Coverage applies to other social science disciplines as well. This chapter reviews uses of computers in computer-assisted information collection (CASIC), computer-assisted telephone interviewing (CATI), computer-assisted personal interviewing (CAPI), and transferring survey research methods onto the Web. A second portion of the chapter gives special attention to continuous audience response technology (CART). An example of a citizen survey focused on growth issues combined with a focus group dealing with the same topic in Cary, North Carolina, is also discussed.
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Jankowska, Barbara, and Ewa Mińska-Struzik. "The adoption of Industry 4.0 solutions as a remedy against the pandemic crisis– the case of Polish companies." In Towards the „new normal” after COVID-19 – a post-transition economy perspective, 211–22. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego w Poznaniu, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18559/978-83-8211-061-6/iii1.
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Purpose: The authors aim to briefly present the adoption of Industry 4.0 technologies among Polish companies in the realm of the VUCA world. These solutions may work as measures that increase the resilience of companies against the Covid-19 crisis and support the recovery in “the new normal” reality. Design/methodology/approach: The paper combines literature studies with an empirical investigation in the form of computer-assisted telephone interviews conducted among 400 Polish manufacturing companies. Findings: Polish industrial manufacturing firms lag in implementing I4.0 technologies compared to their Western European counterparts. Research limitations/implications: The empirical part of the study was conducted among Polish companies. Similar studies among firms from other CEE countries will be necessary to conclude about this part of the world’s readiness to adopt 4.0 technologies. Practical implications: The pandemic era and increasing I4.0 adoption pose particular tasks for companies. They should revise their contractual arrangements with IT service providers and focus on data privacy and security topics, but also industry-specific regulations. Triggered by the Covid-19 crisis, these actions may contribute to developing companies’ comprehensive digital strategy in the “new normal” reality. Originality and value: The chapter contributes to the discussion on the readiness of companies and economies to adopt the Industry 4.0 technologies. It also provides the level of the adoption of these solutions in the context of a post-transition economy.
Conference papers on the topic "Computer-assisted telephone interviews (CATI)"
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Zdyb, Anna. "Secondary Use of Raw Materials in Food Sector Enterprises in Poland." In 5th International Scientific Conference 2021. University of Maribor Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18690/978-961-286-464-4.8.
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Circular economy (CE) nowadays has a significant impact on economic development. Reusing by-products is one of the key components of the CE paradigm, particularly important in industries using biological raw materials for production. This subject is widely discussed in many publications in the field of economics, while the practical use is scarcely described. The aim of the study was to verify whether companies operating on the Polish food industry market are re-using by-products for further production, what are the benefits of such an approach and whether if it’s time for a new way of managing by-products. Computer-assisted telephone interviews were conducted to verify opinions about the cost-effectiveness and competitiveness of enterprises in terms of reusing by-products and closing loop in production. The study covered 100 food industry companies. The most important conclusions are: (1) 92% of companies reuse by-products, (2) CE principles contribute to the improvement of competitiveness and cost-effectiveness, (3) 21% of companies are planning investments that will enable "closing the loop". There are processes in the analyzed sector that indicates increasing interest in implementing the principles of the CE by production companies.
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Rajevska, Olga, Agnese Reine, and Diana Baltmane. "Employment in the age group 50+ in the Baltic states and its changes in response to COVID-19." In 22nd International Scientific Conference. “Economic Science for Rural Development 2021”. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies. Faculty of Economics and Social Development, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/esrd.2021.55.061.
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The objective of the study is to examine the patterns of the employment of older people in Latvia, Estonia and Lithuania over the recent decade and the changes brought about by the first wave coronavirus pandemic in spring 2020. The study is based on the Eurostat statistical data as well as the microdata from the recent wave of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement (SHARE). Particular attention is paid to the data collected in SHARE Wave 8 COVID-19 Survey conducted in June-August 2020 in 26 European countries and Israel via computer-assisted telephone interviews. Questions examined how people aged 50 years and older coped with socioeconomic and health-related impact of COVID-19. During the last decade, participation of older age groups in labour market is gradually growing with the increase of the statutory retirement age and life expectancy. Employment rates in the pre-retirement and post-retirement age groups are comparatively high in Latvia and other Baltic States as contrasted to the EU averages, especially among women. Despite of relatively worse health status, people in the Baltic countries also demonstrate the highest share of respondents with willingness to work even upon reaching pension age. In 2020, the COVID-19 had relatively mild impact on it. The branches with traditionally high share of workers aged 50+ (education, healthcare, agriculture, administrative services) were least affected by lockdown measures.
Reports on the topic "Computer-assisted telephone interviews (CATI)"
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Harris, Melissa, and Alexia Pretari. Going Digital – Computer-Assisted Telephone Interviewing (CATI): Lessons learned from a pilot study. Oxfam GB, May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21201/2021.7581.
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In this sixth instalment of the Going Digital Series, we share our experiences of using computer-assisted telephone interviewing (CATI) software, which was researched and piloted following the outbreak of COVID-19 and the subsequent need for improved remote data collection practices. CATI is a survey technique in which interviews are conducted via a phone call, using an electronic device to follow a survey script and enter the information collected. This paper looks at the experience of piloting the technique in phone interviews with women in Kirkuk Governorate, Iraq.
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Oza, Shardul, and Jacobus Cilliers. What Did Children Do During School Closures? Insights from a Parent Survey in Tanzania. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-ri_2021/027.
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In this Insight Note, we report results of a phone survey that the RISE Tanzania Research team conducted with 2,240 parents (or alternate primary care-givers) of primary school children following the school closures in Tanzania. After the first case of COVID-19 was confirmed in Tanzania on 16 March 2020, the government ordered all primary schools closed the following day. Schools remained closed until 29 June 2020. Policymakers and other education stakeholders were concerned that the closures would lead to significant learning loss if children did not receive educational support or engagement at home. To help stem learning loss, the government promoted radio, TV, and internet-based learning content to parents of school-age children. The primary aims of the survey were to understand how children and families responded to the school closures, the education related activities they engaged in, and their strategies to send children back to school. The survey also measures households’ engagement with remote learning content over the period of school closures. We supplement the findings of the parent survey with insights from interviews with Ward Education Officers about their activities during the school closures. The survey sample is comprised of primary care-givers (in most cases, parents) of students enrolled in Grades 3 and 4 during the 2020 school year. The survey builds on an existing panel of students assessed in 2019 and 2020 in a nationally representative sample of schools.4 The parent surveys were conducted using Computer Assisted Telephonic Interviewing (CATI) over a two-week period in early September 2020, roughly two months after the re-opening of primary schools. We report the following key findings from this survey: *Almost all (more than 99 percent) of children in our sample were back in school two months after schools re-opened. The vast majority of parents believed it was either safe or extremely safe for their children to return to school. *Only 6 percent of households reported that their children listened to radio lessons during the school closures; and a similar fraction (5.5 percent) tuned into TV lessons over the same period. Less than 1 percent of those surveyed accessed educational programmes on the internet. Households with access to radio or TV reported higher usage. *Approximately 1 in 3 (36 percent) children worked on the family farm during the closures, with most children working either 2 or 3 days a week. Male children were 6.2 percentage points likelier to work on the family farm than female children. *Households have limited access to education materials for their child. While more than 9 out of 10 households have an exercise book, far fewer had access to textbooks (35 percent) or own reading books (31 percent). *One in four parents (24 percent) read a book to their child in the last week.