Relevant bibliographies by topics / Computer etc

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Computer etc'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2025
Last updated: 15 July 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Computer etc"

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Karickhoff, Samuel W., Valeta K. Mcdaniel, Clyde Melton, Andre N. Vellino, Donald E. Nute, and Lionel A. Carreira. "Predicting chemical reactivity by computer." Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 10, no. 11 (1991): 1405–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620101105.

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Klopman, Gilles, Zhutian Zhang, Donald M. Balthasar, and Herbert S. Rosenkranz. "Computer-Automated predictions of aerobic biodegradation of chemicals." Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 14, no. 3 (1995): 395–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620140307.

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Sidhu, Kirpal S. "Computer data bases for carcinogenicity and risk assessment." Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 8, no. 12 (1989): 1217–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620081215.

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A.N., Khimich, Chistyakova T.V., Sydoruk V.A., and Yershov P.S. "Intellectual computer mathematics system inparsolver." Artificial Intelligence 25, no. 4 (2020): 60–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/jai2020.04.060.

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The paper considers the intellectual computer mathematics system InparSolver, which is designed to automatically explore and solve basic classes of computational mathematics problems on multi-core computers with graphics accelerators. The problems of results reliability of solving problems with approximate input data are outlined. The features of the use of existing computer mathematics systems are analyzed, their weaknesses are found. The functionality of InparSolver, some innovative approaches to the implementation of effective solutions to problems in a hybrid architecture are described. Examples of applied usage of InparSolver for processes mathematical modeling in various subject areas are given. Nowadays, new more complex objects and phenomena in many subject areas (nuclear energy, mechanics, chemistry, molecular biology, medicine, etc.) are constantly emerging, which are subject to mathematical research on a computer. This encourages the development of new numerical methods and technologies of mathematical modeling, as well as the creation of more powerful computers for their implementation. With the advent and constant development of supercomputers of various architectures, the problems of their effective use, expansion of tasks range should be solved, ensuring the reliability of computer results and increasing the level of intellectual information support for users ‒ specialists in various fields. Today, the issues of solving these problems are given special attention by many specialists in the fields of information technology and parallel programming. The world's leadingscientists in the field of computer technology see the solution to the problems of efficient usage of modern supercomputers in algorithmic software creation that easily adapts to different computer architectures with different types of memory and coprocessors, supports efficient parallelism on millions of cores etc. In addition, improving the efficiency of high-performance computing on modern supercomputers is provided by their intellectualization, transferring to the computer to perform a significant part of the functions (symbolic languages for computer problem statement, research of mathematical models properties, visualization and analysis of tasks results, etc.). The industry of development and usage of intelligent computer technologies is one of the main directions of science and technology development in modern society
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Al-Deek, Haitham M. "Analyzing Performance of ETC Plazas Using New Computer Software." Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering 15, no. 4 (2001): 309–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0887-3801(2001)15:4(309).

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Zizaeva, Ana, Yakha A. Khadueva, and Olga A. Pyrnova. "APPLICATION OF INFORMATION SECURITY IN COMPUTER NETWORKS." EKONOMIKA I UPRAVLENIE: PROBLEMY, RESHENIYA 1/10, no. 154 (2024): 50–55. https://doi.org/10.36871/ek.up.p.r.2025.01.10.006.

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The information age has arrived, and the Internet has become an important part of life. Computers have become an important tool in daily work, study, entertainment, etc., changing our lives. However, in the process of widespread use of computers and networks, security issues have also become an important obstacle to their development. Problems such as computer viruses, confidential information leaks, and hacker intrusions have caused economic and property damage to computer users. This article mainly explains the basic contents of computer network security and virtual network technology, as well as conducts research on the specific application of virtual network technology in information security.
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Yeskov, V. M., N. N. Sazonova, and M. A. Filatov. "COMPUTER MODELING CAPABILITIES IN ECOLOGY." Izvestiya of the Samara Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Social, Humanitarian, Medicobiological Sciences 26, no. 96 (2024): 20–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.37313/2413-9645-2024-26-96-20-25.

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In recent years, pedagogy has repeatedly raised the problem of computer literacy of students whose training profile is not related to mathematics, physics, and technology. In this case, there is a strong opinion that some basics of computer literacy should still be given to humanities students, and even more so to biologists and ecologists. Our position is based on the fact that computer literacy in biologists and ecologists should be based on real (applied) tasks. In this regard, we introduce elements of mathematical modeling, as sections of systems ecology, into the training of ecologists. In particular, the basic models of Malthus, Lotka-Volterra, epidemic theory, etc. are considered in the form of computer models. Ecology students (bachelors, masters, graduate students) work on computers to model and predict the dynamics of population explosion, single-species model with feedback, two-species model, etc. Problems of optimal implementation of anti-epizootic measures are solved. Students study effective methods of population management on the computer. At the same time, they learn the basics of Basic programming to realize dynamic population models. As a result, future ecologists become computer literate.
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Lu, Jingcheng, Ziwen Sun, and Xiaole Yu. "Analysis of Differences Across Types of Interior Parts of Computer and Computer Price." Highlights in Business, Economics and Management 15 (June 28, 2023): 225–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/hbem.v15i.9398.

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The enhancement of digital computers takes an active part in promoting the development of different aspects of the world. In the meantime, interior parts of computers are also rapidly enhanced and refined. Various combinations of inner parts of a computer would play a decisive factor in the cost so the aim of this article would discuss the relationship between the performance parameters of computers and the prices. This article divides the performance parameters of computers into nine aspects, such as speed, RAM size, etc., With an emphasis on the connection between the price of the computer and its performance parameters. This article employs a multiple linear regression and a logistic regression model to estimate the pricing using computer configuration parameters. The MSE, AIC and other parameters are established to measure the goodness of fit for models. In order to forecast prices for computers with certain performance specifications, an optimal model is finally developed.
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Abdugulova, Zhanat. "Allowing Schools Access to Affordable Computers. How Schools Can Benefit From Switching to Inexpensive, Cloud-Based Computing Technologies." International Journal of Learning and Teaching 9, no. 3 (2017): 326–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/ijlt.v9i3.507.

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AbstractNowadays schools own computer labs and laptop carts developed to be shared among a large quantity of students and this task requires buying desktop computers and other necessary inventory that create opportunities for them to achieve skills in basic computer programming, internet browsing, etc. Unfortunately, schools cannot afford expensive desktop computers, which require maintaining services and software updates and Chromebook become a real life solution for that issue, because it does not require any expensive maintaining operations and it uses Cloud- Based System for all data that students have. Keywords: Cloud computing; Technology Education; Non-Cloud-Based Computer Systems; Cloud- Based Computer;
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Zhang, Ruoyao. "Enhancing Human-Computer Interaction through Brain-Computer Interface: Technological Advances." Applied and Computational Engineering 145, no. 1 (2025): 170–75. https://doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/2025.22240.

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Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) has gained significant attention due to its potential to transform human-computer interaction (HCI), especially through non-invasive methods like electroencephalography (EEG). This essay explores the fundamental principles of non-invasive BCIs, focusing on EEG-based signal acquisition, preprocessing, and decoding techniques. It examines the role of various machine learning and deep learning algorithms in enhancing the accuracy and efficiency of neural signal interpretation, including supervised learning, unsupervised learning, CNN, RNN, and transformers. These key techniques used in BCI are fundamental to promoting communication between humans and computers by building a direct bridge between the brains neural systems to commands that computers can understand. Developments in these areas show significant impacts in the HCI field, ranging from enhanced accessibility for rehabilitation/assistive technologies to more optimized user experience in gaming, smart home automation, etc. The prospects of non-invasive brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) are highly promising in transforming human-computer interactions to be more intuitive, adaptive, and accessible.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Computer etc"

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Saxton, Linda K. "Computer imagery and creative energy /." Online version of thesis, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/10309.

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Abelha, Ferreira Paulo. "Transfer of tool affordances in computer vision for robotics." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2018. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=235979.

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Robots working in constrained environments in the industry have achieved great success for a variety of tasks. Future service robots working in unconstrained domains (e.g. home or hospital) will have to cope with unforeseen circumstances, such as not having the usual tool to perform a known task. They will have to assess the affordances of candidate substitute tools and also how best to grasp and orient a tool (tool-pose) for a given task. Everyday tasks in the home often involve using a tool in non-canonical ways, e.g., the handle of a spoon oriented in the right way to retrieve something from a gap; or a bottle of wine used as a rolling pin to roll dough. It is possible to exploit these similarities between different tools and their tool-poses if the robot can learn by trying different tool-poses and also transfer what was learned to assess substitute candidate tools. Learning and dealing with substitute tools comes naturally to humans and is already present in toddlers and in some animals. Research in cognitive science provides insight into a possible mechanism playing an important role in human concept adaptability: projection. Here we provide an application of this cognitive science idea into the real-world domain of computer vision for service robotics. We show both that projection can be made to work in a real-world domain and that our approach can achieve better results than the closest one in the literature. The two main contributions of this dissertation are: 1. A first approach to bringing the idea of projection from cognitive science into a real-world 3D computer vision domain. Instead of a one-pass assessment from sensor data to abstraction and then to score, we have a bottom-up exploration from sensor data to representation and a top-down selection of best alternatives. 2. A semi-automatic framework for assessing tool affordances and tool-pose starting from unsegmented point clouds and including segmentation, simulation, learning and flexible assessment. These contributions enable us to achieve 69% overall accuracy on five different everyday tasks compared to our closest competitor in the literature achieves only 32% on the same four tasks. These results can be obtained when (a) it is possible to create a simulation for the task (b) it is possible to pre-train the system on 5000 different tools. This dissertation demonstrates that it is possible to bring the projection idea into a real-world domain and that combining top-down pressure with bottom-up search and a flexible representation improves accuracy when assessing tool affordances for service robotics.
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Gordin, Eric Anthony. "EVALUATION OF THE POTENTIAL BENEFITS TO TRAFFIC OPERATIONS AT A TOLL PLAZA WITH EXPRESS ETC LANES." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2004. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4416.

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The effectiveness of modifying a conventional toll plaza for implementation of an open road tolling concept with express ETC lanes was evaluated in this thesis. Speed controlled dedicated ETC lanes were replaced with express ETC lanes at the Orlando-Orange County Expressway Authority (OOCEA) University Mainline Toll Plaza. This evaluation was accomplished by utilizing collected field data and simulated scenarios using Toll Plaza SIMulation (TPSIM) software developed by the University of Central Florida. The speed controlled dedicated ETC lanes were located within toll lanes (contained within a toll plaza canopy) with widths ranging between 10 to 14 ft. These types of lanes required all vehicles to reduce their speed from the highway speed to 35 mph. Express ETC lanes (sometimes referenced as open road tolling or non-stop tolling) allow vehicles to pass through the plaza at high speeds. Open road tolling is a concept that employs high speed toll lanes. A before and after study of the University toll plaza was conducted. Benefits in the form of reduced delays and increased capacities were observed when making the comparison between the before and after studies. Since we expect the capacity of an express ETC lane to be greater than the dedicated ETC lanes (due to an increase in free-flow speed), further analysis using equations and car-following theory proved that if the ETC speed was increased, then the capacity would increase as well. Using equations derived from the Highway Capacity Manual (HCM) and car-following theory, the capacity was increased from 2016 to 2314 vph when the ETC speed increased from 31 mph to 65 mph. This indicated an increase in capacity of 14.8 percent (based on the conversion from dedicated to express ETC lanes). The field data was also used as input for TPSIM (a computer simulation model) in order to perform a sensitivity analysis of the express ETC lanes by varying the type of ETC lane, number of approach lanes, and plaza configurations (the addition of an ACM lane) between scenarios. Results that were observed during the after study were verified using the TPSIM scenarios. Reductions in delays for the entire plaza were observed using the TPSIM model when making similar improvements to the plaza as in the after study. The changes made to the University Mainline Toll Plaza after construction was completed resulted in benefits by reducing delays and increasing the capacity of the toll plaza (by converting dedicated ETC lanes to express ETC lanes and adding an additional A/ETC lane per direction). These benefits were measured using field data and confirmed when performing the TPSIM scenarios. A customer's travel time along the toll facility will be reduced by using the express ETC lanes (since they are not required to decelerate at the toll plaza). In addition, weaving maneuvers downstream of the plaza are no longer required by customers using the express ETC lanes due to the location of the downstream travel lanes in relation to the express ETC lanes. These benefits may have led to changes in the number and percentage of ETC users in each of the toll lanes. Changes in ETC usage in the conventional mixed-use lanes directly impacted the throughput and delays for each of these lanes, since ETC equipped vehicles have a service time of zero seconds. In addition to the operational benefits, other possible benefits for express ETC lanes were identified and recommended for further evaluation and research. The re-distribution of customers at the plaza due to the implementation of open road tolling, in the form of express ETC lanes, was a great benefit to the overall traffic operations for the University Mainline Toll Plaza in Orlando, Florida.<br>M.S.<br>Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering<br>Engineering and Computer Science<br>Civil and Environmental Engineering
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Reuter, M. A. "The fundamental limits of recycling : from minerals processing to computer aided design of automobiles and other consumer goods /." Link to the online version, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/1394.

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Walsh, Allan R. "A computer model for in-flight black liquor combustion in a kraft recovery furnace." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/7060.

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Taylor-Smith, Ella. "Participation Space Studies : a socio-technical exploration of activist and community groups' use of online and offline spaces to support their work." Thesis, Edinburgh Napier University, 2016. http://researchrepository.napier.ac.uk/Output/368298.

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Participation Space Studies explore eParticipation in the day-to-day activities of local, citizen-led groups, working to improve their communities. The focus is the relationship between activities and contexts. The concept of a participation space is introduced in order to reify online and offline contexts where people participate in democracy. Participation spaces include websites, blogs, email, social media presences, paper media, and physical spaces. They are understood as sociotechnical systems: assemblages of heterogeneous elements, with relevant histories and trajectories of development and use. This approach enables the parallel study of diverse spaces, on and offline. Participation spaces are investigated within three case studies, centred on interviews and participant observation. Each case concerns a community or activist group, in Scotland. The participation spaces are then modelled using a Socio-Technical Interaction Network (STIN) framework (Kling, McKim and King, 2003). The participation space concept effectively supports the parallel investigation of the diverse social and technical contexts of grassroots democracy and the relationship between the case-study groups and the technologies they use to support their work. Participants' democratic participation is supported by online technologies, especially email, and they create online communities and networks around their goals. The studies illustrate the mutual shaping relationship between technology and democracy. Participants' choice of technologies can be understood in spatial terms: boundaries, inhabitants, access, ownership, and cost. Participation spaces and infrastructures are used together and shared with other groups. Non-public online spaces, such as Facebook groups, are vital contexts for eParticipation; further, the majority of participants' work is non-public, on and offline. It is informational, potentially invisible, work that supports public outputs. The groups involve people and influence events through emotional and symbolic impact, as well as rational argument. Images are powerful vehicles for this and digital images become an increasingly evident and important feature of participation spaces throughout the consecutively conducted case studies. Collaboration of diverse people via social media indicates that these spaces could be understood as boundary objects (Star and Griesemer, 1989). The Participation Space Studies draw from and contribute to eParticipation, social informatics, mediation, social shaping studies, and ethnographic studies of Internet use.
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Hammel, Julie Christine. "A computer program for budgeting intercollegiate athletic scholarships /." Thesis, This resource online, 1993. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-12172008-063642/.

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Pei, Su-Cheng. "Design and implementation of a multimedia DBMS catalog management, table creation and data insertion /." Thesis, Monterey, California : Naval Postgraduate School, 1990. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA241761.

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Thesis (M.S. in Engineering Science)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 1990.<br>Thesis Advisor: Lum, Vincent Y. Second Reader: Wu, Thamas C. "December 1990." Description based on title screen as viewed on March 30, 2010. DTIC Identifier(s): Data base management systems, data management, multimedia data bases, data bases, data processing, tables(data), computer files, MDBMS (multimedia data base management system), Ingres data bases, abstract data types, catalog management, integrated systems, theses. Author(s) subject terms: Multimedia Database Management System, Multimedia, DBMS, MDBMS, media database. Includes bibliographical references (p. 186-187). Also available in print.
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Arnott, Linda. "The cognitive and social influences of computer technology on profoundly deaf young children." Thesis, Cape Technikon, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/1851.

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A thesis presented in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF EDUCATION 2004<br>This dissertation is located in the field of early childhood development. It is situated in the context of education for learners with special educational needs (ELSEN). The specific context was Deaf children who learn through the medium of South African Sign Language . The study is an investigation into the cognitive and social "value-addedness" of computer technology on profoundly deaf young learners. A Vygotskian theoretical framework was used to explore the efficacy of the computer as a tool for learning in the profoundly Deaf. Social and collaborative learning with peers was investigated. A case study was conducted with a cohort of seven profoundly Deaf Grade R learners (aged 516 years) at a special needs school in the Western Cape. The research methodology was an empirical investigation within a qualitative research paradigm, using observation and interviews. The report provides a descriptive account that makes use of illustrative vignettes. The study concludes that the computer influences social development within the cohort. The computer was also able to scaffold children's understanding of mathematical tasks and thereby provide a cognitive influence on learning.
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Brown, Martin Reid. "Hardware Ergonomic Considerations in Middle School Classroom Computer and Video Display Terminal Installations." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1992. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc332559/.

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The purpose of this study was to determine the extent specific ergonomic factor implementations in computer and video display terminal (VDT) installations for student use in middle school classrooms. The data interpretations using existing furniture without modification or adaptation. Of all the seating observed, 75% of the seating met standards for middle school students. Keyboards and video display screens had been placed on existing tables and were all higher than ergonomically desirable for middle school students or adults.
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Books on the topic "Computer etc"

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Proebster, Walter E. Peripherie von Informationssystemen: Technologie und Anwendung : Eingabe, Tastatur, Sensoren, Sprache etc. : Ausgabe, Drucker, Bildschirm, Anzeigen etc. : externe Speicher, Magnetik, Optik etc. Springer-Verlag, 1987.

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Lindsell-Roberts, Sheryl. Mastering computer typing. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2010.

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Tolbert, Yul. Computer, freeze program. Timelike Line Productions, 1993.

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van, Leeuwen Jan, ed. Handbook of theoretical computer science. Elsevier, 1990.

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Parsons, June Jamrich. Computer concepts. 7th ed. Course Technology Cengage Learning, 2009.

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Wang, Wally. Steal this computer book. No Starch Press, 1998.

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Parsons, June Jamrich. Computer concepts. 3rd ed. Course Technology, 2002.

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Parsons, June Jamrich. Computer concepts. 3rd ed. Course Technology, 1998.

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Dan, Oja, and Parsons June Jamrich, eds. Computer concepts. 2nd ed. Course Technology, Inc., 1996.

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Dan, Oja, ed. Computer concepts. 3rd ed. Course Technology, Inc., 1998.

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Book chapters on the topic "Computer etc"

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Barnes, John. "Iterators, Pools, etc." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-45210-9_6.

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Janota, Aleš, and Jozef Hrbček. "Slovak ETC System Implemented – What Next?" In Communications in Computer and Information Science. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-16472-9_3.

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Xu, Jin. "Computer-Based Proofs of Four Color Conjecture." In Maximal Planar Graph Theory and the Four-Color Conjecture. Springer Nature Singapore, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-4745-3_3.

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Abstract This section introduces the research course of proving Four Color Conjecture using a computer, which mainly focus on the construction of an unavoidable set of reducible configurations. Those include works that have been done by Heesch, Haken &amp; Appel, and Simon, etc.
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Douéneau-Tabot, Gaëtan. "Pebble minimization: the last theorems." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-30829-1_21.

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AbstractPebble transducers are nested two-way transducers which can drop marks (named “pebbles”) on their input word. Such machines can compute functions whose output size is polynomial in the size of their input. They can be seen as simple recursive programs whose recursion height is bounded. A natural problem is, given a pebble transducer, to compute an equivalent pebble transducer with minimal recursion height. This problem has been open since the introduction of the model.In this paper, we study two restrictions of pebble transducers, that cannot see the marks (“blind pebble transducers” introduced by Nguyên et al.), or that can only see the last mark dropped (“last pebble transducers” introduced by Engelfriet et al.). For both models, we provide an effective algorithm for minimizing the recursion height. The key property used in both cases is that a function whose output size is linear (resp. quadratic, cubic, etc.) can always be computed by a machine whose recursion height is 1 (resp. 2, 3, etc.). We finally show that this key property fails as soon as we consider machines that can see more than one mark.
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Allen, Steve. "From Computer Time to Legal Civil Time: IANA tz, IETF tzdist, etc." In Astrophysics and Space Science Proceedings. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-59909-0_16.

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Klaykul, Pattarapon, Wilaiporn Lee, and Akara Prayote. "Optimizing Lane Configuration and ETC Adoption to Minimize Congestion and Costs at Toll Plazas." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer Nature Singapore, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-0692-4_22.

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Chen, Yanjing, Yawei Zhao, and Peng Yan. "Daily ETC Traffic Flow Time Series Prediction Based on k-NN and BP Neural Network." In Communications in Computer and Information Science. Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-2098-8_17.

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Chen, Mingshuai, Joost-Pieter Katoen, Lutz Klinkenberg, and Tobias Winkler. "Does a Program Yield the Right Distribution?" In Computer Aided Verification. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-13185-1_5.

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AbstractWe study discrete probabilistic programs with potentially unbounded looping behaviors over an infinite state space. We present, to the best of our knowledge, the first decidability result for the problem of determining whether such a program generates exactly a specified distribution over its outputs (provided the program terminates almost-surely). The class of distributions that can be specified in our formalism consists of standard distributions (geometric, uniform, etc.) and finite convolutions thereof. Our method relies on representing these (possibly infinite-support) distributions as probability generating functions which admit effective arithmetic operations. We have automated our techniques in a tool called $$\textsc {Prodigy}$$ P R O D I G Y , which supports automatic invariance checking, compositional reasoning of nested loops, and efficient queries to the output distribution, as demonstrated by experiments.
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Hughes, Ciaran, Joshua Isaacson, Anastasia Perry, Ranbel F. Sun, and Jessica Turner. "What Is a Qubit?" In Quantum Computing for the Quantum Curious. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-61601-4_2.

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AbstractIn classical computers, information is represented as the binary digits 0 or 1. These are called bits. For example, the number 1 in an 8-bit binary representation is written as 00000001. The number 2 is represented as 00000010. We place extra zeros in front to write every number with 8-bits total, which is called one byte. In fact, every classical computer translates these bits into the human readable information on your electronic device. The document you read or video you watch is encoded in the computer binary language in terms of these 1’s and 0’s. Computer hardware understands the 1-bit as an electrical current flowing through a wire (in a transistor) while the 0-bit is the absence of an electrical current in a wire. These electrical signals can be thought of as “on” (the 1-bit) or “off” (the 0-bit). Your computer then decodes the classical 1 or 0 bits into words or videos, etc.
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Li, Ruiguang, Meng Shen, Hao Yu, Chao Li, Pengyu Duan, and Lihuang Zhu. "A Survey on Cyberspace Search Engines." In Communications in Computer and Information Science. Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-4922-3_15.

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AbstractThis paper introduces the concept of cyberspace search engine, and makes a deep survey on 5 well-known search engines, say Shodan, Censys, BinaryEdge, ZoomEye and Fofa, by querying official websites, analyzing APIs, and making academic research. We discuss the following items in details: Supporting internet protocols, Total amounts of detected devices, Device information, Scanning frequency, System architecture, The third party databases, Probes distribution, etc. We give a comprehensive comparison of the detecting abilities and working principles of the cyberspace search engines.
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Conference papers on the topic "Computer etc"

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Clayton, C. K. "Computer Data Base Management for Economic Optimization of Field Corrosion Inhibition Programs." In CORROSION 1987. NACE International, 1987. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1987-87455.

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Abstract Increased profitability is the goal of corrosion mitigation. In some large oil well producing environments, measurement of economic performance on a well by well or lease by lease basis to improve current treatment methods is difficult. Computers have been successfully used to improve current corrosion mitigation program performance by evaluating the corrosion economics of alternate mitigation programs. Economic analyses of oil producing fields requires management of large volumes of information. Comprehensive economic analyses on a lease or well basis is further complicated by the constant changing of operating parameters. Further difficulties include the fact that information must come from various inter and intra company autonomous sources. Computers can effectively manage and archive the large volumes of information necessary to make economic evaluations of producing units. Information stored in the computer includes: (1) well information (production, depth, inhibitor costs, etc.) (2) well failure information (pulling service cost, equipment replacement cost, cause of failure, etc.). Computer output formats include portrayal of raw economic operating expense data and several specific economic ratios. These types of formats lend themselves to easy comparisons of operating data from various time periods. By evaluating changing economic conditions, computers can assist in the successful management of corrosion mitigation programs. Since superior economic performance is the ultimate in corrosion mitigation for any producing unit, computer economic analyses may be seen as instrumental in corrosion mitigation monitoring programs.
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Hepp, Doug, Gary Wein, and William Bornak. "User Experience: Control of Copper Corrosion in a Steel Mill Surface Condenser with Amine Neutralization." In CORROSION 1986. NACE International, 1986. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1986-86381.

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Abstract A complicated copper corrosion problem in a turbine surface condenser was controlled with amine neutralization. To more closely control the costs of the treatment, a system-specific computer program was developed, factoring in amine distribution ratio, neutralizing capacity, feedwater alkalinity, etc. Analysis of 2-year performance/treatment data corroborated the predictions of the computer program. The treatment was further optimized by feeding a test mixture of amines to the system. After equilibrium was reached, samples from key locations were analyzed for individual amines, pH values, etc. The computer program, the performance/treatment data, and the test amine study confirmed that the continued use of cyclohexylamine/dimethylpropanolamine gave the best cost/benefit performance.
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Al-Sakkari, Eslam G., Ahmed Ragab, Mohamed Ali, Hanane Dagdougui, Daria C. Boffito, and Mouloud Amazouz. "Learn-To-Design: Reinforcement Learning-Assisted Chemical Process Optimization." In Foundations of Computer-Aided Process Design. PSE Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.69997/sct.103483.

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This paper proposes an AI-assisted approach aimed at accelerating chemical process design through causal incremental reinforcement learning (CIRL) where an intelligent agent is interacting iteratively with a process simulation environment (e.g., Aspen HYSYS, DWSIM, etc.). The proposed approach is based on an incremental learnable optimizer capable of guiding multi-objective optimization towards optimal design variable configurations, depending on several factors including the problem complexity, selected RL algorithm and hyperparameters tuning. One advantage of this approach is that the agent-simulator interaction significantly reduces the vast search space of design variables, leading to an accelerated and optimized design process. This is a generic causal approach that enables the exploration of new process configurations and provides actionable insights to designers to improve not only the process design but also the design process across various applications. The approach was validated on industrial processes including an absorption-based carbon capture, considering the economic and technological uncertainties of different capture processes, such as energy price, production cost, and storage capacity. It achieved a cost reduction of up to 5.5% for the designed capture process, after a few iterations, while also providing the designer with actionable insights. From a broader perspective, the proposed approach paves the way for accelerating the adoption of decarbonization technologies (CCUS value chains, clean fuel production, etc.) at a larger scale, thus catalyzing climate change mitigation.
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Kirchheiner, R., and T. Koch. "Computer Aided Learning of Corrosion Rules from Factual Data Bases." In CORROSION 1992. NACE International, 1992. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1992-92260.

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Abstract The term LEARNING is understood to mean the process of assimilating experience. Computer programs with the ability to learn are programs which process information made available (to the learning program) from outside. Such information may be in the form of measured values, images, acoustic signals etc. A learning program 'RULEARN' has been developed and is classified into the group of Machine Learning Programs (MLP) and is therefore a part of Artificial Intelligence (AI) applications. The program module is linked to a commercially available expert system (XPS) shell. Corrosion rules which are automatically generated from a factual database containing corrosion data are verified by the program itself via consistency checks as well as by a human expert team. This insures reliability on all generated output of the program. The rule-finding process is described below by reference to a simplified example of corrosion research in the application of silicon alloyed stainless steels e.g. NICROFER 2509 Si7 for the sulfuric acid branch of the chemical process industry (CPI).
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Santana-Diaz, Ernesto, Lars Vendelbo Nielsen, and Andreas Junker-Holst. "A Critical Review of Parameters for Meaningful AC Corrosion Modelling." In CORROSION 2018. NACE International, 2018. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2018-10847.

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Abstract A range of parameters must be considered carefully when modelling AC corrosion. Prediction of induced AC voltage profiles along pipelines due to shared right-of-way with high-voltage power lines has been practiced for decades. Modelling of the cathodic protection level on a pipeline resulting from types, position, and current output from CP sources, pipeline dimensions, coating conditions, soil conditions, isolation, etc., has also been implemented during several years. Computer aided prediction of corrosion rates caused by induced AC as a function of AC and DC current densities, coating fault geometry and thickness, soil resistivity, etc. has been attempted only in recent years. The complexity of the AC corrosion process calls for careful and critical evaluation of the computed results, and their practical applicability. The present paper presents and discusses the various components contained in an electrical equivalent circuit describing the AC corrosion process from a computer modelling perspective. The effect of the coating defect size and geometry on spread resistance and resulting AC current density, the effect of the kinetics of electrochemical reactions relevant for the corrosion process, the effect of diffusion and diffusion coefficients for active chemical species, as well as the impact of the capacitive effect of the electrochemical double layer as a short circuit of the electrochemical processes, soil chemistry, texture and soil resistivity are all aspects that influences the AC corrosion process and therefore the reliability of a computer model. These aspects will be discussed together with the sensibility of a model and the risk of generating inaccurate results due to missing or erroneous inputs. In addition, different model approaches will be discussed and sustained through examples.
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Isella, Andrea, and Davide Manca. "Multi-Objective Optimization for Sustainable Design of Power-to-Ammonia Plants." In The 35th European Symposium on Computer Aided Process Engineering. PSE Press, 2025. https://doi.org/10.69997/sct.145890.

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This work addresses the process design of Power-to-Ammonia plants (i.e. ammonia from renewable-powered electrolysis) by a novel methodology based on the multi-objective optimization of the �Three pillars of sustainability�: economic, environmental, and social. Specifically, we developed a tool estimating the installed capacities of every main process section typically featured by Power-to-Ammonia facilities (e.g., the renewable power plant, the electrolyzer, energy and hydrogen storage systems, etc.) to maximize the plant�s �Global Sustainability Score�.
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Osvoll, Harald, Are Sjaastad, and Francis Duesso. "Evaluation of Impressed Current System on FPSO’s by Use of Cp Computer Modelling." In CORROSION 2004. NACE International, 2004. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2004-04103.

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Abstract During the 90’s the floating production systems have been more and more common on the different oil fields worldwide. FPSOs are new built “tankers” or modified existing “tankers”. Cathodic protection of an FPSO is in most cases based on IC and designed according to “ship standards”. One significant operational difference between a ship and an FPSO is that a ship is in dock each 3 to 5 years for repair of coating etc. An FPSO is in operation for typically 15 to 30 years, with no coating repair. This will result in a major increase in the current requirements from launch to the end of operational life. The number of IC anodes is in most cases too few and the size of shielding around anodes is too small. CP modeling has shown that this may result in both significant over protection and at the same time under protection. CP modeling has shown to be an excellent tool for optimizing anode number, positions and shielding size.
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Hasan, M. M. Faruque. "Designing for the Future: The Role of Process Design in Decarbonization and Energy Transition." In Foundations of Computer-Aided Process Design. PSE Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.69997/sct.112547.

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The overarching goal of process design (Figure 1) is to find technologically feasible, operable, economically attractive, safe and sustainable processing pathways and process configurations with specifications for the connectivity and design of unit operations that perform a set of tasks using selected functional materials (e.g., catalysts, solvents, sorbents, etc.) to convert a set of feed-stocks or raw materials into a set of products with desired quality at a scale that satisfies the demand. Process synthesis and integration can further screen, optimize and improve these pathways for given techno-econo-environmental targets or objectives. These objectives may include, but are not limited to, minimizing the overall investment and processing costs, minimizing the energy consumption, minimizing the emissions or wastes, maxim-zing the profit, and enhancing the safety, operability, controllability, flexibility, circularity, and sustainability, among others... (ABSTRACT ABBREVIATED)
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Franczak, Agnieszka, Christophe Baeté, Leslie Bortels, and Bart Van den Bossche. "Atmospheric Corrosion through the Eyes of a Computer Simulation." In CORROSION 2021. AMPP, 2021. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2021-16394.

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Abstract The economic impact of corrosion on metallic structures is a matter of great relevance throughout the world. More than half of the considerable damage due to corrosion is a result of atmospheric impacts on materials, which is logical considering that the majority of the metallic equipment and structures operate in an atmospheric environment. A need for better understanding of corrosion processes leads to an increased demand for numerical corrosion models, which become increasingly relevant towards simulation, lifetime predictions and optimization of the corrosion prevention. In the past, atmospheric corrosion has been modeled based on empirical data and statistical considerations. These models provide fitted functions of the corrosion rate or damage as a function of time for different environmental parameters. Nevertheless, the goodness of fit of the experimental data to proposed models depends on many effects such as frequency, duration, type of wetting and drying cycles, and time of year when exposure was initiated. In many cases, these factors are not even considered. Thus, it is desirable to develop models based on mechanistic considerations, and this paper presents one of such approaches, resulting in the development of a standalone engineering corrosion simulation platform. The ultimate goal of this simulation tool is to predict corrosion risk issues on geometrically challenging and multi-material assemblies prior to their real-life application, taking into account a wide range of factors affecting corrosion severity, e.g. surface area, corrosive environment, temperature, dry/wet cycles, corrosion kinetics, etc.. A step forward has been made, including crevice corrosion simulation that can be used as an input for further evaluation of mechanical properties.
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Hafnor, Helge, and Birger Amundsen. "Computerized Cathodic Protection Operation and Monitoring Buried Pipelines." In CORROSION 2000. NACE International, 2000. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2000-00728.

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Abstract Use of computer technology greatly simplifies and improves the operation of cathodic protection systems. On-line control, remote operation, automatic alarm functions, data logging, etc. are functions often required in newer impressed current system specifications. This paper focuses on a new, user-friendly, Windows-based cathodic protection software system. The system enables operation of an unlimited number of adapted cathodic protection units, and utilizes customized, object-oriented graphics with real-time process data automatically displayed on the computer screen.
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Reports on the topic "Computer etc"

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Schoening, Timm. OceanCV. GEOMAR, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3289/sw_5_2022.

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OceanCV provides computer vision algorithms and tools for underwater image analysis. This includes image processing, pattern recognition, machine learning and geometric algorithms but also functionality for navigation data processing, data provenance etc.
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Sanz, Asier`. Numerical simulation tools for PVT collectors and systems. IEA SHC Task 60, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18777/ieashc-task60-2020-0006.

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The computer-based experimentation covers almost the entire activity chain of the PVT sector. The PVT community carries out very different kind of modelling and simulation labours in order to answer to very diverse needs, such as proof-of-concepts, research, design, sizing, controlling, optimization, validation, marketing, sales, O&amp;M, etc.
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Semerikov, Serhiy, Illia Teplytskyi, Yuliia Yechkalo, Oksana Markova, Vladimir Soloviev, and Arnold Kiv. Computer Simulation of Neural Networks Using Spreadsheets: Dr. Anderson, Welcome Back. [б. в.], 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/3178.

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The authors of the given article continue the series presented by the 2018 paper “Computer Simulation of Neural Networks Using Spreadsheets: The Dawn of the Age of Camelot”. This time, they consider mathematical informatics as the basis of higher engineering education fundamentalization. Mathematical informatics deals with smart simulation, information security, long-term data storage and big data management, artificial intelligence systems, etc. The authors suggest studying basic principles of mathematical informatics by applying cloud-oriented means of various levels including those traditionally considered supplementary – spreadsheets. The article considers ways of building neural network models in cloud-oriented spreadsheets, Google Sheets. The model is based on the problem of classifying multi-dimensional data provided in “The Use of Multiple Measurements in Taxonomic Problems” by R. A. Fisher. Edgar Anderson’s role in collecting and preparing the data in the 1920s-1930s is discussed as well as some peculiarities of data selection. There are presented data on the method of multi-dimensional data presentation in the form of an ideograph developed by Anderson and considered one of the first efficient ways of data visualization.
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Willson. L51756 State of the Art Intelligent Control for Large Engines. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010423.

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Computers have become a vital part of the control of pipeline compressors and compressor stations. For many tasks, computers have helped to improve accuracy, reliability, and safety, and have reduced operating costs. Computers excel at repetitive, precise tasks that humans perform poorly - calculation, measurement, statistical analysis, control, etc. Computers are used to perform these type of precise tasks at compressor stations: engine / turbine speed control, ignition control, horsepower estimation, or control of complicated sequences of events during startup and/or shutdown. For other tasks, however, computers perform very poorly at tasks that humans find to be trivial. A discussion of the differences in the way humans and computer process information is crucial to an understanding of the field of artificial intelligence. In this project, several artificial intelligence/ intelligent control systems were examined: heuristic search techniques, adaptive control, expert systems, fuzzy logic, neural networks, and genetic algorithms. Of these, neural networks showed the most potential for use on large bore engines because of their ability to recognize patterns in incomplete, noisy data. Two sets of experimental tests were conducted to test the predictive capabilities of neural networks. The first involved predicting the ignition timing from combustion pressure histories; the best networks responded within a specified tolerance level 90% to 98.8% of the time. In the second experiment, neural networks were used to predict NOx, A/F ratio, and fuel consumption. NOx prediction accuracy was 91.4%, A/F ratio accuracy was 82.9%, and fuel consumption accuracy was 52.9%. This report documents the assessment of the state of the art of artificial intelligence for application to the monitoring and control of large-bore natural gas engines.
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Głąb, Tomasz, Jarosław Knaga, Tomasz Zaleski, Paweł Dziwisz, Jan Gluza, and Dariusz Glanas. Determination of soil particle size distribution using computer analysis of microscopic images. Publishing House of the University of Agriculture in Krakow, 2025. https://doi.org/10.15576/repourk/2025.1.3.

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The project aims to develop a prototype device for determining the texture of soils and mineral deposits. The innovation of the designed solution consists in a significant reduction in the time of composition analysis with the possibility of any division into granulometric groups and the complete automation of the measurement from the moment the sample is introduced into the apparatus until the result is obtained. As part of the project, industrial research and experimental development are planned to be divided into the following stages: 1. Development of the measuring system. 2. Development of the structure and construction of device prototypes. 3. Development of the construction of the measuring system 4. Development of a mathematical model for processing data from the measuring system. 5. Preparation of software for device control and data recording. 6. Making the final prototype of the device. 7. Test tests of the final version of the device. The research will be conducted by a research consortium consisting of the project leader, i.e. Aumatic sp. z o.o. and the University of Agriculture in Krakow. The developed product will be intended for sale both on the domestic market and for export. Due to the number of entities potentially interested in the apparatus and the financial possibilities of potential recipients, the largest market should be developed countries (e.g. EU countries, USA, Canada, etc.). The main target groups of clients were: 1. Scientific institutions (universities, research institutes). 2. Institutions and enterprises performing analyzes for the needs of precision farming. 3. Chemical and Agricultural Stations. 4. Ceramic clay mining plants. 5. Manufacturers of ceramic products. 6. Laboratories conducting geotechnical tests for the needs of construction. 7. Laboratories carrying out environmental tests in the field of soil quality. 8. Provincial Inspectorates for Environmental Protection, Regional Directorates for Environmental Protection
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Холошин, Ігор Віталійович, Ірина Миколаївна Варфоломєєва, Олена Вікторівна Ганчук, Ольга Володимирівна Бондаренко, and Андрій Валерійович Пікільняк. Pedagogical techniques of Earth remote sensing data application into modern school practice. CEUR-WS.org, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/3257.

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Abstract. The article dwells upon the Earth remote sensing data as one of the basic directions of Geo-Information Science, a unique source of information on processes and phenomena occurring in almost all spheres of the Earth geographic shell (atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere, etc.). The authors argue that the use of aerospace images by means of the information and communication technologies involvement in the learning process allows not only to increase the information context value of learning, but also contributes to the formation of students’ cognitive interest in such disciplines as geography, biology, history, physics, computer science, etc. It has been grounded that remote sensing data form students’ spatial, temporal and qualitative concepts, sensory support for the perception, knowledge and explanation of the specifics of objects and phenomena of geographical reality, which, in its turn, provides an increase in the level of educational achievements. The techniques of aerospace images application into the modern school practice have been analyzed and illustrated in the examples: from using them as visual aids, to realization of practical and research orientation of training on the basis of remote sensing data. Particular attention is paid to the practical component of the Earth remote sensing implementation into the modern school practice with the help of information and communication technologies.
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Kholoshyn, Ihor V., Iryna M. Varfolomyeyeva, Olena V. Hanchuk, Olga V. Bondarenko, and Andrey V. Pikilnyak. Pedagogical techniques of Earth remote sensing data application into modern school practice. [б. в.], 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/3262.

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The article dwells upon the Earth remote sensing data as one of the basic directions of Geo-Information Science, a unique source of information on processes and phenomena occurring in almost all spheres of the Earth geographic shell (atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere, etc.). The authors argue that the use of aerospace images by means of the information and communication technologies involvement in the learning process allows not only to increase the information context value of learning, but also contributes to the formation of students’ cognitive interest in such disciplines as geography, biology, history, physics, computer science, etc. It has been grounded that remote sensing data form students’ spatial, temporal and qualitative concepts, sensory support for the perception, knowledge and explanation of the specifics of objects and phenomena of geographical reality, which, in its turn, provides an increase in the level of educational achievements. The techniques of aerospace images application into the modern school practice have been analyzed and illustrated in the examples: from using them as visual aids, to realization of practical and research orientation of training on the basis of remote sensing data. Particular attention is paid to the practical component of the Earth remote sensing implementation into the modern school practice with the help of information and communication technologies.
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Seidametova, Zarema S., Zinnur S. Abduramanov, and Girey S. Seydametov. Using augmented reality for architecture artifacts visualizations. [б. в.], 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/4626.

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Nowadays one of the most popular trends in software development is Augmented Reality (AR). AR applications offer an interactive user experience and engagement through a real-world environment. AR application areas include archaeology, architecture, business, entertainment, medicine, education and etc. In the paper we compared the main SDKs for the development of a marker-based AR apps and 3D modeling freeware computer programs used for developing 3D-objects. We presented a concept, design and development of AR application “Art-Heritage’’ with historical monuments and buildings of Crimean Tatars architecture (XIII-XX centuries). It uses a smartphone or tablet to alter the existing picture, via an app. Using “Art-Heritage’’ users stand in front of an area where the monuments used to be and hold up mobile device in order to see an altered version of reality.
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Shamonia, Volodymyr H., Olena V. Semenikhina, Volodymyr V. Proshkin, Olha V. Lebid, Serhii Ya Kharchenko, and Oksana S. Lytvyn. Using the Proteus virtual environment to train future IT professionals. [б. в.], 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/3760.

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Based on literature review it was established that the use of augmented reality as an innovative technology of student training occurs in following directions: 3D image rendering; recognition and marking of real objects; interaction of a virtual object with a person in real time. The main advantages of using AR and VR in the educational process are highlighted: clarity, ability to simulate processes and phenomena, integration of educational disciplines, building an open education system, increasing motivation for learning, etc. It has been found that in the field of physical process modelling the Proteus Physics Laboratory is a popular example of augmented reality. Using the Proteus environment allows to visualize the functioning of the functional nodes of the computing system at the micro level. This is especially important for programming systems with limited resources, such as microcontrollers in the process of training future IT professionals. Experiment took place at Borys Grinchenko Kyiv University and Sumy State Pedagogical University named after A. S. Makarenko with students majoring in Computer Science (field of knowledge is Secondary Education (Informatics)). It was found that computer modelling has a positive effect on mastering the basics of microelectronics. The ways of further scientific researches for grounding, development and experimental verification of forms, methods and augmented reality, and can be used in the professional training of future IT specialists are outlined in the article.
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Costa, Sérgio, Mariana Teixeira, and Thomás Mattos. Conviviality-Inequality during the Pandemic: The Case of Berlin. Maria Sibylla Merian Centre Conviviality-Inequality in Latin America, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46877/costa-teixeira-mattos.2023.60.

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The COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly affected conviviality and inequality in societies worldwide. This research article examines the dynamic interplay between these dimensions in Berlin, Germany, during the pandemic. The study’s main question explores how the relationship between inequality and conviviality evolved in the context of the pandemic and the correspondent containment measures. Four sub-questions address specific aspects: 1) the hierarchy of infection and disease trajectory based on access to protection, 2) the effects of containment measures on income, education, and well-being among various social groups, 3) changes in conviviality at the microlevel (households, neighbourhoods, etc.), and 4) shifts in virtual interaction and media usage during “social distancing”. The survey in Berlin involved 2,502 households and spanned three collection periods. Computer-assisted telephone interviewing (CATI) was used, ensuring representative responses. The findings are analyzed through Goran Therborn’s three levels of analysis: resource, vital, and existential inequalities (Therborn 2013).
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