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1
Rustamov, Asad, Elshan Hashimov, Tural Muradov, Ruslan Hashimov, and Mukhtar Azizullayev. "ANALYSIS OF ANTENNA SYSTEM MODELING WITH THE HELP OF SIMULATION TECHNOLOGY OF NAVIGATION EQUIPMENTS." Advanced Information Systems 9, no. 2 (2025): 36–43. https://doi.org/10.20998/2522-9052.2025.2.05.
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In this paper, a new coplanar waveguide CPW (Coplanar Waveguide) fed circular waveguide for ultra-wideband UWB (Ultra WideBand) applications using High-Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) and Computer Simulation Technology (CST) software is presented. A comparison of modeling and simulations of disk monopole antenna is presented. The purpose of the research is to first determine the geometric parameters and material properties of the antenna, and then perform simulations using HFSS and CST programs. The task of the research is to evaluate the performance by modeling a new coplanar waveguide-fed circular disk monopole antenna for ultra-wideband applications and to compare the results obtained from these two electromagnetic simulation tools. Modeling of a new coplanar waveguide-fed circular disc monopole antenna for ultra-wideband applications used planar patterns and a coplanar waveguide-fed circular disc monopole antenna providing a wide frequency range. Antenna modeling method was used to solve the problem. High-frequency structure simulator and computer simulation technology have been widely used in microwave studio programs, accuracy in solving electromagnetic problems and antenna modeling. The following results were obtained. High frequency structural simulator and Computer simulation technology has been implemented between 2.3 GHz and 12 GHz. Key parameters such as reflection coefficient (S11), directivity pattern and gain coefficient were analyzed to evaluate the antenna performance. As a result of the research, a circular disk monopole antenna printed on a dielectric layer and fed by a 50 Ω coplanar waveguide on the same layer is digitally shown to provide an omnidirectional directivity pattern over the entire frequency range.
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Othman, Nur Nasyilla, Wan Noor Najwa Wan Marzudi, Nur Faizah Mohamad Yusof, Zuhairiah Zainal Abidin, Siti Zarina Mohamad Muji, and Yue Ma. "MIMO Antenna Performances on Microstrip Antenna with EBG Structure for WLAN Applications." Applied Mechanics and Materials 773-774 (July 2015): 756–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.773-774.756.
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A dual microstrip MIMO antenna with Electromagnetic Bandgap (EBG) structures presented. EBG structures proposed in order to reduce the coupling between elements .Simulated scattering parameters with and without EBG structures compared. An evaluation of MIMO antenna characteristics is presented, with the analysis of the mutual coupling, correlation coefficients, total active reflection coefficients (TARC), capacity loss and channel capacity using Computer Simulation Technology (CST) Microwave Studio Software. The proposed antenna is a good candidate for WLAN practical applications.
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Al-badri, Khalid Saeed Lateef. "Multi Band Metamaterials Absorber for Stealth Applications." Law, State and Telecommunications Review 11, no. 1 (2019): 133–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.26512/lstr.v11i1.22928.
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Purpose – This paper presents a simulation study using CST microwave studio computer software.
 Methodology/approach/design – A simple structure based on metamaterial are used to construct a perfect metamaterial absorber. It is made of just one uncompleted square patch copper placed on top of dielectric layer to separate it from a copper ground plate.
 Findings – This design provides four perfect absorption regions with absorption peaks of an average of 93%. The characteristic study of parameters such as copper dimensions and dielectric properties led to an expected result in the synthesis of resonant frequency.
 Practical implications – The multi-band absorption can be used in energy harvesting applications, protection from the effects of electromagnetic waves, radar stealth technology and thermal imaging. Moreover, the experimental results show good agreement with CST simulation.
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Rohit, Jha* Ravindra Pratap Narwaria. "ANALYSIS OF DIRECTIVITY AND BANDWIDTH OF COAXIAL FEED SQUARE MICROSTRIP PATCH ANTENNA USING ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCES & RESEARCH TECHNOLOGY 5, no. 12 (2016): 845–52. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.221116.
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In this paper the use of artificial neural network for the estimation of Directivity and Bandwidth of coaxial feed square shaped microstrip patch antenna is presented. Multilayer Perceptron Feedforward Back Propagation Network (MLPFFBP-ANN) with Levenberg-Marquardt (L-M) training algorithms has been used in order to implement the neural network model. The results obtained from the Artificial Neural Network Model are equated with the results obtained from the Computer Simulation Technology (CST) Studio Software, and the results show satisfactory agreement, and also it is noted that the neural network model is not trained ve
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Baldwin, E. J., J. S. Lapington, and S. A. Leach. "Modelling the behaviour of microchannel plates using CST particle tracking software." Journal of Instrumentation 17, no. 08 (2022): C08009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/17/08/c08009.
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Abstract Photon counting detectors are essential for many applications, including astronomy, medical imaging, nuclear and particle physics. An extremely important characteristic of photon counting detectors is the method of electron multiplication. In vacuum tubes such as photomultiplier tubes and microchannel plates (MCPs), secondary electron emission (SEE) provides electron multiplication through an accelerating field across the dynode(s). A significant electron cascade can be observed in these structures which are routinely used in industry and research. Both devices have been thoroughly tested experimentally. Developing new MCP designs can be expensive and time consuming so the ability to simulate new structures will provide many advantages to instrument designers and manufacturers. There are, however, significant challenges in accurately simulating MCPs, with many geometrical variables to consider as well as material SEE properties. The SEE process is probabilistic, and with MCPs having a very high gain, significant computational resource is required to simulate the resulting electron output for a model. In our research we illustrate how this can be achieved by developing an MCP model using Computer Simulation Technology (CST) Studio Suite software. The model consists of a charged particle source, a small seven-pore MCP structure (including electrodes, resistive and emissive surfaces), as well as the readout anode, with appropriate potentials applied to the components of the model. We present simulation results from the modelled MCPs, demonstrate electron multiplication performance, and compare these results with those predicted by theory. Our goal is to expand this model and identify optimum MCP parameters, for various science applications, using novel materials to optimise detector performance.
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Nissanov, Uri, and Ghanshyam Singh. "High directivity microstrip antenna with stopband and passband frequency selective surfaces for 6G at low-THz." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 12, no. 6 (2022): 6272. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v12i6.pp6272-6283.
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There is still no high-directivity microstrip antenna with directivity beyond 25 dBi, bandwidth (BW) of more than 24%, which can be used for 6G cellular communication at low-THz at a resonance frequency of 144 GHz. So, duo broadband microstrip antennas have been designed at a resonance frequency of 144 GHz with the Taconic TLY-5 laminate in this work. These designs were carried out with the computer simulation technology microwave studio (CST MWS) software. The first antenna simulation results were compared within an Ansys high-frequency structure simulator (HFSS) software, and the obtained simulation results from both software were in fair consent, supporting the proposed designs. The peak directivity, peak gain, total peak efficiency, and BW obtained for the proposed THz microstrip antennas were 27.01 dBi, 25.3 dB, 78.96%, and 34.21 GHz (24.93%), respectively. Therefore, these antennas can be a base for 6G at low-THz.
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H., M. R. Nurul, Mansor Z., and K. A. Rahim M. "Dual element MIMO planar inverted-F antenna for 5G millimeter wave application." TELKOMNIKA Telecommunication, Computing, Electronics and Control 17, no. 4 (2019): 1648–55. https://doi.org/10.12928/TELKOMNIKA.v17i4.12762.
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This work presents a 28 GHz Dual Element Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) Planar Inverted-F Antenna for millimeter wave 5G mobile terminal. The antenna design employs PIFA design concept as it is a common antenna type use for mobile phone as it provides wide bandwidth and good performance. The antenna design begins with a characterization of the single element PIFA design and then extended to Dual Element MIMO PIFA design. The single element PIFA design is enhanced to MIMO design by extending the ground plane and locate the second PIFA at the other end. Isolation between the antenna elements of the MIMO PIFA is analyzed by varying the gap distance between the antenna elements. The result for Envelope Correlation Coefficient, Diversity Gain and Multiplexing Efficiency is also presented. The simulation computed using Computer Simulation Technology (CST) Microwave Studio software.
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Uri, Nissanov, and Singh Ghanshyam. "High directivity microstrip antenna with stopband and passband frequency selective surfaces for 6G at low-THz." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 12, no. 6 (2022): 6272–83. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v12i6.pp6272-6283.
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There is still no high-directivity microstrip antenna with directivity beyond 25 dBi, bandwidth (BW) of more than 24%, which can be used for 6G cellular communication at low-THz at a resonance frequency of 144 GHz. So, duo broadband microstrip antennas have been designed at a resonance frequency of 144 GHz with the Taconic TLY-5 laminate in this work. These designs were carried out with the computer simulation technology microwave studio (CST MWS) software. The first antenna simulation results were compared within an Ansys high-frequency structure simulator (HFSS) software, and the obtained simulation results from both software were in fair consent, supporting the proposed designs. The peak directivity, peak gain, total peak efficiency, and BW obtained for the proposed THz microstrip antennas were 27.01 dBi, 25.3 dB, 78.96%, and 34.21 GHz (24.93%), respectively. Therefore, these antennas can be a base for 6G at low-THz.
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Belgacem, Wahiba, Miloud Bousahla, and Sidi Mohammed Meriah. "A novel compact dual band RFID handheld reader antenna for microwave ISM band application." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 23, no. 1 (2021): 321–29. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v23.i1.pp321-329.
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This paper presents a new design of dual band RFID reader antenna for ISMband industrial science and medical applications at 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz. The antenna is designed and physically built using FR4 substrate and taking a 1.5 thickness, 4.3 relative permittivity and 0.025 loss tangents. Different slots have been introduced to reduce the antenna dimensions and to achieve the dual band for microwave ISM band application. The dimension of the proposed antenna is 34 × 34 × 1.5 mm3, which it could be easily integrated into RFID readers. Numerical simulations have been performed using computer simulation technology (CST) Microwave Studio software. A parametric study was investigated in order to show the effect of slots variation and to obtain the desired functional characteristics. Experimental results show a good agreement with results obtained by simulations. A satisfactorily omnidirectional for the radiation patterns across the antenna operation bands was obtained.
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Islam, Sikder Sunbeam, Touhidul Alam, Mohammad Rashed Iqbal Faruque, and Mohammad Tariqul Islam. "Design and analysis of a complementary split ring resonator (CSRR) metamaterial based antenna for wideband application." Science and Engineering of Composite Materials 24, no. 4 (2017): 573–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/secm-2015-0274.
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AbstractIn this article, a compact complementary split ring resonator (CSRR) based double-negative (DNG) metamaterial antenna is presented for wideband (4.49 GHz–21.85 GHz) wireless application. The antenna is incorporated with a DNG metamaterial patch: 50Ω microstrip feed line and partial ground plane. The antenna shows measured fractional bandwidth of 131.81% with a compact size of 0.37λ×0.37λ×0.01λ. The commercially available finite integration technique (FIT)-based simulation software, computer simulation technology (CST) microwave studio was adopted to investigate the performance of the proposed antenna. Several parametric studies were performed to investigate the effect of key structural parameters on antenna performances. The double-negative characteristics of the metamaterial were investigated as well.
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Mohd Ali, N. I., N. Misran, M. F. Mansor, and M. F. Jamlos. "Design of transparent microstrip grid array antenna." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 15, no. 2 (2019): 888. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v15.i2.pp888-893.
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<p>A transparent grid array antenna of 28 GHz frequency is presented. The radiating element of the antenna is made of ITO thin film and printed on a glass as the dielectric substrate. The simulation of the antenna executed by using Computer Simulation Technology (CST) Microwave Studio software demonstrated at 28 GHz operating frequency for 5G band applications. This antenna then compared to the rectangular microstrip patch antenna of the same operating frequency. Structural parameters of the proposed antenna were optimized based on parametric studies done. Grid array antenna gives better performance as it gives 35.7% lower return loss with -43.88 dB, better efficiency and gain with a gain of 7.358 dB, which is more than 40% increases.</p>
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El-Kholany, Ahmed. "Physicochemical Studies and Hyperthermia Biomedical Modeling Application of Fe3O4 Magnetic Nanoclusters Coated with Barbituric Acid." Chemistry Research Journal 10, no. 1 (2025): 83–92. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15033253.
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A magnetic nano-clusters (Fe3O4) coated with barbituric acid and its complex were synthesized. The structure, modeof bonding, surface charge, physical size, and morphology of the prepared materials were studied. The mechanismsof the thermal decomposition for the naked Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticle (MNP), Coated NP, and the preparedcomplex were studied by thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). The activation energy for the prepared compoundswas determined. Thermal transitions and kinetic studies of the prepared materials were determined by differentialscanning calorimetry technique (DSC). A model was designed using the 3D Slicer software platform and importedto Computer Simulation Technology (CST studio). The model was simulated in the presence of preparednanoparticles: barbituric acid@ Fe3O4 to calculate the specific absorption rate (SAR) and thermal simulation of themodel. The results indicate that the prepared MNP enhances both microwave imaging and hyperthermia treatment atlow frequencie
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N. Taban, man, Ali H. Khidhir, and Ahmed A. Naser. "Design and Simulation of Planar Inverted F Antenna (PIFA) for Long Term Evolution Systems." Al-Nahrain Journal of Science 25, no. 4 (2022): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.22401/anjs.25.4.07.
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In this paper, a new calculator form is designed to calculate fundamental parameters for Planar Inverted F Antenna (PIFA). The special algorithm is configured by MATLAB R2015a software (version 8.5) in the form of a GUIDE programming language to estimate the value of antenna length (La) and width (Wa) by professional software Computer simulation technology (CST) microwave studio (Version 2019)is used to design and study the effects of each parameter in the antenna performance. The designed model was used directly in manufacturing through this method without any optimization or improvement. This antenna fabricated on the FR4 substrate has relative permittivity of 4.3 with a volume of (120601.5)mm3and the proposed antenna is fed by microstrip feeding structure. Simulation results of the (PIFA) show that the return loss, bandwidth, VSWR, and impedance are −52.100dB, 686 MHz, 1.0002and 49.99 Ω respectively at resonant frequency 3.5 GHZ.
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Nascimento, Laiza Costa Santos, Andrey Souza Pinheiro, Emerson Gean Sousa Vieira, et al. "Modeling and simulation of a Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) Tag for Hospital Applications." Brazilian Journal of Development 10, no. 1 (2024): 1310–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.34117/bjdv10n1-085.
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Electromagnetism and all the principles associated with it have been studied extensively due, above all, to their applicability in several new technologies, including Radio Frequency Identification (RFID). This system, composed of a tag, a reader, and software, aimed at information processing, operates through wireless communication, thanks to the interaction between radio waves, more specifically, their transmission and reception. This technology becomes even more remarkable, from the integration of Artificial Intelligence, in directing the collected data, to AI algorithms, responsible for recognizing patterns, anticipating demands and improving processes. In this article, RFID technology is directed towards the hospital setting, building upon an in-depth theoretical study of improvement possibilities by integrating such systems into medical and hospital services. Furthermore, based on the modelling of an RFID tag with a chip, modifications are made to the original structure, with the insertion of resonator rings, resulting in miniaturization of the initial project, as well as redundancy in the reading process, results that were analysed in the software © CST Microwave Studio, given continuous computer simulations.
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Sateaa, Shahad Dhari, Maysam Sameer Hussein, Zainab Ghazi Faisal, Amany Mohammad Abood, and Huda Dhari Satea. "Design and simulation of dual-band rectangular microstrip patch array antenna for millimeter-wave." Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics 11, no. 1 (2022): 299–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/eei.v11i1.3336.
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Microstrip array antennas are essentially for radar and communications systems. They are used to get a needed pattern that cannot be realized with a single element. This paper aims to design and simulate of rectangular microstrip patch array antenna 1 patch (1×1), 2 patches (1×2), and 4 patches (1×4) and improve the performance results. The proposed antenna is simulated by using electromagnetic simulation, computer software technology Microwave studio (CST) printed on Rogers RT5880 (lossy) substrate with dielectric constant 2.2, 0.0009 loss tangent, and thickness 0.1 mm. The simulation results show that the small patch antenna size (1.57 mm × 2 mm) for three designs works at dual bandwidth. The major target of this work is to accomplish an unusual directivity with improved gain for three antenna array designs.
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Shahad, Dhari Sateaa, Sameer Hussein Maysam, Ghazi Faisal Zainab, Mohammad Abood Amany, and Dhari Satea Huda. "Design and simulation of dual-band rectangular microstrip patch array antenna for millimeter-wave." Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics 11, no. 1 (2022): 299–309. https://doi.org/10.11591/eei.v11i1.3336.
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Microstrip array antennas are essentially for radar and communications systems. They are used to get a needed pattern that cannot be realized with a single element. This paper aims to design and simulate of rectangular microstrip patch array antenna 1 patch (1×1), 2 patches (1×2), and 4 patches (1×4) and improve the performance results. The proposed antenna is simulated by using electromagnetic simulation, computer software technology Microwave studio (CST) printed on Rogers RT5880 (lossy) substrate with dielectric constant 2.2, 0.0009 loss tangent, and thickness 0.1 mm. The simulation results show that the small patch antenna size (1.57 mm × 2 mm) for three designs works at dual bandwidth. The major target of this work is to accomplish an unusual directivity with improved gain for three antenna array designs.
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Singh, Pushpendra, Kanad Ray, Badrul Hisham Ahmad, Preecha Yupapin, and Anirban Bandyopadhyay. "The Blade Edge-Shaped Microstrip Antenna for X Band Applications." Journal of Telecommunication, Electronic and Computer Engineering (JTEC) 14, no. 3 (2022): 25–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.54554/jtec.2022.14.03.004.
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In this paper, a simple design of a microstrip patch antenna with a blade edge shape is proposed. It is based on annular rings with blade-shaped edges. The antenna has a wide range of applications in the X band such as terrestrial, radar, satellite communication,wave-guide probing and etc. The model antenna has a compact structure with a size of 25 × 20 mm2 and is etched over the FR-4 ( = 4.54). The design is simulated in Computer Simulation Technology, CST software-Microwave Studio. The proposed antenna offers a stable radiation pattern, a high gain factor, and a reduced lobe level. Sharp edges of antenna elements increase the antenna activity scale in the X band.
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Khan, Mohammad Monirujjaman. "Design and Analysis of a Compact UWB Band Notch Antenna for Wireless Communication." Engineering Proceedings 3, no. 1 (2020): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/iec2020-06974.
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Development and investigation of a miniaturized ultra-wideband band notch antenna is demonstrated in this paper. The antenna was modeled and simulated using Computer Simulation Technology (CST)TM Microwave Studio software. The simulated results of this antenna are presented and analyzed. The performance parameters such as return loss, gain, radiation efficiency, radiation patterns are simulation-based results provided here. The main objective of this paper was to obtain band notch characteristics at the Wireless Local Area Network (5.15–5.8 GHz) and WiMax (5.25–5.85 GHz) in the UWB frequency ranges of 3.1–10.6 GHz in order to avoid interference. Results and analysis show that the antenna meets the objective and shows very good results. It has very compact size as well which is attractive feature of this antenna that will make it suitable for ultra-wideband wireless communication systems.
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Liu, Yaodong, Chenglong Jin, Zhaoxue Su, Wei Yan, and Zhiqiang Zhang. "Analysis of EFT Transmission Characteristics in Armoured Shielded Cables." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2841, no. 1 (2024): 012005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2841/1/012005.
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Abstract Electrical fast transient pulses (EFT) generated when a gas-isolated substation (GIS) is switched on and off. The EFT is transmitted to the control chamber through the secondary control cable, which will cause the failure of the control equipment. In this paper, the three-dimensional electromagnetic simulation software CST (Computer Simulation Technology) is used to study the transmission characteristics of EFT in armored shielded control cables. First, an EFT analog signal is generated using an interference generator. Analyze the difference between the EFT analog signal and the EFT model in the IEC standard. The conversion method of FFT is used to analyze the spectral characteristics of EFT analog signals. According to the structural parameters, a 20-meter-long model of an armored shielded control cable was built in the CST cable studio The effect of the grounding of the shield and armor layers on the attenuation and crosstalk of EFT signals in the cable is studied. Finally, the EFT experiment of 1m long armored shielded cable is carried out, and the reliability of the research method is verified by comparing with the simulation results.
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Ali, Sufyan Hazaa, Ahmed H. R. Alfalahi, and Yousif Azzawi Hachim. "A Miniaturized Compact Wideband Partial Ground Antenna Used in RFID Systems." Tikrit Journal of Engineering Sciences 27, no. 2 (2020): 40–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjes.27.2.05.
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In this paper, a new compact waveguide-fed flexible antenna is presented for RFID applications. This antenna is operated at the resonant frequency of 2.45 GHz. The proposed antenna is designed with small size on (43 × 30) mm2 epoxy substrate material type (FR4) used in the proposed antenna that has a dielectric thickness of 1.6 mm, the relative permittivity of 4.3 and tangent loss of 0.025 where the FR4 dielectric combines good electrical features, price, and availability. The return loss is less than −10 dB in the frequency interval (2.1 − 2.98) GHz. The maximum gain of the proposed antenna is 2.47 dB. The proposed antenna has a wide impedance bandwidth, and an omnidirectional radiation pattern with a small size has been achieved. The overall size of the compact antenna are (43 × 30 × 1.67) mm3. The Computer Simulation Technology (CST) microwave studio software is used for simulation.
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Badr, Nasiri, Errkik Ahmed, and Zbitou Jamal. "A new design of UHF tag antenna for clothing identification using SRR." TELKOMNIKA (Telecommunication, Computing, Electronics and Control) 19, no. 6 (2021): 1755–60. https://doi.org/10.12928/telkomnika.v19i6.16964.
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In this paper, we present a new antenna for radio frequency identification (RFID) tag operating in the Moroccan ultra high frequency (UHF) band around 868 MHz, this antenna is designed on a flexible plastic substrate of relative permittivity 3 and low tangential losses which is 0.002. The proposed tag is designed to identify clothing in supermarkets. The tag antenna has a miniature size of 38 mm in length and 26 mm in width. This miniature size was obtained by using two rectangular split ring resonator (RSRR). The impedance matching of the RFID chip with the antenna was carried out by a double T-matching structure. The antenna is designed, simulated and optimized using computer simulation technology (CST) microwave studio software and good results have been obtained in terms of impedance matching, gain and read range.
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Chindhi, Pradeep, Rajani Hiriyur, and Geeta Kalkhambkar. "A 2.45 GHz high gain radio frequency energy harvesting system in the Internet of Thing applications." International Journal of Experimental Research and Review 31, Spl Volume (2023): 108–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.52756/10.52756/ijerr.2023.v31spl.011.
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To power dedicated ultra-low-power Internet of Things (IoT) devices, high-voltage electric power must be converted to low voltage, which causes losses. Radio Frequency (RF) energy harvesting allows for scavenging ultra-low RF power from nearby RF sources. This paper proposes a single-band RF Energy Harvesting System (RFEHS) for the self-sustainable IoT application. The proposed Square Microstrip Patch Antenna (SMPA) is designed, simulated, and verified using Mentor Graphics software simulations and Computer Simulation Technology Microwave Studio (CST MWS) 3D electromagnetic simulator. For the design and simulation of the rectenna (Antenna + Rectifier), Advance Design System (ADS) is used. The SMPA is fabricated on Rogers RT5880 substrate material having a dielectric constant of 2.2 and a substrate thickness of 2.5 mm. The SMPA peak gain and directivity of 6.81 dBi and 7.24 dBi, respectively, are recorded. The proposed SMPA has an approximately omnidirectional radiation pattern at 2.45 GHz. The SMPA is tested on Vector Network Analyzer (VNA) to validate simulated CST MWS Mentor Graphics results. A single-stage voltage multiplier circuit has been analyzed and discussed using vendor-defined (Murata) library components. The rectenna has a maximum RF to DC conversion efficiency of 65.17% and a DC output voltage of 3.4 V at 10 dBm RF input power and load resistance, R= 3 kΩ. A Transmission Line (TL) equivalent model is derived for the proposed SMPA.
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Ahmad, Rifhan Salman, Muzafar Ismail Mohd, Abd Razak Jeefferie, and Rosmaniza Ab Rashid Siti. "Design of UTeM logo-shape wearable antenna for communication application by graphene silver nanocomposites." TELKOMNIKA (Telecommunication, Computing, Electronics and Control) 20, no. 3 (2022): 647–55. https://doi.org/10.12928/telkomnika.v20i3.21780.
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Previously, the antenna conductive patch was made of copper, which was costly, susceptible to multi-fading, bulky, environmentally sensitive, and difficult to produce. Because of their exceptional electrical conductivity and superior strength to metal, while remaining versatile, the miracle nanotechnology of graphene has made them a possible candidate to replace uncompromising copper metallic content. As a result, graphene is incorporated into conductive silver nanocomposites in this work. With the microstrip feeding technology, the suggested antenna design features a logo-shaped made of graphene and silver patch on a textile substrate and radiates at 2.45 GHz frequency. The antenna’s total dimensions are 60×60×1.6 mm. The simulation results were generated using computer simulation technology (CST) studio suite program software, which improved antenna properties including far-fields, return loss, and voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR). Wearable antennas are promising and have a bright future, especially with the advent of wireless communication technologies, so this new design is essential for the materials revolution in advanced communication and IR4.0 applications, as well as wireless sensor applications
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Islam, Mohammad Tariqul, Ahasanul Hoque, Ali F. Almutairi, and Nowshad Amin. "Left-Handed Metamaterial-Inspired Unit Cell for S-Band Glucose Sensing Application." Sensors 19, no. 1 (2019): 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19010169.
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This paper presents an oval-shaped sensor design for the measurement of glucose concentration in aqueous solution. This unit cell sensing device is inspired by metamaterial properties and is analytically described for better parametric study. The mechanism of the sensor is a sensing layer with varying permittivity placed between two nozzle-shaped microstrip lines. Glucose aqueous solutions were characterized considering the water dielectric constant, from 55 to 87, and were identified with a transmission coefficient at 3.914 GHz optimal frequency with double negative (DNG) metamaterial properties. Consequently, the sensitivity of the sensor was estimated at 0.037 GHz/(30 mg/dL) glucose solution. The design and analysis of this sensor was performed using the finite integration technique (FIT)-based Computer Simulation Technology (CST) microwave studio simulation software. Additionally, parametric analysis of the sensing characteristics was conducted using experimental verification for the justification. The performance of the proposed sensor demonstrates the potential application scope for glucose level identification in aqueous solutions regarding qualitative analysis.
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Rahim, Tariq, and Jia Dong Xu. "Analysis of Double Layer Cross Strips with Chiral Configuration Exhibiting Negative Refractive Index." International Journal of Engineering Research in Africa 22 (February 2016): 128–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/jera.22.128.
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Metamaterials composed of metallic strips on both side of the substrate are analyzed at microwave frequencies. The rectangular shaped metallic foils are rotated by 90o with respect to their adjacent metal strip on each side of the substrate. The twist angle between the cross strips on opposite sides of substrate is 40o. The proposed structure exhibits the properties of chiral medium such as optical activity and circular dichroism due to their cross coupling between the electric and magnetic fields. The rectangular shaped chiral objects can be easily fabricated on double side substrate. Both transmission and reflection resonances are illustrated. The chiral configuration of this metamaterial structure is analyzed in commercial software Computer Simulation Technology (CST) microwave studio and negative refractive index is observed. Moreover, other electromagnetic structural parameters such as chirality, optical activity and polarization effect are discussed.
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Makhmanazarov, Ramdas, Ilya Tseplyaev, Sergey Shipilov, and Natalya Krivova. "Estimation of SAR Average in Rats during 5G NR Chronic Exposure." Applied Sciences 14, no. 1 (2023): 208. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14010208.
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To study physiological reactions in the brain and skin of higher mammals exposed to chronic radiofrequency radiation, specific absorption ratio (SAR) determination is required and time-consuming numerical methods are used. The paper deals with the estimation of the whole-body specific absorption rate (SAR) in rats chronically exposed to external electromagnetic fields, as well as the development of a laboratory setup simulating the operation of a fifth-generation 5G New Radio base station (with a signal bandwidth of 15 MHz and a carrier frequency of 2.4 GHz). The paper presents a modified method for theoretical SAR estimation for one-sided irradiation and distributed absorption. Mean whole-body SAR values were estimated by the proposed method and numerically modeled with the CST Microwave Studio simulation software 2020package using primitive rat models. Dielectric parameters in the numerical simulation were used from the software library. The IEEE/IEC 62704-1 algorithm was used to investigate SAR in numerical simulations. The theoretical estimates and numerical simulations were compared for different SAR distributions and were found to be qualitatively comparable. The differences between approximate theoretical estimates and numerical simulations are 7% and 10% for distributed and non-distributed absorptions, respectively. The proposed method, which takes into account the decreasing power flux density, can be used to estimate the approximate whole-body SAR during chronic electromagnetic field exposure in rats.
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Yuwono, Rudy, Endah Budi Purnomowati, and Mohamad Yasir Amri. "Curved-Pentagonal Planar Monopole Antenna for UHF Television Broadcast Receiving Antenna." Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology, no. 3 (September 30, 2016): 103–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.26636/jtit.2016.3.754.
Full textAbstract:
A planar monopole antenna is an aerial, which the radiating element is perpendicular to the ground plane. It has five equal curvy sides and works at Ultra High Frequency (UHF) band of terrestrial broadcast 478–806 MHz. The curvy sides are made of five equal trimmed ellipses and separated 72o each ellipse to another, form pentagonal shape. Optimizations are obviously necessary to gain the antenna performance at the desired frequency range. The dimensions to optimize this antenna performance are the length of the sides, the offset of curvature, the antenna height from the ground plane, and the ground plane size. Optimization process is done by simulating the proposed antenna with calculated designs using Computer Simulation Technology (CST) Studio Suite 2015 software. The optimized antenna design then fabricated with a 75 W coaxial line fed, measured, and results: Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR) range of 1.05–1.28, antenna gain at 600 MHz is 15.33 dBi, elliptical polarized, and omnidirectional. With these features, this antenna should satisfy the requirements of UHF television broadcasting.
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Rana, Md Sohel, Bijoy Kumer Sen, Md Tanjil-Al Mamun, Md Shahriar Mahmud, and Md Mostafizur Rahman. "A 2.45 GHz microstrip patch antenna design, simulation, and anlaysis for wireless applications." Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics 12, no. 4 (2023): 2173–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/beei.v12i4.4770.
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This paper designs, simulates, and analyzes the S-band microstrip patch antenna (MPA) for wireless applications. FR-4 (lossy) and Rogger RT/duroid, whose dielectric permittivity is 4.3 and 2.2, respectively, have been used as substrate materials. Simulation is done by computer simulation technology (CST) suite studio 2019 software. Simulations with FR-4 material showed that the return loss was -20.405 dB, the gain was 2.592 dB, the directivity was 7.47 dBi, the voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) was 1.221, the bandwidth (BW) was 0.0746 GHz, and the efficiency was 34.69%. Also, Rogers RT/duroid material gives results of a return loss of -12.542 dB, a bandwidth (BW) of 0.0349 GHz, a gain of 8.092 dB, a directivity of 8.587 dBi, and an efficiency of 94.24%. The main goal of this antenna is to have a low return loss while getting as close as possible to a VSWR of 1. This will improve the antenna's gain, directivity, and efficiency compared to other antennas. Copper was used to make the patch and the ground, which were 0.35 mm and 0.0077 mm thick, respectively. The results obtained from the proposed antenna were better than those previously published in various in modern scientific journal and conference papers.
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Rana, Md Sohel, Bijoy Kumer Sen, Md Tanjil-Al Mamun, Md Shahriar Mahmud, and Md Mostafizur Rahman. "A 2.45 GHz microstrip patch antenna design, simulation, and anlaysis for wireless applications." Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics 12, no. 4 (2023): 2173–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/eei.v12i4.4770.
Full textAbstract:
This paper designs, simulates, and analyzes the S-band microstrip patch antenna (MPA) for wireless applications. FR-4 (lossy) and Rogger RT/duroid, whose dielectric permittivity is 4.3 and 2.2, respectively, have been used as substrate materials. Simulation is done by computer simulation technology (CST) suite studio 2019 software. Simulations with FR-4 material showed that the return loss was -20.405 dB, the gain was 2.592 dB, the directivity was 7.47 dBi, the voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) was 1.221, the bandwidth (BW) was 0.0746 GHz, and the efficiency was 34.69%. Also, Rogers RT/duroid material gives results of a return loss of -12.542 dB, a bandwidth (BW) of 0.0349 GHz, a gain of 8.092 dB, a directivity of 8.587 dBi, and an efficiency of 94.24%. The main goal of this antenna is to have a low return loss while getting as close as possible to a VSWR of 1. This will improve the antenna's gain, directivity, and efficiency compared to other antennas. Copper was used to make the patch and the ground, which were 0.35 mm and 0.0077 mm thick, respectively. The results obtained from the proposed antenna were better than those previously published in various in modern scientific journal and conference papers.
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Noor, Raheem, and Qasem Nidal. "A compact multi-band notched characteristics UWB microstrip patch antenna with a single sheet of graphene." TELKOMNIKA Telecommunication, Computing, Electronics and Control 18, no. 4 (2020): 1708–18. https://doi.org/10.12928/TELKOMNIKA.v18i4.14942.
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A rectangular tuneable ultra-wideband (UWB) microstrip patch (MP) antenna based on a single sheet of graphene (SSG) is designed in this study. The antenna band can be tuned by applying a DC voltage bias perpendicular to the SSG at various values via adjusting the input impedance. The antenna has been analyzed by computer simulation technology (CST) microwave studio (MWS) software using an FR4 substrate of thickness 1.6 mm with a dielectric permittivity 𝜀𝑟= 4.4 and loss tangent tan = 0.02 fed by a 50 Ω microstrip line frequency. The design is compact since the antenna consists mostly of copper and the SSG. Graphene’s low weight, high flexibility, and strength make it more attractive than other semiconductor materials. Then, the study investigates the effects of applying the electrical characteristics of graphene to the antenna’s length, which varies with the ON and OFF states. This UWB MP antenna is also designed with notch characteristics so that it can reject undesired interference signals. Subsequently, this compact UWB MP antenna with tuneable resonance frequency is suitable for most wireless communication applications. The simulation results work in the 3.1 to 10 GHz range, as required for UWB technology.
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Ali, Sufyan, Ahmed Reja, and Yousif Hachim. "Design a Compact Coplanar Wideband Antenna Used in Radio Frequency Identification Systems." 3D SCEEER Conference sceeer, no. 3d (2020): 134–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.37917/ijeee.sceeer.3rd.19.
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In this paper, a new compact coplanar antenna used for Radio frequency identification (FID) applications is presented. This antenna is operated at the resonant frequency of 2.45 GHz. The proposed antenna is designed on an epoxy substrate material type (FR-4) with small size of (40 × 28) mm2 in which the dielectric thickness (ℎ) of 1.6 mm, relative permittivity (er) of 4.3 and tangent loss of 0.025. In this design the return loss is less than −10 dB in the frequency interval (2.12 − 2.84) GHz and the minimum value of return loss is -32 dB at resonant frequency. The maximum gain of the proposed antenna is 1.22 dB and the maximum directivity obtained is 2.27 dB. The patch and the ground plane of the proposed antenna are in the same surface. The proposed antenna has a wide bandwidth and omnidirectional radiation pattern with small size. The overall size of the compact antenna is (40 × 28 × 1.635) mm3. The Computer Simulation Technology (CST) microwave studio software is used for simulation and gets layout design.
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Ismael Anwer, Ali, Zaid A. Abdul Hassain, and Taha A. Elwi. "A FRACTAL MINKOWSKI DESIGN FOR MICROWAVE SENSING APPLICATIONS." Journal of Engineering and Sustainable Development 26, no. 5 (2022): 78–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.31272/jeasd.26.5.7.
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This work describes a low-cost, extremely sensitive microwave sensor that may be used to distinguish between different liquid samples by measuring the variation in S21 magnitude. An interdigital capacitor (IDC) in series with a circular spiral inductor (CSI) and linked directly to a light dependent resistor (LDR) is used to do this and been installed minkowski farctal on end both stub. The suggested sensor operates at a frequency of 1.47 GHz. Using Computer Simulation Technology (CST) Microwave studio, the impacts of modifying the proposed LDR's value are evaluated parametrically. However, When the LDR value changes in relation to the light of incidence, a considerable change in the resonance band is observed. Many recent wireless technologies that use optical-based interface systems have found that such technology is an excellent candidate. The same model is developed for validation using a High-Frequency Simulator Structure (HFSS). The suggested sensor is built on an FR4 substrate with a 40×60 mm2 surface area. As a ground plane, a copper layer is applied to the rear panel. The results obtained by the two software systems are in perfect agreement.
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Hazzaa Ali, Sufyan, Ahmed Hameed Reja, and Yousif Azzawi Hachim. "Design of a miniaturized wideband disc monopole antenna used in RFID systems." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 21, no. 2 (2021): 994. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v21.i2.pp994-1004.
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Radio-frequency identification (RFID) is an important wireless technology which utilizes radio frequencies (RFs) for exchanging data between two or more points (tags and readers), that represent an automatic identification (Auto-ID) system. This paper introduces an omnidirectional microstrip antenna operates at 2.45 GHz used for a radio-frequency identification (RFID) technology. The length of the proposed antenna is 36.5 mm and the width is 27 mm. The substrate material which has been used as a base of antenna is FR4 that has dielectric constant value of 4.3 and dielectric thickness value of 1.6 mm. Regarding the resonance frequency, return loss of the proposed antenna design is -34.8 dB. A promising directivity outcome of 2.8 dB has been achieved with omnidirectional radiation pattern as well as an acceptable efficiency of 66%. The proposed antenna design accomplishes a wideband frequency of 1.21 GHz in the frequency range of (2.14 3.35) GHz. The computer simulation technology (CST) microwave studio software has been used for implementing the proposed antenna design. The antenna design fabricatation and its characteristics have been measured using vector network analyzer (type MS4642A). The obtained results of the experimental design achieve a little bit differences as compared with the simulation results
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Ali, Sufyan Hazzaa, Ahmed Hameed Reja, and Yousif Azzawi Hachim. "Design of a miniaturized wideband disc monopole antenna used in RFID systems." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 21, no. 2 (2021): 994–1004. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v21.i2.pp994-1004.
Full textAbstract:
Radio-frequency identification (RFID) is an important wireless technology which utilizes radio frequencies (RFs) for exchanging data between two or more points (tags and readers), that represent an automatic identification (Auto-ID) system. This paper introduces an omnidirectional microstrip antenna operates at 2.45 GHz used for a radio-frequency identification (RFID) technology. The length of the proposed antenna is 36.5 mm and the width is 27 mm. The substrate material which has been used as a base of antenna is FR4 that has dielectric constant value of 4.3 and dielectric thickness value of 1.6 mm. Regarding the resonance frequency, return loss of the proposed antenna design is -34.8 dB. A promising directivity outcome of 2.8 dB has been achieved with omnidirectional radiation pattern as well as an acceptable efficiency of 66%. The proposed antenna design accomplishes a wideband frequency of 1.21 GHz in the frequency range of (2.14 - 3.35) GHz. The computer simulation technology (CST) microwave studio software has been used for implementing the proposed antenna design. The antenna design fabricatation and its characteristics have been measured using vector network analyzer (type MS4642A). The obtained results of the experimental design achieve a little bit differences as compared with the simulation results.
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En-Naghma, Walid, Hanan Halaq, and Abdelghani El Ougli. "Improved design and performance of the global rectenna system for wireless power transmission applications around 2.45 GHz." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 14, no. 2 (2024): 1674. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v14i2.pp1674-1682.
Full textAbstract:
This work proposes a new conception of the global microstrip rectenna system operating around 2.45 GHz. This improved rectenna system associates a receiving antenna with a rectifier circuit. This rectenna is printed on an FR4 substrate. The proposed antenna is a 1×4 microstrip antenna patch array with pentagonal patches using the defective ground structure method and operates with circular polarization. To show the effectiveness of this array, the results obtained by the computer simulation technology microwave studio (CST MWS) software prove that this array is good in terms of high gain, high directivity, high efficiency, wideband, small volume, and well-adaptation, and all these results are confirmed by another solver high-frequency structure simulator (HFSS). The improved rectifier is a microstrip rectifier that uses an HSMS2852 Schottky diode by using a series topology. The effectiveness of this rectifier is proved by the simulation results using advanced design system (ADS) software in terms of well-matching input impedance, high efficiency, and important output direct current (DC) voltage value. The proposed rectenna system is more efficient compared with the existing works and is very appropriate for several applications of wireless power transmission to power supply electronic instruments in various fields cleanly on our planet.
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Sahel, Zahra, Sanae Habibi, Abdelhak Bendali, Fatehi ALtalqi, Omar Mouhib, and Mohamed Habibi. "Design and performance evaluation of a high-efficiency circular microstrip patch antenna for RFID applications at 900 MHz." Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics 14, no. 3 (2025): 2438–46. https://doi.org/10.11591/eei.v14i3.9110.
Full textAbstract:
This study presents a high-efficiency circular microstrip patch antenna designed for radio frequency identification (RFID) applications simulation results illustrate the performance of a circular microstrip patch antenna operating at 900 MHz. Microstrip antennas are renowned for their ability to meet the requirements of compact, lightweight designs, ensuring compatibility, and ease of integration. This research focuses on the development of a circular microstrip antenna, formed as a circular patch on a 0.035 mm thick FR-4 substrate. The design was realized using a substrate with a relative permittivity (εr) of 4.3, a loss tangent (tan δ) of 0.021 and a substrate height (h) of 1.6 mm. The antenna dimensions are small, measuring 58×45 mm, with a circular patch radius of 17 mm. The antenna operates over a frequency range from 0.5 GHz to 2 GHz. Key performance parameters include a return loss of -49.8 dB, a wide bandwidth of 150 MHz, a voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) of 1.009, a gain of 2.161 dB, and a directivity of 2.200 dBi. Antenna design and simulation were carried out using computer simulation technology (CST) Studio Suite Software, specifically adapted to RFID applications.
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Maamoun, Walaa, Mohamed I. Badawi, Ayman A. Aly, and Y. Khedr. "Nanoparticles in enhancing microwave imaging and microwave Hyperthermia effect for liver cancer treatment." REVIEWS ON ADVANCED MATERIALS SCIENCE 60, no. 1 (2021): 223–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/rams-2021-0014.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Hyperthermia therapy is a promising therapy for liver cancer treatment that utilizes external electromagnetic waves to heat the tumor zone to preferentially kill or minimize cancer cells. Nevertheless, it’s a challenge to realize localized heating of the cancer tissue without harming the surrounding healthy tissue. This research proposes to utilize nanoparticles as microwave absorbers to enhance microwave imaging and achieve localized hyperthermia therapy. A realistic 3D abdomen model has been segmented using 3D Slicer segmentation software, and then the obtained segmented CAD model exported to Computer Simulation Technology (CST STUDIO) for applying the Finite Element Modeling (FEM). Next investigating both imaging and treatment capability. Finally, the specific absorption rate (SAR) and temperature distribution were computed without nanoparticles and with different types of nanoparticles such as gold (GNPs) and silver nanoparticles at frequency 915 MHz. By comparing the achived results, it was seen that Silver nanoparticles can make a great enhancement in raising the temperature. However, this result was unsatisfactory but, after adding gold nanoparticles the temperature exceed 42°C, at frequency 915 MHz which is achieving the hyperthermia treatment without harming the nearby healthy tissue, GNPs also can achieve a great enhancement in SAR result
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En-Naghma, Walid, Hanan Halaq, and Ougli Abdelghani El. "Improved design and performance of the global rectenna system for wireless power transmission applications around 2.45 GHz." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 14, no. 2 (2024): 1674–82. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v14i2.pp1674-1682.
Full textAbstract:
This work proposes a new conception of the global microstrip rectenna system operating around 2.45 GHz. This improved rectenna system associates a receiving antenna with a rectifier circuit. This rectenna is printed on an FR4 substrate. The proposed antenna is a 1×4 microstrip antenna patch array with pentagonal patches using the defective ground structure method and operates with circular polarization. To show the effectiveness of this array, the results obtained by the computer simulation technology microwave studio (CST MWS) software prove that this array is good in terms of high gain, high directivity, high efficiency, wideband, small volume, and well-adaptation, and all these results are confirmed by another solver high-frequency structure simulator (HFSS). The improved rectifier is a microstrip rectifier that uses an HSMS2852 Schottky diode by using a series topology. The effectiveness of this rectifier is proved by the simulation results using advanced design system (ADS) software in terms of well-matching input impedance, high efficiency, and important output direct current (DC) voltage value. The proposed rectenna system is more efficient compared with the existing works and is very appropriate for several applications of wireless power transmission to power supply electronic instruments in various fields cleanly on our planet.
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Kamarudin, S. N., M. T. Ali, S. Subahir, A. A. Azlan, S. Muhamud-Kayat, and Muhammad Ramlee Kamarudin. "Design and Investigation of H-Shaped Patch Antenna Integrated with Light Emitting Diodes." Applied Mechanics and Materials 781 (August 2015): 106–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.781.106.
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The limitations in the applications of microstrip antenna lead to wastage in the form of space and functionality. In order to overcome the wastage of space and functionality of the microstrip antenna, the new idea is to make one single device of microstrip antenna which has two application at the same time where it can operates as antenna and the function as lighting source is proposed. Light Emitting Diode (LED) has been chosen as the light source since the characteristic and the structure of the LED are suitable for the integration process. Hence, this paper presents an investigation on the characteristic of an H-shaped patch antenna integrated with Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs).The proposed integrated antenna has been designed and simulated by using Computer Simulation Technology (CST) Microwave Studio Software. It has been fabricated and measured to investigate the performance of the antenna in terms of return loss. The results confirms that the antenna can operate at 2.4 GHz and it works well as an illumination.
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Abdulkarim, Yadgar I., Halgurd N. Awl, Fahmi F. Muhammadsharif, et al. "A Low-Profile Antenna Based on Single-Layer Metasurface for Ku-Band Applications." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2020 (December 16, 2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8813951.
Full textAbstract:
Improvement in the antenna gain is usually achieved at the expense of bandwidth and vice versa. This is where the realization of this enhancement can be made through compromising the antenna profile. In this work, we propose a new design of incorporating periodic metasurface array to enhance the bandwidth and gain while keeping the antenna to a low-profile scheme. The proposed antenna was simulated and fabricated in order to validate the results in the operating frequency range from 10 MHz to 43.5 GHz. Computer simulation technology (CST) microwave studio software was used to design and simulate the proposed antenna, while LPKF prototyping PCB machine was utilized to fabricate the antenna. Results showed that the antenna generated a gain and bandwidth of 14.2 dB and 2.13 GHz, respectively. Following the good agreement between the numerical and measurement results, it is believed that the proposed antenna can be potentially attractive for the application of satellite communications in Ku-band electromagnetic wave.
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Rahim, Tariq, and Jia Dong Xu. "Analysis of Negative Refractive Index Asymmetric Chiral Metamaterial Based on L Shaped Structure." Advanced Engineering Forum 17 (June 2016): 58–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/aef.17.58.
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An asymmetrical chiral metamaterial at microwave frequency is constructed by using four double-layered L-shaped strips which are rotated by 900 with respect to their adjacent metal strip. These different size strips allows another degree of freedom in the equalizing the orthogonal components of the electric fields at the output interface with 90o phase difference when the x-polarized wave excites the structure. The proposed structure exhibits the properties of chiral medium such as optical activity and circular dichroism. The L shaped chiral objects can be etched on double side substrate. The effect of structure on different electromagnetic parameter like chirality, optical activity and reflection characteristics are analyzed. Due to the strong chirality the structure posses negative refractive index for either left circularly or right circularly polarized wave. In this paper, a numerical study in the frequency domain of the electromagnetic-wave propagation through these types of structures is achieved by using the commercial software Computer Simulation Technology (CST) microwave studio.
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Song, Tao, Chao Liu, Hengxuan Zhu, Min Zeng, and Jin Wang. "A Novel Evaluation Method For Particle Deposition Measurement." Open Physics 17, no. 1 (2019): 927–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/phys-2019-0097.
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Abstract Normal operation of gas turbines will be affected by deposition on turbine blades from particles mixed in fuels. This research shows that it is difficult to monitor the mass of the particles deposition on the wall surface in real time. With development of electronic technology, the antenna made of printed circuit board (PCB) has been widely used in many industrial fields. Microstrip antenna is first proposed for monitoring particles deposition to analyse the deposition law of the particles accumulated on the wall. The simulation software Computer Simulation Technology Microwave Studio (CST MWS) 2015 is used to conduct the optimization design of the PCB substrate antenna. It is found that the S11 of vivaldi antenna with arc gradient groove exhibits a monotonous increase with the increase of dielectric layer thickness, and this antenna is highly sensitive to the dielectric layer thickness. Moreover, a cold-state test is carried out by using atomized wax to simulate the deposition of pollutants. A relationship as a four number of times function is found between the capacitance and the deposited mass. These results provide an important reference for the mass detection of the particle deposition on the wall, and this method is suitable for other related engineering fields.
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Alkhafaji, Mohammed, and Abdul Nasser A. Abbood. "Design of a New Wideband Microstrip Filtering Antenna Using PCML-SIR Technique." Kerbala Journal for Engineering Sciences 1, no. 1 (2021): 1–15. https://doi.org/10.63463/kjes1001.
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This article proposes a new design structure of a wideband Microstrip filtering antenna. The design structure of Microstrip filtering antenna is based on the integration of Parallel Coupled Microstrip Line Stepped Impedance Resonator (PCML - SIR) filter with the Monopole patch antenna. The proposed filtering antenna is suitable for high-speed data rate transmission applications, which has a center frequency . The planned structure has a Fractional Bandwidth (FBW) of about 20 %, a return loss ( and a gain over the passband frequency equals to ( 2.88 dB). The proposed microstrip filtering antenna has a good radiation efficiency of about (71.67 %). This design has an incomplete ground plane and a reversed L-shaped slit loaded. The proposed filtering antenna design was simulated using Computer Simulation Technology (CST) Studio Suite software. The design shows a good agreement matching between the PCML-SIR filter and the monopole patch antenna. The simulation design results showed a low loss in the passband and high suppression of the spurious responses in the stopband. The main goal of the PCML-SIR design is to use for high-speed data transmission, which needs to spread frequency spectrum.
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En-Naghma, Walid, Hanan Halaq, and Abdelghani El Ougli. "Novel broadband circularly polarized pentagonal printed antenna design for wireless power transmission applications." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 32, no. 3 (2023): 1434. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v32.i3.pp1434-1441.
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<p>This paper provides a new conception for a microstrip patch antenna array that operates in a circularly polarized manner for wireless power transmission (WPT) at 2.45 GHz. The proposed conception combines four pentagonal patches and the defected ground structure (DGS) method. The antenna array with a dielectric constant of 4.4 and a tangential loss of 0.025 is printed on a FR4 where its thickness is about 1.58 mm. The developed design aims to optimize the antenna array performance. Th e main contribution, to the telecommunications and WPT fields, is to achieve a maximum energy transfer with low losses, while also ensuring adequate adaptation to the excitation port. To prove the effectiveness of this design, simulation results were obtai ned using computer simulation technology microwave studio (CST MWS) software and validated by another solver high - frequency structure simulator (HFSS). Simulation results are presented and compared with those obtained using existing conceptions in the lite rature. The proposed design has proven to be very effective in achieving the intended objectives, which makes this design very good for radiofrequency (RF) energy collection and its various applications to power a variety of devices without harming our pla net.</p>
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Assiya, Amri, and Mazri Tomader. "Reconfigurable planar inverted-F antenna for radio frequency identification tag and global positioning system applications." TELKOMNIKA (Telecommunication, Computing, Electronics and Control) 20, no. 3 (2022): 537–43. https://doi.org/10.12928/telkomnika.v20i3.23324.
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This paper presents the design of a reconfigurable planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA). The proposed antenna is designed and optimized to operate in two frequency bands. 2.4 GHz allocated to the industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) band for the identification of a set of vehicules within a given area, and 1.575 GHz allocated to the global positioning system (GPS) band to locate them outside. The ISM band is used for microwave frequencies for active radio frequency identification (RFID) tag, which is associated with the object to be identified. This antenna consists of two radiating elements connected by a positive-intrinsic-negative (PIN) diode to obtain the frequency reconfigurability. The first radiating element is connected to the ground plane by a shorting pin and excited by a 50 Ω coaxial feed line. Its total size is 30 mm × 50 mm × 7 mm. The substrate used is FR4 with constant dielectric relativity of 4.4 and a height of 1.6 mm. Computer simulation technology microwave studio (CST MWS) software is used to simulate and optimize the proposed reconfigurable PIFA antenna.
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Rahmat, M. Basuki, Yuning Widiarti, Eko Setijadi, et al. "Design and Analysis of Microstrip Patch Antennas to Support the Implementation of Smart Ports." SPIRIT OF SOCIETY JOURNAL 8, no. 1 (2024): 116–26. https://doi.org/10.29138/scj.v8i1.3180.
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Smart port is a port concept which is designed and managed efficiently and effectively, which includes various technologies such as the use of automation systems, robotics, the Internet of Things (IoT), and data analysis. the main service to convert a port into a smart port or Port 4.0. categorized into three main areas: Smart infrastructure is focused on “fixed assets” in ports, such as buildings (e.g. warehouses or stacking areas), cranes, trains, and roads. Smart traffic is focused on “moving assets” such as ships, trucks, trains and containers. Smart trading is focused on the flow of cargo. Digitalization with information and communication technology and automation are fundamental factors in pushing a port towards a smart port. One of the important components in communication technology is the antenna. several devices exchange data for remote monitoring using wireless communication. Antennas are very important in wireless communications. This article explains antenna design and analysis to support Dedicated Short-Range Communications (DSRC) in smart ports. This paper designs, simulates, and analyzes a microstrip patch antenna (MPA) for wireless applications. FR-4 (lossy) and Roggers RT/duroid with a dielectric permittivity of 4.3 and 2.2 has been used as a substrate material. The simulation was carried out using computer simulation technology (CST) suite studio 2019 software. Simulation with FR-4 material showed a return loss of -21.23 dB, gain of 2.718 dBi, directivity of 7.525 dBi, voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) of 1.1864, bandwidth (BW) is 0.0635 GHz, and Simulation using Rogers RT5880/duroid material showed a return loss of -10.813 dB, gain of 8.084 dBi, directivity of 8.528 dBi, voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) of 1.8095, bandwidth (BW) is 0.0441 GHz.
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Vasilyev, Alexey A., Alexey N. Vasilyev, and Dmitry Budnikov. "Using Modeling to Select the Type of Microwave Field Emitter for Dense-Layer Grain Dryers." Applied Sciences 13, no. 16 (2023): 9070. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13169070.
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The microwave field is used for drying and disinfecting grains during the pre-sowing seed treatment. The use of a microwave field in these installations leads to an increase in their productivity and a decrease in the energy consumed by them. In grain dryers, where the grain moves in a dense layer without being loosened, one of the challenges in using microwave fields is ensuring sufficient uniformity of the field distribution. In this article, waveguide design options that introduce microwave radiation into the grain layer are discussed. The objective of this study was to use application software to find the optimum type of transmitter from the three options presented. A mathematical simulation of the electromagnetic field distribution was performed with the use of CST Microwave Studio software 2019 in order to evaluate and compare horn-type, rectangular, and semicircular waveguides. The data on the standing wave ratio and radiation efficiency of these types of waveguides have been reported. The specific features of the microwave electromagnetic field distribution and radiation power in the output of these waveguides have been described. The results of mathematical simulations revealed that semicircular waveguides with slot-type radiators are preferable for processing dense grain layers.
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Paul, Liton Chandra, and Md Mohiminul Islam. "A Super Wideband Directional Compact Vivaldi Antenna for Lower 5G and Satellite Applications." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2021 (November 29, 2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8933103.
Full textAbstract:
In this paper, a super wide band (SWB) Vivaldi antenna has been proposed for lower 5G bands in Sub-6 GHz and satellite applications (S, C, X, Ku, and K band) using various performance improvement techniques. In the presented Vivaldi antenna, different slots are applied not only to increase the gain and directivity but also to get operating frequency at the intended specific frequency range. All dimensions of those slots were chosen by using the sweep parameter method. Ten corrugated side slots, two circular slots, and one via have been used to enhance the performance especially bandwidth and gain of the antenna. At the edge of wireless communication, we want to enhance two key aspects within the communication systems: the quality of service and the cost. The proposed antenna incorporates a simple structure and small size with dimensions of 45 × 35 × 0.79 mm3. Thus, after design, optimization, and simulation, the antenna produces a good reflection coefficient over the very large operating bandwidth of 23.19 GHz, 1 < VSWR < 2, maximum gain of 10.2 dBi, and average radiation efficiency of above 90%, which can be recommended as a suitable antenna for lower 5G as well as satellite applications. The antenna is designed, simulated, and analyzed by using computer simulation technology microwave studio (CST-MWS). Finally, the performance of the Vivaldi antenna has been validated by FEKO and HFSS software, and we achieved a very good matching among the results.
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Ullah, Md, Mohammad Islam, Touhidul Alam, and Farhad Ashraf. "Paper-Based Flexible Antenna for Wearable Telemedicine Applications at 2.4 GHz ISM Band." Sensors 18, no. 12 (2018): 4214. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18124214.
Full textAbstract:
This paper demonstrates the performance of a potential design of a paper substrate-based flexible antenna for intrabody telemedicine systems in the 2.4 GHz industrial, scientific, and medical radio (ISM) bands. The antenna was fabricated using 0.54 mm thick flexible photo paper and 0.03 mm copper strips as radiating elements. Design and performance analyses of the antenna were performed using Computer Simulation Technology (CST) Microwave Studio software. The antenna performances were investigated based on the reflection coefficient in normal and bent conditions. The total dimensions of the proposed antenna are 40 × 35 × 0.6 mm3. The antenna operates at 2.33–2.53 GHz in the normal condition. More than an 8% fractional bandwidth is expressed by the antenna. Computational analysis was performed at different flexible curvatures by bending the antenna. The minimum fractional bandwidth deviation is 5.04% and the maximum is 24.97%. Moreover, it was mounted on a homogeneous phantom muscle and a four-layer human tissue phantom. Up to a 70% radiation efficiency with a 2 dB gain was achieved by the antenna. Finally, the performance of the antenna with a homogeneous phantom muscle was measured and found reliable for wearable telemedicine applications.
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Juhi, Shinde*1 &. Bimal Garg2. "MINIATURIZATION OF MICROSTRIP PATCH ANTENNA USING INTERCONNECTED HEXAGONAL RINGS OF DOUBLE NEGATIVE MATERIAL STRUCTURE." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCES & RESEARCH TECHNOLOGY 6, no. 9 (2017): 389–96. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.892098.
Full textAbstract:
In the aeon of nanotechnology, size is concern. Proposed, the design is focused on miniaturized the size of micropatch patch antenna. In this design, firstly design a microstrip patch antenna at resonating frequency 3.304 GHz. After that, the antenna design with the planned “Interconnected hexagonal rings” of double negative material structure, due to this cover of double negative material structure the antenna is start resonating at frequency 2.088 GHz.. For designing an antenna at resonating frequency 2.088 GHz is required more space than the design . The resonating frequency decreases when the size of antenna is increased. The purpose of this design, the size of antenna is constant and still managed to decrease the resonant frequency. In the design, the micropatch patch antenna (MPA) is incorporated with the double negative material cover which has some special properties so the antenna is miniaturized the size 60%, return loss reduces 247%, VSWR improves 41% and radiation efficiency also improves 36% . The purpose of this work is to design a compact, improve its return loss, radiation efficiency and VSWR all simulated results are analyzed by using computer simulation technology microwave studio software(CST-MWS) 2010