Relevant bibliographies by topics / Computer Supported Cooperative Work

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Computer Supported Cooperative Work'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 9 November 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Computer Supported Cooperative Work"

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Palmer, T. D., and N. A. Fields. "Computer supported cooperative work." Computer 27, no. 5 (May 1994): 15–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/2.291295.

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Whittington, David. "Computer-supported cooperative work." Information and Software Technology 36, no. 12 (December 1994): 753. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0950-5849(94)90049-3.

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Bullinger-Hoffmann, Angelika, Michael Koch, Kathrin Möslein, and Alexander Richter. "Computer-Supported Cooperative Work – Revisited." i-com 20, no. 3 (November 27, 2021): 215–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/icom-2021-0028.

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Abstract Due to the COVID-19 lockdowns and the related mandated work for home, we have seen a massive increase of the use of collaboration tools in various work settings in the last 18 months. Whereas this might have been a new terrain for some, IT-supported work and the related research domain Computer-Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW) have been around for decades. In this article we briefly review what CSCW has to offer for the currently increasing demand in setting up remote collaboration – and share our own observations about what happened when collaboration tools have been introduced in the pandemic. As a summary, we present some learnings from the experience – both for the current state of CSCW research and for future work.
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Dustdar, S. "Multimedia computer-supported cooperative work." IEEE Multimedia 7, no. 4 (October 2000): 24–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mmul.2000.895151.

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Greif, Irene, Bill Curtis, Herb Krasner, Thomas W. Malone, and Ben Shneiderman. "Computer-supported cooperative work (panel)." ACM SIGCHI Bulletin 17, SI (May 1986): 227–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/30851.275634.

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Greif, Irene, Bill Curtis, Herb Krasner, Thomas W. Malone, and Ben Shneiderman. "Computer-supported cooperative work (panel)." ACM SIGCHI Bulletin 18, no. 4 (April 1987): 227–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1165387.275634.

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Xu, Hong Xue, Dong Mei Zhang, and Ming Tong Xu. "A Modular Approach of Computer Support Cooperative Work System." Advanced Materials Research 760-762 (September 2013): 1812–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.760-762.1812.

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A modular approach of computer supported cooperative work system is proposed which based on the hierarchical structure characteristics of distributed cooperative system and the advanced component technology. The key of this approach is regarded the module as core to organize and manage cooperative objects and used the CORBA specifications as an interactive platform to achieve the object communication. The browser/server computing model is used in this approach to deal with remote heterogeneous cooperation problem and the mechanism of cooperation is separated so as to facilitate the application of a distributed cooperation environment for quick implementation. The goal is to provide an open framework for computer supported cooperative work system developers, which can support the implementation of distributed cooperative work to improve system development time. The modular approach of computer supported cooperative work system and its implementation has been achieved in the prototype system MCSCDS.
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Wilson, Paul. "Computer supported cooperative work: an overview." Intelligent Tutoring Media 1, no. 3 (January 1990): 103–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14626269009408268.

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Nichols, David M., and Michael B. Twidale. "Computer supported cooperative work and libraries." VINE 27, no. 5 (May 1997): 10–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb040661.

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Trier, Matthias. "Computer-Supported Cooperative Work (Interaktive Medien)." WIRTSCHAFTSINFORMATIK 49, no. 6 (December 2007): 461–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11576-007-0128-0.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Computer Supported Cooperative Work"

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Nilsson, Cindy. "Computer-Supported Cooperative Work and Embodied Social Interaction." Thesis, University of Skövde, School of Humanities and Informatics, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-903.

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Research in Computer-Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW) has identified a gap - the, so called, social-technical gap - between the wide range of human social interactions that CSCW ideally should support and what current technology actually does support. At the same time recent work in cognitive science and CSCW has begun to elucidate the multifarious roles that the body plays in cognitive processes as well as many forms of social interaction, e.g. gestures, pointing, eye-contact and bodily mimicry. The aim of this dissertation has been to analyse to what degree different aspects of embodied social interaction are supported by different types of synchronous, remote location CSCW technology, and to develop recommendations for future development concerning aspects of embodiment. For this purpose, a number of crucial aspects of embodied social interaction have been identified and about twenty CSCW systems - both research prototypes and commercial systems - have been analysed with respects to how well they support these different aspects. The analysis shows that most CSCW systems only support a very limited range of aspects of embodied social interaction.

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Maarof, M. A. B. "Integrating security services into computer supported cooperative work." Thesis, Aston University, 2000. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/7989/.

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This research describes the development of a groupware system which adds security services to a Computer Supported Cooperative Work system operating over the Internet. The security services use cryptographic techniques to provide a secure access control service and an information protection service. These security services are implemented as a protection layer for the groupware system. These layers are called External Security Layer (ESL) and Internal Security Layer (ISL) respectively. The security services are sufficiently flexible to allow the groupware system to operate in both synchronous and asynchronous modes. The groupware system developed - known as Secure Software Inspection Groupware (SecureSIG) - provides security for a distributed group performing software inspection. SecureSIG extends previous work on developing flexible software inspection groupware (FlexSIG) Sahibuddin, 1999). The SecureSIG model extends the FlexSIG model, and the prototype system was added to the FlexSIG prototype. The prototype was built by integrating existing software, communication and cryptography tools and technology. Java Cryptography Extension (JCE) and Internet technology were used to build the prototype. To test the suitability and transparency of the system, an evaluation was conducted. A questionnaire was used to assess user acceptability.
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Ayala-Bush, Mary T. (Mary Theresa). "Group Decision-Making in Computer-Supported Cooperative Work Environments." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1998. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc277771/.

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Computer-Support Cooperative Work (CSCW) reflects the change in emphasis from using computers to solve problems to using computers to facilitate human interactions. Most studies, however, have focused on the use of the technology rather than on the human-human interaction (HHI) in these environments due to: the varied perspectives of the investigators; and the lack of a consistent variables. Although numerous studies exist on a variety of products, only limited research has been conducted with the most prevalent of the technologies in the marketplace, Lotus Notes™. This field study, conducted using Lotus Notes™, operationalizes a model proposed, but not tested, for the study of group decision-making in CSCW environments put forth by Kraemer and Pinsonneault (1990). This study examines the use of CSCW in the group decision-making process, the participation rate for group decision-making in CSCW environments, and the criteria for determining quality in group decisions in CSCW environments. The study also proposes a new perspective for examining technology using the human context, recommends extensions for the group study framework and explores areas for future research.
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Barbosa, Alvaro. "Displaced soundscapes computer supported cooperative work for music applications." Saarbrücken VDM Verlag Dr. Müller, 2006. http://d-nb.info/991339223/04.

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Heaton, Lorna. "Culture in design, the case of computer-supported cooperative work." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq26791.pdf.

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Harvey, Paul. "Research into a general framework for computer supported cooperative work." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.307803.

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Ward, Sylvia Ann, and s. ward@cqu edu au. "Making sense of Computer Supported Cooperative Work: A taxonomy of terminology." Central Queensland University. Mangagement and Information Systems, 2007. http://library-resources.cqu.edu.au./thesis/adt-QCQU/public/adt-QCQU20081005.155331.

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There are four contributions of this research: 1) confirmation of inconsistent use of terminology in the Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW) research field; 2) the development of a hierarchical terminology technique that extends the idea of cognitive mapping into a hierarchy of concepts and dictionary of related definitions; 3) a taxonomy of terminology showing the boundary of the CSCW research field; and 4) a dictionary of definitions relating to the terminology in the taxonomy. The investigation of prior research in this field found that there was a proliferation of terms all relating to support of groups, and there was a proliferation of software and systems that support groups. However, the terminology and definitions used by researchers were found to be inconsistent, with some terms being defined differently, but then used interchangeably. Inconsistency makes it difficult to determine what technology is being used in the research and where a research study fits into the research field. Knowledge of any research field is mainly gained through reading published research documents. This research analysed published documents in Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW) to determine the scope, structure and meaning of the terminology used in this research field. The research resulted in a hierarchy of terminology and a dictionary of definitions. Future research will determine the value of these structures for new researchers, experienced researchers, and practitioners. During the investigation of prior research no technique was identified to undertake such a study. A hierarchical terminology technique (HTT), which is a form of content analysis process, was developed to structure a hierarchy of concepts to expose the relationships between terms. This technique includes terminology identification, analysis and presentation to show the scope of a research field and to present terminology and definitions to improve consistency. This technique can be used in other fields of study.
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Lichtman, Brian D. "Context-driven agents in computer supported cooperative works." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2011. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/469.

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This thesis describes a research project that investigates the level of contextualization needed to successfully build context-driven agents that can manage a cooperative project. Many times in industry, collaborators in a large project may be located vast distances from each other. It is for this reason that management of such projects can often be difficult. The purpose of this research is to design an agent that can take on the role of a project manager (PM) to assist the human project manager. Specifically, this thesis looks to give such project management agents full situational awareness. It is hypothesized that only with situational awareness can an agent successfully act in the role of a project manager. This thesis describes the investigation into the use of Context-Based Reasoning and Contextual Graphs to create an agent with such situational awareness. This thesis shows that with enough situational awareness, an agent will have the ability to successfully take on the role of a project manager. In particular, this thesis looks at a PM-agent that can manage a simulated project to design and construct a small sounding rocket.
B.S.P.E.
Bachelors
Engineering and Computer Science
Computer Engineering
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Kremer, Rolf. "Replikatives Informationsmanagement in verteilten Groupware-Umgebungen : Entwicklung, Architekturdarstellung und Prototyp-Design des Replikationsmodells "Group replic" /." Aachen : Shaker, 1999. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=008661084&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.

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Miao, Yongwu. "Design and implementation of a collaborative virtual problem-based learning environment." Phd thesis, [S.l. : s.n.], 2000. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=960586490.

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Books on the topic "Computer Supported Cooperative Work"

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Borghoff, Uwe M., and Johann H. Schlichter. Computer-Supported Cooperative Work. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04232-8.

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Ye, Yiming. Agent Supported Cooperative Work. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2003.

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Wilson, Paul. Computer Supported Cooperative Work:: An Introduction. Oxford, England: Norwell, MA: Springer, Kluwer Academic Publishers (in USA and Canada), 1991.

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Paul, Wilson. Computer supported cooperative work: An introduction. Oxford: Intellect, 1991.

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Saul, Greenberg, ed. Computer-supported cooperative work and groupware. London: Academic Press, 1991.

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Wilson, Paul. Computer supported cooperative work: An introduction. Oxford, England: Intellect, 1991.

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Sun, Yuqing, Dongning Liu, Hao Liao, Hongfei Fan, and Liping Gao, eds. Computer Supported Cooperative Work and Social Computing. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-2540-4.

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Sun, Yuqing, Tun Lu, Buqing Cao, Hongfei Fan, Dongning Liu, Bowen Du, and Liping Gao, eds. Computer Supported Cooperative Work and Social Computing. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-4546-5.

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Sun, Yuqing, Tun Lu, Buqing Cao, Hongfei Fan, Dongning Liu, Bowen Du, and Liping Gao, eds. Computer Supported Cooperative Work and Social Computing. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-4549-6.

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Sun, Yuqing, Tun Lu, Xiaolan Xie, Liping Gao, and Hongfei Fan, eds. Computer Supported Cooperative Work and Social Computing. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-3044-5.

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Book chapters on the topic "Computer Supported Cooperative Work"

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Borghoff, Uwe M., and Johann H. Schlichter. "Computer-Supported Cooperative Work." In Computer-Supported Cooperative Work, 87–141. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04232-8_2.

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Leitner, Gerhard. "Why Is It Called Human Computer Interaction, but Focused on Computers Instead?" In Computer Supported Cooperative Work, 13–24. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-23093-1_2.

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Power, Richard, and Lorella Carminati. "Computer Supported Cooperative Work." In Cooperation Among Organizations, 13–25. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-84871-1_2.

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Shekhar, Shashi, and Hui Xiong. "Computer Supported Cooperative Work." In Encyclopedia of GIS, 118. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-35973-1_166.

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Ciolfi, Luigina, Myriam Lewkowicz, and Kjeld Schmidt. "Computer-Supported Cooperative Work." In Handbook of Human Computer Interaction, 1–26. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-27648-9_30-1.

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Schmidt, Kjeld. "Riding a Tiger, or Computer-Supported Cooperative Work (1991)." In Computer Supported Cooperative Work, 31–44. London: Springer London, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84800-068-1_2.

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Leitner, Gerhard. "WISE: The Difference Between Smart and Smart Ass." In Computer Supported Cooperative Work, 3–11. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-23093-1_1.

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Leitner, Gerhard. "The Different Meanings of Home." In Computer Supported Cooperative Work, 25–33. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-23093-1_3.

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Leitner, Gerhard. "A Focused Survey on Technology: From Hypocaust to Smart Appliances." In Computer Supported Cooperative Work, 37–46. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-23093-1_4.

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Leitner, Gerhard. "Theoretical Foundations of the WISE Home." In Computer Supported Cooperative Work, 47–64. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-23093-1_5.

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Conference papers on the topic "Computer Supported Cooperative Work"

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Stasz, Cathleen, and Tora K. Bikson. "Computer-supported cooperative work." In the 1986 ACM conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/637069.637111.

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Hayes, Gillian. "Session details: Computer supported cooperative hospitals." In CSCW08: Computer Supported Cooperative Work. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3260840.

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Wulf, Volker. "Session details: Evolving work practices." In CSCW08: Computer Supported Cooperative Work. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3260853.

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Greif, Irene, Bill Curtis, Herb Krasner, Thomas W. Malone, and Ben Shneiderman. "Computer-supported cooperative work (panel)." In the SIGCHI/GI conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/29933.275634.

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Buckner, Richard Lee. "Computer supported cooperative work (abstract)." In the 1995 ACM SIGCPR conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/212490.213717.

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Neale, Dennis C., John M. Carroll, and Mary Beth Rosson. "Evaluating computer-supported cooperative work." In the 2004 ACM conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1031607.1031626.

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Olson, Gary. "Session details: Building community." In CSCW08: Computer Supported Cooperative Work. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3260836.

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Kiesler, Sara. "Session details: Disrupted environments." In CSCW08: Computer Supported Cooperative Work. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3260837.

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Inkpen, Kori. "Session details: Daring displays." In CSCW08: Computer Supported Cooperative Work. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3260838.

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Halverson, Christine. "Session details: Work places, practices, and people." In CSCW08: Computer Supported Cooperative Work. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3260854.

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Reports on the topic "Computer Supported Cooperative Work"

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Kaiser, Gail E. Atlantis: An Open Architecture for Synergy of Process-Centered Environments and Computer-Supported Cooperative Work. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada347024.

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Parsons, Charles, and Dennis Nagao. Distributed Computer-Supported Team Work: A Reasearch Paradigm. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada268572.

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Kanninen, M. F. L51718 Development and Validation of a Ductile Fracture Analysis Model. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), May 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010321.

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In close cooperation with the Centro Sviluppo Materiali (CSM) and SNAM of Italy, with several years of support from the PRCI NG-18 committee, the Southwest Research Institute (SwRI) has developed and validated a "first principles" predictive model for ductile fracture in a gas transmission pipeline. In particular, the coordinated SwRI and CSM projects for the PRC -supplemented by work contributed by SNAM - has established a theoretically valid methodology and an accompanying line pipe material characterization procedure for gas industry use. This progress provides a theoretically sound framework for designing and operating gas transmission pipelines to be without risk of a large-scale ductile fracture event. However, there remained two important aspects of this technology that needed to be addressed before practical use of the methodology could be made by gas transmission companies. First, because the preceding projects concentrated on pipes with natural gas, to cover the full range of gas transmission pipeline service, the approach needed to be extended to include the effects of gases rich in hydrocarbons. Second, as the number of full-scale pipe fracture experiments that were included in the developmental phase of the research were limited, other data for validation of the model needed to be identified and employed. These two aspects of the ductile fracture methodology development process were conducted concurrently, and have now been completed. The progress that has been provided in detail in this report. The work is culminated by a relation through which the methodology can be applied by pipeline engineers to assess the possibility of a ductile fracture propagation. This report describes the development of a predictive model for ductile fracture in a gas transmission pipeline, thus providing a theoretically sound framework for designing and operating gas pipelines to be without risk of a large-scale ductile fracture event. The model represents an improvement on a number of empirical relations used in designing natural gas pipelines in that this model has been generalized to consider a wide-range of hydrocarbon contents and validated through both additional full-scale instrumented tests carried out by Centro Sviluppo Materiali of Italy and computer simulations conducted at Southwest Research Institute. Application of the model in pipeline design is based on determination of the maximum driving force for fracture, as described in the report, and contrasting this value with measured material resistance that provides a basis for assessing the likelihood of ductile fracture occurring. For existing pipelines the procedure can be used to obtain the maximum operating line pressure that will not put the pipeline at risk of ductile fracture.
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Osadchyi, Viacheslav V., Hanna B. Varina, Kateryna P. Osadcha, Olha V. Kovalova, Valentyna V. Voloshyna, Oleksii V. Sysoiev, and Mariya P. Shyshkina. The use of augmented reality technologies in the development of emotional intelligence of future specialists of socionomic professions under the conditions of adaptive learning. CEUR Workshop Proceedings, July 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/4633.

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In modern conditions, innovative augmented reality technologies are actively developing, which are widespread in many areas of human activity. Introduction of advanced developments in the process of professional training of future specialists of socionomic professions in the conditions of adaptive training, contributes to the implementation of the principles of a personalized approach and increase the overall level of competitiveness. The relevant scientific article is devoted to the theoretical and empirical analysis result of conducting a psychodiagnostic study on an innovative computer complex HC-psychotest. of the features of the implementation of augmented reality technologies in the construct of traditional psychological and pedagogical support aimed at the development of emotional intelligence of the future specialist. The interdisciplinary approach was used while carrying out the research work at the expense of the general fund of the state budget: “Adaptive system for individualization and personalization of professional training of future specialists in the conditions of blended learning”. A comprehensive study of the implementation of traditional psychological-pedagogical and innovative augmented reality technologies was conducted in the framework of scientific cooperation of STEAM-Laboratory, Laboratory of Psychophysiological Research and Laboratory of Psychology of Health in Bogdan Khmelnitsky Melitopol State Pedagogical University. The theoretical analysis considers the structural model of emotional intelligence of the future specialist of socionomic professions, which is represented by two structural components: intrapersonal construct of emotional intelligence and interpersonal construct of emotional intelligence. Each component mediates the inherent emotional intelligence of interpretive, regulatory, adaptive, stress-protective and activating functions. The algorithm of the empirical block of research is presented by two stages: ascertaining and forming research. According to the results of the statement, low indicators were found on most scales, reflecting the general level of emotional intelligence development of future specialists, actualizing the need to find and implement effective measures for the development of emotional intelligence components in modern higher education and taking into account information development and digitalization. As part of the formative stage of the research implementation, a comprehensive program “Development of emotional intelligence of future professionals” was tested, which integrated traditional psychological and pedagogical technologies and innovative augmented reality technologies. This program is designed for 24 hours, 6 thematic classes of 4 hours. According to the results of a comprehensive ascertaining and shaping research, the effectiveness of the influence of augmented reality technologies on the general index of emotional intelligence is proved. The step-by-step model of integration of augmented reality components influencing the ability to analyze, understand and regulate emotional states into a complex program of emotional intelligence development is demonstrated. According to the results of the formative study, there is a dominance of high indicators of the following components: intrapersonal (50%), interpersonal (53.3%). Thus, we can say that intrapersonal and interpersonal emotional intelligence together involve the actualization of various cognitive processes and skills, and are related to each other. Empirical data were obtained as a
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Galili, Naftali, Roger P. Rohrbach, Itzhak Shmulevich, Yoram Fuchs, and Giora Zauberman. Non-Destructive Quality Sensing of High-Value Agricultural Commodities Through Response Analysis. United States Department of Agriculture, October 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1994.7570549.bard.

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The objectives of this project were to develop nondestructive methods for detection of internal properties and firmness of fruits and vegetables. One method was based on a soft piezoelectric film transducer developed in the Technion, for analysis of fruit response to low-energy excitation. The second method was a dot-matrix piezoelectric transducer of North Carolina State University, developed for contact-pressure analysis of fruit during impact. Two research teams, one in Israel and the other in North Carolina, coordinated their research effort according to the specific objectives of the project, to develop and apply the two complementary methods for quality control of agricultural commodities. In Israel: An improved firmness testing system was developed and tested with tropical fruits. The new system included an instrumented fruit-bed of three flexible piezoelectric sensors and miniature electromagnetic hammers, which served as fruit support and low-energy excitation device, respectively. Resonant frequencies were detected for determination of firmness index. Two new acoustic parameters were developed for evaluation of fruit firmness and maturity: a dumping-ratio and a centeroid of the frequency response. Experiments were performed with avocado and mango fruits. The internal damping ratio, which may indicate fruit ripeness, increased monotonically with time, while resonant frequencies and firmness indices decreased with time. Fruit samples were tested daily by destructive penetration test. A fairy high correlation was found in tropical fruits between the penetration force and the new acoustic parameters; a lower correlation was found between this parameter and the conventional firmness index. Improved table-top firmness testing units, Firmalon, with data-logging system and on-line data analysis capacity have been built. The new device was used for the full-scale experiments in the next two years, ahead of the original program and BARD timetable. Close cooperation was initiated with local industry for development of both off-line and on-line sorting and quality control of more agricultural commodities. Firmalon units were produced and operated in major packaging houses in Israel, Belgium and Washington State, on mango and avocado, apples, pears, tomatoes, melons and some other fruits, to gain field experience with the new method. The accumulated experimental data from all these activities is still analyzed, to improve firmness sorting criteria and shelf-life predicting curves for the different fruits. The test program in commercial CA storage facilities in Washington State included seven apple varieties: Fuji, Braeburn, Gala, Granny Smith, Jonagold, Red Delicious, Golden Delicious, and D'Anjou pear variety. FI master-curves could be developed for the Braeburn, Gala, Granny Smith and Jonagold apples. These fruits showed a steady ripening process during the test period. Yet, more work should be conducted to reduce scattering of the data and to determine the confidence limits of the method. Nearly constant FI in Red Delicious and the fluctuations of FI in the Fuji apples should be re-examined. Three sets of experiment were performed with Flandria tomatoes. Despite the complex structure of the tomatoes, the acoustic method could be used for firmness evaluation and to follow the ripening evolution with time. Close agreement was achieved between the auction expert evaluation and that of the nondestructive acoustic test, where firmness index of 4.0 and more indicated grade-A tomatoes. More work is performed to refine the sorting algorithm and to develop a general ripening scale for automatic grading of tomatoes for the fresh fruit market. Galia melons were tested in Israel, in simulated export conditions. It was concluded that the Firmalon is capable of detecting the ripening of melons nondestructively, and sorted out the defective fruits from the export shipment. The cooperation with local industry resulted in development of automatic on-line prototype of the acoustic sensor, that may be incorporated with the export quality control system for melons. More interesting is the development of the remote firmness sensing method for sealed CA cool-rooms, where most of the full-year fruit yield in stored for off-season consumption. Hundreds of ripening monitor systems have been installed in major fruit storage facilities, and being evaluated now by the consumers. If successful, the new method may cause a major change in long-term fruit storage technology. More uses of the acoustic test method have been considered, for monitoring fruit maturity and harvest time, testing fruit samples or each individual fruit when entering the storage facilities, packaging house and auction, and in the supermarket. This approach may result in a full line of equipment for nondestructive quality control of fruits and vegetables, from the orchard or the greenhouse, through the entire sorting, grading and storage process, up to the consumer table. The developed technology offers a tool to determine the maturity of the fruits nondestructively by monitoring their acoustic response to mechanical impulse on the tree. A special device was built and preliminary tested in mango fruit. More development is needed to develop a portable, hand operated sensing method for this purpose. In North Carolina: Analysis method based on an Auto-Regressive (AR) model was developed for detecting the first resonance of fruit from their response to mechanical impulse. The algorithm included a routine that detects the first resonant frequency from as many sensors as possible. Experiments on Red Delicious apples were performed and their firmness was determined. The AR method allowed the detection of the first resonance. The method could be fast enough to be utilized in a real time sorting machine. Yet, further study is needed to look for improvement of the search algorithm of the methods. An impact contact-pressure measurement system and Neural Network (NN) identification method were developed to investigate the relationships between surface pressure distributions on selected fruits and their respective internal textural qualities. A piezoelectric dot-matrix pressure transducer was developed for the purpose of acquiring time-sampled pressure profiles during impact. The acquired data was transferred into a personal computer and accurate visualization of animated data were presented. Preliminary test with 10 apples has been performed. Measurement were made by the contact-pressure transducer in two different positions. Complementary measurements were made on the same apples by using the Firmalon and Magness Taylor (MT) testers. Three-layer neural network was designed. 2/3 of the contact-pressure data were used as training input data and corresponding MT data as training target data. The remaining data were used as NN checking data. Six samples randomly chosen from the ten measured samples and their corresponding Firmalon values were used as the NN training and target data, respectively. The remaining four samples' data were input to the NN. The NN results consistent with the Firmness Tester values. So, if more training data would be obtained, the output should be more accurate. In addition, the Firmness Tester values do not consistent with MT firmness tester values. The NN method developed in this study appears to be a useful tool to emulate the MT Firmness test results without destroying the apple samples. To get more accurate estimation of MT firmness a much larger training data set is required. When the larger sensitive area of the pressure sensor being developed in this project becomes available, the entire contact 'shape' will provide additional information and the neural network results would be more accurate. It has been shown that the impact information can be utilized in the determination of internal quality factors of fruit. Until now,
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